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g
to
r
ec
eiv
in
g
,
w
h
ile
t
h
e
o
p
tio
n
f
o
r
th
e
s
leep
s
ch
ed
u
les
o
f
t
h
e
b
u
f
f
er
in
g
n
o
d
es
w
h
ic
h
ar
e
i
n
s
leep
m
o
d
e
i
s
b
y
b
u
f
f
er
in
g
a
n
d
m
an
a
g
i
n
g
d
ela
y
p
ac
k
et
s
.
T
h
e
o
p
tio
n
o
f
r
ed
u
cin
g
p
o
w
er
co
n
s
u
m
p
t
io
n
an
d
k
ee
p
co
n
n
ec
ti
o
n
aliv
e
as
lo
n
g
a
s
p
o
s
s
i
b
l
e
,
e
s
p
e
c
i
a
l
l
y
i
n
o
u
t
d
o
o
r
p
l
a
c
e
s
w
i
t
h
l
e
s
s
p
o
w
e
r
s
u
p
p
l
i
e
s
i
s
b
y
s
e
l
e
c
t
i
o
n
o
f
o
p
t
i
m
a
l
n
o
d
e
f
o
r
t
h
e
t
r
a
n
s
m
i
t
t
e
r
w
i
t
h
p
o
w
e
r
l
e
v
e
l
s
t
o
k
e
e
p
n
e
tw
o
r
k
a
l
i
v
e
a
s
l
o
n
g
a
s
p
o
s
s
i
b
l
e
.
I
n
t
h
e
s
am
e
t
i
m
e
t
h
e
t
r
a
n
s
m
i
s
s
i
o
n
e
n
e
r
g
y
i
s
s
a
v
e
d
i
n
s
u
c
h
c
a
s
e
f
o
r
l
o
n
g
d
i
s
t
a
n
c
e
w
h
i
c
h
i
s
r
e
q
u
i
r
e
d
f
o
r
h
i
g
h
s
p
e
e
d
p
a
c
k
e
t
t
o
t
r
a
n
s
f
e
r
a
l
o
n
g
w
i
t
h
e
n
v
i
r
o
n
m
e
n
t
.
R
ec
en
t
l
y
,
t
h
e
p
o
w
er
a
w
ar
e
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
f
o
r
W
MN
s
h
a
v
e
b
ec
o
m
e
an
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
is
s
u
e
esp
ec
i
all
y
i
n
lo
w
p
o
w
er
r
eg
io
n
s
.
Mo
s
t
M
A
C
p
r
o
to
co
ls
u
s
ed
a
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
ac
tiv
e/sl
ee
p
e
n
er
g
y
s
av
in
g
i
n
W
MN
s
w
it
h
n
et
w
o
r
k
allo
ca
tio
n
v
ec
to
r
(
NAV)
[
2
]
.
An
a
u
to
m
a
tic
p
o
w
er
s
a
v
es
d
el
iv
er
y
(
A
P
SD)
[
3
]
h
ap
p
en
w
h
e
n
t
h
e
li
n
k
is
b
u
s
y
a
s
th
e
b
lo
ck
s
tatio
n
s
i
s
b
u
s
y
f
r
o
m
tr
an
s
m
itti
n
g
.
An
o
th
er
ca
s
e
i
s
th
e
li
n
k
i
s
ca
lled
an
ac
ti
v
e
/s
l
ee
p
s
ch
ed
u
les
w
h
e
n
t
h
e
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
t
o
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
f
l
e
x
i
b
i
l
i
t
y
a
n
d
p
o
w
e
r
s
a
v
i
n
g
.
T
h
e
p
o
w
e
r
s
a
v
e
r
o
f
m
u
l
t
i
-
p
o
l
l
(
PS
M
P
)
[
4
]
i
s
a
n
e
n
h
a
n
c
e
m
e
n
t
,
w
h
i
l
e
f
o
r
t
h
e
d
o
w
n
l
i
n
k
a
n
d
u
p
l
i
n
k
t
r
a
n
s
m
i
s
s
i
o
n
s
a
r
e
u
s
e
d
t
o
m
i
n
i
m
i
z
e
t
h
e
o
v
e
r
h
e
a
d
o
f
act
i
v
e
/
s
leep
s
ch
ed
u
les
o
f
th
e
U
-
A
P
SD
a
n
d
S
-
A
P
SD
p
r
o
to
co
ls
b
y
s
c
h
ed
u
led
ti
m
es.
A
s
leep
o
p
tim
al
f
air
-
atte
n
tio
n
s
c
h
ed
u
ler
(
SOF
A
)
[
5
]
co
m
b
i
n
es
o
f
b
o
th
A
cti
v
e/
s
lee
p
an
d
r
o
u
n
d
r
o
b
in
s
ch
ed
u
lin
g
.
I
t
is
h
ap
p
en
ed
b
y
m
a
k
e
r
esp
o
n
s
i
v
en
e
s
s
r
eq
u
est
s
f
o
r
clien
ts
to
s
leep
r
at
h
er
th
an
s
ch
ed
u
li
n
g
p
o
licies.
T
h
e
en
er
g
y
a
w
ar
e
r
o
u
tin
g
(
E
AR
)
[
6
]
r
o
u
te
p
ac
k
et
tr
af
f
ic
w
h
ic
h
ca
lcu
la
te
th
e
e
n
er
g
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
t
io
n
f
o
r
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t.
T
h
e
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t
-
a
w
ar
e
r
o
u
ti
n
g
(
E
T
R
)
[
7
]
ch
o
o
s
es
t
h
e
r
o
u
t
in
g
an
d
d
ep
en
d
s
o
n
l
y
th
e
s
h
o
r
test
p
ath
.
T
h
e
n
o
d
es b
ec
o
m
e
an
a
ct
iv
e
b
y
s
w
itc
h
i
n
g
o
f
f
as
m
u
c
h
n
o
d
es a
s
m
u
ch
a
s
p
o
s
s
ib
le.
T
h
e
g
r
ee
n
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
[
8
]
is
r
o
u
tes
w
ith
L
i
n
k
Sc
h
ed
u
l
in
g
,
an
d
g
r
ee
n
r
o
u
tin
g
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
w
ith
li
n
k
s
ch
ed
u
li
n
g
h
ad
b
ee
n
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
f
o
r
W
MN
s
.
W
h
ile
C
B
R
P
[
9
]
is
r
o
u
tes
w
it
h
r
ed
u
ce
o
v
er
f
lo
w
in
g
tr
af
f
ic
an
d
t
h
is
p
r
o
to
co
l
r
o
u
te
th
e
d
is
co
v
er
y
f
o
r
W
MN
s
b
y
cl
u
s
ter
i
n
g
to
r
ed
u
ce
o
v
er
f
lo
w
.
T
h
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
o
f
t
h
e
co
n
tr
o
l
an
d
lo
ca
lized
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
to
p
o
lo
g
y
f
o
r
h
y
b
r
id
W
MN
o
f
h
e
ter
o
g
en
eo
u
s
to
ch
o
o
s
e
th
e
b
est
p
o
w
er
p
at
h
f
o
r
th
e
n
ei
g
h
b
o
r
n
o
d
e
w
as
p
r
esen
ted
i
n
[
1
0
]
,
in
[
1
1
]
th
e
s
i
g
n
al
s
tr
e
n
g
t
h
ca
lcu
latio
n
s
h
ad
b
ee
n
ca
lc
u
lated
,
an
d
th
e
g
u
ar
a
n
tee
n
et
w
o
r
k
c
o
n
n
ec
ti
v
it
y
al
s
o
t
h
e
ti
m
e
o
f
t
h
e
tr
an
s
m
i
s
s
io
n
e
n
er
g
y
is
s
a
v
ed
.
W
h
ile
d
eter
m
i
n
e
th
e
q
u
alit
y
i
n
a
n
y
d
ir
ec
tio
n
o
f
th
e
li
n
k
in
[
1
2
]
.
I
n
[
1
3
]
d
iv
id
e
o
n
e
f
r
a
m
e
to
s
m
a
ll
s
lo
ts
f
o
r
s
en
s
o
r
n
o
d
es
i
n
W
MSN
th
e
n
f
o
r
w
ar
d
d
ata
p
a
ck
ets
to
m
es
h
r
o
u
ter
w
h
ic
h
co
m
p
u
tes
t
h
e
s
lo
t
all
o
ca
tio
n
tab
le
f
o
r
co
llectin
g
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
f
r
o
m
n
ei
g
h
b
o
r
,
also
in
[
1
4
]
a
n
e
w
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
h
ad
b
ee
n
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
to
en
h
an
ce
p
o
w
er
s
a
v
i
n
g
b
y
p
r
ese
n
t
b
o
th
p
lan
n
i
n
g
a
n
d
en
er
g
y
m
a
n
ag
e
m
e
n
t
s
o
lu
tio
n
in
W
MN
at
s
a
m
e
ti
m
e.
W
h
ile
in
[
1
5
]
s
av
e
en
er
g
y
b
y
p
r
o
p
o
s
in
g
a
r
o
u
ti
n
g
p
r
o
to
co
l
th
at
r
ed
u
ce
s
th
e
p
ac
k
et
f
allo
u
t.
D
y
n
a
m
ic
e
n
er
g
y
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
en
t
p
r
esen
ted
i
n
[
1
6
]
b
y
ti
m
e
v
ar
y
i
n
g
d
y
n
a
m
i
c
s
elec
tio
n
o
f
b
ase
s
tatio
n
s
alo
n
g
w
it
h
r
o
u
ti
n
g
o
f
W
MN
s
.
I
n
[
1
7
]
alm
o
s
t
all
th
e
p
r
o
to
co
ls
an
d
m
an
y
m
o
r
e
h
av
e
b
ee
n
r
ev
i
s
ed
,
w
h
er
e
t
h
e
d
ata
a
n
d
th
e
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
la
y
er
s
ca
n
n
o
t sa
v
e
p
o
w
er
o
n
l
y
i
n
p
h
y
s
ical
la
y
er
i
n
w
h
ic
h
d
ev
ices
is
e
x
p
lo
ited
.
A
l
s
o
ca
lcu
lated
w
h
eth
er
th
e
t
r
af
f
ic
th
r
o
u
g
h
AC
M
R
a
n
d
G
MR
o
f
th
e
li
n
k
ca
n
g
o
to
b
e
ac
tiv
e,
o
t
h
er
w
is
e
i
t
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
in
s
leep
.
I
n
[
1
8
]
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
an
o
n
li
n
e
f
lo
w
-
b
ased
r
o
u
tin
g
tr
a
f
f
ic
d
u
e
to
en
er
g
y
ef
f
icie
n
t
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
in
W
MN
s
.
A
b
lu
eto
o
th
lo
w
e
n
er
g
y
o
r
b
lu
et
o
o
th
s
m
ar
t
h
ad
b
ee
n
m
er
g
ed
t
ec
h
n
o
lo
g
ies
a
n
d
th
e
m
et
h
o
d
s
f
o
r
w
ir
eless
n
et
w
o
r
k
in
[
1
9
]
,
also
in
[
2
0
]
p
r
esen
ted
an
i
n
d
u
s
tr
ial
s
o
l
u
tio
n
f
o
r
lo
w
p
o
w
er
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
i
n
W
MN
s
.
Au
th
o
r
s
i
n
[
2
1
]
h
as
an
i
n
f
i
n
ite
s
et
o
f
p
h
y
s
ical
lin
k
s
to
u
s
e
a
p
h
y
s
ica
l
in
ter
f
er
e
n
ce
m
o
d
e
f
o
r
s
i
n
g
le
h
o
p
an
d
m
u
lti
-
h
o
p
s
to
r
ea
ch
an
o
p
ti
m
al
p
o
w
er
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
b
y
d
is
cr
ete
s
et
o
f
d
ata
r
ates
w
it
h
co
n
ti
n
u
o
u
s
p
o
w
er
co
n
tr
o
l.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
11
,
No
.
2
,
A
p
r
il
2
0
2
1
:
1
3
8
8
-
1394
1390
T
h
e
r
esu
lt
in
[
22
]
f
o
r
th
e
s
i
m
u
latio
n
s
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
at
w
h
en
e
v
er
o
n
e
lin
k
f
ai
ls
to
p
r
o
d
u
ce
f
u
ll
r
o
b
u
s
tn
es
s
an
d
w
h
en
t
h
e
lin
k
f
ai
lu
r
e
in
t
h
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
a
f
au
lt
to
ler
an
ce
w
i
ll
b
e
to
ler
ate
f
r
o
m
2
9
.
7
1
%
-
4
5
.
6
1
%.
I
n
[
23
]
m
ak
e
a
n
o
d
e
w
o
r
k
s
o
u
t
o
f
p
o
w
er
w
it
h
MP
-
C
A
R
A
f
al
ls
w
i
th
less
th
an
a
d
esire
d
th
r
e
s
h
o
ld
.
T
h
e
d
y
n
a
m
ic
ST
A
i
n
[
24
]
w
it
h
s
a
v
e
s
u
b
s
ta
n
tial
e
n
er
g
y
h
as
a
n
ag
g
r
eg
ate
b
atter
y
b
y
r
an
d
o
m
m
o
b
ile
p
o
in
t
s
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2
.
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ased
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I
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te
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al
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p
ath
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I
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u
r
e
5
.
R
o
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ath
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u
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ath
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H
an
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NCLU
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N
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atter
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o
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T
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ased
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RE
F
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R
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NC
E
S
[1
]
P
.
S
h
a
rn
y
a
,
a
n
d
J.
S
.
Ra
j,
“
S
e
lf
Org
a
n
izin
g
W
irele
ss
M
e
sh
Ne
tw
o
rk
,
”
I
n
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
In
n
o
v
a
ti
o
n
a
n
d
Ap
p
li
e
d
S
tu
d
ies
,
v
o
l.
3
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
4
8
6
-
4
9
2
,
2
0
1
3
.
[2
]
F
.
Zh
a
n
g
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
P
o
w
e
r
S
a
v
in
g
Ac
c
e
ss
P
o
i
n
ts
f
o
r
IEE
E
8
0
2
.
1
1
W
irele
ss
Ne
t
w
o
rk
In
f
r
a
stru
c
tu
re
,
”
2
0
0
4
IEE
E
W
ire
les
s Co
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s a
n
d
Ne
two
rk
in
g
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
(
IEE
E
Ca
t.
No
.
0
4
T
H8
7
3
3
)
,
A
tl
a
n
ta,
GA
,
US
A
,
v
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1
,
2
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1
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200
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0
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A
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A
0
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0
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B
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A
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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&
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o
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p
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g
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8708
P
o
w
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h
a
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ce
men
t b
a
s
ed
lin
k
q
u
a
lity fo
r
w
ir
eless
me
s
h
n
etw
o
r
k
(
Mo
h
a
mma
d
K
h
a
la
f R
a
h
im
A
l
-
ju
a
ifa
r
i
)
1393
[3
]
IEE
E
S
td
s
.
De
p
t.
,
“
P
a
rt
1
1
:
W
irele
ss
M
e
d
iu
m
Ac
c
e
ss
Co
n
tro
l
(
M
A
C)
a
n
d
P
h
y
sic
a
l
La
y
e
r
(P
HY
)
S
p
e
c
if
ica
ti
o
n
s:
M
e
d
iu
m
A
c
c
e
ss
Co
n
tro
l
(M
A
C)
Qu
a
li
ty
o
f
S
e
rv
i
c
e
(Qo
S
)
En
h
a
n
c
e
m
e
n
ts,”
IEE
E
Pre
ss
,
2
0
0
5
.
[4
]
IEE
E
S
t
d
s.
De
p
t.
,
“
P
a
rt
1
1
:
W
irele
ss
LA
N
M
e
d
iu
m
Ac
c
e
s
s
Co
n
tr
o
l
(M
A
C)
a
n
d
P
h
y
sic
a
l
L
a
y
e
r
(P
HY
)
sp
e
c
if
ic
a
ti
o
n
s: A
m
e
n
d
m
e
n
t
4
:
En
h
a
n
c
e
m
e
n
ts f
o
r
Hig
h
e
r
T
h
ro
u
g
h
p
u
t,
”
IEE
E
P8
0
2
.
1
1
n
/D
3
.
0
0
.
IEE
E
Pre
ss
,
2
0
0
7
.
[5
]
Z.
Zen
g
,
Y.
G
a
o
,
a
n
d
P
.
R
.
Ku
m
a
r,
“
S
OFA
:
A
S
lee
p
-
Op
ti
m
a
l
F
a
ir
-
A
tt
e
n
ti
o
n
sc
h
e
d
u
ler
f
o
r
th
e
P
o
w
e
r
-
S
a
v
in
g
M
o
d
e
o
f
W
L
A
N
s
,
”
2
0
1
1
3
1
s
t
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
o
n
D
i
s
t
r
i
b
u
t
e
d
C
o
m
p
u
t
i
n
g
S
y
s
t
e
m
s
,
M
i
n
n
e
a
p
o
l
i
s
,
M
N
,
2
0
1
1
,
p
p
.
8
7
-
98.
[6
]
J.
Re
stre
p
o
,
C.
G
ru
b
e
r,
a
n
d
C.
M
a
c
h
u
c
a
,
“
En
e
rg
y
p
ro
f
il
e
a
w
a
r
e
ro
u
ti
n
g
,
”
in
2
0
0
9
IEE
E
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
on
C
o
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s W
o
rk
sh
o
p
s
,
Dre
sd
e
n
,
2
0
0
9
.
,
p
p
.
1
-
5
.
[7
]
A
.
Oliv
a
,
A
.
Ba
n
c
h
s
a
n
d
P
.
S
e
rr
a
n
o
,
“
T
h
ro
u
g
h
p
u
t
a
n
d
e
n
e
rg
y
-
a
w
a
r
e
ro
u
ti
n
g
f
o
r
8
0
2
.
1
1
b
a
se
d
m
e
sh
n
e
t
w
o
rk
s,”
Co
mp
u
ter
C
o
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
,
v
o
l.
3
5
,
n
o
.
1
2
,
p
p
.
1
4
3
3
-
1
4
4
6
,
2
0
1
2
.
[8
]
Am
o
k
ra
n
e
A
h
m
e
d
,
L
a
n
g
a
r
Ra
m
i,
Bo
u
ta
b
a
Ra
o
u
f
a
n
d
P
u
j
o
ll
e
G
u
y
,
“
A
Gre
e
n
F
ra
m
e
w
o
r
k
f
o
r
En
e
rg
y
E
ff
icie
n
t
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
in
T
DM
A
-
b
a
se
d
W
irele
ss
M
e
sh
Ne
t
w
o
rk
s,”
2
0
1
2
8
th
in
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
c
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
n
e
two
rk
a
n
d
se
rv
ice
ma
n
a
g
e
me
n
t
(
c
n
sm
)
a
n
d
2
0
1
2
wo
rk
sh
o
p
o
n
sy
ste
ms
v
irtu
a
li
ztio
n
m
a
n
a
g
e
me
n
t
(
sv
m)
,
L
a
s
V
e
g
a
s,
NV
,
2
0
1
2
,
p
p
.
3
2
2
-
3
2
8
.
[9
]
C.
Be
m
m
o
u
ss
a
t,
F
.
Did
i,
M
.
F
e
h
a
m
,
“
Eff
ici
e
n
t
Ro
u
ti
n
g
P
ro
to
c
o
l
to
su
p
p
o
r
t
QO
S
IN
W
irele
ss
M
e
sh
Ne
t
w
o
rk
,
”
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
W
ire
les
s &
M
o
b
il
e
Ne
two
rk
s (
IJ
W
M
N)
,
v
o
l.
4
,
n
o
.
5
,
p
p
.
8
9
-
1
0
4
,
2
0
1
2
.
[1
0
]
F
.
O.
A
ro
n
,
T
.
O.
Ol
w
a
l,
A
.
Ku
r
ien
,
M
.
O.
Od
h
iam
b
o
,
“
A
Distrib
u
ted
T
o
p
o
l
o
g
y
Co
n
tro
l
A
lg
o
rit
h
m
to
Co
n
se
r
v
e
En
e
rg
y
in
He
tero
g
e
n
e
o
u
s
W
irele
ss
M
e
sh
Ne
t
w
o
rk
s,”
Pro
c
e
e
d
in
g
s
o
f
W
o
rld
Aca
d
e
my
o
f
S
c
ien
c
e
,
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
2
0
0
8
,
p
p
.
5
3
0
-
5
3
6
.
[1
1
]
P
ra
v
e
e
n
G
u
p
ta,
P
re
e
ti
S
a
x
e
n
a
,
A.
K.
Ra
m
a
n
i
,
Ra
jk
a
m
a
l
M
it
tal
,
“
Op
ti
m
ize
d
Us
e
o
f
Ba
tt
e
r
y
P
o
w
e
r
in
W
irele
ss
A
d
h
o
c
Ne
tw
o
rk
s,”
in
1
2
th
i
n
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
c
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
a
d
v
a
n
c
e
d
c
o
m
mu
n
ica
t
io
n
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
2
0
1
0
.
[1
2
]
A
n
c
il
lo
tt
i,
Em
il
io
,
Ca
rlo
V
.
,
Ra
f
f
a
e
le
B.
,
a
n
d
En
z
o
M
.,
"
A
re
in
fo
rc
e
m
e
n
t
lea
rn
in
g
-
b
a
se
d
li
n
k
q
u
a
li
ty
e
sti
m
a
ti
o
n
stra
teg
y
f
o
r
RP
L
a
n
d
i
t
s im
p
a
c
t
o
n
to
p
o
lo
g
y
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t,
"
Co
mp
u
ter
Co
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
,
v
o
l.
1
1
2
,
p
p
.
1
-
13
,
2
0
1
7
.
[1
3
]
Q.
F
a
n
,
J.
F
a
n
,
J.
L
i,
a
n
d
X
iao
f
a
n
g
W
a
n
g
,
“
A
M
u
lt
i
-
h
o
p
En
e
rg
y
-
e
ff
icie
n
t
S
lee
p
in
g
M
A
C
P
ro
t
o
c
o
l
b
a
se
d
o
n
T
DM
A
S
c
h
e
d
u
l
in
g
f
o
r
W
irele
ss
M
e
sh
S
e
n
so
r
Ne
tw
o
rk
s,”
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Ne
tw
o
rk
s
,
v
o
l.
7
,
n
o
.
9
,
2
0
1
2
.
[1
4
]
B.
S
a
n
sò
S
.
Bo
iard
i,
A
.
Ca
p
o
n
e
,
“
En
e
rg
y
Aw
a
re
P
lan
n
in
g
a
n
d
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
o
f
W
ir
e
les
s
M
e
sh
Ne
tw
o
rk
s,”
2
0
1
2
IEE
E
Glo
b
a
l
Co
mm
u
n
ica
t
io
n
s Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
(
GLOBE
COM
)
,
A
n
a
h
e
im
,
C
A
,
2012
,
p
p
.
3
0
4
9
-
3
0
5
5
.
[1
5
]
M
o
th
k
u
,
S
a
i
Kris
h
n
a
,
a
n
d
Ra
sh
m
i
Ra
n
jan
Ro
u
t,
"
A
d
a
p
ti
v
e
f
u
z
z
y
-
b
a
s
e
d
e
n
e
rg
y
a
n
d
d
e
lay
-
a
w
a
re
ro
u
ti
n
g
p
r
o
to
c
o
l
f
o
r
a
h
e
tero
g
e
n
e
o
u
s se
n
so
r
n
e
tw
o
rk
,
"
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o
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rn
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l
o
f
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o
mp
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ter
Ne
two
r
k
s a
n
d
Co
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
,
2
0
1
9
.
[1
6
]
A
.
C
a
p
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n
e
,
F
.
M
a
lan
d
ra
,
B.
S
a
n
sò
,
“
En
e
rg
y
S
a
v
in
g
s
in
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irele
ss
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e
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t
w
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rk
s
in
a
T
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m
e
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V
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ri
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b
le
Co
n
tex
t,
”
M
o
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e
Ne
two
rk
s a
n
d
Ap
p
li
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a
ti
o
n
s
,
v
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l.
1
7
,
n
o
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2
,
p
p
.
2
9
8
-
3
1
1
,
2
0
1
2
.
[1
7
]
S
.
M
a
m
e
c
h
a
o
u
i,
F
.
Di
d
i,
G
.
P
u
j
o
ll
e
,
“
A
S
u
rv
e
y
o
n
En
e
rg
y
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ici
e
n
c
y
f
o
r
W
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ss
M
e
sh
Ne
t
w
o
rk
,
”
In
ter
n
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ti
o
n
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l
J
o
u
rn
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l
o
f
Co
m
p
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ter
Ne
two
rk
s &
Co
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s (
IJ
CNC)
,
v
o
l.
5
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
1
0
5
-
1
2
4
,
2
0
1
3
.
[1
8
]
Am
o
k
ra
n
e
A
.
,
Lan
g
a
r
R.
,
Bo
u
tab
a
R.
,
P
u
jo
ll
e
G
.
B.
,
“
On
l
in
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f
lo
w
-
b
a
se
d
e
n
e
rg
y
e
ff
ici
e
n
t
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
in
w
irele
ss
m
e
sh
n
e
tw
o
rk
s,”
2
0
1
3
I
EE
E
Gl
o
b
a
l
Co
mm
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n
ica
ti
o
n
s Co
n
fer
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n
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e
(GLOBE
COM
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,
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n
ta,
GA
,
p
p
.
3
2
9
-
3
3
5
,
2
0
1
3
.
[1
9
]
Ag
u
il
a
r,
S
.
,
V
i
d
a
l,
R.
,
G
o
m
e
z
,
C
.
,
“
Op
p
o
rt
u
n
ist
ic
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e
n
so
r
Da
ta
Co
ll
e
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ti
o
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w
it
h
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e
to
o
t
h
L
o
w
En
e
rg
y
,
”
S
e
n
so
rs
,
v
o
l.
1
7
,
n
o
.
1
,
2
0
1
7
,
p
p
.
1
-
29
.
[2
0
]
H.
S
.
Ki
m
,
J.
Lee
,
a
n
d
J.
W
.
Ja
n
g
,
“
Ble
m
e
sh
:
A
w
ir
e
les
s
m
e
sh
n
e
t
wo
rk
p
ro
to
c
o
l
f
o
r
Blu
e
to
o
th
lo
w
e
n
e
rg
y
d
e
v
ice
s,”
in
2
0
1
5
3
rd
I
n
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
F
u
tu
re
I
n
ter
n
e
t
o
f
T
h
in
g
s
a
n
d
Cl
o
u
d
,
R
o
m
e
,
2
0
1
5
,
p
p
.
5
5
8
-
5
6
3
.
[2
1
]
L
.
L
e
o
n
a
rd
i,
G
.
P
a
tt
i,
a
n
d
L
.
L
.
Be
ll
o
,
“
M
u
lt
i
-
h
o
p
re
a
l
-
ti
m
e
c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
o
v
e
r
b
lu
e
to
o
th
lo
w
e
n
e
rg
y
in
d
u
strial
w
irele
ss
m
e
sh
n
e
tw
o
rk
s,”
IEE
E
A
c
c
e
ss
,
v
o
l.
6
,
p
p
.
2
6
5
05
-
2
6
5
1
9
,
2
0
1
8
.
[2
2
]
A
n
is Ou
n
i,
He
rv
é
Riv
a
n
o
,
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a
b
rice
V
a
lo
is,
Ca
th
e
rin
e
Ro
se
n
b
e
rg
,
“
En
e
rg
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n
d
T
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ro
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g
h
p
u
t
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im
iza
ti
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n
o
f
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irele
ss
M
e
sh
Ne
t
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o
rk
w
it
h
Co
n
ti
n
u
o
u
s
P
o
w
e
r
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n
tro
l,
”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
so
n
W
ire
les
s
Co
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s,
v
o
l.
1
4
,
n
o
.
2
,
pp.
1
1
3
1
-
1
1
4
2
,
2
0
1
5
.
[2
3
]
L
ia
ng
-
Bi
Ch
e
n
,
Bo
-
Ch
u
a
n
Ch
e
n
g
,
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u
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u
n
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n
g
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th
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rin
e
S
h
u
-
M
in
L
i,
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g
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Jo
u
T
a
n
g
,
“
An
e
ff
icie
n
t
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u
lt
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lera
n
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a
th
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in
d
i
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g
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lg
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m
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ro
v
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th
e
ro
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u
stn
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ss
o
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u
lt
ich
a
n
n
e
l
w
irele
ss
m
e
sh
n
e
tw
o
r
k
s
,”
2
0
1
6
IE
EE
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
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n
c
e
o
n
C
o
n
su
me
r E
lec
t
ro
n
ics
(
ICCE)
,
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a
s V
e
g
a
s,
NV
,
2
0
1
6
,
p
p
.
5
2
4
-
5
2
5
.
[2
4
]
Av
a
ll
o
n
e
S
.
a
n
d
t
Ba
n
c
h
s
A
.
,
“
A
Ch
a
n
n
e
l
A
ss
ig
n
m
e
n
t
a
n
d
Ro
u
ti
n
g
A
l
g
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rit
h
m
f
o
r
En
e
rg
y
Ha
r
v
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sti
n
g
M
u
lt
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ra
d
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o
W
i
r
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l
e
s
s
M
e
s
h
N
e
t
w
o
r
k
s
,
”
I
E
E
E
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
n
S
e
l
e
c
t
e
d
A
r
e
a
s
i
n
C
o
m
m
u
n
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
s
,
v
o
l
.
3
4
,
n
o
.
5
,
p
p
.
1463
-
1
4
7
6
,
2
0
1
6
.
[2
5
]
S.
P
.
S
h
iv
a
P
ra
k
a
sh
,
T
.
N.
Na
g
a
b
h
u
s
h
a
n
,
a
n
d
Kiri
ll
Kri
n
k
in
,
“
On
im
p
ro
v
in
g
e
n
e
rg
y
sa
v
in
g
in
IEE
E
8
0
2
.
1
1
s
w
irele
ss
m
e
sh
n
e
tw
o
rk
s
u
n
d
e
r
m
o
b
il
it
y
c
o
n
d
it
i
o
n
s,”
2
0
1
6
S
e
c
o
n
d
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
Co
g
n
it
ive
Co
mp
u
t
in
g
a
n
d
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
o
n
Pro
c
e
ss
i
n
g
(
CCIP)
,
M
y
so
re
,
2
0
1
6
,
p
p
.
1
-
6
.
B
I
O
G
RAP
H
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Ra
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M
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Un
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Ku
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s Co
m
p
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r
De
sig
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Dig
it
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l
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m
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e
sig
n
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r.
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I
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A
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so
r
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e
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o
rk
in
g
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.