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In
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2
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7
].
F
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2.
W
i
n
d t
u
r
bi
n
e
g
e
n
e
r
a
t
or
t
y
pe
4 [
8
]
T
h
e r
eact
i
o
n
o
f
w
i
n
d
g
en
er
at
o
r
s
t
o
f
au
l
t
s
o
ccu
r
r
i
n
g
o
n
t
h
e
HG
i
s
m
ai
n
l
y
d
et
er
m
i
n
ed
b
y
t
h
e
g
en
er
at
o
r
t
y
p
e
.
T
y
p
e
s
1
a
nd
2
r
e
s
p
o
nd
i
n a
s
i
m
i
l
a
r
w
a
y a
s
l
a
r
ge
i
nd
uc
t
i
o
n
m
a
c
hi
ne
s
us
e
d
i
n
i
nd
us
t
r
i
a
l
a
p
p
lic
a
tio
n
s
.
T
he
r
eact
i
o
n
o
f
T
yp
e
s
3 a
n
d 4 t
o gr
i
d f
a
u
l
t
s
i
s
de
t
e
r
m
i
n
e
d b
y
t
h
e
c
on
t
r
ol
of
t
h
e
w
i
n
d s
y
s
t
e
m
[
9]
.
M
a
ny
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
er
s
ha
ve
s
t
ud
i
e
d
t
he
i
m
p
a
c
t
o
f
d
i
s
t
r
i
b
ut
i
o
n ge
ne
r
a
t
i
o
n (
D
G
)
o
n t
he
F
L
o
f
ho
s
t
i
n
g
DN
.
M
o
s
t
s
t
u
d
i
es
co
n
d
u
ct
ed
t
h
e
r
es
ear
ch
o
n
cas
e s
t
u
d
i
es
,
b
ecau
s
e t
h
e D
G
i
m
p
act
i
s
n
o
t
g
en
er
i
c as
m
e
n
tio
n
e
d
e
a
r
lie
r
in
th
i
s
p
a
p
e
r
[
10]
.
P
r
e
s
e
n
t
s
a
s
t
u
d
y
of
e
f
f
e
c
t
of
hy
br
i
d P
V
-
W
T
o
n F
L
o
f
a
ve
r
y
s
i
m
p
l
e
ne
t
w
o
r
k
w
i
t
h o
ne
l
o
a
d
b
us
us
i
n
g s
i
m
p
l
e
m
o
d
e
l
s
f
o
r
t
he
s
t
ud
i
e
d
s
ys
t
e
m
;
t
he
F
L
o
f
t
he
DN
e
x
p
er
i
en
ced
3
7
%
i
n
cr
eas
e d
u
e t
o
c
o
n
n
ect
ed
D
G
.
T
h
e
a
na
l
ys
i
s
o
f
ne
t
w
o
r
k
s
t
r
e
n
gt
h a
t
t
he
p
o
i
nt
o
f
W
T
Gs
co
n
n
ect
i
o
n
(
P
C
C
)
an
d
a co
m
p
ar
i
s
o
n
o
f
W
T
Gs
t
o s
u
ppor
t
th
e
A
C
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
a
r
e
d
is
c
u
s
s
e
d
in
[
1
1
]
; th
e
s
y
s
te
m
m
o
d
e
lin
g
is
v
e
r
y
s
i
m
p
le
w
h
e
r
e
th
e
g
r
id
a
t P
C
C
is
r
e
p
r
e
s
e
nt
e
d
a
s
i
nf
i
ni
t
e
b
us
.
[
1
2
]
p
r
o
vi
d
e
s
a
n i
n
ve
s
t
i
ga
t
i
o
n
o
f
a
c
a
s
e
s
t
ud
y
ne
t
w
o
r
k (
s
m
a
l
l
gr
i
d
)
c
o
nc
e
r
ni
n
g
s
h
or
t
c
i
r
c
u
i
t
a
n
a
l
y
s
i
s
a
m
ong ot
h
e
r
pr
oc
e
s
s
e
s
w
i
t
h a
nd
w
i
t
ho
ut
D
G
s
us
i
n
g M
a
t
l
a
b
p
r
o
gr
a
m
;
a
ma
x
i
mu
m
i
n
cr
eas
e o
f
7
5
.
2
5
%
in
FL
h
as
b
een
r
eco
r
d
ed
w
h
e
n
D
G
s
ar
e p
l
aced
i
n
cer
t
ai
n
b
u
s
e
s
.
In
[1
3
]
,
t
he
F
L
co
n
t
r
i
b
u
t
i
o
n
s
o
f
d
i
f
f
er
en
t
W
T
G
s
f
o
r
f
a
u
l
t
s
at
t
h
e t
er
m
i
n
al
o
f
t
h
e g
e
n
er
at
o
r
w
h
er
e s
i
m
u
l
at
ed
u
s
i
n
g
s
i
m
p
l
if
ie
d
m
o
d
el
t
o
d
et
er
m
i
n
e F
L
c
h
ar
act
er
i
s
t
i
cs
f
o
r
s
y
m
m
et
r
i
cal
f
au
l
t
s
.
T
he
ma
i
n
o
b
j
e
c
tiv
e
o
f
th
is
p
a
p
e
r
is
u
s
in
g
th
e
G
e
r
m
a
n
s
i
m
u
la
tio
n
p
r
o
gr
a
m
P
o
w
e
r
F
a
c
t
o
r
y D
i
gS
i
l
e
nt
14.
0.
506
t
o
q
ua
nt
i
f
y t
he
i
m
p
a
c
t
o
f
i
nt
e
gr
a
t
i
n
g
WG
of
T
y
pe
s
1 a
n
d 4 i
nt
o t
h
e
DN
i
n
cas
e
o
f
b
al
an
ced
f
au
l
t
s
o
ccu
r
r
i
n
g
i
n
t
h
e
h
o
s
t
i
n
g
g
r
i
d
.
T
h
e i
m
p
act
w
i
l
l
b
e es
t
i
m
a
t
e
d
f
o
r
a t
y
p
i
cal
w
ea
k
DN
.
A
s
t
he
FL
(M
V
A
s
h
o
rt
ci
r
cu
i
t
cap
aci
t
y
)
i
s
an
i
n
d
i
cat
o
r
f
o
r
t
h
e “
g
r
i
d
s
t
r
e
n
g
t
h
” o
n
o
n
e h
an
d
an
d
an
i
m
p
o
r
t
a
n
t
f
i
g
u
r
e f
o
r
ci
r
cu
i
t
b
r
eak
er
(C
B
)
s
e
le
c
tio
n
o
n
t
he
o
t
he
r
h
a
nd
,
t
h
is
p
ap
er
ad
d
r
es
s
es
t
h
e i
n
f
l
u
e
n
ce o
n
t
h
e
FL
o
f
gr
i
d
b
u
s
e
s
,
i
n
ge
ne
r
a
l
,
a
nd
o
n t
he
FL
o
f
t
h
e
P
C
C
,
w
h
ic
h
i
s
th
e
g
r
id
p
o
in
t to
w
h
ic
h
W
T
is
c
o
n
n
e
c
te
d
i
n
p
a
r
tic
u
la
r
.
2.
S
I
M
P
L
E
RUL
E
S
F
O
R H
O
S
T
CAP
AC
I
T
Y O
F
W
I
ND G
E
NE
RAT
I
O
N
W
G
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
ar
e co
n
n
ect
ed
t
o
a
n
y
v
o
lta
g
e
le
v
e
l o
f
t
h
e
d
i
s
tr
ib
u
tio
n
s
y
s
te
m
.
T
h
is
v
o
lta
g
e
le
v
e
l is
m
a
i
nl
y d
e
t
e
r
m
i
ne
d
b
y t
he
co
n
n
ect
ed
W
P
(
H
o
s
t
cap
aci
t
y
)
.
F
o
r
a
c
e
r
ta
in
v
o
lta
g
e
le
v
e
l,
it
m
u
s
t
b
e
d
is
ti
n
g
u
i
s
h
e
d
b
e
t
w
e
e
n
P
CC o
n
t
he
ne
t
w
o
r
k
a
nd
P
C
C
o
n a
b
us
.
A
bout
f
i
ve
t
i
m
e
s
w
i
n
d c
a
pa
c
i
t
y
c
a
n
b
e
co
n
n
ect
ed
t
o
a b
u
s
r
e
la
tiv
e
to
th
a
t c
o
n
n
e
c
te
d
to
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
o
f
th
e
s
a
m
e
v
o
lta
g
e
le
v
e
l.
W
h
ile
s
m
a
ll d
is
tr
ib
u
te
d
W
T
s
y
s
te
m
s
u
p
to
5
0
kV
A
a
r
e
c
o
nne
c
t
e
d
t
o
l
o
w
vo
l
t
a
ge
ne
t
w
o
r
k,
w
i
nd
uni
t
s
o
f
5
0
-
2
5
0
k
V
A
cap
aci
t
y
ar
e c
on
ne
c
t
e
d t
o l
o
w
v
ol
t
a
ge
b
u
se
s
.
T
he
vo
l
t
a
g
e
le
v
e
ls
u
s
e
d
in
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
s
y
s
te
m
s
a
r
e
: lo
w
v
o
lta
g
e
(
L
V
<
1
kV
)
,
m
e
d
i
u
m
vo
l
t
a
ge
(1
k
V<
M
V<
5
0
kV
)
,
a
nd
hi
g
h vo
l
t
a
ge
(
5
0
<
H
V
<
1
3
0
)
.
T
h
e ex
act
v
al
u
es
o
f
v
o
l
t
a
g
e l
e
v
el
s
d
i
f
f
er
f
r
o
m
co
u
n
t
r
y
t
o
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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t
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c
ou
n
t
r
y
[
14]
.
S
o
m
e r
eco
m
m
e
n
d
ed
ap
p
r
o
x
i
m
at
e r
u
l
es
ar
e
u
s
ed
i
n
s
o
m
e
c
o
u
n
tr
ie
s
f
o
r
e
s
ti
m
a
tio
n
o
f
D
G
h
o
s
t
c
a
p
a
c
it
y
in
te
r
m
s
o
f
d
is
tr
ib
u
ti
o
n
s
y
s
te
m
v
o
lta
g
e
le
v
e
l
s
.
H
o
w
e
v
e
r
,
a
d
d
itio
n
a
l c
a
lc
u
la
tio
n
s
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
e
d
t
o
ch
eck
t
h
e v
al
i
d
i
t
y
o
f
t
h
es
e
s
i
m
p
l
e r
u
l
e
s
f
o
r
t
h
e
s
t
u
d
i
ed
cas
e.
T
a
b
l
e 1
s
h
o
w
s
s
o
m
e o
f
t
h
e r
u
l
es
t
h
at
ar
e u
s
e
d.
T
ab
l
e 1
.
D
es
i
g
n
R
ul
e
s
f
o
r
H
o
s
t
C
ap
aci
t
y
i
n
D
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
S
y
st
e
m
s
[
9,
14
]
V
o
l
t
a
g
e L
ev
el
H
o
s
t
C
ap
ac
i
t
y
L
V
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
(
4
0
0
V
)
5
0
k
V
A
L
V
B
u
s
(
4
0
0
V
)
2
0
0
-
2
50
k
V
A
MV
n
e
tw
o
r
k
2
-
5
M
VA
M
V
Bu
s
1
0
-
4
0
M
V
A
HV
U
p
t
o
1
0
0
M
V
A
A
n
al
t
er
n
at
i
v
e
s
i
m
p
l
e ap
p
r
o
ach
t
o
d
eci
d
i
n
g
i
f
a
D
G
m
a
y
b
e co
n
n
ec
t
ed
i
s
t
o
r
eq
u
i
r
e t
h
at
t
h
e
t
h
r
ee
-
p
ha
s
e
s
ho
r
t
-
c
ir
c
u
i
t le
v
e
l (
F
L
)
a
t P
C
C
is
a
m
i
n
i
m
u
m
m
u
lt
ip
le
o
f
th
e
D
G
r
a
tin
g
,
m
e
a
n
i
n
g
D
G
r
a
tin
g
=
F
L
/
M
u
l
t
i
pl
e
.
M
ul
t
i
pl
e
a
s
h
i
g
h
a
s
20 or
25
h
a
s
be
e
n
r
e
qu
i
r
e
d f
or
W
T
s
/
w
i
n
d f
a
r
m
s
i
n
s
o
m
e
c
ou
nt
r
i
e
s
,
b
u
t
ag
ai
n
t
h
es
e
s
i
m
p
l
e
ap
p
r
o
a
ch
es
ar
e
v
er
y
co
n
s
er
v
at
i
v
e.
S
o
m
e
s
t
u
d
i
es
s
u
g
g
es
t
a
m
i
n
i
m
u
m
m
u
l
t
i
p
l
e
o
f
≥
5
0
[
15]
.
M
a
x
i
m
i
z
i
n
g of
W
G
a
c
c
om
m
oda
t
i
on c
a
n be
pe
r
f
o
r
m
e
d b
y
m
e
a
n
s
of
m
a
t
h
e
m
a
t
i
c
a
l
pr
og
r
a
m
m
i
n
g
te
c
h
n
iq
u
e
s
a
n
d
g
e
n
e
tic
a
l
g
o
r
ith
m
s
a
lo
n
g
s
id
e
f
u
lf
i
lli
n
g
te
c
h
n
i
cal
r
eq
u
i
r
e
m
en
t
s
as
l
o
s
s
es
a
n
d
F
L
s
[
1
6
]
.
T
h
e i
n
t
er
f
ace
i
n
v
er
t
er
s
u
s
ed
i
n
m
o
d
er
n
W
T
ar
e p
u
l
s
e
w
i
d
t
h
m
o
d
u
l
at
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F
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r
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t,
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nve
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)
[
1
7
]
.
T
h
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q
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]
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[
18]
.
R
a
th
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r
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a
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tio
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us
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r
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on
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a
s
w
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l
[
19]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
In
t
J
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p
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n
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I
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2088
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8708
W
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2685
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2
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0.
50
6 [
22]
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T
h
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[
22
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23
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T
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I
SSN
:
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8708
In
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I
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