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i
t
co
n
s
i
s
t
s
o
f
a p
ai
r
o
f
i
d
e
n
t
i
cal
q
u
ad
r
at
u
r
e d
ev
i
ce
s
w
h
i
c
h
i
s
s
p
eci
f
i
c t
o
b
al
a
n
ced
a
m
p
l
i
f
i
er
s
.
T
h
er
e ar
e
m
an
y
t
y
p
e
s
o
f
3
d
B
co
u
p
l
er
s
,
s
o
m
e
o
f
t
h
e
m
ar
e l
an
g
e
co
u
p
l
er
,
d
i
r
ect
i
o
n
al
co
u
p
l
er
an
d
b
r
an
c
h
l
i
n
e
co
u
p
l
er
.
G
en
er
al
l
y
,
m
i
cr
o
w
a
v
e t
r
an
s
i
s
t
o
r
s
u
s
ed
t
o
d
es
i
g
n
b
r
o
ad
b
an
d
am
p
l
i
f
i
er
s
ar
e n
o
t
w
e
l
l
m
at
c
h
ed
.
I
n
f
act
,
a
w
i
d
e
r
b
a
nd
w
i
d
t
h c
a
n b
e
o
b
t
a
i
ne
d
t
o
t
he
d
e
t
r
i
m
e
nt
o
f
t
he
g
a
i
n a
nd
t
he
c
o
m
p
l
e
xi
t
y
.
T
hus
,
t
he
c
o
nc
e
p
t
i
o
n o
f a
c
i
r
c
u
i
t
ba
s
e
d o
n
t
w
o a
m
pl
i
f
i
e
r
s
h
a
v
i
n
g a
c
ou
pl
e
r
a
t
t
h
e
i
r
i
npu
t
a
n
d o
u
t
pu
t
pr
ov
i
de
a
g
ood a
da
pt
a
t
i
on
ov
e
r
a
w
i
de
ba
n
d
f
r
e
qu
e
n
c
y
.
T
h
e
ba
l
a
n
c
e
d a
m
pl
i
f
i
e
r
t
opol
ogy
i
s
s
h
o
w
n i
n
F
i
g
u
r
e
1.
F
i
gu
r
e
1.
C
i
r
c
u
i
t
t
opol
ogy
o
f
t
h
e
ba
l
a
n
c
e
d L
N
A
2.
1.
D
e
s
i
gn
of
3
-
dB
Q
ua
dr
a
t
ur
e
C
o
upl
e
r
s
F
o
r
t
h
e b
al
an
ced
a
m
p
l
i
f
i
er
t
o
p
o
l
o
g
y
,
t
h
e 3
d
B
q
u
ad
r
at
u
r
e co
u
p
l
er
s
u
s
ed
h
er
e ar
e b
r
an
ch
l
i
n
e
co
u
p
l
er
s
.
T
h
e 9
0
°
h
y
b
r
i
d
s
u
s
e
d
i
r
ect
l
y
co
n
n
ect
ed
ci
r
c
u
i
t
el
e
m
e
n
t
s
an
d
can
b
e i
m
p
l
e
m
en
t
ed
ei
t
h
er
u
s
i
n
g
a d
i
s
t
r
i
b
u
t
e
d
a
ppr
oa
c
h
or
l
um
pe
d e
l
e
m
e
n
t
s
[
2]
.
T
h
e
s
e
3dB
hy
br
i
d c
ou
pl
e
r
s
di
v
i
de
t
h
e
i
n
pu
t
R
F
s
i
gn
a
l
i
n
t
o
t
w
o
s
i
gn
a
l
s
h
av
i
n
g
s
a
m
e p
o
w
er
an
d
9
0
°
p
h
as
e s
h
i
f
t
[
3
]
.
D
i
r
ect
i
o
n
al
co
u
p
l
er
s
ar
e ch
ar
act
er
i
zed
b
y
t
h
r
e
e p
ar
am
et
er
s
:
C
o
up
l
i
ng:
C
d
B
=
1
0
L
og
(
P
1
P
3
)
(1
)
D
ir
e
c
tiv
it
y
:
D
d
B
=
1
0
L
og
(
P
3
P
4
)
(2
)
I
s
o
la
tio
n
:
I
d
B
=
1
0
L
og
(
P
1
P
4
)
(3
)
S
i
ng
l
e
s
e
c
t
i
on br
a
n
c
h l
i
n
e
c
ou
pl
e
r
h
a
s
a
s
h
or
t
ba
n
d
w
i
dt
h
[
10
-
2
0
%
].
In
o
rd
e
r t
o
i
n
c
re
a
s
e
t
h
e
b
an
d
w
i
d
t
h
,
s
e
v
er
al
s
ect
i
o
n
s
can
b
e cas
cad
ed
[
4
]
.
B
y
u
s
i
n
g
m
u
l
t
i
s
ect
i
o
n
co
u
p
l
er
,
t
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce o
f
t
h
e
co
u
p
l
er
can
b
e i
m
p
r
o
v
e
d
[5
].
I
n t
hi
s
d
e
s
i
g
n,
t
he
t
w
o
-
s
ect
i
o
n
b
r
an
c
h
l
i
n
e co
u
p
l
er
i
s
ad
o
p
t
ed
f
o
r
t
h
e
c
o
nve
ni
e
nc
e
o
f
d
e
s
i
g
n a
nd
i
m
p
l
e
m
e
nt
a
t
i
o
n.
A
s
c
a
n b
e
s
e
e
n
i
n F
i
g
ur
e
2
,
t
he
ke
y
d
i
m
e
ns
i
o
n o
f
t
he
p
r
e
s
e
nt
e
d
hy
br
i
d c
ou
pl
e
r
i
s
c
o
m
pos
e
d of
t
h
r
e
e
un
i
f
or
m
i
m
pe
da
n
c
e
s
,
,
an
d
el
ect
r
i
cal
l
en
g
t
h
s
.
T
h
o
s
e p
ar
am
et
er
s
co
u
l
d
b
e
cal
cu
l
at
ed
b
as
ed
o
n
co
m
p
u
t
ed
v
al
u
e
s
o
f
t
h
e
ev
e
n
-
a
n
d odd
-
m
ode
i
m
p
ed
an
ces
a
n
d
ef
f
ect
i
v
e d
i
el
ect
r
i
c co
n
s
t
a
n
t
s
u
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
as
s
u
m
p
t
i
o
n
o
f
co
u
p
l
ed
m
i
cr
o
-
s
tr
ip
lin
e
s
.
T
h
e
s
i
m
ul
a
t
e
d
r
e
s
u
l
t
s
o
f
t
he
b
r
a
nc
h l
i
ne
c
o
up
l
e
r
a
r
e
s
ho
w
n
i
n
F
i
gur
e
3
.
O
ve
r
t
he
b
a
nd
[
9
-
13]
G
H
z
i
t
i
s
obs
e
r
v
e
d
t
h
at
t
h
e i
s
o
l
at
i
o
n
an
d
r
ef
l
ect
i
o
n
co
ef
f
i
ci
en
t
s
h
o
w
b
et
t
er
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
w
i
t
h
S
p
ar
am
et
er
s
am
p
l
i
t
u
d
e b
el
o
w
–
28
d
B
.
T
h
e am
p
l
i
t
u
d
e o
f
t
h
e co
u
p
l
ed
co
ef
f
i
ci
e
n
t
i
s
o
n
t
h
e o
r
d
er
o
f
-
3.
5 dB
[
6
]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
In
t
J
E
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e
c
&
C
o
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p
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I
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F
i
gu
r
e
3.
S
-
pa
r
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t
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f
t
h
e
pr
op
os
e
d
w
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de
-
ba
n
d c
ou
pl
e
r
:
S
11,
S
21,
S
3
1 a
n
d S
41
2.
2.
Th
e
I
m
p
ed
a
n
ce M
a
t
ch
i
n
g
N
et
w
o
rk
T
he
p
ur
p
o
s
e
o
f
a
d
d
i
ng t
he
m
a
t
c
hi
ng
ne
t
w
o
r
k t
o
t
he
s
ys
t
e
m
i
s
t
o
p
r
o
vi
d
e
a
n o
p
t
i
m
u
m
r
e
t
ur
n l
o
s
s
a
nd
a b
et
t
er
n
o
i
s
e f
i
g
u
r
e.
B
ei
n
g
a l
o
w
-
n
o
i
s
e h
i
g
h
g
ai
n
s
t
a
g
e,
ex
t
r
e
m
e car
e i
s
n
eed
ed
t
o
s
t
ab
i
l
i
ze
t
h
e d
ev
i
ce
w
i
t
h
o
u
t
co
m
p
r
o
m
i
s
i
n
g
N
F
.
Mat
ch
i
n
g
n
et
w
o
r
k
w
as
p
l
aced
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
m
i
cr
o
w
av
e
t
r
an
s
i
s
t
o
r
a
n
d
c
o
u
p
l
er
t
o
m
a
x
i
m
i
ze
p
o
w
er
t
r
an
s
f
er
e
n
ce as
i
t
i
s
r
e
p
r
es
en
t
ed
o
n
F
i
g
ur
e
4.
T
he
m
a
t
c
hi
ng
b
l
o
c
k
w
a
s
d
e
s
i
gne
d
b
y t
he
q
ua
r
t
e
r
w
a
ve
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
e
r
a
n
d
w
ill
h
a
v
e
a
lo
t to
s
ta
y
f
o
r
t
h
e
b
a
n
d
w
id
th
[
7
]
.
F
i
g
u
r
e 4
.
B
al
an
ced
L
N
A
co
n
f
i
gur
a
t
i
o
n
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SSN
:
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8708
In
t
J
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8
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5
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2776
2.
3.
S
t
a
b
ilit
y
D
e
si
g
n
T
h
e
r
e
a
r
e
t
w
o
t
y
p
e
s
o
f
s
ta
b
ili
t
y
n
a
m
e
l
y
u
n
c
o
n
d
itio
n
a
l
s
ta
b
ili
t
y
a
n
d
c
o
n
d
itio
n
a
l
s
ta
b
ilit
y
.
C
o
n
d
itio
n
a
l
s
t
ab
i
l
i
t
y
i
n
a
m
p
l
i
f
i
er
o
ccu
r
s
w
h
en
K
<1
an
d
s
t
ab
i
l
i
t
y
d
ep
en
d
s
o
n
s
o
u
r
ce an
d
l
o
ad
t
er
m
i
n
at
i
o
n
.
I
t
can
k
eep
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h
e
s
y
s
te
m
s
ta
b
le
f
o
r
a cer
t
ai
n
r
an
g
e o
f
s
o
u
r
ce a
n
d
l
o
ad
i
m
p
ed
an
ces
[
3
]
.
T
o
t
h
e co
n
t
r
ar
y
,
t
h
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n
co
n
d
i
t
i
o
n
a
l
s
t
ab
i
l
i
t
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a
m
p
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f
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er
o
ccu
r
s
w
h
en
K
>=1
,
en
s
u
r
es
t
h
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e
t
w
o
r
k
t
o
b
e s
t
ab
l
e f
o
r
al
l
s
o
u
r
ce an
d
l
o
ad
i
m
p
ed
an
ces
.
F
or
pr
o
pe
r
w
or
k
i
ng
of
l
o
w
n
oi
s
e
a
m
pl
i
f
i
e
r
,
t
h
e
de
s
i
gn
e
r
s
h
o
u
ld
h
a
v
e
a
n
u
n
c
o
n
d
itio
n
a
l s
ta
b
ilit
y
[
3
]
.
T
h
e
s
t
ab
i
l
i
t
y
f
act
o
r
,
`
K
’
i
s
cal
c
u
l
at
ed
o
v
er
a f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
b
a
n
d
b
y
u
s
i
n
g
t
h
e eq
u
at
i
o
n
:
=
+
|
−
|
−
|
|
−
|
|
|
|
(4
)
3.
S
I
M
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LA
TIO
N
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ED
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T
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f
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n
F
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gur
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5
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d
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D
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s
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.
T
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e s
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ect
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s
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E
M
T
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s
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r
(
A
F
P
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2
-
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of
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I
nd
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a
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n
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w
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opt
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pe
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e 1
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gn
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1
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ta
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e
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c
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4.
RE
S
U
L
T
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AND AN
AL
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I
S
T
h
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ar
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o
u
s
s
i
m
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l
at
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o
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t
er
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ar
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ed
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ed
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N
A
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en
t
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h
e
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m
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l
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o
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o
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1
G
H
z f
r
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en
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t
ai
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l
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w
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ch
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s
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n
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he
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e
l
o
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s
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he
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nt
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r
i
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a
t
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n r
e
s
ul
t
s
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ga
i
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i
np
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nd
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p
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t
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o
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a
m
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in
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ig
u
r
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s
6
,
7
an
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8
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v
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
In
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o
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12)
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e
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ue
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ge
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n t
he
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ur
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13]
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1
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nput
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put
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S
ta
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i
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ty
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ta
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F
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c
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h
e
s
ta
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ilit
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th
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a
n
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m
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w
h
i
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s
4
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4
f
r
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m
t
he
s
i
m
ul
a
t
i
o
n r
e
s
ul
t
o
n F
i
gur
e
8.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SSN
:
20
88
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8708
In
t
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E
l
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p
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V
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8
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F
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8
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ilit
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4.
4.
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o
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p
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s
on
T
a
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le
2
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s
tr
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te
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h
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m
m
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th
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s
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m
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tio
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lts
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th
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N
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p
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s
co
m
p
ar
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w
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t
h
t
h
e p
er
f
o
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an
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f
o
t
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w
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s
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m
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m
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n
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[
8
]
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g
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7
.
5
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-
1
2
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0
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[
9
]
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CO
NCL
U
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I
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N
T
h
e ci
r
cu
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t
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cl
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s
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w
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t
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al
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ced
a
m
p
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f
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er
s
t
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ct
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r
e a
n
d
s
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m
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ed
us
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s
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D
S
t
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t
hi
g
h
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l
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e
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nc
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t
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l
s
t
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
.
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r
o
m
a
b
o
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s
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m
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la
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n
r
e
s
u
lts
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s
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le
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r
th
a
t L
N
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is
u
n
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itio
n
al
s
t
ab
l
e,
t
h
e r
es
u
l
t
s
o
b
t
ai
n
ed
h
av
e ac
h
i
ev
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t
h
e
r
e
q
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m
e
n
t
s
t
ha
t
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n s
e
t
.
T
he
ga
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s
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B
,
i
np
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m
a
t
c
hi
ng (
S
1
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nd
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ut
m
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t
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hi
n
g (
S
2
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)
p
ar
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s
ar
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el
o
w
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33dB
.
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h
i
s
l
o
w
n
oi
s
e
a
m
pl
i
f
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e
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s
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a
pa
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m
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n
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e
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t
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GHz
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d
1
3
G
H
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h
at
can
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e u
s
ed
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s
s
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w
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ect
r
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m
o
f
m
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l
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t
ar
y
a
n
d
r
ad
ar
ap
p
l
i
cat
i
o
n
s
.
R
EF
ER
EN
C
ES
[
1]
D.
K.
M
i
sr
a
,
R
a
d
i
o
-
F
r
e
que
nc
y
a
nd M
i
c
r
ow
a
v
e
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o
m
m
uni
c
a
t
i
on C
i
r
c
ui
t
s
;
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na
l
y
s
i
s
a
nd D
e
s
i
g
n,
s
e
c
ond e
di
t
i
on.
,
W
ile
y
-
B
l
a
ck
w
el
l
,
(
E
d
.
,
C
an
ad
a:
J
o
h
n
W
i
l
e
y
&
S
o
ns
,
I
nc
.
,
H
ob
ok
e
n,
N
e
w
J
e
r
s
e
y
,
2004)
.
[
2]
F
r
a
nç
oi
s
de
D
i
e
ul
e
v
e
ul
t
,
O
l
i
v
i
e
r
R
om
a
i
n,
E
l
e
c
t
r
oni
que
a
ppl
i
qué
e
a
ux
ha
ut
e
s
f
r
é
que
nc
e
s
,
(
2è
m
e
é
di
t
i
o
n,
P
a
r
i
s
,
D
uno
d,
20
08)
.
[
3]
D
.
M
.
P
oz
a
r
,
M
i
c
r
ow
a
ve
E
ng
i
ne
e
r
i
ng
,
(
3 e
di
t
i
on,
N
e
w
y
or
k
:
J
ohnW
i
l
e
y
&
S
ons
,
I
nc
.
,
20
11)
.
[
4]
S
.
K
um
a
r
,
C
.
T
a
nno
us
,
a
n
d T
.
D
a
ns
hi
n,
“
A
m
ul
t
i
s
e
c
t
i
on
br
oa
dba
nd
i
m
pe
da
nc
e
t
r
a
ns
f
or
m
i
ng
br
a
n
c
h
-
l
i
ne
hy
br
i
d,
”
I
E
E
E
T
r
a
n
s
. M
i
c
r
o
w
. T
h
e
o
r
y
T
e
c
h
., v
o
l
. 4
3
,
n
o
. 1
1
,
p
p
. 2
5
1
7
–
2
52
3,
N
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