I
nte
rna
t
io
na
l J
o
urna
l o
f
E
lect
rica
l a
nd
Co
m
p
ute
r
E
ng
in
ee
ring
(
I
J
E
CE
)
Vo
l.
9
,
No
.
4
,
A
u
g
u
s
t
201
9
,
p
p
.
2
8
2
2
~
2
8
3
0
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8708
,
DOI
: 1
0
.
1
1
5
9
1
/
i
j
ec
e
.
v
9
i
4
.
p
p
2
8
2
2
-
2830
2822
J
o
ur
na
l ho
m
ep
a
g
e
:
h
ttp
:
//ia
e
s
co
r
e
.
co
m/
jo
u
r
n
a
ls
/in
d
ex
.
p
h
p
/
I
JE
C
E
Feas
ibility
s
tu
dy
o
f
a
chiev
ing
r
elia
ble
e
lec
trici
ty
s
up
ply
u
sing
h
y
brid
p
o
w
er
s
y
st
e
m
f
o
r
r
ura
l
p
ri
ma
ry
s
cho
o
ls in Ira
q:
A
c
a
se
s
tu
dy
w
ith
U
mm
Q
a
sr
p
ri
ma
ry
s
cho
o
l
H
us
s
a
m
M
.
Al
m
u
kh
t
a
r
1
,
Z
a
i
d H
.
Al
-
T
a
m
ee
m
i
2
,
K
a
rr
a
r
M
.
Al
-
Anba
ry
3
,
M
o
ha
mm
ed
K
.
Abba
s
4
,
H
un
g
-
Ya
o
H
s
u
5
,
Da
ly
a
H
.
Al
-
M
a
m
o
o
ri
6
1
M
id
d
le Ref
in
e
ries
,
Ka
rb
a
la Re
f
in
e
ry
,
M
in
istry
o
f
Oil
,
Ira
q
,
Ira
q
Aw
sa
t
T
e
c
h
n
ica
l
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
-
F
u
ra
t
A
l
-
Al
2,
6
3
W
a
rit
h
A
l
-
A
n
b
iy
a
a
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
,
I
ra
q
4
Oil
M
a
rk
e
ti
n
g
C
o
m
p
a
n
y
S
OMO,
M
in
istry
o
f
Oil
,
Ira
q
5
Un
iv
e
rsity
o
f
S
o
u
th
A
u
stra
li
a
,
Au
stra
li
a
,
A
u
stra
li
a
Art
icle
I
nfo
AB
ST
RAC
T
A
r
ticle
his
to
r
y:
R
ec
eiv
ed
Sep
16
,
2
0
1
8
R
ev
i
s
ed
Mar
2
6
,
2
0
1
9
A
cc
ep
ted
A
p
r
3
,
2
0
1
9
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
p
o
w
e
r
is
c
o
n
sid
e
re
d
a
s
a
si
g
n
if
ic
a
n
t
p
a
rt
o
f
c
o
n
tem
p
o
ra
ry
li
f
e
,
a
n
d
a
n
e
ss
e
n
ti
a
l
e
le
m
e
n
t
f
o
r
d
e
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t.
F
o
ss
il
f
u
e
ls
h
a
v
e
b
e
e
n
u
ti
li
z
e
d
sin
c
e
th
e
b
e
g
in
n
in
g
o
f
th
e
tw
e
n
ti
e
th
c
e
n
tu
ry
f
o
r
e
lec
tri
c
it
y
g
e
n
e
ra
ti
o
n
.
Ho
w
e
v
e
r,
f
o
ss
il
f
u
e
ls
d
e
p
letio
n
a
t
t
h
e
e
sc
a
latin
g
p
a
c
e
a
s
we
ll
a
s
th
e
ir
f
o
r
m
id
a
b
le
n
e
g
a
ti
v
e
i
m
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
u
p
o
n
e
c
o
sy
ste
m
c
o
n
tri
b
u
ted
t
o
in
c
re
a
sin
g
in
tere
st
in
h
a
rn
e
ss
in
g
re
n
e
w
a
b
le
e
n
e
r
g
y
so
u
rc
e
s
f
o
r
p
ro
d
u
c
i
n
g
e
lec
tri
c
p
o
we
r
to
m
e
e
t
th
e
g
ro
w
in
g
d
e
m
a
n
d
w
o
rld
w
id
e
.
In
Ira
q
,
th
e
e
lec
tri
c
a
l
su
p
p
ly
is
n
o
t
su
f
f
ici
e
n
t
to
su
p
p
ly
1
2
h
o
u
rs
a
d
a
y
o
f
e
lec
tri
c
it
y
.
M
a
n
y
ru
ra
l
a
re
a
s,
p
a
rti
c
u
larly
th
e
ir
sc
h
o
o
ls
a
re
su
f
fe
rin
g
f
ro
m
th
e
e
lec
tri
c
it
y
sh
o
rtag
e
su
c
h
a
s
U
m
m
Qa
sr
P
rim
a
r
y
S
c
h
o
o
l
th
a
t
lo
c
a
ted
2
0
k
m
a
w
a
y
f
ro
m
th
e
c
it
y
c
e
n
tre
o
f
K
a
rb
a
la
c
it
y
in
t
h
e
m
id
d
le
o
f
Ira
q
.
In
o
rd
e
r
to
o
v
e
rc
o
m
e
th
is
issu
e
,
th
is
p
a
p
e
r
p
ro
p
o
se
s
a
h
y
b
rid
sy
ste
m
w
h
ich
re
li
e
s
o
n
re
n
e
wa
b
le
re
so
u
rc
e
s
a
n
d
th
e
lo
c
a
l
g
rid
t
o
e
lec
tri
fy
U
m
m
Qa
sr
P
rim
a
r
y
S
c
h
o
o
l.
V
a
rio
u
s
c
o
m
b
in
a
ti
o
n
s
o
f
e
n
e
rg
y
re
so
u
rc
e
s
h
a
v
e
b
e
e
n
a
n
a
ly
s
e
d
b
y
u
sin
g
HO
M
ER
so
f
t
w
a
re
to
e
stim
a
te
a
n
o
p
ti
m
u
m
h
y
b
rid
s
y
ste
m
.
T
h
e
a
n
a
l
y
sis
il
lu
stra
tes
th
a
t
th
e
o
p
ti
m
a
l
c
o
n
f
ig
u
ra
ti
o
n
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
jec
ted
sy
ste
m
is
c
o
m
p
o
se
d
o
f
2
2
.
4
kW
P
V
m
o
d
u
les
,
5
9
b
a
tt
e
ries
,
a
n
d
5
7
3
8
k
W
h
p
u
rc
h
a
se
d
f
ro
m
th
e
lo
c
a
l
g
rid
w
h
ich
h
a
s
re
d
u
c
e
d
th
e
n
e
t
p
re
se
n
t
c
o
st(NP
C)f
ro
m
US$
1
6
3
7
9
1
th
e
c
u
rre
n
t
s
it
u
a
t
io
n
to
US$
6
0
,
4
2
0
f
o
r
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
se
d
s
y
ste
m
.
T
h
e
si
m
u
latio
n
f
in
d
in
g
s
a
lso
d
e
m
o
n
stra
te
th
a
t
d
e
tri
m
e
n
tal
e
m
i
s
sio
n
s
h
a
v
e
b
e
e
n
re
d
u
c
e
d
sig
n
if
ica
n
tl
y
.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
s
:
E
m
is
s
io
n
r
ed
u
ctio
n
HOM
E
R
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
H
y
b
r
id
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
s
I
r
aq
i sch
o
o
l e
lectr
if
icatio
n
P
V
p
an
els
Co
p
y
rig
h
t
©
2
0
1
9
In
stit
u
te o
f
A
d
v
a
n
c
e
d
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
S
c
ien
c
e
.
Al
l
rig
h
ts re
se
rv
e
d
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
Hu
s
s
a
m
M.
A
l
m
u
k
h
tar
,
Mid
d
le
R
ef
i
n
er
ies,
Naj
af
R
e
f
i
n
er
y
,
Min
i
s
tr
y
o
f
O
il
,
I
r
aq
.
E
m
ail:
A
l
m
h
y
0
0
5
@
m
y
m
ail.
u
n
is
a.
ed
u
.
a
u
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
T
h
e
r
ap
id
d
ep
letio
n
o
f
f
o
s
s
il
f
u
e
ls
,
t
h
e
d
eg
r
ad
atio
n
o
f
b
io
p
h
y
s
ical
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
tal,
a
n
d
t
h
e
g
r
o
w
i
n
g
n
ee
d
f
o
r
elec
tr
icit
y
h
as
m
o
ti
v
ated
in
ter
est
i
n
th
e
u
til
is
atio
n
o
f
r
en
e
w
ab
le
en
er
g
y
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
ies.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
i
s
tr
en
d
cr
ea
tes
g
lo
b
al
a
w
ar
e
n
es
s
to
w
ar
d
s
ad
o
p
tin
g
r
en
e
w
a
b
le
en
er
g
y
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
to
m
ee
t
t
h
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
d
em
an
d
an
d
m
iti
g
ate
t
h
e
i
m
p
ac
ts
o
n
th
e
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
[
1
]
.
A
lth
o
u
g
h
m
a
n
y
co
u
n
tr
ie
s
h
a
v
e
f
u
l
f
ill
ed
th
e
in
cr
ea
s
es
o
f
en
er
g
y
d
e
m
an
d
s
b
y
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
th
eir
elec
tr
icit
y
g
en
er
atio
n
ca
p
ac
it
y
,
t
h
er
e
ar
e
s
till
co
u
n
tr
ies
s
u
f
f
er
i
n
g
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
s
h
o
r
tag
e
o
f
r
eliab
le
elec
tr
icit
y
f
o
r
a
n
o
r
m
a
l
lif
e
a
n
d
d
ail
y
a
ctiv
itie
s
[1
-
5]
.
I
n
I
r
aq
,
th
e
g
o
v
er
n
m
e
n
t
h
a
s
f
ac
ed
d
if
f
ic
u
lt
ies
w
i
th
m
ee
tin
g
t
h
e
n
ec
es
s
ar
y
d
e
m
an
d
s
i
n
ce
1
9
9
2
[
6
]
.
A
lth
o
u
g
h
co
n
s
id
er
ab
le
ef
f
o
r
ts
h
av
e
b
ee
n
m
ad
e
to
s
o
lv
e
th
is
p
r
o
b
le
m
,
t
h
e
s
u
p
p
lied
p
o
w
er
f
o
r
th
e
I
r
aq
i
co
n
s
u
m
er
is
les
s
t
h
a
n
ei
g
h
t
h
o
u
r
s
a
d
a
y
[
7
]
.
C
o
n
s
eq
u
en
tl
y
,
a
h
y
b
r
id
p
o
w
e
r
s
y
s
te
m
b
ased
o
n
r
e
n
e
w
ab
le
en
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
s
,
i
n
clu
d
i
n
g
t
h
e
w
in
d
,
s
o
lar
,
an
d
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8708
F
ea
s
ib
ilit
y
s
tu
d
y
o
f a
ch
ievin
g
r
elia
b
le
elec
tr
i
city
s
u
p
p
ly
u
s
in
g
h
yb
r
id
p
o
w
e
r
.
..
(
Hu
s
s
a
m
M.
A
lmu
kh
ta
r
)
2823
o
th
er
s
,
ca
n
b
e
a
p
o
ten
tial
s
o
l
u
tio
n
to
m
i
tig
a
te
t
h
e
p
r
o
b
le
m
o
f
elec
tr
ical
o
u
tag
e
f
o
r
co
m
m
u
n
itie
s
,
s
c
h
o
o
ls
,
a
n
d
h
o
u
s
e
h
o
l
d
er
s
[
7
]
.
I
n
d
ee
d
,
I
r
aq
h
a
s
a
h
i
g
h
a
n
n
u
al
a
m
o
u
n
t
o
f
s
o
lar
ir
r
ad
iatio
n
[
8
]
.
C
o
n
s
eq
u
en
tl
y
,
t
h
is
p
o
ten
tial
en
er
g
y
r
eso
u
r
ce
ca
n
b
e
w
id
el
y
h
ar
n
es
s
ed
i
n
ed
u
ca
t
io
n
al
f
a
cilities
s
u
ch
as
s
ch
o
o
ls
,
e
s
p
ec
iall
y
in
r
e
m
o
te
a
n
d
r
u
r
al
ar
ea
s
.
Su
b
s
ta
n
tial
r
esea
r
ch
es
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
u
n
d
er
tak
e
n
in
to
s
izi
n
g
h
y
b
r
id
s
o
lar
-
w
in
d
s
y
s
te
m
s
to
m
ee
t
g
r
o
w
i
n
g
d
e
m
a
n
d
w
o
r
ld
w
id
e.
Fu
r
t
h
er
m
o
r
e,
th
er
e
ar
e
s
cie
n
ti
f
ic
a
n
d
s
y
s
te
m
atic
m
e
th
o
d
s
t
h
at
co
u
ld
b
e
u
s
ed
f
o
r
th
e
ai
m
o
f
o
p
ti
m
i
s
i
n
g
h
y
b
r
id
s
y
s
te
m
s
s
u
c
h
as
HOM
E
R
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e,
d
ir
ec
t
m
et
h
o
d
s
an
d
in
telli
g
e
n
t
b
ased
m
et
h
o
d
s
.
Kh
ali
f
a
[
9
]
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
a
h
y
b
r
id
to
m
o
d
el
a
P
V
-
w
i
n
d
a
n
d
d
iesel
g
en
er
ato
r
to
s
u
p
p
l
y
t
h
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
elec
tr
icit
y
f
o
r
R
e
v
er
s
e
Os
m
o
s
is
(
R
O)
d
esalin
a
tio
n
u
n
its
i
n
a
r
e
m
o
te
ar
ea
,
Kar
b
ala
cit
y
,
I
r
aq
.
Kh
alif
a
u
s
ed
H
y
b
r
id
R
O
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
as
an
o
p
ti
m
is
a
tio
n
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
.
Sal
w
a
n
a
n
d
So
p
ian
[
1
0
]
in
v
est
ig
ated
t
h
e
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tat
io
n
o
f
a
h
y
b
r
id
s
y
s
te
m
(
s
o
lar
an
d
win
d
en
er
g
ie
s
)
b
y
u
ti
lis
i
n
g
HO
ME
R
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
f
o
r
th
r
ee
citie
s
in
I
r
aq
w
h
ich
ar
e
B
asra
h
,
Mo
s
u
l
a
n
d
B
ag
h
d
ad
.
T
h
is
s
y
s
te
m
is
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
to
in
s
ta
ll
as
a
b
ac
k
u
p
s
y
s
te
m
d
u
r
in
g
t
h
e
o
u
ta
g
e
o
f
elec
tr
icit
y
t
i
m
e
o
r
s
u
p
p
l
y
th
e
elec
tr
icit
y
p
o
w
er
f
o
r
7
5
0
s
m
all
h
o
u
s
es
in
a
r
e
m
o
te
ar
ea
.
Na
w
a
w
i
et
a
l
.
[
1
1
]
s
tu
d
ied
t
h
e
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tat
io
n
o
f
a
h
y
b
r
id
s
y
s
te
m
(
d
iesel
g
en
er
ato
r
an
d
s
o
lar
)
u
s
i
n
g
HOM
E
R
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
in
A
l
-
Go
w
air
,
I
r
aq
.
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
co
n
d
u
c
ted
th
e
f
ea
s
ib
ilit
y
o
f
s
u
p
p
l
y
elec
tr
ical
p
o
w
er
f
o
r
th
e
r
e
m
o
te
ar
ea
.
Z
h
an
g
[
1
2
]
p
r
esen
ted
a
d
ir
ec
t
s
ea
r
ch
alg
o
r
ith
m
to
ca
lc
u
late
t
h
e
o
p
tim
al
s
iz
in
g
o
f
a
s
tan
d
-
alo
n
e
h
y
b
r
id
s
y
s
te
m
t
h
a
t
co
m
p
o
s
ed
o
f
w
i
n
d
,
s
o
lar
an
d
d
iesel
g
e
n
er
ato
r
.
T
h
e
s
ea
r
ch
alg
o
r
ith
m
h
as
b
ee
n
u
s
ed
to
ch
o
o
s
e
th
e
o
p
ti
m
al
t
y
p
es
a
n
d
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
u
n
it
s
f
r
o
m
a
m
o
n
g
a
s
et
o
f
co
m
m
er
ci
all
y
o
f
f
er
ed
s
y
s
te
m
d
e
v
ices
g
u
ar
an
teei
n
g
en
o
u
g
h
en
er
g
y
to
e
n
co
u
n
ter
t
h
e
d
e
m
a
n
d
.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
T
af
r
esh
i
[
1
3
]
h
as
e
m
p
lo
y
ed
Gen
et
ic
A
l
g
o
r
ith
m
s
to
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
t
a
n
o
p
tim
u
m
u
n
it
s
izin
g
o
f
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
en
er
g
y
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
.
C
el
ik
[
1
4
]
p
r
esen
ted
an
in
n
o
v
ati
v
e
s
izin
g
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
to
m
o
d
el
h
y
b
r
id
w
in
d
-
so
lar
-
b
att
er
y
s
to
r
ag
e
s
y
s
te
m
.
I
n
t
h
is
ca
s
e,
it
is
n
o
ted
th
at
ec
o
-
tech
n
i
ca
l
o
p
tim
is
atio
n
o
f
in
d
ep
en
d
en
t
e
n
er
g
y
s
y
s
te
m
s
s
h
o
u
ld
co
m
p
r
is
e
o
f
t
h
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
s
ch
e
m
e
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
,
i
n
cl
u
d
i
n
g
a
u
to
n
o
m
y
le
v
el,
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
co
s
t,
t
h
e
esti
m
ate
d
ti
m
e
f
o
r
th
e
p
ar
ticu
lar
lo
ad
to
b
e
m
et.
I
n
t
h
is
p
ap
er
,
a
h
y
b
r
id
s
o
lar
-
d
iese
l
-
s
to
r
ag
e
s
y
s
te
m
i
s
ad
ap
ted
to
ev
alu
a
te
th
e
f
ea
s
ib
ilit
y
o
f
u
s
i
n
g
a
h
y
b
r
id
m
o
d
el
in
r
u
r
al
ar
ea
s
in
th
e
m
id
d
le
o
f
I
r
aq
.
So
lar
ir
r
ad
ian
ce
an
d
lo
a
d
p
r
o
f
ile
o
f
th
e
s
tu
d
ied
s
ite
l
o
ca
ted
in
Kar
b
ala
ar
e
tak
en
in
to
co
n
s
id
er
atio
n
t
o
d
esig
n
t
h
e
o
p
ti
m
al
s
izi
n
g
o
f
a
h
y
b
r
id
s
y
s
te
m
th
at
ca
n
m
ee
t
lo
ad
d
em
a
n
d
f
o
r
th
i
s
ar
ea
.
T
h
e
v
alid
it
y
o
f
t
h
i
s
m
o
d
el
is
a
n
al
y
s
ed
b
y
u
s
in
g
H
OM
E
R
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
w
h
ic
h
i
s
a
co
m
p
u
ter
-
b
ased
s
i
m
u
latio
n
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
t
h
at
d
ev
elo
p
ed
b
y
t
h
e
Natio
n
al
R
e
n
e
w
ab
le
E
n
er
g
y
L
ab
o
r
ato
r
y
(
NR
E
L
)
w
it
h
th
e
ai
m
o
f
ev
al
u
ati
n
g
v
ar
io
u
s
d
esi
g
n
s
f
o
r
b
o
th
o
n
th
e
g
r
id
a
n
d
o
f
f
-
g
r
id
elec
tr
ical
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
s
f
o
r
s
tan
d
-
al
o
n
e
an
d
r
e
m
o
te
lo
ca
tio
n
s
ap
p
li
ca
tio
n
s
.
2.
M
E
T
H
O
D
O
L
O
G
Y
T
h
e
p
r
o
j
ec
ted
h
y
b
r
id
s
y
s
te
m
o
f
th
i
s
s
ch
o
o
l
co
n
s
i
s
ts
o
f
d
if
f
er
en
t
en
er
g
y
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
s
u
c
h
a
s
s
o
la
r
p
an
els,
d
iesel
g
e
n
er
ato
r
,
b
atter
y
s
to
r
ag
e
d
ev
ice
s
as
w
ell
a
s
elec
tr
icit
y
p
u
r
c
h
ased
f
r
o
m
I
r
aq
i
n
atio
n
al
g
r
id
.
I
n
th
is
s
y
s
te
m
,
th
e
p
o
w
er
co
n
v
er
ter
is
r
eq
u
ir
ed
to
co
n
v
er
t
D
.
C
p
o
w
er
t
h
at
r
ec
ei
v
ed
f
r
o
m
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
ar
r
a
y
o
r
b
atter
y
to
A
.
C
p
o
w
er
.
T
h
is
s
ch
e
m
e
i
s
d
esi
g
n
ed
to
m
ee
t
U
m
m
Qasr
P
r
i
m
ar
y
Sc
h
o
o
l
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
ts
.
I
n
t
h
is
ca
s
e
s
tu
d
y
,
t
h
e
o
p
ti
m
al
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
o
f
th
e
h
y
b
r
id
s
y
s
te
m
h
as
b
ee
n
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
b
y
th
e
HOM
E
R
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t.
T
h
e
th
r
ee
s
i
g
n
i
f
ican
t
tas
k
s
t
h
at
ar
e
s
i
m
u
la
tio
n
,
o
p
tim
i
s
atio
n
a
n
d
s
en
s
iti
v
it
y
f
ac
to
r
ar
e
ac
h
iev
ed
to
ev
alu
ate
t
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
th
e
Des
ig
n
ed
m
o
d
el.
S
u
ch
t
h
ese
ta
s
k
s
e
n
ab
le
r
esear
ch
er
s
to
ev
al
u
ate
th
e
tec
h
n
ical
f
ea
s
ib
ili
t
y
a
n
d
a
v
ast
r
a
n
g
e
o
f
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
p
o
s
s
i
b
ilit
ies
as
w
ell
a
s
to
clar
i
f
y
v
a
r
iatio
n
s
i
n
t
h
e
co
s
t
o
f
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
,
a
n
d
th
e
a
v
aila
b
ilit
y
o
f
e
n
er
g
y
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
,
b
o
t
h
r
en
e
w
ab
le
an
d
tr
ad
itio
n
a
l
en
er
g
y
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
ca
n
b
e
s
i
m
u
lated
in
t
h
e
H
OM
E
R
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t
[1
5
]
.
HOM
E
R
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
is
u
s
ed
to
m
o
d
el
t
h
e
p
h
y
s
ical
b
eh
a
v
io
u
r
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
a
n
d
it
s
li
f
eti
m
e
co
s
t
th
at
e
m
b
r
ac
es
t
h
e
i
n
s
tal
latio
n
an
d
o
p
er
atio
n
co
s
ts
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
o
u
t
it
s
lif
e
-
c
y
c
le.
T
h
e
o
p
ti
m
is
a
tio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
is
r
ep
ea
ted
f
o
r
ev
er
y
s
elec
tio
n
o
f
s
e
n
s
iti
v
it
y
wh
ich
ar
e
th
e
s
o
lar
ir
r
ad
ian
ce
,
d
iesel
f
u
el
p
r
ices
v
ar
iab
les
f
o
r
th
e
h
y
b
r
id
s
y
s
te
m
.
I
n
th
i
s
ca
s
e,
d
i
f
f
er
en
t
s
ch
e
m
e
ch
o
ices
b
ased
o
n
th
eir
ec
o
n
o
m
ic
a
n
d
tech
n
ica
l
m
er
it
s
ca
n
b
e
co
m
p
ar
ed
in
t
h
is
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
to
s
elec
t
th
e
b
est
ch
o
ice
f
o
r
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
ite.
3.
SI
T
E
S
E
L
E
C
T
I
O
N
C
u
r
r
en
tl
y
,
t
h
e
p
o
p
u
latio
n
o
f
I
r
aq
is
ar
o
u
n
d
3
6
m
illi
o
n
w
h
o
liv
e
i
n
1
8
m
aj
o
r
s
tates,
an
d
th
ese
s
tates
ar
e
s
u
p
p
lied
b
y
elec
tr
ical
p
o
wer
b
ased
o
n
d
iesel
an
d
g
as
s
ta
tio
n
s
b
y
t
h
e
g
o
v
er
n
m
en
t.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
t
h
e
elec
tr
ica
l
p
o
w
er
th
a
t
s
u
p
p
lied
b
y
t
h
e
g
o
v
er
n
m
en
t
is
in
ter
m
it
ten
t
an
d
f
l
u
ct
u
ated
all
th
e
d
a
y
,
a
n
d
h
en
ce
s
o
m
e
r
e
m
o
te
ar
ea
s
s
u
f
f
er
f
r
o
m
s
h
o
r
tag
e
ele
ctr
icit
y
s
u
ch
as
t
h
e
cit
y
o
f
Kar
b
ala
w
h
er
e
a
s
ch
o
o
l
is
s
elec
te
d
to
b
e
a
ca
s
e
s
tu
d
y
in
t
h
is
r
esear
c
h
.
U
m
m
Qa
s
r
P
r
im
ar
y
Sch
o
o
l
is
lo
ca
ted
i
n
a
r
u
r
al
ar
ea
w
h
ich
i
s
2
0
K
m
f
a
r
to
th
e
E
ast
o
f
Kar
b
ala
cit
y
as s
h
o
w
n
i
n
t
h
e
F
ig
u
r
e
1
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
9
,
No
.
4
,
A
u
g
u
s
t
201
9
:
2
8
2
2
-
2830
2824
Fig
u
r
e
1.
T
h
e
lo
ca
tio
n
o
f
th
e
s
tu
d
ied
s
ch
o
o
l in
Kar
b
ala
T
h
is
s
ch
o
o
l
is
s
elec
ted
b
ec
au
s
e
it
is
v
er
y
clo
s
e
to
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
m
eteo
r
o
lo
g
y
s
tatio
n
o
f
I
r
aq
i
Ag
r
o
-
m
eteo
r
o
lo
g
ical
Net
w
o
r
k
.
A
d
d
itio
n
all
y
,
t
h
i
s
s
c
h
o
o
l
is
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
th
e
n
atio
n
a
l
g
r
id
w
h
ic
h
s
u
f
f
er
ed
f
r
o
m
s
ch
ed
u
le
o
u
ta
g
e
w
h
ic
h
i
s
u
s
u
a
ll
y
m
o
r
e
t
h
an
5
h
o
u
r
s
d
u
r
i
n
g
n
o
r
m
al
b
u
s
i
n
es
s
h
o
u
r
s
.
Als
o
,
t
h
e
s
c
h
o
o
l
b
u
i
ld
in
g
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
ad
m
in
is
tr
atio
n
r
o
o
m
,
cla
s
s
r
o
o
m
s
,
as
w
e
ll
a
s
to
il
ets
a
n
d
th
e
av
er
a
g
e
d
e
m
an
d
f
o
r
th
is
s
c
h
o
o
l
d
ail
y
,
ca
n
b
e
r
ep
r
esen
ted
in
T
ab
le
1
.
T
ab
le
1
.
T
y
p
es o
f
th
e
lo
ad
in
U
m
m
Qser
Sc
h
o
o
l
L
o
a
d
t
y
p
e
Q
u
a
n
t
i
t
y
W
a
t
t
/
i
t
e
m
T
o
t
a
l
W
a
t
t
U
se
h
r
/
d
a
y
K
W
h
/
d
a
y
L
a
mp
s
40
50
2
0
0
0
8
16
R
e
f
r
i
g
e
r
a
t
o
r
2
2
0
0
4
0
0
10
4
T
V
se
t
1
1
5
0
1
5
0
6
0
.
9
W
a
t
e
r
p
u
m
p
1
5
0
0
5
0
0
3
1
.
5
C
e
i
l
i
n
g
f
a
n
15
3
7
5
5
6
2
5
7
3
9
.
3
7
5
A
i
r
c
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
n
2
2
0
0
0
4
0
0
0
6
24
T
o
t
a
l
c
o
n
su
m
p
t
i
o
n
p
e
r
d
a
y
8
5
.
7
7
5
A
cc
o
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
r
ep
o
r
ts
f
r
o
m
th
e
U
n
ited
Natio
n
s
(
UN)
,
th
e
av
er
a
g
e
elec
tr
ical
p
o
w
er
s
u
p
p
lied
to
th
e
co
n
s
u
m
er
s
in
I
r
aq
is
ar
o
u
n
d
8
h
o
u
r
s
p
er
d
a
y
[
7
]
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
d
iesel
g
e
n
er
ato
r
is
u
s
ed
as
a
b
ac
k
u
p
s
y
s
te
m
a
s
an
o
p
tio
n
a
l
ch
o
ice
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
elec
tr
ical
p
o
w
er
to
th
e
co
n
s
u
m
er
s
.
Ho
w
ev
er
,
t
h
is
tr
en
d
is
as
s
o
ciate
d
w
it
h
m
a
n
y
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
p
r
o
b
le
m
s
r
e
g
ar
d
in
g
h
ea
lt
h
p
r
o
b
lem
s
a
n
d
h
ig
h
e
m
is
s
io
n
s
r
ates
a
s
w
ell
as
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
d
iesel g
e
n
er
ato
r
s
i
m
p
o
s
e
ad
d
itio
n
al
f
ee
s
to
th
e
co
n
s
u
m
er
s
wh
o
m
i
g
h
t n
o
t b
e
ab
le
to
p
ay
t
h
ese
f
ee
s
[
1
1
]
.
A
p
p
r
o
x
i
m
atel
y
3
0
0
s
t
u
d
en
ts
ar
e
atten
d
i
n
g
t
h
is
s
c
h
o
o
l
f
r
o
m
S
u
n
d
a
y
to
T
h
u
r
s
d
a
y
.
T
h
e
av
er
ag
e
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
o
f
e
ig
h
t
k
W
h
w
i
th
a
p
ea
k
o
f
1
2
.
6
k
W
b
ased
o
n
d
ail
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
av
er
a
g
e
d
ail
y
an
d
m
o
n
t
h
l
y
a
v
er
ag
e
e
n
er
g
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
s
ch
o
o
l.
I
t
h
as
b
ee
n
co
n
s
id
er
ed
th
e
ac
tu
al
w
o
r
k
i
n
g
lo
ad
w
h
ic
h
is
8
h
o
u
r
s
d
u
r
i
n
g
t
h
e
wo
r
k
in
g
d
a
y
a
n
d
th
e
b
r
ea
k
s
ch
o
o
l
p
er
io
d
w
h
ich
is
f
r
o
m
J
u
l
y
t
o
Octo
b
er
as
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
2
.
A
cc
o
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
n
ea
r
est
m
etr
o
lo
g
y
s
tatio
n
w
h
ic
h
is
5
k
m
f
ar
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
s
ch
o
o
l,
th
e
av
er
a
g
e
an
n
u
a
l
w
i
n
d
s
p
ee
d
an
d
s
o
lar
ir
r
ad
iatio
n
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
i
n
t
h
e
ea
s
t
o
f
Kar
b
ala
cit
y
ar
e
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
I
t
is
e
v
id
en
t
f
r
o
m
th
e
Fi
g
u
r
e
3
th
at
t
h
e
w
i
n
d
s
p
ee
d
is
n
o
t
s
u
f
f
icien
t
to
g
e
n
er
a
te
elec
tr
icit
y
b
ec
a
u
s
e
t
h
e
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
s
p
ee
d
is
le
s
s
th
an
2
m
/s
.
I
n
d
ee
d
,
a
s
i
g
n
i
f
ica
n
t n
u
m
b
er
o
f
r
esear
ch
er
s
a
s
s
u
r
ed
th
e
s
a
m
e
p
r
o
b
le
m
w
h
er
e
th
e
w
i
n
d
s
p
ee
d
is
to
o
lo
w
,
an
d
it
is
n
o
t
ab
le
to
p
r
o
d
u
ce
elec
tr
ical
p
o
w
er
ev
en
i
f
th
e
w
i
n
d
tu
r
b
in
e
ca
n
b
e
r
o
tated
[
1
2
,
16]
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e
th
e
h
y
b
r
id
s
y
s
te
m
w
ill
b
e
d
esig
n
ed
o
n
l
y
B
ased
o
n
s
o
l
ar
p
an
els
as
a
r
en
e
w
ab
le
r
e
s
o
u
r
ce
to
g
en
er
ate
th
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
elec
tr
icit
y
n
ee
d
ed
b
y
t
h
e
ex
a
m
i
n
ed
s
ite.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8708
F
ea
s
ib
ilit
y
s
tu
d
y
o
f a
ch
ievin
g
r
elia
b
le
elec
tr
i
city
s
u
p
p
ly
u
s
in
g
h
yb
r
id
p
o
w
e
r
.
..
(
Hu
s
s
a
m
M.
A
lmu
kh
ta
r
)
2825
Fig
u
r
e
2.
Dail
y
,
Seaso
n
al
an
d
y
ea
r
l
y
a
v
er
ag
e
e
n
er
g
y
d
e
m
a
n
d
o
f
th
e
s
c
h
o
o
l
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
T
h
e
an
n
u
al
s
o
lar
ir
r
ad
iatio
n
an
d
w
in
d
s
p
ee
d
in
E
a
s
t
Kar
b
ala
[
1
2
]
4.
H
YB
RID SYS
T
E
M
CO
M
P
O
NE
NT
S
T
h
e
p
r
im
ar
y
o
b
j
ec
tiv
e
o
f
th
e
r
esp
ec
tiv
e
s
t
u
d
y
is
to
co
n
d
u
ct
an
o
p
ti
m
al
co
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
o
f
th
e
s
o
lar
-
d
iesel
-
b
atter
y
s
to
r
ag
e
h
y
b
r
id
s
y
s
te
m
.
A
ll
r
eq
u
ir
ed
d
ata,
in
cl
u
d
in
g
lo
ad
p
r
o
f
ile,
an
d
s
o
lar
ir
r
ad
ian
ce
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
tak
en
f
r
o
m
th
e
I
r
aq
i.
A
g
r
o
-
m
e
teo
r
o
lo
g
ical
Net
w
o
r
k
,
U
m
m
Qa
s
r
P
r
im
ar
y
Sc
h
o
o
l
,
is
e
m
p
l
o
y
ed
as
a
ca
s
e
s
tu
d
y
to
co
m
p
r
eh
e
n
d
th
e
i
m
p
o
r
tan
c
e
o
f
u
s
in
g
r
en
e
w
ab
le
en
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
s
in
I
r
aq
i
co
u
n
tr
y
s
id
e
s
ch
o
o
ls
to
o
v
er
co
m
e
elec
tr
icit
y
s
h
o
r
tag
e
t
h
er
e.
T
h
e
lo
n
g
it
u
d
e
an
d
latitu
d
e
an
g
l
es
o
f
s
ch
o
o
l
r
eg
io
n
ar
e
3
6
a
n
d
5
6
in
d
iv
id
u
all
y
.
T
h
is
s
ch
o
o
l
h
as
ab
o
u
t 4
0
lig
h
t
er
s
,
t
w
o
a
ir
co
n
d
itio
n
er
s
,
1
5
f
a
n
s
,
a
n
d
f
o
u
r
h
ea
ter
s
.
T
h
e
li
f
e
c
y
cle
o
f
t
h
is
s
y
s
te
m
is
2
0
y
ea
r
s
.
4
.
1
.
B
a
t
t
er
y
A
b
atter
y
m
o
d
el
is
f
u
n
ctio
n
i
n
g
as
e
n
er
g
y
s
to
r
ag
e
a
n
d
b
ac
k
u
p
s
y
s
te
m
s
w
h
ic
h
ca
n
a
s
s
i
s
t
a
p
r
o
j
ec
te
d
s
y
s
te
m
to
b
e
m
o
r
e
s
ec
u
r
e
[
17
]
.
T
h
e
b
atter
ies
co
llectio
n
s
ar
e
lin
k
ed
i
n
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
b
et
w
ee
n
p
ar
allel
-
s
er
ie
s
co
n
s
tr
u
ct
io
n
.
I
n
t
h
is
ca
s
e,
all
b
atter
y
p
r
o
p
er
ties
ass
u
m
ed
to
b
e
co
n
s
tan
t
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
o
u
t
its
li
f
e
cy
c
le
r
eg
ar
d
less
o
f
th
e
a
m
b
ien
t
te
m
p
er
at
u
r
e.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
b
atter
y
is
m
a
n
u
f
ac
tu
r
ed
b
y
S
u
r
r
ette
C
o
m
p
a
n
y
w
h
er
e
it
i
s
m
o
d
el
Su
r
r
ette
S1
2
-
9
5
AGM
w
ith
a
ca
p
ac
it
y
o
f
8
5
A
h
an
d
o
p
er
ated
w
it
h
a
v
o
ltag
e
o
f
1
2
V
[1
6
]
.
A
l
s
o
,
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
b
atter
ies is
ass
u
m
ed
to
b
e
b
et
w
ee
n
0
-
2
0
0
u
n
i
ts
i
n
th
e
a
n
al
y
s
is
o
f
HO
ME
R
ap
p
licatio
n
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
9
,
No
.
4
,
A
u
g
u
s
t
201
9
:
2
8
2
2
-
2830
2826
4
.
2
.
Diesel g
ener
a
t
o
r
Gen
er
ato
r
s
co
n
s
u
m
e
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
t
y
p
e
s
o
f
f
u
el
s
to
g
e
n
er
a
te
elec
tr
ical
p
o
w
er
.
I
n
th
is
p
ar
ticu
lar
,
th
e
g
en
er
ato
r
ca
n
b
e
ca
te
g
o
r
is
ed
in
to
d
if
f
er
en
t
k
i
n
d
s
,
i
n
cl
u
d
in
g
d
iesel,
p
r
o
p
an
e,
b
io
-
f
u
el
a
n
d
g
a
s
o
lin
e.
I
n
t
h
i
s
p
ap
er
,
Diese
l
g
en
er
ato
r
h
as
b
ee
n
s
elec
ted
to
p
r
o
d
u
ce
elec
tr
ic
al
p
o
w
er
to
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
h
y
b
r
id
m
o
d
el,
as
d
iesel
f
u
e
l is co
n
s
id
er
ed
m
o
r
e
ef
f
icie
n
t i
n
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
w
i
th
o
t
h
er
f
u
el
t
y
p
es
[
19
]
.
Diesel g
e
n
er
ato
r
th
at
h
a
s
b
ee
n
u
s
ed
f
o
r
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
h
y
b
r
id
s
y
s
te
m
h
as
a
r
ated
p
o
w
er
o
f
1
4
k
W
w
it
h
a
r
ated
s
p
ee
d
o
f
1
8
0
0
r
p
m
w
h
ic
h
d
ep
en
d
o
n
th
e
lo
ad
p
r
o
f
ile
o
f
U
m
m
Qa
s
r
Sch
o
o
l.
T
h
e
ca
p
ital
co
s
t
an
d
Op
er
atio
n
an
d
m
ai
n
te
n
a
n
ce
ex
p
e
n
d
it
u
r
e
o
f
th
e
d
iesel
g
e
n
er
ato
r
is
4
1
0
US
$
/k
W
an
d
0
.
2
5
US$
/h
r
r
esp
ec
ti
v
el
y
.
T
h
e
m
ai
n
te
n
an
ce
an
d
o
p
er
atio
n
ex
p
e
n
s
e
o
f
th
e
d
iesel
g
e
n
er
ato
r
is
US$
0
.
0
3
/h
r
.
I
n
g
e
n
er
al,
t
h
e
co
s
t
o
f
d
iesel
is
ab
o
u
t
US$
0
.
3
5
/L
w
h
ile
th
i
s
p
r
ice
ca
n
in
cr
ea
s
e
u
p
to
US$
0
.
7
/L
f
o
r
r
em
o
te
ar
ea
s
d
u
e
to
tr
an
s
p
o
r
tati
o
n
co
s
ts
.
4
.
3
.
So
la
r
pa
nels
T
h
e
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
ar
r
ay
co
m
p
r
is
es
o
f
in
ter
co
n
n
ec
ti
n
g
s
e
v
er
al
P
V
p
an
els
in
p
ar
allel
o
r
s
er
ies
f
o
r
m
u
latio
n
.
P
V
p
an
el
s
co
llectio
n
p
r
o
d
u
ce
D.
C
p
o
w
er
b
ase
d
o
n
th
e
a
m
o
u
n
t
o
f
s
o
lar
ir
r
ad
ian
ce
i
n
cid
en
t
o
n
it
[
10
]
.
T
h
e
esti
m
ated
m
a
g
n
itu
d
e
o
f
P
V
ar
r
ay
ar
r
an
g
e
m
e
n
t
u
tili
s
ed
in
t
h
is
m
o
d
el
is
2
5
0
w
at
3
0
v
o
lts
[
20
]
.
A
d
e
-
r
ati
n
g
f
ac
to
r
th
at
h
as
b
e
en
ap
p
lied
to
th
e
s
o
lar
s
y
s
te
m
w
as
ap
p
r
o
x
i
m
atel
y
9
5
%.
T
h
e
ca
p
ac
it
y
o
f
s
o
lar
p
an
els is
a
s
s
u
m
ed
to
b
e
w
ith
i
n
th
e
r
an
g
e
o
f
0
-
2
0
0
k
W
in
t
h
e
HOM
E
R
'
s
a
n
al
y
s
i
s
.
4
.
4
.
Co
nv
er
t
er
C
o
n
v
er
ter
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
s
D
C
elec
tr
ic
p
o
w
er
to
A
C
p
o
w
er
.
I
n
th
is
h
y
b
r
id
s
y
s
te
m
,
th
e
co
n
v
er
ter
s
ize
is
ass
u
m
ed
to
b
e
b
et
w
ee
n
0
-
1
0
0
KW
.
T
h
e
ca
p
ital
an
d
r
ep
lace
m
en
t
co
s
ts
ar
e
1
0
0
US$
/k
W
[
21
]
.
T
h
e
lif
e
c
y
cle
an
d
ef
f
icie
n
c
y
o
f
th
e
co
n
v
er
ter
ar
e
tak
en
to
b
e
1
5
y
ea
r
s
an
d
8
5
% r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
5.
T
H
E
P
RO
P
O
SE
D
SYS
T
E
M
ANALY
SI
S
T
h
e
m
ain
ai
m
s
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
o
d
el
f
o
r
t
h
e
h
y
b
r
id
s
y
s
t
e
m
ar
e
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
elec
tr
ical
p
o
w
er
f
o
r
th
e
s
ch
o
o
l
o
n
a
2
4
h
r
b
asi
s
with
th
e
m
o
s
t
ec
o
n
o
m
ical
w
a
y
.
A
lt
h
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
s
c
h
o
o
l
i
s
o
n
l
y
o
p
en
in
g
d
u
r
i
n
g
d
a
y
h
o
u
r
s
,
h
o
w
e
v
er
,
th
e
elec
tr
ical
p
o
w
er
is
s
o
r
el
y
n
ee
d
ed
f
o
r
th
e
ai
m
o
f
s
u
p
p
l
y
i
n
g
t
h
e
f
r
id
g
e
an
d
w
ater
p
u
m
p
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
w
h
o
le
d
a
y
.
I
n
d
ee
d
,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
y
s
te
m
w
ill
b
e
i
n
v
e
s
ti
g
ated
by
u
s
i
n
g
H
OM
E
R
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
to
d
ec
id
e
w
h
et
h
er
it
i
s
f
ea
s
ib
le
o
r
n
o
t
o
n
s
u
c
h
t
h
is
lo
ca
tio
n
b
ased
o
n
s
o
lar
ir
r
ad
ian
ce
d
ata.
T
h
e
tech
n
ica
l
f
ea
s
ib
ilit
y
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
y
s
te
m
ca
n
b
e
d
ec
id
ed
b
ased
o
n
its
ab
ilit
y
to
s
u
p
p
ly
elec
tr
icit
y
to
th
e
s
ch
o
o
l
as
w
e
ll
as
to
s
atis
f
y
th
e
co
n
s
tr
ain
t
s
s
tated
b
y
t
h
e
u
s
er
.
A
d
d
itio
n
all
y
,
th
e
ec
o
n
o
m
ic
f
ea
s
ib
ilit
y
o
f
t
h
i
s
d
esig
n
ca
n
b
e
esti
m
a
ted
th
r
o
u
g
h
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
ti
n
g
t
h
e
n
et
p
r
esen
t
co
s
t
a
n
al
y
s
is
(
NP
C
)
with
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
ca
p
ital,
in
s
tall
atio
n
o
p
er
atio
n
a
n
d
m
ai
n
ten
a
n
ce
co
s
t
s
w
it
h
a
li
f
e
s
p
an
o
f
2
5
y
ea
r
s
th
a
t
as
s
u
m
ed
f
o
r
th
e
p
r
o
j
ec
t.
T
h
is
p
r
o
j
e
ct
ai
m
s
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
tech
n
o
-
ec
o
n
o
m
ic
f
ea
s
ib
ili
t
y
o
f
th
e
i
n
te
g
r
atio
n
o
f
s
o
lar
p
an
els
,
en
er
g
y
s
to
r
ag
e
d
e
v
ices
a
n
d
d
iesel
g
e
n
er
ato
r
s
a
s
a
h
y
b
r
id
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
f
o
r
t
h
e
ai
m
o
f
p
r
o
v
id
i
n
g
2
4
h
r
s
o
f
el
ec
tr
icit
y
s
u
p
p
l
y
.
T
h
e
ar
ch
itect
u
r
e
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
h
y
b
r
id
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
ca
n
b
e
i
llu
s
tr
ated
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
4
.
T
h
e
P
V
s
y
s
te
m
s
u
p
p
lies
t
h
e
d
e
m
a
n
d
w
it
h
th
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
en
er
g
y
,
an
d
i
f
t
h
e
g
e
n
er
atio
n
ex
ce
ed
s
t
h
e
d
e
m
a
n
d
,
th
e
n
t
h
e
s
u
r
p
lu
s
en
er
g
y
w
ill
b
e
s
t
o
r
ed
in
th
e
b
atter
y
.
A
l
s
o
,
i
f
t
h
e
e
n
er
g
y
s
to
r
ed
in
th
e
b
atter
y
,
a
n
d
g
en
er
ated
f
r
o
m
th
e
s
o
lar
p
o
w
er
is
n
o
t
en
o
u
g
h
to
s
u
p
p
l
y
th
e
d
e
m
a
n
d
,
t
h
en
t
h
e
d
iese
l
g
en
er
ato
r
w
ill
b
e
u
s
ed
to
s
u
p
p
ly
t
h
e
r
es
t
o
f
t
h
e
d
e
m
an
d
in
ca
s
e
th
er
e
i
s
n
o
elec
tr
ical
p
o
w
er
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
g
r
id
.
On
th
e
o
p
ti
m
i
s
atio
n
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
,
th
e
HOM
E
R
ap
p
licatio
n
w
i
l
l
s
i
m
u
late
all
th
e
p
o
s
s
ib
le
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
o
f
s
y
s
te
m
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
s
to
g
et
th
e
m
o
s
t
tech
n
o
-
ec
o
n
o
m
ic
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
.
A
d
d
itio
n
all
y
,
t
h
e
p
r
ices
o
f
d
iesel,
P
V,
b
atter
y
an
d
g
r
id
p
u
r
c
h
ase
ar
e
p
r
esen
ted
i
n
T
ab
le
2
w
h
er
e
al
l
th
e
s
e
p
r
ices
w
er
e
co
llected
f
r
o
m
g
o
v
er
n
m
e
n
tal
an
d
co
m
m
er
cia
l r
eso
u
r
ce
s
i
n
I
r
aq
.
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
Sch
e
m
atic
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
h
y
b
r
id
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8708
F
ea
s
ib
ilit
y
s
tu
d
y
o
f a
ch
ievin
g
r
elia
b
le
elec
tr
i
city
s
u
p
p
ly
u
s
in
g
h
yb
r
id
p
o
w
e
r
.
..
(
Hu
s
s
a
m
M.
A
lmu
kh
ta
r
)
2827
T
ab
le
2
.
T
h
e
p
r
ice
o
f
in
p
u
t c
o
m
p
o
n
en
ts
u
s
ed
in
t
h
e
s
i
m
u
lati
o
n
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
I
n
p
u
t
P
a
r
a
me
t
e
r
s
US
D
o
l
l
a
r
F
u
e
l
p
r
i
c
e
s
0
.
3
5
U
S
$
[
1
9
]
D
i
e
se
l
g
e
n
e
r
a
t
o
r
5
0
0
U
S
$
/
k
W
[
2
0
]
PV
4
1
0
U
S
$
/
k
W
[
1
7
]
C
o
n
v
e
r
t
e
r
1
0
0
U
S
$
/
k
W
[
1
8
]
B
a
t
t
e
r
y
2
5
0
U
S
$
/
k
W
[
2
1
]
G
r
i
d
0
.
2
5
U
S
$
/
k
W
h
[
2
2
]
6.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
T
ec
h
n
icall
y
,
t
h
e
lo
ad
h
as
a
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
i
m
p
ac
t
o
n
th
e
d
esi
g
n
o
f
h
y
b
r
id
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
s
r
eg
ar
d
in
g
s
elec
ti
n
g
th
e
s
o
lar
,
w
in
d
,
d
ie
s
el
an
d
b
atter
y
s
iz
in
g
a
n
d
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
.
I
n
th
i
s
ca
s
e
s
t
u
d
y
,
th
e
d
ail
y
lo
ad
f
o
r
th
e
s
t
u
d
ied
s
c
h
o
o
l
2
.
4
KW
h
,
p
ea
k
d
e
m
an
d
=
1
2
.
6
KW
h
w
h
il
e
th
e
to
tal
a
n
n
u
al
d
e
m
a
n
d
i
s
a
r
o
u
n
d
2
3
5
.
8
MW
h
.
T
h
e
lo
ad
v
ar
iatio
n
s
d
u
r
in
g
t
h
e
w
h
o
le
y
ea
r
b
ased
o
n
an
n
u
al
m
ea
s
u
r
e
ca
n
b
e
r
ep
r
es
en
ted
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
5.
A
l
s
o
,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
o
d
el
f
o
r
th
e
s
ch
o
o
l
b
ased
o
n
lo
ad
d
ata
an
d
s
o
lar
ir
r
ad
ian
ce
d
ata
c
o
n
s
is
ts
o
f
a
s
o
lar
p
an
el
an
d
th
e
g
r
id
s
u
p
p
lier
as
th
e
s
ch
o
o
l
o
n
l
y
r
eq
u
ir
ed
th
e
e
n
er
g
y
a
t
th
e
d
a
y
h
o
u
r
s
w
h
er
e
t
h
e
s
u
n
is
av
ailab
le.
T
h
e
HOM
E
R
s
u
g
g
est
s
t
h
at
t
h
e
s
ize
o
f
th
e
s
o
lar
s
y
s
te
m
i
s
ar
o
u
n
d
2
5
KW
w
i
th
a
5
2
1
2
k
W
n
ee
d
to
b
e
p
u
r
ch
ased
f
r
o
m
th
e
g
r
id
s
u
p
p
li
er
in
o
r
d
er
s
u
p
p
ly
t
h
e
s
c
h
o
o
l w
it
h
2
4
h
o
u
r
s
o
f
elec
tr
icit
y
.
Fig
u
r
e
5.
T
h
e
av
er
ag
e
d
ail
y
lo
ad
f
o
r
th
e
p
r
o
j
ec
ted
s
ch
o
o
l in
Kar
b
ala
in
I
r
aq
A
d
d
itio
n
al
l
y
,
s
ev
er
al
ca
s
e
s
tu
d
ies
ar
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
in
t
h
i
s
ca
s
e
s
tu
d
y
r
eg
ar
d
in
g
ad
d
i
n
g
d
ie
s
el
g
en
er
ato
r
,
b
atter
y
e
n
er
g
y
s
to
r
ag
e
as
w
ell
as
g
r
id
s
u
p
p
lier
.
HOM
E
R
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
s
i
m
u
late
s
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
s
y
s
te
m
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
s
d
u
r
i
n
g
th
e
o
p
tim
is
a
tio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
as
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
6
.
T
h
is
f
i
g
u
r
e
ill
u
s
tr
at
es
t
h
at
t
h
e
o
p
ti
m
al
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
o
f
t
h
e
h
y
b
r
id
s
y
s
te
m
ca
n
b
e
ac
h
iev
ed
b
y
i
n
teg
r
atin
g
2
2
.
4
k
w
P
V
m
o
d
u
les,
5
9
b
atter
ies
an
d
5
7
3
8
KW
h
o
f
en
er
g
y
th
at
p
u
r
ch
a
s
e
d
f
r
o
m
th
e
n
atio
n
al
g
r
id
to
c
o
m
p
e
n
s
ate
elec
tr
ical
en
er
g
y
s
h
o
r
tag
e
d
u
r
i
n
g
t
h
e
o
u
tag
e
s
ti
m
e
s
o
f
d
o
m
es
tic
g
r
i
d
.
T
h
e
n
et
p
r
ese
n
t
co
s
t
a
n
d
g
r
id
-
p
u
r
ch
a
s
ed
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
y
s
te
m
s
ar
e
US$
6
0
,
4
2
0
an
d
0
.
2
5
US$
/k
W
h
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
A
d
d
itio
n
all
y
,
t
h
e
p
en
etr
atio
n
r
ates
o
f
ea
c
h
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
i
n
th
e
p
r
o
j
ec
ted
h
y
b
r
id
s
y
s
te
m
ar
e
p
r
ese
n
ted
i
n
F
ig
u
r
e
7
w
h
er
e
i
t
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
at
th
e
p
en
etr
atio
n
le
v
el
o
f
r
e
n
e
w
ab
le
e
n
er
g
y
i
s
ar
o
u
n
d
8
3
%
an
d
th
e
g
r
id
s
u
p
p
lies
ar
o
u
n
d
1
7
%
o
f
en
er
g
y
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
e
n
ts
f
o
r
th
e
s
ch
o
o
l
to
m
ee
t
th
e
d
ail
y
d
em
a
n
d
.
F
u
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
a
s
o
lar
an
d
b
atter
y
s
o
lu
t
io
n
is
co
n
s
i
d
er
ed
to
b
e
f
ea
s
ib
le
an
d
b
etter
th
an
t
h
e
cu
r
r
e
n
t
s
itu
a
tio
n
b
u
t
t
h
e
co
s
t
o
f
t
h
is
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
e
x
ce
ed
s
t
h
e
f
ir
s
t
t
w
o
s
o
l
u
tio
n
s,
a
n
d
co
n
s
eq
u
e
n
tl
y
,
t
h
is
s
o
l
u
tio
n
is
n
o
t e
co
n
o
m
ical
l
y
f
ea
s
ib
le
i
n
c
o
m
p
ar
is
o
n
w
it
h
th
e
h
y
b
r
id
f
ir
s
t t
w
o
s
o
l
u
tio
n
s
.
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
T
h
e
b
est ca
teg
o
r
ies
o
p
tim
i
s
atio
n
r
esu
lts
b
y
H
OM
E
R
P
r
o
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
9
,
No
.
4
,
A
u
g
u
s
t
201
9
:
2
8
2
2
-
2830
2828
Fig
u
r
e
7.
T
h
e
p
en
etr
atio
n
lev
e
l o
f
ea
ch
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t i
n
th
e
f
ir
s
t h
y
b
r
id
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
[2
3
]
Fu
r
t
h
er
m
o
r
e,
th
e
s
i
m
u
latio
n
f
in
d
in
g
s
e
x
h
ib
it
an
o
th
er
o
p
ti
m
al
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
th
at
co
m
p
o
s
es
o
f
2
6
.
5
k
W
P
V
m
o
d
u
le
s
,
1
4
KW
g
e
n
er
ato
r
,
an
d
9
7
1
k
W
h
o
f
e
n
e
r
g
y
th
at
p
u
r
ch
a
s
ed
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
g
r
id
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
j
ec
te
d
s
y
s
te
m
co
s
t
s
ar
e
1
2
9
,
3
8
1
an
d
0
.
2
5
US$
/k
W
h
as
NP
C
an
d
p
u
r
ch
asi
n
g
o
f
g
r
id
s
u
p
p
lier
r
e
s
p
ec
tiv
el
y
.
I
n
d
ee
d
,
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
o
p
ti
m
al
s
o
lu
t
io
n
a
s
s
o
ciate
s
w
it
h
t
h
e
u
s
e
o
f
d
iese
l
g
en
er
ato
r
an
d
w
i
th
d
if
f
er
en
t p
en
etr
atio
n
lev
el
s
as
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
8
.
I
t
ca
n
b
e
s
ee
n
t
h
at
t
h
e
p
en
etr
atio
n
lev
el
o
f
s
o
lar
en
er
g
y
i
s
ar
o
u
n
d
5
4
.
5
%
w
h
i
le
th
e
d
ie
s
e
l
g
en
er
ato
r
s
u
p
p
lies
ar
o
u
n
d
2
8
.
8
%
an
d
th
e
r
est
ar
e
s
u
p
p
lied
b
y
t
h
e
m
ain
g
r
id
.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
th
e
d
etailed
tech
n
ical
an
d
ec
o
n
o
m
ic
d
ata
o
f
t
h
e
m
ai
n
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
o
f
th
e
h
y
b
r
id
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
i
s
tab
u
lated
i
n
T
ab
le
3
.
Fig
u
r
e
8
.
T
h
e
p
en
etr
atio
n
lev
e
l o
f
ea
ch
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t i
n
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
h
y
b
r
id
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
T
ab
le
3
.
T
h
e
ec
o
n
o
m
ic
a
n
d
tech
n
ica
l d
ata
o
f
th
e
h
y
b
r
id
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
D
e
scri
p
t
i
o
n
D
a
t
a
PV
C
a
p
i
t
a
l
c
o
st
4
1
0
U
S
$
/
k
W
L
i
f
e
t
i
me
2
5
y
e
a
r
s
O
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
ma
i
n
t
e
n
a
n
c
e
c
o
st
1
0
U
S
$
/
y
e
a
r
D
i
e
se
l
G
e
n
e
r
a
t
o
r
R
a
t
e
d
p
o
w
e
r
o
f
e
a
c
h
d
i
e
se
l
u
n
i
t
1
4
k
W
M
i
n
i
m
u
m
a
l
l
o
w
e
d
p
o
w
e
r
4
0
%
o
f
r
a
t
e
d
p
o
w
e
r
O
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
ma
i
n
t
e
n
a
n
c
e
c
o
st
0
.
2
5
U
S
$
/
h
No
-
l
o
a
d
f
u
e
l
c
o
n
s
u
m
p
t
i
o
n
0
.
5
7
l
/
h
F
u
l
l
l
o
a
d
f
u
e
l
c
o
n
s
u
mp
t
i
o
n
2
.
3
l
/
h
L
i
f
e
sp
a
n
1
5
0
0
0
h
r
s
B
a
t
t
e
r
i
e
s
Ty
p
e
o
f
b
a
t
t
e
r
i
e
s
D
e
e
p
C
y
c
l
e
B
a
t
t
e
r
y
N
o
mi
n
a
l
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
(
V
)
12V
N
o
mi
n
a
l
c
a
p
a
c
i
t
y
2
8
0
A
h
S
t
a
t
e
o
f
c
h
a
r
g
e
(
S
O
C
)
3
0
%
O
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
ma
i
n
t
e
n
a
n
c
e
c
o
st
10
/
y
e
a
r
7.
E
NVI
RO
NM
E
NT
AL
B
E
NE
F
I
T
S
T
h
e
u
s
e
o
f
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
a
l
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
s
u
ch
as
g
as,
o
il
an
d
co
al
ass
o
ciate
d
w
it
h
d
estru
c
tiv
e
d
am
a
g
e
to
th
e
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t
an
d
t
h
e
h
ea
lt
h
as
th
e
s
e
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
a
s
s
o
ciate
d
w
it
h
g
as
e
m
is
s
io
n
s
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
ad
o
p
tio
n
o
f
r
en
e
w
ab
le
en
er
g
y
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
s
u
ch
as
s
o
lar
an
d
th
e
w
i
n
d
ca
n
p
la
y
an
es
s
e
n
tial
r
o
le
in
m
i
tig
ati
n
g
th
e
s
er
io
u
s
i
m
p
ac
ts
o
f
f
o
s
s
il
f
u
el
s
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
.
A
l
s
o
,
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
h
y
b
r
id
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
s
ca
n
also
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
g
as
e
m
is
s
io
n
s
a
s
t
h
ese
s
y
s
te
m
s
in
clu
d
e
a
m
i
x
o
f
r
en
e
w
ab
le
en
er
g
y
an
d
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
.
I
n
t
h
is
ca
s
e
s
t
u
d
y
,
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8708
F
ea
s
ib
ilit
y
s
tu
d
y
o
f a
ch
ievin
g
r
elia
b
le
elec
tr
i
city
s
u
p
p
ly
u
s
in
g
h
yb
r
id
p
o
w
e
r
.
..
(
Hu
s
s
a
m
M.
A
lmu
kh
ta
r
)
2829
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
h
y
b
r
id
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
ca
n
p
la
y
a
v
i
tal
r
o
le
in
r
ed
u
ci
n
g
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
em
is
s
io
n
s
.
T
ab
le
4
illu
s
tr
ates
s
o
m
e
r
ed
u
ce
d
g
as
e
m
i
s
s
io
n
s
a
f
ter
ad
d
in
g
t
h
e
h
y
b
r
id
p
o
w
e
r
s
y
s
te
m
to
t
h
e
s
t
u
d
ied
s
c
h
o
o
l.
T
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
g
a
s
e
m
i
s
s
io
n
s
ha
s
b
ee
n
r
ed
u
ce
d
b
y
ar
o
u
n
d
5
6
%
w
it
h
u
s
i
n
g
a
h
y
b
r
id
s
y
s
te
m
co
m
p
o
s
ed
o
f
s
o
lar
P
V,
d
iesel
g
en
er
ato
r
an
d
th
e
g
r
id
s
u
p
p
lier
an
d
b
y
1
0
0
%
with
u
s
i
n
g
a
h
y
b
r
id
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
t
e
m
t
h
at
co
n
s
is
t
s
o
f
s
o
lar
P
V
an
d
b
atter
y
e
n
er
g
y
s
t
o
r
ag
e.
I
n
d
ee
d
,
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
h
y
b
r
id
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
s
i
n
s
u
c
h
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
p
lace
s
ca
n
p
r
o
m
o
te
a
w
ar
e
n
es
s
r
eg
ar
d
i
n
g
t
h
e
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
d
a
m
ag
e
o
f
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
as
w
ell
as
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
th
e
w
id
esp
r
ea
d
o
f
r
en
e
w
ab
le
en
er
g
y
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
i
n
I
r
aq
an
d
m
o
r
e
s
p
ec
if
icall
y
i
n
r
e
m
o
te
lo
ca
tio
n
s
.
T
ab
le
4
.
C
o
m
p
ar
is
o
n
o
f
g
as e
m
is
s
io
n
s
a
m
o
u
n
t
w
it
h
an
d
w
it
h
o
u
t
h
y
b
r
id
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
Emi
ssi
o
n
T
y
p
e
C
u
r
r
e
n
t
G
e
n
+
G
r
i
d
P
V
+
D
i
e
se
l
+
G
r
i
d
P
V
+
B
a
t
t
e
r
y
+
G
r
i
d
C
a
r
b
o
n
D
i
o
x
i
d
e
1
8
,
3
3
2
.
0
1
8
,
0
3
6
.
7
5
-
2
,
1
8
7
.
5
2
K
g
/
y
r
.
C
a
r
b
o
n
M
o
n
o
x
i
d
e
3
2
.
6
9
2
4
.
0
7
0
K
g
/
y
r
.
U
n
b
u
r
n
e
d
H
y
d
r
o
c
a
r
b
o
n
s
3
.
6
2
2
.
6
7
0
K
g
/
y
r
.
P
a
r
t
i
c
u
l
a
t
e
M
a
t
t
e
r
2
.
4
6
1
.
8
1
0
K
g
/
y
r
.
S
u
l
p
h
u
r
D
i
o
x
i
d
e
4
8
.
6
5
1
2
.
1
5
-
9
.
4
8
K
g
/
y
r
.
N
i
t
r
o
g
e
n
O
x
i
d
e
s
3
0
2
.
5
2
2
1
1
.
1
1
-
4
.
6
4
K
g
/
y
r
.
8.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
I
n
th
i
s
s
t
u
d
y
,
t
h
e
s
ize
o
f
P
V,
b
atter
y
,
d
iese
l
g
e
n
er
ato
r
an
d
t
h
e
g
r
id
is
o
p
ti
m
is
ed
b
y
u
s
in
g
HOM
E
R
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
b
ased
o
n
a
tech
n
o
-
ec
o
n
o
m
ic
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
f
o
r
U
m
m
Q
asr
P
r
i
m
ar
y
Sch
o
o
l i
n
I
r
aq
.
I
n
d
ee
d
,
th
e
s
i
m
u
latio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
is
ac
h
iev
ed
b
ased
o
n
h
is
to
r
ical
d
ata
o
f
s
o
lar
ir
r
ad
ian
ce
an
d
a
v
er
ag
e
d
ail
y
lo
ad
f
o
r
th
e
s
t
u
d
ied
s
c
h
o
o
l
w
it
h
a
p
er
io
d
s
tu
d
y
o
f
2
5
y
ea
r
s
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
y
s
te
m
i
s
s
i
m
u
lated
an
d
a
n
al
y
ze
d
w
i
th
co
n
s
id
er
i
n
g
all
th
e
p
o
s
s
ib
le
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
o
f
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
'
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
s
in
o
r
d
er
to
s
u
p
p
ly
t
h
e
d
ail
y
d
e
m
an
d
o
f
U
m
m
Qasr
P
r
im
ar
y
Sch
o
o
l.
A
d
d
itio
n
all
y
,
th
e
n
et
p
r
ese
n
t
co
s
t
is
e
m
p
lo
y
ed
to
co
m
p
ar
e
co
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
s
elec
tio
n
s
b
ased
o
n
th
e
m
o
s
t
ec
o
n
o
m
ic
al
ap
p
r
o
a
ch
.
T
h
e
esti
m
at
io
n
o
f
i
n
s
tall
atio
n
an
d
o
p
er
atio
n
co
s
t
o
v
e
r
th
e
lif
ec
y
cle
at
a
p
ar
ticu
lar
r
eg
io
n
w
er
e
m
a
g
n
if
ice
n
tl
y
an
a
l
y
s
ed
b
y
u
s
i
n
g
th
e
p
r
o
j
ec
t
m
et
h
o
d
o
lo
g
y
.
I
n
d
ee
d
,
th
e
HOM
E
R
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
s
u
g
g
e
s
ted
a
h
y
b
r
id
m
o
d
el
t
h
at
co
m
p
o
s
ed
o
f
s
o
l
ar
P
V,
b
atter
y
a
n
d
g
r
id
s
u
p
p
lier
as
an
o
p
ti
m
al
s
o
lu
tio
n
to
o
v
er
co
m
e
t
h
e
p
r
o
b
lem
o
f
an
elec
tr
ical
o
u
ta
g
e
in
t
h
e
s
t
u
d
ied
s
ch
o
o
l.
T
h
e
o
p
ti
m
al
s
ize
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
y
s
te
m
co
n
s
is
t
s
o
f
2
2
.
4
k
W
s
o
lar
P
V,
5
9
u
n
its
o
f
b
atter
ies
w
ith
5
7
3
8
k
W
h
o
f
en
er
g
y
t
h
at
p
u
r
ch
ased
f
r
o
m
th
e
g
r
id
.
A
l
s
o
,
th
is
h
y
b
r
id
s
y
s
te
m
i
s
ca
p
a
b
le
o
f
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
2
4
h
o
u
r
s
o
f
elec
tr
ic
s
u
p
p
l
y
to
th
e
s
c
h
o
o
l
by
p
r
o
tectin
g
t
h
e
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t,
a
n
d
th
e
h
ea
lt
h
o
f
th
e
p
eo
p
le
f
o
r
m
r
ap
id
in
cr
e
m
e
n
ts
i
n
t
h
e
p
o
llu
tio
n
lev
els.
T
h
e
ad
o
p
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
h
y
b
r
id
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
th
a
t
b
ased
o
n
r
en
e
w
ab
l
e
e
n
er
g
y
r
es
o
u
r
ce
s
ca
n
m
it
ig
ate
th
e
p
r
o
b
lem
o
f
an
elec
tr
ical
o
u
tag
e
i
n
I
r
aq
esp
ec
iall
y
w
ith
t
h
e
a
m
o
u
n
t
o
f
s
o
lar
ir
r
ad
ian
ce
th
at
r
ec
eiv
ed
d
ail
y
in
t
h
e
m
aj
o
r
it
y
o
f
ar
ea
s
in
I
r
a
q
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
in
v
e
s
t
m
en
t
s
i
n
s
o
lar
en
er
g
y
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
en
co
u
r
ag
ed
an
d
s
u
p
p
o
r
ted
in
I
r
aq
as it is th
e
o
n
l
y
p
o
s
s
ib
le
s
o
lu
t
io
n
to
th
e
e
n
er
g
y
cr
is
i
s
in
t
h
e
f
o
r
eseea
b
le
f
u
tu
r
e
i
n
I
r
aq
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
R.
M
o
rim
o
to
a
n
d
C.
Ho
p
e
,
“
T
h
e
im
p
a
c
t
o
f
e
lec
tri
c
it
y
su
p
p
ly
o
n
e
c
o
n
o
m
ic
g
ro
w
th
in
S
ri
L
a
n
k
a
,
”
En
e
rg
y
Eco
n
o
mic
s,
v
o
l.
2
6
,
p
p
.
7
7
-
8
5
,
2
0
0
4
.
[2
]
H.
A
l
T
a
m
e
e
m
i
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
A
R
e
v
i
e
w
o
f
H
y
b
rid
G
e
n
e
ra
ti
o
n
S
y
s
tem
s
,”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
&
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
v
o
l/
issu
e
:
7
(
3
)
,
p
p
.
6
2
5
-
6
2
8
,
2
0
1
8
.
[3
]
R.
M
a
h
a
d
e
v
a
n
a
n
d
J.
A
.
A
d
ja
y
e
,
“
En
e
rg
y
c
o
n
su
m
p
ti
o
n
,
e
c
o
n
o
m
ic
g
ro
w
th
a
n
d
p
rice
s:
A
re
a
s
se
ss
m
e
n
t
u
sin
g
p
a
n
e
l
V
ECM
f
o
r
d
e
v
e
lo
p
e
d
a
n
d
d
e
v
e
lo
p
in
g
c
o
u
n
tri
e
s,
”
E
n
e
rg
y
P
o
li
c
y
,
v
o
l.
3
5
,
p
p
.
2
4
8
1
-
2
4
9
0
,
2
0
0
7
.
[4
]
M
.
H.
A
lo
m
a
ri,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
S
o
lar
P
h
o
t
o
v
o
lt
a
ic
P
o
w
e
r
F
o
r
e
c
a
stin
g
in
Jo
r
d
a
n
U
sin
g
A
rti
f
icia
l
Ne
u
ra
l
Ne
tw
o
rk
s
,”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
a
n
d
C
o
mp
u
ter
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
,
v
o
l/
issu
e
:
8
(1
),
p
p.
4
9
7
,
2
0
1
8
.
[5
]
S
.
E.
M
a
n
k
o
u
r,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
M
o
d
e
li
n
g
a
n
d
S
im
u
latio
n
o
f
a
P
h
o
t
o
v
o
lt
a
ic
F
ield
f
o
r
1
3
KW
,”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
&
Co
mp
u
ter
En
g
in
e
e
ri
n
g
,
v
o
l/
issu
e
:
7
(6
)
,
2
0
1
7
.
[6
]
M
.
o
.
e
.
,
“T
h
e
a
v
e
ra
g
e
su
p
p
ly
a
n
d
d
e
m
a
n
d
M
W
/
y
e
a
r
(1
9
9
0
-
2
0
1
4
)
,
”
2
0
1
6
.
A
v
a
il
a
b
le:
ww
w
.
m
o
e
lc.g
o
v
.
iq
.
[7
]
U
.
N.
C.
T
.
Ira
q
,
“
Ira
q
F
a
c
ts & F
i
g
u
re
s
,
”
2
0
1
6
.
A
v
a
il
a
b
le:
h
tt
p
:/
/i
q
.
o
n
e
.
u
n
.
o
rg
/F
a
c
ts
-
a
n
d
-
F
ig
u
re
s
.
[8
]
H.
A
.
Ka
z
e
m
a
n
d
M
.
T
.
Ch
a
ich
a
n
,
“
S
tatu
s
a
n
d
f
u
tu
re
p
ro
s
p
e
c
ts
o
f
re
n
e
wa
b
le
e
n
e
rg
y
in
Ira
q
,
”
Ren
e
wa
b
le
a
n
d
S
u
sta
in
a
b
le E
n
e
rg
y
Rev
iews
,
v
o
l.
1
6
,
p
p
.
6
0
0
7
-
6
0
1
2
,
2
0
1
2
.
[9
]
A
.
J.
N.
Kh
a
li
f
a
,
“
Ev
a
lu
a
ti
o
n
o
f
d
if
fe
re
n
t
h
y
b
rid
p
o
w
e
r
sc
e
n
a
rio
s
to
Re
v
e
rse
Os
m
o
sis
(RO)
d
e
sa
li
n
a
ti
o
n
u
n
it
s
i
n
iso
late
d
a
re
a
s in
Ira
q
,
”
En
e
rg
y
f
o
r
S
u
st
a
in
a
b
le De
v
e
lo
p
me
n
t,
v
o
l
.
1
5
,
p
p
.
4
9
-
5
4
,
2
0
1
1
.
[1
0
]
S
.
S
.
Dih
ra
b
a
n
d
K.
S
o
p
ian
,
“
El
e
c
tri
c
it
y
g
e
n
e
ra
ti
o
n
o
f
h
y
b
rid
P
V/w
in
d
sy
ste
m
s
in
Ira
q
,
”
Ren
e
wa
b
le
En
e
rg
y
,
v
o
l
.
3
5
,
p
p
.
1
3
0
3
-
1
3
0
7
,
2
0
1
0
.
[1
1
]
Z.
Na
w
a
w
i,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
P
e
rf
o
rm
a
n
c
e
A
n
a
l
y
si
s
o
f
a
VP
V/F
C
Hy
b
rid
S
y
ste
m
f
o
r
G
e
n
e
ra
ti
n
g
El
e
c
tri
c
it
y
in
Ira
q
'
s
R
e
m
o
te
A
re
a
s,
”
T
EL
KOM
NIKA
(
T
e
le
c
o
mm
u
n
ica
t
io
n
Co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
Co
n
tro
l)
,
v
o
l.
1
4
,
p
p
.
4
1
1
-
4
2
2
,
2
0
1
6
.
[1
2
]
L
.
Zh
a
n
g
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
W
in
d
/
P
V
/d
ies
e
l
e
n
e
rg
y
s
y
ste
m
:
M
o
d
e
li
n
g
a
n
d
siz
in
g
o
p
ti
m
iza
ti
o
n
,
”
Po
we
r
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
Ap
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s (
EP
E
2
0
1
1
),
Pro
c
e
e
d
in
g
s o
f
th
e
2
0
1
1
-
1
4
t
h
E
u
ro
p
e
a
n
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
,
p
p
.
1
-
10
,
2
0
1
1
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
9
,
No
.
4
,
A
u
g
u
s
t
201
9
:
2
8
2
2
-
2830
2830
[1
3
]
S
.
T
a
f
re
sh
i,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
Op
ti
m
a
l
u
n
it
siz
in
g
o
f
d
istri
b
u
ted
e
n
e
rg
y
r
e
so
u
rc
e
s
in
m
icro
g
rid
u
sin
g
g
e
n
e
ti
c
a
lg
o
rit
h
m
,
”
El
e
c
trica
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
(
ICEE
),
2
0
1
0
1
8
th
Ira
n
ia
n
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
,
p
p
.
8
3
6
-
841
,
2
0
1
0
.
[1
4
]
A
.
N.
Ce
li
k
,
“
Tec
h
n
o
-
e
c
o
n
o
m
ic
a
n
a
l
y
sis
o
f
a
u
to
n
o
m
o
u
s
P
V
-
w
in
d
h
y
b
rid
e
n
e
rg
y
s
y
ste
m
s
u
sin
g
d
if
fe
re
n
t
siz
in
g
m
e
th
o
d
s,
”
E
n
e
rg
y
Co
n
v
e
rs
io
n
a
n
d
M
a
n
a
g
e
me
n
t,
v
o
l.
4
4
,
p
p
.
1
9
5
1
-
1
9
6
8
,
2
0
0
3
.
[1
5
]
A
.
A
l
-
Ba
d
i,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
Hy
b
rid
s
y
s
tem
s
f
o
r
d
e
c
e
n
tralize
d
p
o
w
e
r
g
e
n
e
ra
ti
o
n
i
n
Om
a
n
,
”
I
n
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
S
u
sta
in
a
b
le E
n
e
rg
y
,
v
o
l
.
3
1
,
p
p
.
4
1
1
-
4
2
1
,
2
0
1
2
.
[1
6
]
F
.
Bo
n
a
n
n
o
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
T
ra
n
sie
n
t
a
n
a
ly
sis
o
f
in
teg
ra
ted
d
ies
e
l
-
w
in
d
-
p
h
o
to
v
o
lt
a
ic
g
e
n
e
ra
ti
o
n
s
y
ste
m
s,
”
IEE
E
tra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
e
n
e
rg
y
c
o
n
v
e
rs
io
n
,
v
o
l.
1
4
,
p
p
.
2
3
2
-
2
3
8
,
1
9
9
9
.
[1
7
]
M
.
Ne
h
rir,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
A
re
v
ie
w
o
f
h
y
b
rid
re
n
e
w
a
b
le/a
lt
e
rn
a
ti
v
e
e
n
e
rg
y
s
y
ste
m
s
f
o
r
e
le
c
tri
c
p
o
we
r
g
e
n
e
ra
ti
o
n
:
Co
n
f
ig
u
ra
ti
o
n
s,
c
o
n
tr
o
l,
a
n
d
a
p
p
l
i
c
a
ti
o
n
s,
”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
S
u
sta
i
n
a
b
le E
n
e
rg
y
,
v
o
l.
2
,
p
p
.
3
9
2
-
4
0
3
,
2
0
1
1
.
[1
8
]
Ro
ll
s
-
S
u
rre
tt
e,
“
Ro
ll
s
-
S
u
rre
tt
e
-
S
1
2
-
95
-
AGM
-
Ba
tt
e
r
y
-
S
p
e
c
if
ic
a
ti
o
n
s
,
”
2
0
1
7
.
A
v
a
il
a
b
le:
//
p
d
f
.
w
h
o
les
a
les
o
lar.co
m
/
b
a
tt
e
ry
-
f
o
l
d
e
r/Ro
ll
s
-
S
u
rre
tt
e
-
S
1
2
-
95
-
AGM
-
Ba
tt
e
r
y
-
S
p
e
c
if
ic
a
ti
o
n
s.
p
d
f
?
_
g
a
=
1
.
6
7
7
3
8
1
9
3
.
1
7
1
3
0
2
3
7
6
.
1
4
8
6
4
3
9
0
2
4
[1
9
]
T
.
L
a
m
b
e
rt,
“
M
icro
p
o
w
e
r
S
y
ste
m
M
o
d
e
li
n
g
w
it
h
Ho
m
e
r
,
”
in
F
.
A
.
F
a
rre
t
a
n
d
M
.
G
.
S
i
m
o
e
s
,
“
In
teg
ra
ti
o
n
o
f
A
lt
e
rn
a
ti
v
e
S
o
u
rc
e
s o
f
En
e
rg
y
,”
2
0
0
6
.
[2
0
]
R.
W
.
G
.
F
.
S
.
T
.
C.
L
im
it
e
d
,
“
En
v
iro
n
m
e
n
tal
p
ro
tec
ti
o
n
s
o
lar
p
a
n
e
ls
in
Ira
q
,
”
2
0
1
7
.
A
v
a
il
a
b
le:
h
tt
p
s:/
/www
.
a
li
b
a
b
a
.
c
o
m
/p
ro
d
u
c
t
-
d
e
tail/
En
v
iro
n
m
e
n
tal
-
p
ro
tec
ti
o
n
-
so
lar
-
p
a
n
e
ls
-
in
-
ira
q
_
6
0
6
2
7
6
1
7
6
1
1
.
h
tm
l
[2
1
]
A
.
P
o
w
e
r
,
“
ET
L
Ce
rti
f
ied
P
o
w
e
r
In
v
e
rters
,
”
2
0
1
7
.
A
v
a
il
a
b
le:
h
tt
p
:
/
/www
.
a
i
m
sc
o
rp
.
n
e
t/
UL
-
L
isted
-
P
o
w
e
r
-
In
v
e
rters
/
[2
2
]
G
.
I.
F
.
P
.
d
a
tab
a
se
,
“
F
u
e
l
P
rice
s Iraq
,
”
2
0
1
7
.
A
v
a
il
a
b
le:
h
tt
p
s://
e
n
e
rg
y
p
e
d
ia.i
n
f
o
/w
ik
i/
F
u
e
l_
P
r
ice
s_
Ira
q
[2
3
]
I.
A
.
n
e
t
w
o
rk
,
“
Da
il
y
Da
ta
Ka
rb
a
la
,
”
2016
.
A
v
a
il
a
b
le:
h
tt
p
:/
/ag
ro
m
e
t.
g
o
v
.
iq
/i
n
d
e
x
.
p
h
p
?
n
a
m
e
=
P
a
g
e
s&
o
p
=
p
a
g
e
&
p
id
=
2
0
7
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.