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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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I
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(
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5547
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ese
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
es a
r
e
g
en
er
ally
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
u
s
i
n
g
m
icr
o
o
r
n
an
o
elec
tr
o
m
ec
h
an
i
ca
l s
y
s
te
m
s
,
m
icr
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
s
,
elec
tr
ical
R
ad
io
Fre
q
u
en
c
y
(
R
F)
s
w
itc
h
es s
u
c
h
as
m
etal
s
e
m
ico
n
d
u
c
to
r
f
ield
e
f
f
e
ct
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
,
d
io
d
e
-
b
ased
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
ies
s
u
c
h
a
s
P
-
t
y
p
e
N
-
t
y
p
e
in
s
u
lato
r
d
io
d
es,
v
ar
ac
to
r
s
o
r
t
u
n
ea
b
le
m
ater
ial
s
[
7
]
.
A
lter
n
at
iv
el
y
,
g
r
ap
h
e
n
e
's
t
u
n
ea
b
le
s
u
r
f
ac
e
i
m
p
ed
a
n
ce
ca
n
also
b
e
p
u
t
to
u
s
e
i
n
r
ec
o
n
f
i
g
u
r
ab
le
an
ten
n
a
s
.
Gr
ap
h
en
e,
a
co
m
b
i
n
ed
ca
r
b
o
n
s
h
ee
t
ar
r
an
g
ed
i
n
a
h
e
x
a
g
o
n
al
lat
tice
i
n
t
w
o
d
i
m
en
s
io
n
al
s
(
2
Ds),
al
lo
w
s
m
u
lti
f
u
n
ctio
n
alit
y
i
n
ter
m
s
o
f
s
i
g
n
al
e
m
i
s
s
io
n
,
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
,
m
o
d
u
latio
n
,
an
d
d
etec
tio
n
,
an
d
f
ea
t
u
r
es b
r
o
ad
b
an
d
,
h
ig
h
s
p
ee
d
,
co
m
p
ac
t
s
ize,
an
d
p
ar
ticu
lar
l
y
lo
w
lo
s
s
[
8
,
9
]
.
Gr
ap
h
en
e
m
ater
ial
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
in
a
t
u
n
ea
b
le
a
n
te
n
n
a
in
s
u
c
h
a
m
an
n
er
t
h
at
t
h
e
co
n
d
u
cti
v
it
y
o
f
th
e
s
u
r
f
ac
e
i
s
c
h
an
g
ed
b
y
ap
p
ly
in
g
an
ex
ter
n
al
elec
tr
ical
f
iel
d
to
th
e
g
r
ap
h
e
n
e
s
h
ee
t.
T
h
e
g
r
ap
h
en
e
ad
m
itta
n
ce
is
ad
j
u
s
ted
b
y
ap
p
l
y
i
n
g
a
Dir
ec
t
C
u
r
r
en
t
(
DC
)
v
o
lta
g
e
b
ias
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
g
r
ap
h
e
n
e
s
h
ee
t
an
d
th
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g
r
o
u
n
d
i
n
s
u
c
h
a
w
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y
t
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at
t
h
e
ON
a
n
d
OFF
s
tate
s
b
ec
o
m
e
h
ig
h
an
d
lo
w
i
m
p
ed
a
n
ce
,
r
esp
ec
ti
v
el
y
,
as
ill
u
s
tr
ated
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
T
h
is
e
f
f
ec
t
is
u
s
ed
to
v
ar
y
th
e
e
lectr
ical
d
i
m
en
s
i
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
a
n
te
n
n
a
s
a
n
d
th
u
s
c
h
an
g
e
t
h
e
r
eso
n
an
t
f
r
eq
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en
c
y
as
d
esire
d
.
Ho
w
e
v
e
r
,
g
r
ap
h
en
e
is
n
o
t
li
m
ited
to
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ein
g
a
n
alter
n
a
tiv
e
to
a
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n
v
e
n
tio
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al
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F
s
w
itc
h
;
it c
an
also
b
e
u
s
ed
to
m
a
k
e
t
h
e
r
ad
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g
a
n
te
n
n
a
its
e
lf
.
Gr
ap
h
en
e
tu
n
ea
b
le
a
n
te
n
n
a
s
h
av
e
b
ee
n
m
o
s
tl
y
s
tu
d
ied
in
t
h
e
in
f
r
ar
ed
an
d
ter
ah
er
tz
f
r
eq
u
en
c
ies,
a
s
g
r
ap
h
e
n
e
ca
n
s
ig
n
i
f
ica
n
tl
y
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
s
ize
o
f
t
h
e
a
n
te
n
n
a
an
d
p
r
o
v
id
e
h
ig
h
an
te
n
n
a
r
ec
o
n
f
i
g
u
r
ab
ilit
y
[
1
0
,
1
1
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Gr
ap
h
en
e
-
b
a
s
ed
tu
n
ea
b
le
an
ten
n
a
I
n
t
h
is
w
o
r
k
,
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
d
esig
n
o
f
t
h
e
t
u
n
ea
b
le
s
in
g
l
e
r
ec
tan
g
u
lar
Mic
r
o
s
tr
ip
P
atch
An
te
n
n
a
(
MP
A
)
an
d
tu
n
ea
b
le
r
ec
tan
g
u
lar
Mic
r
o
s
tr
ip
P
atch
Ar
r
ay
An
ten
n
a
(
MP
AA
)
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
s
u
f
f
icie
n
t
r
ec
o
n
f
i
g
u
r
ab
ilit
y
r
a
n
g
e
to
co
m
p
e
n
s
ate
f
o
r
t
h
e
n
ar
r
o
w
b
a
n
d
w
id
th
o
f
Mic
r
o
s
tr
ip
P
atch
A
n
te
n
n
as
(
MP
A
s
)
.
Sin
ce
m
m
-
w
a
v
e
an
te
n
n
as
m
a
d
e
en
tire
l
y
o
f
g
r
ap
h
e
n
e
ar
e
ex
p
ec
ted
to
h
av
e
lo
w
an
ten
n
a
ef
f
icie
n
cies
an
d
s
m
al
l
r
ec
o
n
f
i
g
u
r
ab
ilit
y
r
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g
es,
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
d
esig
n
o
f
t
h
e
tu
n
ea
b
l
e
s
in
g
le
r
ec
tan
g
u
lar
MP
A
a
n
d
r
ec
tan
g
u
lar
MP
AA
h
er
e
u
s
es
a
h
y
b
r
id
o
f
co
p
p
er
an
d
g
r
ap
h
e
n
e
to
ac
h
iev
e
r
ea
s
o
n
ab
le
an
ten
n
a
e
f
f
icien
c
y
a
n
d
a
n
ten
n
a
g
ai
n
an
d
a
n
ac
ce
p
tab
le
tu
n
ea
b
le
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
r
an
g
e.
T
h
e
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
o
f
th
e
p
ap
er
ca
n
b
e
s
u
m
m
ar
ized
as
f
o
llo
w
s
:
Sect
io
n
2
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
b
r
ief
d
escr
ip
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
r
ec
tan
g
u
lar
MP
A
s
t
r
u
ctu
r
e.
Sect
io
n
3
i
ll
u
s
tr
ates
th
e
s
i
m
u
la
tio
n
o
f
th
e
a
n
ten
n
a
b
y
u
s
in
g
t
h
e
M
A
T
L
A
B
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
to
o
b
tain
a
n
ten
n
a
d
i
m
e
n
s
io
n
s
a
n
d
th
e
C
o
m
p
u
ter
Si
m
u
latio
n
T
ec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
(
C
ST
)
Mic
r
o
w
a
v
e
Stu
d
io
(
MW
S)
to
s
i
m
u
late
a
s
in
g
le
r
ec
ta
n
g
u
lar
MP
A
.
S
ec
tio
n
4
illu
s
tr
ates
th
e
s
i
m
u
latio
n
an
d
m
o
d
eli
n
g
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
d
esig
n
o
f
g
r
ap
h
e
n
e
-
b
ased
tu
n
ea
b
l
e
s
in
g
le
r
ec
tan
g
u
lar
MP
A
.
Sectio
n
5
illu
s
tr
ates
t
h
e
s
i
m
u
latio
n
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
d
esig
n
o
f
g
r
ap
h
en
e
-
b
ased
t
u
n
ea
b
le
r
ec
tan
g
u
lar
MP
AA
.
Sectio
n
6
illu
s
tr
ates
t
h
e
d
is
c
u
s
s
io
n
o
f
t
h
e
o
b
tain
ed
r
es
u
lts
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
ti
m
e
d
o
m
ai
n
s
o
lv
er
o
f
th
e
C
ST
-
MW
S
af
ter
th
e
co
m
p
letio
n
o
f
t
h
e
d
esi
g
n
o
f
t
h
e
t
u
n
ea
b
le
s
i
n
g
le
r
ec
ta
n
g
u
lar
M
P
A
an
d
t
h
e
t
u
n
ea
b
le
r
ec
tan
g
u
lar
MP
AA
.
F
in
al
l
y
,
S
ec
tio
n
7
illu
s
tr
ates c
o
n
cl
u
d
es
o
f
th
i
s
p
ap
er
.
2.
RE
C
T
AN
G
U
L
AR
M
P
A
T
h
e
b
asic
co
n
s
tr
u
ctio
n
o
f
t
h
e
s
in
g
le
r
ec
ta
n
g
u
lar
MP
A
is
illu
s
tr
ated
in
F
ig
u
r
e
2
.
T
h
e
r
ec
tan
g
u
la
r
MP
A
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
a
r
ad
iatin
g
p
atch
w
ith
le
n
g
t
h
(
)
,
w
id
t
h
(
)
,
t
r
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
li
n
e,
an
d
g
r
o
u
n
d
p
lan
e
w
h
er
e
ar
e
t
y
p
icall
y
m
ad
e
f
r
o
m
co
p
p
er
.
T
h
e
r
ad
iatin
g
p
atch
an
d
th
e
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
li
n
e
s
it
o
n
to
p
o
f
a
s
u
b
s
tr
ate
w
i
th
th
ic
k
n
e
s
s
(
ℎ
)
an
d
p
er
m
itti
v
it
y
(
)
[
1
2
]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
10
,
No
.
5
,
Octo
b
e
r
2
0
2
0
:
5
5
4
6
-
5558
5548
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Di
m
e
n
s
io
n
s
o
f
t
h
e
s
i
n
g
le
r
ec
ta
n
g
u
lar
MP
A
an
d
f
ee
d
lin
e
3.
ANT
E
NNA
D
E
SI
G
N
AND
M
O
DE
L
I
N
G
I
n
th
i
s
p
ap
er
,
a
tu
n
ea
b
le
s
i
n
g
l
e
r
ec
tan
g
u
lar
MP
A
a
n
d
r
ec
tan
g
u
lar
MP
AA
b
ased
o
n
h
y
b
r
id
o
f
co
p
p
er
an
d
g
r
ap
h
e
n
e
m
ater
ial
ar
e
s
i
m
u
lated
a
n
d
o
p
ti
m
ized
f
o
r
5
G
a
p
p
licatio
n
s
.
T
ab
le
1
s
ets
th
e
e
s
s
e
n
tial
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
f
o
r
d
esig
n
i
n
g
a
s
in
g
le
r
ec
tan
g
u
lar
MP
A
.
I
n
th
i
s
w
o
r
k
,
t
h
e
in
s
et
f
ee
d
in
g
tech
n
iq
u
e
is
u
s
e
d
to
o
b
tain
th
e
b
est
i
m
p
ed
an
ce
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et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
a
n
te
n
n
a
a
n
d
th
e
s
o
u
r
ce
o
f
th
e
elec
tr
ical
w
a
v
e,
w
h
er
e
t
h
e
i
n
p
u
t
i
m
p
ed
an
ce
o
f
th
e
r
ec
tan
g
u
lar
MP
A
in
s
et
-
f
ee
d
d
ep
en
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s
o
n
th
e
f
ee
d
i
n
s
et
(
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an
d
,
to
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o
m
e
e
x
te
n
t,
t
h
e
g
ap
f
ee
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n
e
s
p
ac
in
g
(
)
.
T
h
e
r
eso
n
an
t
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
s
h
i
f
ts
w
i
th
th
e
v
ar
iatio
n
i
n
,
an
d
th
e
r
etu
r
n
lo
s
s
o
f
th
e
a
n
te
n
n
a
c
h
an
g
es
w
it
h
th
e
v
ar
iat
io
n
i
n
[
1
3
]
.
T
h
e
g
r
o
u
n
d
p
lan
e,
s
u
b
s
tr
ate,
p
atch
,
an
d
f
ee
d
lin
e
d
i
m
e
n
s
io
n
s
o
f
t
h
e
s
i
m
u
lated
a
n
ten
n
a
ar
e
s
u
m
m
ar
ize
d
i
n
T
ab
le
2
,
w
h
ich
h
as
b
ee
n
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
w
it
h
t
h
e
h
elp
o
f
M
A
T
L
A
B
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
an
d
th
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
eq
u
atio
n
s
[
1
4
,
1
5
]
.
T
ab
le
1
.
E
s
s
en
tial
a
n
te
n
n
a
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
P
a
r
a
me
t
e
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I
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&
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p
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n
g
I
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N:
2
0
8
8
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h
e
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ST
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MW
S.
Fi
g
u
r
e
3
ill
u
s
tr
ate
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t
h
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s
in
g
le
r
ec
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lar
MP
A
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s
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ST
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n
th
i
s
w
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k
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e
m
ai
n
ai
m
s
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th
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ti
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p
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s
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ar
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h
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te
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f
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s
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m
ac
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0
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m
m
[
1
6
]
)
.
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h
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r
e,
th
e
o
p
ti
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n
p
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h
e
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est
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3
s
u
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u
r
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3
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m
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
10
,
No
.
5
,
Octo
b
e
r
2
0
2
0
:
5
5
4
6
-
5558
5550
4.
G
RAP
H
E
NE
-
B
AS
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D
T
UN
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AB
L
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N
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er
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em
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s
tr
ate
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h
e
u
s
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o
f
g
r
ap
h
en
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n
a
f
r
eq
u
en
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o
n
f
i
g
u
r
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le
an
ten
n
a,
th
e
m
a
in
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esig
n
s
tu
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s
a
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ec
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g
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lar
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y
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id
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A
w
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atch
w
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r
ap
h
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n
s
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ted
i
n
s
id
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it.
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h
e
f
ir
s
t
s
tep
o
f
t
h
e
d
esi
g
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
is
to
c
h
o
o
s
e
t
h
e
g
r
ap
h
e
n
e
s
tr
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s
’
lo
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s
w
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th
i
n
t
h
e
an
te
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n
a
’
s
r
ad
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g
p
atch
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y
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
th
e
s
u
r
f
a
ce
cu
r
r
en
t
d
is
tr
ib
u
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io
n
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t
th
e
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o
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th
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r
ea
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le
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r
r
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d
en
s
it
y
.
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h
e
cu
r
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t
d
en
s
i
t
y
at
th
e
r
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t
f
r
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en
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y
s
h
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s
a
g
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ter
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m
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lated
c
u
r
r
en
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h
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n
g
p
atch
,
as
ill
u
s
tr
ated
in
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
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u
r
e
4
.
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h
e
s
u
r
f
ac
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cu
r
r
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f
th
e
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n
ten
n
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at
t
h
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r
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n
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f
r
eq
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h
e
g
r
ap
h
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th
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f
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r
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u
lt,
d
i
f
f
er
e
n
t
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C
b
ias
v
o
ltag
e
s
(
i.e
.
1
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d
2
)
ca
n
b
e
ap
p
lied
to
ea
ch
o
f
t
h
e
g
r
ap
h
en
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s
tr
ip
s
u
s
i
n
g
in
d
iv
id
u
al
D
C
b
ias
li
n
es
[
1
7
]
.
I
n
th
is
w
o
r
k
,
t
h
e
g
r
ap
h
e
n
e
s
tr
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s
u
r
r
o
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ed
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y
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p
er
.
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ce
,
th
at
s
ep
ar
ate
co
ax
ial
p
o
r
ts
ar
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
to
ap
p
ly
a
d
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f
f
er
e
n
t
v
alu
e
o
f
to
ea
ch
g
r
ap
h
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n
e
s
tr
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.
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e,
th
e
f
ir
s
t
ap
p
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ac
h
in
th
e
an
ten
n
a
d
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u
s
e
s
a
m
e
f
o
r
all
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r
ap
h
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s
tr
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s
.
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n
o
r
d
er
to
ac
h
iev
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pr
ac
tical
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e
s
f
o
r
th
e
ON
a
n
d
OFF s
u
r
f
ac
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i
m
p
ed
a
n
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s
(
an
d
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e
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I
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ate
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T
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th
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eter
m
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ab
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s
u
m
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izes t
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ce
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ON
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d
OFF s
ta
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n
th
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k
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d
if
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er
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n
t
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u
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ate
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G
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s
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ated
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Fig
u
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e
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.
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er
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
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8
8
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8708
I
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&
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Vo
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10
,
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5
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Octo
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r
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5
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5558
5552
p
ar
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t
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ac
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m
p
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n
en
ts
[
23
].
T
ab
le
6
s
u
m
m
ar
izes
t
h
e
co
r
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ate
f
ee
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eter
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ig
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g
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a
s
illu
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t
r
ated
in
Fig
u
r
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.
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u
r
e
6
.
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ate
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ee
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f
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g
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.
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1
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
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&
C
o
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p
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g
I
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N:
2
0
8
8
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micro
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a
tch
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n
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n
a
.
.
.
(
Ha
mza
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r
h
o
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r
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r
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1
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at
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e
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ai
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g
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a
n
d
th
e
tu
n
ea
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le
r
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g
u
lar
MP
AA
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
1
.
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etu
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n
lo
s
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v
s
f
r
eq
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en
c
y
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t
h
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t
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lar
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o
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er
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(
a)
(
b
)
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c
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(
d
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f
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Fig
u
r
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1
2
.
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o
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th
e
t
u
n
ea
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le
r
ec
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g
u
lar
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,
(
a)
=
5
5
.
9
4
GHz
,
(
b
)
=
5
6
.
4
3
GHz
,
(
c)
=
5
8
.
9
1
7
GHz
,
(
d
)
=
5
9
.
6
4
7
G
Hz
,
(
e)
=
5
9
.
8
2
9
5
GHz
,
(
f
)
=
5
9
.
9
5
1
5
GHz
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