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I
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8708
I
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&
C
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p
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n
g
,
Vo
l.
10
,
No
.
1
,
Feb
r
u
ar
y
2
0
2
0
:
1
0
6
3
-
1
0
6
9
1064
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ax
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ize
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Fig
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s
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er
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o
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Fig
u
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.
s
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m
a
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i
m
u
m
s
ize
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f
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e
d
ig
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n
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y
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er
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at
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is
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o
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th
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I
n
d
o
n
e
s
ia
n
p
o
p
u
latio
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is
≤
7
7
×5
4
.
(
a)
(
b
)
(
c)
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
P
r
elim
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3.
P
RO
P
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M
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H
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D
T
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y
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ar
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tex
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ar
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ar
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e
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Ma
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B
ased
A
u
g
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en
ted
R
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p
licatio
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s
ca
n
u
s
e
lar
g
e
d
i
g
ita
l
o
b
j
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ts
th
at
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e
s
till
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f
o
r
d
ab
le.
Ver
tex
m
ar
k
er
s
ar
e
th
e
r
esu
lt o
f
m
o
d
i
f
y
i
n
g
th
e
Gr
id
m
et
h
o
d
.
T
h
e
m
et
h
o
d
f
o
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p
r
o
d
u
cin
g
v
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rt
e
x
m
ar
k
er
s
b
y
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8708
V
ertex
ma
r
ke
r
s
:
mo
d
ifica
tio
n
o
f g
r
id
meth
o
d
s
a
s
ma
r
ke
r
s
to
r
ep
r
o
d
u
ce
la
r
g
e
s
iz
e…
(
W
a
h
yu
Teja
K
u
s
u
ma
)
1065
M
o
d
if
y
t
h
e
G
r
id
P
r
o
d
u
c
in
g
M
a
r
ke
r
s
Cu
t
t
in
g
D
ig
it
a
l
O
b
j
e
c
t
s
St
a
r
t
D
e
t
e
r
m
in
in
g
G
r
id
D
im
e
n
s
io
n
s
E
n
d
U
s
e
r
H
a
n
d
R
e
a
c
h
I
n
s
t
a
ll
in
g
V
e
r
t
e
x
M
a
r
k
e
r
s
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
Flo
w
d
iag
r
a
m
of
m
e
th
o
d
f
o
r
p
r
o
d
u
cin
g
v
er
te
x
m
ar
k
er
s
3
.
1
.
User
ha
nd
re
a
ch
T
h
e
r
ea
ch
o
f
th
e
u
s
er
's h
a
n
d
is
a
lo
n
g
s
h
o
u
ld
er
-
g
r
ip
f
o
r
w
ar
d
.
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h
e
r
ea
ch
o
f
th
e
u
s
er
s
i
n
th
i
s
s
tu
d
y
u
s
e
s
d
ata
o
n
th
e
r
ea
c
h
o
f
th
e
I
n
d
o
n
esian
p
o
p
u
lat
io
n
.
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h
e
h
a
n
d
co
v
er
ag
e
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ata
o
f
t
h
e
I
n
d
o
n
e
s
ian
p
o
p
u
latio
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s
ed
is
th
e
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
h
a
n
d
r
ea
ch
ca
lc
u
lated
f
r
o
m
1
0
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4
9
y
ea
r
s
o
ld
[
2
5
]
.
3
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2
.
Det
er
m
i
nin
g
g
rid di
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e
ns
io
ns
Dete
r
m
i
n
i
n
g
t
h
e
Gr
id
d
i
m
e
n
s
io
n
b
eg
i
n
s
b
y
d
eter
m
i
n
i
n
g
th
e
s
ize
o
f
t
h
e
ce
ll
to
b
e
u
s
ed
.
T
h
e
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
e
n
t
m
e
th
o
d
o
f
a
ce
ll
is
s
h
o
w
n
in
p
r
eli
m
i
n
ar
y
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ch
.
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h
e
ce
ll
s
ize
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tain
ed
is
eq
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al
to
th
e
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
ar
ea
o
f
v
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w
o
f
th
e
ca
m
er
a
at
th
e
id
ea
l
d
is
ta
n
ce
o
f
th
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m
ar
tp
h
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n
e
w
it
h
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s
er
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y
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h
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n
th
e
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s
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ch
.
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ased
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n
th
e
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lts
o
f
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p
r
eli
m
i
n
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ch
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e
ce
ll
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ize
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m
it
t
h
at
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n
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e
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s
ed
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e
d
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lo
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er
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4
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m
.
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ased
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n
th
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ize
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f
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ll,
th
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n
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id
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m
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n
s
io
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eter
m
i
n
ed
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id
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lar
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e
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ig
ital
o
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m
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lar
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e
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ig
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tal
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j
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ts
in
to
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ce
ll
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f
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co
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m
n
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m
u
ltip
lied
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w
s
.
3
.
3
.
Cut
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dig
it
a
l o
bje
ct
s
C
u
t
tin
g
lar
g
e
d
ig
i
tal
o
b
j
ec
ts
ai
m
s
to
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r
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d
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ce
p
iece
s
o
f
d
ig
ital
o
b
j
ec
ts
w
ith
a
s
ize
o
f
≤
77
×
54
cm
.
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u
t
tin
g
lar
g
e
d
ig
ita
l
o
b
j
ec
ts
is
d
o
n
e
u
s
in
g
th
e
Gr
id
m
eth
o
d
.
T
h
e
r
ef
er
en
ce
f
o
r
cu
ttin
g
lar
g
e
d
ig
ital
o
b
j
ec
ts
is
th
e
ed
g
e
o
f
t
h
e
Gr
id
.
C
u
tti
n
g
d
ig
ital o
b
j
ec
ts
is
d
o
n
e
u
s
in
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A
d
o
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P
h
o
to
s
h
o
p
as
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
4.
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
C
u
tti
n
g
d
ig
ita
l o
b
j
ec
ts
u
s
in
g
t
h
e
g
r
id
m
e
th
o
d
3
.
4
.
M
o
dify
ing
t
he
g
rid
Mo
d
if
y
i
n
g
th
e
Gr
id
is
d
o
n
e
b
y
r
e
m
o
v
in
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ed
g
es
a
n
d
m
ai
n
tai
n
in
g
t
h
e
v
er
te
x
.
E
d
g
e
m
u
s
t
b
e
r
em
o
v
ed
,
b
ec
au
s
e
i
f
i
t
i
s
n
o
t
r
e
m
o
v
ed
,
th
en
t
h
e
Gr
id
i
s
s
till
in
tact.
As
a
r
es
u
lt,
th
e
w
h
o
le
G
r
id
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s
s
t
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n
s
id
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ed
as
a
w
h
o
le
m
ar
k
er
b
y
t
h
e
ap
p
licatio
n
.
T
h
is
p
h
ase
o
f
r
e
m
o
v
i
n
g
t
h
e
ed
g
e
lea
v
es
a
v
er
te
x
.
Ver
tex
is
u
s
ed
as
a
r
ef
er
en
ce
f
o
r
th
e
p
lace
m
en
t o
f
m
ar
k
er
s
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lt o
f
Gr
id
m
o
d
i
f
icat
io
n
is
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
10
,
No
.
1
,
Feb
r
u
ar
y
2
0
2
0
:
1
0
6
3
-
1
0
6
9
1066
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lt o
f
g
r
id
m
o
d
if
icatio
n
3
.
5
.
P
r
o
du
cing
m
a
r
k
er
s
P
r
o
d
u
cin
g
v
er
te
x
m
ar
k
er
s
is
d
o
n
e
u
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
A
d
o
b
e
P
h
o
to
s
h
o
p
ap
p
licatio
n
.
Ver
tex
m
ar
k
er
s
ar
e
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
u
s
in
g
t
h
e
Gr
a
y
s
ca
l
e
i
m
ag
e
f
o
r
m
at.
I
m
a
g
es
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
f
o
r
m
ar
k
er
s
ca
n
b
e
an
y
th
i
n
g
.
T
h
er
e
is
n
o
s
p
ec
if
icatio
n
o
f
t
h
e
s
p
ec
i
f
ied
i
m
a
g
e.
I
n
th
i
s
s
t
u
d
y
t
h
e
i
m
a
g
e
u
s
ed
a
s
a
m
ar
k
er
is
a
w
h
ite
alp
h
ab
et
in
a
b
lac
k
s
q
u
ar
e.
T
h
e
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
o
f
i
m
a
g
es
u
s
ed
f
o
r
m
ar
k
er
s
is
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
6
.
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
P
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
o
f
d
r
a
w
i
n
g
s
f
o
r
m
ar
k
er
s
3
.
6
.
I
ns
t
a
llin
g
v
er
t
ex
m
a
r
k
e
rs
I
n
s
tallat
io
n
o
f
m
ar
k
er
s
u
s
i
n
g
v
er
tex
as
a
r
ef
er
en
ce
is
s
h
o
w
n
in
F
ig
u
r
e.
E
ac
h
ce
ll
h
as
f
o
u
r
v
er
te
x
m
ar
k
er
s
.
T
h
is
m
ea
n
s
th
a
t
to
d
is
p
la
y
d
ig
i
tal
o
b
j
ec
ts
,
A
u
g
m
e
n
ted
R
ea
lit
y
ca
m
er
a
s
m
u
s
t
ca
p
tu
r
e
all
f
o
u
r
v
er
te
x
m
ar
k
er
s
i
n
o
n
e
ce
ll.
T
h
e
ill
u
s
tr
atio
n
o
f
t
h
e
v
er
te
x
m
ar
k
er
in
s
t
allatio
n
is
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
Ver
tex
m
ar
k
er
in
s
tal
latio
n
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8708
V
ertex
ma
r
ke
r
s
:
mo
d
ifica
tio
n
o
f g
r
id
meth
o
d
s
a
s
ma
r
ke
r
s
to
r
ep
r
o
d
u
ce
la
r
g
e
s
iz
e…
(
W
a
h
yu
Teja
K
u
s
u
ma
)
1067
4.
RE
SU
L
T
S
A
ND
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
NS
Af
ter
t
h
e
p
r
eli
m
i
n
ar
y
r
esear
ch
an
d
m
o
d
if
icatio
n
o
f
t
h
e
Gr
id
m
et
h
o
d
b
ec
am
e
a
m
ar
k
er
,
th
e
n
t
h
e
n
e
x
t
s
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V
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ma
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:
mo
d
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tio
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o
f g
r
id
meth
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s
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s
to
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(
W
a
h
yu
Teja
K
u
s
u
ma
)
1069
5.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
is
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t
u
d
y
s
u
cc
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ed
in
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d
if
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th
e
Gr
id
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eth
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d
to
b
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co
m
e
a
v
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tex
m
ar
k
er
.
Ver
te
x
m
ar
k
er
s
in
h
er
i
t
th
e
ad
v
a
n
tag
e
s
o
f
th
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m
et
h
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d
.
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h
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r
e,
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e
v
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tex
m
ar
k
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ca
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b
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u
s
ed
to
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d
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w
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.
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RE
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S
[1
]
D.
Yu
li
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P
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In
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v
o
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1
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1
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[2
]
D.
S
.
A
b
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ted
Re
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,
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In
t.
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0
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6
.
[3
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Ly
tri
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A
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T
sin
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k
o
s,
a
n
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Ka
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Di
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l.
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n
st.
,
2
0
1
8
.
[4
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Re
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D.
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a
tt
i,
A.
De
sa
i,
a
n
d
N.
L
a
d
e
,
―
M
a
rk
e
r
B
a
se
d
A
u
g
m
e
n
ted
Re
a
li
ty
T
e
c
h
n
iq
u
e
s:
Re
v
iew
,
‖
IOS
R
J
.
E
n
g
.
,
v
o
l.
3
,
2
0
1
8
.
[7
]
A
.
M
a
it
i,
A
.
D.
M
a
x
w
e
ll
,
a
n
d
A
.
A
.
Kist,
―
Us
in
g
M
a
r
k
e
r
b
a
s
e
d
Au
g
m
e
n
ted
Re
a
li
t
y
a
n
d
Na
tu
ra
l
Us
e
r
In
terf
a
c
e
f
o
r
In
tera
c
ti
v
e
Re
m
o
te E
x
p
e
ri
m
e
n
ts,
‖
IEE
E
,
2
0
1
7
.
[8
]
M
.
F
.
No
rra
ji
a
n
d
M
.
S
.
S
u
n
a
r,
―
wA
Rn
a
-
M
o
b
il
e
-
b
a
se
d
A
u
g
m
e
n
ted
Re
a
li
ty
Co
lo
u
rin
g
B
o
o
k
,
‖
IEE
E
,
2
0
1
5
.
[9
]
R.
L
a
y
o
n
a
,
B.
Yu
l
ian
to
,
a
n
d
Y.
T
u
n
a
rd
i,
―
W
e
b
b
a
se
d
A
u
g
m
e
n
ted
Re
a
li
ty
f
o
r
Hu
m
a
n
Bo
d
y
A
n
a
t
o
m
y
L
e
a
rn
in
g
,
‖
El
se
v
ier
L
t
d
,
2
0
1
8
.
[1
0
]
H.
P
ra
d
i
b
ta,
―
A
u
g
m
e
n
ted
Re
a
li
t
y
:
Da
il
y
P
ra
y
e
rs
f
o
r
P
re
sc
h
o
o
ler S
t
u
d
e
n
t
,
‖
iJIM
,
v
o
l.
1
2
,
2
0
1
8
.
[1
1
]
F
.
A
.
A
z
iz,
F
.
A
b
d
u
ll
a
h
,
a
n
d
L
.
L
.
W
in
,
―
Us
in
g
M
a
rk
e
r
Ba
se
d
A
u
g
m
e
n
ted
Re
a
li
ty
f
o
r
T
ra
in
in
g
in
A
u
to
m
o
ti
v
e
In
d
u
stry
,
‖
In
t.
J
.
Rec
e
n
t
T
e
c
h
n
o
l.
En
g
.
,
v
o
l.
7
,
2
0
1
8
.
[1
2
]
D.
A
d
rian
to
,
F
.
A
.
L
u
w
in
d
a
,
a
n
d
V.
Ye
sm
a
y
a
,
―
A
u
g
m
e
n
ted
Re
a
li
t
y
I
m
p
l
e
m
e
n
tatio
n
in
W
a
tch
Ca
talo
g
a
s
E
-
M
a
rk
e
ti
n
g
Ba
se
d
o
n
M
o
b
il
e
A
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
,
‖
In
t
.
Co
n
f.
Co
mp
u
t.
Ap
p
l.
I
n
fo
rm
a
ti
c
s
,
2
0
1
6
.
[1
3
]
L
.
m
e
n
g
Ch
u
n
,
H.
A
rsh
a
d
,
S
.
S
.
M
.
Niz
a
m
,
a
n
d
S
.
A
.
A
.
S
h
u
k
ri,
―
A
Us
a
b
il
it
y
Ev
a
lu
a
ti
o
n
o
f
a
n
In
tera
c
ti
v
e
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
f
o
r
Ha
lal
P
r
o
d
u
c
ts
Us
in
g
Op
ti
c
a
l
Ch
a
ra
c
ter
Re
c
o
g
n
it
io
n
a
n
d
A
u
g
m
e
n
ted
Re
a
li
t
y
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
ies
,
‖
2
n
d
In
t
.
Co
n
f.
Ap
p
l.
S
c
i.
T
e
c
h
n
o
l.
,
2
0
1
7
.
[1
4
]
M
.
Dim
it
ris
a
n
d
M
.
Do
u
k
a
s,
―
A
W
e
b
-
b
a
se
d
P
l
a
tf
o
rm
f
o
r
Cu
sto
m
e
r
In
teg
ra
ti
o
n
in
th
e
De
c
e
n
tralise
d
M
a
n
u
f
a
c
tu
rin
g
o
f
P
e
rso
n
a
li
se
d
P
r
o
d
u
c
ts,
‖
El
se
v
ier
,
2
0
1
2
.
[1
5
]
L
.
W
.
S
h
a
n
g
,
M
.
H.
Zak
a
ria,
a
n
d
I.
A
h
m
a
d
,
―
M
o
b
il
e
P
h
o
n
e
A
u
g
m
e
n
ted
Re
a
li
t
y
P
o
stc
a
rd
,
‖
J
.
T
e
lec
o
mm
u
n
.
El
e
c
tro
n
.
C
o
mp
u
t.
E
n
g
.
,
v
o
l
.
8
,
2
0
1
6
.
[1
6
]
A
.
F
.
Waru
w
u
,
I.
P
.
A
.
Ba
y
u
p
a
ti
,
a
n
d
I.
K.
G
.
D.
P
u
tra,
―
A
u
g
m
e
n
te
d
Re
a
li
ty
M
o
b
il
e
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
o
f
Ba
li
n
e
se
Hin
d
u
T
e
m
p
les
:
De
wa
ta
A
R,
‖
I.
J
.
Co
mp
u
t.
Ne
tw.
I
n
f.
S
e
c
u
r.
,
v
o
l.
2
,
p
p
.
5
9
–
6
6
,
2
0
1
5
.
[1
7
]
S
.
Iz
z
a
t
y
,
H.
T
o
ll
e
,
R.
De
r
m
a
w
i
,
a
n
d
F
.
P
e
rm
a
n
a
,
―
A
u
g
m
e
n
ted
re
a
li
t
y
o
b
jec
ts
d
e
sig
n
in
a
u
g
m
e
n
ted
sto
ry
b
o
o
k
m
o
b
il
e
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
f
o
r
b
e
tt
e
r
e
n
g
a
g
e
m
e
n
t,
‖
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
a
n
d
Co
m
p
u
ter
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
(
IJ
ECE
)
,
v
o
l.
9
(
1
)
,
p
p
.
5
7
0
–
5
7
6
,
2
0
1
9
.
[1
8
]
W
.
L
i,
A
.
Y.
C.
Ne
e
,
a
n
d
S
.
K.
On
g
,
―
A
S
tate
-
of
-
th
e
-
A
rt
Re
v
i
e
w
o
f
A
u
g
m
e
n
ted
Re
a
li
t
y
in
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
A
n
a
l
y
sis
a
n
d
S
im
u
latio
n
,
‖
M
u
lt
im
o
d
a
l
T
e
c
h
n
o
l.
I
n
ter
a
c
t.
M
DPI
,
2
0
1
7
.
[1
9
]
D.
E.
Ku
r
n
iaw
a
n
,
A
.
D
z
ik
ri,
a
n
d
M
.
S
u
riy
a
,
―
Ob
jec
t
V
isu
a
li
z
a
ti
o
n
Us
in
g
M
a
p
s
M
a
rk
e
r
Ba
se
d
On
A
u
g
m
e
n
ted
Re
a
li
t
y
,
‖
IEE
E
,
2
0
1
8
.
[2
0
]
C.
H.
Ch
e
n
,
C.
-
H.
H
o
,
a
n
d
J.
-
B.
L
in
,
―
T
h
e
d
e
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
a
n
a
u
g
m
e
n
ted
re
a
li
t
y
g
a
m
e
-
b
a
se
d
lea
rn
in
g
e
n
v
iro
n
m
e
n
t,
‖
El
se
v
ier
L
td
,
2
0
1
5
.
[2
1
]
A
.
D.
W
.
Uta
m
i
a
n
d
F
.
Na
d
z
iro
h
,
―
I
m
p
le
m
e
n
tas
i
T
e
k
n
o
lo
g
i
A
u
g
m
e
n
ted
Re
a
li
t
y
d
a
la
m
V
isu
a
li
sa
s
i
Ib
a
d
a
h
Um
ra
h
M
e
n
g
g
u
n
a
k
a
n
M
e
to
d
e
M
a
rk
e
r
Ba
s
e
d
T
ra
c
k
in
g
p
a
d
a
A
n
d
ro
id
,
‖
INF
ORM
,
v
o
l.
4
,
2
0
1
9
.
[2
2
]
H.
S
o
u
t
h
,
―
Dra
w
in
g
a
n
d
Co
p
y
in
g
P
ictu
re
s
Us
in
g
a
G
rid
,
‖
T
h
o
u
g
h
tCo
.
,
2
0
1
7
.
[
O
n
li
n
e
]
.
A
v
a
il
a
b
le:
h
tt
p
s:/
/www
.
th
o
u
g
h
tco
.
c
o
m
/g
rid
-
d
ra
w
in
g
-
o
v
e
r
v
ie
w
-
1
1
2
3
0
9
0
.
[
A
c
c
e
ss
e
d
:
1
3
-
No
v
-
2
0
1
8
]
.
[2
3
]
T
.
M
c
A
rd
le,
―
T
h
e
G
rid
M
e
th
o
d
,
‖
Art
is
F
u
n
,
2
0
1
8
.
[
On
li
n
e
]
.
A
v
a
il
a
b
le:
h
t
tp
s://
w
ww
.
a
rt
-
is
-
f
u
n
.
c
o
m
/
g
rid
-
m
e
th
o
d
/
.
[
A
c
c
e
ss
e
d
:
1
3
-
N
o
v
-
2
0
1
8
]
.
[2
4
]
B.
A
.
F
lo
w
e
rs,
―
G
rid
-
Ba
se
d
Ou
td
o
o
r
Ob
jec
t
Re
c
o
g
n
it
i
o
n
F
o
r
A
u
g
m
e
n
ted
Re
a
li
t
y
,
‖
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
o
f
Rh
o
d
e
Isla
n
d
,
2
0
1
4
.
[2
5
]
A
.
In
d
o
n
e
sia
,
―
A
n
tro
p
o
m
e
tri
In
d
o
n
e
sia
(
In
d
o
n
e
sia
n
A
n
th
r
o
p
o
m
e
tr
y
-
in
Ba
h
a
sa
)
,
‖
2
0
1
8
.
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