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[
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In
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[
15
]
th
e
a
u
t
h
o
r
s
tr
ea
t
a
p
u
m
p
in
g
s
y
s
te
m
d
r
i
v
en
b
y
a
b
r
u
s
h
les
s
D
C
m
o
to
r
(
B
L
D
C
)
p
o
w
er
ed
b
y
th
e
P
V
s
o
lar
s
y
s
te
m
an
d
a
n
ac
cu
m
u
lato
r
.
U
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
SP
V
b
att
er
y
-
b
ased
h
y
b
r
id
g
e
n
er
atio
n
a
s
a
n
e
n
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
.
Si
m
u
latio
n
s
t
u
d
y
w
a
s
d
o
n
e
b
y
d
ev
elo
p
in
g
t
h
e
Ma
tlab
/ Si
m
u
lin
k
m
o
d
el
o
f
t
h
e
co
m
p
lete
s
y
s
te
m
.
I
n
o
u
r
ar
ticle
w
e
ar
e
in
ter
ested
in
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
s
o
lar
e
n
er
g
y
(
P
VP
)
w
h
ich
ta
k
es
t
h
e
lead
o
f
u
n
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
en
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
s
[
2
,
8
]
.
B
ec
au
s
e
it
h
as
m
a
n
y
ad
v
an
tag
e
s
,
s
i
m
p
le
a
n
d
co
n
s
is
te
n
t
i
n
s
talla
tio
n
,
av
ailab
ilit
y
,
lo
w
p
r
o
tectio
n
,
n
o
en
er
g
y
a
n
d
tr
a
n
s
p
o
r
t
co
s
t
s
,
r
o
b
u
s
tn
es
s
,
u
n
atten
d
ed
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e
[
4
,
16
]
.
I
n
t
h
is
co
n
tex
t
s
ev
er
al
r
esear
c
h
p
r
o
jects
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
s
tar
ted
,
in
[
17
]
th
e
au
t
h
o
r
s
h
a
v
e
ex
p
lo
ite
d
th
e
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
g
en
er
ato
r
at
th
e
MP
P
T
b
y
m
e
an
s
o
f
a
D
C
/D
C
b
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
er
t
er
.
Am
o
n
g
th
e
m
a
n
y
MP
P
T
al
g
o
r
ith
m
s
,
t
h
e
P
&
O
MP
PT
tech
n
iq
u
e
is
th
e
m
o
s
t
u
s
ed
b
ec
a
u
s
e
o
f
i
ts
g
o
o
d
co
m
p
eten
c
y
to
v
ar
iatio
n
s
i
n
s
u
n
li
g
h
t
as
ev
id
en
ce
d
b
y
th
e
s
i
m
u
lat
io
n
r
esu
l
ts
u
n
d
er
Ma
tlab
/ Si
m
u
li
n
k
i
n
t
h
e
ar
ticle.
T
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
p
ar
t
o
f
o
u
r
w
o
r
k
p
r
esen
ts
t
h
e
m
o
d
eli
n
g
o
f
th
e
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
ele
m
en
ts
o
f
t
h
e
s
o
la
r
p
u
m
p
in
g
s
y
s
te
m
s
u
ch
as
t
h
e
p
h
o
to
v
o
lta
ic
p
an
el
,
b
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
er
ter
,
in
d
u
ctio
n
m
o
to
r
an
d
t
h
e
ce
n
tr
i
f
u
g
al
p
u
m
p
.
T
h
e
th
ir
d
s
ec
tio
n
p
r
esen
ts
t
h
e
p
h
o
to
v
o
l
taic
g
e
n
er
ato
r
i
n
o
p
er
at
io
n
at
th
e
p
o
in
t
o
f
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
p
o
wer
(
MPPT
)
,
h
en
ce
th
e
ar
ch
itect
u
r
e
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
MPPT
,
as
w
ell
as
t
h
e
b
asi
c
m
o
d
eli
n
g
n
ec
es
s
ar
y
to
th
e
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
i
n
g
o
f
its
p
r
in
cip
le
o
f
o
p
er
atio
n
.
T
h
e
r
e
s
u
lt
s
ar
e
tr
ea
te
d
in
th
e
M
A
T
L
A
B
/
Si
m
u
li
n
k
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
f
o
r
th
e
s
o
lar
p
u
m
p
in
g
s
y
s
te
m
i
n
o
r
d
er
to
s
tu
d
y
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
s
in
s
tead
y
an
d
d
y
n
a
m
ic
r
e
g
i
m
e
ar
e
r
ep
o
r
ted
in
s
ec
tio
n
s
4
.
T
h
e
co
n
clu
s
io
n
s
an
d
co
n
cl
u
d
i
n
g
r
e
m
ar
k
s
ar
e
r
ep
o
r
ted
in
s
ec
tio
n
5
.
2.
S
T
RUC
T
UR
E
O
F
SYS
T
E
M
2
.
1
.
Co
nfig
ura
t
io
n o
f
t
he
pro
po
s
ed
s
y
s
t
e
m
I
n
th
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
F
ig
u
r
e
1
p
r
esen
t
t
h
e
s
o
lar
p
u
m
p
i
n
g
s
y
s
te
m
s
tu
d
ied
i
n
th
i
s
ar
ticle,
w
h
ich
c
o
n
s
is
ts
o
f
th
e
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
g
en
er
ato
r
P
V
G,
p
o
w
er
co
n
v
er
ter
s
(
B
o
o
s
t
c
o
n
v
er
ter
a
n
d
DC
-
AC
co
n
v
er
te
r
)
,
in
d
u
ctio
n
m
o
to
r
an
d
ce
n
tr
if
u
g
al
p
u
m
p
[
18
]
.
Th
is
p
ar
t
in
cl
u
d
es
th
e
m
o
d
elin
g
o
f
th
e
d
i
f
f
er
e
n
t
ele
m
en
t
s
o
f
th
e
s
o
lar
p
u
m
p
i
n
g
s
y
s
te
m
s
u
c
h
as t
h
e
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltai
c
p
an
el
P
V
,
th
e
in
d
u
ctio
n
m
o
t
o
r
an
d
th
e
ce
n
tr
i
f
u
g
al
p
u
m
p
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
S
y
n
o
p
tic
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
o
f
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
w
a
ter
p
u
m
p
i
n
g
2
.
2
.
M
o
delin
g
o
f
ph
o
t
o
v
o
lt
a
ic
g
e
nera
t
o
r
T
h
e
p
h
o
t
o
v
o
l
t
ai
c
g
en
e
r
at
o
r
is
u
s
e
d
t
o
p
r
o
d
u
c
e
e
le
c
t
r
ic
i
ty
f
r
o
m
s
u
n
l
ig
h
t
,
th
e
g
en
e
r
a
ti
o
n
o
f
th
e
en
e
r
g
y
s
u
p
p
li
e
d
t
o
th
e
b
o
o
s
t
c
o
n
v
e
r
t
e
r
,
w
h
i
ch
h
e
l
p
s
t
o
o
p
e
r
a
t
e
th
e
P
V
a
r
r
ay
t
o
th
e
M
PP
T
.
T
h
i
s
c
o
n
v
e
r
t
e
r
th
en
s
u
p
p
li
e
s
e
n
e
r
g
y
t
o
th
e
i
n
d
u
ct
i
o
n
m
o
t
o
r
w
h
ic
h
i
s
c
o
u
p
le
d
t
o
th
e
w
at
e
r
p
u
m
p
[
19
,
20
]
.
T
h
e
m
o
d
e
l
in
g
o
f
th
e
p
h
o
t
o
v
o
l
t
ai
c
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
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I
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&
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p
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,
Vo
l.
10
,
No
.
5
,
Octo
b
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r
2
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0
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d
e
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q
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cu
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i
l
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s
t
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te
d
i
n
F
ig
u
r
e
2
.
w
h
i
ch
c
o
n
s
is
ts
o
f
a
cu
r
r
en
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s
o
u
r
ce
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o
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e
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t
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ll
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l
w
i
th
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o
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c
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it
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s
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u
n
t
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c
lu
d
e
s
a
p
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al
l
e
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r
e
s
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s
t
o
r
(
R
s
h
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ex
p
r
e
s
s
in
g
a
l
e
ak
ag
e
c
u
r
r
en
t
,
an
d
s
e
r
i
es
r
e
s
i
s
t
o
r
n
o
ted
b
y
(
R
s
h
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a
n
d
(
R
s
e
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d
e
s
c
r
i
b
in
g
an
in
t
e
r
n
al
r
e
s
i
s
t
an
c
e
[
18
,
20
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
P
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
ar
r
ay
ci
r
cu
it
T
h
e
p
h
o
t
o
v
o
l
ta
i
c
m
o
d
u
l
e
h
a
s
n
o
n
-
l
in
e
a
r
c
h
a
r
a
c
t
e
r
i
s
ti
cs
(
V&
I
)
a
n
d
d
e
p
en
d
s
o
n
th
e
s
o
l
a
r
r
ad
i
a
t
i
o
n
an
d
t
h
e
t
em
p
e
r
a
tu
r
e
o
f
th
e
c
el
ls
[
21
]
.
E
q
u
a
t
i
o
n
(
1
)
p
r
e
s
en
t
th
e
r
e
l
ati
o
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h
i
p
o
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t
p
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t
v
o
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ag
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-
cu
r
r
en
t
[
18
,
21
]
:
sh
sh
S
se
pv
sh
S
pv
s
se
pv
sh
S
pv
0
sh
ph
sh
pv
R
N
N
R
I
N
N
V
a
K
Tn
R
I
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N
V
q
e
x
p
I
N
I
N
I
(
1
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w
h
er
e,
th
e
r
ev
er
s
e
s
at
u
r
atio
n
c
u
r
r
en
t o
f
t
h
e
ce
lls
d
ep
en
d
s
to
t
h
e
te
m
p
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u
r
e
(
T
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as f
o
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w
s
:
T
1
K
qE
K
qE
e
x
p
T
T
I
I
a
G
a
G
3
r
or
0
(
2
)
I
n
a
d
d
it
i
o
n
,
s
o
l
a
r
r
a
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n
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G
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e
ll
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em
p
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r
e
(
T
)
h
av
e
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d
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r
e
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t
i
o
n
s
h
i
p
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th
e
p
h
o
t
o
c
u
r
r
en
t
I
p
h
a
s
f
o
ll
o
w
s
:
r
i
s
c
r
ph
G
G
298
T
K
I
I
(
3
)
w
h
er
e:
I
ph
an
d
I
d
:
ar
e
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
t
h
e
p
h
o
to
cu
r
r
en
t a
n
d
t
h
e
j
u
n
ctio
n
d
io
d
e
cu
r
r
en
t.
I
0
:
is
t
h
e
r
ev
er
s
e
s
at
u
r
atio
n
c
u
r
r
en
t,
V
t
=N
s
k
t
/q
:
is
th
e
th
er
m
al
v
o
ltag
e
o
f
t
h
e
ar
r
a
y
w
it
h
N
s
ce
ll
s
co
n
n
ec
ted
in
s
er
ies.
A
:
is
t
h
e
d
io
d
e
id
ea
lit
y
co
n
s
ta
n
t,
k:
is
t
h
e
B
o
ltz
m
an
n
’
s
co
n
s
tan
t,
T[
K
]
:
T
em
p
er
atu
r
e
o
f
t
h
e
p
-
n
j
u
n
ctio
n
.
k
[
J/K
]
:
B
o
ltzm
a
n
n
co
n
s
ta
n
t,
q
[
C
]
:
E
le
ctr
o
n
ch
ar
g
e
.
2
.
3
.
B
o
o
s
t
c
o
nv
er
t
er
T
o
im
p
r
o
v
e
t
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
t
h
e
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
s
y
s
te
m
.
a
p
o
w
e
r
co
n
v
er
ter
is
in
s
er
te
d
b
et
w
ee
n
th
e
p
h
o
to
v
o
lta
ic
g
e
n
er
ato
r
an
d
th
e
lo
ad
[
20
]
,
th
is
g
e
n
er
at
o
r
is
s
u
p
p
lied
b
y
t
h
e
D
C
-
D
C
v
o
l
ta
g
e
co
n
v
er
ter
"
B
o
o
s
t",
s
ee
Fig
u
r
e
3
,
w
h
er
e
t
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
lta
g
e
o
f
th
e
P
VG
is
en
s
u
r
ed
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
al
g
o
r
ith
m
s
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
p
o
w
er
p
o
in
t tr
ac
k
er
MP
PT
w
h
ic
h
d
ep
en
d
s
o
n
cli
m
atic
co
n
d
itio
n
s
[
18
,
20
]
.
T
h
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
r
elat
io
n
p
r
esen
t
s
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t v
o
lta
g
e
(
Vd
c)
:
pv
dc
V
1
1
V
(
4
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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&
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o
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I
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uct
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o
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le
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h
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ee
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p
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ase
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o
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s
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ch
o
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e
n
f
o
r
o
u
r
s
t
u
d
y
b
ec
au
s
e
o
f
t
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eir
b
r
o
ad
ad
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an
tag
es,
s
u
c
h
as
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o
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u
s
t
co
n
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tr
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ctio
n
,
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o
o
d
s
p
ee
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r
eg
u
lat
io
n
a
n
d
h
ig
h
p
o
w
er
f
ac
to
r
[
22
]
.
T
h
e
m
o
d
el
o
f
t
h
e
I
M
in
a
co
o
r
d
in
ate
s
y
s
te
m
(
d
,
q
)
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
th
e
r
o
tatin
g
f
ield
s
y
n
c
h
r
o
n
o
u
s
at
t
h
e
s
p
ee
d
is
g
i
v
e
n
as
f
o
llo
w
[
23
,
24
]
:
u
x
g
x
f
x
).
(
)
(
(
6
)
W
ith
:
T
rq
rd
sq
sd
I
I
x
]
[
T
sq
sd
u
u
u
]
[
)
(
1
)
(
1
1
)
(
f
L
T
J
sd
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rq
sq
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rd
r
JL
M
p
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r
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rd
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r
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K
sd
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x
f
T
S
S
T
L
L
g
g
g
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
2
1
(
7
)
W
ith
r
o
to
r
an
d
s
tato
r
ti
m
es c
o
n
s
ta
n
t a
r
e:
r
r
r
R
L
T
;
s
s
s
R
L
T
T
h
e
co
ef
f
icie
n
t o
f
d
is
p
er
s
io
n
i
s
:
s
r
L
L
M
2
1
an
d
.
1
;
1
1
1
M
K
T
T
r
s
T
h
en
th
e
ex
p
r
es
s
io
n
o
f
t
h
e
ele
ctr
o
m
a
g
n
etic
co
u
p
le
w
ill b
e
as
f
o
llo
w
s
[
7
]
:
)
(
rd
rq
sq
rd
r
em
I
I
L
PM
T
(
8
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r
L
em
r
f
T
T
dt
d
J
(
9
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
10
,
No
.
5
,
Octo
b
e
r
2
0
2
0
:
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5
3
4
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4542
4538
2
.
5
.
Cent
rif
ig
ua
l p
u
m
p
T
h
e
im
p
o
r
tan
t
p
ar
t
o
f
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
w
a
ter
p
u
m
p
i
n
g
s
y
s
te
m
s
i
s
th
e
h
y
d
r
au
l
ic
p
u
m
p
[
21
]
.
an
d
th
e
m
o
s
t
co
m
m
o
n
l
y
u
s
ed
t
y
p
e
o
f
p
u
m
p
in
g
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
i
s
th
e
ce
n
tr
i
f
u
g
al
p
u
m
p
,
b
ec
au
s
e
it
s
i
m
p
l
e
w
o
r
k
ed
,
f
le
x
ib
le
m
o
d
u
lar
1
,
r
elativ
el
y
h
i
g
h
ef
f
ic
ien
c
y
a
n
d
ca
p
ab
le
o
f
p
u
m
p
i
n
g
a
h
ig
h
v
o
l
u
m
e
o
f
w
ater
[
18
,
20
]
.
2
2
1
0
p
u
m
p
Q
k
Q
k
k
H
(
1
0
)
W
h
er
e
k0
,
k1
,
k
2
: a
r
e
th
e
co
n
s
ta
n
t o
f
t
h
e
p
u
m
p
,
H[
m
]
an
d
Q
[
L
/
s
]
:
ar
e
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
,
t
h
e
h
ea
d
an
d
th
e
f
lo
w
r
ate
o
f
t
h
e
p
u
m
p
[
25
,
26
]
.
T
h
e
c
en
t
r
if
u
g
a
l
p
u
m
p
i
s
m
e
ch
an
i
c
al
ly
c
o
u
p
l
e
d
t
o
th
e
in
d
u
c
t
i
o
n
m
o
t
o
r
,
w
h
e
r
e
i
t
p
r
es
en
ts
th
e
m
e
ch
an
ic
a
l
l
o
a
d
o
f
th
is
I
M
m
o
t
o
r
[
21
]
.
T
h
e
m
e
ch
an
ic
a
l
e
q
u
a
ti
o
n
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
t
em
i
s
g
i
v
e
n
b
y
th
e
f
o
ll
o
w
in
g
ex
p
r
e
s
s
i
o
n
[
22
]
:
p
u
m
p
em
T
-
T
dt
d
J
(
1
1
)
Usi
n
g
t
h
e
to
r
q
u
e
-
s
p
ee
d
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
,
th
e
ce
n
tr
if
u
g
al
p
u
m
p
ca
n
b
e
p
r
esen
ted
as f
o
llo
w
s
:
2
T2
T1
T0
p
u
m
p
k
k
k
T
(
1
2
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w
h
er
e,
k
T0
,
k
T1
,
k
T2
th
e
e
m
p
ir
ic
al
co
n
s
ta
n
ts
o
f
t
h
e
p
u
m
p
th
a
t c
an
b
e
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
th
e
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
e
n
ts
3.
O
P
T
I
M
I
Z
AT
I
O
N
O
F
T
H
E
P
H
O
T
O
VO
L
T
A
I
C
WA
T
E
R
P
UM
P
I
NG
SYST
E
M
T
h
e
m
o
d
el
o
f
P
V
s
y
s
te
m
P
&
O
co
n
tr
o
l
o
f
DC
-
D
C
b
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
er
ter
is
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
F
ig
u
r
e
4
.
T
h
e
lev
el
o
f
in
s
u
latio
n
an
d
th
e
o
p
er
atin
g
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e
h
a
v
e
a
s
tr
o
n
g
r
ela
tio
n
s
h
ip
an
d
d
ep
en
d
o
n
th
e
m
ax
i
m
u
m
p
o
w
er
t
h
at
ca
n
b
e
s
u
p
p
lied
b
y
a
P
V
p
an
el.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
MPP
m
u
s
t
b
e
f
o
llo
w
ed
all
t
h
e
ti
m
e.
B
ec
a
u
s
e
t
h
is
m
et
h
o
d
h
as
th
e
ad
v
a
n
tag
e
o
f
b
ei
n
g
r
o
b
u
s
t
an
d
r
elativ
el
y
s
i
m
p
le
to
d
esi
g
n
w
h
er
e
it
d
o
es
n
o
t
r
eq
u
ir
e
k
n
o
w
i
n
g
th
e
e
x
ac
t
m
o
d
el
[
18
]
.
T
h
e
P
&
O
tech
n
iq
u
e
is
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
s
i
m
p
lest
a
n
d
m
o
s
t
p
o
p
u
lar
tec
h
n
iq
u
es
o
f
M
P
PT.
I
t
r
eq
u
ir
es
f
e
w
m
at
h
e
m
a
tical
ca
lc
u
latio
n
s
th
a
t
m
a
k
e
th
e
i
m
p
le
m
en
ta
tio
n
o
f
th
is
al
g
o
r
ith
m
q
u
ite
s
i
m
p
le
[
21
]
.
T
h
e
p
ar
am
o
u
n
t
id
ea
o
f
th
is
m
et
h
o
d
is
to
p
u
s
h
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
to
o
p
er
ate
in
th
e
d
ir
ec
tio
n
w
h
er
e
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
p
o
w
er
s
u
p
p
lied
f
r
o
m
th
e
P
V
s
y
s
te
m
b
o
o
s
t u
p
[
22
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
P
V
s
y
s
te
m
P
&
O
co
n
tr
o
l o
f
DC
-
DC
b
o
o
s
t c
o
n
v
er
ter
C
o
n
s
eq
u
en
tl
y
,
t
h
e
p
er
tu
r
b
atio
n
an
d
o
b
s
e
r
v
atio
n
m
e
th
o
d
(
P&
O)
in
cr
e
m
en
ts
/d
ec
r
ea
s
es
p
e
r
io
d
ically
,
d
u
e
to
t
h
e
co
m
p
ar
i
s
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
p
an
el
v
o
lta
g
e
(
P
V
o
u
tp
u
t
p
o
w
er
)
a
n
d
t
h
at
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
c
y
cle
[
27
]
.
I
n
th
i
s
d
is
tu
r
b
an
ce
lead
s
to
an
in
c
r
ea
s
e/
d
ec
r
e
ase
in
t
h
e
p
o
w
er
o
f
t
h
e
m
o
d
u
le,
t
h
is
d
is
t
u
r
b
an
ce
o
cc
u
r
s
in
th
e
s
a
m
e/o
p
p
o
s
ite
d
ir
ec
tio
n
.
Var
iatio
n
s
i
n
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
o
u
t
p
u
t
p
o
w
er
b
ef
o
r
e
an
d
a
f
ter
t
h
e
ch
an
g
es
ar
e
th
e
n
o
b
s
er
v
ed
an
d
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
b
e
th
e
b
en
c
h
m
ar
k
f
o
r
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
o
r
d
ec
r
ea
s
in
g
t
h
e
lo
ad
in
t
h
e
n
ex
t
s
tep
.
Fo
r
b
etter
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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&
C
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m
p
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N:
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mp
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(
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ta
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w
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r
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s
h
o
w
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at
c
o
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r
esp
o
n
d
s
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alg
o
r
ith
m
i
m
p
le
m
en
ted
[
20
]
,
s
ee
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
Flo
w
c
h
ar
t o
f
P
O
MP
PT
alg
o
r
ith
m
4.
SI
M
UL
AT
I
O
N
R
E
S
UL
T
S
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
P
V
w
a
ter
p
u
m
p
in
g
s
y
s
te
m
i
s
ill
u
s
tr
ated
in
Ma
tla
b
b
y
t
h
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
p
u
m
p
in
g
s
y
s
te
m
i
s
m
o
d
eled
a
n
d
s
i
m
u
l
ated
u
n
d
er
M
A
T
L
A
B
/
Si
m
u
l
in
k
u
n
d
er
v
ar
io
u
s
co
n
d
itio
n
s
,
i
n
s
tar
t
-
u
p
,
i
n
s
tea
d
y
s
tate
an
d
f
o
r
o
th
er
d
y
n
a
m
ic
s
.
Me
asu
r
e
C
alcu
late
Me
asu
r
e
Is
Is
C
alcu
late
Yes
Yes
No
No
Yes
No
Is
L
PV
L
PV
IM
P
u
m
p
T
an
k
I
PV
V
PV
M
P
P
T
P
&
O
I
PV
d
V
PV
PV
G
e
n
e
r
a
t
o
r
P
W
M
I
n
v
e
r
t
e
r
D
V
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us
C
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u
t
C
PV
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
10
,
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.
5
,
Octo
b
e
r
2
0
2
0
:
4
5
3
4
-
4542
4540
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
T
h
e
s
i
m
u
la
tio
n
b
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o
f
s
y
s
te
m
Fig
u
r
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7
a
n
d
8
r
esp
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tiv
el
y
s
h
o
w
t
h
e
v
ar
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n
s
i
n
i
n
s
o
lat
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n
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d
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h
e
D
C
v
o
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RE
F
E
R
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NC
E
S
[1
]
R.
Ku
m
a
r
a
n
d
B.
S
in
g
h
,
"
S
in
g
le
sta
g
e
so
lar
P
V
f
e
d
b
ru
sh
les
s
DC
m
o
to
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e
n
w
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ter
p
u
m
p
,
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EE
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J
o
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rn
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Eme
rg
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n
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e
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o
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we
r E
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5
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p
p
.
1
3
7
7
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2
0
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7
.
[2
]
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S
in
g
h
a
n
d
S
.
S
h
u
k
la,
"
In
d
u
c
ti
o
n
m
o
to
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e
f
o
r
P
V
w
a
te
r
p
u
m
p
in
g
w
it
h
re
d
u
c
e
d
se
n
so
rs,"
IET
Po
we
r
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
,
v
o
l.
1
1
,
p
p
.
1
9
0
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1
9
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3
,
2
0
1
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.
[3
]
G
.
D
a
d
h
ich
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n
d
V
.
S
h
riv
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sta
v
a
,
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l
w
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ter
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in
2
0
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In
ter
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l
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o
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fer
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n
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o
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n
stru
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o
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(
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.
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.
[4
]
A
.
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a
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e
y
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in
g
h
,
"
Dire
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in
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En
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e
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,
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p
.
1
-
6
,
2
0
1
8
.
[5
]
S
.
Drid
,
M
.
-
S
.
Na
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-
S
a
i
d
,
a
n
d
A
.
M
a
k
o
u
f
,
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lar
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r
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e
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In
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ti
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Iso
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ted
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.
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l.
2
,
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p
.
1
0
3
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1
1
5
,
2
0
0
6
.
[6
]
A
.
P
a
n
tea
,
A
.
S
iv
e
rt,
A
.
Ya
z
id
i,
F
.
Be
ti
n
,
S
.
Ca
rriere
,
a
n
d
G
.
-
A
.
Ca
p
o
li
n
o
,
"
Eff
icie
n
t
f
ield
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rien
te
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o
n
tro
l
w
it
h
p
o
w
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e
s
o
p
ti
m
isa
ti
o
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o
f
a
six
-
p
h
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se
in
d
u
c
ti
o
n
g
e
n
e
ra
to
r
f
o
r
w
in
d
tu
r
b
in
e
s,"
i
n
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2
0
1
6
-
4
2
n
d
An
n
u
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
f
th
e
IEE
E
In
d
u
stri
a
l
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
S
o
c
iety
,
p
p
.
1
9
1
2
-
1
9
1
7
,
2
0
1
6
.
[7
]
A
.
Ku
m
a
r,
E.
Ko
c
h
h
a
r,
a
n
d
K.
Up
a
m
a
n
y
u
,
"
P
h
o
to
v
o
l
taic
a
n
d
w
in
d
e
n
e
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h
y
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rid
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v
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g
e
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se
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in
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ll
e
d
d
riv
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f
o
r
Wat
e
r
P
u
m
p
in
g
S
y
st
e
m
,
"
in
2
0
1
5
IEE
E
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
El
e
c
trica
l
,
Co
mp
u
ter
a
n
d
Co
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
ies
(
ICECCT
)
,
p
p
.
1
-
5
,
2
0
1
5
.
[8
]
U.
S
h
a
rm
a
,
B.
S
in
g
h
,
a
n
d
S
.
K
u
m
a
r,
"
In
telli
g
e
n
t
g
rid
in
terf
a
c
e
d
so
lar
w
a
ter
p
u
m
p
in
g
s
y
ste
m
,
"
IET
Ren
e
wa
b
le
Po
we
r Ge
n
e
ra
ti
o
n
,
v
o
l
.
1
1
,
p
p
.
6
1
4
-
6
2
4
,
2
0
1
6
.
[9
]
M
.
C.
M
o
ra
n
i,
A
.
Ca
rra
v
e
tt
a
,
G
.
De
l
G
iu
d
ice
,
A
.
M
c
Na
b
o
la,
a
n
d
O.
F
e
c
a
ro
tt
a
,
"
A
c
o
m
p
a
riso
n
o
f
e
n
e
rg
y
re
c
o
v
e
r
y
b
y
P
A
Ts
a
g
a
in
st d
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t
v
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riab
le s
p
e
e
d
p
u
m
p
in
g
in
w
a
ter d
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b
u
ti
o
n
n
e
tw
o
rk
s,"
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u
id
s,
v
o
l.
3
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
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4
1
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2
0
1
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.
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0
]
R.
Ku
m
a
r
a
n
d
B.
S
in
g
h
,
"
BL
DC
m
o
to
r
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riv
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n
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lar
P
V
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rr
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y
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f
e
d
wa
ter
p
u
m
p
in
g
sy
st
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m
e
m
p
lo
y
in
g
z
e
ta
c
o
n
v
e
rter,"
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
In
d
u
stry
Ap
p
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c
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t
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n
s,
v
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l.
5
2
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p
.
2
3
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d
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[1
2
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.
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ra
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[1
3
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Ko
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4
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B.
Ku
m
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K.
Ch
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S
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[1
5
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R.
Ku
m
a
r
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n
d
B.
S
in
g
h
,
"
S
o
lar
P
V
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m
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ste
m
u
sin
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BLDC
m
o
to
r
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e
,
"
in
2
0
1
6
IEE
E
1
st
I
n
ter
n
a
t
io
n
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l
C
o
n
fer
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c
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Po
we
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tro
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ics
,
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telli
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Co
n
tro
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d
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ms
(
ICPE
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p
p
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1
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0
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6
.
[1
6
]
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.
K
h
a
re
,
S
.
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m
a
,
a
n
d
P
.
Ba
re
d
a
r,
"
S
o
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–
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d
h
y
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rid
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w
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le
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s
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m
:
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re
v
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w
,
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Ren
e
wa
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le
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S
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Rev
iews
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l.
5
8
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p
p
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2
3
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3
3
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2
0
1
6
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[1
7
]
R.
A
n
to
n
e
ll
o
,
M
.
Ca
rra
ro
,
A
.
Co
sta
b
e
b
e
r,
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.
T
in
a
z
z
i,
a
n
d
M
.
Zi
g
l
io
tt
o
,
"
En
e
rg
y
-
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ici
e
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to
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sa
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l.
6
4
,
p
p
.
4
3
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1
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0
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7
.
[1
8
]
H.
Bo
u
z
e
ria,
C.
F
e
th
a
,
T
.
Ba
h
i,
I.
A
b
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li
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L
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te,
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n
d
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.
L
e
k
h
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h
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e
,
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u
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4
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p
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7
6
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7
1
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2
0
1
5
.
[1
9
]
M
.
Ka
sh
if
,
S
.
M
u
rsh
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a
n
d
B.
S
in
g
h
,
"
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2
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IEE
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A
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0
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S
.
Ja
z
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n
d
K.
Je
m
li
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Co
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p
p
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4
2
2
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4
2
8
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2
0
1
3
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[2
1
]
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.
S
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li
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a
,
A
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L
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7
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p
p
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3
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6
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.
[2
2
]
G
.
J
a
in
a
n
d
S
.
Um
a
sh
a
n
k
a
r,
"
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o
d
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ll
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n
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n
d
sim
u
latio
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lar
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rv
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r
M
P
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o
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m
,
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in
2
0
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6
In
ter
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E
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T
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r
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ty (
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T
S
)
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p
p
.
2
5
0
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4
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2
0
1
6
.
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3
]
L
.
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tars
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A
.
Ou
k
a
c
i,
R.
T
o
u
f
o
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ti
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d
S
.
M
e
z
ian
e
,
"
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Of
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ter
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1
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p
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1
-
7
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.
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4
]
M
.
M
o
u
tch
o
u
a
n
d
H
.
M
a
h
m
o
u
d
i
,
"
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ter
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p
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3
2
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4
.
[2
5
]
M
.
Be
larb
i,
"
’
M
o
d
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li
sa
ti
o
n
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t
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im
u
latio
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m
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P
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P
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’
,
"
M
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d
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M
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g
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Un
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s S
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Or
a
n
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me
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BO
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IAF
,
2
0
0
6
.
[2
6
]
R.
Ka
ra
m
p
u
ri,
S
.
Ja
in
,
a
n
d
V.
S
o
m
a
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h
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r,
"
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sin
g
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st
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d
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o
to
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p
u
m
p
d
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w
it
h
M
P
P
T
,
"
in
2
0
1
4
IEE
E
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fe
re
n
c
e
o
n
Po
we
r
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e
c
tro
n
ics
,
Dr
iv
e
s
a
n
d
En
e
rg
y
S
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ms
(
PE
DES
)
,
p
p
.
1
-
6
,
2
0
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4
.
[2
7
]
A
.
M
o
h
a
p
a
tra,
B.
Na
y
a
k
,
P
.
Da
s,
a
n
d
K.
B.
M
o
h
a
n
ty
,
"
A
re
v
ie
w
o
n
M
P
P
T
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
s
o
f
P
V
sy
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m
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p
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l
sh
a
d
in
g
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d
it
io
n
,
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Ren
e
wa
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le a
n
d
S
u
st
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n
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