Int
ern
at
i
onal
Journ
al of Ele
ctrical
an
d
Co
mput
er
En
gin
eeri
ng
(IJ
E
C
E)
Vo
l.
9
, No
.
5
,
Octo
ber
201
9
, pp.
4364
~
43
71
IS
S
N:
20
88
-
8708
,
DOI: 10
.11
591/
ijece
.
v
9
i
5
.
pp4364
-
43
71
4364
Journ
al h
om
e
page
:
http:
//
ia
es
core
.c
om/
journa
ls
/i
ndex.
ph
p/IJECE
Web bas
ed fing
erprint r
oll
call att
endanc
e mana
gement s
ystem
Ad
em
ola A
, Somef
un
T
E,
A
gb
e
tu
yi
A
F
,
O
lufay
o
A
.
Depa
rtment
o
f
E
le
c
tri
c
al a
nd
Inf
orm
at
ion
Eng
ineeri
ng,
Coven
ant
Univer
sit
y
,
N
igeria
Art
ic
le
In
f
o
ABSTR
A
CT
Art
ic
le
history:
Re
cei
ved
N
ov
18
, 201
8
Re
vised
A
pr
2
2
, 2
01
9
Accepte
d
Ma
y
2
, 2
01
9
Mana
ging
peop
l
e
and
ke
epi
ng
a
dequa
t
e
rec
ord
o
f
the
attend
anc
e
for
m
ost
of
the
te
r
tiar
y
insti
tut
ions
are
d
ifficult
t
ask.
More
over
,
th
e
m
anual
ta
king
of
at
t
enda
nc
e
adds
to
the
diff
ic
ul
t
y
of
th
is
ta
sk
b
ec
ause
it
is
stre
nuous,
ti
m
e
int
ensive
and
can
ea
sil
y
be
fa
lsi
fie
d.
Me
anwhil
e
,
W
it
h
the
adv
e
nt
of
new
te
chno
log
y
,
a
ne
w
world
of
aut
h
ent
i
ca
t
ion
and
s
ec
uri
t
y
has
be
en
cre
a
te
d
v
ia
biometri
cs.
T
his
work
ai
m
s
at
improving
Covena
nt
Univer
sit
ie
s
pape
r
-
base
d
at
t
enda
nc
e
b
y
u
sing
biometrics,
spec
if
ic
a
lly
fin
ger
print
technol
og
y
.
It
is
a
web
application
tha
t
works
with
a
fing
erp
rint
re
a
der
from
which
the
f
ea
tur
es
of
the
student
’s
finge
rprint
ar
e
ext
racte
d
duri
ng
enr
olment.
Thi
s
is
al
so
nee
ded
during
the
aut
hen
ticati
on
phase
which
occ
urs
during
the
roll
ca
l
l
a
tt
e
ndance
in
the
halls
o
f
reside
n
ce.
I
t
is
implemente
d
using
PH
P
and
M
y
SQ
L
.
Ke
yw
or
d
s
:
Atte
nd
a
nce
Au
t
hen
ti
cat
io
n
Au
t
om
ation
Bi
om
e
tric
Fing
e
r
pr
int
Web te
ch
no
l
og
ie
s
Copyright
©
201
9
Instit
ut
e
o
f Ad
vanc
ed
Engi
n
ee
r
ing
and
S
cienc
e
.
Al
l
rights re
serv
ed
.
Corres
pond
in
g
Aut
h
or
:
Ad
em
ola A
,
Dep
a
rtm
ent o
f El
ect
rical
an
d I
nfor
m
at
ion
E
nginee
rin
g
,
Cov
e
na
nt Univ
ersit
y
,
Ca
naan la
nd, KM
10, I
dir
ok
o,
R
oa
d,
P.M.
B. 10
23, Ota
, Og
un Stat
e,
Ni
ger
ia
.
Em
a
il
:
ade
m
ol
a.ab
du
l
kar
eem
@cove
nan
t
un
i
ver
sit
y.ed
u.n
g
1.
INTROD
U
CTION
The
us
e
of
fi
nger
pr
i
nt
f
or
m
on
it
ori
ng
at
te
ndance
feat
ur
e
has
bee
n
in
exi
ste
nce
f
or
a
w
hile
now
,
with
valua
ble
resea
r
ch
bei
ng
do
ne
us
in
g
diff
e
ren
t
m
et
ho
ds.
Am
ong
the
m
et
hord
s
a
re
the
a
r
m
9
base
d
inte
ll
igent
stst
e
m
fo
r
biom
et
ric
fing
er
pr
int
at
ta
nd
ace
[
1],
fin
ge
rprint
cl
assifi
cat
ion
usi
ng
Fu
zzy
-
Ne
ur
al
netw
ork
m
et
ho
d
that
associat
e
a
giv
en
fi
nge
r
to
on
e
of
the
e
xisti
ng
cl
ass
[
2],
fin
gerpr
i
nt
al
gorithm
m
eth
od
that
us
e
d
for
the
identific
at
ion
and
rec
ongnit
ion
of
fin
ge
rprint
[3
]
,
cl
ass
ific
at
ion
of
pa
ram
et
er
of
fi
ng
e
r
pr
int
base
d
on
al
gorithm
t
low
m
et
ho
d
[
4]
et
c.
Howe
ver,
with
the
a
va
il
able
var
ie
ty
of
m
et
ho
ds
ne
eded
for
fi
ngerprint
identific
at
ion
a
nd
recog
nit
ion
,
cur
re
nt
te
ch
niq
ue
s
ha
ve
cert
ai
n
dr
a
w
back
i
n
the
accu
racy
and
m
at
ching
sp
ee
d
of
t
he
fi
ng
e
rprint
m
at
hin
g
al
gorithm
.
Alt
hough
t
hese
f
ing
e
rprint
cl
as
sific
at
ion
s
a
re
releva
nt
in
m
any
la
rg
e
-
scal
e
f
orensic
a
pp
li
cat
ion
s
,
but
are
r
arely
us
e
d
i
n
bio
m
et
ric
aut
h
entic
at
io
n
[5
]
.
Fin
ge
rprint
-
ba
sed
identific
at
ion
is
the
m
os
t
co
m
m
on
an
d
the
m
os
t
us
ed
biom
et
ric
te
chn
iq
ue.
It
ha
s
be
en
su
ccess
f
ully
de
plo
ye
d
in
va
rio
us
sect
or
s
an
d
f
or
va
r
iou
s
ap
plica
ti
on
s.
F
or
i
ns
ta
nc
e,
ba
nks
ha
ve
us
e
d
it
f
or
re
gi
strat
ion
an
d
iss
uing
of
B
ank
Ve
rificat
ion
N
um
ber
s
(BV
N)
to
thei
r
custom
ers;
m
ob
il
e
netwo
r
k
ser
vice
provi
der
s
al
so
use
it
to
reg
ist
er
SI
M
c
ard
s
f
or
subsc
r
ibers;
it
al
so
fi
nd
s
ap
plica
ti
on
in
secu
rity
f
or
both
resid
e
ntial
and
com
m
ercia
l
bu
il
di
ngs.
In
I
nd
ia
a
nd
oth
e
r
de
velo
ped
co
un
t
ri
es,
the
el
ect
ronic
voti
ng
m
achines
base
d
on
fin
ge
r
pr
i
nt
are
bein
g use
d gene
raaly
f
or stat
e
elec
ti
on
s si
nce
1999 u
p
to
d
at
e [
6].
Acc
ordin
g
to
(Dha
nashree
A.
G.2
011),
at
te
nd
a
nce
m
ana
gem
ent
syst
e
m
was
m
eant
to
serv
e
as
a
su
bst
it
ute
f
or
conve
ntion
al
a
tt
end
an
c
e
syst
e
m
to
le
ssen
the
processi
ng
tim
e
and
pap
e
r
c
os
t
[
7].
M
oreo
ver,
at
te
nd
an
ce
is
be
ing
ta
ken
dail
y
at
workplace
s
an
d
in
s
ch
ools
in
de
vel
op
i
ng
a
nd
de
velo
pe
d
c
ountries
a
nd
t
his
has
m
ade
at
ten
da
nce
rec
ordi
ng
a
n
interest
i
ng
researc
h
ar
ea;
This
has
le
d
to
th
e
di
ff
e
r
ent
de
velo
pm
e
nt
and
i
m
ple
m
entat
io
n
of
the
stu
de
nt
at
te
ndance
s
yst
e
m
us
ing
va
rio
us
m
et
ho
ds.
Atte
nd
a
nce
captu
re
a
nd
re
cordi
ng
play
s
a
huge
par
t
in
t
he
ac
adem
ic
su
ccess
of
st
ud
e
nts.
Low
at
te
nd
a
nce
in
cl
ass
m
os
t
t
i
m
es
lead
s
t
o
unde
rp
e
rfor
m
ance
by
stu
de
nt
s
[8
,
9].
F
ro
m
a
su
r
vey
car
r
ie
d
out
in
Ne
w
Y
ork
Ci
ty
sta
te
fu
nde
d
sc
hools,
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
In
t J
Elec
&
C
om
p
En
g
IS
S
N:
20
88
-
8708
Web
based
fi
nger
pr
int r
oll c
all atte
ndance
man
ag
e
me
nt s
yst
em
(
Ade
m
ola
A
.
)
4365
it
was
rev
eal
e
d
that
par
ti
ci
pation
is
a
n
i
m
po
rt
ant
determ
inan
t
of
grade
s
in
the
sch
ool
te
sts.
By
know
i
ng
t
hese
reali
ti
es,
at
te
nd
ance
of
a
st
udent
ought
to
be
gi
ven
high
er
pri
or
it
y
irre
sp
ect
ive
of
the
school’s
cat
e
gories.
The
increa
sin
g
nu
m
ber
of
st
udents
in
sc
hool
nowad
ay
s
m
a
kes
at
te
nd
a
nce
ta
kin
g
m
or
e
te
dious
an
d
the
refor
e
tradit
ion
al
m
eth
od
f
or
ta
king
at
te
nd
an
ce
will
not
be
rele
vant
any
lo
nger.
Pr
od
ucin
g
repor
ts
(
on
daily
,
week
ly
or
m
on
thly
ba
sis)
c
ou
l
d
be
ver
y
te
dious
on
the
pa
rt
of
the
te
ache
rs.
He
nce,
the
ne
ed
for
A
utom
at
ed
at
te
nd
an
ce sy
st
e
m
in
insti
tuti
ons
[10].
Seve
ral
li
te
ratur
e
discu
ss
di
ff
e
ren
t
ways
of
ca
pturin
g
t
he
use
r
’s
data
us
in
g
fi
ng
e
r
pri
nt
-
base
d
identific
at
ion
bu
t few
ta
lk
s abou
t
ways of d
is
play
ing
real
-
ti
m
e analy
sis of
d
at
a already ca
ptured
. F
or ins
ta
nce
,
in
the
stud
y
of
bio
m
et
ric
fo
r
identify
in
g
re
pe
at
ed
offe
nd
e
r
s
carried
ou
t
by
Ri
char
d
Ed
ward
[
11
]
,
the
re
was
room
fo
r
m
od
i
ficat
ion
of
phy
sic
al
app
ea
rance
an
d
na
m
e
s
by
the
c
rim
inals
beca
us
e
th
e
work
is
not
disp
la
yi
ng
real
-
ti
m
e
analy
sis
of
data.
T
his
is
a
gr
eat
dr
a
w
back
as
s
om
e
inp
uts
is
require
d
f
ro
m
the
adm
inist
rator
for
colla
ti
ng
of
th
ese
res
ults.
T
hi
s
is
one
thi
ngs
this
work
in
te
nd
s
t
o
s
olv
e
as
the
re
woul
d
be
rea
l
-
tim
e
data
analy
sis
of
the
captur
e
d
data
,
hen
ce
,
re
du
c
ing
the
in
put
of
the
a
dm
inis
trat
or
to
the
ba
rest
m
ini
m
um
and
m
aking
t
he
e
nt
ire
proce
ss
m
or
e
a
uto
m
at
ed.
The
t
wo
-
ti
er
s
of
t
war
e
fr
am
ework
that
was
ad
op
te
d
is
X
AMPP
.
XA
MP
P se
rv
e
r
d
el
ive
rs
a
windows
fr
ie
ndl
y plat
form
f
or
P
HP
,
Apac
he w
eb
se
rv
e
r
a
nd
My
SQ
L [1
2].
2.
RESEA
R
CH MET
HO
D
The
syst
em
arch
it
ect
ur
e
of
t
he
r
oll
cal
l
at
te
nd
a
nce
m
anag
em
ent
syst
e
m
is
a
2
-
ti
er
arch
it
ect
ure.
This
is
beca
use
the
we
b
a
ppli
cat
ion
has
a
use
r
i
nterf
ace
th
at
runs
on
a
cl
ie
nt
with
a
d
at
a
la
ye
r
that
gets
store
d
on
t
he
ser
ver.
The
tw
o
-
ti
er
s
oft
war
e
fr
am
ewo
r
k
that
wa
s
ad
op
te
d
in
this
w
ork
is
X
AMPP
serv
e
r
an
d
deliver
a
windows
fr
ie
ndly
platfo
rm
fo
r
PHP,
Ap
ac
he
we
b
ser
ve
r
a
nd
My
SQ
L.
Fi
gure
1
s
hows
t
he
User
i
nterf
a
ce
ti
er
(Cli
ent
ti
er)
as
it
com
m
un
ic
ates
with
the
ser
ver
ti
er
.
A
pac
he
wh
ic
h
is
the
web
ser
ver
a
do
pted,
store
s
the
web
app
li
cat
io
n
wr
i
tt
en
in
PH
P,
H
TML
and
CSS
.
This
web
a
ppli
cat
ion
has
a
us
er
inter
face
wh
ic
h
can
be
r
un
on
web
bro
wse
r
s
uch
a
s
I
nter
net
Ex
plo
re
r,
G
oogle
Chrom
e
or
Mozi
l
la
.
The
address
ty
pe
d
i
n
by
the
us
e
r
on
the
web
b
r
owser
is
conver
te
d
to
t
he
IP
ad
dr
e
ss
of
the
web
se
rv
e
r
(Apac
he
-
act
ing
the
D
NS
se
rv
e
r
on
the
internet
)
wh
e
re
the
data
base
a
nd
we
b
app
li
cat
io
n
file
s
are
sto
re
d.
A
pach
e
facil
it
at
es
ser
ving
the
us
er/cl
ie
nt
wit
h
htm
l
con
te
nt
wh
ic
h
pr
ese
nts
the
web
a
pp
li
cat
io
n.
A
pac
he
can
only
serv
e
dynam
ic
con
te
nt
us
in
g
ser
ve
r
-
si
de
scriptin
g
la
ng
ua
ge
li
ke
PHP
as
in
this
ca
se.
The
databa
se
stores
al
l
in
f
orm
at
ion
inputt
ed
int
o
the
syst
e
m
by
the
us
e
rs
es
pe
ci
al
ly
the
fing
e
r
pr
int
i
n
t
his
case,
t
his
inf
or
m
at
ion
is
m
os
tl
y
us
ed
f
or
m
at
ching
a
nd
authe
ntica
ti
on
.
Figure
1.
T
wo
-
ti
er ar
c
hitec
tu
re
of
t
he
on
li
ne
b
iom
et
ric b
ase
d
at
te
ndan
ce m
anag
em
ent syst
e
m
a.
User inte
r
face
ti
er
The
us
e
r
inter
face
ti
er
is
t
he
presentat
io
n
la
ye
r
of
the
web
ap
plica
ti
on,
it
us
ually
r
un
s
on
we
b
browsers
on ha
rdwar
e
unit
s li
ke
la
pt
ops a
nd
des
ktops.
b.
Applic
at
ion
lo
gic
The
ap
plica
ti
on
log
ic
is
the
br
ai
n
beh
i
nd
the
web
a
ppli
cat
ion
as
it
consi
sts
the
web
se
rv
e
r,
the
ser
ver
-
si
de
scriptin
g
i
n
P
HP
la
ngua
ge
and
the
fin
gerpr
i
nt
-
ba
sed
sig
ning
e
nrolm
ent
and
aut
hen
ti
cat
ion
m
od
ule. T
he fing
e
r
pr
int
data
store
d
in
the
da
ta
base is
has
he
d
to
pr
ov
i
de
a
n ad
ded lay
er
of secu
rity
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2088
-
8708
In
t J
Elec
&
C
om
p
En
g,
V
ol.
9
, N
o.
5
,
Oct
ober
201
9
:
4
3
6
4
-
4
3
7
1
4366
The dat
a acq
ui
sit
ion
in
vo
l
ves t
he
fin
ge
rprint
data acq
uisit
io
n
f
r
om
the stu
de
nts as sh
own
i
n
Fi
gure
2.
It
occ
ur
s
duri
ng
the
e
nrolm
e
nt
phase
a
nd
a
uth
e
ntica
ti
on
phase.
T
he
e
nro
l
m
ent
ph
ase
e
ntail
s
the
sto
ra
ge
of
fin
gerpr
i
nt
data
go
tt
en
f
ro
m
stud
ents
as
tem
plate
s
in
th
e
database.
T
he
authe
ntica
ti
on
ph
ase
e
ntail
s
the
com
par
ing
of
fin
gerpr
i
nt
ext
racted
duri
ng
at
te
nd
an
ce
ta
ki
ng
with
the
tem
plate
that
ha
s
bee
n
store
d
in
t
he
database
.
I
f
m
at
ch
is
found,
t
hen
a
uth
e
ntica
ti
on
proc
ess
is
com
plete
d
an
d
resu
lt
(att
end
a
nce
update
)
is ge
ner
at
ed
.
Figure
2
.
A
rch
i
te
ct
ur
e
of
t
he
fing
e
r
pr
int
bio
m
et
ric at
te
nd
a
nc
e sig
ning
m
odule
1.
Enrolm
ent
ph
a
se pro
ce
ss
The
e
nrolm
ent
ta
kes
place
in
the
adm
in
m
od
ule
of
t
he
syst
e
m
,
the
proces
ses
are
sho
wn
in
Fig
ure
3.
The
a
dm
in
add
s
the
st
ud
e
nt,
cl
ic
ks
on
t
he
reg
ist
er
butt
on
for
fin
ge
rprin
t
extracti
on
process
to
ta
ke
place.
The
st
ud
e
nt
places
his/he
r
fing
e
r
on
the
se
ns
or
w
hich
e
xt
racts
the
fin
ge
rprint
a
nd
sto
r
es
it
as
a
te
m
plate
in
the d
at
a
base.
Figure
3
.
Flo
w
char
t
represe
nt
ing
e
nrolm
ent p
r
ocess
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
In
t J
Elec
&
C
om
p
En
g
IS
S
N:
20
88
-
8708
Web
based
fi
nger
pr
int r
oll c
all atte
ndance
man
ag
e
me
nt s
yst
em
(
Ade
m
ola
A
.
)
4367
2.
Au
t
hen
ti
cat
io
n
phase
process
The
a
uth
e
ntica
ti
on
ph
ase
pro
cess
ta
kes
plac
e
in
the
le
ct
ure
r’
s
hall.
T
he
st
ud
e
nt
places
hi
s/her
fin
ger
on
the
sens
or,
the
ext
racted
fi
ng
e
r
pr
int
featu
res
a
re
the
n
c
om
par
ed
with
store
d
fin
gerpr
i
nt
tem
plate
to
chec
k
for
a m
at
ch.
Once m
at
ch
is f
ound,
the
stu
dent
is m
ark
ed
pre
sent as
sho
wn in F
i
gure
4.
Figure
4
.
Flo
w
char
t
represe
nt
ing
a
uth
e
ntica
ti
on
proces
s
c.
Creat
ing
a
dat
abase
for fi
nger
pr
i
nt im
age
The
fir
st
ste
p
of
fi
nger
pr
i
nt
ver
ific
at
io
n
is
to
first
create
the
dat
abase
.
The
data
base
is
ind
e
xed.
The
X
AMPP
c
on
t
ro
l
pa
nel
ve
rsion
3.2.1
wa
s
us
e
d
to
m
ake
the
c
om
pu
te
r
act
as
a
ser
ver.
PhpMy
A
dm
in
to
o
l
was
the
My
SQL
database
m
a
nag
em
ent
too
l
us
e
d
in
this
w
ork.
T
her
e
a
re
four
ta
bles
na
m
el
y:
de
m
o_
de
vice,
dem
o_
fin
ger,
dem
o_
log
a
nd
dem
o_
us
e
r.
T
he
finger
pr
i
nt
or
thu
m
bprint
store
d
m
akes
it
easi
er
f
or
proc
essing
as
in
the
case
of
fin
gerpr
i
nt
m
at
ching
.
T
he
fing
e
r
pr
int
im
age
colle
ct
ed
i
s
has
hed
to
a
dd
a
la
ye
r
of
se
cur
it
y
to
the
syst
e
m
by
avo
idi
ng
i
m
per
so
natio
n.
The
dem
o_
f
ing
e
r
ta
ble
in
cl
ud
es
the
use
r_
i
d,
fi
ng
e
r_
i
d
an
d
fin
ger_d
at
a.
T
he
fi
ng
e
r
_d
at
a
is
the
has
he
d
val
ue
of
the
reg
ist
ere
d
fin
ge
rprint.
Othe
r
requirem
ents
of
t
he
syst
e
m
are: Flexcode
SDK,
L
ocal Se
rv
e
r (X
AMPP se
r
ver)
and La
ptop /Pe
rsonal c
om
pu
te
r.
Var
i
ou
s
segm
ents
of
this
w
ork
wer
e
ta
ke
n
th
rou
gh
sev
eral
te
sts
an
d
ver
ific
at
io
n
to
ens
ur
e
t
he
functi
onal
it
y
of
s
of
twa
re
a
ppli
cat
ion
.
Fig
ure
5
bel
ow
s
hows
sam
ples
diff
e
re
nt
fin
ge
rprints
e
xtract
ed
by
fin
gerpr
i
nt
sen
so
r
durin
g
the
enrolm
ent
pr
oc
ess.
These
fin
gerpr
i
nts
are
conve
rted
into
a
series
of
di
gits
and
le
tt
ers
that are
then st
or
e
d
i
n
t
he data
base
.
Figure
5
.
Sam
ples o
f
f
i
ng
e
rpri
nt as
ref
le
ct
ed
by f
i
ng
e
rprint
sens
or
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2088
-
8708
In
t J
Elec
&
C
om
p
En
g,
V
ol.
9
, N
o.
5
,
Oct
ober
201
9
:
4
3
6
4
-
4
3
7
1
4368
The
str
uctu
ral
desig
n
of
the
s
yst
e
m
design
e
d
in
P
HP
m
yAm
in
with
My
Sq
l
is
dep
ic
te
d
i
n
Fig
ur
e
6.
The
adm
inist
rator
s
’
log
i
n
de
ta
il
s
and
stu
den
ts
’
data
ar
e
resp
ect
ively
pr
ese
nted
in
Figures
7
a
nd
8.
The
i
nterf
ace
for t
he
ca
pturin
g of r
oll cal
l at
te
nd
a
nce is as
sh
ow
n
in
Fi
gur
e 9
.
Figure
6
.
Str
uc
ture desig
n
Figure
7
.
A
dm
i
nistrato
rs’ lo
gin
detai
ls
Figure
8
.
Stu
de
nts’ data
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
In
t J
Elec
&
C
om
p
En
g
IS
S
N:
20
88
-
8708
Web
based
fi
nger
pr
int r
oll c
all atte
ndance
man
ag
e
me
nt s
yst
em
(
Ade
m
ola
A
.
)
4369
Figure
9
.
Roll
cal
l at
te
nd
ance
capture
detai
ls
3.
RESU
LT
S
AND
A
N
ALYSIS
The
inter
face
f
or
the
lo
gin
m
odule
is
as
give
n
in
Fig
ur
e
10.
Bot
h
adm
ini
strat
or
a
nd
the
stud
e
nts
us
e
the sam
e interf
ace. A
dm
inist
rator
lo
gi
n
to t
he
m
od
ule to vi
ew
a
nd an
al
ysi
s the st
ud
e
nts’ at
te
nd
an
ce f
requen
cy
on
t
he
m
od
ule,
wh
il
e
the
st
udents
on
ly
log
i
n
to
re
gister
or
s
ign
-
in
f
or
their
courses w
it
h
a
lready
rec
orde
d
data
on
data
base
to
pr
e
ve
nt
sig
n
-
i
n
er
ror.
A
ny
stud
e
nt
w
ho
do
e
s
not
re
gister
f
or
a
c
ourse
w
ould
be
ca
pture
d
f
or
at
te
nd
an
ce
via
the b
i
om
et
ric scann
e
r.
Figure
10
.
L
og
in m
od
ule
In
order
to
j
ust
ify
the
accur
acy
of
the
syst
e
m
,
twenty
s
a
m
ples
wer
e
ta
ken,
an
d
on
each
of
th
e
sam
ples,
5
sign
in
g
tria
ls
were
carried
out
and
the
r
esults
f
or
eac
h
tria
l
was
do
c
um
ented
in
Table
1.
Fi
gure
1
1
sh
ows
the
plo
t
of the e
xperim
ental
of the
f
i
nger
pr
i
nt
res
ults
.
Figure
1
1
.
Sam
ples
of
fin
gerp
rint as
ref
le
ct
e
d by the
fin
gerpr
i
nt senso
r
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2088
-
8708
In
t J
Elec
&
C
om
p
En
g,
V
ol.
9
, N
o.
5
,
Oct
ober
201
9
:
4
3
6
4
-
4
3
7
1
4370
The Fal
se Reje
ct
ion
Rat
e a
nd
False
A
cce
ptan
ce Ra
te
are
c
he
cked in t
he foll
ow
i
ng m
ann
er.
FRR
= NFR
/
NEIA
FA
R =
NFA /
NIIA
Wh
e
re
FRR
= False R
ejecti
on Rat
e
FA
R =
False
A
ccepta
nce
Rat
e
NF
R =
N
um
ber
of
False
Reje
ct
ion
NEIA =
Num
ber
of
En
ro
le
e
I
den
ti
fie
d Att
em
pt
NFA =
N
um
ber
of
False
Acce
ptance
NIIA =
Nu
m
ber
of
Ille
gal Ide
ntifie
d Att
em
pt
Table
1.
Re
s
ult o
f
f
alse re
jectio
n
r
ate s
y
ste
m
test
Enro
lled
Users
(sa
m
p
l
e)
NFR
NEI
A
FRR
1
1
5
0
.2
2
0
5
0
3
1
5
0
.2
4
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
6
1
5
0
.2
7
1
5
0
.2
8
0
5
0
9
2
5
0
.4
10
1
5
0
.2
11
0
2
0
12
0
5
0
13
1
5
0
.2
14
0
5
0
15
2
5
0
.4
16
1
5
0
.2
17
0
5
0
18
0
5
0
19
1
5
0
.2
Moree
ver,
the
adm
inist
rator
can
chec
k
dif
fe
ren
t
cha
rt
to
su
m
m
arise
the
stud
e
nts’
f
re
quency
in
the
cl
ass as s
how
n i
n
Fig
ures
12 a
nd 13
.
Figure
12.
Li
ne
ch
a
rt for
att
end
a
nce ca
pt
ur
e
d
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
In
t J
Elec
&
C
om
p
En
g
IS
S
N:
20
88
-
8708
Web
based
fi
nger
pr
int r
oll c
all atte
ndance
man
ag
e
me
nt s
yst
em
(
Ade
m
ola
A
.
)
4371
Figure
1
3.
Ba
r c
har
t
for
at
te
nd
ance ca
ptured
4.
CONCL
US
I
O
N
The
obj
ect
ive
of
this
wor
k
is
to
dev
el
op
a
f
ully
functi
onal
at
te
nd
a
nce
sys
tem
wh
ic
h
is
use
d
t
o
car
ry
ou
t
a
m
ulti
-
fing
er
pr
i
nt
ope
rati
on
(r
e
gistrati
on
a
nd
ve
rificat
ion
operati
on
s
)
in
real
ti
m
e.
The
work
is
em
barke
d
with
a
s
ole
ai
m
of
m
aking
a
tt
end
anc
e
ta
king
an
d
c
ollat
ion
easy
and
done
in
real
ti
m
e
w
it
h
i
m
m
ediat
e
update
carried
out
on
pr
e
viously
ex
ist
ing
data.
T
he
pu
rpose
of
carryin
g
ou
t
this
w
ork
is
to
hel
p
re
duce
su
c
h
occurre
nces
of
i
m
per
sonat
ion
to
the
ba
rest
m
ini
m
u
m
.
The
syst
e
m
wo
uld
help
prov
i
de
add
it
io
n
al
sec
ur
it
y
and
al
so
pr
e
ve
nt
un
a
uthoris
ed
acce
s
s
of
stud
e
nt’s
data
to
any
ind
iv
idu
al
as
fing
e
rprint
is
un
iq
ue
to
ever
y i
nd
i
vidu
al
.
ACKN
OWLE
DGE
MENTS
The
a
uthor
s
w
ou
l
d
li
ke
t
o
e
xpress
s
pecial
th
anks to
Co
venant U
niv
e
rsity
f
or thei
r
s
urp
ort
.
REFERE
NCE
S
[1]
C.
M.
Kozie
rok,
The
TC
P/
IP
guide
:
a
comprehens
iv
e,
i
ll
ustrated
Inte
rnet
protoc
ols
refe
renc
e
,
No
Starc
h
Press
,
2005.
[2]
S.
U.
Mahe
sw
ari
and
D.
E.
Cha
ndra
,
"A
rev
ie
w
stud
y
on
finge
r
print
class
ifi
cati
on
al
gorit
hm
used
for
finge
rprin
t
ide
nti
f
icati
on
an
d
rec
ogn
it
ion
,
"
I
JCST
,
vol
.
3
,
pp
.
739
-
45,
2012.
[3]
D.
Pare
kh
and
R
.
Vig,
"R
evi
ew
of
Para
m
et
ers
of
Fingerpri
nt
Clas
sific
at
ion
Meth
ods
Based
on
Al
gorit
hm
ic
Flow,
"
in
Ad
vanc
es
in
C
omputing
and
In
formation
Techn
ology
,
ed:
Sprin
ger
,
pp
.
28
-
39
,
2
011
.
[4]
D.
B.
V.
Ragha
v
and
S.
K.
Bandi,
"D
igi
talized
Elec
tron
ic
Voting
S
y
stem,"
Inte
rna
ti
onal
Journal
o
f
Re
configurabl
e
and
Embe
dded
S
yste
m
s (
IJR
ES)
,
vol.
5
,
pp
.
148
-
1
52,
2016
.
[5]
V.
K.
C
.
Redd
y
,
B.
Sukum
ar,
and
S.
J.
Hus
sain,
"A
RM
9
Based
Int
el
l
ige
n
t
S
y
st
em
for
B
iometri
c
Figure
Authent
i
ca
t
ion,
"
Indone
sian
Journal
of
El
ec
tr
ic
al
Engi
n
ee
rin
g
and
Comput
er
Sci
ence
(
IJE
ECS)
,
vol.
13,
pp.
209
-
214
,
20
15.
[6]
I.
Ta
z
ight
and
M.
Fakir,
"Fi
nger
prin
t
Cla
ss
ifi
c
at
ion
Us
ing
Fuzz
y
-
n
eur
al
Network
and
Other
Methods,
"
IAE
S
In
te
rnation
al
Journal
of
Art
if
icial
Intelli
g
en
ce
(
IJ
-
AI)
,
vo
l. 3
,
pp
.
129
-
135
,
2
014.
[7
]
L.
K.
Nam
,
"
Fin
ger
print
R
ec
ogni
ti
on
Student
Att
en
dance
Mana
g
e
m
ent
S
y
stem,"
Univer
siti
Tunk
u
Abdul
Rahman
,
Ma
y
2015.
[8]
M.
Lourde a
nd
D.
Khos
la
,
"
fing
erp
rint id
en
ti
fi
cation
in
biometr
ic s
y
st
em
,
"
IJCEE
,
vol
.
2(
5
)
,
pp
.
1
793
-
8163
,
2010
.
[9]
A.
Abdulkar
eem
,
D.
U.
Ike
,
and
F.
Olowononi,
“
Deve
lopment
of
a
Radi
o
Freque
nc
y
Id
e
nti
ficat
ion
Base
d
Atte
ndan
ce
Man
age
m
ent
Appli
c
at
ion
with
A
Pic
tori
al
D
at
ab
ase
Fram
ework
,
”
Int
ernati
onal
Journ
al
of
Re
s
earc
h
i
n
Information
Tec
hnology
(
IJR
IT)
,
v
ol
.
2
(
4
)
,
pp.
62
1
-
628,
Apr
2014
.
[10]
M.
H.
Hem
a
Subram
ani
am,
Se
t
y
aw
an
W
id
y
ar
to
,
"Bar
Code
Sca
nner
Based
Stud
ent
At
te
ndan
ce
S
y
stem
(SA
S)."
Jurnal
TICO
M
,
v
ol.
1
(
3
)
,
2013
.
[11]
H.
Coli
n
Bea
v
an
,
New
York
Cit
y
,
2001,
Am
az
on.
com.
Ret
ri
eve
d
2,
“
Fingerpri
nts:
The
Origins
of
Crime
Dete
c
ti
on
and
Murder
Cas
e
th
at L
aun
che
d
Forensic
Sci
ence
,
"
Augus
t
2014.
[12
]
S.
Y.
M.
2012.
"
Revi
ew:
XA
MPP sta
cks
for
W
eb
develope
rs
,"
Inf
oWorld.
R
et
ri
eved
,
20
Janua
r
y
2
015.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.