Int
ern
at
i
onal
Journ
al of Ele
ctrical
an
d
Co
mput
er
En
gin
eeri
ng
(IJ
E
C
E)
Vo
l.
9
, No
.
5
,
Octo
ber
201
9
, pp.
3657
~
36
63
IS
S
N:
20
88
-
8708
,
DOI: 10
.11
591/
ijece
.
v
9
i
5
.
pp3657
-
36
63
3657
Journ
al h
om
e
page
:
http:
//
ia
es
core
.c
om/
journa
ls
/i
ndex.
ph
p/IJECE
Mic
ro
s
trip
mul
ti
-
stopban
d filte
r
b
ased on tre
e
fractal
slotted res
onato
r
Manju B
h
as
k
ar
,
T
ho
m
as
k
u
tty Ma
th
ew
Depa
rtment
o
f
E
lc
tronics,
School
of
T
ec
hno
log
y
a
nd
Applie
d
Sci
e
nce
s
,
India
Art
ic
le
In
f
o
ABSTR
A
CT
Art
ic
le
history:
Re
cei
ved
Sep
1
, 2
01
8
Re
vised
Ma
r
2
7
, 2
01
9
Accepte
d
Apr 10
, 201
9
Thi
s
pape
r
pre
se
nts
the
design
a
nd
deve
lopment
of
a
new
m
ic
ro
strip
m
ult
i
-
stopband
fil
t
er
base
d
on
tre
e
fr
a
ct
a
l
slott
ed
r
esona
tor.
A
single
s
quar
e
patch
with
tree
fra
ct
a
l
slots
of
diffe
r
e
nt
itera
t
ions
are
emplo
y
ed
for
re
al
i
zi
ng
dua
l
stopband
and
tr
i
-
stopband
f
il
t
er
s.
The
tr
ee
fr
a
ct
a
l
slot
te
d
r
esona
tors
ar
e
gene
ra
te
d
from
conve
nti
on
al
square
patch
using
an
it
erati
ve
tre
e
fra
cta
l
gene
ra
tor
m
et
ho
d.
Firs
t,
se
cond
and
thi
rd
le
v
el
i
te
ra
ti
ons
of
th
e
tre
e
fr
acta
l
slot
resona
tor
ar
e
used
to
desig
n
dual
and
tr
i
-
st
opband
fil
t
ers
r
espe
ctively
.
The
first
le
v
el
i
t
era
t
ion
int
roduc
ed
for
the
tree
fr
ac
t
al
slot
re
al
i
zes
dual
bands
at
2.
64
GH
z
and
3.
61
GH
z
whi
le
the
sec
ond
l
e
vel
it
er
ation
provide
s
bet
t
er
stopband
re
je
c
tion
and
ins
ert
ion
loss
at
2
.
57
G
Hz
and
3
.
56
G
Hz.
Th
e
tr
i
-
stopband
filter
g
ene
ra
te
s
thr
ee
re
sonanc
e
fr
eque
n
ci
es
at
1
.
53
GH
z
,
2.
53
GH
z
and
3.
54
GH
z
at
thi
rd
le
v
el
i
te
ra
t
ion.
B
y
var
y
ing
the
slot
l
engt
h
a
nd
wi
dth
of
the
tree
fra
c
ta
l
s
lot
,
th
e
resona
nt
fre
quenc
i
es
ca
n
be
adj
usted,
an
d
stopbands
of
the
proposed
fil
ter
ca
n
b
e
tun
ed
for
the
d
esired
unwante
d
fre
q
uency
to
b
e
rej
e
ct
ed
.
The
pr
oposed
nar
rowb
and
filters
f
ind
appl
i
ca
t
ion
in
re
m
oving
the
int
erf
ere
n
ce
of
GP
S
and
W
i
-
Ma
x
nar
rowband
signal
s
from
the
al
lot
t
ed
bands
of
othe
r
wire
le
ss
comm
unic
at
ion
s
y
stems
.
Ke
yw
or
d
s
:
Ba
nd
st
op f
il
te
r
M
od
es
Mult
i
-
stopba
nd
Patc
h resonat
or
Tree
fr
act
al
Copyright
©
201
9
Instit
ut
e
o
f Ad
vanc
ed
Engi
n
ee
r
ing
and
S
cienc
e
.
Al
l
rights
reserv
ed
.
Corres
pond
in
g
Aut
h
or
:
Th
om
asku
tt
y M
at
hew
,
Dep
a
rtm
ent o
f El
ect
ro
nics
,
Re
ader
,
Sc
hool
of Tec
hnology
and
Applie
d S
ci
ences
,
Eda
pp
al
ly
, Ko
chi,
India.
Em
a
il
: dr
tkm
ath
ew
@
gm
ail.co
m
1.
INTROD
U
CTION
The
re
qu
irem
ent
of
m
ulti
-
sto
pb
a
nd f
il
te
rs
is
increa
sin
g
day
by d
ay
as
the ra
dio
f
r
eq
ue
ncy
transc
ei
ver
fron
t
-
en
ds
with
en
ha
nced
pe
rfor
m
ance
an
d
com
pactness
is
necessary
for
the
a
dv
a
nc
e
m
ent
of
wi
r
el
ess
com
m
un
ic
at
ion
te
chnolo
gies
.
Narrow
ba
nd
width,
com
pact
siz
e,
low
weigh
t
an
d
reduc
ed
loss
are
the
m
ai
n
adv
a
ntage
s
of
m
ul
ti
ban
d
patc
h
filt
ers
[
1].
Mi
cro
strip
m
ulti
-
stop
ba
nd
filt
er
is
a
n
im
po
rtant
c
om
po
ne
nt
of
a
wireless
c
omm
un
ic
at
ion
tra
ns
cei
ve
r
for
t
he
rem
ov
al
of
m
ult
iple
ba
nds
sim
ultaneo
us
ly
,
as
t
he
el
ect
ronic
dev
ic
es
operati
ng ove
r
a
wide
f
re
quency
ra
nge
has
t
o
s
uppr
ess the
presenc
e of s
purio
us
a
nd h
a
rm
on
ic
sign
al
s
.
Conve
ntion
al
m
ul
ti
-
stop
ba
nd
filt
ers
are
real
iz
ed
by
casca
di
ng
diff
e
ren
t
st
opba
nd
filt
ers
causin
g
the
ci
rcu
it
siz
e
to
i
ncr
ease wh
ic
h
is
no
t
su
it
able
for
the
com
pact
m
od
ern
c
omm
un
ic
at
ion
syst
e
m
s.
Var
io
us
de
signs
in
the
li
te
ratur
e
fo
r
m
ic
ro
strip
m
ult
i
-
stopba
nd
filt
er
inclu
de
s
stub
loa
ded
ste
pp
e
d
im
ped
ance
res
on
at
ors
[2
,
3],
du
al
m
od
e
s
quare
lo
op
res
onat
or
filt
ers
[4
,
5],
stu
b
loa
de
d
res
onat
or
filt
ers
[
6,
7]
a
nd
def
ect
e
d
m
ic
r
os
tri
p
resonato
r
filt
er
[
8]
m
et
ho
ds
.
Connect
in
g
va
rio
us
stu
b
loa
de
d
res
onat
ors
t
o
reali
ze
a
m
ulti
stop
ba
nd
cau
ses
a
n
increase
in
i
nse
rtion
l
os
s
a
nd
circuit
siz
e
of
t
he
filt
er.
Ra
diati
on
loss f
r
om
t
he
bac
ks
i
de
of the
de
fected g
r
ound
filt
ers
nee
ds
a
dd
it
io
nal
str
uct
ur
es
un
der
the
gro
und
pla
ne
wh
ic
h
in
crease
the
c
om
plexity
in
the
de
sig
n
a
nd
weig
ht of t
he
fi
lt
er s
truct
ur
e
.
Ap
a
rt
f
ro
m
these
desig
n
m
et
ho
ds,
f
ractal
res
on
at
or
s
are
fin
ding
a
pp
li
cat
io
ns
in
reali
zi
ng
m
ul
ti
ban
d
filt
ers
as
the
sel
f
-
sim
i
la
rity
pr
op
e
rty
of
f
ract
al
geo
m
et
ries
c
an
be
s
uccess
fu
ll
y
app
li
ed
t
o
the
desi
gn
of
m
ulti
-
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2088
-
8708
In
t J
Elec
&
C
om
p
En
g,
V
ol.
9
, N
o.
5
,
Oct
ober
201
9
:
3
6
5
7
-
3
6
6
3
3658
band
filt
ers
w
hi
le
the
sp
ace
-
fi
ll
ing
pro
per
ty
can
be
util
iz
ed
for
m
iniat
ur
iz
at
ion
.
I
n
f
ractal
structu
res,
eac
h
sub
-
sect
ion
has
the
char
act
e
risti
cs
of
t
he
whole
structu
re
in
a
sm
a
ll
er
scal
e
[9
]
.Th
e
com
plex
i
te
rati
ve
natur
e
of
fr
act
al
s
wh
ic
h
is
res
pons
i
ble
for
m
ulti
ban
d
be
hav
i
our
is
exp
l
oited
on
a
la
rg
e
scal
e
f
or
t
he
desig
ni
ng
of
m
ic
ro
wa
ve
de
vices.I
n
[
10]
Fede
rico
Ca
ra
m
anica
rep
ort
ed
a
m
iniat
ur
iz
ed
m
ult
i
-
stopban
d
filt
er
ba
sed
on
Hilbert
sp
ace
-
fill
ing
c
urve,
ca
pab
le
of
el
i
m
inati
ng
m
ultip
le
inter
fer
e
nc
e
sig
nals.
A
dual
-
band
le
ft
-
ha
nd
e
d
m
et
a
m
a
te
rial
f
abr
ic
at
ed
us
in
g
tree
-
s
ha
ped
fr
act
al
is
inv
e
sti
gated
by
X
u
He
-
Xi
u
et
al
.
[11].
A
n
H
-
fr
act
al
wide
band
m
icr
os
t
rip
filt
er
with
m
ult
i
-
pas
sb
a
nd
s
a
nd
a
tun
e
d
notc
h
ba
nd
f
or
wirele
ss
com
m
un
ic
a
ti
on
is
repor
te
d by
Pat
in et al
.
[12].
Trin
dad
e
et
al
.
in
[
13]
re
port
ed
the
analy
sis
of
a
2
-
D
per
i
odic
ar
ray
of
m
et
al
Durer’s
pe
ntag
on
pre
-
fr
act
al
s
patch
el
e
m
ents
fo
r
at
ta
ining
dual
stopba
nd
filt
er
respon
se
.
Pean
o
fr
act
al
res
onat
or
str
uc
ture
s
of
t
w
o
diff
e
re
nt
dim
e
nions
are
al
ig
ned
a
nd
c
oupl
ed
to
ei
ther
s
ides
of
the
tr
ansm
issi
on
li
ne
fo
r
at
ta
inin
g
du
al
stopba
nd
re
spo
ns
e
in
[
14
]
.T
he
repor
te
d
wor
k
in
[
15
]
com
pr
ise
s
m
or
e
than
one
m
ink
owski
fr
act
al
base
d
ope
n
loop
rin
g
resonato
rs
with
di
ff
e
ren
t
it
erati
on
le
vels
in
th
e
sa
m
e
filt
er
structu
re
to
ge
ner
at
e
tri
-
st
opba
nd
respo
ns
e.
In
A
hm
ed
et
al
.
[16]
repo
rted
m
i
nkowski
fr
act
a
l
geo
m
et
ry
app
li
ed
to
t
he
co
nv
e
ntio
nal
tria
ngula
r
resonato
r
t
o
de
sign
a
sto
pban
d
filt
er.A
sto
pban
d
filt
er
design
e
d
us
i
ng
m
i
nkow
sk
i
f
ractal
rin
g
re
sonat
ors
a
nd
op
e
n
stu
b
res
onat
ors
for
le
ak
age
reducti
on
in
m
ic
ro
wa
ve
ov
e
ns
is
repor
t
ed
in
[17].
I
n
[18]
a
qu
asi
frac
ta
l
m
ul
ti
stop
band
filt
er
is
rep
or
t
ed
with
na
rro
w
fr
act
io
nal
ba
ndwidt
h.
De
s
ign
in
g
sim
ple
m
ul
ti
-
stop
ba
nd
filt
ers
with
redu
ce
d
nu
m
ber
of
co
up
li
ng
str
uctu
r
es
and
stu
bs
is
an
inevita
bl
e
req
ui
rem
ent
fo
r
m
od
er
n
wireless
com
m
un
ic
at
ion
syst
em
s.
Tree f
ractal
is a si
m
ple f
ractal
stru
ct
ure w
hic
h
pro
vid
es
f
le
xib
il
it
y i
n
tun
in
g
t
he
f
il
te
r
char
act
e
risti
cs and m
ulti
ban
dst
op
filt
ers base
d o
n t
hese
fract
al
stru
ct
ures a
r
e not re
ported
i
n
li
te
ratu
re.
This
pap
e
r
presents
the
des
ign
a
nd
de
vel
op
m
ent
of
m
ulti
-
stop
ba
nd
fil
te
rs
base
d
on
tree
fr
act
al
slott
ed
res
onat
or
s
.
By
introd
ucin
g
va
rio
us
le
vels
of
t
ree
fr
act
al
it
erati
on
on
the
slots,
it
is
ob
ser
v
e
d
that
m
ul
ti
ple
reso
na
nt
peaks
are
ob
ta
ine
d
co
r
respo
nd
i
ng
to
the
m
od
es
ex
ci
te
d
on
a
si
m
ple
sq
uar
e
patch
.
Du
al
st
opba
nd
an
d
tri
-
st
opba
nd
res
pons
e
s
are
gen
e
rated
by
inc
reasin
g
the
f
ractal
it
erati
on
on
the
sam
e
structu
re
with
out ad
diti
onal
c
ouplin
g or ad
de
d
str
uctu
res.
2.
TREE
FRA
C
TAL GE
NER
ATIO
N
P
ROCESS
The
sc
hem
at
ics
showi
ng
t
he
gen
e
rati
on
pr
ocess
of
t
he
tr
ee
fr
act
al
str
uc
ture
is
giv
e
n
in
Fig
ur
e
1.
The
pr
ocedur
e
to
create
a
tree
fr
act
al
sta
rts
off
with
a
li
ne
of
le
ngth
L
a
nd
width
d
as
in
Figure
1(a
)
wh
ic
h
ac
ts
as
the
ge
ne
rator.
At
the
f
irst
le
vel
of
it
e
rati
on,
the
le
ngth
L
is
div
ide
d
int
o
th
ree
e
qual
se
gm
ents.
A
li
ne
segm
ent
with
on
e
thi
rd
of
th
e
le
ng
th
L
is
intr
oduce
d
perp
end
ic
ular
to
th
e
init
ia
l
li
ne
L
at
the
first
po
int
of
div
isi
on
a
nd
a
lso
a
se
gm
ent
with
the
sam
e
le
ng
t
h
is
po
sit
ion
ed
at
t
he
seco
nd
point
of
div
isi
on,
again
perpe
nd
ic
ular
to
the
init
ia
l
l
i
ne
L
but
in
the
opposit
e
directi
on
.
Fig
ure
1(b
)
de
picts
the
structu
re
after
first
it
erati
on
. T
his
form
s the b
asi
c
step
for
t
he
f
orm
ation
of
t
he t
ree fract
al
.
Fr
act
al
dim
ens
ion
D
is
giv
e
n
by
(1).
N
i
s
the
nu
m
ber
of
sel
f
-
sim
i
la
r
li
ne
seg
m
ents
after
each
it
erati
on
le
vel
an
d
r
is
t
he
scal
in
g
fa
ct
or
[19]
.
T
he
fr
act
al
dim
ensio
n
a
fter
l
evel
-
1
it
erati
on
is
log
5
/l
og
3=
1.
456.
Af
te
r
t
he
first level i
te
rati
on
the
re ar
e
fi
ve
eq
ual li
ne
segm
ents. I
n
th
e con
sec
utive i
te
rati
on
process
,
each
s
egm
ent
is
con
sidere
d
as
the
init
ia
l
li
ne
segm
ent
and
f
ollo
wing
the
sam
e
procedure
will
at
ta
in
the
seco
nd
it
er
at
ed
str
uctur
e
as
in
Fig
ure
1(c).
The
fr
a
ct
al
dim
ension
af
te
r
seco
nd
le
ve
l
i
te
rati
on
is
2.929.
Fu
rt
her the t
hir
d
le
vel it
erati
on r
e
su
lt
s in
the
fr
act
al
str
uctu
r
e as s
how
n
in
Fig
ure
1
(
d) w
it
h
a
fr
act
al
dim
ensio
n
of 4.3
94.
)
l
o
g
(
)
l
o
g
(
r
N
D
(1)
Figure
1.
Schem
at
i
cs
of the
fo
rm
at
ion
of
th
e tree
fr
act
al
geom
et
ry
(a)
ge
ner
at
or
(
b) First le
vel it
erati
on (
c
)
sec
ond
le
vel it
erati
on
(
d)
t
hir
d
le
vel it
erati
on
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
In
t J
Elec
&
C
om
p
En
g
IS
S
N:
20
88
-
8708
Mi
crostrip
m
ulti
-
stopban
d
fi
lt
er
base
d on tre
e fractal sl
otted res
onat
or
(
M
an
j
u
B
haska
r
)
3659
3.
FILT
ER D
E
S
IGN
A
ND LA
YOUT
The
propose
d
filt
er
struct
ur
e
has
a
f
eedi
ng
m
ic
ro
strip
tra
nsm
issi
on
li
ne
with
wi
dth
w
and
heig
ht
h.
A
sin
gle
sq
ua
r
e
patch
with
va
rio
us
le
vels
of
tree
fr
act
al
slot
is
intro
duce
d
on
the
top
si
de
an
d
is
placed
in
pro
xim
it
y
to
the
tra
ns
m
issi
on
li
ne
with
a
couplin
g
gap
of
g.
The
va
riou
s
filt
er
str
uc
tures
a
re
give
n
i
n
Figure
2
(a
-
d).
Fo
r
w/
h
≥
2
and
c
har
act
erist
ic
s
i
m
ped
ance
Z
line
=
50
Ω
for
the
m
at
ching
conditi
on
s
on
input
and
outp
ut
por
ts,
the
ex
pr
essi
on
for
w
of
t
he
feed
in
g
m
ic
ro
st
rip
li
ne
is
gi
ven
by
(2
)
w
he
re
ε
r
is
the
relat
ive
diele
ct
ric co
ns
t
ant of t
he
s
ubstrat
e [
1].
r
r
l
i
n
e
r
r
r
l
i
n
e
r
l
i
n
e
Z
Z
Z
h
w
61
.
0
39
.
0
1
60
ln
2
1
1
60
2
ln
1
60
2
2
2
2
(
2
)
Figure
2
.
The
tree fract
al
slott
ed
s
quare
patc
h fil
te
r
struct
ures with
va
rio
us l
evels
of
it
erat
ion
on
the init
ia
l
slot
(
a) zeroth
it
erati
on (b) fir
st l
ev
el
it
erati
on
(c)
seco
nd level i
te
rati
on (d) t
hir
d
le
vel it
erati
on
The
el
ect
ro
m
agn
et
ic
fiel
ds
i
n
the
square
patch
res
onat
or
can
be
e
xp
l
ai
ned
in
te
rm
s
of
TM
Z
m
n0
m
od
es
[1
]
with
Z
perpe
nd
ic
ular
to
the
gro
und
of
the
pla
ne.
T
h
e
resona
nt
fr
e
qu
e
ncy
is
giv
en
in
(
3)
wh
e
re
a
and
b
are
the
sides
of
t
he
sq
ua
re
patch
r
eso
nator
a
nd
μ
r
is
the
relat
ive
pe
rm
eabil
ity
of
the
subst
rate
.
Tw
o
f
undam
ental
m
od
es TM
100
and
TM
010
a
nd
a
n
i
nf
init
e
num
ber
o
f
h
i
gh
e
r
orde
r
m
od
es
are sup
ported by t
he
sq
ua
re
patch
r
e
so
na
tor
[1,
20
].
The
f
irst
highe
r order
m
od
e is TM
110
.
2
2
0
)
(
)
(
2
b
n
a
m
c
mn
f
r
r
(
3
)
4.
RESU
LT
S
AND DI
SCUS
S
ION
The
filt
ers
ar
e
reali
zed
on
RT
D
uroid
5880
s
ubstrat
e
with
ϵ
r
=2
.
2
an
d
heig
ht
h=0.79
m
m
.
The
desi
gn
a
nd
si
m
ulati
on
s
are
pe
rfor
m
ed
i
n
CST
Mi
cro
wa
ve
St
ud
i
o
t
o
get
optim
iz
ed
para
m
et
ers.
Fo
r
reali
zi
ng
the
sin
gle
band
zero
th
it
e
rati
on
tree
fr
act
al
slott
ed
stop
ba
nd
filt
er,
a
slot
c
with
le
ng
th
18
m
m
and
widt
h
d=
0.4
m
m
is
introd
uced
on
t
he
top
side
of
the
patch
.
Fig
ure
3
(a
)
sh
ow
s
the
si
m
ulate
d
an
d
m
easur
ed
S
11
a
nd
S
21
res
ponse
s
w
hich
reson
at
es
at
2.
8
G
H
z.
For
the
first
le
vel
it
erated
tr
ee
fr
act
al
filt
er
,
dual
stop
ba
nd
s
are
ob
ta
ine
d
at
2.6
4
GH
z
an
d
3.6
1
GH
z
as
de
picte
d
in
Fig
ure
3
(
b).
F
urt
her
the
nex
t
le
vel
it
erati
on
i
m
pr
oves
the
r
ejecti
on
le
vels
of
the
d
ual
sto
pb
a
nds
as
sho
wn
in
Fi
g
ure
4
(a)
.
Fil
te
r
res
onat
es
at
2.
57
G
Hz
an
d
3.56
G
Hz.
Fig
ure
4(b
)
giv
es
the
sim
ulate
d
an
d
m
easur
ed
S
11
an
d
S
21
r
esp
on
ses
of
th
e
tri
-
sto
pb
a
nd
filt
er
resona
nces
at
1.57
G
Hz,
2.5
3
G
Hz
a
nd
3.
54
G
Hz.
Ta
bl
e
1
s
umm
aris
es
the
sto
p
ba
nd
pe
rfor
m
ances
of
the
filt
ers
with
qu
al
it
y
facto
r
,
fr
a
ct
ion
al
ba
ndwidt
h
(
FBW),
re
j
ect
io
n
le
vels
an
d
i
ns
e
rtion
l
os
s
ob
ta
ined
at
the r
es
onant
ba
nd
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2088
-
8708
In
t J
Elec
&
C
om
p
En
g,
V
ol.
9
, N
o.
5
,
Oct
ober
201
9
:
3
6
5
7
-
3
6
6
3
3660
(a)
(b)
Figure
3
.
Sim
ulate
d
an
d
Me
as
ur
e
d S
11
an
d S
21
res
pons
es
f
or
(a)
0th l
evel it
e
rated
filt
e
r
(
b)
1s
t
order i
te
rated
filt
er
(a)
(b)
Figure
4. Sim
ulate
d
an
d
m
easur
e
d S
11
an
d S
21
res
pons
es
for
(a)
2
nd
le
vel it
erated
filt
er (b) 3
rd
le
ve
l i
te
rated
filt
er
Table1
. Meas
ured
p
e
rfor
m
ance p
a
r
am
et
ers
of
the
prop
os
e
d fil
te
rs
Filter
Ty
p
e
Perf
o
r
m
an
ce
Para
m
e
te
rs
Sto
p
b
an
d
(GHz
)
-
3
dB
FBW
(%)
Rejectio
n
L
ev
el
(dB
)
Ins
ertion
L
o
ss
(dB
)
Qu
ality
F
acto
r
Zer
o
th
I
te
ration
2
.8
5
.69
2
2
.8
0
.81
1
7
.5
First L
ev
el
I
te
ratio
n
2
.6/3
.59
4
.49
/2
.78
1
8
.9/1
1
.1
0
.95
/0
.97
2
0
.03
/3
5
.9
Seco
n
d
L
ev
el I
te
ra
tio
n
2
.57
/3
.5
4
.04
/2
.56
1
9
.4/1
5
.2
0
.96
/0
.89
2
4
.7/3
8
.9
Third
L
ev
el
Iterati
o
n
1
.57
/2
.5/3
.5
3
.25
/2
.4/1
.1
1
7
.9/1
5
.8/
1
5
.2
0
.50
/0
.52
/
0
.77
3
0
.7/4
1
.6/
9
0
.9
Fo
r
the
ze
ro
t
h
le
vel
sing
le
stop
band
filt
er
,
TM
Z
010
m
od
e
resonates
al
on
g
the
width
of
the
patc
h
structu
re
at
2.8
GH
z.
B
oth
in
first
an
d
seco
nd
le
vel
it
erated
filt
ers,
the
increased
sl
ot
le
ng
th
in
the
dire
ct
ion
perpe
nd
ic
ular
t
o
the
init
ia
l
slo
t
c
excit
es
th
e
n
ext r
es
on
a
nt m
od
e
TM
Z
100
al
ong
with
TM
Z
010
thereb
y p
rodu
ci
ng
the
seco
nd
res
on
a
nce
.
TM
Z
01
0
m
od
e
excit
es
the
first
res
onant
pea
k
an
d
T
M
Z
100
m
od
e
wh
ic
h
res
onat
es
al
ong
the
le
ng
th o
f
th
e
patch
excit
es
the
second
pe
ak.
By
introduc
ing
the
thir
d
le
vel
it
erati
o
n
on
the
tree
fr
act
al
slot,
the
first
highe
r
orde
r
m
od
e
TM
Z
110
go
t
ex
ci
te
d
al
ong
wi
th
the
dom
ina
nt
m
od
es
TM
Z
100
and
TM
Z
010
in
the
s
qu
a
re
patch.
The
surface
current
flo
w
for
this
m
od
e
t
ook
a
s
horte
r
res
on
a
nt
path
t
ha
n
the
fir
st
tw
o
m
od
es
and
tra
ve
rses
in
bo
t
h
di
recti
on
s
on
t
he
pa
tc
h.
Th
e
surf
ace
current
distribu
ti
ons
at
the
three
resonant
fr
e
qu
e
ncies
f
or
the tri
-
sto
pb
a
nd
filt
er ar
e s
ho
wn in Fi
g
ure
5
(a
-
c)
.
The
filt
ers
disc
us
se
d
ha
ve
the
ver
y
im
po
rtant
char
act
erist
ic
s
that
their
stopban
d
res
onant
fr
e
qu
e
ncie
s
are
tun
a
ble
by
var
yi
ng
the
slo
t
le
ng
th
c
or
w
idth
d.
Fi
g
ure
6(
a
)
sho
ws
the
eff
ect
of
var
yi
ng
sl
ot
le
ng
th
c
fo
r
the
zer
oth
or
de
r
tree
f
ractal
stopba
nd
filt
er.
Fr
om
the
si
m
ulate
d
S
21
res
ul
ts
fo
r
th
ree
diff
e
ren
t
values
of
sl
ot
le
ng
th
23
m
m
,
24
m
m
and
25
m
m
i
t
is
evide
nt
that
as
the
slot
le
ngth
is
inc
reased
,
the
re
s
on
a
nt
peaks
s
hi
fts
to
the
lowe
r
f
requen
cy
sid
e
fro
m
2.
47
G
Hz,
2.3
9
G
Hz
an
d
2.3
0
G
Hz
res
pe
ct
ively
.
As
the
slot
le
ng
th
i
nc
reases,
the incr
eased
leng
t
h
see
n by the ele
ct
ric cu
rrent cause
s a lef
twar
d
s
hift or
r
edu
ct
io
n
i
n
the
r
es
on
a
nt freq
ue
ncy
.
The
slot
is
incr
easi
ng
in
a
rea
bo
t
h
horiz
on
ta
l
ly
in
x
directi
on
an
d
ve
rtic
al
ly
in
y
directi
o
n
after
eac
h
it
erati
on.
Figure
6
(
b)
s
hows
the
Y
slot
in
ver
ti
cal
or
y
directi
on
a
nd
H
slot
i
n
hori
zon
ta
l
or
x
dir
ect
ion
a
fter
t
hi
rd
le
vel
it
erati
on
on the
init
ia
l sl
ot
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
In
t J
Elec
&
C
om
p
En
g
IS
S
N:
20
88
-
8708
Mi
crostrip
m
ulti
-
stopban
d
fi
lt
er
base
d on tre
e fractal sl
otted res
onat
or
(
M
an
j
u
B
haska
r
)
3661
Figure
5
.
S
urfa
ce cu
rr
e
nt d
ist
r
ibu
ti
ons
of the
tri
-
sto
pb
a
nd f
il
te
r
(a)
at
1.5
3 GHz
(
b)
at
2.5
3 G
Hz (c) at
3.5
4 GH
Figure
6
.
(a
)
E
ff
ect
of v
a
ryi
ng sl
ot len
gth
c
on the
res
on
a
nt
f
re
quency
of t
he
ze
ro
t
h
le
vel
tree f
ractal
slot
te
d
filt
er (b)
To
polog
y i
nd
ic
at
in
g t
he
ho
rizo
ntall
y and ve
rtic
al
ly
o
rie
nted
sl
ot
after thi
rd leve
l i
te
rati
on
The
ef
fect
of
slot
width
on
the
resona
nce
beh
a
viou
r
of
t
he
filt
er
is
show
n
in
Fig
ure
7.
By
on
ly
var
yi
ng
the
width
,
d
of
the
H
slot
from
1
m
m
to
.4
m
m
i
t
is
ob
se
rv
e
d
fro
m
Fig
ure
7
(a
)
that
the
first
re
so
na
nt
fr
e
qu
e
ncy
f
1
s
hifts
to
higher
fr
e
qu
e
ncy
side
.
This
in
dicat
e
s
that
the
TM
Z
010
m
od
e
causi
ng
t
he
fir
st
res
on
a
nce
has
t
o
tra
nsver
se
a
le
sse
r
c
urren
t
path
f
or
d
=
.
4
m
m
co
m
par
e
d
t
o
d
=
1
m
m
.
As
show
n
i
n
Fi
gure
7
(
b)
if
the
widt
h
of
th
e
Y
slot
al
one
is
var
ie
d
from
1
m
m
to
.4
m
m
it
is
ob
ser
ve
d
that
the
sec
ond
res
on
a
nt
fre
qu
e
ncy
f
2
of
t
he
filt
er
sh
ifts
to
high
er
fr
e
quen
cy
side
.TM
z
100
m
od
e
tra
ve
rsing
in
x
di
recti
on
of
the
patch
f
ind
s
a
reduce
d
pat
h
a
nd
c
orres
pondi
ng
ly
the
res
on
a
nt
pea
k
s
hifts
t
o
hi
gh
e
r
fr
e
qu
e
ncy
side.
It
is
obvi
ous
that
the
first
and
sec
ond
ba
nd
s
ca
n
be
t
uned
in
div
i
du
al
ly
by
va
ryi
ng
the
width
of
H
or
Y
slot
re
sp
ect
ively
.
Als
o
i
t
is
unde
rstood
f
rom
S
21
resu
lt
s
of
Fig
ure
7(c
)
that
if
we
va
r
y
the
slot
widt
h
from
1
m
m
to
.
3
m
m
,
the
first,
seco
nd
a
nd
thi
rd
resona
nces
f
1
,
f
2
a
nd
f
3
re
sp
ect
ively
sh
if
ts
to
the
uppe
r
fr
e
qu
e
ncy
sid
e.
All
stop
ba
nds
of
the
re
porte
d
f
il
te
rs
fall
bet
ween
1.5
G
H
z
and
3.6
G
Hz
w
hich
fi
nds
ap
plica
ti
on
in
m
od
er
n
wireless
com
m
un
ic
at
ion
.
The
pr
opos
e
d
filt
er
in
t
his
work
gen
e
rate
s
tri
-
sto
pba
nd
respo
ns
e
by
in
creasin
g
t
he
it
erati
on
le
vel
of
the
tr
ee
fr
act
al
slot
on
a
sin
gle
square
patch
r
e
s
on
at
or
as
c
ompar
e
d
to
[
14,
15]
there
by
re
du
ci
ng
the
num
ber
of
resona
nt
str
uct
ur
es
co
uple
d
to
the
tra
ns
m
iss
ion
li
ne.
Fig
ure
8
(a
–
c)
sho
ws
t
he
photog
r
aphs
of
the f
a
br
ic
at
e
d
f
il
te
rs.
(a)
(b)
(c)
Figure
7
.
(
a
)
E
ff
ect
of v
a
ryi
ng
on
ly
the
w
i
dth
of H
slot
on re
sonant
fr
e
que
ncies (
b) E
ff
ec
t of va
ryi
ng
only
the
width o
f
Y
sl
ot on reso
na
nt fr
equ
e
ncies
(c)
Ef
fect
of v
a
ryi
ng the
slot
widt
h
on t
he reso
na
nt freq
ue
ncies
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2088
-
8708
In
t J
Elec
&
C
om
p
En
g,
V
ol.
9
, N
o.
5
,
Oct
ober
201
9
:
3
6
5
7
-
3
6
6
3
3662
Figure
8. P
ho
t
ogra
ph
s
of t
he fab
ricat
ed
tree
fr
act
al
slotte
d f
il
te
rs
(a)
1
st
le
vel it
erati
on
(b) 2
nd
le
vel it
erati
on (
c
) 3
rd
le
vel it
erat
ion
5.
CONCL
US
I
O
N
Desig
n
an
d
de
velo
pm
ent
of
m
ic
ro
strip
m
ul
ti
-
stopban
d
filt
ers
base
d
on
tree
fr
act
al
slotted
res
on
at
or
are
prese
nted.
Du
al
st
opba
nd
and
tri
-
sto
pba
nd
filt
ers
ha
ve
good
re
j
ect
io
n
le
vels
at
the
stopba
nd
s
an
d
ha
ve
insertio
n
losse
s
le
ss
than
1
dB
.
Additi
on
al
l
y,
th
e
resonan
t
peak
s
of
the
s
topban
ds
ca
n
be
tun
ed
by
adjustin
g
the
le
ngth
or
width
of
the
s
lot.
F
ur
the
r
by
var
yi
ng
t
he
width
of
the
s
lot
ei
ther
in
horiz
on
ta
l
or
ve
rtic
al
directi
on,
t
he
resona
nce
of
f
irst
or
sec
ond
stopba
nd
can
be
tu
ne
d
in
di
viduall
y.
Muti
band
res
pons
e
s
are
gen
e
rated
by
increasin
g
t
he
tree
f
ractal
slott
ed
it
erati
ons
on
a
si
ng
le
square
patch
with
ou
t
a
dd
i
ng
an
y
add
it
io
nl
str
uct
ur
es
,
th
us
m
aking
t
he
filt
er
st
ru
ct
ur
e
sim
ple.
All
the
filt
er
desig
ns
a
re
sim
ple
in
structu
re
a
nd
narrow
band
.T
he
pro
posed
ba
nd
st
op
filt
ers
find
ap
plica
ti
on
in
re
m
ov
in
g
the
interfe
re
nce
s
of
GPS
(
1.57
GH
z
)
and
Wi
-
Ma
x
(
2.5
G
Hz
a
nd
3.5
G
Hz
)
sig
na
ls
from
oth
er
com
m
un
ic
at
i
on
syse
m
s
l
ike
W
i
-
Fi,
Zig
be
e
and
Bl
uetoo
t
h
wh
i
ch
a
re
use
d
in
hous
e
hold
a
pp
li
ances
an
d
ot
her
de
vices.
All
the
fi
lt
er
desi
gn
s
are
ve
rifie
d
f
r
o
m
the m
easur
em
e
nt and t
he resul
ts are in
go
od a
gr
eem
ent w
it
h t
he
sim
ulati
on
r
esults
.
REFERE
NCE
S
[1]
Jia
-
Sheng
Hong
and
M.
J.
La
nc
a
ster,
“
Microstri
p
fil
te
rs
for
RF
/Mic
rowave
appl
i
c
at
ions,
”
John
W
il
e
y
and
sons
,
Inc
,
2001.
[2]
Kishor
Kum
ar
Adhikar
i
and
N
am
Young
Kim,
“
A
m
ini
at
urize
d
quad
-
band
ba
ndstop
fil
ter
wit
h
high
select
iv
i
t
y
base
d
on
shunt
-
conne
c
te
d
,
T
-
sh
ape
d
stub
-
lo
aded,
steppe
d
-
impedanc
e
r
esona
tors
,
”
Mi
crowave
O
pti
cal
Te
chnol
o
gy
Lett
ers
,
vo
l. 57,
no.
5
,
pp
.
1129
-
1132,
201
5.
[3]
G
y
an
Ra
j
Koira
la
and
Nam
-
Young
Kim
,
“
Co
mpa
ct
and
tun
able
m
ic
rostrip
tri
-
band
bandstop
fil
te
r
in
cor
pora
ting
open
-
stubs loa
d
e
d
steppe
d
-
impedanc
e
-
r
esona
tor
,
”
Mic
rowav
e
Opt
i
cal
Te
chnol
ogy
Lett
ers
,
vo
l.
59,
no.
4
,
2017
.
[4]
Gorur
A
.
K
.
,
B
asm
ac
i
Fil
iz
A
N
.
,
Dogan
E
.
,
Karpuz
C
.
,
Gor
ur
A
.
,
“
Dual
-
m
ode
dua
l
-
band
m
ic
rostrip
band
stop
fil
ter
design
wi
th
inde
pend
entl
y
tun
abl
e
ce
n
ter
fre
quencie
s
,
”
Mic
rowave
Opti
cal
Technol
og
y
Lett
ers
,
vol
.
59
,
pp.
2542
–
2547
,
2017
.
[5]
G.
Murat
Er
y
ilm
az
,
El
i
f
Gunturkun,
Adnan
Gorur
and
Ce
y
hun
Karpuz
,
“
Micr
ostrip
bandstop
fil
ter
using
a
dual
-
m
ode
square
loo
p
resona
tor
,
”
Mi
crowave
Opt
ic
al
Technol
og
y
Le
tters
,
vol
.
51
,
no
.
1,
2009
.
[6]
Li
ang
Li
u
,
Rong
-
Hong
Jin,
Cheng
Zha
ng,
Jun
-
Ping
Geng
and
Xi
an
-
Li
ng
Liang,
“
A
novel
dual
-
ba
nd
bandstop
fil
ter
base
d
on
p
arall
e
l
stub
-
loa
d
ed
r
esona
tor
,
”
M
ic
row
ave
Opt
ic
al
Tec
hnology
Le
tt
ers
,
vol.
58
,
no
.
6
,
20
16.
[7]
Nurs
hamim
i
Ro
sli,
Siti
Am
ina
h
Md
Akhir,
Siti
Zura
id
ah
Ibra
h
im,
Nur
Ba
y
a
Mohd
Hashim
,
Nureha
nsa
fwan
ah
Khali
d,
“
Design
of
compac
t
m
ul
ti
-
m
ode
m
ic
rostr
ip
resona
tor
fi
l
ters
for
dual
-
band
appl
i
ca
t
ion
,
”
Ind
onesian
Journal
of
E
le
c
tric
al
En
gine
ering
and
C
omputer
Scienc
e
(
IJE
ECS)
, v
ol
.
13,
n
o
.
2
,
pp
.
69
6
-
701
,
Feb
2019
.
[8]
G.
R.
Koira
l
a
a
nd
N.
Y.
Kim
,
“
Multi
band
ban
dstop
fil
t
er
usin
g
an
I
-
stub
-
loa
d
ed
m
ea
nd
ere
d
d
efe
c
te
d
m
i
cro
st
r
i
p
struct
ure
,
”
Radio E
ngin
ee
ring
,
p
p.
61
–
66
,
2016
.
[9]
D.
H.
W
ern
er an
d
R.
Mi
tt
r
a, “
Frontie
rs
in
E
lectr
o
m
agne
ti
cs
,
”
Pi
sc
ataway
,
NJ
:
IE
E
E
Press
,
pp
.
48
-
81
,
2000
.
[10]
Feder
ic
o
Ca
ramani
c
a,
“
Microstrip
m
ult
istop
band
fil
te
r
b
ase
d
on
pre
fra
c
tal
spac
e
-
fil
li
ng
cur
ve
,
”
M
ic
rowave
Opti
c
a
l
Technol
ogy
Letters
,
vol
.
56
,
no
.
2,
Feb
2014
.
[11]
Xu
He
-
Xiu,
W
a
ng
Guang
-
Ming,
Yang
Z
i
-
Mu,
“
Dual
-
band
le
f
t
-
hande
d
m
etam
at
er
ia
ls
f
abr
icat
e
d
b
y
using
tr
ee
-
shape
d
fr
ac
t
al
,
”
Chin.
Phy
s.
B
,
v
ol.
21
,
no
.
12
,
20
12
.
[12]
J.
M.
Pati
n,
N.
R.
La
bad
ie
and
S.
K.
Sharm
a,
“
I
nvesti
gations
on
an
H
-
fra
ct
al
wi
deba
nd
m
ic
rostri
p
fil
te
r
with
m
ult
i
-
passbands a
nd
a tune
d
no
tc
h
ban
d
,
”
Progress
in El
e
ct
rom
agnet
i
c
s R
ese
arch
B
,
v
o
l.
22
,
pp
.
285
-
30
3,
2010
.
[13]
Jos
é
I.
A.T
rind
a
de,
Paulo
H
.
da
F
.
Silva
,
Anton
i
o
L.
P.
S.C
ampos
and
Ad
ai
ldo
G
.
D
As
sunçã
o,
“
Anal
y
s
is
of
sto
p
-
band
fre
quen
c
y
sele
c
ti
ve
surf
a
ce
s
with
düre
r’
s
pent
agon
pre
-
fra
ctals
patch
e
le
m
ent
s
,
”
I
EEE
Tr
ansacti
ons
on
Magne
tics
,
vo
l.
47,
no
.
5
,
Ma
y
2
011.
[14]
H.
S.
Ahm
ed,
A.
J.
Sali
m
and
J.
K.
Ali
,
“
A
Com
pac
t
dual
-
b
and
bandstop
f
i
lt
er
b
ase
d
on
fr
ac
t
al
m
ic
ro
-
str
i
p
resona
tors,
”
Pro
gress
in
Elec
tromagneti
cs
Re
sea
rch
Symposiu
m
,
PIERS
20
15,
Pra
gue,
C
zech
R
epu
bli
c
,
Jul
2015.
[15]
H.
S.
Ahm
ed,
A.
J.
Sali
m
and
J.
K.
Ali,
“
A
Co
mpa
ct
tr
ipl
e
band
BS
F
design
base
d
on
Minkows
ki
fra
ct
a
l
geomet
r
y
,
”
18th
IE
EE Me
di
t
erranean
Elec
trote
chn
ic
al
Confer
enc
e
,
MEL
EC
ON
2016,
L
imass
ol,
C
y
prus
,
201
6.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
In
t J
Elec
&
C
om
p
En
g
IS
S
N:
20
88
-
8708
Mi
crostrip
m
ulti
-
stopban
d
fi
lt
er
base
d on tre
e fractal sl
otted res
onat
or
(
M
an
j
u
B
haska
r
)
3663
[16]
H.
S.
Ahm
ed,
et
al
.
,
“
A
Frac
t
al
-
base
d
Dua
l
-
m
ode
Microstri
p
Bandstop
Filt
er
for
W
ire
le
ss
Applic
ations”
16th
Me
diteranean
M
ic
rowave
Sympo
sium (
MMS
)
,
IE
EE
,
2016
.
[17]
H.
S.
Ahm
ed,
J.
K.
Ali
and
A.
J.
Sali
m
,
“
Design
of
Frac
tal
-
Based
Bandstop
Filt
er
for
Mi
cr
owave
Rad
ia
t
i
on
Le
ak
age Re
duc
tion,”
Engi
n
ee
rin
g
and
Techno
log
y
Journal
,
vo
l. 3
5,
Part
A,
n
o.
1,
pp.
16
-
23
,
2017
.
[18]
Yaqe
en
S.
Mez
a
al
,
Hiba
H.
Saleh
and
H
uss
a
m
Al
-
sae
di,
“
New
Com
pac
t
Microstri
p
Filt
ers
Base
d
on
Quasi
Frac
tal
Resonat
or
,
”
Advance
d
El
e
ct
rom
a
gnet
i
cs
,
v
ol
.
7
,
n
o.
4
,
Sep
2018.
[19]
Benoi
t
B.
M
and
el
brot
,
The
fractal
geome
try
o
f
n
ature
,
New
York:
W
.
H.
Free
m
an
and
Com
pan
y
,
1983.
[20]
Nikoli
na
Jankov
ić
,
B
Vesna
Crn
oje
vi
ć
-
Bengi
n
,
“
Bal
anc
ed
b
and
pass
fil
te
r
b
ase
d
on
square
patch
Resonat
ors
,
”
12
th
Inte
rnational
Co
nfe
renc
e
on
Telecomm
unic
ati
on
i
n
Mode
rn
Sate
lli
te
,
C
abl
e
and
Broadc
ast
ing
Servi
ce
s
-
Nis,
Serbi
a
IEE
E
,
2015
.
BIOGR
AP
HI
ES OF
A
UTH
ORS
Manju
Bh
as
ka
r
was
born
on
Marc
h
6
th
,
1980
in
Kochi,
Kera
l
a.
She
recei
v
ed
her
bac
h
el
or
'
s
degr
ee
in
El
e
ct
r
onic
s
and
Com
m
unic
at
ion
Eng
i
nee
ring
in
2001
from
,
School
of
Engi
nee
r
ing,
Cochi
n
Univer
si
t
y
of
Scie
n
ce
an
d
Te
chnol
g
y
,
Ko
chi
,
Kera
la,
and
m
aste
r’s
degr
ee
in
El
e
ct
roni
cs
and
Com
m
unic
at
ion
with
spec
ializati
on
in
Opto
el
e
ct
roni
cs
and
Optic
a
l
comm
u
nic
a
ti
on
from
Depa
rtment
of
Optoel
e
ct
roni
cs,
Kera
la
Univer
si
t
y
in
2008
.
She
worked
as
fac
ulty
and
He
ad
of
the
Depa
rtmen
t
of
El
ectroni
cs
and
Comm
unic
at
i
on,
KM
EA
Engi
nee
rin
g
Col
le
ge
,
Kochi,
Indi
a
from
2002
to
20
18.
She
is
a
fac
ulty
of
MG
M
C
oll
eg
e
of
Engi
ne
eri
ng
and
Techn
olog
y
,
Kochi,
India
and
is
pu
rsuing
her
r
ese
arc
h
in
Microw
ave
El
e
ct
roni
cs
at
Schoo
l
of
Te
chno
log
y
&
Applie
d
Scie
n
ces
,
Maha
tma
Gan
dhi
Univer
isit
y
Regi
onal
C
en
ter,
Eda
ppall
y
,
Koc
hi.
Her
cur
r
ent
are
as
of
r
ese
a
rch
includes
RF
/microwave
fil
ters
for
wire
le
ss
and
t
el
e
comm
unic
at
ion
appl
i
ca
t
ions.
Te
l: (+
91)
9495
232324
Email
:
sudhee
sh
m
anj
u@gm
ai
l.
c
om
Th
omaskutty
Mat
he
w
w
as
born
in
Ker
al
a
,
I
ndia
on
30
th
M
a
y
1967.
He
r
e
c
ei
ved
h
is
Ph.D
Degre
e
in
Mi
cro
wave
E
lectr
oni
c
s
from
Cochi
n
Univer
sit
y
of
Sc
ie
nc
e
and
T
ec
hn
olog
y
Cochi
n
,
India
in
1997.
From
1995
to
1999
he
worke
d
as
a
Lectu
r
er
in
Ph
y
s
ic
s
at
Christ
Coll
ege,
Irinj
a
la
kuda
,
In
dia
.
Since
1999
,
he
is
working
as
fa
cul
t
y
of
t
h
e
Depa
r
tment
of
El
e
ct
ron
ic
s,
School
of
Te
ch
nolog
y
&
Appl
ie
d
Scie
nc
es,
Maha
tma
Gandhi
Univer
sit
y
R
egi
ona
l
Cent
er
,
Eda
ppa
lly
,
Ko
ch
i,
Indi
a
and
pr
ese
ntly
working
as
Rea
der
in
th
e
Depa
rtment
.
Duri
ng
the
per
iod
2006
-
2008,
he
worked
as
a
Pos
t
Doctor
al
R
ese
arc
h
A
ss
ociate
at
Depa
rtment
of
El
e
ct
roni
cs
,
Univer
sit
y
of
K
ent
,
Canterbur
y
,
U.K.
His
cur
r
e
nt
area
of
rese
a
rch
a
ct
iv
it
es
are
in
Microstr
ip
ant
enn
as,
Rad
ar
Cross
Sect
ion,
R
FID
,
W
ire
le
ss
Sensor
Networks
et
c
.
He
is
a
m
e
m
ber
of
IEEE
Antenna
s a
nd
pr
opaga
t
ion
soci
ety
and
I
ET (U.
K)
.
Te
l: (+
91)
9048
1
08856
E
-
m
ai
l: drt
km
athew@gm
ai
l.
co
m
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.