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I
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2088
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8708
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h
er
e
[
7
]
.
I
t
w
as
f
o
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n
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th
at
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te
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it
y
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cr
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in
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ap
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te
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w
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m
a
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t
u
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ies
[
8
]
-
[
9
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.
Ag
ei
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m
p
er
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also
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f
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en
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w
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ig
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(
3
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[
7
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.
Ho
w
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v
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m
ited
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s
w
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cted
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1
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u
b
j
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ted
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ap
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lied
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r
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m
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An
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1
2
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2.
RE
S
E
ARCH
M
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L
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to
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m
s
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w
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2
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ield
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u
r
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1
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s
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w
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1
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tio
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P
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lt
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ch
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(
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MC
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m
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co
n
n
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to
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v
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p
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ase
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p
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ap
p
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Fig
u
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1
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p
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3.
RE
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F
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ase
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(
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I
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Un
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Un
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a
h
a
n
g
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la
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in
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.
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o
b
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d
h
is
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g
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n
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n
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in
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tri
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a
l
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o
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ro
m
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k
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g
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M
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la
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sia
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M
),
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h
o
r
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h
ru
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M
a
lay
s
ia.
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a
lso
re
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e
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d
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h
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n
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ro
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ra
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M
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h
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g
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lay
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in
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8
1
.
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h
e
o
b
tain
e
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h
is
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l
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a
in
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tri
c
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l
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g
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m
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g
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n
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l
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g
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T
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in
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rm
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ti
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ro
m
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M
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R
A
(UiT
M
)
M
a
lay
sia
.
S
h
e
a
lso
re
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d
a
P
h
D
f
ro
m
UT
M
in
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e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
.
(2
0
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5
).
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h
e
c
u
rre
n
t
ly
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se
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tu
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g
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M
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T
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la
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m
p
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in
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n
d
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d
v
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n
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n
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g
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e
r
c
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n
t
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a
r
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h
in
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ry
,
Ch
a
n
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l
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n
d
p
ro
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g
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ti
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h
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rif
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h
w
a
s
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rn
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tu
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h
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t,
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lay
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e
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h
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lo
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ti
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ro
m
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n
t
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,
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e
terb
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ro
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h
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Ca
n
a
d
a
in
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8
7
a
n
d
M
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c
.
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M
a
th
e
m
a
ti
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s)
f
ro
m
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e
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T
e
k
n
o
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g
i
M
a
lay
sia
(UT
M
),
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h
o
r
Ba
h
ru
,
M
a
lay
s
ia
in
2
0
0
4
.
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h
e
th
e
n
re
c
e
iv
e
d
h
e
r
P
h
D
in
2
0
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3
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ro
m
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a
la
y
sia
(UK
M
)
,
Ba
n
g
i,
S
e
lan
g
o
r,
M
a
lay
sia
.
Cu
rre
n
tl
y
sh
e
is
a
s
e
n
io
r
lec
tu
re
r
in
Un
iv
e
rsiti
T
e
k
n
o
lo
g
i
M
a
la
y
si
a
,
Ku
a
la
L
u
m
p
u
r.
He
r
c
u
rre
n
t
re
se
a
rc
h
in
tere
sts in
c
lu
d
in
g
a
p
p
li
e
d
m
a
th
e
m
a
ti
c
s an
d
b
i
o
m
e
c
h
a
n
ic
s.
Dr
F
ird
a
u
s
M
u
h
a
m
m
a
d
-
S
u
k
k
i
re
c
e
i
v
e
d
h
is
M
En
g
d
e
g
re
e
in
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e
c
tri
c
a
l
a
n
d
El
e
c
tro
n
ic
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
f
ro
m
I
m
p
e
rial
Co
ll
e
g
e
,
L
o
n
d
o
n
in
2
0
0
6
u
n
d
e
r
t
h
e
Ya
y
a
sa
n
T
M
sc
h
o
lars
h
ip
.
I
n
2
0
0
9
,
h
e
re
c
e
iv
e
d
stu
d
e
n
tsh
i
p
a
w
a
rd
s
f
ro
m
G
las
g
o
w
Ca
led
o
n
ian
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
(
G
CU),
S
c
o
tt
ish
F
u
n
d
in
g
Co
u
n
c
il
(S
F
C)
a
n
d
Y
a
y
a
s
a
n
T
M
to
p
u
rsu
e
h
is
p
o
st
g
ra
d
u
a
te
stu
d
y
in
G
las
g
o
w
C
a
led
o
n
ian
Un
iv
e
rsity
f
ro
m
w
h
ich
h
e
o
b
tai
n
e
d
h
is
P
h
D
i
n
2
0
1
3
.
H
is
re
se
a
rc
h
in
tere
st
is
in
so
lar
e
n
e
rg
y
,
p
a
rti
c
u
larl
y
in
ter
m
s
o
f
d
e
sig
n
in
g
o
p
ti
c
a
l
so
lar
c
o
n
c
e
n
tra
to
rs
to
c
re
a
te
a
lo
w
c
o
st
so
lar
p
h
o
to
v
o
lt
a
ic
sy
ste
m
a
n
d
re
n
e
wa
b
le
e
n
e
rg
y
p
o
li
c
ies
.
He
h
a
s
a
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
p
a
p
e
rs
in
h
ig
h
im
p
a
c
t
f
a
c
to
r
jo
u
rn
a
ls,
a
s
w
e
ll
a
s
p
re
se
n
ti
n
g
i
n
a
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
c
o
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
s
re
late
d
to
h
is
a
re
a
.
P
ri
o
r
to
jo
in
i
n
g
th
e
a
c
a
d
e
m
ia,
h
e
wa
s a c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
e
n
g
in
e
e
r
in
M
a
lay
si
a
’s l
a
rg
e
st
tele
c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
c
o
m
p
a
n
y
.
He
w
a
s
in
c
h
a
rg
e
o
f
th
e
lea
se
d
li
n
e
se
r
v
e
rs
f
o
r
M
a
la
y
si
a
’s
n
e
t
w
o
rk
a
n
d
wa
s
in
v
o
lv
e
d
in
m
a
jo
r
p
ro
jec
ts
re
late
d
t
o
t
h
e
tel
e
c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
w
h
il
e
h
o
l
d
in
g
t
h
e
p
o
st.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
E
C
E
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8708
F
r
eq
u
en
cy
Dep
en
d
a
n
ce
o
f E
le
ctro
lu
min
escen
ce
Mea
s
u
r
eme
n
t in
LDPE
(
N
u
r
u
l A
in
i B
a
n
i)
1413
Dr
A
b
d
u
ll
a
h
i
A
b
u
b
a
k
a
r
M
a
s’u
d
w
a
s
b
o
rn
in
Ka
n
o
,
Nig
e
ria
in
1
9
7
5
.
He
re
c
e
iv
e
d
h
is
BEn
g
(Ho
n
s)
d
e
g
re
e
in
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e
c
tri
c
a
l
E
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
in
1
9
9
9
a
n
d
h
is
M
sc
i
n
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
in
2
0
0
6
,
b
o
th
f
ro
m
A
h
m
a
d
u
Be
ll
o
Un
iv
e
rsity
,
Zaria
,
Nig
e
ria.
He
a
lso
re
c
e
iv
e
d
a
P
h
D
in
Hig
h
v
o
lt
a
g
e
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
in
2
0
1
3
f
ro
m
th
e
G
las
g
o
w Ca
led
o
n
ian
Un
iv
e
rsity
,
S
c
o
tl
a
n
d
,
UK
.
In
2
0
0
2
h
e
b
e
c
a
m
e
a
n
a
ss
istan
t
lec
tu
re
r
in
th
e
F
a
c
u
lt
y
o
f
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
a
t
t
h
e
A
h
m
a
d
u
Be
ll
o
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
,
Zaria
,
Nig
e
ria.
In
2
0
1
3
h
e
j
o
in
e
d
Ju
b
a
i
l
In
d
u
strial
C
o
ll
e
g
e
,
S
a
u
d
i
A
ra
b
ia,
a
n
d
is
c
u
rre
n
tl
y
a
n
A
s
sista
n
t
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ro
f
e
ss
o
r
in
th
e
De
p
a
rtm
e
n
t
o
f
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e
c
tri
c
a
l
a
n
d
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e
c
tro
n
ic
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
.
He
h
a
s
m
o
re
th
a
n
1
0
y
e
a
rs
o
f
tea
c
h
in
g
e
x
p
e
ri
e
n
c
e
.
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re
se
a
rc
h
in
tere
sts
li
e
i
n
th
e
f
ield
s
o
f
c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
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s
y
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m
s,
re
n
e
w
a
b
le
e
n
e
rg
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,
h
ig
h
v
o
lt
a
g
e
p
a
rti
a
l
d
isc
h
a
rg
e
a
n
d
n
a
n
o
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
.
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h
a
s
p
u
b
li
sh
e
d
n
u
m
e
ro
u
s
re
se
a
rc
h
p
a
p
e
rs
in
i
n
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
c
o
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
s
a
n
d
jo
u
rn
a
ls
.
Dr
A
b
d
u
ll
a
h
i
A
M
a
s’u
d
is
a
M
e
m
b
e
r
o
f
th
e
IET
a
n
d
a
re
g
ister
e
d
En
g
in
e
e
r
(COREN)
Nig
e
ria.
Dr
S
it
i
Ha
w
a
A
b
u
-
Ba
k
a
r
o
b
tain
e
d
h
e
r
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g
i
n
I
n
f
o
rm
a
ti
o
n
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y
ste
m
s
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
f
ro
m
I
m
p
e
rial
Co
ll
e
g
e
,
L
o
n
d
o
n
i
n
2
0
0
6
u
n
d
e
r
th
e
M
A
R
A sc
h
o
lars
h
ip
.
In
2
0
0
7
,
sh
e
jo
in
e
d
P
r
o
k
h
a
s S
d
n
.
Bh
d
.
,
a
w
h
o
ll
y
-
o
w
n
e
d
c
o
m
p
a
n
y
u
n
d
e
r
th
e
M
in
istry
o
f
F
in
a
n
c
e
M
a
la
y
sia
a
s
th
e
Ex
e
c
u
ti
v
e
T
ra
in
e
e
.
F
ro
m
2
0
0
8
o
n
w
a
rd
s,
sh
e
b
e
c
o
m
e
s
a
u
n
it
tru
st
c
o
n
s
u
lt
a
n
t
f
o
r
P
u
b
l
ic
M
u
tu
a
l
Bh
d
.
In
2
0
1
1
,
sh
e
wa
s
a
wa
rd
e
d
stu
d
e
n
ts
h
ip
s
f
ro
m
G
CU
a
n
d
S
c
o
tl
a
n
d
'
s
En
e
rg
y
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
P
a
rtn
e
rsh
i
p
(ET
P
)
to
p
u
rsu
e
h
e
r
p
o
st
g
ra
d
u
a
te
stu
d
y
in
so
lar
t
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
f
ro
m
w
h
ich
sh
e
o
b
tai
n
e
d
h
e
r
P
h
D
in
2
0
1
6
.
Dr
A
b
u
-
Ba
k
a
r
i
s
a
n
a
ss
o
c
iate
o
f
th
e
Cit
y
a
n
d
G
u
il
d
s,
L
o
n
d
o
n
(A
CG
I).
H
e
r
in
tere
sts
in
c
lu
d
e
so
lar
P
V
,
so
lar t
h
e
rm
a
l,
f
in
a
n
c
ial
p
lan
n
i
n
g
a
n
d
i
n
v
e
st
m
e
n
t
a
n
a
ly
sis.
Dr
Jo
rg
e
A
l
f
re
d
o
A
rd
il
a
Re
y
wa
s
b
o
r
n
i
n
S
a
n
tan
d
e
r,
C
o
l
o
m
b
ia,
in
1
9
8
4
.
He
re
c
e
iv
e
d
th
e
B.
S
c
.
d
e
g
re
e
in
m
e
c
h
a
tro
n
ic en
g
in
e
e
rin
g
f
ro
m
Un
iv
e
r
sid
a
d
d
e
P
a
m
p
lo
n
a
,
P
a
m
p
lo
n
a
Co
lo
m
b
ia i
n
2
0
0
7
.
He
re
c
e
i
v
e
d
th
e
S
p
e
c
ialist
Off
i
c
e
r
d
e
g
re
e
in
Na
v
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
f
r
o
m
Esc
u
e
la
Na
v
a
l
A
l
m
iran
te
P
a
d
il
la,
Ca
rtag
e
n
a
,
Co
lo
m
b
ia
in
2
0
0
8
.
He
re
c
e
iv
e
d
th
e
M
.
S
c
.
a
n
d
P
h
.
D.
d
e
g
re
e
s
in
e
lec
tri
c
a
l
e
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
f
ro
m
Un
iv
e
rsid
a
d
Ca
rlo
s
III
d
e
M
a
d
rid
(UC3
M
)
i
n
2
0
1
2
a
n
d
2
0
1
4
,
re
sp
e
c
ti
v
e
ly
.
He
w
a
s
a
n
A
u
to
m
a
ti
c
Co
n
tro
l
E
n
g
in
e
e
r
o
f
A
RC
A
l
m
ir
a
n
te
P
a
d
il
la
f
ro
m
2
0
0
8
to
2
0
1
0
.
F
r
o
m
2
0
1
0
t
o
2
0
1
4
,
h
e
w
o
rk
e
d
in
th
e
De
p
a
rtme
n
t
o
f
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
th
e
Hig
h
-
V
o
lt
a
g
e
Re
se
a
rc
h
a
n
d
tes
t
L
a
b
o
ra
to
ry
(L
INE
ALT)
a
t
UC3
M
.
He
is
c
u
rre
n
t
ly
wo
rk
in
g
a
s
a
P
r
o
f
e
ss
o
r
a
t
th
e
De
p
a
rtme
n
t
o
f
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e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
o
f
Un
iv
e
rsid
a
d
T
é
c
n
ica
F
e
d
e
rico
S
a
n
ta
M
a
ría
a
t
S
a
n
ti
a
g
o
o
f
Ch
il
e
.
His
re
se
a
r
c
h
in
tere
sts
in
c
lu
d
e
p
a
rti
a
l
d
isc
h
a
rg
e
s,
in
su
latio
n
sy
ste
m
s
d
iag
n
o
sis
a
n
d
in
stru
m
e
n
tatio
n
a
n
d
m
e
a
su
re
m
e
n
t
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
s f
o
r
h
ig
h
f
re
q
u
e
n
c
y
c
u
rre
n
ts.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.