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Re
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a
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g
a
p
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tri
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v
e
h
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s,
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d
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w
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t
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f
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tro
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re
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h
e
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f
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,
th
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v
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h
icle
to
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rid
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G
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a
p
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c
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t
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le
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ro
p
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se
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n
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th
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e
d
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s
p
a
rk
in
g
a
re
a
s,
w
h
ich
th
e
p
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rk
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a
re
a
s
c
a
n
b
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im
p
li
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d
a
s
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o
p
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ra
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ro
m
th
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t,
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ra
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c
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c
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p
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a
.
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n
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in
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m
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lt
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to
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t
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e
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d
a
p
tatio
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n
a
v
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c
a
p
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m
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f
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ti
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ter.
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ti
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iera
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ti
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stig
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ted
a
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d
d
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d
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s
:
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d
ap
tiv
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d
r
o
o
p
co
n
tr
o
l
Fre
q
u
en
c
y
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eg
u
latio
n
Hier
ar
ch
ical
co
n
tr
o
l
Veh
icle
to
g
r
id
T
h
is i
s
a
n
o
p
e
n
a
c
c
e
ss
a
rticle
u
n
d
e
r th
e
CC B
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-
SA
li
c
e
n
se
.
C
o
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r
e
s
p
o
nd
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A
uth
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r
:
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ar
am
et
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asa
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ti
Dep
ar
t
m
en
t o
f
E
lectr
ical
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n
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in
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C
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ia
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g
Ma
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n
iv
er
s
it
y
2
3
9
Hu
ay
-
Kae
w
R
o
ad
,
Su
t
h
ep
,
Mu
an
g
,
C
h
ia
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Ma
i,
5
0
2
0
0
,
T
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m
ail:
p
ar
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m
et.
w
@
c
m
u
.
ac
.
t
h
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
R
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en
t
l
y
,
th
e
elec
tr
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v
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h
icles
(
E
Vs)
ar
e
ta
k
i
n
g
m
o
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m
ar
k
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t
s
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n
a
li
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h
t
-
v
eh
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tr
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p
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.
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t
h
as
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f
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t
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a
t
th
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h
ig
h
ca
p
ac
it
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E
V
b
atter
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ha
s
a
p
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ten
tial
to
p
ar
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ate
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d
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
o
p
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n
[
1
]
,
b
ec
au
s
e
m
o
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t o
f
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v
eh
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u
s
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f
f
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o
u
r
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r
h
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m
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p
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[
2
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.
T
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a
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lead
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e
w
id
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d
is
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s
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T
h
e
au
th
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r
s
in
[
3
]
-
[
7
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h
a
v
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tr
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ce
d
th
a
t
t
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p
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ticip
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t
h
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f
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llo
w
in
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i.e
.
s
y
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te
m
r
eg
u
lat
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,
p
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k
s
h
a
v
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n
g
,
r
ea
ctiv
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p
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w
er
co
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p
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s
atio
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,
a
n
d
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en
e
w
ab
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n
er
g
y
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u
p
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Fo
r
m
t
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w
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t
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p
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a
co
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v
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m
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d
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co
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v
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tio
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al
f
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eq
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en
c
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g
u
latio
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s
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T
en
g
a
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a
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[
8
]
a
n
d
M
u
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a
l.
[
9
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h
as
f
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a
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th
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o
f
b
atter
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s
tate
o
f
c
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.
Su
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l.
[
1
0
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an
d
Falah
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t
a
l.
[
1
1
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in
tr
o
d
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d
v
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co
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Vs
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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8
8
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8708
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
11
,
No
.
6
,
Dec
em
b
er
2
0
2
1
:
4
5
9
7
-
4
6
0
9
4598
Ke
m
p
to
n
[
1
2
]
h
as
an
al
y
ze
d
th
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ec
o
n
o
m
ic
o
f
t
h
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w
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id
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ag
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elo
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[
1
3
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i
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1
4
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h
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ar
ea
s
,
w
h
ic
h
o
n
e
ar
ea
is
eq
u
ip
p
ed
w
it
h
t
h
e
V2
G.
Ho
w
ev
er
,
t
h
e
E
Vs
ar
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
as
ag
g
r
eg
ated
m
o
d
el.
I
n
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
w
a
y
,
L
iu
et
a
l.
[
1
5
]
u
tili
ze
d
t
w
o
i
n
ter
co
n
n
ec
ted
ar
ea
s
f
o
r
t
h
e
s
t
u
d
y
.
T
h
e
s
to
c
h
ast
ics
b
eh
a
v
io
r
is
i
n
cl
u
d
ed
in
t
h
is
s
tu
d
y
.
T
h
e
id
ea
o
f
d
ec
en
tr
alize
d
m
o
d
el
o
f
E
Vs
m
o
d
el
in
th
e
ter
m
o
f
p
ar
k
i
n
g
ar
ea
is
i
n
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
in
[
1
6
]
an
d
[
1
7
]
.
T
h
e
p
o
ten
tial
ca
p
ac
it
y
o
f
ea
ch
p
ar
k
i
n
g
ar
ea
is
an
al
y
ze
d
.
T
h
e
d
ec
en
tr
alize
d
V2
G
s
y
s
te
m
is
also
p
r
esen
ted
in
[
1
8
]
.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
f
o
cu
s
ed
o
n
t
h
e
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
s
h
ar
in
g
b
et
w
ee
n
E
V
s
ta
tio
n
s
i
n
o
r
d
er
to
d
esig
n
p
o
w
er
s
h
ar
in
g
.
T
h
is
r
esear
ch
w
o
r
k
is
s
t
u
d
ied
b
ased
o
n
a
s
in
g
le
AC
E
.
B
ea
r
in
g
in
m
i
n
d
th
at
t
h
e
co
n
n
ec
ted
lo
ca
tio
n
o
f
E
Vs
i
s
s
p
r
ea
d
o
u
t
in
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
g
r
id
.
T
h
u
s
,
th
i
s
ar
ticle
is
p
o
i
n
ted
o
u
t
th
at
th
e
E
Vs
m
o
d
el
ca
n
n
o
t b
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
as
a
s
in
g
le
a
g
g
r
eg
ated
m
o
d
el
.
Fu
r
t
h
er
m
o
r
e,
t
h
e
co
n
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
w
it
h
t
h
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
co
n
tr
o
l
ar
ch
itect
u
r
e
o
n
T
SO
lev
el
h
as
to
b
e
tak
e
n
i
n
to
ac
co
u
n
t.
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
s
h
o
w
s
a
n
o
v
er
v
ie
w
o
f
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
ar
ch
itectu
r
e.
T
h
e
co
m
p
lete
c
o
n
tr
o
l
ar
ea
co
n
s
is
t
s
o
f
t
h
r
ee
le
v
els
[
1
9
]
.
T
h
e
u
n
it
lev
el
i
s
a
g
e
n
er
atio
n
u
n
it,
w
h
i
ch
p
r
i
m
ar
y
co
n
tr
o
l
(
P
C
)
is
eq
u
ip
p
ed
in
ev
er
y
g
en
er
atio
n
u
n
it.
T
h
e
h
ig
h
er
le
v
el
is
lo
ca
l
lev
el,
t
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
c
o
n
tr
o
l
(
SC
)
is
lo
ca
ted
in
t
h
i
s
l
ev
el.
T
h
e
h
i
g
h
e
s
t
lev
e
l
is
t
h
e
s
u
p
er
v
i
s
o
r
y
le
v
el
o
r
ter
tiar
y
co
n
tr
o
l
lev
el
(
T
C
)
.
T
h
e
r
ef
e
r
en
ce
s
i
g
n
al
i
s
s
e
n
t
f
r
o
m
th
e
h
i
g
h
e
s
t
le
v
el
to
lo
w
er
lev
el.
W
h
en
th
e
V2
G
ap
p
licatio
n
en
ter
s
i
n
th
e
h
ier
ar
ch
ical
co
n
tr
o
l a
r
ch
itectu
r
e,
it i
s
lo
ca
ted
at
th
e
u
n
i
t le
v
el
in
d
i
s
tr
ib
u
tio
n
n
et
w
o
r
k
.
T
o
eq
u
ip
w
it
h
t
h
e
p
o
w
er
g
r
i
d
,
th
er
e
m
u
s
t
e
x
is
t
a
co
u
p
li
n
g
f
ac
to
r
s
i
m
ilar
to
P
C
.
I
n
th
e
ca
s
e
o
f
E
Vs,
th
e
co
u
p
lin
g
f
ac
to
r
n
ee
d
s
to
b
e
d
r
iv
en
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
g
r
id
s
id
e
b
y
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
.
R
eg
ar
d
in
g
t
h
e
co
u
p
lin
g
f
ac
to
r
,
a
d
r
o
o
p
f
ac
to
r
is
g
en
er
all
y
u
s
ed
,
an
d
it h
a
s
to
b
e
a
f
u
n
ctio
n
o
f
So
C
.
I
n
cu
r
r
en
t
r
esear
c
h
es,
i
t
f
o
u
n
d
th
at
th
er
e
ar
e
t
w
o
co
n
tr
o
l
s
tr
ate
g
ies,
i.e
.
t
h
e
s
ec
tio
n
a
l
co
n
tr
o
l
cu
r
v
e
a
n
d
t
h
e
li
n
ea
r
co
n
tr
o
l
cu
r
v
e.
Fo
r
th
e
s
ec
tio
n
al
co
n
tr
o
l
c
u
r
v
e,
[
2
0
]
p
r
esen
ted
t
w
o
d
if
f
er
en
ce
d
r
o
o
p
f
ac
to
r
s
f
o
r
ch
ar
g
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
an
d
d
is
ch
ar
g
i
n
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
Z
h
u
et
a
l.
[
2
1
]
h
as
d
iv
id
ed
m
o
r
e
s
ec
tio
n
b
ased
o
n
th
e
id
ea
o
f
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
f
le
x
ib
ilit
y
.
I
t
h
as
b
ee
n
s
h
o
w
n
th
a
t
th
e
s
ec
tio
n
al
co
n
tr
o
l
cu
r
v
e
s
a
tis
f
ied
th
e
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
t
u
n
d
er
d
if
f
er
en
t
cir
cu
m
s
ta
n
ce
s
,
w
h
e
n
th
e
E
V
s
is
co
n
ce
r
n
ed
as
ag
g
r
eg
ated
m
o
d
el.
Fo
r
th
e
lin
ea
r
co
n
tr
o
l
cu
r
v
e,
th
e
k
e
y
ele
m
e
n
t
in
th
i
s
s
tr
ate
g
y
i
s
th
e
r
eg
u
latio
n
-
o
r
m
u
ltip
le
f
ac
to
r
th
at
i
s
u
ti
lized
f
o
r
th
e
ad
ap
tatio
n
b
ased
o
n
So
C
.
L
i
u
et
a
l.
[
2
2
]
u
s
ed
a
p
ar
ab
o
la
f
u
n
c
tio
n
to
d
ef
in
e
th
e
r
elatio
n
b
et
w
ee
n
d
r
o
o
p
f
ac
to
r
an
d
So
C
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
th
e
li
n
ea
r
co
n
tr
o
l
cu
r
v
e
ca
n
b
e
a
co
n
s
tan
t
f
ac
to
r
as
in
[
2
3
]
an
d
[
2
4
]
.
B
o
th
r
esear
ch
es
h
a
v
e
u
s
ed
it
in
a
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
w
it
h
a
s
ch
ed
u
led
c
h
ar
g
i
n
g
p
o
w
er
as
an
ad
d
itio
n
al
e
n
er
g
y
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
en
t.
T
o
c
o
n
clu
d
e,
th
e
s
ec
t
i
o
n
al
co
n
tr
o
l
cu
r
v
e
h
as
a
n
ad
v
a
n
ta
g
e
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
f
le
x
ib
ilit
y
.
On
th
e
o
t
h
er
h
a
n
d
,
th
e
d
r
o
o
p
ad
a
p
tatio
n
o
f
t
h
e
l
in
ea
r
co
n
tr
o
l
cu
r
v
e
is
s
i
m
p
l
y
ad
j
u
s
ted
b
y
d
ef
in
in
g
th
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
o
f
m
u
ltip
le
f
ac
to
r
b
ased
o
n
So
C
.
No
te
th
at
th
e
s
t
u
d
ies
o
f
d
r
o
o
p
f
ac
to
r
o
f
V2
G
ap
p
licatio
n
ar
e
m
o
s
tl
y
ag
g
r
eg
a
ted
E
Vs
m
o
d
el
s
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Hier
ar
ch
ical
co
n
tr
o
l a
r
ch
itect
u
r
e
w
i
th
m
u
ltip
le
-
ar
e
a
s
o
f
V2
G
U
n
i
t
L
e
v
e
l
(
T
S
O
)
U
n
i
t
L
e
v
e
l
(
D
S
O
)
PC
PC
PC
V
2
G
b
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d
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PAs
SC
TC
L
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p
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M
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ch
itect
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e
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
,
th
is
p
ap
er
is
p
o
in
ted
o
u
t
t
h
at
th
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d
r
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o
p
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h
ar
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h
a
s
to
b
e
in
d
ep
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m
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h
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T
h
u
s
,
t
h
e
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
s
etti
n
g
co
n
ce
p
t
o
f
d
r
o
o
p
f
ac
to
r
is
tak
en
in
to
ac
co
u
n
t,
w
h
ich
t
h
e
s
etti
n
g
i
s
d
ep
en
d
ed
o
n
th
e
s
izin
g
o
f
p
o
w
er
p
lan
t
[
2
5
]
.
L
ar
g
er
p
la
n
t
ca
p
ac
it
y
h
as
to
b
e
r
esp
o
n
s
e
m
o
r
e
t
h
an
s
m
a
ller
p
lan
t.
On
th
e
s
a
m
e
h
a
n
d
,
th
is
ca
n
b
e
i
m
p
lied
f
o
r
th
e
V2
G
ap
p
licatio
n
r
elate
d
to
p
ar
k
in
g
ar
ea
.
B
y
th
i
s
co
n
ce
p
t,
th
e
p
o
w
er
s
h
ar
in
g
b
et
w
ee
n
p
ar
k
in
g
ar
ea
s
is
w
o
r
th
y
f
o
r
th
e
i
n
v
esti
g
atio
n
.
T
h
e
ad
ap
tatio
n
o
f
d
r
o
o
p
f
ac
to
r
is
clea
r
l
y
b
ased
o
n
b
atter
y
So
C
.
T
h
e
p
r
ac
tical
ch
ar
g
in
g
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
u
s
ed
to
d
ef
in
e
t
h
e
ch
ar
ac
ter
o
f
m
u
l
t
i
p
l
e
f
a
c
t
o
r
,
t
h
a
t
t
h
e
r
e
i
s
a
c
o
n
s
t
a
n
t
p
o
w
e
r
p
e
r
i
o
d
a
n
d
s
l
o
w
ly
d
e
c
r
e
a
s
i
n
g
p
o
w
e
r
p
e
r
i
o
d
.
I
n
a
d
d
i
t
i
o
n
,
t
h
e
d
e
a
d
b
a
n
d
a
n
d
t
h
e
r
e
l
a
y
f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n
a
r
e
i
m
p
l
e
m
e
n
t
e
d
i
n
V
2
G
d
r
o
o
p
f
a
c
t
o
r
i
n
o
r
d
e
r
t
o
a
s
s
i
g
n
t
h
e
s
t
o
p
o
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
b
a
n
d
a
n
d
p
r
o
t
e
c
t
t
h
e
o
s
c
i
l
l
a
t
i
o
n
a
t
t
h
e
tr
an
s
itio
n
p
o
in
t,
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
T
o
s
u
m
m
ar
ize,
t
h
e
m
ai
n
co
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
t
h
i
s
w
o
r
k
ar
e
as f
o
ll
o
w
:
T
h
e
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tr
u
ctu
r
e
o
f
m
u
ltip
le
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ar
ea
s
o
f
V2
G
ap
p
licatio
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in
h
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ar
ch
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co
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tr
o
l a
r
ch
itec
tu
r
e
T
h
e
co
m
p
lete
ex
a
m
i
n
atio
n
o
f
th
e
V2
G
e
f
f
ec
t
o
n
t
h
e
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
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eg
u
latio
n
,
i.e
.
p
r
im
ar
y
co
n
tr
o
l
an
d
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
co
n
tr
o
l
T
h
e
p
o
w
er
s
h
ar
in
g
i
n
clu
d
i
n
g
t
h
e
m
o
d
elli
n
g
o
f
av
ai
lab
le
ca
p
ac
it
y
o
f
ea
c
h
p
ar
k
in
g
ar
ea
T
h
e
p
a
p
er
is
o
r
g
an
ized
as
f
o
llo
w
:
s
ec
tio
n
2
p
r
o
v
id
es
th
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
o
f
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
h
ier
ar
ch
ical
co
n
tr
o
l
an
d
t
h
e
V2
G
co
n
tr
o
l
i
n
t
h
e
p
ar
t
o
f
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
r
eg
u
lat
io
n
.
Sectio
n
3
ex
p
lai
n
s
t
h
e
V2
G
o
p
er
atio
n
an
d
it
s
m
at
h
e
m
a
tic
d
escr
ip
tio
n
.
Secti
o
n
4
p
r
o
p
o
s
es
th
e
s
to
ch
as
tic
o
f
p
ar
k
i
n
g
ar
ea
m
o
d
el
a
n
d
th
e
ca
lc
u
latio
n
o
f
esti
m
ated
av
ailab
le
ca
p
ac
it
y
.
Sectio
n
5
p
r
esen
ts
t
h
e
i
m
p
l
e
m
e
n
t
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
d
m
o
d
e
l
i
n
D
I
g
S
I
L
E
N
T
P
o
w
e
r
F
a
c
t
o
r
y
p
r
o
g
r
am
a
n
d
t
h
e
v
a
l
i
d
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
s
y
s
t
e
m
f
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
r
e
s
p
o
n
s
e
.
S
e
c
t
i
o
n
6
p
r
e
s
e
n
t
s
t
w
o
c
a
s
e
s
t
u
d
i
e
s
,
s
t
e
p
r
e
s
p
o
n
s
e
t
e
s
t
a
n
d
c
o
n
t
i
n
u
o
u
s
t
e
s
t
.
T
h
e
s
i
m
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
r
e
s
u
l
t
s
a
r
e
d
i
s
c
u
s
s
e
d
.
L
a
s
t
l
y
,
t
h
e
c
o
n
c
l
u
s
i
o
n
s
ar
e
d
r
aw
n
.
2.
H
I
E
RAR
CH
I
CA
L
CO
NT
R
O
L
SCH
E
M
AT
I
C
W
I
T
H
V
2
G
F
UNCT
I
O
N
Un
d
er
s
ta
n
d
in
g
t
h
e
V2
G
f
o
r
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
r
eg
u
latio
n
s
er
v
ice,
t
h
e
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
h
ier
ar
c
h
ical
c
o
n
tr
o
l
an
d
th
e
co
n
t
r
o
l
s
tr
ateg
y
o
f
E
V
h
a
v
e
to
b
e
clar
if
ied
.
T
h
e
co
n
tr
o
l
s
ch
e
m
a
tic
o
f
b
o
th
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
i
n
o
n
e
co
n
tr
o
l
ar
ea
is
d
is
p
la
y
ed
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
2
,
w
h
ic
h
is
co
n
s
i
s
ted
o
f
th
e
p
r
i
m
ar
y
co
n
tr
o
l,
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
co
n
tr
o
l
a
n
d
th
e
E
V
co
n
tr
o
l.
T
h
e
p
r
im
ar
y
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
co
n
tr
o
l
is
g
en
er
all
y
e
q
u
ip
p
ed
w
it
h
all
g
e
n
er
atio
n
u
n
it.
T
h
e
p
r
i
m
ar
y
co
n
tr
o
l
i
s
i
n
ch
ar
g
e
o
f
s
tab
ilizi
n
g
th
e
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
to
a
s
et
v
alu
e
af
ter
d
is
tu
r
b
an
ce
o
r
lo
ad
ch
an
g
e
in
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
.
T
h
is
f
u
n
ctio
n
is
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
b
y
a
co
u
p
li
n
g
f
u
n
ctio
n
,
ca
lled
d
r
o
o
p
f
ac
to
r
.
T
h
e
d
r
o
o
p
f
a
cto
r
h
as
a
r
esp
o
n
s
ib
ilit
y
to
b
alan
ce
t
h
e
i
n
j
ec
tio
n
p
o
w
er
o
f
t
h
e
g
e
n
er
at
o
r
an
d
lo
ad
.
I
t
h
as
to
m
e
n
tio
n
th
a
t
th
e
p
r
i
m
ar
y
co
n
tr
o
l
f
u
n
ctio
n
d
o
es
n
o
t
in
c
lu
d
e
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
r
e
s
to
r
atio
n
to
th
e
r
ef
er
en
ce
v
al
u
es.
T
o
r
esto
r
e
th
e
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
b
ac
k
to
th
e
n
o
m
i
n
a
l
v
alu
e,
t
h
is
ac
tio
n
i
s
d
o
n
e
b
y
to
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
co
n
tr
o
l.
T
h
is
p
r
o
ce
s
s
m
ea
s
u
r
es
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
an
d
co
m
p
ar
e
s
w
it
h
th
e
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
v
al
u
e.
T
h
e
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
er
r
o
r
is
co
n
v
er
ted
to
th
e
p
o
w
er
v
ia
t
h
e
d
r
o
o
p
f
ac
to
r
.
T
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t o
f
t
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
co
n
tr
o
l d
r
o
o
p
is
r
eg
u
l
ated
v
ia
P
I
co
n
tr
o
ller
an
d
s
h
ar
ed
to
th
e
g
en
er
atio
n
u
n
it
in
o
r
d
er
to
ad
ju
s
t
th
e
p
o
w
er
f
o
r
t
h
e
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
r
eg
u
latio
n
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
to
th
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
s
er
v
ice
,
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
co
n
tr
o
l is also
m
an
a
g
ed
th
e
p
o
w
er
ex
c
h
an
g
e
b
et
w
ee
n
n
ei
g
h
b
o
r
co
n
tr
o
l a
r
ea
s
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Hier
ar
ch
ical
-
a
n
d
E
V
co
n
tr
o
l b
lo
ck
d
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r
a
m
f
o
r
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
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g
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latio
n
PI
-
G
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PI
Δ
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
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2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
11
,
No
.
6
,
Dec
em
b
er
2
0
2
1
:
4
5
9
7
-
4
6
0
9
4600
I
n
a
p
ar
t
o
f
th
e
E
V
co
n
tr
o
l
as
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
r
e
g
u
la
tio
n
s
er
v
ice,
th
e
co
n
tr
o
l
b
lo
ck
d
ia
g
r
a
m
i
s
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fig
u
r
e
2
as
w
ell.
I
t
i
s
o
b
v
io
u
s
th
at
t
h
e
co
o
p
er
ativ
e
w
it
h
b
att
er
y
So
C
i
s
r
eq
u
ir
ed
.
A
s
n
o
tic
ed
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
2
,
t
h
e
co
n
tr
o
l is
a
f
u
n
ctio
n
o
f
b
atter
y
So
C
.
T
h
is
m
ea
n
s
t
h
at
th
e
c
h
a
r
g
e/d
is
ch
ar
g
e
r
ate
o
f
E
V
f
o
r
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
r
eg
u
lat
io
n
is
d
ep
en
d
ed
o
n
So
C
lev
el.
F
u
r
th
er
d
etail
o
f
th
i
s
ad
ap
tiv
e
co
n
tr
o
l
b
lo
ck
is
p
r
o
v
id
ed
in
th
e
s
ec
tio
n
3
.
Nex
t,
t
h
e
f
ir
s
t
o
r
d
er
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tic
(
P
T
1
)
is
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
ted
i
n
o
r
d
er
to
d
e
s
cr
ib
e
th
e
ch
ar
ac
ter
o
f
E
V.
L
a
s
tl
y
,
t
h
e
li
m
ita
tio
n
b
lo
ck
is
n
ee
d
ed
as
a
g
r
id
in
te
r
f
ac
e.
I
t
ca
n
b
e
i
m
p
lied
th
at
t
h
e
li
m
itatio
n
b
lo
ck
is
a
b
id
ir
ec
tio
n
al
in
v
er
ter
.
T
o
s
u
m
m
ar
ize,
t
h
e
E
V
ca
n
b
e
d
ir
ec
tl
y
j
o
in
ed
t
h
e
h
ier
ar
ch
ical
c
o
n
tr
o
l o
p
er
atio
n
,
w
h
ich
t
h
e
V
2
G
m
o
d
e
i
s
o
p
er
ated
as a
s
u
p
p
o
r
t f
o
r
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
r
eg
u
latio
n
.
3.
P
O
RP
O
SE
D
V2
G
O
P
E
RAT
I
O
N
F
UNCT
I
O
N
I
N
F
R
E
Q
UE
NCY
R
E
G
U
L
AT
I
O
N
I
n
th
i
s
s
ec
t
io
n
,
t
h
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
a
n
d
m
at
h
e
m
atic
d
escr
ip
tio
n
in
E
V
m
o
d
el
p
a
r
t
is
f
u
r
t
h
er
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
.
I
n
Fig
u
r
e
2
,
th
e
m
ain
p
ar
t
o
f
t
h
e
E
V
m
o
d
el
is
a
n
ad
ap
tiv
e
co
n
tr
o
l
b
lo
ck
.
T
h
e
f
u
n
c
t
io
n
o
f
t
h
i
s
b
lo
ck
is
to
co
n
v
er
t
th
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
d
if
f
er
e
n
ce
b
et
wee
n
g
r
id
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
a
n
d
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
to
an
i
n
j
ec
ted
p
o
w
er
o
r
a
co
n
s
u
m
ed
p
o
w
er
in
o
r
d
er
to
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
th
e
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
r
eg
u
lat
io
n
v
ia
a
d
r
o
o
p
f
ac
to
r
o
f
E
V
(
K
EV
)
,
w
h
ich
t
h
e
K
EV
i
s
a
s
lo
p
e
o
f
r
eg
u
lat
io
n
ch
ar
ac
ter
.
I
n
ad
d
iti
o
n
,
th
e
d
ea
d
b
a
n
d
f
u
n
c
tio
n
is
d
ef
in
ed
in
t
h
e
o
p
er
atio
n
cu
r
v
e
in
o
r
d
er
to
s
et
th
e
zo
n
e
th
at
E
V
s
h
o
u
ld
n
o
t b
e
ac
tiv
e
f
o
r
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
r
e
g
u
latio
n
[
2
6
]
.
T
h
e
d
ea
d
b
a
n
d
is
th
e
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
ar
ea
b
et
w
ee
n
Δf
Max
an
d
Δf
Min
.
T
h
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
d
ea
d
b
an
d
ca
n
b
e
s
et
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
t
h
e
to
ler
an
ce
b
an
d
,
e.
g
.
±
1
%
o
f
n
o
m
i
n
al
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
.
T
h
e
p
o
w
er
r
eg
u
lati
o
n
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
s
u
m
m
ar
ized
as
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
3.
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
C
h
ar
ac
ter
o
f
V2
G
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
r
e
g
u
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,
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ax
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at
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atic
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m
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le
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e
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o
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atter
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atter
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ased
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u
r
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AND
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th
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t
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ased
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ased
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d
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eg
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d
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s
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ch
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[
2
7
]
-
[
2
9
]
.
T
h
e
Gau
s
s
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n
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
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a
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o
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e
n
a
s
.
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h
e
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e
an
d
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ar
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ti
m
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o
f
t
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E
Vs
ar
e
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j
u
s
ted
th
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
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m
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n
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al
u
e
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d
t
h
e
s
tan
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ar
d
d
ev
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n
v
al
u
e
o
f
d
i
s
tr
ib
u
tio
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[
3
0
]
.
An
ex
a
m
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le
o
f
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ar
k
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n
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ar
ea
m
o
d
el
i
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t
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s
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e
n
i
n
T
ab
le
1
.
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u
r
p
ar
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g
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t
y
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e
s
ar
e
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e
o
f
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ice
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d
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h
e
u
n
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v
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e
o
f
ar
r
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e
a
n
d
d
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e.
On
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d
,
th
e
s
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ar
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v
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l
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th
e
m
ea
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o
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ar
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h
e
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n
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t
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o
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r
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,
it
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as
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i
n
e
ar
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ti
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e
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n
d
d
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ar
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ti
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e.
T
h
e
s
tan
d
ar
d
d
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n
i
n
th
is
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s
e
is
ar
o
u
n
d
1
.
Me
an
w
h
ile,
th
e
s
u
p
er
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ar
k
e
t
o
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e
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ep
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r
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n
t
s
to
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e
h
as
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m
e
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g
e,
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e
n
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e
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m
e
w
it
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ig
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ased
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[
hr
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12
14
[
hr
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14
12
Fig
u
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6
.
E
s
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ated
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av
ailab
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y
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
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&
C
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m
p
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g
I
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N:
2
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F
r
eq
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4603
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w
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ased
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5.
M
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M
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NT
A
T
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O
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AND
F
RE
Q
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ase
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ased
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u
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e
co
n
tr
o
l
f
r
a
m
e
o
f
V2
G
m
o
d
el
i
n
DS
L
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
at
h
e
m
atic
d
es
cr
ip
tio
n
o
f
V2
G
o
p
er
atio
n
f
u
n
ctio
n
in
s
ec
t
io
n
4
is
p
r
o
g
r
am
m
ed
i
n
th
e
“
P
co
n
tr
o
l
b
lo
ck
”.
T
h
e
“
P
T1
b
lo
ck
”
is
u
s
ed
f
o
r
d
escr
ib
in
g
t
h
e
b
eh
a
v
io
r
o
f
co
n
v
er
ter
.
T
h
e
“
P
h
a
s
e
Lo
ck
Lo
o
p
b
lo
ck
”
p
r
o
v
id
es
t
h
e
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
an
g
le
f
o
r
th
e
s
tat
ic
g
e
n
er
ato
r
.
No
te
th
at
t
h
e
“
iq
_
r
ef
”
o
f
s
tatic
g
en
er
ato
r
is
lef
t
as
a
n
o
p
en
in
p
u
t
p
o
r
t
b
ec
au
s
e
th
e
ac
tiv
e
p
o
w
er
is
o
n
l
y
co
n
s
id
er
ed
in
th
i
s
s
tu
d
y
.
T
h
e
“
B
a
tter
y
b
lo
ck
”
is
in
ch
ar
g
e
f
o
r
b
atter
y
So
C
ca
lcu
la
tio
n
b
ased
o
n
th
e
co
n
ce
p
t o
f
ac
tiv
e
p
o
w
er
in
te
g
r
atio
n
.
T
o
s
tu
d
y
t
h
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
r
eg
u
l
atio
n
,
it
is
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
to
ch
e
k
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
r
esp
o
n
s
e
.
T
h
e
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
u
n
i
t
i
n
t
h
i
s
r
e
s
ea
r
c
h
w
o
r
k
is
ap
p
lied
b
y
a
s
y
n
ch
r
o
n
o
u
s
g
e
n
er
ato
r
m
o
d
el,
w
h
ic
h
i
s
a
v
ail
ab
le
in
DI
g
SI
L
E
NT
lib
r
ar
y
.
T
h
e
g
o
v
er
n
o
r
d
r
o
o
p
f
ac
to
r
is
ad
j
u
s
ted
to
ex
a
m
i
n
e
th
e
p
r
i
m
ar
y
r
esp
o
s
e.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
t
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
co
n
tr
o
l
b
lo
ck
is
ad
d
e
d
.
T
h
e
PI
co
n
tr
o
ller
is
f
in
e
-
t
u
n
ed
to
as
s
u
r
e
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
r
esp
o
s
e.
T
o
test
th
e
r
esp
o
n
s
e,
t
w
o
s
tep
lo
ad
ev
en
t
s
,
i.e
.
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
lo
ad
0
.
1
p
u
.
at
1
0
0
s
an
d
d
ec
r
ea
s
in
g
lo
ad
0
.
1
p
u
.
at
1
1
0
0
s
,
ar
e
u
s
ed
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lt
is
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
8
,
w
h
ic
h
th
e
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
r
esp
o
n
s
e
lo
o
k
s
p
r
o
p
e
r
.
W
h
en
th
e
c
h
ar
ac
ter
o
f
p
r
im
ar
y
co
n
tr
o
l is o
b
s
er
v
ed
,
it c
a
n
b
e
n
o
ticed
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
r
es
u
lt t
h
at
t
h
e
d
u
r
atio
n
ti
m
e
o
f
p
r
i
m
ar
y
co
n
tr
o
l a
ctio
n
is
ar
o
u
n
d
7
2
s
.
T
h
e
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
d
r
o
p
is
ar
o
u
n
d
2
%.
T
h
e
r
ec
o
v
er
y
t
i
m
e
o
f
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
t
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
co
n
tr
o
l
is
ar
o
u
n
d
7
2
8
s
o
r
1
2
.
2
m
i
n
.
Fo
r
m
t
h
e
o
p
er
atio
n
ti
m
e
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
im
ar
y
co
n
tr
o
l
an
d
t
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
co
n
tr
o
l,
b
o
th
f
o
llo
w
th
e
s
tan
d
ar
d
o
f
h
ier
ar
c
h
ical
co
n
tr
o
l stra
te
g
y
[
2
0
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
V2
G
co
n
tr
o
l f
r
a
m
e
i
n
DS
L
Fig
u
r
e
8
.
R
esp
o
n
s
e
o
f
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
400
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&
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Vo
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11
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6.
CASE
S
T
UD
I
E
S AN
D
D
I
SC
USSI
O
N
T
o
s
tu
d
y
t
h
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
r
eg
u
latio
n
w
h
e
n
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
V2
G
o
p
er
atio
n
is
a
p
ar
t
o
f
h
i
er
ar
ch
ical
co
n
tr
o
l,
t
w
o
ca
s
e
s
t
u
d
ies
ar
e
d
ev
elo
p
ed
.
T
h
e
f
ir
s
t
ca
s
e
is
t
h
e
s
tep
r
esp
o
n
s
e
test
.
T
h
is
ca
s
e
is
d
esig
n
ed
f
o
r
th
e
s
tu
d
y
o
f
V2
G
ef
f
ec
t o
n
th
e
p
r
i
m
ar
y
co
n
tr
o
l a
n
d
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
co
n
tr
o
l.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
th
is
ca
s
e
is
a
v
alid
atio
n
ca
s
e
f
o
r
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
tr
ateg
y
,
w
h
i
ch
t
h
e
m
u
ltip
le
f
ac
to
r
a
n
d
p
o
w
er
s
h
ar
i
n
g
ar
e
t
h
e
m
ai
n
e
x
a
m
i
n
atio
n
.
T
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
ca
s
e
is
th
e
co
n
ti
n
u
o
u
s
te
s
t,
w
h
ich
m
ea
n
s
th
a
t
th
e
V2
G
o
p
er
atio
n
is
in
v
est
ig
ated
alo
n
g
th
e
lo
ad
p
r
o
f
ile
in
o
n
e
d
ay
.
T
h
e
s
to
ch
asti
c
o
f
p
ar
k
i
n
g
ar
ea
m
o
d
el
an
d
th
e
av
ailab
l
e
ca
p
ac
ity
ar
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
in
th
is
s
t
u
d
y
.
Si
n
ce
,
th
e
tar
g
et
o
f
b
o
th
s
t
u
d
ies
i
s
t
h
e
o
p
er
atio
n
f
u
n
c
tio
n
test
,
th
u
s
t
h
e
s
i
m
p
le
te
s
t
s
y
s
te
m
i
n
F
ig
u
r
e
9
is
s
u
f
f
icie
n
t.
T
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
lo
a
d
m
o
d
el
is
d
ep
en
d
e
d
o
n
th
e
ca
s
e
s
t
u
d
ies
,
t
h
e
ca
s
e
s
tu
d
y
1
is
a
s
p
o
t
lo
ad
an
d
th
e
ca
s
e
s
tu
d
y
2
is
a
lo
ad
p
r
o
f
ile.
T
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
b
ases
ar
e
s
et
as f
o
llo
w
:
S
Base
is
eq
u
a
l to
1
0
MV
A
,
V
Base
is
2
2
k
V,
an
d
f
Base
is
5
0
Hz.
St
a
t
i
o
n
G
ri
d
S
y
s
t
e
m
L
o
a
d
PA
1
PA
2
T
1
Fig
u
r
e
9
.
T
est s
y
s
te
m
f
o
r
ca
s
e
s
tu
d
ie
s
T
h
e
t
w
o
P
A
m
o
d
els
ar
e
d
esi
g
n
ed
w
it
h
d
if
f
er
en
ce
a
s
s
u
m
p
tio
n
s
.
I
t
i
s
as
s
u
m
ed
t
h
at
t
h
e
P
A
1
h
as
lar
g
er
p
ar
k
in
g
ca
p
ac
it
y
t
h
an
P
A
2
.
As
a
co
n
s
eq
u
e
n
ce
,
t
h
e
d
r
o
o
p
f
ac
t
o
r
o
f
P
A
1
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
h
ig
h
er
t
h
an
t
h
e
d
r
o
o
p
f
ac
to
r
o
f
P
A
2
.
T
h
is
m
ea
n
s
th
at
th
e
P
A
1
s
h
o
u
ld
d
eli
v
er
ed
m
o
r
e
p
o
w
er
t
h
an
P
A
2
.
T
o
ch
ec
k
th
e
f
u
n
ct
io
n
o
f
m
u
ltip
le
f
ac
to
r
,
th
e
So
C
le
v
el
o
f
P
A
2
is
s
et
to
lo
w
er
t
h
a
n
th
e
t
u
r
n
in
g
p
o
in
t.
T
h
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
d
ea
d
b
an
d
s
f
o
r
r
elay
f
u
n
ctio
n
ar
e
s
et
to
±
0
.
0
1
p
u
.
a
n
d
±
0
.
0
0
5
p
u
.
T
h
e
P
A
’
s
p
ar
am
eter
s
ar
e
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
T
ab
le
2
.
T
ab
le
2
.
P
ar
am
eter
s
o
f
p
ar
k
i
n
g
ar
ea
P
a
r
a
me
t
e
r
s
P
A
1
P
A
2
I
n
i
t
i
a
l
S
o
C
0
.
7
0
.
5
S
o
C
Ma
x
/
S
o
C
M
i
n
1
/
0
.
3
1
/
0
.
3
S
o
C
T
P
,
C
/
SoC
T
P
,
D
0
.
8
/
0
.
6
0
.
8
/
0
.
6
D
r
o
o
p
f
a
c
t
o
r
4
2
f
Max
/
f
Mi
n
1
.
0
1
/
0
.
9
9
p
u
.
1
.
0
1
/
0
.
9
9
p
u
.
f
R
e
+
/
f
Re
-
1
.
0
0
5
/
0
.
9
9
5
p
u
.
1
.
0
0
5
/
0
.
9
9
5
p
u
.
6
.1
.
Ca
s
e
s
t
ud
y
1
–
Ste
p r
esp
o
ns
e
t
est
T
h
e
o
b
j
ec
tiv
e
s
o
f
s
tep
r
esp
o
n
s
e
test
ar
e
th
e
s
t
u
d
y
o
f
p
r
i
m
a
r
y
co
n
tr
o
l
an
d
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
co
n
tr
o
l
u
n
d
er
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
r
eg
u
lat
io
n
s
er
v
ice
a
n
d
th
e
v
alid
atio
n
o
f
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
V2
G
o
p
er
atio
n
.
Fro
m
t
h
e
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
test
s
y
s
te
m
,
th
e
0
.
0
5
p
u
.
s
tep
lo
ad
is
ap
p
lie
d
at
1
0
0
s
.
T
h
e
s
i
m
u
latio
n
r
es
u
l
ts
,
i.e
.
t
h
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
r
e
s
p
o
n
s
e,
th
e
ac
tiv
e
p
o
w
er
o
f
p
ar
k
in
g
ar
ea
s
an
d
t
h
e
m
u
lti
p
le
f
ac
to
r
o
f
p
ar
k
in
g
ar
ea
s
,
ar
e
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
as f
o
llo
w
.
Hav
i
n
g
a
lo
o
k
o
n
a
co
m
p
ar
at
iv
e
s
y
s
te
m
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
r
esp
o
n
s
es
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
0
(
a
)
,
th
er
e
is
a
d
if
f
er
en
t
d
u
r
in
g
t
h
e
p
r
i
m
ar
y
co
n
tr
o
l
p
er
io
d
an
d
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
co
n
tr
o
l
p
er
io
d
.
I
n
th
e
p
r
i
m
ar
y
co
n
tr
o
l
p
er
io
d
,
th
e
E
Vs
ar
e
ac
tiv
ated
as
V2
G
w
h
en
t
h
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
is
d
r
o
p
p
ed
to
th
eir
o
p
er
atio
n
r
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g
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cc
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g
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ea
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p
ical
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r
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ter
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ter
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es n
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t f
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o
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g
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k
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o
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l p
ar
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Vs a
ls
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p
p
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th
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til
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h
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en
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s
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k
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RE
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n
Fi
g
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1
0
(
b
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,
th
e
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tiv
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p
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w
er
f
r
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m
P
As
is
co
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tin
u
all
y
s
u
p
p
lied
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y
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te
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u
t t
h
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p
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lied
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s
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co
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o
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n
cr
ea
s
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o
f
f
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en
c
y
.
I
n
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
ti
m
e,
t
h
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g
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er
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p
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er
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m
t
h
e
m
ai
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g
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cr
ea
s
ed
i
n
o
r
d
er
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v
er
t
h
e
lo
ad
ch
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g
e.
At
8
7
5
s
,
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
is
b
ac
k
to
f
RE
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b
u
t
t
h
e
d
eli
v
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p
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er
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r
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m
P
As
is
n
o
t
i
m
m
ed
iatel
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to
p
p
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h
is
is
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
d
r
elay
f
u
n
ctio
n
.
T
h
e
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u
p
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p
o
w
er
in
t
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s
ec
o
n
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ar
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n
tr
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p
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ef
f
ec
t
s
d
ir
ec
tl
y
o
n
t
h
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
r
e
s
p
o
n
s
e.
T
h
e
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
r
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s
p
o
n
s
e
o
f
t
h
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m
t
h
at
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a
s
a
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
f
r
o
m
E
Vs
is
s
lo
w
er
t
h
an
t
h
e
n
o
r
m
al
s
y
s
te
m
.
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h
e
ca
u
s
e
o
f
th
i
s
p
o
in
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is
th
at
th
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m
ain
s
y
s
te
m
d
eli
v
er
s
l
ess
p
o
w
er
,
th
e
n
th
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
F
r
eq
u
en
cy
r
eg
u
la
tio
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s
ervice
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f m
u
ltip
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a
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4605
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d
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g
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y
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s
u
m
m
ar
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f
th
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p
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ar
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ar
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lat
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t
h
elp
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d
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is
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t
h
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d
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w
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F
ig
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1
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b
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an
d
th
e
m
u
ltip
le
f
ac
to
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o
f
P
A
.
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v
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n
g
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k
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n
t
h
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ig
h
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d
eliv
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p
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r
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n
d
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2
2
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n
d
0
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u
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s
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e
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b
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o
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im
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m
o
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an
P
A
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o
w
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e
r
,
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e
r
e
i
s
a
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t
ly
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f
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d
0
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0
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u
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h
i
s
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e
f
f
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r
,
s
e
e
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g
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r
es
1
0
(
d
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d
10
(
f
)
.
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h
e
m
u
ltip
le
f
ac
to
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f
P
A
1
is
eq
u
al
to
1
,
w
h
ile
t
h
e
m
u
ltip
le
f
ac
to
r
o
f
P
A
2
is
less
th
an
1
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h
is
is
th
e
ca
u
s
e
o
f
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C
lev
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ce
th
e
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C
lev
e
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o
f
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A
2
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t
h
an
t
h
e
tu
r
n
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n
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p
o
in
t,
th
e
n
th
e
m
u
ltip
le
f
ac
to
r
is
a
p
ar
ab
o
l
a
f
u
n
ctio
n
,
s
ee
Fi
g
u
r
e
3
.
L
et
’
s
ch
ec
k
t
h
e
So
C
le
v
el
o
f
P
As
a
f
ter
th
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
r
eg
u
latio
n
s
er
v
ice,
s
ee
Fig
u
r
e
s
10
(
c)
an
d
1
0
(
e)
.
T
h
e
ch
an
g
e
o
f
So
C
le
v
el
is
co
r
r
ec
t,
as
th
e
c
h
a
n
g
e
o
f
P
A
1
is
ar
o
u
n
d
t
w
o
ti
m
es
m
o
r
e
th
an
P
A
2
.
R
e
m
ar
k
,
th
e
ca
p
a
cit
y
o
f
b
o
th
P
As
in
t
h
is
s
tu
d
y
ar
e
eq
u
al.
Up
to
th
is
p
o
in
t
,
th
e
s
tu
d
y
o
f
s
tep
r
esp
o
n
s
e
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n
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ir
m
s
th
at
t
h
e
m
at
h
e
m
a
tics
f
u
n
ctio
n
o
f
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
tr
ateg
y
w
o
r
k
s
co
r
r
ec
tl
y
.
(
a)
(
b
)
(
c)
(
d
)
(
e)
(
f
)
Fig
u
r
e
10
.
Si
m
u
latio
n
r
es
u
lt
s
;
(
a)
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
r
e
s
p
o
n
s
e,
(
b
)
ac
tiv
e
p
o
w
er
f
r
o
m
p
ar
k
in
g
ar
ea
s
(
c)
So
C
o
f
P
A
1
,
(
d
)
m
u
ltip
le
f
ac
to
r
o
f
P
A
1
,
(
e)
So
C
o
f
P
A
2
an
d
(
f
)
m
u
ltip
le
f
ac
to
r
o
f
P
A
2
6
.
2
.
Ca
s
e
s
t
ud
y
2
–
co
ntinuo
us
t
es
t
I
n
co
n
ti
n
u
o
u
s
s
t
u
d
y
,
t
h
e
V2
G
ac
tio
n
in
d
ail
y
o
p
er
atio
n
is
th
e
m
ai
n
in
v
est
ig
at
io
n
.
T
h
e
esti
m
a
ted
av
ailab
le
ca
p
ac
it
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o
f
p
ar
k
in
g
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is
tak
en
in
to
ac
co
u
n
t.
T
h
e
esti
m
ated
av
ailab
le
ca
p
ac
it
y
o
f
f
ice
ar
ea
an
d
th
e
s
u
p
er
m
ar
k
et
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
6
is
ap
p
lied
.
T
h
e
esti
m
ated
av
a
ilab
le
ca
p
ac
ity
i
s
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
ted
as
a
li
m
itat
io
n
i
n
V2
G
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
11
,
No
.
6
,
Dec
em
b
er
2
0
2
1
:
4
5
9
7
-
4
6
0
9
4606
co
n
tr
o
l
f
r
a
m
e.
T
h
e
s
et
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
o
f
o
f
f
ice
ar
ea
an
d
th
e
s
u
p
er
m
ar
k
et
ar
ea
ar
e
r
ef
er
r
ed
to
P
A
1
an
d
P
A
2
in
T
ab
le
2
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
T
h
e
s
tan
d
ar
d
lo
a
d
p
r
o
f
ile
o
f
g
e
n
er
al
co
m
m
er
cial
ar
ea
[
31
]
is
s
elec
ted
f
o
r
th
e
s
t
u
d
y
.
A
t
t
h
e
f
ir
s
t
s
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n
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o
u
s
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s
t,
th
e
V2
G
o
p
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is
o
b
s
er
v
ed
.
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h
e
n
th
er
e
i
s
n
o
s
y
s
te
m
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t
in
t
h
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y
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m
,
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e
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G
is
n
o
t
ac
ti
v
e,
s
ee
a
d
as
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li
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n
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g
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1
1
(
a
)
.
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ec
au
s
e
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
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n
tr
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l
b
r
in
g
s
th
e
s
y
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m
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
b
ac
k
to
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ated
v
alu
e,
t
h
e
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
i
s
n
o
t
e
n
ter
i
n
to
th
e
o
p
er
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g
e
o
f
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p
r
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ce
s
s
.
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h
is
s
ce
n
ar
io
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u
p
p
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ts
th
e
r
es
u
lt
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th
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ca
s
e
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t
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y
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h
at
t
h
e
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e
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i
t
o
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s
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ai
n
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e
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r
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y
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r
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ce
s
s
.
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t,
th
e
s
y
s
te
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e
v
e
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ts
ar
e
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in
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r
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te
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ac
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n
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ail
y
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ailab
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it
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ar
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w
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m
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e
n
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(
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11
(
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at
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Fig
u
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,
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(
a)
(
b
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(
c)
(
d
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(
e)
(
f
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Fig
u
r
e
11
.
Si
m
u
latio
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r
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lt
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;
(
a)
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t 2
an
d
(
f
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g
y
e
v
e
n
t
2
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