I
nte
rna
t
io
na
l J
o
urna
l o
f
E
lect
rica
l a
nd
Co
m
p
ute
r
E
ng
in
ee
ring
(
I
J
E
CE
)
Vo
l.
8
,
No
.
5
,
Octo
b
e
r
2
0
1
8
,
p
p
.
3
3
8
6
~
3
3
9
1
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8708
,
DOI
: 1
0
.
1
1
5
9
1
/
i
j
ec
e
.
v
8
i
5
.
pp
3
3
8
6
-
3391
3386
J
o
ur
na
l ho
m
ep
a
g
e
:
h
ttp
:
//ia
e
s
co
r
e
.
co
m/
jo
u
r
n
a
ls
/in
d
ex
.
p
h
p
/
I
JE
C
E
A Co
m
pa
ra
tive S
tudy:
Ta
x
o
no
m
y
o
f
H
ig
h
Per
for
m
a
nce
Co
m
pu
ting (
H
PC
)
Ra
njit
Ra
j
a
k
De
p
a
rtme
n
t
o
f
Co
m
p
u
ter S
c
ien
c
e
&
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
,
Dr.
Ha
risin
g
h
G
o
u
r
Ce
n
tral
Un
iv
e
rsity
,
S
a
g
a
r
(M
.
P
)
,
In
d
ia
Art
icle
I
nfo
AB
ST
RAC
T
A
r
ticle
his
to
r
y:
R
ec
eiv
ed
A
p
r
11
,
2
0
1
8
R
ev
i
s
ed
Ma
y
2
0
,
2
0
1
8
A
cc
ep
ted
J
u
n
7
,
2
0
1
8
T
h
e
c
o
m
p
u
ter
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
ies
h
a
v
e
ra
p
id
ly
d
e
v
e
lo
p
e
d
in
b
o
t
h
so
f
tw
a
r
e
a
n
d
h
a
rd
w
a
re
f
ield
.
T
h
e
c
o
m
p
lex
it
y
o
f
so
f
t
w
a
re
is
in
c
re
a
sin
g
a
s
p
e
r
th
e
m
a
r
k
e
t
d
e
m
a
n
d
b
e
c
a
u
se
th
e
m
a
n
u
a
l
s
y
ste
m
s
a
re
g
o
in
g
to
b
e
c
o
m
e
a
u
to
m
a
ti
o
n
a
s
we
ll
a
s th
e
c
o
st o
f
h
a
rd
w
a
r
e
is
d
e
c
re
a
s
in
g
.
Hig
h
P
e
rf
o
rm
a
n
c
e
Co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
(HP
C)
is
v
e
r
y
d
e
m
a
n
d
in
g
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
a
n
d
a
n
a
tt
ra
c
ti
v
e
a
re
a
o
f
c
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
d
u
e
to
h
u
g
e
d
a
ta
p
ro
c
e
ss
in
g
in
m
a
n
y
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
o
f
c
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
.
T
h
e
p
a
p
e
r
fo
c
u
s
u
p
o
n
d
if
fe
re
n
t
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
o
f
HP
C
a
n
d
th
e
ty
p
e
s
o
f
HP
C
su
c
h
a
s
Clu
ste
r
Co
m
p
u
t
in
g
,
G
rid
Co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
a
n
d
Clo
u
d
C
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
.
It
a
lso
stu
d
ie
s,
d
iff
e
re
n
t
c
las
si
f
ica
ti
o
n
s
a
n
d
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
o
f
a
b
o
v
e
ty
p
e
s
o
f
HP
C.
A
ll
th
e
se
t
y
p
e
s
o
f
HP
C
a
re
d
e
m
a
n
d
in
g
a
re
a
o
f
c
o
m
p
u
ter
sc
ien
c
e
.
T
h
is
p
a
p
e
r
a
lso
d
o
n
e
c
o
m
p
a
ra
ti
v
e
stu
d
y
o
f
g
rid
,
c
lo
u
d
a
n
d
c
lu
ste
r
c
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
b
a
se
d
o
n
b
e
n
e
f
it
s,
d
ra
w
b
a
c
k
s,
k
e
y
a
re
a
s o
f
re
se
a
r
c
h
,
c
h
a
ra
c
ters
ti
c
s,
issu
e
s an
d
c
h
a
ll
e
n
g
e
s.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
:
C
lo
u
d
c
o
m
p
u
tin
g
C
lu
s
ter
c
o
m
p
u
tin
g
Gr
id
c
o
m
p
u
tin
g
HP
C
Co
p
y
rig
h
t
©
2
0
1
8
In
stit
u
te o
f
A
d
v
a
n
c
e
d
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
S
c
ien
c
e
.
Al
l
rig
h
ts
re
se
rv
e
d
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
R
an
j
it R
aj
ak
,
Dep
ar
t
m
en
t o
f
C
o
m
p
u
ter
Scie
n
ce
&
A
p
p
licatio
n
s
,
Dr
.
Har
is
in
g
h
Go
u
r
C
en
tr
al
U
n
iv
er
s
i
t
y
,
Sag
ar
(
M.
P
)
,
I
n
d
ia
.
E
m
ail:
r
an
j
it.j
n
u
@
g
m
a
il.c
o
m
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
Hig
h
P
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
C
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
(
HP
C
)
i
s
a
n
attr
ac
ti
v
e
co
m
p
u
tin
g
f
ield
in
co
m
p
u
ter
s
cie
n
ce
a
n
d
b
y
u
s
i
n
g
HP
C
,
m
a
n
y
ap
p
licatio
n
ca
n
b
e
s
o
lv
ed
f
r
o
m
e
n
g
in
ee
r
in
g
to
s
cie
n
ti
f
ic
p
r
o
b
le
m
s
t
h
at
w
er
e
n
o
t
ea
s
il
y
s
o
lv
ed
b
y
an
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
s
y
s
te
m
.
I
t
is
u
s
ed
in
m
an
y
ap
p
licatio
n
s
s
u
ch
as
m
o
lec
u
lar
b
io
lo
g
y
a
n
d
g
en
et
ic
en
g
i
n
ee
r
i
n
g
,
Sp
ac
e
ex
p
lo
it
ati
o
n
an
d
co
s
m
o
lo
g
y
,
f
i
n
a
n
cial
m
o
d
eli
n
g
a
n
d
co
m
m
er
ce
,
m
a
ch
in
e
in
telli
g
en
t
an
d
cr
y
p
to
g
r
ap
h
y
a
n
d
m
an
y
m
o
r
e
ar
ea
s
.
T
h
e
HP
C
is
b
r
o
ad
ly
class
if
ied
in
to
th
r
ee
ca
teg
o
r
ies
n
a
m
el
y
C
lu
s
ter
C
o
m
p
u
tin
g
,
Gr
id
C
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
an
d
C
lo
u
d
co
m
p
u
tin
g
.
C
l
u
s
ter
C
o
m
p
u
t
in
g
is
a
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
s
y
s
te
m
i
n
w
h
ich
t
w
o
o
r
m
o
r
e
au
to
n
o
m
o
u
s
s
y
s
te
m
s
ar
e
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
ea
ch
o
th
er
th
at
s
o
lv
e
a
co
m
p
le
x
p
r
o
b
lem
.
Gr
id
C
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
i
s
lik
e
d
is
tr
i
b
u
ted
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
i
n
w
h
ic
h
r
es
o
u
r
ce
s
ar
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
lo
ca
lly
o
r
r
em
o
te
ar
ea
s
an
d
i
t
ca
n
b
e
ac
ce
s
s
ed
b
y
a
d
es
k
to
p
u
s
er
o
r
b
y
a
s
i
m
p
le
u
s
er
a
s
p
er
d
e
m
an
d
s
.
I
t
b
asicall
y
f
o
llo
w
s
t
h
a
t
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
p
r
in
cip
l
es
an
d
id
ea
s
.
C
lo
u
d
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
i
s
also
k
n
o
w
n
as
in
ter
n
et
b
a
s
ed
co
m
p
u
t
in
g
d
u
e
to
r
ap
id
ch
an
g
e
s
o
f
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies
eith
er
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
o
r
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e.
Mo
s
t
o
f
th
e
u
s
er
s
w
a
n
t
to
s
t
o
r
e
d
ata
o
n
clo
u
d
d
u
e
to
f
ast ac
ce
s
s
ib
ilit
y
w
h
ich
also
r
ed
u
ce
s
th
e
co
s
t o
f
v
ar
io
u
s
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
T
h
e
d
etailed
d
is
cu
s
s
io
n
o
n
cl
ass
i
f
icatio
n
o
f
HP
C
w
i
ll
b
e
co
m
e
in
s
u
b
s
eq
u
en
t
s
ec
tio
n
s
.
Sectio
n
1
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
ab
o
u
t
b
r
ief
in
tr
o
d
u
c
tio
n
o
f
HP
C
an
d
th
eir
clas
s
i
f
ic
atio
n
,
an
d
Sectio
n
2
w
ill
b
e
d
is
cu
s
s
o
f
ta
x
o
n
o
m
y
o
f
HP
C
in
d
etails.
T
h
e
co
m
p
ar
ativ
e
s
tu
d
y
o
f
HP
C
tax
o
n
o
m
y
is
d
o
n
e
i
n
th
e
Se
ctio
n
3
an
d
S
ec
tio
n
4
w
ill b
e
t
h
e
co
n
clu
s
io
n
p
ar
t th
e
p
ap
er
.
2.
CL
AS
SI
F
I
CAT
I
O
NS O
F
H
P
C
T
h
is
s
ec
tio
n
p
r
o
v
id
es
th
e
v
ar
i
o
u
s
t
y
p
es
o
f
HP
C
class
i
f
icatio
n
an
d
th
eir
b
r
ief
i
n
tr
o
d
u
ctio
n
.
T
h
e
HP
C
is
class
if
ied
i
n
to
th
r
ee
p
ar
ts
:
C
lo
u
d
C
o
mp
u
tin
g
,
Gri
d
C
o
mp
u
t
in
g
a
n
d
C
lu
s
ter C
o
mp
u
tin
g
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8708
A
C
o
mp
a
r
a
tive
S
tu
d
y
:
Ta
xo
n
o
my
o
f H
ig
h
P
erfo
r
ma
n
ce
C
o
mp
u
tin
g
(
HP
C
)
(
R
a
n
jit R
a
ja
k
)
3387
2
.
1
.
G
rid
c
o
m
p
uting
I
t
is
a
k
i
n
d
o
f
HP
C
a
n
d
is
w
id
el
y
u
s
ed
i
n
m
an
y
ar
ea
s
o
f
s
cie
n
ti
f
ic
r
esear
c
h
ar
ea
wh
er
e
h
u
g
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
ar
e
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
.
Gr
id
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
is
s
i
m
i
lar
to
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
i
n
w
h
i
ch
in
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
ar
e
s
to
r
ed
an
d
ac
ce
s
s
ed
f
r
o
m
/
i
n
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
m
u
ltip
le
lo
ca
tio
n
s
.
T
h
e
p
r
i
m
ar
y
o
b
j
ec
tiv
es
o
f
g
r
id
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
[
1
]
ar
e
u
s
e
o
f
s
y
s
te
m
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
,
d
ec
en
tr
alize
d
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
a
n
d
in
ter
co
n
n
ec
ted
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
s
.
Gr
id
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
[
2
]
p
r
o
v
id
es
r
eliab
le,
u
n
i
f
o
r
m
a
n
d
s
ea
m
le
s
s
ac
ce
s
s
to
d
is
tr
ib
u
te
d
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
.
I
t
is
also
ca
lled
n
et
w
o
r
k
–
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
p
ar
allel
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
a
n
d
lar
g
e
s
ca
le
clu
s
ter
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
[
3
]
.
A
cc
o
r
d
in
g
to
I
B
M
[
4
]
,
[
5
]
d
e
f
i
n
itio
n
:
A
g
r
id
is
a
co
llectio
n
o
f
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
o
v
er
a
lo
ca
l
o
r
w
id
e
ar
ea
n
et
w
o
r
k
,
t
h
at
ap
p
ea
r
to
an
en
d
u
s
er
o
r
ap
p
licatio
n
as
o
n
e
lar
g
e
v
ir
tu
al
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
s
y
s
te
m
.
T
o
cr
ea
te
v
ir
tu
a
l
d
y
n
a
m
ic
o
r
g
a
n
izati
o
n
[
6
]
is
th
e
m
aj
o
r
v
is
io
n
o
f
g
r
id
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
.
T
h
is
v
ir
t
u
al
d
y
n
a
m
ic
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
is
cr
ea
ted
th
r
o
u
g
h
s
ec
u
r
e,
r
eso
u
r
ce
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
an
d
s
h
ar
i
n
g
it
a
m
o
n
g
i
n
d
iv
id
u
als
a
n
d
in
s
tit
u
tio
n
s
.
I
t
is
p
o
p
u
lar
d
a
y
b
y
d
a
y
d
u
e
to
it
co
m
p
o
s
ed
o
f
m
u
lt
ip
le
s
er
v
er
s
t
h
at
ar
e
b
o
u
n
d
to
g
eth
e
r
an
d
f
in
d
s
o
l
u
tio
n
o
f
a
g
i
v
e
n
p
r
o
b
lem
.
Sh
ar
i
n
g
,
co
llectin
g
,
h
o
s
ti
n
g
a
n
d
g
i
v
i
n
g
s
er
v
ices to
v
ar
io
u
s
e
n
d
u
s
er
s
ar
e
th
e
m
ai
n
co
n
ce
r
n
s
[
7
]
o
f
g
r
i
d
co
m
p
u
t
in
g
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
b
asic
ar
ch
itect
u
r
e
o
f
g
r
id
co
m
p
u
tin
g
in
w
h
ic
h
j
o
b
s
ar
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
o
n
to
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
s
an
d
g
r
o
u
p
ed
to
g
et
h
er
.
B
y
u
s
in
g
th
i
s
m
o
d
el,
m
ax
i
m
u
m
ef
f
icie
n
c
y
ca
n
b
e
at
tain
ed
.
Her
e,
lar
g
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
j
o
b
s
ar
e
ex
ec
u
ted
o
n
l
y
th
r
o
u
g
h
n
et
w
o
r
k
.
I
t
i
s
al
s
o
ca
lled
as
g
r
id
o
f
co
m
p
u
ter
s
y
s
te
m
.
T
h
i
s
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
is
o
f
v
er
y
h
i
g
h
s
p
ee
d
an
d
co
n
n
ec
ted
w
it
h
i
n
g
r
id
.
T
h
e
p
r
i
m
a
r
y
j
o
b
o
f
g
ir
d
r
eso
u
r
ce
b
r
o
k
er
[
6
]
is
to
p
o
o
l
j
o
b
an
d
d
is
tr
ib
u
te
ac
r
o
s
s
th
e
s
er
v
er
.
T
h
er
e
ar
e
tw
o
b
asic
w
o
r
k
s
o
f
S
A
N,
f
ir
s
tl
y
it
p
o
o
ls
j
o
b
r
eq
u
ests
an
d
th
e
n
allo
ca
ted
to
th
e
av
ailab
le
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
s
.
T
h
er
e
ar
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
k
e
y
f
u
n
ctio
n
al
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
ts
[
6
]
in
g
r
id
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t:
a.
Ser
v
ice
Ma
n
a
g
e
m
en
t:
I
t
p
r
o
v
id
es
f
ast
r
esp
o
n
s
e
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
g
r
i
d
f
o
r
an
y
q
u
er
y
th
a
t
is
g
e
n
er
at
ed
b
y
th
e
u
s
er
s
an
d
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
b.
Secu
r
it
y
Ma
n
ag
e
m
e
n
t:
I
t
p
r
o
tects
o
r
en
s
u
r
e
s
t
h
e
u
n
a
u
t
h
o
r
ized
ac
ce
s
s
to
g
r
id
r
eso
u
r
ce
f
r
o
m
o
u
t
s
id
e
t
h
e
d
o
m
ai
n
s
.
c.
Data
Ma
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t:
T
h
e
p
r
i
m
a
r
y
d
u
t
y
o
f
th
i
s
m
an
a
g
e
m
en
t
i
s
tr
an
s
p
o
r
tin
g
,
clea
n
i
n
g
an
d
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
o
f
t
h
e
d
ata
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
n
o
d
es i
n
g
r
id
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t.
d.
R
eso
u
r
ce
Ma
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t:
I
t
k
ee
p
s
th
e
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
f
g
r
id
r
es
o
u
r
ce
s
u
c
h
as
al
lo
ca
tio
n
an
d
d
e
-
allo
ca
tio
n
o
f
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
T
h
e
b
asic
ar
ch
itectu
r
e
o
f
g
r
id
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
in
w
h
ic
h
j
o
b
s
ar
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
o
n
to
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
s
an
d
g
r
o
u
p
ed
to
g
eth
er
2
.
2
.
Clus
t
er
c
o
m
pu
t
i
ng
T
ec
h
n
o
lo
g
ies
ar
e
d
y
n
a
m
ics
i
n
n
atu
r
e,
an
d
th
e
y
ar
e
ch
a
n
g
in
g
as
p
er
th
e
m
ar
k
et
d
e
m
a
n
d
s
.
Her
e
it
ca
n
b
e
b
o
th
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
an
d
h
ar
d
w
ar
e.
T
h
e
co
m
p
lex
it
y
o
f
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
i
n
cr
ea
s
i
n
g
a
n
d
co
s
t
o
f
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
is
d
ec
r
ea
s
in
g
ti
m
e
to
ti
m
e.
T
h
e
in
tr
o
d
u
ctio
n
o
f
clu
s
ter
h
av
e
b
ee
n
d
ev
elo
p
ed
d
u
e
lo
w
co
s
t
o
f
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
w
h
ic
h
co
n
s
is
ts
m
u
ltip
le
lo
w
co
s
t
c
o
m
p
u
ter
s
a
n
d
i
n
ter
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
ea
ch
o
t
h
er
a
n
d
s
y
n
c
h
r
o
n
o
u
s
t
h
eir
w
o
r
k
.
T
h
e
clu
s
ter
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
i
s
p
o
p
u
lar
an
d
attr
ac
tiv
e
ar
ea
d
u
e
to
t
h
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
f
ac
to
r
s
:
ec
o
n
o
m
ic,
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
,
a
n
d
f
le
x
ib
ilit
y
.
T
h
ese
f
ac
to
r
s
m
ak
e
clu
s
ter
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
m
o
r
e
attr
ac
tiv
e.
a.
T
h
e
b
asic
r
ea
s
o
n
f
o
r
p
o
p
u
lar
it
y
o
f
cl
u
s
ter
s
in
cl
u
d
es
t
h
e
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
i
n
ter
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
n
et
w
o
r
k
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
a
n
d
av
ailab
ili
t
y
o
f
h
ig
h
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
d
es
k
to
p
co
m
p
u
ter
.
b.
T
h
er
e
ar
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
f
o
r
m
a
l d
ef
i
n
itio
n
s
o
f
a
cl
u
s
ter
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
g
i
v
en
b
y
m
u
ltip
le
a
u
th
o
r
s
:
c.
Defin
itio
n
1
[
8
]
:
A
clu
s
ter
is
t
w
o
o
r
m
o
r
e
in
d
ep
en
d
en
t
co
m
p
u
ter
s
t
h
at
ar
e
co
n
n
ec
ted
b
y
a
d
ed
icate
d
n
et
w
o
r
k
to
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
j
o
in
t ta
s
k
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
8
,
No
.
5
,
Octo
b
er
2
0
1
8
:
3
3
8
6
–
3
3
9
1
3388
d.
Defin
itio
n
s
2
[
9
]
:
A
clu
s
ter
is
g
r
o
u
p
s
o
f
s
er
v
er
s
th
at
co
o
r
d
in
at
e
th
e
ir
ac
tio
n
s
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
s
ca
lab
le,
h
ig
h
av
ailab
le
s
er
v
ices
T
h
e
Fig
u
r
e
2
s
h
o
w
s
th
e
ar
ch
i
t
ec
tu
r
e
o
f
clu
s
ter
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
[
1
0
]
.
T
h
is
ar
ch
itectu
r
e
co
n
s
i
s
ts
o
f
a
lar
g
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
n
o
d
es
o
r
co
m
p
u
ter
n
o
d
es.
E
ac
h
n
o
d
e
h
a
s
s
in
g
le
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
o
r
m
u
ltip
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
s
,
m
e
m
o
r
y
,
I
/O
a
n
d
Op
er
atin
g
S
y
s
te
m
.
A
cl
u
s
ter
c
o
n
s
is
ts
o
f
t
w
o
o
r
m
o
r
e
co
m
p
u
t
er
n
o
d
es
ar
e
in
ter
co
n
n
ec
ted
v
i
a
h
ig
h
s
p
ee
d
L
A
N.
T
h
is
in
ter
co
n
n
ec
ted
clu
s
ter
s
y
s
te
m
ap
p
ea
r
s
as si
n
g
le
s
y
s
te
m
f
o
r
u
s
er
s
a
n
d
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
A
r
ch
itectu
r
e
o
f
C
l
u
s
ter
C
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
[
1
0
]
T
h
e
m
o
s
t
i
m
p
o
r
ta
n
t
a
n
d
es
s
en
tia
l
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
o
f
a
c
lu
s
ter
co
m
p
u
t
in
g
ar
ch
i
tectu
r
e
is
clu
s
ter
m
id
d
le
w
ar
e
w
h
ic
h
p
r
o
v
id
es
s
in
g
le
s
y
s
te
m
v
ie
w
to
th
e
u
s
e
r
s
.
T
h
e
clu
s
ter
m
id
d
le
w
ar
e
p
r
o
v
id
es
th
r
ee
b
asic
f
u
n
ctio
n
alitie
s
[
6
]
:
to
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
s
in
g
le
s
y
s
te
m
i
m
a
g
e,
s
y
s
te
m
a
v
ailab
ilit
y
i
n
f
r
a
s
tr
u
c
tu
r
e
an
d
r
eso
u
r
ce
m
an
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
an
d
s
ch
ed
u
li
n
g
.
I
t
is
also
a
r
esp
o
n
s
ib
le
f
o
r
o
f
f
er
in
g
an
il
lu
s
io
n
o
f
a
u
n
i
f
ied
s
y
s
te
m
i
m
a
g
es
an
d
av
ailab
ilit
y
o
u
t o
f
a
co
llectio
n
o
n
in
d
ep
en
d
en
t b
u
t in
ter
co
n
n
e
cted
n
o
d
es.
2
.
3
.
Clo
ud
c
o
m
pu
t
i
ng
Fo
r
p
ast f
e
w
y
ea
r
s
th
e
co
m
p
u
t
er
s
ar
e
u
s
ed
f
o
r
co
m
p
u
tin
g
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
b
y
th
e
e
n
d
u
s
er
.
As t
h
e
te
ch
n
o
lo
g
y
h
as
ch
a
n
g
ed
r
ap
id
ly
a
n
d
th
e
co
s
t
o
f
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
h
a
s
d
ec
r
ea
s
ed
an
d
th
is
m
ak
e
s
th
e
u
s
er
o
f
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
also
in
cr
ea
s
ed
i.e
.
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
m
o
b
il
e
d
ev
ices
li
k
e
lap
to
p
,
i
-
p
ad
,
p
al
m
to
p
also
in
cr
ea
s
ed
u
p
to
m
illi
o
n
s
o
f
th
e
u
s
er
s
.
T
h
e
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
u
s
in
g
m
o
b
ile
d
ev
ice
is
th
e
f
a
s
ter
an
d
ea
s
ier
th
an
co
n
v
en
t
io
n
al
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es.
T
h
e
m
aj
o
r
p
r
o
b
lem
u
s
i
n
g
m
o
b
ile
d
ev
ices
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
i
s
r
elate
d
to
th
e
l
if
e
o
f
b
at
ter
y
an
d
t
h
e
s
to
r
ag
e.
T
o
o
v
er
co
m
e
th
i
s
p
r
o
b
le
m
,
th
e
clo
u
d
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
[
1
1
]
h
av
e
b
ee
n
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
in
r
ec
en
tl
y
.
T
h
e
clo
u
d
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
is
d
e
f
i
n
ed
as
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
o
f
v
ir
tu
al
izatio
n
an
d
d
i
f
f
er
en
t
co
m
p
u
t
in
g
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
th
at
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
b
y
e
n
d
u
s
er
s
as
p
er
th
eir
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
e
n
ts
.
T
h
e
r
eq
u
ir
em
e
n
ts
ar
e
f
o
ll
o
w
e
d
a
p
r
in
cip
le
i.e
.
p
ay
p
er
u
s
es
b
asis
[
1
2
]
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
.
B
u
y
y
a
h
as
d
e
f
in
ed
C
lo
u
d
C
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
a
s
f
o
llo
w
s
:
“Cl
o
u
d
i
s
a
p
ar
allel
a
n
d
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
c
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
s
y
s
te
m
co
n
s
i
s
ti
n
g
o
f
a
co
llec
tio
n
o
f
i
n
ter
-
co
n
n
ec
ted
an
d
v
ir
tu
alize
d
co
m
p
u
ter
s
[
1
3
]
.
T
h
e
clo
u
d
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
p
er
m
i
t
th
e
e
n
d
u
s
er
to
s
h
ar
e
t
h
e
s
to
r
ag
e,
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
r
e
s
o
u
r
c
es
an
d
also
p
r
o
v
id
e
th
e
i
n
f
r
ast
r
u
ctu
r
e.
I
t
h
a
s
t
w
o
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
f
ea
tu
r
e
s
[
1
1
]
: A
b
s
tr
ac
tio
n
an
d
Vir
t
u
aliza
tio
n
.
A
b
s
tr
ac
tio
n
m
ea
n
s
to
co
llect
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
f
r
o
m
d
ev
elo
p
er
s
a
n
d
en
d
u
s
er
,
t
h
e
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
c
o
n
s
is
ts
o
f
th
e
d
etail
in
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
o
f
i
m
p
le
m
en
ta
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
.
Vir
tu
aliza
t
io
n
i
s
d
ef
i
n
ed
as
s
h
ar
in
g
a
n
d
p
o
o
lin
g
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
b
y
t
h
e
ap
p
licatio
n
s
a
s
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
3
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8708
A
C
o
mp
a
r
a
tive
S
tu
d
y
:
Ta
xo
n
o
my
o
f H
ig
h
P
erfo
r
ma
n
ce
C
o
mp
u
tin
g
(
HP
C
)
(
R
a
n
jit R
a
ja
k
)
3389
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
C
o
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
o
f
C
lo
u
d
C
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
[
1
4
]
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
C
lo
u
d
C
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
Ar
ch
itect
u
r
e
[
1
5
]
T
h
ese
ar
e
th
e
f
o
llo
w
in
g
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
s
[
1
4
]
co
n
s
is
t c
lo
u
d
co
m
p
u
tin
g
:
a.
C
lie
n
t
co
m
p
u
ter
s
ar
e
th
e
d
e
v
i
ce
s
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
w
h
ich
e
n
d
u
s
er
in
ter
ac
t
w
it
h
clo
u
d
an
d
m
a
n
a
g
e
th
e
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
n
it.
T
h
ese
clien
t
s
ar
e
class
i
f
ied
in
to
th
r
ee
t
y
p
es:
m
o
b
ile,
th
in
an
d
th
ick
clie
n
ts
.
Mo
b
ile
clien
ts
h
a
v
i
n
g
ex
a
m
p
le
o
f
S
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
e
s
u
c
h
as iP
h
o
n
e.
T
h
i
n
clie
n
t
h
a
v
in
g
n
o
in
ter
n
al
h
ar
d
d
r
iv
e
a
n
d
it d
ep
en
d
s
o
n
s
er
v
e
r
f
o
r
all
w
o
r
k
.
T
h
ick
c
lien
t is r
e
g
u
lar
co
m
p
u
ter
w
h
o
s
e
m
ai
n
wo
r
k
is
to
co
n
n
ec
t t
h
e
clo
u
d
u
s
i
n
g
w
eb
b
r
o
w
s
er
s
u
c
h
as Go
o
g
le
C
h
r
o
m
e,
Fire
f
o
x
o
r
I
n
ter
n
et
E
x
p
lo
r
er
.
b.
Data
C
en
tr
e
is
t
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
o
f
th
e
clo
u
d
co
m
p
u
tin
g
th
at
ca
n
b
e
d
ef
in
ed
as
t
h
e
co
llectio
n
o
f
s
er
v
er
s
w
h
er
e
th
e
ap
p
licatio
n
s
to
w
h
ich
t
h
e
cu
s
to
m
er
s
s
u
b
s
c
r
ib
e.
c.
Dis
tr
ib
u
ted
Ser
v
er
is
th
e
b
ac
k
b
o
n
e
o
f
an
y
clo
u
d
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
s
y
s
te
m
.
C
lo
u
d
co
m
p
u
t
in
g
ar
ch
itect
u
r
e
s
h
o
w
s
in
F
ig
u
r
e
4
.
T
h
e
clo
u
d
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
ar
ch
itect
u
r
e
[
1
5
]
is
d
iv
id
ed
in
to
f
o
u
r
la
y
er
s
as
n
a
m
el
y
:
Ha
r
d
w
a
r
e
la
ye
r
:
T
h
is
la
y
er
is
r
esp
o
n
s
ib
le
f
o
r
m
an
a
g
i
n
g
th
e
p
h
y
s
ical
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
o
f
t
h
e
clo
u
d
,
in
clu
d
i
n
g
p
h
y
s
ical
s
er
v
er
s
,
r
o
u
ter
s
,
s
w
it
ch
es,
p
o
w
er
a
n
d
co
o
lin
g
s
y
s
te
m
s
.
I
n
fr
a
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
la
ye
r
:
Als
o
k
n
o
w
n
a
s
th
e
v
ir
tu
al
izatio
n
la
y
er
,
th
e
in
f
r
astru
ct
u
r
e
la
y
er
cr
ea
tes
a
p
o
o
l
o
f
s
to
r
ag
e
an
d
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
b
y
p
ar
titi
o
n
i
n
g
t
h
e
p
h
y
s
ical
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
.
P
la
tfo
r
m
la
ye
r
:
B
u
ilt
o
n
to
p
o
f
t
h
e
in
f
r
astr
u
ct
u
r
e
la
y
er
,
th
e
p
latf
o
r
m
la
y
er
co
n
s
i
s
ts
o
f
o
p
er
atin
g
s
y
s
te
m
s
a
n
d
ap
p
licatio
n
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
s
.
T
h
e
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
o
f
th
e
p
latf
o
r
m
l
a
y
er
is
to
m
i
n
i
m
ize
t
h
e
b
u
r
d
en
o
f
d
ep
lo
y
i
n
g
ap
p
licatio
n
s
d
ir
ec
tl
y
i
n
to
VM
co
n
tain
er
s
.
A
p
p
lica
tio
n
la
ye
r
:
A
t
th
e
h
i
g
h
est
le
v
el
o
f
th
e
h
ier
ar
ch
y
,
t
h
e
ap
p
licatio
n
la
y
er
co
n
s
i
s
ts
o
f
th
e
ac
tu
al
clo
u
d
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
3.
CO
M
P
ARIS
O
NS O
F
T
AXO
NO
M
Y
H
P
C
T
ab
le
1
s
h
o
w
s
b
e
n
ef
i
ts
an
d
d
r
a
w
b
ac
k
s
o
f
g
r
id
,
clu
s
ter
an
d
clo
u
d
co
m
p
u
t
in
g
.
T
ab
le
2
s
h
o
w
s
k
e
y
ar
ea
s
o
f
g
r
id
,
clu
s
ter
an
d
c
lo
u
d
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
.
T
ab
l
e
3
s
h
o
w
s
c
h
ar
ac
ter
is
t
ics
o
f
g
r
id
,
clu
s
ter
a
n
d
clo
u
d
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
.
T
ab
le
4
s
h
o
w
s
is
s
u
es a
n
d
ch
alle
n
g
e
s
o
f
g
r
id
,
clu
s
ter
an
d
clo
u
d
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
.
T
ab
le
1
.
B
en
ef
it
s
an
d
Dr
a
w
b
a
ck
s
o
f
Gr
id
,
C
l
u
s
ter
an
d
C
lo
u
d
C
o
m
p
u
t
in
g
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
8
,
No
.
5
,
Octo
b
er
2
0
1
8
:
3
3
8
6
–
3
3
9
1
3390
T
ab
le
2
.
Key
A
r
ea
s
o
f
Gr
id
,
C
lu
s
ter
a
n
d
C
lo
u
d
C
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
T
ab
le
3
.
C
h
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
o
f
Gr
i
d
,
C
lu
s
ter
a
n
d
C
lo
u
d
C
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
T
ab
le
4
.
I
s
s
u
es a
n
d
C
h
alle
n
g
e
s
o
f
Gr
id
,
C
lu
s
ter
an
d
C
lo
u
d
C
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
4.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
e
Fas
test
d
ev
e
lo
p
m
en
t
o
f
t
ec
h
n
o
lo
g
ies
a
n
d
I
n
ter
n
e
t
s
p
ee
d
,
th
e
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
f
o
r
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
b
ec
o
m
e
less
e
x
p
en
s
i
v
e,
ea
s
i
l
y
ac
ce
s
ib
le
an
d
p
o
w
er
f
u
l
f
o
r
en
d
u
s
er
.
T
h
e
tax
o
n
o
m
ie
s
o
f
Hi
g
h
P
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
C
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
(
HP
C
)
is
f
r
o
m
g
r
id
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
,
clu
s
ter
co
m
p
u
tin
g
to
t
h
e
l
a
test
co
m
p
u
tin
g
s
u
c
h
as
clo
u
d
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
.
C
lo
u
d
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
i
s
t
h
e
latest
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
w
h
ich
p
r
o
v
id
es
I
n
ter
n
e
t
b
ased
C
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
,
less
e
x
p
en
s
i
v
e
an
d
p
r
o
v
id
es
f
aste
s
t
w
eb
s
er
v
ice
at
lo
w
er
c
o
s
t
as
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
g
r
id
an
d
clu
s
ter
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
.
T
h
is
p
ap
er
h
ig
h
li
g
h
ts
v
ar
io
u
s
asp
ec
ts
o
f
HP
C
ta
x
o
n
o
m
y
b
as
ed
o
n
b
en
ef
its
,
d
r
a
w
b
ac
k
s
,
ar
ea
o
f
r
esear
ch
,
is
s
u
es a
n
d
ch
all
en
g
e
s
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
Zah
ra
P
o
o
ra
n
ian
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
In
d
e
p
e
n
d
e
n
t
T
a
sk
S
c
h
e
d
u
l
in
g
i
n
G
rid
C
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
Ba
se
d
o
n
Qu
e
e
n
-
Be
e
A
lg
o
rit
h
m
”
,
IAE
S
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Art
if
icia
l
In
telli
g
e
n
c
e
(
IJ
-
AI)
,
v
o
l.
1
,
n
o
.
4
,
De
c
2
0
1
2
,
p
p
.
1
7
1
-
1
8
1
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8708
A
C
o
mp
a
r
a
tive
S
tu
d
y
:
Ta
xo
n
o
my
o
f H
ig
h
P
erfo
r
ma
n
ce
C
o
mp
u
tin
g
(
HP
C
)
(
R
a
n
jit R
a
ja
k
)
3391
[2
]
Nid
h
i
Ja
in
a
n
d
In
d
e
rv
e
e
r
Ch
a
n
a
,
“
En
e
rg
y
Eff
ici
e
n
t
a
n
d
Hig
h
P
e
rf
o
rm
a
n
c
e
S
c
h
e
d
u
li
n
g
A
lg
o
rit
h
m
f
o
r
G
rid
Co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
”
,
In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Jo
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
Clo
u
d
Co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
a
n
d
S
e
rv
ice
s
S
c
ien
c
e
(IJ
-
C
L
OSE
R)
,
v
o
l.
3
,
n
o.
3
,
p
p
.
1
7
9
-
188
,
Ju
n
e
2
0
1
4
.
[3
]
ww
w
.
o
u
terv
il
lag
e
.
c
o
m
//
c
o
n
ten
t/
g
rid
_
c
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
.
[4
]
Ha
w
a
k
,
T
.
,
“
Re
m
a
r
k
o
n
G
rid
Co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
”
,
P
lan
e
t
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
a
n
d
Ex
p
o
,
S
a
n
Jo
se
,
Ca
li
f
o
rn
i
a
,
Ju
n
e
2
0
0
2
.
[5
]
Zh
a
n
g
,
L
,
J.,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
De
v
e
lo
p
in
g
G
rid
Co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
”
,
P
a
rt
1
:
I
n
t
ro
d
u
c
ti
o
n
to
G
rid
A
rc
h
it
e
c
tu
re
a
n
d
T
o
o
lk
it
f
o
r
Bu
il
d
in
g
G
rid
S
o
lu
ti
o
n
,
IBM
Co
r
p
o
ra
ti
o
n
,
2
0
0
2
,
ww
w
.
ib
m
.
c
o
m
[6
]
C.
S
.
R
P
ra
b
h
u
,
“
G
rid
a
n
d
C
lu
ste
r
Co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
“
P
HI
P
u
b
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s,
F
e
b
.
2
0
1
4
.
[7
]
G
a
n
d
o
tra
In
d
u
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
Cl
o
u
d
Co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
o
v
e
r
Clu
ste
r,
G
rid
C
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
:
a
Co
m
p
a
ra
ti
v
e
A
n
a
l
y
sis”
,
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Gr
i
d
a
n
d
Distrib
u
ted
C
o
mp
u
ti
n
g
,
Vo
l
.
1
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
1
-
4
,
2
0
1
1
.
[8
]
Dilek
De
m
i
v
e
l,
“
Hig
h
P
e
rf
o
rm
a
n
c
e
C
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
:
Clu
ste
r
A
rc
h
it
e
c
tu
re
”
.
[9
]
Zh
a
n
g
,
Y.
H
G
u
o
,
W.
G
a
o
,
“
Re
se
a
rc
h
o
n
L
o
a
d
Ba
lan
c
in
g
o
n
M
u
l
ti
Clu
ste
r
A
rc
h
it
e
c
tu
re
Ba
se
d
o
n
Bu
sin
e
ss
Co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
P
a
rti
t
io
n
”
,
IEE
E
Pr
o
c
.
Of
3
rd
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
o
n
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
a
n
d
Ap
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
,
2
0
0
5
.
[1
0
]
Ra
jk
u
m
a
r
Bu
y
y
a
,
“
Hi
g
h
P
e
rf
o
rm
a
n
c
e
Co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
”
,
A
rc
h
it
e
c
tu
re
a
n
d
S
y
ste
m
,
v
o
l.
1
,
P
HI 1
9
9
9
.
[1
1
]
Clo
u
d
c
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
b
y
V
.
K.
P
a
c
h
g
h
a
re
,
P
HI,
2
0
1
6
.
[1
2
]
R.
Bu
y
y
a
,
e
t
a
l
.,
“
Clo
u
d
C
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
:
P
rin
c
i
p
les
a
n
d
P
a
ra
d
ig
m
”
,
Jo
h
n
W
il
e
y
&
S
o
n
s,
H
o
b
o
k
e
n
,
NJ
,
2
0
1
0
.
[1
3
]
Bh
a
sk
a
r
P
ra
sa
d
Ri
m
a
l
a
n
d
Ia
n
l
u
m
p
,
“
A
T
a
x
o
n
o
m
y
a
n
d
S
u
rv
e
y
o
f
Clo
u
d
Co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
S
y
ste
m
”
,
5
th
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
in
t
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
INC,
IM
S
a
n
d
IDC
,
p
p
.
4
4
-
5
1
,
2
0
0
9
.
[1
4
]
M
o
b
i
le
Clo
u
d
Co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
:
A
rc
h
it
e
c
tu
re
,
A
l
g
o
rit
h
m
s
a
n
d
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s,
De
b
a
sis
De
y
,
CRC
P
re
s
s,
T
a
y
lo
r
a
n
d
F
ra
c
is
e
G
ro
u
p
,
E
d
it
i
o
n
2
0
1
6
.
[1
5
]
Qi
Zh
e
g
e
n
,
“
Clo
u
d
C
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
:
S
tate
-
of
-
th
e
-
a
rt
a
n
d
Re
se
a
r
c
h
Ch
a
ll
e
n
g
e
s
”
,
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
In
ter
n
e
t
S
e
rv
ice
Ap
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
,
V
o
l
.
1
,
p
p
.
7
-
18
,
2
0
1
0
.
[1
6
]
Kira
n
jo
t
Ko
u
r
a
n
d
A
n
jan
d
e
e
p
Ko
u
r
Ra
i,
“
A
Co
m
p
a
ra
ti
v
e
An
a
ly
sis:
G
rid
,
Clu
ste
r
a
n
d
Clo
u
d
Co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
”
,
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Ad
v
a
n
c
e
d
Res
e
a
rc
h
in
Co
mp
u
ter
a
n
d
Co
mm
u
n
ic
a
ti
o
n
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
,
v
o
l.
3
,
no.
3
,
M
a
rc
h
2
0
1
4
.
[1
7
]
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
A
la
m
g
e
e
r
a
n
d
Iq
ra
r
A
h
m
a
d
,
“
Clo
u
d
Co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
:
Is
a
S
tep
A
h
e
a
d
?
”
,
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
Co
mp
u
ter
Ap
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s (
0
9
75
–
8
8
8
7
)
,
v
o
l.
159
,
n
o
.
5
,
F
e
b
ru
a
ry
2
0
1
7
.
[1
8
]
A
y
u
sh
i
P
a
th
a
k
a
n
d
Nish
a
Ka
u
sh
i
k
,
“
G
rid
C
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
Iss
u
e
s,
Ch
a
ll
e
n
g
e
s,
Ne
e
d
a
n
d
P
ra
c
ti
c
e
”
,
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
ri
ng
a
n
d
C
o
mp
u
ter
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
,
IS
S
N:
2
3
1
9
-
7
2
4
2
,
v
o
l.
2
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
8
5
3
-
8
6
3
,
A
p
ril
2
0
1
3
.
[
1
9
]
M
a
n
o
j
Ku
m
a
r
M
ish
ra
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
A
Re
v
ie
w
a
n
d
Clas
sif
ica
ti
o
n
o
f
G
ri
d
Co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
S
y
ste
m
s
”
,
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
Co
mp
u
t
a
ti
o
n
a
l
I
n
telli
g
e
n
c
e
Res
e
a
rc
h
,
IS
S
N
:
0
9
7
3
-
1
8
7
3
,
v
o
l.
1
3
,
no.
3
,
p
p
.
3
6
9
-
4
0
2
,
2
0
1
7
.
B
I
O
G
RAP
H
Y
O
F
AUTHO
R
Dr
.
Ra
n
jit
R
a
ja
k
is
w
o
rk
in
g
a
s
a
n
A
s
sista
n
t
P
ro
f
e
ss
o
r
in
th
e
De
p
a
rtme
n
t
o
f
Co
m
p
u
ter
S
c
ien
c
e
a
n
d
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s,
Dr.Ha
risin
g
h
G
o
u
r
Ce
n
tral
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
,
S
a
g
a
r
(M
.
P
).
He
h
a
s
o
b
tain
e
d
th
e
d
e
g
re
e
o
f
M
CA
(2
0
0
7
),
M
.
T
e
c
h
(2
0
0
9
)
.
In
Co
m
p
u
ter
S
c
ien
c
e
a
n
d
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
a
n
d
P
h
.
D.(2
0
1
4
)
in
Co
m
p
u
te
r
S
c
ien
c
e
a
n
d
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
f
ro
m
Ja
w
a
h
a
rlal
Ne
h
ru
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
,
Ne
w
De
lh
i,
In
d
ia.
His
re
se
a
rc
h
in
tere
s
t
li
e
s
in
t
h
e
a
re
a
o
f
P
a
ra
ll
e
l
C
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
,
S
c
h
e
d
u
li
n
g
P
ro
b
lem
,
a
n
d
Cl
o
u
d
Co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
.
He
h
a
s
p
u
b
l
is
h
e
d
o
v
e
r
1
1
p
a
p
e
rs i
n
th
e
j
o
u
r
n
a
ls
o
f
i
n
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
re
p
u
te.
He
is
a
m
e
m
b
e
r
o
f
IA
EN
G
a
n
d
CS
I.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.