I
nte
rna
t
io
na
l J
o
urna
l o
f
E
lect
rica
l a
nd
Co
m
p
ut
er
E
ng
in
ee
ring
(
I
J
E
CE
)
Vo
l.
7
,
No
.
4
,
A
u
g
u
s
t
201
7
,
p
p
.
1
9
7
3
~
1
9
8
2
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
,
DOI
: 1
0
.
1
1
5
9
1
/
i
j
ec
e
.
v7
i
4
.
p
p
1
9
7
3
-
1982
1973
J
o
ur
na
l ho
m
ep
a
g
e
:
h
ttp
:
//ia
e
s
jo
u
r
n
a
l.c
o
m/o
n
lin
e/in
d
ex
.
p
h
p
/I
JE
C
E
Perf
o
r
m
a
nce
Ev
a
lua
tion o
f
Au
to
ma
tic
Nu
m
b
er Pl
a
t
e
Recog
nition o
n A
ndro
id S
m
a
rtp
ho
ne P
la
t
for
m
T
eddy
Su
ry
a
G
un
a
w
a
n
1
,
Abdu
l M
utho
lib
2
,
M
ir
a
K
a
r
t
iw
i
3
1,
2
De
p
a
rtm
e
n
t
o
f
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
a
n
d
Co
m
p
u
ter E
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
I
n
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Isla
m
ic Un
iv
e
rsit
y
M
a
la
y
sia
,
M
a
la
y
sia
3
De
p
a
rtme
n
t
o
f
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
o
n
S
y
ste
m
s,
In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Isla
m
ic Un
iv
e
rs
it
y
M
a
la
y
sia
,
M
a
la
y
sia
Art
icle
I
nfo
AB
ST
RAC
T
A
r
ticle
his
to
r
y:
R
ec
eiv
ed
Dec
1
8
,
2
0
1
6
R
ev
i
s
ed
Ma
y
3
1
,
2
0
1
7
A
cc
ep
ted
J
u
n
1
4
,
2
0
1
7
A
u
to
m
a
ti
c
Nu
m
b
e
r
P
late
Re
c
o
g
n
it
io
n
(A
NP
R)
is
a
n
i
n
telli
g
e
n
t
sy
s
tem
w
h
ich
h
a
s
th
e
c
a
p
a
b
il
it
y
to
re
c
o
g
n
ize
th
e
c
h
a
ra
c
ter
o
n
v
e
h
icle
n
u
m
b
e
r
p
late
.
P
re
v
io
u
s
re
se
a
rc
h
e
s
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
ted
A
NP
R
s
y
ste
m
o
n
p
e
rso
n
a
l
c
o
m
p
u
ter
(
P
C)
w
it
h
h
ig
h
re
so
l
u
ti
o
n
c
a
m
e
r
a
a
n
d
h
ig
h
c
o
m
p
u
tati
o
n
a
l
c
a
p
a
b
il
it
y
.
On
t
h
e
o
t
h
e
r
h
a
n
d
,
n
o
t
m
a
n
y
re
se
a
rc
h
e
s
h
a
v
e
b
e
e
n
c
o
n
d
u
c
ted
o
n
t
h
e
d
e
sig
n
a
n
d
im
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
A
NP
R
in
sm
a
r
t
p
h
o
n
e
p
latf
o
rm
s
w
h
ich
h
a
s
li
m
it
e
d
c
a
m
e
r
a
re
so
lu
ti
o
n
a
n
d
p
r
o
c
e
ss
in
g
sp
e
e
d
.
In
th
is
p
a
p
e
r
,
v
a
rio
u
s
ste
p
s
t
o
o
p
ti
m
iz
e
A
NP
R,
in
c
l
u
d
i
n
g
p
re
-
p
r
o
c
e
ss
in
g
,
se
g
m
e
n
tatio
n
,
a
n
d
o
p
ti
c
a
l
c
h
a
ra
c
ter
re
c
o
g
n
it
io
n
(OCR)
u
si
n
g
a
rti
f
icia
l
n
e
u
ra
l
n
e
tw
o
rk
(A
N
N)
a
n
d
tem
p
late
m
a
tch
in
g
,
we
re
d
e
s
c
rib
e
d
.
T
h
e
p
ro
p
o
se
d
A
NP
R
a
lg
o
rit
h
m
w
a
s
b
a
se
d
o
n
T
e
ss
e
ra
c
t
a
n
d
Lep
to
n
ica
li
b
ra
r
i
e
s
.
F
o
r
c
o
m
p
a
riso
n
p
u
r
p
o
se
,
th
e
te
m
p
late
m
a
tch
in
g
b
a
se
d
OCR
w
il
l
b
e
c
o
m
p
a
re
d
to
A
NN
b
a
se
d
OCR.
P
e
rfo
rm
a
n
c
e
o
f
th
e
p
ro
p
o
se
d
a
lg
o
rit
h
m
w
a
s
e
v
a
lu
a
ted
o
n
t
h
e
d
e
v
e
lo
p
e
d
M
a
lay
sia
n
n
u
m
b
e
r
p
late
s’
i
m
a
g
e
d
a
tab
a
se
c
a
p
tu
re
d
b
y
s
m
a
rt
p
h
o
n
e
’s
c
a
m
e
ra
.
R
e
su
lt
s
sh
o
w
e
d
th
a
t
t
h
e
a
c
c
u
ra
c
y
a
n
d
p
r
o
c
e
ss
in
g
ti
m
e
o
f
th
e
p
ro
p
o
se
d
a
lg
o
ri
th
m
u
sin
g
tem
p
late
m
a
tch
in
g
wa
s
9
7
.
5
%
a
n
d
1
.
1
3
se
c
o
n
d
s
,
re
sp
e
c
ti
v
e
l
y
.
O
n
th
e
o
th
e
r
h
a
n
d
,
t
h
e
trad
it
i
o
n
a
l
a
lg
o
rit
h
m
u
sin
g
tem
p
late
m
a
tch
in
g
o
n
ly
o
b
tain
e
d
8
3
.
7
%
re
c
o
g
n
it
io
n
ra
te w
it
h
0
.
9
8
se
c
o
n
d
p
ro
c
e
ss
in
g
ti
m
e
.
It
sh
o
w
s th
a
t
o
u
r
p
ro
p
o
se
d
A
NP
R
a
lg
o
rit
h
m
i
m
p
ro
v
e
d
th
e
re
c
o
g
n
it
io
n
ra
te
w
it
h
n
e
g
li
g
ib
le
a
d
d
it
io
n
a
l
p
ro
c
e
ss
in
g
ti
m
e
.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
:
An
d
r
o
id
A
N
N
A
NP
R
OC
R
T
em
p
late
Ma
tch
in
g
Co
p
y
rig
h
t
©
2
0
1
7
In
stit
u
te o
f
A
d
v
a
n
c
e
d
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
S
c
ien
c
e
.
Al
l
rig
h
ts
re
se
rv
e
d
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
T
ed
d
y
S
u
r
y
a
G
u
n
a
w
an
,
Dep
ar
t
m
en
t o
f
E
lectr
ical
an
d
C
o
m
p
u
ter
E
n
g
in
ee
r
i
n
g
,
I
n
ter
n
atio
n
al
I
s
la
m
ic
U
n
iv
er
s
it
y
Ma
la
y
s
ia,
J
alan
Go
m
b
ak
,
5
3
1
0
0
Ku
ala
L
u
m
p
u
r
,
Ma
la
y
s
ia.
E
m
ail: t
s
g
u
n
a
w
an
@
i
iu
m
.
ed
u
.
m
y
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
Du
e
to
th
e
in
cr
ea
s
i
n
g
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
v
e
h
icle
n
o
w
ad
a
y
s
,
t
h
e
m
o
d
er
n
cit
y
n
ee
d
s
to
estab
lis
h
t
h
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
an
d
ef
f
icie
n
t
a
u
to
m
a
tic
tr
af
f
ic
s
y
s
te
m
f
o
r
t
h
e
m
an
a
g
e
m
en
t
o
f
t
h
e
tr
af
f
ic
la
w
en
f
o
r
ce
m
e
n
t.
Au
to
m
a
tic
n
u
m
b
er
p
late
r
ec
o
g
n
itio
n
(
A
NP
R
)
lea
d
s
th
e
s
i
g
n
i
f
ica
n
t
r
o
l
e
in
t
h
is
co
n
d
itio
n
.
T
h
e
A
NP
R
is
an
i
m
ag
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
i
n
g
tech
n
iq
u
e
to
ex
tr
ac
t
t
h
e
i
m
ag
e
o
f
licen
s
e
p
late
o
n
v
e
h
icle
tak
en
b
y
d
ig
ita
l
ca
m
er
a
o
r
tak
en
b
y
eit
h
er
a
co
lo
r
o
r
a
g
r
a
y
s
ca
le
d
ig
ital
ca
m
er
a,
as
w
ell
a
s
an
in
f
r
ar
ed
ca
m
er
a
in
o
r
d
er
to
id
en
tify
t
h
e
v
e
h
icle
s
u
s
i
n
g
th
eir
n
u
m
b
er
p
late
th
r
o
u
g
h
o
p
tical
ch
ar
ac
ter
r
ec
o
g
n
itio
n
(
O
C
R
)
[
1
]
.
T
h
e
A
NP
R
s
y
s
te
m
r
ec
o
g
n
iz
es
ch
ar
ac
ter
s
o
n
l
icen
s
e
p
lat
e
th
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
o
f
v
ar
io
u
s
tech
n
iq
u
es
a
n
d
alg
o
r
it
h
m
s
,
i
n
clu
d
i
n
g
i
m
a
g
e
p
r
e
-
p
r
o
ce
s
s
i
n
g
,
o
b
j
ec
t
d
etec
tio
n
,
ch
ar
ac
ter
s
eg
m
en
tatio
n
a
n
d
r
ec
o
g
n
itio
n
.
I
t
co
n
s
is
t
s
o
f
a
ca
m
er
a
to
d
etec
t
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
p
late
o
b
j
ec
t
an
d
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
u
n
i
t
to
p
r
o
ce
s
s
an
d
ex
tr
ac
t
t
h
e
c
h
ar
ac
ter
s
a
n
d
i
n
ter
p
r
et
th
e
p
ix
e
ls
i
n
to
n
u
m
er
icall
y
r
ea
d
ab
le
c
h
ar
ac
ter
s
[
2
]
.
I
t
b
ec
a
m
e
m
u
ch
ex
citi
n
g
in
t
h
e
last
d
ec
ad
e
alo
n
g
w
it
h
t
h
e
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
en
t
o
f
d
ig
ital
ca
m
er
a
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
a
n
d
th
e
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
al
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
[
3
]
.
No
w
ad
a
y
s
,
t
h
e
A
NP
R
s
y
s
te
m
h
as
b
ee
n
u
s
ed
in
tr
af
f
ic
la
w
e
n
f
o
r
ce
m
e
n
t,
in
cl
u
d
i
n
g
s
p
ee
d
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
J
E
C
E
Vo
l.
7
,
No
.
4
,
A
u
g
u
s
t
2
0
1
7
:
1
9
7
3
–
1
9
8
2
1974
ca
m
er
a,
tr
af
f
ic
lig
h
t
ca
m
er
a
,
s
to
l
en
ca
r
d
etec
tio
n
,
an
d
b
o
r
d
e
r
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
.
I
t
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
a
ls
o
f
o
r
th
e
b
u
ild
in
g
m
an
a
g
e
m
e
n
t,
s
u
ch
as p
ar
k
in
g
m
an
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
an
d
g
a
te
co
n
tr
o
l
[
4
]
,
[
5
]
.
An
d
r
o
id
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
e
o
p
er
atin
g
s
y
s
te
m
(
OS)
h
as c
ap
t
u
r
ed
m
o
r
e
th
an
8
2
% o
f
t
h
e
to
tal
m
ar
k
et
-
s
h
ar
e
a
s
o
f
2
0
1
5
[
6
]
.
A
n
d
r
o
id
is
t
h
e
m
o
s
t
p
o
p
u
lar
m
o
b
ile
o
p
er
atin
g
s
y
s
te
m
d
u
e
to
it
s
o
p
en
a
r
ch
itect
u
r
e
an
d
th
e
p
o
p
u
lar
it
y
o
f
its
ap
p
licatio
n
p
r
o
g
r
am
m
i
n
g
i
n
ter
f
ac
e
(
A
P
I
s
)
in
t
h
e
d
ev
e
lo
p
er
co
m
m
u
n
it
y
.
D
u
e
to
it
s
o
p
en
s
o
u
r
ce
n
a
tu
r
e,
An
d
r
o
id
OS
ca
n
b
e
f
o
u
n
d
f
r
o
m
lo
w
en
d
d
e
v
i
ce
to
th
e
h
i
g
h
en
d
d
e
v
ice.
An
d
r
o
id
ca
n
b
e
d
iv
id
ed
in
to
r
o
u
g
h
l
y
t
h
r
ee
la
y
er
s
b
elo
w
t
h
e
ap
p
licatio
n
la
y
er
,
in
clu
d
in
g
t
h
e
ap
p
licatio
n
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
la
y
er
,
th
e
r
u
n
ti
m
e
an
d
lib
r
ar
ies
lay
er
,
an
d
th
e
k
er
n
el
la
y
er
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
A
NP
R
s
y
s
te
m
w
as
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
te
d
in
th
e
ap
p
licatio
n
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
la
y
er
.
A
lt
h
o
u
g
h
m
an
y
r
esear
c
h
es
h
av
e
b
ee
n
co
n
d
u
cted
o
n
th
e
A
NP
R
s
y
s
te
m
.
Ho
w
ev
er
,
th
e
i
m
p
le
m
en
ta
tio
n
p
lat
f
o
r
m
i
s
n
o
r
m
al
l
y
a
h
i
g
h
r
eso
lu
t
io
n
ca
m
er
a
w
it
h
h
ig
h
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
p
o
w
er
an
d
n
o
t
m
an
y
r
esear
ch
es
h
av
e
b
ee
n
co
n
d
u
c
ted
o
n
th
e
ANP
R
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
t
atio
n
o
n
t
h
e
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
e
w
it
h
lo
w
er
r
eso
lu
t
io
n
ca
m
er
a
a
n
d
lo
w
er
co
m
p
u
tin
g
p
o
w
er
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
o
b
j
ec
tiv
e
o
f
t
h
is
p
ap
er
is
to
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
A
NP
R
s
y
s
te
m
i
m
p
le
m
en
ted
o
n
An
d
r
o
id
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
e
an
d
to
ev
al
u
ate
it
s
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
i
n
r
ec
o
g
n
iz
in
g
Ma
la
y
s
ian
n
u
m
b
er
p
late.
T
h
e
d
esig
n
o
f
t
h
e
A
NP
R
s
y
s
te
m
,
i
n
clu
d
i
n
g
GUI
d
esig
n
,
p
r
o
ce
s
s
d
esig
n
,
an
d
d
atab
ase
d
esig
n
o
n
An
d
r
o
id
p
latf
o
r
m
h
as
b
ee
n
p
r
ese
n
ted
i
n
[
7
]
,
w
h
ile
t
h
is
p
ap
er
w
ill
f
o
cu
s
o
n
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
e
v
al
u
at
io
n
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
A
NP
R
s
y
s
te
m
.
T
h
e
r
est
o
f
t
h
e
p
ap
er
is
o
r
g
an
ized
as
f
o
ll
o
w
s
.
Sect
io
n
2
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
s
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
A
NP
R
s
y
s
te
m
,
w
it
h
th
e
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
o
r
en
h
an
ce
m
e
n
t
to
t
h
e
o
r
ig
i
n
al
ANP
R
al
g
o
r
ith
m
b
y
T
ess
er
ac
t
[
8
]
.
Sectio
n
3
d
is
cu
s
s
es
t
h
e
i
m
p
le
m
en
tatio
n
an
d
co
n
s
tr
u
c
tio
n
o
f
Ma
la
y
s
ia
n
n
u
m
b
er
p
late
i
m
a
g
e
d
atab
ase.
Sectio
n
4
ev
alu
a
tes
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
alg
o
r
ith
m
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
th
e
o
r
ig
in
al
alg
o
r
ith
m
[
8
]
,
w
h
ile
Sectio
n
5
co
n
clu
d
es t
h
e
p
ap
er
.
2.
P
RO
P
O
SE
D
ANP
R
A
L
G
O
RIT
H
M
T
h
e
A
NP
R
s
y
s
te
m
g
e
n
er
all
y
co
n
s
is
ted
o
f
th
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
f
i
v
e
s
ta
g
es
[
9
]
as
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
.
T
h
e
f
ir
s
t
s
tag
e
i
s
i
m
ag
e
ac
q
u
is
it
io
n
,
ca
p
tu
r
in
g
t
h
e
i
m
a
g
e
o
f
lice
n
s
e
p
late
u
s
i
n
g
a
ca
m
er
a
b
y
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
t
h
e
ca
m
er
a
r
eso
lu
tio
n
,
o
r
ien
tatio
n
,
s
h
u
tt
er
s
p
ee
d
an
d
lig
h
t.
T
h
e
s
e
co
n
d
s
tag
e
is
i
m
a
g
e
p
r
e
-
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
,
s
u
c
h
a
s
n
o
r
m
aliza
t
io
n
,
b
r
ig
h
tn
e
s
s
a
n
d
co
n
tr
ast
ad
j
u
s
t
m
en
t,
a
n
d
s
k
e
wn
es
s
co
r
r
ec
tio
n
o
f
th
e
ca
p
tu
r
e
d
im
a
g
e.
T
h
e
th
ir
d
s
tag
e
i
s
lo
ca
lizin
g
t
h
e
licen
s
e
p
late
to
ex
tr
ac
t
th
e
licen
s
e
p
late
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
w
h
o
le
v
e
h
icle
i
m
a
g
e
b
ased
o
n
s
o
m
e
f
ea
t
u
r
es,
s
u
c
h
as
th
e
b
o
u
n
d
ar
y
,
t
h
e
co
lo
r
,
o
r
th
e
p
r
ese
n
ce
o
f
t
h
e
ch
ar
ac
ter
s
.
T
h
e
f
o
u
r
th
s
ta
g
e
is
ch
ar
ac
ter
s
eg
m
e
n
tatio
n
to
s
e
g
m
e
n
t
t
h
e
ch
ar
ac
ter
s
o
n
t
h
e
licen
s
e
p
late
b
y
lo
ca
tin
g
a
n
d
id
en
tify
in
g
t
h
e
i
n
d
iv
id
u
al
ch
ar
ac
ter
o
n
th
e
lice
n
s
e
p
lat
e
i
m
ag
e.
T
h
e
f
i
n
al
s
tag
e
i
s
o
p
tical
ch
ar
ac
ter
r
ec
o
g
n
itio
n
to
r
ec
o
g
n
ize
t
h
e
s
eg
m
e
n
ted
ch
ar
ac
t
er
s
b
y
p
att
er
n
m
atch
in
g
o
r
cla
s
s
i
f
ier
s
,
s
u
ch
as
ar
ti
f
ic
ial
n
eu
r
al
n
et
wo
r
k
s
(
A
NN)
,
f
u
zz
y
lo
g
ic,
Hid
d
en
Ma
r
k
o
v
Mo
d
el
(
HM
M)
,
tem
p
late
m
atc
h
in
g
[
1
0
]
.
T
h
e
A
NP
R
s
y
s
te
m
ca
n
b
e
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
o
th
er
ap
p
licatio
n
s
o
r
d
atab
ases
to
f
u
r
th
er
en
h
a
n
ce
it
s
f
u
n
ctio
n
al
it
y
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
T
y
p
ical
ANP
R
S
y
s
te
m
.
B
ased
o
n
p
r
ev
io
u
s
d
esig
n
p
r
esen
ted
i
n
[
7
]
,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
al
g
o
r
ith
m
ca
n
b
e
ill
u
s
tr
ated
i
n
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
I
t
s
h
o
w
s
th
e
d
i
f
f
er
en
ce
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
o
r
ig
i
n
al
A
NP
R
al
g
o
r
it
h
m
d
ev
elo
p
ed
b
y
[
8
]
an
d
o
u
r
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
A
NP
R
s
y
s
te
m
.
No
te
th
at,
th
e
o
r
ig
i
n
a
l
alg
o
r
ith
m
w
a
s
d
ev
elo
p
ed
m
ain
l
y
f
o
r
o
p
tical
ch
ar
ac
ter
r
ec
o
g
n
itio
n
w
h
ic
h
ca
n
r
ec
o
g
n
ize
v
ar
io
u
s
alp
h
an
u
m
er
ic
ch
ar
ac
ter
s
.
T
h
e
in
p
u
t
i
m
a
g
e
is
ac
q
u
ir
ed
u
s
in
g
An
d
r
o
id
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
e
’
s
ca
m
er
a
w
h
ic
h
h
as
lo
w
r
e
s
o
lu
tio
n
.
T
h
e
n
o
ticea
b
le
d
if
f
er
en
ce
ca
n
b
e
f
o
u
n
d
in
t
h
e
i
m
a
g
e
p
r
ep
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
s
ta
g
e.
W
e
ad
d
s
ev
er
al
e
n
h
a
n
ce
m
en
t
s
,
in
c
lu
d
in
g
ed
g
e
e
n
h
an
ce
m
e
n
t
u
s
i
n
g
u
n
s
h
ar
p
m
a
s
k
i
n
g
,
co
lo
r
in
v
er
s
io
n
,
an
d
Ot
s
u
th
r
es
h
o
ld
in
g
w
it
h
f
r
ac
tio
n
o
f
0
.
1
.
T
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
en
t
b
y
ad
d
in
g
ad
d
itio
n
al
u
n
s
h
ar
p
m
as
k
i
n
g
an
d
co
lo
r
in
v
er
s
io
n
w
i
ll
b
e
f
u
r
t
h
e
r
ex
p
lo
r
ed
in
Sec
tio
n
4
.
Me
an
w
h
ile,
f
i
x
ed
p
itch
d
etec
tio
n
an
d
ch
o
p
p
in
g
w
a
s
u
s
ed
in
t
h
e
c
h
ar
ac
ter
s
eg
m
e
n
ta
tio
n
s
ta
g
e,
w
h
i
le
A
NN
o
r
te
m
p
late
m
atch
in
g
w
as
u
tili
ze
d
i
n
th
e
OC
R
s
ta
g
e.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
E
C
E
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
P
erfo
r
ma
n
ce
E
va
lu
a
tio
n
o
f A
u
to
ma
tic
N
u
mb
er P
la
te
R
ec
o
g
n
itio
n
o
n
A
n
d
r
o
id
….
(
Ted
d
y
S
u
r
ya
Gu
n
a
w
a
n
)
1975
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Or
ig
in
al
ANP
R
A
lg
o
r
ith
m
[
8
]
v
er
s
u
s
P
r
o
p
o
s
ed
A
lg
o
r
ith
m
.
3.
I
M
P
L
E
M
E
NT
AT
I
O
N
O
F
A
NP
R
AL
G
O
RI
T
H
M
I
n
th
i
s
s
ec
tio
n
,
th
e
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
t
atio
n
o
f
A
NP
R
al
g
o
r
ith
m
o
n
An
d
r
o
id
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
e
w
ill
b
e
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
.
First,
t
h
e
ac
tu
al
g
r
ap
h
ical
u
s
er
in
ter
f
ac
e
s
(
GUI
)
f
o
r
t
h
e
A
NP
R
s
y
s
te
m
o
n
An
d
r
o
id
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
e
w
as
co
n
s
tr
u
cted
b
a
s
ed
o
n
t
h
e
G
UI
d
esig
n
a
s
d
escr
ib
ed
in
[
7
]
.
T
h
e
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
s
p
ec
if
ica
tio
n
o
f
An
d
r
o
id
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
e
u
s
ed
w
ill
b
e
d
escr
ib
ed
.
Fin
ally
,
th
e
Ma
la
y
s
ia
n
n
u
m
b
er
p
lat
e
i
m
ag
e
d
atab
ase
w
as
co
n
s
tr
u
cted
,
in
clu
d
in
g
1
5
o
n
e
r
o
w
an
d
1
5
t
w
o
r
o
w
s
n
u
m
b
er
p
late
ty
p
es.
3
.
1
.
So
f
t
wa
re
a
nd
G
UI i
m
p
le
m
e
nta
t
io
n
Fo
r
th
e
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
i
m
p
le
m
en
ta
ti
o
n
,
th
e
L
ep
to
n
ica
lib
r
ar
y
w
il
l
b
e
u
s
ed
to
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
t
i
m
a
g
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
alg
o
r
it
h
m
[
1
1
]
,
w
h
ile
T
ess
er
a
ct
lib
r
ar
y
w
ill
b
e
u
s
ed
as
th
e
co
r
e
en
g
i
n
e
f
o
r
OC
R
[
8
]
.
L
e
p
to
n
ica
is
a
n
o
p
en
s
o
u
r
ce
C
lib
r
ar
y
w
h
ic
h
is
u
s
ef
u
l
f
o
r
ef
f
icie
n
t
i
m
a
g
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
i
n
g
a
n
d
i
m
a
g
e
an
al
y
s
i
s
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
T
h
e
lib
r
ar
y
is
d
ev
elo
p
ed
s
in
ce
2
0
0
1
b
y
a
G
o
o
g
le
e
m
p
lo
y
ee
,
Dan
B
lo
o
m
b
er
g
,
an
d
i
t
is
lice
n
s
ed
u
n
d
er
a
C
r
ea
tiv
e
C
o
m
m
o
n
s
A
ttrib
u
tio
n
3
.
0
Un
ited
State
s
L
ice
n
s
e.
Fo
r
t
h
e
p
u
r
p
o
s
ed
o
f
o
b
tain
in
g
a
b
etter
i
m
ag
e
q
u
ali
t
y
,
s
o
m
e
f
u
n
c
tio
n
o
f
L
ep
to
n
ica
lib
r
ar
y
ar
e
u
s
ed
i
n
th
is
r
esear
c
h
.
On
t
h
e
o
th
er
h
a
n
d
,
T
ess
er
ac
t
w
a
s
d
ev
elo
p
ed
b
et
w
ee
n
1
9
8
5
an
d
1
9
9
4
at
Hew
lett
P
ac
k
ar
d
L
ab
o
r
ato
r
ies
B
r
is
to
l
an
d
Hew
le
tt
P
ac
k
ar
d
C
o
,
Gr
ee
ley
C
o
lo
r
ad
o
.
I
t
ap
p
ea
r
ed
f
o
r
th
e
f
ir
s
t
ti
m
e
i
n
1
9
9
5
at
Un
i
v
er
s
i
t
y
o
f
Nev
ad
a
L
a
s
Ve
g
as
(
UN
L
V)
An
n
u
a
l
T
est
o
f
O
C
R
A
cc
u
r
ac
y
.
I
t
w
as
a
P
h
D
r
esear
ch
p
r
o
j
ec
t
c
o
n
d
u
cted
in
HP
L
ab
s
,
B
r
is
to
l,
an
d
it
h
ad
th
e
m
o
m
e
n
t
u
m
a
s
a
p
o
s
s
ib
le
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
an
d
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
ad
d
-
o
n
f
o
r
t
h
e
H
P
’
s
li
n
e
o
f
f
latb
ed
s
ca
n
n
er
s
.
Af
ter
te
n
y
ea
r
s
,
d
u
e
to
l
ac
k
in
g
a
n
y
f
u
r
t
h
er
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t,
HP
r
elea
s
ed
th
e
T
ess
er
ac
t
as
o
p
en
s
o
u
r
ce
i
n
l
ate
2
0
0
5
.
No
te
th
at,
b
o
th
L
ep
t
o
n
ica
an
d
T
ess
er
ac
t
w
er
e
n
o
t
n
at
iv
e
An
d
r
o
id
lib
r
ar
y
,
s
o
th
e
An
d
r
o
id
SDK
n
ee
d
to
b
e
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
ed
p
r
o
p
er
ly
to
u
s
e
th
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
i
n
th
e
lib
r
ar
ies.
Fo
r
th
e
GUI
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
,
th
e
ac
tu
al
A
NP
R
GUI
f
o
r
A
n
d
r
o
id
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
e
i
s
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
T
h
e
ac
tu
al
G
UI
co
n
tai
n
s
f
o
u
r
m
ai
n
m
e
n
u
s
i
n
cl
u
d
in
g
ca
m
er
a
m
e
n
u
,
m
ap
m
e
n
u
,
m
an
u
a
l
in
p
u
t
m
e
n
u
,
an
d
s
ea
r
ch
i
n
g
m
en
u
.
T
h
e
m
ai
n
p
ag
e
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
lis
t
o
f
n
u
m
b
er
p
lates
alo
n
g
w
it
h
th
e
d
a
te
tak
e
n
in
th
e
r
ig
h
t
s
id
e
o
f
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
p
late.
T
h
e
G
P
S
co
o
r
d
in
ate
is
r
elate
d
to
th
e
Go
o
g
le
m
ap
to
s
h
o
w
th
e
ac
t
u
al
lo
ca
tio
n
.
Fu
r
t
h
er
m
o
r
e,
th
er
e
is
o
n
e
s
cr
ee
n
s
h
o
t
o
f
e
m
ail
n
o
tific
atio
n
f
r
o
m
th
e
s
er
v
e
r
in
f
o
r
m
i
n
g
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
p
late
r
ec
o
g
n
ized
b
y
th
e
An
d
r
o
id
A
NP
R
s
y
s
te
m
.
No
te
th
at,
t
h
e
GUI
d
esi
g
n
,
p
r
o
ce
s
s
d
esig
n
an
d
d
atab
ase
d
esi
g
n
was
ex
p
lai
n
ed
in
[
7
]
.
T
h
e
ac
tu
al
GUI
ill
u
s
tr
ated
a
la
w
e
n
f
o
r
ce
m
e
n
t
s
ce
n
ar
io
,
wh
er
e
a
p
o
lice
ca
p
tu
r
ed
th
e
w
r
o
n
g
l
y
p
ar
k
v
eh
ic
le
n
u
m
b
er
p
late,
in
w
h
ich
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
later
o
n
s
e
n
d
s
t
h
e
n
o
ti
f
ica
tio
n
e
m
ai
l to
th
e
o
w
n
er
o
f
t
h
e
v
eh
ic
le.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
J
E
C
E
Vo
l.
7
,
No
.
4
,
A
u
g
u
s
t
2
0
1
7
:
1
9
7
3
–
1
9
8
2
1976
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
A
ct
u
al
Gr
ap
h
ical
U
s
er
I
n
ter
f
ac
e
(
GUI
)
o
f
th
e
P
r
o
p
o
s
ed
A
NP
R
S
y
s
te
m
.
3.
2.
H
a
rdw
a
re
I
m
ple
m
e
nta
t
io
n
T
h
e
A
n
d
r
o
id
m
o
b
ile
p
h
o
n
e
u
s
ed
in
t
h
is
r
e
s
ea
r
ch
i
s
Sa
m
s
u
n
g
GT
-
S5
8
3
0
k
n
o
w
n
a
s
Gala
x
y
Ace
o
r
Gala
x
y
C
o
o
p
er
w
h
ic
h
i
s
m
id
-
en
d
s
m
ar
t p
h
o
n
e
f
a
m
il
y
r
elea
s
ed
b
y
Sa
m
s
u
n
g
i
n
Feb
r
u
ar
y
2
0
1
1
.
I
t h
as 8
0
0
MH
z
1
C
o
r
e
A
R
M
v
6
o
f
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
w
it
h
2
7
8
.
3
4
MB
o
f
R
A
M.
T
h
e
s
cr
ee
n
r
eso
l
u
tio
n
is
HVG
A
(
4
8
0
x
3
2
0
)
~1
6
5
p
p
i
p
ix
el
d
en
s
it
y
a
n
d
5
m
e
g
a
p
ix
el
s
o
f
ca
m
er
a
r
eso
lu
tio
n
.
T
h
is
An
d
r
o
id
m
o
b
ile
p
h
o
n
e
m
o
d
el
i
s
i
n
s
talled
An
d
r
o
id
OS
v
er
s
io
n
2
.
3
.
T
h
e
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
t
i
n
t
h
is
r
e
s
ea
r
ch
i
s
th
e
A
n
d
r
o
id
v
er
s
io
n
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
2
.
3
o
r
later
an
d
s
h
o
u
ld
h
av
e
ca
m
er
a.
3.
3.
M
a
la
y
s
ia
n
Nu
m
ber
P
la
t
e
I
ma
g
e
Da
t
a
ba
s
e
Fo
r
th
e
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
of
th
e
r
esear
ch
,
it
r
eq
u
ir
ed
to
s
et
u
p
th
e
ex
p
er
i
m
e
n
tal
d
ata
o
f
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
p
lates
i
m
a
g
es
w
h
ich
w
er
e
tak
e
n
u
n
d
er
v
ar
io
u
s
ti
m
e
an
d
co
n
d
itio
n
.
I
n
th
is
r
esear
ch
,
th
e
i
m
ag
e
d
atab
ase
ar
e
d
iv
id
ed
in
to
t
w
o
g
r
o
u
p
s
o
f
Ma
la
y
s
ia
n
v
eh
ic
le
n
u
m
b
er
p
lates.
Firs
t
g
r
o
u
p
is
o
n
e
r
o
w
n
u
m
b
er
p
late
s
as
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
E
C
E
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
P
erfo
r
ma
n
ce
E
va
lu
a
tio
n
o
f A
u
to
ma
tic
N
u
mb
er P
la
te
R
ec
o
g
n
itio
n
o
n
A
n
d
r
o
id
….
(
Ted
d
y
S
u
r
ya
Gu
n
a
w
a
n
)
1977
Fig
u
r
e
4
(
n
u
m
b
er
1
to
1
5
)
.
Seco
n
d
g
r
o
u
p
is
t
w
o
r
o
w
s
n
u
m
b
er
p
lates
as
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
4
(
n
u
m
b
er
1
6
to
3
0
)
.
T
h
e
o
n
e
r
o
w
n
u
m
b
er
p
late
is
n
o
r
m
all
y
u
s
ed
in
ca
r
,
w
h
ile
th
e
t
w
o
r
o
w
s
n
u
m
b
er
p
late
is
n
o
r
m
all
y
u
s
ed
in
m
o
to
r
c
y
cle.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
(
a)
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
Sa
m
p
les o
f
Ma
la
y
s
ia
n
P
late
Nu
m
b
er
,
(
a)
On
e
r
o
w
(
1
to
1
5
)
,
(
b
)
T
w
o
r
o
w
s
(
1
6
to
3
0
)
.
4.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
I
n
t
h
is
s
ec
t
io
n
,
t
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
ev
al
u
atio
n
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
A
NP
R
s
y
s
te
m
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
ted
o
n
An
d
r
o
id
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
e
w
i
ll
b
e
elab
o
r
ated
.
First,
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
m
ea
s
u
r
es
w
er
e
d
is
c
u
s
s
ed
,
i
n
cl
u
d
i
n
g
th
e
ac
cu
r
ac
y
o
r
r
ec
o
g
n
itio
n
r
ate
a
n
d
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
i
n
g
ti
m
e.
Ne
x
t,
t
h
e
e
f
f
ec
t
o
f
u
n
s
h
ar
p
m
as
k
i
n
g
an
d
c
o
lo
r
in
v
er
s
io
n
w
a
s
ex
p
lo
r
ed
.
L
astl
y
,
t
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
b
et
w
ee
n
o
r
ig
in
a
l
T
ess
er
ac
t
OC
R
al
g
o
r
ith
m
an
d
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
A
NP
R
s
y
s
te
m
u
s
in
g
eit
h
er
ANN
o
r
tem
p
late
m
atc
h
i
n
g
w
a
s
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
in
m
o
r
e
d
etail
s
.
4
.
1
.
P
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
M
ea
s
ures
I
n
th
is
r
esear
c
h
,
t
h
e
m
et
h
o
d
to
m
ea
s
u
r
e
ac
c
u
r
ac
y
o
f
r
ec
o
g
n
itio
n
r
ate
i
s
b
ased
o
n
th
e
o
b
j
ec
tiv
e
ev
alu
a
tio
n
a
s
i
n
[
1
2
]
.
T
he
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
er
r
o
r
ca
n
b
e
d
ef
i
n
ed
as
th
e
to
tal
ch
ar
ac
ter
s
to
b
e
r
ec
o
g
n
ized
s
u
b
tr
ac
ted
w
it
h
t
h
e
ch
ar
ac
ter
s
t
h
at
d
o
n
o
t
m
atc
h
w
it
h
t
h
e
co
r
r
ec
t
ch
ar
ac
ter
o
r
o
r
ig
in
al
ch
ar
ac
ter
,
s
u
ch
a
s
ch
ar
ac
ter
in
s
er
tio
n
,
d
eletio
n
a
n
d
s
u
b
s
t
it
u
tio
n
.
I
f
t
h
er
e
ar
e
n
to
tal
c
h
ar
a
cter
s
to
b
e
r
ec
o
g
n
ized
,
t
h
e
n
t
h
e
ac
cu
r
ac
y
is
s
tated
as
[
1
2
]
:
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
J
E
C
E
Vo
l.
7
,
No
.
4
,
A
u
g
u
s
t
2
0
1
7
:
1
9
7
3
–
1
9
8
2
1978
%
100
#
n
e
rr
o
rs
n
A
c
c
u
ra
c
y
(
1
)
T
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
ti
m
e
i
n
m
illi
s
ec
o
n
d
w
a
s
also
r
ec
o
r
d
ed
in
o
u
r
ex
p
er
i
m
e
n
t
s
.
A
d
d
itio
n
al
c
o
m
p
le
x
it
y
w
il
l b
e
j
u
s
tif
ied
i
f
t
h
e
ad
d
itio
n
al
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
al
ti
m
e
is
n
eg
l
i
g
ib
le.
4
.
2.
T
he
E
f
f
ec
t
o
f
Uns
ha
rp
M
a
s
kin
g
a
nd
Co
lo
r
I
nv
er
s
io
n
As
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
2
,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
A
NP
R
s
y
s
te
m
i
n
clu
d
es
ad
d
itio
n
al
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
,
i
n
cl
u
d
in
g
ed
g
e
en
h
a
n
ce
m
en
t
(
u
n
s
h
ar
p
m
as
k
i
n
g
)
an
d
co
lo
r
in
v
er
s
io
n
(
n
e
g
ati
v
e
i
m
ag
e)
.
U
n
s
h
ar
p
m
as
k
i
n
g
w
a
s
u
s
ed
to
s
h
ar
p
e
n
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
p
late
i
m
ag
e,
w
h
ile
th
e
co
lo
r
in
v
er
s
io
n
w
as
u
s
ed
to
r
ev
er
s
e
th
e
co
lo
r
o
f
alp
h
an
u
m
er
ica
l
ch
ar
ac
ter
s
w
it
h
it
s
b
ac
k
g
r
o
u
n
d
.
B
o
th
al
g
o
r
ith
m
s
r
ed
u
ce
s
o
m
e
n
o
is
e
s
p
r
o
d
u
ce
s
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
i
m
a
g
e
ac
q
u
is
i
tio
n
s
tep
s
o
th
at
it
w
i
ll
b
e
b
etter
r
ec
o
g
n
ized
b
y
th
e
n
e
x
t
s
ta
g
e.
F
u
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
th
e
Ots
u
m
eth
o
d
w
as
s
e
t
w
it
h
f
r
ac
tio
n
p
ar
a
m
ete
r
v
alu
e
o
f
0
.
1
.
Fo
r
th
e
test
in
g
p
u
r
p
o
s
es,
te
m
p
late
m
atc
h
i
n
g
alg
o
r
ith
m
w
as
u
t
ilized
in
th
e
O
C
R
s
ta
g
e.
T
ab
le
1
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
r
esu
lts
i
n
ter
m
s
o
f
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
ti
m
e
(
m
s
)
an
d
ac
cu
r
ac
y
(
%)
f
o
r
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
A
NP
R
s
y
s
te
m
w
i
th
o
u
t
u
n
s
h
ar
p
m
as
k
in
g
,
w
it
h
o
u
t c
o
l
o
r
in
v
er
s
io
n
,
a
n
d
w
ith
o
u
t b
o
th
u
n
s
h
ar
p
m
a
s
k
in
g
an
d
co
lo
r
in
v
er
s
io
n
.
T
ab
le
1
.
T
h
e
E
f
f
ec
t o
f
U
n
s
h
ar
p
Ma
s
k
i
n
g
a
n
d
C
o
lo
r
I
n
v
er
s
io
n
to
th
e
A
cc
u
r
ac
y
a
n
d
P
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
T
i
m
e
No
N
u
mb
e
r
P
l
a
t
e
W
i
t
h
o
u
t
U
n
s
h
a
r
p
M
a
s
k
i
n
g
Wi
t
h
o
u
t
C
o
l
o
r
I
n
v
e
r
si
o
n
W
i
t
h
o
u
t
U
n
s
h
a
r
p
M
a
s
k
i
n
g
a
n
d
C
o
l
o
r
I
n
v
e
r
si
o
n
O
u
t
p
u
t
T
i
me
(
ms)
A
c
c
.
(
%)
O
u
t
p
u
t
T
i
me
(
ms)
A
c
c
.
(
%)
O
u
t
p
u
t
T
i
me
(
ms)
A
c
c
.
(
%)
1
W
A
X
5
7
3
9
W
A
X
5
7
3
S
1
5
1
2
5
7
.
1
-
8
8
7
0
.
0
X
5
7
3
9
9
7
2
7
1
.
4
2
P
D
G
7
6
2
8
P
U
G
7
6
2
8
8
0
9
8
5
.
7
X
D
G
JEB
B
1
0
4
3
2
8
.
6
ED
S
7
6
9
3
4
4
2
.
9
3
B
F
P
2
5
6
9
B
F
P
2
5
6
9
6
4
7
1
0
0
.
0
B
F
P
2
5
6
9
7
0
6
1
0
0
.
0
B
F
P
2
5
6
9
7
6
6
1
0
0
.
0
4
W
G
A
2
7
6
1
W
G
A
2
7
8
1
1
0
0
8
8
5
.
7
V
I
G
A
2
7
6
1
7
7
0
8
5
.
7
V
I
G
A
2
7
6
1
8
4
4
8
5
.
7
5
M
A
H
8
0
1
5
M
A
H
8
0
1
5
8
7
8
1
0
0
.
0
R
A
I
N
B
O
W
S
1
3
9
7
1
4
.
3
M
I
N
EM
S
1
0
0
1
1
4
.
3
6
M
C
H
9
2
9
M
C
H
9
2
9
7
1
1
1
0
0
.
0
M
0
3
9
2
9
1
3
2
4
6
6
.
7
N
O
I
S
ES
1
1
4
3
0
.
0
7
W
R
F
5
8
5
1
W
R
F
5
8
5
1
7
6
8
1
0
0
.
0
V
M
A
7
4
1
0
.
0
V
M
A
8
8
8
0
.
0
8
C
B
S
1
3
0
0
C
B
S
1
3
0
0
9
4
3
1
0
0
.
0
C
B
S
1
3
0
1
2
3
7
8
5
.
7
C
B
S
1
3
0
5
1
0
9
8
8
5
.
7
9
M
A
P
5
3
8
4
H
A
P
5
3
8
4
8
6
5
8
5
.
7
M
A
P
5
3
8
7
1
8
0
3
8
5
.
7
M
A
P
5
3
8
I
7
7
7
1
0
0
.
0
10
W
N
M
3
4
4
W
N
M
3
M
7
9
6
6
6
.
7
W
N
M
3
4
4
8
2
2
1
0
0
.
0
W
N
M
3
4
4
8
7
2
1
0
0
.
0
11
C
B
T
4
4
6
5
C
B
T
4
4
6
5
9
2
8
1
0
0
.
0
C
B
T
4
4
6
5
1
2
3
3
1
0
0
.
0
C
B
T
4
4
6
5
2
2
2
8
1
0
0
.
0
12
W
V
V
7
0
5
4
W
V
V
7
0
5
4
8
3
3
1
0
0
.
0
W
V
V
7
0
5
4
1
0
2
1
1
0
0
.
0
W
V
V
I
R
O
S
A
8
6
8
4
2
.
9
13
M
B
G
1
2
7
M
B
G
1
2
7
7
5
3
1
0
0
.
0
M
B
1
2
7
3
3
1
9
8
3
.
3
M
3
6
1
2
7
2
1
8
7
6
6
.
7
14
W
G
Q
6
4
6
4
W
G
Q
6
4
6
4
1
0
6
8
1
0
0
.
0
W
G
Q
V
6
L
L
6
4
1
5
9
2
7
1
.
4
W
G
Q
6
4
6
4
1
0
3
3
1
0
0
.
0
15
W
U
T
4
2
5
1
N
U
T
4
2
5
1
1
2
3
7
8
5
.
7
I
L
U
T
4
2
5
1
1
0
4
8
8
5
.
7
I
N
N
4
2
5
1
1
1
0
3
5
7
.
1
16
B
JW
3
2
3
6
B
JW
3
2
2
E
1
6
3
5
7
1
.
4
2
2
3
8
I
1
1
7
2
0
.
0
-
5
7
2
0
.
0
17
W
G
Q
7
9
2
1
W
G
Q
7
9
2
1
1
2
7
1
1
0
0
.
0
W
G
Q
7
9
2
1
9
4
0
1
0
0
.
0
W
G
Q
7
9
2
1
8
9
1
1
0
0
.
0
18
K
C
M
4
3
0
3
K
C
M
4
3
0
3
9
9
2
1
0
0
.
0
K
C
M
A
4
3
0
3
1
5
6
0
1
0
0
.
0
K
C
N
4
3
0
3
8
6
8
8
5
.
7
19
W
P
M
9
6
0
5
W
P
M
9
6
0
5
9
2
7
1
0
0
.
0
W
P
M
5
4
5
4
2
.
9
W
P
M
6
2
5
4
2
.
9
20
P
K
A
4
2
2
0
P
K
A
4
2
2
0
7
6
2
1
0
0
.
0
P
K
A
4
2
2
0
9
4
6
1
0
0
.
0
P
K
A
4
2
2
0
1
4
6
2
1
0
0
.
0
21
B
EN
3
6
8
8
B
EN
T
3
6
8
8
8
2
0
1
0
0
.
0
B
EN
Y
3
6
8
8
7
2
3
8
5
.
7
B
EN
Y
3
6
8
8
7
0
4
8
5
.
7
22
D
B
P
8
7
5
7
D
B
P
8
7
5
7
1
0
2
5
1
0
0
.
0
-
4
8
1
0
.
0
N
A
P
B
7
5
7
8
9
6
5
7
.
1
23
W
D
G
2
9
2
W
D
C
I
1
2
9
2
1
3
5
5
6
6
.
7
TF
N
N
C
I
1
2
9
2
1
0
5
5
5
0
.
0
I
N
C
I
1
2
9
2
1
0
1
2
5
0
.
0
24
W
D
B
6
3
0
6
W
D
B
6
3
0
6
7
7
8
1
0
0
.
0
7
W
D
B
E3
0
6
1
3
0
9
8
5
.
7
-
4
6
8
0
.
0
25
W
P
N
1
6
7
4
W
P
N
1
6
7
4
8
0
4
1
0
0
.
0
-
4
6
2
0
.
0
-
4
4
5
0
.
0
26
W
G
F
8
4
5
9
W
G
F
8
4
5
9
1
1
0
9
1
0
0
.
0
W
G
F
E4
5
9
1
0
6
0
5
7
.
1
W
EE4
5
9
1
3
4
3
5
7
.
1
27
W
N
X
7
8
9
5
W
N
X
7
8
9
5
7
1
6
1
0
0
.
0
-
4
6
6
0
.
0
-
4
4
2
0
.
0
28
A
F
W
7
4
8
0
A
W
1
4
8
0
1
2
2
9
7
1
.
4
A
F
N
7
4
8
0
8
2
5
8
5
.
7
A
F
V
7
4
8
0
8
0
6
8
5
.
7
29
A
B
S
1
5
4
4
A
B
S
1
5
4
4
8
7
0
1
0
0
.
0
A
B
S
1
5
4
4
8
5
6
1
0
0
.
0
A
B
S
1
5
4
4
6
9
4
1
0
0
.
0
30
W
W
W
8
9
4
6
8
9
4
6
7
5
1
5
7
.
1
-
4
7
6
0
.
0
-
4
4
8
0
.
0
A
v
e
r
a
g
e
9
6
0
9
1
.
1
1
0
2
7
6
0
.
5
9
4
6
5
7
.
7
T
ab
le
1
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
at
t
h
e
a
v
er
ag
e
ac
cu
r
ac
y
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
A
NP
R
s
y
s
te
m
w
i
th
o
u
t
u
n
s
h
ar
p
m
a
s
k
i
n
g
,
w
it
h
o
u
t
co
lo
r
in
v
er
s
io
n
,
a
n
d
w
it
h
o
u
t
b
o
th
al
g
o
r
ith
m
s
ar
e
9
1
.
1
%
,
6
0
.
5
%,
an
d
5
7
.
7
%,
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
ti
m
e
f
o
r
ea
c
h
s
ce
n
ar
io
ar
e
9
6
0
,
1
0
2
7
,
an
d
9
4
6
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
No
te
t
h
at,
t
h
e
ac
cu
r
ac
y
a
n
d
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
t
i
m
e
f
o
r
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
A
NP
R
s
y
s
te
m
w
it
h
t
e
m
p
late
m
a
tch
i
n
g
ar
e
9
7
.
5
%
an
d
1
1
3
6
.
5
m
s
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
,
a
s
w
il
l
b
e
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
later
in
T
ab
le
5
.
T
h
e
r
e
s
u
lt
s
s
h
o
w
ed
th
at
u
n
s
h
ar
p
m
ask
i
n
g
h
a
s
p
o
s
iti
v
e
ef
f
ec
t
a
n
d
th
e
co
lo
r
in
v
er
s
io
n
h
as
s
i
g
n
i
f
ica
n
t
e
f
f
ec
t
o
n
t
h
e
ac
c
u
r
ac
y
,
w
h
ile
ad
d
i
n
g
n
eg
li
g
ib
le
ad
d
itio
n
al
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
ti
m
e.
I
t
ca
n
b
e
c
o
n
clu
d
ed
th
at
th
e
co
m
b
in
at
io
n
o
f
b
o
th
u
n
s
h
ar
p
m
as
k
i
n
g
a
n
d
co
lo
r
in
v
er
s
i
o
n
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
h
a
v
e
s
i
g
n
if
ica
n
t c
o
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
to
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
A
N
P
R
s
y
s
te
m
.
4
.3
.
P
er
f
o
r
m
a
nce
o
f
ANP
R
Alg
o
rit
h
m
s
w
it
h AN
N
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
E
C
E
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
P
erfo
r
ma
n
ce
E
va
lu
a
tio
n
o
f A
u
to
ma
tic
N
u
mb
er P
la
te
R
ec
o
g
n
itio
n
o
n
A
n
d
r
o
id
….
(
Ted
d
y
S
u
r
ya
Gu
n
a
w
a
n
)
1979
I
n
t
h
is
s
ec
tio
n
,
t
h
e
o
r
ig
i
n
al
al
g
o
r
ith
m
u
s
ed
th
e
d
ef
a
u
lt
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
in
T
ess
er
ac
t
lib
r
ar
y
[
8
]
w
i
th
o
u
t
m
o
d
i
f
icat
io
n
,
o
p
ti
m
izatio
n
,
o
r
in
clu
s
io
n
o
f
ad
d
itio
n
al
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
(
s
ee
Fi
g
u
r
e
2
)
.
B
o
th
th
e
o
r
ig
in
al
al
g
o
r
ith
m
an
d
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
A
NP
R
s
y
s
te
m
u
s
ed
A
NN
i
n
th
e
O
C
R
s
ta
g
e.
T
ab
le
2
s
h
o
w
s
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
co
m
p
ar
i
s
o
n
b
et
w
ee
n
o
r
ig
in
al
A
NP
R
alg
o
r
ith
m
w
it
h
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
ANP
R
s
y
s
te
m
f
o
r
b
o
th
o
n
e
r
o
w
a
n
d
t
w
o
r
o
w
s
Ma
la
y
s
ia
n
n
u
m
b
er
p
late,
in
ter
m
s
o
f
ac
cu
r
ac
y
a
n
d
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
ti
m
e.
T
ab
le
2
.
A
cc
u
r
ac
y
a
n
d
P
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
T
i
m
e
o
f
A
NP
R
A
l
g
o
r
ith
m
s
u
s
i
n
g
A
NN
f
o
r
On
e
R
o
w
(1
-
1
5
)
an
d
T
w
o
R
o
w
s
(
1
6
-
30)
Ma
lay
s
ia
n
Nu
m
b
er
P
lates
No
N
u
mb
e
r
P
l
a
t
e
O
r
i
g
i
n
a
l
T
e
sse
r
a
c
t
A
l
g
o
r
i
t
h
m
P
r
o
p
o
se
d
A
N
P
R
A
l
g
o
r
i
t
h
m
O
u
t
p
u
t
T
i
me
(
ms)
A
c
c
.
(
%)
O
u
t
p
u
t
T
i
me
(
ms)
A
c
c
.
(
%)
1
W
A
X
5
7
3
9
-
3
8
2
0
6
0
.
0
T
TH
Y
5
7
3
9
4
1
3
4
1
5
7
.
1
2
P
D
G
7
6
2
8
-
3
7
1
8
4
0
.
0
P
O
L
L
7
8
2
8
5
9
1
6
8
5
7
.
1
3
B
F
P
2
5
6
9
B
F
P
2
5
6
9
5
0
4
9
5
1
0
0
.
0
B
F
2
5
6
9
5
2
2
1
3
8
5
.
7
4
W
G
A
2
7
6
1
H
2
7
6
F
3
8
6
2
5
4
2
.
9
TI
3
1
2
7
8
1
3
9
8
7
2
4
2
.
9
5
M
A
H
8
0
1
5
L
L
8
0
1
5
4
9
5
7
8
5
7
.
1
1
K
H
L
L
8
0
1
5
4
4
1
0
2
7
1
.
4
6
M
C
H
9
2
9
K
LL
9
2
9
4
6
8
0
9
5
0
.
0
L
L
0
H
L
9
2
9
6
3
9
2
1
6
6
.
7
7
W
R
F
5
8
5
1
I
T
I
ER
5
8
5
N
4
8
2
8
3
4
2
.
9
W
F
5
8
5
1
3
9
0
7
3
8
5
.
7
8
C
B
S
1
3
0
0
C
T
S
1
3
0
0
5
2
3
4
3
8
5
.
7
C
8
9
1
3
0
0
5
0
8
3
9
7
1
.
4
9
M
A
P
5
3
8
4
LI
H
P
5
3
8
D
4
9
8
8
7
5
7
.
1
H
H
5
3
8
4
5
5
8
2
2
5
7
.
1
10
W
N
M
3
4
4
L
L
M
D
4
2
9
0
1
0
.
0
TI
N
I
4
3
TL
4
3
7
1
3
4
5
0
.
0
11
C
B
T
4
4
6
5
C
B
T
M
T
H
4
0
8
5
8
4
2
.
9
C
B
T
4
4
8
5
5
1
1
1
2
1
0
0
.
0
12
W
V
V
7
0
5
4
TI
L
L
Y
7
0
5
4
5
0
5
1
5
5
7
.
1
TI
L
LL
7
0
5
4
4
5
4
0
4
5
7
.
1
13
M
B
G
1
2
7
TI
I
B
T
I
T
2
7
4
3
7
8
1
5
0
.
0
T
T
I
I
Y
I
T
2
7
5
1
2
3
7
3
3
.
3
14
W
G
Q
6
4
6
4
M
3
0
T
M
6
4
5
2
5
0
8
2
8
.
6
T
T
I
M
I
Y
L
6
4
5
2
5
0
0
2
8
.
6
15
W
U
T
4
2
5
1
TI
T
R
R
TL
2
5
F
4
9
8
0
3
4
2
.
9
J
I
I
TY
F
6
2
5
F
4
1
3
1
6
2
8
.
6
A
v
e
r
a
g
e
4
6
1
1
8
.
4
4
3
.
8
4
8
3
3
6
.
9
5
9
.
5
16
B
JW
3
2
3
6
B
J
I
F
L
W
3
T
3
T
I
TT
5
9
3
4
0
5
7
.
1
B
D
L
F
I
3
F
3
T
5
4
7
6
9
4
2
.
9
17
W
G
Q
7
9
2
1
I
LI
A
7
9
2
1
4
2
5
1
5
5
7
.
1
I
L
A
L
7
9
2
1
4
6
8
9
0
5
7
.
1
18
K
C
M
4
3
0
3
K
C
W
D
3
0
3
5
7
3
8
6
5
7
.
1
K
C
M
W
D
3
F
Y
3
5
8
6
0
6
7
1
.
4
19
W
P
M
9
6
0
5
R
P
M
TI
E
I
X
I
6
0
9
9
2
2
8
.
6
G
L
P
M
S
6
C
E
6
8
9
5
9
2
8
.
6
20
P
K
A
4
2
2
0
P
K
A
J
T
2
2
0
5
2
9
2
9
8
5
.
7
P
K
A
D
2
2
0
6
1
2
3
3
8
5
.
7
21
B
EN
3
6
8
8
B
EN
3
6
8
8
4
5
0
5
1
1
0
0
.
0
B
EN
3
6
8
8
5
7
6
5
0
1
0
0
.
0
22
D
B
P
8
7
5
7
I
ER
R
8
7
5
7
5
9
6
5
9
5
7
.
1
B
B
8
7
5
7
5
0
5
6
5
7
1
.
4
23
W
D
G
2
9
2
J
L
I
L
T
I
I
J9
2
5
7
4
3
2
3
3
.
3
V
L
L
LLL
TT
2
9
2
6
4
4
3
4
5
0
.
0
24
W
D
B
6
3
0
6
I
LL
0
B
6
3
0
6
5
2
4
6
4
7
1
.
4
L
LL
D
B
6
3
0
6
7
3
6
4
4
8
5
.
7
25
W
P
N
1
6
7
4
1
EPRT
1
6
7
4
5
4
3
4
6
7
1
.
4
G
G
D
N
1
6
7
D
7
1
6
3
7
5
7
.
1
26
W
G
F
8
4
5
9
H
ET
Y
R
JEE
5
6
9
2
0
0
.
0
F
R
3
F
B
D
5
9
6
5
9
0
2
4
2
.
9
27
W
N
X
7
8
9
5
L
LI
N
X
7
8
9
5
4
2
5
1
4
7
1
.
4
1
L
L
N
X
7
8
9
5
4
9
9
3
1
8
5
.
7
28
A
F
W
7
4
8
0
O
H
F
LLI
M
M
5
3
3
0
2
1
4
.
3
R
H
F
L
L
R
7
4
8
0
5
6
5
9
8
7
1
.
4
29
A
B
S
1
5
4
4
A
B
S
I
S
D
D
4
9
2
5
5
4
2
.
9
H
B
S
1
5
D
D
5
4
6
6
9
5
7
.
1
30
W
W
W
8
9
4
6
1
L
LL
H
I
L
B
9
D
6
6
7
6
1
1
2
8
.
6
1
L
LL
LLL
L
EB
9
D
6
5
8
5
5
1
2
8
.
6
A
v
e
r
a
g
e
5
4
1
1
4
.
4
5
1
.
8
5
9
6
0
2
.
5
6
2
.
4
I
t
is
n
o
ted
th
at
t
h
e
r
es
u
lt
f
o
r
o
n
e
r
o
w
n
u
m
b
er
p
lates
w
as
s
ig
n
i
f
ican
tl
y
d
i
f
f
er
en
t
to
t
w
o
r
o
w
s
n
u
m
b
e
r
p
lates
as
ca
n
b
e
s
ee
n
i
n
T
ab
le
2
.
I
t
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
at
t
h
e
ac
cu
r
ac
y
f
o
r
t
w
o
r
o
w
s
w
a
s
b
etter
th
a
n
o
n
e
r
o
w
n
u
m
b
er
p
late
,
in
w
h
ic
h
t
h
e
s
co
r
e
w
a
s
51.
8
%
co
m
p
ar
e
to
4
3
.
8
%.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
i
n
g
t
i
m
e
o
f
t
w
o
r
o
w
s
n
u
m
b
er
p
late
is
lo
n
g
er
th
a
n
o
n
e
r
o
w
n
u
m
b
er
p
lates,
i.e
.
5
4
.
1
s
ec
o
n
d
s
an
d
4
6
.
1
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
A
NP
R
s
y
s
te
m
s
h
o
w
s
s
i
m
ilar
r
es
u
lts
,
in
w
h
ich
t
h
e
ac
cu
r
ac
y
is
6
2
.
4
an
d
5
9
.
5
f
o
r
t
w
o
r
o
w
s
a
n
d
o
n
e
r
o
w
n
u
m
b
er
p
lates,
w
h
ile
t
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
ti
m
e
is
5
9
.
6
an
d
4
8
.
3
s
ec
o
n
d
s
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
T
ab
le
3
.
C
o
m
p
ar
is
o
n
b
et
w
ee
n
Or
ig
i
n
al
A
NP
R
A
l
g
o
r
ith
m
an
d
P
r
o
p
o
s
ed
A
lg
o
r
ith
m
u
s
i
n
g
ANN
N
u
mb
e
r
P
l
a
t
e
O
r
i
g
i
n
a
l
T
e
sse
r
a
c
t
A
l
g
o
r
i
t
h
m
P
r
o
p
o
se
d
A
N
P
R
A
l
g
o
r
i
t
h
m
A
c
c
u
r
a
c
y
(
%)
P
r
o
c
e
ssi
n
g
T
i
me
(
ms)
A
c
c
u
r
a
c
y
(
%)
P
r
o
c
e
ssi
n
g
T
i
me
(
ms)
O
n
e
R
o
w
4
3
.
8
4
6
1
1
8
.
4
5
9
.
5
4
8
3
3
6
.
9
Tw
o
R
o
w
s
5
1
.
8
5
4
1
1
4
.
4
6
2
.
4
5
9
6
0
2
.
5
A
v
e
r
a
g
e
4
7
.
8
5
0
1
1
6
.
4
6
1
.
0
5
3
9
6
9
.
7
T
ab
le
3
f
o
cu
s
es
o
n
t
h
e
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
b
et
w
ee
n
th
e
o
r
ig
i
n
al
alg
o
r
ith
m
an
d
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
al
g
o
r
ith
m
i
n
ter
m
s
o
f
ac
c
u
r
ac
y
a
n
d
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
ti
m
e.
O
n
a
v
er
ag
e,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
A
NP
R
alg
o
r
it
h
m
i
n
cr
ea
s
ed
th
e
ac
c
u
r
ac
y
b
y
1
3
.
2
% w
h
ile
ad
d
itio
n
al
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
ti
m
e
is
o
n
l
y
i
n
cr
ea
s
ed
b
y
7
.
7
%.
4
.
4.
P
er
f
o
r
m
a
nce
o
f
ANP
R
Alg
o
rit
h
m
s
w
it
h T
e
m
p
la
t
e
M
a
t
c
hin
g
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
J
E
C
E
Vo
l.
7
,
No
.
4
,
A
u
g
u
s
t
2
0
1
7
:
1
9
7
3
–
1
9
8
2
1980
I
n
th
is
s
ec
tio
n
,
th
e
o
r
ig
i
n
al
u
s
ed
th
e
d
ef
au
lt
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
i
n
T
ess
er
ac
t
lib
r
ar
y
[
8
]
w
it
h
o
u
t
m
o
d
if
icatio
n
,
o
p
tim
izatio
n
,
o
r
i
n
clu
s
io
n
o
f
ad
d
itio
n
al
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
(
s
ee
Fig
u
r
e
2
)
.
B
o
th
th
e
o
r
ig
i
n
al
a
lg
o
r
ith
m
an
d
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
A
NP
R
s
y
s
te
m
u
s
ed
T
em
p
lat
e
Ma
tch
in
g
in
t
h
e
OC
R
s
tag
e.
T
ab
le
4
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
co
m
p
ar
i
s
o
n
b
et
w
ee
n
o
r
ig
in
al
A
NP
R
alg
o
r
ith
m
w
it
h
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
ANP
R
s
y
s
te
m
f
o
r
b
o
th
o
n
e
r
o
w
a
n
d
t
w
o
r
o
w
s
Ma
la
y
s
ia
n
n
u
m
b
er
p
late,
in
ter
m
s
o
f
ac
cu
r
ac
y
a
n
d
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
ti
m
e.
T
ab
le
4
.
A
cc
u
r
ac
y
a
n
d
P
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
T
i
m
e
o
f
A
NP
R
A
l
g
o
r
ith
m
s
u
s
i
n
g
T
em
p
late
Ma
tc
h
i
n
g
f
o
r
On
e
R
o
w
(1
-
1
5
)
an
d
T
w
o
R
o
w
s
(
1
6
-
30)
Ma
la
y
s
ian
N
u
m
b
er
P
lates
No
N
u
mb
e
r
P
l
a
t
e
O
r
i
g
i
n
a
l
T
e
sse
r
a
c
t
A
l
g
o
r
i
t
h
m
P
r
o
p
o
se
d
A
l
g
o
r
i
t
h
m
O
u
t
p
u
t
T
i
me
(
ms)
Rate
(
%)
O
u
t
p
u
t
T
i
me
(
ms)
Rate
(
%)
1
W
A
X
5
7
3
9
-
1
1
2
1
0
.
0
W
A
X
5
7
3
9
9
6
0
1
0
0
.
0
2
P
D
G
7
6
2
8
-
5
3
8
0
.
0
P
D
G
7
6
2
8
7
8
6
1
0
0
.
0
3
B
F
P
2
5
6
9
B
F
P
2
5
6
9
6
9
6
1
0
0
.
0
B
F
P
2
5
6
9
7
5
4
1
0
0
.
0
4
W
G
A
2
7
6
1
V
I
G
A
2
7
6
1
3
2
1
9
8
5
.
7
W
G
A
2
7
6
1
1
1
2
0
1
0
0
.
0
5
M
A
H
8
0
1
5
M
A
H
8
0
1
5
8
3
0
1
0
0
.
0
M
A
H
8
0
1
5
9
9
6
1
0
0
.
0
6
M
C
H
9
2
9
M
C
H
S
2
9
1
2
6
3
8
3
.
3
M
C
H
9
2
9
9
5
4
1
0
0
.
0
7
W
R
F
5
8
5
1
W
K
S
S
1
0
7
1
1
4
.
3
W
R
F
5
8
5
1
9
0
4
1
0
0
.
0
8
C
B
S
1
3
0
0
C
B
S
1
2
0
6
1
0
1
6
7
1
.
4
C
B
S
I
3
0
0
9
7
2
8
5
.
7
9
M
A
P
5
3
8
4
M
A
P
5
3
8
2
8
0
5
1
0
0
.
0
H
A
P
5
3
8
4
9
0
8
8
5
.
7
10
W
N
M
3
4
4
W
N
M
3
4
4
8
1
2
1
0
0
.
0
W
N
M
3
4
4
8
8
8
1
0
0
.
0
11
C
B
T
4
4
6
5
C
B
T
4
4
6
5
8
4
8
1
0
0
.
0
C
B
T
4
4
6
5
9
8
8
1
0
0
.
0
12
W
V
V
7
0
5
4
W
V
V
7
0
5
4
7
3
2
1
0
0
.
0
W
V
V
7
0
5
4
1
1
5
7
1
0
0
.
0
13
M
B
G
1
2
7
M
B
G
1
2
7
6
7
9
1
0
0
.
0
M
B
G
1
2
7
1
7
6
5
1
0
0
.
0
14
W
G
Q
6
4
6
4
W
G
Q
6
4
6
4
1
0
5
9
1
0
0
.
0
W
G
Q
6
4
6
4
1
3
3
2
1
0
0
.
0
15
W
U
T
4
2
5
1
U
T
4
2
5
1
8
3
7
8
5
.
7
W
U
T
4
2
5
1
1
3
5
1
1
0
0
.
0
A
v
e
r
a
g
e
1
0
3
5
.
1
7
6
.
0
1
0
5
5
.
7
9
8
.
1
16
B
JW
3
2
3
6
B
JW
F
3
2
3
S
1
4
5
4
8
5
.
7
B
JW
3
2
2
G
1
5
8
5
1
0
0
.
0
17
W
G
Q
7
9
2
1
W
G
Q
7
9
2
1
9
6
3
1
0
0
.
0
W
G
Q
7
9
2
1
1
3
2
7
1
0
0
.
0
18
K
C
M
4
3
0
3
K
C
M
4
3
0
3
8
8
3
1
0
0
.
0
K
C
M
4
3
0
3
1
1
3
1
1
0
0
.
0
19
W
P
M
9
6
0
5
W
P
M
9
8
0
5
8
1
1
8
5
.
7
W
P
M
9
6
0
5
1
0
2
3
1
0
0
.
0
20
P
K
A
4
2
2
0
P
K
A
4
2
2
0
6
6
8
1
0
0
.
0
P
K
A
4
2
2
0
1
0
8
2
1
0
0
.
0
21
B
EN
3
6
8
8
B
EN
Y
3
6
8
8
7
7
2
8
5
.
7
B
EN
3
6
8
8
1
3
1
5
1
0
0
.
0
22
D
B
P
8
7
5
7
D
B
P
8
7
5
7
8
6
2
1
0
0
.
0
D
B
P
8
7
5
7
9
1
4
1
0
0
.
0
23
W
D
G
2
9
2
J
I
I
D
G
I
1
2
9
2
1
0
3
4
8
3
.
3
1
F
W
D
C
I
1
2
9
2
1
2
3
0
6
6
.
6
24
W
D
B
6
3
0
6
W
D
B
6
3
0
6
8
7
1
1
0
0
.
0
W
D
B
6
3
0
6
1
1
3
1
1
0
0
.
0
25
W
P
N
1
6
7
4
Q
W
P
N
1
6
7
4
1
1
8
9
8
5
.
7
W
P
N
1
6
7
4
1
4
3
5
1
0
0
.
0
26
W
G
F
8
4
5
9
W
S
F
JE4
5
9
1
2
6
5
7
1
.
4
W
G
F
8
4
5
9
1
3
0
4
1
0
0
.
0
27
W
N
X
7
8
9
5
N
N
X
7
8
9
5
6
3
2
8
5
.
7
W
N
X
7
8
9
5
8
9
0
1
0
0
.
0
28
A
F
W
7
4
8
0
A
F
W
7
4
8
0
8
1
6
1
0
0
.
0
A
F
W
1
4
8
0
1
8
2
5
8
5
.
7
29
A
B
S
1
5
4
4
A
B
S
1
5
4
4
7
3
6
1
0
0
.
0
A
B
S
1
5
4
4
9
2
2
1
0
0
.
0
30
W
W
W
8
9
4
6
Q
W
W
W
8
9
4
6
7
9
0
8
5
.
7
W
W
W
8
9
4
6
1
1
4
5
1
0
0
.
0
A
v
e
r
a
g
e
9
1
6
.
4
9
1
.
3
1
2
1
7
.
3
9
6
.
8
I
t
is
n
o
ted
th
at
t
h
e
r
es
u
lt
f
o
r
o
n
e
r
o
w
n
u
m
b
er
p
lates
w
as
s
ig
n
i
f
ican
tl
y
d
i
f
f
er
en
t
to
t
w
o
r
o
w
s
n
u
m
b
e
r
p
lates
f
o
r
o
r
ig
in
al
alg
o
r
it
h
m
as
ca
n
b
e
s
ee
n
in
T
ab
le
4
.
I
t
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
at
th
e
ac
c
u
r
ac
y
f
o
r
t
w
o
r
o
w
s
w
a
s
b
etter
th
an
o
n
e
r
o
w
n
u
m
b
er
p
late
,
in
w
h
ich
t
h
e
s
co
r
e
w
a
s
9
1.
3
%
c
o
m
p
ar
e
to
7
6
.
0
%.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
ti
m
e
o
f
t
w
o
r
o
w
s
n
u
m
b
er
p
late
is
lo
n
g
er
th
a
n
o
n
e
r
o
w
n
u
m
b
er
p
lates,
i.e
.
1
.
0
4
s
ec
o
n
d
s
an
d
0
.
9
2
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
A
NP
R
s
y
s
te
m
s
h
o
ws
d
if
f
er
en
t
r
es
u
lts
,
i
n
w
h
ich
t
h
e
ac
cu
r
ac
y
is
9
6
.
8
an
d
9
8
.
1
f
o
r
t
w
o
r
o
w
s
a
n
d
o
n
e
r
o
w
n
u
m
b
er
p
lates,
w
h
i
le
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
ti
m
e
is
1
.
2
an
d
1
.
0
6
s
ec
o
n
d
s
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
T
ab
le
5
f
o
cu
s
es
o
n
t
h
e
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
o
r
ig
i
n
al
al
g
o
r
ith
m
a
n
d
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
alg
o
r
ith
m
i
n
ter
m
s
o
f
ac
c
u
r
ac
y
an
d
p
r
o
ce
s
s
i
n
g
ti
m
e.
O
n
a
v
er
ag
e,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
d
A
NP
R
al
g
o
r
ith
m
i
n
cr
e
ased
th
e
ac
cu
r
ac
y
b
y
1
3
.
8
%
w
h
ile
ad
d
itio
n
al
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
t
i
m
e
i
s
o
n
l
y
in
cr
ea
s
ed
b
y
1
6
.
5
%.
T
ab
le
5
.
C
o
m
p
ar
is
o
n
b
et
w
ee
n
Or
ig
i
n
al
A
NP
R
A
l
g
o
r
ith
m
an
d
P
r
o
p
o
s
ed
A
lg
o
r
ith
m
u
s
i
n
g
T
e
m
p
late
Ma
tc
h
in
g
N
u
mb
e
r
P
l
a
t
e
O
r
i
g
i
n
a
l
T
e
sse
r
a
c
t
A
l
g
o
r
i
t
h
m
Pro
p
o
se
d
A
N
P
R
A
l
g
o
r
i
t
h
m
A
c
c
u
r
a
c
y
(
%)
P
r
o
c
e
ssi
n
g
T
i
me
(
ms)
A
c
c
u
r
a
c
y
(
%)
P
r
o
c
e
ssi
n
g
T
i
me
(
ms)
O
n
e
R
o
w
7
6
.
0
1
0
3
5
.
1
9
8
.
1
1
0
5
5
.
7
Tw
o
R
o
w
s
9
1
.
3
9
1
6
.
4
9
6
.
8
1
2
1
7
.
3
A
v
e
r
a
g
e
8
3
.
7
9
7
5
.
8
9
7
.
5
1
1
3
6
.
5
Fro
m
T
ab
le
3
an
d
T
ab
le
5
,
th
e
r
esu
lts
s
h
o
w
t
h
at
th
e
ac
c
u
r
ac
y
f
o
r
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
alg
o
r
ith
m
u
s
in
g
A
NN
an
d
T
em
p
late
Ma
tc
h
i
n
g
is
6
1
.
0
an
d
9
7
.
5
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
ti
m
e
is
5
4
.
0
an
d
1
.
1
s
ec
o
n
d
s
,
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
E
C
E
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
P
erfo
r
ma
n
ce
E
va
lu
a
tio
n
o
f A
u
to
ma
tic
N
u
mb
er P
la
te
R
ec
o
g
n
itio
n
o
n
A
n
d
r
o
id
….
(
Ted
d
y
S
u
r
ya
Gu
n
a
w
a
n
)
1981
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
I
t
ca
n
b
e
co
n
cl
u
d
ed
th
at
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
ANP
R
s
y
s
te
m
u
s
in
g
te
m
p
late
m
at
ch
in
g
is
b
etter
t
h
a
n
u
s
i
n
g
A
N
N.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e
,
tem
p
late
m
atch
in
g
is
m
o
r
e
s
u
itab
le
to
b
e
u
tili
ze
d
in
A
NP
R
s
y
s
te
m
in
An
d
r
o
id
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
e
d
u
e
to
its
ac
c
u
r
ac
y
an
d
lo
w
er
co
m
p
u
tat
io
n
al
ti
m
e.
5.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
NS A
ND
F
UT
URE WO
RK
S
T
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
ev
a
lu
atio
n
o
f
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
A
NP
R
s
y
s
te
m
i
m
p
le
m
en
ted
o
n
A
n
d
r
o
id
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
e
p
latf
o
r
m
h
as
b
ee
n
p
r
ese
n
ted
.
T
h
e
o
r
ig
in
al
A
NP
R
al
g
o
r
ith
m
u
s
i
n
g
T
ess
er
ac
t
lib
r
ar
y
w
a
s
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
A
NP
R
s
y
s
te
m
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
A
NP
R
s
y
s
te
m
h
as
ad
d
itio
n
al
p
r
o
ce
s
s
i
n
g
s
tep
s
,
s
u
c
h
as
u
n
s
h
ar
p
m
as
k
i
n
g
an
d
co
lo
r
in
v
er
s
io
n
.
R
es
u
lt
s
s
h
o
w
ed
t
h
at
o
u
r
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
A
NP
R
s
y
s
te
m
as
h
i
g
h
er
ac
cu
r
ac
y
w
it
h
n
eg
l
ig
ib
le
ad
d
itio
n
al
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
e
n
t.
O
n
a
v
er
ag
e,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
A
NP
R
al
g
o
r
ith
m
u
s
i
n
g
A
NN
in
cr
ea
s
ed
th
e
ac
c
u
r
ac
y
b
y
1
3
.
2
%
w
h
il
e
ad
d
itio
n
al
p
r
o
ce
s
s
i
n
g
ti
m
e
is
o
n
l
y
in
cr
ea
s
ed
b
y
7
.
7
%.
On
av
er
ag
e,
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
A
NP
R
alg
o
r
it
h
m
u
s
in
g
T
em
p
late
Ma
tc
h
i
n
g
in
cr
ea
s
ed
th
e
ac
cu
r
ac
y
b
y
1
3
.
8
%
w
h
ile
ad
d
itio
n
a
l
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
ti
m
e
is
o
n
l
y
in
cr
ea
s
ed
b
y
1
6
.
5
%.
F
u
tu
r
e
w
o
r
k
s
i
n
cl
u
d
es
u
s
i
n
g
h
i
g
h
er
r
es
o
lu
ti
o
n
a
n
d
h
i
g
h
er
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
e,
an
d
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
ac
c
u
r
ac
y
b
y
ad
d
in
g
ad
d
itio
n
al
en
h
a
n
ce
m
e
n
t a
l
g
o
r
ith
m
s
.
ACK
NO
WL
E
D
G
E
M
E
NT
S
T
h
is
r
esear
ch
h
a
s
b
ee
n
s
u
p
p
o
r
ted
b
y
I
n
ter
n
a
tio
n
al
I
s
la
m
i
c
Un
i
v
er
s
i
t
y
Ma
la
y
s
ia
R
e
s
ea
r
ch
Gr
an
t,
R
I
GS1
6
-
336
-
0500.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
A
.
Ba
d
r,
M
.
M
.
A
b
d
e
l
w
a
h
a
b
,
A
.
M
.
T
h
a
b
e
t,
A
.
M
.
,
A
b
d
e
lsa
d
e
k
,
"
A
u
to
m
a
ti
c
N
u
m
b
e
r
P
late
Re
c
o
g
n
it
io
n
S
y
ste
m
"
,
An
n
a
ls
o
f
th
e
U
n
ive
rs
it
y
o
f
Cra
io
v
a
,
M
a
th
e
ma
ti
c
s a
n
d
C
o
mp
u
ter
S
c
ien
c
e
S
e
rie
s
,
v
o
l.
3
8
,
p
p
.
6
2
-
7
1
,
2
0
1
1
.
[2
]
C.
J.
L
a
k
sh
m
i,
A
.
J.
R
a
n
i,
K.
S
.
Ra
m
a
k
rish
n
a
,
M
.
K.
Kira
n
,
"
A
No
v
e
l
A
p
p
ro
a
c
h
f
o
r
In
d
ian
L
ice
n
se
P
late
Re
c
o
g
n
it
io
n
S
y
ste
m
"
,
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
Of
Ad
v
a
n
c
e
d
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
S
c
ien
c
e
s
An
d
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
ies
(
IJ
AE
S
T
)
,
v
o
l.
6
,
p
p
.
0
1
0
-
0
1
4
,
2
0
1
1
.
[3
]
M
.
T
.
Qa
d
ri
a
n
d
M
.
A
sif
,
"
Au
to
ma
ti
c
Nu
m
b
e
r
Pl
a
te
Rec
o
g
n
it
io
n
S
y
s
tem
fo
r
Veh
icle
Id
e
n
ti
fi
c
a
ti
o
n
u
sin
g
Op
t
ica
l
Ch
a
ra
c
ter
Rec
o
g
n
it
i
o
n
"
,
In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
E
d
u
c
a
ti
o
n
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
a
n
d
Co
m
p
u
ter,
p
p
.
3
3
5
-
3
3
8
,
2
0
0
9
.
[4
]
L
.
G
.
C.
Ha
m
e
y
,
C.
P
r
ies
t,
"
Au
t
o
ma
ti
c
Nu
m
b
e
r
Pl
a
te
Rec
o
g
n
it
i
o
n
fo
r
A
u
stra
li
a
n
C
o
n
d
it
i
o
n
s
"
,
P
r
o
c
e
e
d
in
g
s
o
f
th
e
Dig
it
a
l
Im
a
g
in
g
Co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
:
T
e
c
h
n
iq
u
e
s an
d
A
p
p
l
ica
ti
o
n
s,
p
p
.
8
,
2
0
0
5
.
[
5]
H.
Ju
n
-
W
e
i,
Y.
S
h
ih
-
Ha
o
,
C.
Yu
n
g
-
S
h
e
n
g
,
"
M
o
rp
h
o
l
o
g
y
-
b
a
se
d
L
i
c
e
n
se
Pl
a
te
De
te
c
ti
o
n
fro
m
Co
mp
lex
S
c
e
n
e
s
"
,
in
P
a
tt
e
r
n
Re
c
o
g
n
it
i
o
n
,
2
0
0
2
.
P
r
o
c
e
e
d
in
g
s.
1
6
th
In
tern
a
t
io
n
a
l
Co
n
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
o
n
,
p
p
.
1
7
6
-
1
7
9
v
o
l
.
3
,
2
0
0
2
.
[
6]
D.
V
e
c
c
h
iato
,
M
.
Vie
ira,
E.
M
a
rti
n
s,
"
T
h
e
P
e
ril
s
o
f
A
n
d
ro
id
S
e
c
u
r
it
y
Co
n
f
ig
u
ra
ti
o
n
"
,
Co
mp
u
ter
,
v
o
l.
4
9
,
p
p
.
1
5
-
2
1
,
2
0
1
6
.
[7
]
T
.
S
.
G
u
n
a
w
a
n
,
A
.
M
u
th
o
li
b
,
M
.
Ka
rti
w
i,
"
D
e
sig
n
o
f
A
u
to
m
a
ti
c
Nu
m
b
e
r
P
late
Re
c
o
g
n
it
io
n
o
n
A
n
d
ro
id
M
o
b
i
le
P
h
o
n
e
P
latf
o
rm
"
,
In
d
o
n
e
sia
n
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
Co
m
p
u
ter
S
c
ie
n
c
e
,
v
o
l.
5
,
p
p
.
9
9
-
1
0
8
,
2
0
1
6
.
[8
]
R.
S
m
it
h
,
"
A
n
Ov
e
rv
i
e
w
o
f
th
e
T
e
ss
e
ra
c
t
OCR
En
g
in
e
"
,
in
Do
c
u
m
e
n
t
A
n
a
l
y
sis
a
n
d
Re
c
o
g
n
it
i
o
n
,
2
0
0
7
.
IC
DA
R
2
0
0
7
.
Ni
n
t
h
In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
,
p
p
.
6
2
9
-
6
3
3
,
2
0
0
7
.
[9
]
A
.
Ro
y
,
D.
P
.
G
h
o
sh
a
l,
"
N
u
mb
e
r
Pl
a
te
Rec
o
g
n
it
i
o
n
f
o
r
u
se
i
n
d
if
fe
re
n
t
c
o
u
n
tries
u
sin
g
a
n
Im
p
ro
v
e
d
S
e
g
me
n
ta
ti
o
n
"
,
in
Em
e
rg
in
g
T
re
n
d
s an
d
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s i
n
Co
m
p
u
ter S
c
ien
c
e
(NCET
A
CS
),
2
0
1
1
2
n
d
Na
ti
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
,
p
p
.
1
-
5
,
2
0
1
1
.
[1
0
]
S
.
Oz
b
a
y
a
n
d
E.
Erce
leb
i,
"
A
u
to
m
a
ti
c
V
e
h
icle
Id
e
n
ti
f
ica
ti
o
n
b
y
P
late
Re
c
o
g
n
it
i
o
n
"
,
W
o
rld
Aca
d
e
my
o
f
S
c
ien
c
e
,
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
v
o
l.
9
,
p
p
.
7
7
8
-
7
8
1
,
2
0
0
7
.
[1
1
]
D.
Blo
o
m
b
e
rg
,
"
Lep
to
n
ica
:
A
n
Op
e
n
S
o
u
rc
e
C
li
b
ra
ry
f
o
r
Eff
ic
ien
t
Im
a
g
e
P
ro
c
e
ss
in
g
,
A
n
a
ly
sis
a
n
d
Op
e
ra
ti
o
n
"
,
2
0
0
7
.
[1
2
]
S
.
V
.
Rice
,
F
.
R.
Je
n
k
in
s,
T
.
A
.
Na
rtk
e
r,
"
T
h
e
F
i
f
th
A
n
n
u
a
l
T
e
st
o
f
OCR
Ac
c
u
ra
c
y
"
,
In
fo
rm
a
ti
o
n
S
c
ien
c
e
Res
e
a
rc
h
In
stit
u
te
,
1
9
9
6
.
B
I
O
G
RAP
H
I
E
S
O
F
AUTH
O
RS
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
J
E
C
E
Vo
l.
7
,
No
.
4
,
A
u
g
u
s
t
2
0
1
7
:
1
9
7
3
–
1
9
8
2
1982
Te
d
d
y
S
u
r
y
a
G
u
n
a
w
a
n
re
c
e
iv
e
d
h
is
BEn
g
d
e
g
re
e
in
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
w
it
h
c
u
m
lau
d
e
a
w
a
rd
f
ro
m
In
stit
u
t
T
e
k
n
o
lo
g
i
Ba
n
d
u
n
g
(IT
B),
In
d
o
n
e
sia
in
1
9
9
8
.
He
o
b
tain
e
d
h
is
M
.
E
n
g
d
e
g
re
e
in
2
0
0
1
f
ro
m
th
e
S
c
h
o
o
l
o
f
Co
m
p
u
ter
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
a
t
Na
n
y
a
n
g
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
ica
l
Un
iv
e
r
sit
y
,
S
in
g
a
p
o
re
,
a
n
d
P
h
D
d
e
g
re
e
in
2
0
0
7
f
ro
m
th
e
S
c
h
o
o
l
o
f
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
T
e
lec
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s,
T
h
e
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
o
f
Ne
w
S
o
u
t
h
W
a
les
,
A
u
stra
li
a
.
His
re
se
a
rc
h
in
tere
sts
a
re
in
sp
e
e
c
h
a
n
d
a
u
d
io
p
r
o
c
e
ss
in
g
,
b
io
m
e
d
ica
l
sig
n
a
l
p
ro
c
e
ss
in
g
a
n
d
i
n
stru
m
e
n
tatio
n
,
im
a
g
e
a
n
d
v
id
e
o
p
r
o
c
e
ss
in
g
,
a
n
d
p
a
ra
ll
e
l
c
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
.
He
is
c
u
rre
n
tl
y
a
n
IEE
E
S
e
n
io
r
M
e
m
b
e
r
(sin
c
e
2
0
1
2
),
w
a
s
c
h
a
ir
m
a
n
o
f
IEE
E
In
stru
m
e
n
tatio
n
a
n
d
M
e
a
su
re
m
e
n
t
S
o
c
iety
–
M
a
la
y
sia
S
e
c
ti
o
n
(2
0
1
3
a
n
d
2
0
1
4
),
A
ss
o
c
iate
P
ro
f
e
ss
o
r
(sin
c
e
2
0
1
2
),
He
a
d
o
f
De
p
a
rtme
n
t
(
2
0
1
5
-
2
0
1
6
)
a
t
De
p
a
rtme
n
t
o
f
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
a
n
d
Co
m
p
u
ter
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
a
n
d
He
a
d
o
f
P
ro
g
ra
m
m
e
Ac
c
re
d
it
a
ti
o
n
a
n
d
Qu
a
li
ty
A
s
su
ra
n
c
e
(sin
c
e
2
0
1
7
)
Ku
ll
iy
y
a
h
o
f
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Isla
m
ic
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
M
a
la
y
si
a
.
He
is
Ch
a
rtere
d
En
g
in
e
e
r
(IE
T
,
UK
)
a
n
d
In
sin
y
u
r
P
ro
f
e
sio
n
a
l
M
a
d
y
a
(P
II,
In
d
o
n
e
sia
)
sin
c
e
2
0
1
6
.
Abd
u
l
M
u
th
o
li
b
re
c
e
iv
e
d
h
is
b
a
c
h
e
lo
r
d
e
g
re
e
in
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
o
n
Tec
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
f
ro
m
Un
iv
e
rsita
s
Isla
m
Ne
g
e
ri
S
y
a
ri
f
Hid
a
y
a
tu
ll
a
h
Ja
k
a
rt
a
in
2
0
0
7
.
He
o
b
tain
e
d
h
is
M
S
c
d
e
g
re
e
in
2
0
1
4
f
ro
m
In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Isla
m
ic
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
M
a
la
y
sia
.
His
re
se
a
rc
h
in
tere
sts
a
re
in
so
f
twa
re
e
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
sm
a
rtp
h
o
n
e
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
,
e
-
c
o
m
m
e
rc
e
,
a
n
d
sig
n
a
l
p
ro
c
e
ss
in
g
.
He
w
a
s
w
o
rk
in
g
a
s
A
ss
istan
t
M
a
n
a
g
e
r
a
t
Laz
a
d
a
,
In
d
o
n
e
sia
a
n
d
is
n
o
w
w
o
rk
in
g
a
s
S
e
a
rc
h
En
g
in
e
M
a
n
a
g
e
r
a
t
El
e
v
e
n
ia.
M
ira
K
a
r
ti
w
i
c
o
m
p
lete
d
h
e
r
stu
d
ies
a
t
th
e
Un
iv
e
rsity
o
f
W
o
ll
o
n
g
o
n
g
,
A
u
stra
li
a
re
su
lt
in
g
in
th
e
f
o
ll
o
w
in
g
d
e
g
r
e
e
s
b
e
in
g
c
o
n
fe
rre
d
:
Ba
c
h
e
lo
r
o
f
Co
m
m
e
rc
e
in
Bu
sin
e
ss
In
f
o
r
m
a
ti
o
n
S
y
ste
m
s,
M
a
ste
r
in
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
o
n
S
y
ste
m
s
in
2
0
0
1
a
n
d
h
e
r
Do
c
t
o
r
o
f
P
h
il
o
s
o
p
h
y
in
2
0
0
9
.
S
h
e
is
c
u
rre
n
tl
y
a
n
A
ss
o
c
iat
e
P
r
o
f
e
ss
o
r
in
De
p
a
rt
m
e
n
t
o
f
In
fo
rm
a
ti
o
n
S
y
ste
m
s,
Ku
li
y
y
a
h
o
f
In
f
o
r
m
a
ti
o
n
a
n
d
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Isla
m
ic
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
M
a
la
y
sia
.
He
r
re
s
e
a
rc
h
in
tere
sts
in
c
l
u
d
e
e
lec
tro
n
ic
c
o
m
m
e
rc
e
,
d
a
ta
m
in
in
g
,
e
-
h
e
a
lt
h
a
n
d
m
o
b
il
e
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s d
e
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.