Internati
o
nal
Journal of Ele
c
trical
and Computer
Engineering
(IJE
CE)
V
o
l.
6, N
o
. 5
,
O
c
tob
e
r
201
6, p
p
. 2
114
~212
4
I
S
SN
: 208
8-8
7
0
8
,
D
O
I
:
10.115
91
/ij
ece.v6
i
5.1
127
9
2
114
Jo
urn
a
l
h
o
me
pa
ge
: h
ttp
://iaesjo
u
r
na
l.com/
o
n
lin
e/ind
e
x.ph
p
/
IJECE
Rapid P
r
otot
ypi
n
g M
e
th
odol
ogy of Li
ght
w
ei
ght E
l
ect
ronic
Drivers for Smart
Home Appliances
T
r
i
o
A
d
i
o
n
o
,
Rac
h
ma
d
Vi
d
y
a
Wi
ca
ks
an
a
Putr
a,
M
a
ul
a
n
a
Yus
u
f
Fa
th
an
y, B
r
ah
am
L
a
w
a
s L
a
w
u
,
Khilda
Afifah,
Muha
mma
d
Husn
i Sa
ntriaji, Sy
ifa
u
l Fuada
Department o
f
Electrical Engi
n
e
e
r
ing, Schoo
l of
Ele
c
tri
cal
Eng
i
n
eering
and
Infor
m
atics,
Institut
Tekno
lo
gi Bandung
, Ind
onesia
Article Info
A
B
STRAC
T
Article histo
r
y:
Received
May 16, 2016
Rev
i
sed
Ju
l 13
,
20
16
Accepte
d
J
u
l 29, 2016
Man
y
researches have been conducted
in smart home topic. Mostly
,
th
ey
discussed on th
e specific aspect of
a
pplication. On the oth
e
r s
i
de, man
y
appli
cat
ions
s
til
l
can
be
explor
ed
and
att
ached
int
o
the s
y
s
t
em
.
S
e
veral
m
a
in
chal
lenges
in
d
e
s
i
gning th
e ap
plic
ation d
e
vi
ce
s
are s
y
s
t
em
c
o
m
p
lexit
y
,
reli
abil
it
y, user
friendl
iness, portabi
lity
,
and low power consump
tion. Thus
,
design of electr
onic driv
er is on
e of
the k
e
y
elements for overcoming these
challenges. Moreover,
the dr
ivers have to
comply
the ru
les of s
m
art home
s
y
stem, data pro
t
ocol, and applicati
on purpose.
Hence, we prop
ose a rapid
prototy
p
ing methodolog
y
on designing lig
h
t
weight electronic d
r
ivers for
smart home app
lian
ces. This methodolog
y
cons
ists of three main aspects,
namely
smart home sy
stem understa
nding, cir
c
uitr
y
concep
t, an
d
programming concept. B
y
usin
g this
method, function
a
l
and
lightweigh
t
drivers can be achiev
ed quickly
without
major changes and mod
i
fications in
hom
e elec
tric
al
s
y
s
t
em
. The
y
can be r
e
m
o
tel
y
con
t
roll
ed an
d m
onitored
an
y
time and fro
m an
y
w
here. For prototy
p
ing, w
e
design sever
a
l drivers to
repres
ent
com
m
on elec
troni
c and m
e
cha
n
ica
l
bas
e
d
appli
cat
ions
.
Experimental r
e
sults prove
that
the proposed
design metho
dolog
y
can
achi
e
ve
the
res
e
arch
targ
et.
Keyword:
Hom
e
appl
i
a
nc
es
Li
ght
wei
g
ht
d
r
i
v
ers
R
a
pi
d pr
ot
ot
y
p
i
ng
m
e
t
hod
Sm
art hom
e platform
Copyright ©
201
6 Institut
e
o
f
Ad
vanced
Engin
eer
ing and S
c
i
e
nce.
All rights re
se
rve
d
.
Co
rresp
ond
i
ng
Autho
r
:
Trio
Ad
ion
o
,
Depa
rt
m
e
nt
of
El
ect
ri
cal
Engi
neeri
n
g
,
Scho
o
l
of Electrical Eng
i
n
eerin
g
and
In
formatics, Institu
t Tek
n
o
l
og
i Ban
d
u
n
g
,
Jl. G
a
n
e
sh
a
N
o
. 10
, Bandu
ng
4
013
2,
I
ndo
n
e
sia.
Em
a
il: tad
i
o
n
o
@stei.itb
.ac.i
d
1.
INTRODUCTION
Sm
art
Hom
e
conce
p
t
has
bec
o
m
e
one
of
t
echn
o
l
o
gy
t
r
e
n
d
s
i
n
l
a
st
few
y
ears.
It
gr
ow
s
rapi
dl
y
a
n
d
gai
n
m
a
ssi
ve
po
p
u
l
a
ri
t
y
bec
a
use
of t
h
e
d
e
m
a
nds
[1]
.
M
a
ny
ex
peri
m
e
nt
al
pr
oject
s we
re co
n
d
u
c
t
e
d by
u
n
i
v
e
rsities in th
is field
,
such
as Un
i
v
ersi
ty o
f
Co
lo
rado
with
Th
e
Ad
ap
tiv
e
Hou
s
e, Swed
en
In
teractiv
e
In
stitu
te with
co
m
HOME, MIT with
Hou
s
e_
n, and
Ge
o
r
g
i
a In
stitu
te o
f
Techn
o
l
o
g
y
wi
th
Th
e Aware Ho
m
e
[2]. Se
parately,
m
a
ny co
m
p
anies are also worki
n
g in
th
is area with
t
h
eir ow
n
pr
oj
ect
s (e.g. C
o
n
t
rol
4
,
Crestro
n
,
AM
X, etc
)
.
Based
on
literatu
res,
research
es on
sm
art
h
o
m
e d
e
sig
n
co
u
l
d
b
e
g
e
n
e
rally d
i
v
i
d
e
d
into
fou
r
m
a
in
categ
ories,
n
a
mely
: (1)
p
l
atfo
rm
d
e
sign
, (2) au
th
en
tica
t
i
on
a
n
d
sec
u
ri
t
y
desi
g
n
,
(
3
)
Gr
aphi
cal
Use
r
I
n
t
e
rface
(G
UI
) desi
gn
,
and
(4
) en
d
-
de
vi
ce dri
v
er
des
i
gn. Pl
at
f
o
rm
d
e
si
gn c
ove
rs c
o
m
m
uni
cat
i
on schem
e
[3]
,
ne
t
w
o
r
k
to
po
log
y
[4
], en
erg
y
m
a
n
a
g
e
men
t
[5
]-[8
]
, co
n
t
ro
lling
sc
h
e
me [9
]-[10
]
, an
d
sen
s
ory sche
m
e
s (e.g. an
ti
-th
e
ft
[1
1]
, fi
re det
e
ct
i
on [1
2]
,
t
o
xi
c gases det
e
ct
i
on [1
3]
-
[
14]). Au
then
ticatio
n
and
security d
e
sign
covers all
securi
t
y
i
ssue
s
(e.
g
.
cry
p
t
o
g
r
aphy
,
bi
om
et
ric key
,
pe
rso
n
al
i
d
ent
i
f
i
cat
i
o
n
num
ber,
o
r
s
p
e
c
i
f
i
c
al
go
ri
t
h
m
[
15]
-
[1
8]
).
G
U
I
de
si
gn
co
ve
rs al
l
use
r
i
n
t
e
rface
i
ssues
(e
.g
.
web
-
based
[
1
9
]
, sm
art
pho
ne-
b
ase
d
[
2
0]
);
a
n
d
(
4
)
dri
v
er
desi
gn
c
ove
rs el
ect
r
o
ni
c ci
rcui
t
r
y
a
n
d
i
t
s
pr
og
ram
m
i
ng.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
ECE
I
S
SN
:
208
8-8
7
0
8
Ra
pi
d P
r
ot
ot
yp
i
ng
Met
h
o
d
o
l
o
gy
of
Li
g
h
t
w
ei
ght
El
ect
ro
ni
c
Dri
vers f
o
r
Sm
art
H
o
me A
p
pl
i
ances
(
T
ri
o A
d
i
o
no)
2
115
Actu
ally, m
a
n
y
ap
p
licatio
n
d
e
v
i
ces still can
b
e
exp
l
o
r
ed
and
d
e
v
e
l
o
ped
fo
r app
licatio
n
s
, b
ecau
s
e
alm
o
st every s
i
ngle hom
e
appliance coul
d
be m
odified
i
n
or
der t
o
be c
o
n
n
ect
ed i
n
t
o
sm
art
ho
m
e
syst
em
.
From
[21]
an
d [2
2]
, we can se
e t
h
at
there are two m
a
jor categories of a
ppl
i
cat
i
ons:
el
ect
roni
c and m
echanical
base
d de
vi
ces.
M
a
i
n
chal
l
e
nge
s i
n
desi
g
n
i
n
g t
h
ose a
p
pl
i
cat
i
on
devi
ces are a
b
out
sy
st
em
com
p
l
e
xi
t
y
,
reliab
ility, u
s
er friend
lin
ess,
po
rtab
ility, an
d
lo
w power c
onsu
m
p
tio
n
.
Thus, d
e
sign
of electron
i
c d
r
iv
er is o
n
e
of t
h
e key
el
e
m
ent
s
fo
r o
v
e
r
com
i
ng t
h
e cha
l
l
e
nges. M
o
re
o
v
er
, r
u
l
e
s o
f
s
m
art
hom
e sy
stem
, dat
a
pr
ot
o
c
ol
, a
n
d
appl
i
cat
i
o
n
pu
r
pos
e al
so
ha
ve
t
o
be
f
o
l
l
o
wed
i
n
t
e
rm
of
desi
gn
i
m
pl
em
ent
a
t
i
on.
I
n
th
is r
e
sear
ch
, w
e
pr
opo
se a
g
e
n
e
r
a
l and
rap
i
d
pr
o
t
o
t
yp
in
g
m
e
th
o
d
o
l
ogy
f
o
r
d
e
sign
ing
lig
h
t
weigh
t
el
ect
roni
c
d
r
i
v
ers
fo
r a
n
y
sm
art
h
o
m
e
appl
i
a
nces.
B
y
u
s
i
n
g t
h
i
s
t
ech
ni
q
u
e,
seve
ral
m
a
i
n
f
u
nct
i
o
n
s
c
a
n
be
achi
e
ve
d
q
u
i
c
kl
y
wi
t
h
o
u
t
m
a
jo
r c
h
a
nge
s
and
m
odi
fi
cat
i
ons
i
n
h
o
m
e
el
ect
ri
cal
sy
st
em
. Fo
r
pr
ot
o
t
y
p
i
n
g
pu
r
poses
, we
d
e
si
gn el
ect
r
oni
c dri
v
ers t
o
re
prese
n
t
an
d
s
u
pp
o
r
t
bot
h el
ec
t
r
o
n
i
c
an
d
m
e
c
h
anical targets, such
as:
hum
i
d
i
t
y
-t
em
perat
u
re sens
ors
,
ge
neral
po
wer s
o
ck
et
,
ambient col
o
re
d la
m
p
, door loc
k
, fan s
p
ee
d control,
and c
u
rt
ai
n c
o
nt
r
o
l
.
Al
l
of t
h
em
can be rem
o
t
e
l
y
cont
rol
l
ed an
d m
oni
tore
d usi
n
g m
o
bi
l
e
appl
i
cat
i
o
n (e.
g
.
sm
ar
t-
p
h
o
n
e
ap
p
s
)
,
an
yti
m
e
an
d
f
r
o
m
an
yw
h
e
r
e
. Ex
p
e
ri
m
e
n
t
al r
e
su
lts p
r
ov
e th
at the p
r
op
o
s
ed
method
ach
iev
e
t
h
e research
targ
ets
(i.e. low system co
m
p
lex
ity,
h
i
g
h
reliab
ility,
u
s
er frien
d
l
y, h
i
gh
portab
ility,
and
low p
o
we
r)
.
Thi
s
pa
per i
s
o
r
ga
ni
zed i
n
t
o
a num
ber of sec
t
i
ons. T
h
e fi
rst
sect
i
on i
s
i
n
t
r
od
uct
i
o
n an
d expl
a
n
at
i
o
n
o
n
th
e r
e
search
b
a
ck
gr
ound
,
pr
ob
lem
s
, an
d so
lu
tion
.
Th
e second
on
e exp
l
ain
s
t
h
e
p
r
op
o
s
ed
d
e
sign
m
e
t
hod
ol
o
g
y
.
I
t
expl
o
r
es m
a
in i
d
ea
of t
h
e d
e
si
gn a
n
d i
t
s
re
l
a
t
e
d di
scu
ssi
o
n
s. F
o
l
l
o
wi
n
g
i
n
t
h
e t
h
i
r
d a
n
d
fo
urt
h
sect
i
ons are
pr
ot
ot
y
p
es a
nd e
v
al
uat
i
o
ns. T
h
ey
descri
be
t
h
e
desi
gn sam
p
l
e
s on se
veral
f
u
nct
i
o
n
s
of a
ppl
i
a
nces
and their eval
uation
results. L
a
st
three
sections a
r
e c
oncl
u
si
ons
, ac
knowle
dgm
ent, and
re
fere
nces.
2.
PROP
OSE
D
DESIG
N
ME
THODOLOG
Y
2.
1.
Smar
t Home
Sys
t
em
In o
r
der t
o
de
s
i
gn t
h
e en
d-
de
vi
ces, fi
rst
l
y
w
e
need t
o
det
e
r
m
i
n
e how
dat
a
prot
ocol
da
n s
m
art
hom
e
sy
st
em
work
.
Here
, we
deci
d
e
t
o
use
pr
o
pos
ed dat
a
pr
ot
oc
ol
an
d sm
art
hom
e sy
st
em
archi
t
ect
ure i
n
[2
3]
-[
2
5
]
,
because of the
si
m
p
licit
y and
com
p
atibilit
y. Data prot
ocol
provides
3-byte for hea
d
e
r
,
1-byte for a
d
dre
ss, 1-
b
y
te for p
a
cket in
itializa
tio
n
,
n
-
b
y
te for p
a
ylo
a
d
and 1
-
b
y
te for ch
ecksu
m
,
as p
r
esen
ted
i
n
Tab
l
e 1.
Mean
wh
ile, ill
u
s
tration
of the s
m
art h
o
m
e
syste
m
is sh
o
w
n i
n
Fi
gu
re 1
.
The sy
st
em
has t
w
o en
vi
r
o
n
m
ent
s
,
i
n
d
o
o
r
a
n
d
ou
t
d
o
o
r
.
I
n
do
o
r
sect
i
on
uses
W
i
rel
e
ss
Sens
or
Net
w
o
r
k
(
W
S
N
) c
o
nfi
g
u
r
ed
i
n
m
e
sh t
o
p
o
l
o
gy
,
whi
l
e
o
u
t
d
o
o
r
sect
i
on u
s
es m
obi
l
e
dat
a
c
o
m
m
uni
cat
i
on schem
e
. These t
w
o e
n
vi
ro
nm
ent
s
are co
n
n
ec
t
e
d by
gat
e
way
.
Usi
n
g t
h
i
s
desi
gn
a
p
p
r
oach
,
hom
e ap
pl
i
a
nces ca
n
be c
ont
rol
l
e
d a
n
d
m
oni
t
o
r
e
d, a
n
y
t
i
m
e and
fr
o
m
anywhere
.
WS
N i
s
a ne
w
gene
rat
i
o
n o
f
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
w
h
i
c
h i
t
s
m
a
i
n
pu
rp
os
e i
s
t
o
col
l
ect
dat
a
f
r
om
t
h
e sur
r
o
u
ndi
n
g
envi
ro
nm
ent
of net
w
or
ke
d senso
r
s [
2
6]
. It
is form
ed by
sm
al
l and l
o
w
-
c
o
st
no
des
whi
c
h ha
ve l
i
m
i
t
a
t
i
ons i
n
ener
gy
, m
e
m
o
ry
, an
d
pr
oce
ssi
ng ca
paci
t
y
[2
7]
. I
n
WS
N com
m
uni
cat
i
on sc
hem
e
, three c
o
m
m
uni
act
i
o
n
pr
ot
oc
ol
s can
be use
d
(i
.e. Zi
gB
ee, B
l
uet
o
ot
h,
W
i
Fi
). Zi
gB
ee pr
ot
oc
ol
has
sim
p
l
e
dat
a
st
ruct
ure a
nd l
o
w dat
a
rat
e
, t
h
us i
t
co
nsum
es l
o
w
p
o
we
r.
Hen
ce, i
t
i
s
sui
t
a
bl
e as t
h
e bac
k
b
o
n
e
com
m
uni
cat
i
on o
f
WSN
.
B
l
uet
o
ot
h
p
r
o
t
o
c
o
l
h
a
s
med
i
u
m
d
a
ta rate and
co
m
p
atib
ility to
co
nn
ect t
o
sm
art pho
n
e
.
Hen
ce, it is u
s
ed
as a
com
m
uni
cat
i
on schem
e
bet
w
een use
r
ap
pl
i
cat
i
ons t
o
t
h
e
WSN sy
st
em
.
Meanw
h
i
l
e
,
W
i
F
i
has t
h
e hi
gh
e
s
t
dat
a
rate am
o
n
g
these three
p
r
o
t
o
c
o
l
s and
com
p
at
ib
ility to
co
nn
ect t
o
sm
art pho
n
e
.
Hen
ce,
WiFi is
u
s
ed
for
in
ten
s
iv
e app
licatio
n
s
, su
ch
as v
i
d
e
o stream
i
n
g.
Table 1
.
Dat
a
pr
ot
oc
ol
f
o
rm
at
Header
Address
Packet Init
Data Pa
yload
Checksu
m
3-
by
te 2-
by
te
1-
by
te
n-
by
te
1-
by
te
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
S
SN
:
2
088
-87
08
I
J
ECE
Vo
l. 6
,
N
o
. 5
,
O
c
tob
e
r
20
16
:
211
4
–
21
24
2
116
Figure
1.
Sm
art hom
e syste
m
architecture
2.
2.
Circuitr
y
Concept
Circu
itry con
c
ep
t is on
e
o
f
th
e im
p
o
r
tant asp
ects th
at
affect th
e wh
o
l
e
d
e
sign
co
m
p
lex
ity o
f
electronic driver. Proposed e
l
ectroni
c circuit co
n
cep
t is sh
own
in
Figu
r
e
2. The
r
e are
si
x
m
a
i
n
m
o
dul
e
s
i
n
v
o
l
v
e
d
:
p
o
w
e
r su
p
p
l
y
, ant
e
nna
, com
m
uni
cat
i
on m
odul
e, m
i
croco
n
t
r
ol
l
e
r, s
p
eci
fi
c el
ect
ro
ni
c ci
rcui
t
,
an
d
i
ndi
cat
o
r
.
Po
w
e
r s
u
p
p
l
y
gi
ve
s ene
r
gy
t
o
w
hol
e
ci
rcui
t
(i
.
e
. c
o
m
m
uni
cati
on m
o
d
u
l
e
,
m
i
croco
n
t
r
ol
l
e
r, a
n
d
specific circuit
)
. The
s
e m
odules will be supported
by i
ndi
cator, sinc
e indicator m
odul
e
is the one that gives
u
s
in
form
at
io
n
statu
s
about th
e d
r
iv
er.
Thu
s
, ind
i
cator w
ill b
e
affected
b
y
co
mm
u
n
i
catio
n
mo
du
le,
m
i
croco
n
t
r
ol
l
e
r, an
d s
p
eci
f
i
c ci
rcui
t
.
In
t
h
i
s
researc
h
, com
m
uni
cat
i
on m
odul
e
uses Zi
gB
e
e
and
m
i
croco
n
t
r
ol
l
e
r uses
STM
3
2.
M
eanw
h
ile, s
p
ecific electronic circuit coul
d
be
vari
o
u
s si
nce i
t
depe
n
d
s
on t
h
e
ap
p
lication
targ
et. By
u
s
ing
t
h
is sim
p
le circu
itry,
h
o
pef
u
l
l
y
l
o
w-
com
p
l
e
x
i
t
y
hard
ware
ci
rcui
t
ca
n
be
de
si
gne
d
i
n
a sm
al
l
dim
e
nsi
o
n
of
Pri
n
t
e
d C
i
rc
ui
t
B
o
a
r
d
(PC
B
)
an
d i
t
s desi
g
n
at
ed
p
ackagi
n
g
.
F
o
r
po
we
r s
u
p
p
l
y
,
t
h
ere
are t
w
o p
o
ssi
bl
e scenari
o
s
,
di
r
ect
suppl
y
fr
o
m
AC
power
o
u
t
l
e
t
or bat
t
e
ry
. If t
h
e desi
g
n
a
t
ed appl
i
cat
i
o
n
s
nee
d
a h
i
g
h
m
o
b
ility an
d
po
rtab
ility, b
a
ttery is a
b
e
tter ch
o
i
ce. Th
u
s
, rech
argeab
le b
a
ttery d
e
sign
and
its lev
e
l
indicator are c
onsi
d
ere
d
. Me
anwhile, if
th
e app
licatio
n
s
need
p
o
wer
o
u
t
let as m
a
in
sou
r
ce,
b
a
ttery may b
e
n
e
g
l
ected
to con
s
id
er
d
e
sign
si
m
p
licit
y.
Figure
2.
Basic electroni
c circuit sc
hematic
2.
3.
Program
m
ing Concept
Micro
c
on
tro
ller pro
g
rammin
g
is ano
t
h
e
r crucial fact
o
r
in
determin
in
g
how
th
e driv
er
will respo
n
d
t
o
the speci
fic event. In orde
r to
m
a
k
e
th
e d
r
i
v
er
work
s
efficien
tly, such
ligh
t
weigh
t
p
r
og
ram
is n
eed
ed.
Il
l
u
st
rat
i
o
n
of
t
h
e p
r
op
ose
d
p
r
o
g
ram
m
i
ng sc
hem
e
i
s
prese
n
t
e
d i
n
Fi
g
u
re
3
.
I
n
t
h
e set
u
p
s
ect
i
on,
we
nee
d
t
o
declare
va
riabl
e
and library, create i
n
terrupt ha
ndler,
a
n
d c
r
eate s
p
ecific functions
.
In the m
a
in s
ection,
rou
tin
e
p
r
o
g
ram is th
e cen
ter of programmin
g
.
It w
ill b
e
supp
orted
b
y
lib
rary, con
f
i
g
uratio
n, specific
fun
c
tion
s
, an
d in
terru
p
t
h
a
nd
ler.
On
e
o
f
t
h
e trick
y
th
ings h
e
re is to
u
s
e th
e rig
h
t
timer for pro
g
rammin
g
.
Wr
o
ng
deci
si
o
n
i
n
usi
ng s
o
u
r
ce of t
i
m
er can cause er
r
o
rs
or i
n
val
i
d
o
u
t
c
om
es. C
r
eat
i
ng such
pr
og
ram
m
i
ng
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IJECE
ISS
N
:
2088-8708
Ra
pi
d P
r
ot
ot
yp
i
ng
Met
h
od
ol
o
g
y
of
Li
g
h
t
w
ei
ght
El
ect
ro
ni
c
Dri
vers f
o
r
Sm
art
H
o
me A
p
pl
i
ances
(
T
ri
o A
d
i
o
no)
2
117
bl
oc
k an
d i
t
s
b
e
havi
or
fi
rst
be
fo
re d
o
i
n
g act
u
a
l
pro
g
r
am
m
i
ng i
s
recom
m
ended
,
si
nce t
h
es
e st
eps co
ul
d
h
e
l
p
t
o
m
a
p an
d t
h
o
r
o
u
g
h
l
y
de
si
g
n
t
h
e
pr
o
g
ram
.
B
y
usi
n
g t
h
i
s
de
si
gn
bl
ock
,
we
can al
s
o
t
h
o
r
o
u
g
h
l
y
t
r
ou
bl
es
ho
ot
t
h
e
p
r
og
ram
if errors
o
r
i
n
v
a
lid
o
u
tco
m
es o
ccu
r i
n
th
e testin
g and
ev
alu
a
tion
ph
ase.
Fi
gu
re 3.
Pr
o
p
o
se
d pr
og
ram
m
i
ng
st
r
u
ct
u
r
e
3.
DRI
VE
R P
R
OTOTYPES
FOR
HO
ME
APPLI
A
N
C
E
S
3.
1.
Door L
o
ck Dr
iver
Th
e m
a
in
id
ea of th
e doo
r lock
d
r
i
v
er is to
p
r
ov
ide a
n
ele
c
tronic circ
uit whic
h ca
n
pull
and
release
th
e so
len
o
i
d
,
i
n
ord
e
r t
o
rep
r
esen
t lo
ck
ing
an
d
un
lo
ck
in
g
co
nd
itio
n fo
r t
h
e d
oor.
Illu
stratio
n
o
f
t
h
e circu
it is
g
i
v
e
n
in
Fi
g
u
re 4
.
A d
i
g
ital p
i
n
o
f
m
i
cro
c
on
tro
ller g
i
ves
b
i
as sign
al to
t
r
an
sist
o
r
an
d
t
h
e so
leno
id
will g
i
v
e
a
respon
se
with
p
u
lling
o
r
relax
i
ng
itself.
A
no
rm
ally-clo
sed
typ
e
of so
lenoid
is used, sin
c
e it is b
e
tter in
sav
i
ng
p
o
wer con
s
u
m
p
tio
n. Th
e so
len
o
i
d
will p
u
l
l itself o
n
l
y
wh
en
t
h
e b
i
as is activ
e. Th
is activ
e cond
itio
n
i
s
ex
p
ected
to b
e
sh
or
t en
oug
h, t
h
u
s
th
e
po
w
e
r
u
s
ag
e can
be
min
i
mized
. Fun
c
tio
n of
d
i
od
e I
N
40
07
is pr
o
t
ectin
g
th
e o
t
h
e
r co
mp
on
en
ts wh
en
th
e so
len
o
i
d
ch
ang
e
s its po
si
tio
n
qu
ick
l
y.
We can
see that th
e circu
it co
m
p
lies
wi
t
h
t
h
e p
r
o
p
o
se
d co
ncept
and i
t
o
n
l
y
needs 3
basi
c co
m
ponent
s (i
.e
.
t
r
ansi
st
o
r
, res
i
st
or, a
nd
di
o
d
e
) fo
r
co
n
t
ro
lling
th
e so
leno
id.
3.
2.
Curtain Control
Dri
v
er
Th
e m
a
in
id
ea
o
f
th
e curtain
co
n
t
ro
l driv
er is to
pr
ovi
de an
el
ect
roni
c ci
rcui
t
whi
c
h ca
n cont
rol
t
h
e
m
ovem
e
nt
of curt
ai
n
.
M
o
re
o
v
e
r, we ca
n co
nt
rol
h
o
w
far t
h
e
curt
ai
n sh
o
u
l
d
ope
n. He
re,
w
e
use st
eppe
r
m
o
t
o
r
as m
echanical target
device, beca
us
e
we can
set
h
o
w
far th
e stepp
e
r mo
tor sh
ou
ld
roll. Illu
stration
o
f
t
h
e
ci
rcui
t
i
s
gi
ve
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
re
5
.
F
o
u
r
di
gi
t
a
l
pi
n
s
of m
i
croco
n
t
r
ol
l
e
r
gi
ve
Pul
s
e
W
i
dt
h M
o
d
u
l
a
t
i
on
(P
WM
)
si
gnal
to m
o
tor dri
v
er. Motor drive
r
ULN20
03A wi
ll translate the receive
d com
m
a
nd into c
o
ntrol signal for s
t
eppe
r
m
o
to
r
.
Th
e circu
it co
m
p
lies
w
ith
th
e pr
oposed
con
c
ep
t and
on
ly n
eed
s si
n
g
l
e m
o
to
r
dr
iv
er, 4
Ligh
t Emit
tin
g
Di
o
d
es
(LE
D
s)
, an
d
4
resi
st
o
r
s f
o
r
co
nt
r
o
l
l
i
ng t
h
e
st
ep
per
m
o
t
o
r.
3.
3.
F
a
n Co
nt
ro
l
D
r
iv
er
Th
e m
a
in
id
ea o
f
t
h
e fan
con
t
ro
l d
r
i
v
er is
to
pr
ovide a
n
electronic circ
uit whic
h ca
n
dynam
i
cally
chan
ge
t
h
e
spe
e
d
of
fa
n.
F
o
r
pr
ot
ot
y
p
i
n
g
p
u
r
p
o
se,
we
use
Direct C
u
rrent
(DC) m
o
tor a
s
m
echanical target
devi
ce.
Il
l
u
st
ra
t
i
on
of t
h
e ci
r
c
ui
t
i
s
gi
v
e
n i
n
Fi
gu
re
6.
A
di
gi
t
a
l
pi
n
o
f
m
i
croco
n
t
r
ol
l
e
r gi
ves
bi
as si
gnal
t
o
tran
sistor and
DC m
o
to
r will respo
n
d
to
start ro
tating
o
r
sto
p
ro
tatin
g. Th
e circu
it is th
e sa
m
e
co
n
cept with
d
oor lo
ck
driver, bu
t th
e
di
ff
erences a
r
e i
n
t
h
e pr
og
ram
m
i
ng a
nd bi
asi
n
g
con
d
i
t
i
on. I
n
or
der t
o
ac
hi
eve i
t
s
dy
nam
i
c bi
as,
m
i
croco
n
t
r
ol
l
e
r gi
ves P
W
M
s
i
gnal
w
h
i
c
h i
t
s
pul
se wi
dt
h de
t
e
rm
i
n
es t
h
e ro
t
a
t
i
onal
speed
of D
C
m
o
tor. F
unction
of di
ode
IN4007 is
protecting the
ot
her c
o
m
pone
nts
when t
h
e s
o
lenoi
d
c
h
a
nges
its position
qui
c
k
l
y
. The c
i
rcui
t
com
p
l
i
e
s wi
t
h
t
h
e p
r
o
p
o
se
d co
ncept
a
nd
o
n
l
y
needs
3 basi
c c
o
m
ponent
s
(i
.e. t
r
a
n
si
st
or
,
resi
st
or
, a
n
d
di
ode
)
fo
r c
o
nt
ro
l
l
i
ng t
h
e
DC
m
o
t
o
r.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
S
SN
:
2
088
-87
08
I
JECE
Vo
l. 6
,
N
o
. 5
,
O
c
tob
e
r
20
16
:
211
4
–
21
24
2
118
3.
4.
General
Powe
r Soc
k
et Dri
v
er
Th
e m
a
in
id
ea of th
is
g
e
n
e
ral p
o
wer so
cket d
r
i
v
er is
to provide
an electronic circ
uit whic
h c
a
n
switch
ON/OFF as i
n
stru
cted. Relay
is
u
s
ed
to p
e
rform
ON/
OFF
switch
i
ng
fun
c
tion
.
Th
e
ci
rcu
it n
e
ed
s t
o
cont
rol
when t
h
e relay is connected t
o
th
e po
w
e
r
sou
r
ce
(O
N)
o
r
th
e
g
r
ou
nd
(
O
FF)
.
Fi
gu
r
e
7
show
s the cir
c
u
i
t
schem
a
t
i
c
. Fun
c
t
i
on o
f
di
o
d
e
IN
40
0
7
i
s
p
r
ot
ect
i
ng t
h
e
co
mp
on
en
ts
wh
en
th
e
r
e
la
y
ch
anges its switch
po
sition
quic
k
ly. Because,
whe
n
rel
a
y switchs its position quic
kl
y, high voltage will be switched i
n
short ti
m
e
.
M
o
re
ove
r, i
n
or
der t
o
kee
p
t
h
e ci
rcui
t
st
abl
e
, opt
oc
ou
pl
er
i
s
used t
o
i
s
ol
at
e
m
i
crocont
r
o
l
l
e
r si
g
n
al
fr
o
m
t
h
e
noi
se
o
f
hi
gh
vol
t
a
ge
. T
h
e c
i
rcui
t
com
p
l
i
e
s wi
t
h
t
h
e p
r
op
ose
d
co
nce
p
t
a
n
d
o
n
l
y
nee
d
s
4
basi
c com
p
o
n
ent
s
(i.e.
tran
sistor, resisto
r
, d
i
od
e,
op
to
co
up
ler)
fo
r con
t
ro
llin
g th
e
relay.
3.
5.
Humidity
and
Temperature
Sens
or
Drive
r
Th
e m
a
in
id
ea of th
is humid
ity-te
m
p
e
ratu
re
(H
-T
) s
e
ns
or
d
r
i
v
er
i
s
t
o
s
u
pp
ort
t
h
e se
ns
or
fun
c
tion
a
lities. In
th
is research
, we
u
s
e sen
s
o
r
DHT11
. Fi
gu
re
8
shows the circu
it. It is v
e
ry sim
p
le, si
n
ce it
only
needs a re
sistor. C
h
oosi
n
g the
accurate
value
of resi
st
or will im
prove
the accuracy
of the se
nsor.
We can
adj
u
st
here by
usi
n
g pot
e
n
si
om
et
er
i
n
or
de
r
t
o
get
t
h
e be
st
val
u
e of res
i
st
ance
i
n
del
i
v
eri
ng val
i
d
d
a
t
a
of
h
u
m
id
ity an
d
t
e
m
p
eratu
r
e. This circu
itry is
on
e
o
f
th
e sim
p
lest h
a
rdware in th
e
p
r
oj
ect.
3.
6.
Ambient Col
o
red
Lam
p
Driver
Th
e m
a
in
id
ea
o
f
th
is am
b
i
e
n
t co
lored
lamp
driv
er is to
p
r
ov
id
e an
electron
ic circu
it wh
ich
can
co
n
t
ro
l th
e co
l
o
rs illu
m
i
n
a
tio
n
and
b
r
i
g
h
t
n
e
ss o
f
Ligh
t Emittin
g
Dio
d
e
(LED) lam
p
. Co
lo
r of th
e lam
p
can
b
e
red
(R)
,
gree
n
(G
),
blue
(B
),
or
their c
o
m
b
ination
(R
GB).
In
o
r
de
r
t
o
desi
gn
a pr
o
p
o
r
t
i
o
nal
d
r
i
v
e
r
, we need
t
o
un
de
rst
a
n
d
t
h
e
charact
e
r
i
s
t
i
c
t
h
e R
G
B
l
a
m
p
i
t
s
el
f. Th
us,
we can
use t
h
e
app
r
op
ri
at
e co
m
ponent
s f
o
r
dri
v
i
n
g
the each LE
D
color. Figure 9
shows the circuit schem
a
tic.
It applies to
e
ach re
d,
gree
n
and
blue c
o
lors, but
di
ffe
re
nt
val
u
e
s
of resi
st
o
r
s c
oul
d ap
pl
y
.
Th
e
R
1
-R
11
are resistors which
help to
create appropriate voltage to
th
e LEDs,
m
e
a
n
wh
ile th
e
R
12
i
s
use
d
fo
r bi
as
i
ng o
f
t
h
e
t
r
a
n
s
i
st
or.
Figure 4.
Specific
ci
rcuit
for door
l
o
ck
Figure 5.
Specific
ci
rc
uit
f
o
r c
u
rtain c
o
n
t
rol
Figu
re 6.
Specific
ci
rcuit
f
o
r fa
n
Figu
re
7.
Specific ci
rcuit
f
o
r
p
o
we
r s
o
c
k
et d
r
ive
r
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IJECE
ISS
N
:
2088-8708
Ra
pi
d P
r
ot
ot
yp
i
ng
Met
h
od
ol
o
g
y
of
Li
g
h
t
w
ei
ght
El
ect
ro
ni
c
Dri
vers f
o
r
Sm
art
H
o
me A
p
pl
i
ances
(
T
ri
o A
d
i
o
no)
2
119
Fi
gu
re 8.
Speci
fi
c
ci
rcui
t
f
o
r H-
T
se
ns
or
Figu
re
9.
Specific ci
rcuit
f
o
r c
o
lo
re
d R
G
B lam
p
4.
EVAL
UATI
O
NS
4.
1.
Functi
o
n
a
lities
In the functional evaluations
, each
prototype is exa
m
ined. For door lo
c
k
drive
r
, we e
x
a
m
ine that if
th
e “pu
ll” comman
d
is g
i
ven
,
so
leno
id
respo
n
d
s
sh
ortly
to
p
u
ll itself. It represen
ts o
p
e
n
co
nd
itio
n.
Wh
en
rev
e
rse co
mma
n
d
“relax
ed
” is g
i
v
e
n
,
so
leno
i
d
is relax
e
d
and
b
a
ck
to
l
o
ck
co
nd
itio
n. Figure 10
is th
e sn
ap
sho
t
fr
om
t
h
e t
e
st
. Fo
r c
u
rt
ai
n c
ont
rol
dri
v
er
,
we e
x
am
i
n
e the re
sponse
of stepper m
o
tor. Steppe
r motor is
cont
rol
l
e
d
t
o
r
o
l
l
as
far
as
de
si
red
o
n
a
pa
rt
i
c
ul
ar
di
rect
i
o
n
(i
.e. cl
ock
w
i
s
e
or
co
u
n
t
e
r-cl
oc
kwi
s
e
)
.
Fi
g
u
re
11
i
s
t
h
e sna
p
s
hot
fr
om
t
h
e t
e
st
. Curt
ai
n ca
n
o
p
e
n
an
d cl
os
e as
expe
cted.
For fan c
o
ntrol driver,
we e
x
am
ine the
resp
o
n
se o
f
D
C
m
o
t
o
r on t
h
e di
ffe
rent
s
p
e
e
d. R
e
sul
t
s
sh
ow t
h
at
DC
m
o
t
o
r can kee
p
u
p
wi
t
h
t
h
e
gi
ven
com
m
a
nds o
n
di
ffe
re
nt
spee
d
.
T
h
e dri
v
e
r
of
DC
m
o
t
o
r
i
s
w
o
r
k
i
n
g pr
o
p
erl
y
as
sh
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
gu
re 1
2
.
For
ge
neral
po
wer s
o
c
k
et
dri
v
er e
v
al
uat
i
o
n,
we use
seve
ra
l
app
r
o
p
ri
at
e a
ppl
i
a
nce
s
t
o
c
o
n
n
ect
(i
.e
.
la
m
p
, LCD
mo
n
itor, telev
i
sio
n
, fan, etc). It ev
alu
a
tes
th
at th
e relay
is
work
i
n
g
p
r
op
erly an
d
th
e con
n
ect
ed
applianc
es re
s
p
ond
ON/
OFF accordi
ngly.
It is shown in
Figure
13. For am
bient colored RGB
lam
p
dri
v
er,
com
b
i
n
at
i
ons
of c
o
l
o
rs are
wo
rki
n
g wel
l
as sho
w
n i
n
Fi
gu
re 1
4
. La
st
l
y
, for
H-
T sen
s
or
dri
v
er e
v
al
uat
i
o
n
s
,
resu
lts are
g
i
ven
in Figure
15
. Resu
lt of sen
s
ing
is
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
A
n
d
r
oi
d
-
base
d m
obi
l
e
ap
pl
i
cat
i
on i
n
sm
art
-
p
hon
e.
It ind
i
cates th
at th
e
driv
er is work
i
n
g
p
r
op
er
ly,
g
i
v
i
ng
th
e v
a
lid
d
a
ta of
h
u
m
id
ity an
d
tem
p
eratu
r
e.
(a)
(b
)
Figure 10.
Fun
c
tio
n
a
l ev
alu
a
tio
n
on
d
oor
lo
ck
driv
er:
(a)
lo
ck
ed
, (b) op
en
ed
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
S
SN
:
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08
I
J
ECE
Vo
l. 6
,
N
o
. 5
,
O
c
tob
e
r
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:
211
4
–
21
24
2
120
(a)
(b
)
Fi
gu
re 1
1
.
Fu
nct
i
onal
eva
l
uat
i
on f
o
r
c
u
rt
ai
n
d
r
i
v
e
r
:
(a
) cl
osed
,
(
b
) ope
ned
(a)
(b
)
Fi
gu
re 1
2
.
Fu
nct
i
onal
eva
l
uat
i
on f
o
r fa
n dri
v
er:
(a) OF
F
,
(
b
)
O
N
(a)
(b
)
Fi
gu
re 1
3
.
Fu
nct
i
onal
eva
l
uat
i
on f
o
r p
o
w
er
soc
k
et
dri
v
er:
(a)
O
FF,
(
b
)
O
N
(a)
(b
)
(c)
(d
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
ECE
I
S
SN
:
208
8-8
7
0
8
Ra
pi
d P
r
ot
ot
yp
i
ng
Met
h
o
d
o
l
o
gy
of
Li
g
h
t
w
ei
ght
El
ect
ro
ni
c
Dri
vers f
o
r
Sm
art
H
o
me A
p
pl
i
ances
(
T
ri
o A
d
i
o
no)
2
121
(
e
) (
f)
Fig
u
re
14
.
Functio
n
a
l ev
alu
a
tio
n fo
r am
b
i
en
t la
m
p
d
r
i
v
er:
(a) re
d, (b
) gre
e
n,
(c
) blue,
(
d
)
m
a
genta,
(
e
) y
e
llow, (f
) whi
t
e
Fig
u
r
e
15
.
Functio
n
a
l ev
alu
a
tio
n fo
r H-
T
senso
r
dr
iv
er
4.
2.
Power Consu
m
ption
Po
wer c
o
ns
um
pt
i
o
n
i
s
eval
ua
t
e
d f
o
r ea
ch
de
vi
ce. R
e
s
u
lts of m
easurem
ent are
prese
n
ted
in Table
2.
We can
see that th
e lowest
cu
rren
t is u
s
ed
wh
en
i
d
le co
nd
itio
n. Mean
wh
ile, in th
e op
erating
cond
itio
n
,
current level ri
ses. The
highe
s
t in
creasing is on RGB lam
p
application.
It
is acceptable because RGB la
m
p
n
eeds a stab
le
cu
rren
t
for illumin
a
tio
n
.
Th
e
secon
d
h
i
gh
est
is do
or lo
ck
ap
p
lication
.
It is pred
icted b
e
cau
se
th
is ap
p
lication
n
e
ed
s eno
ugh
cu
rren
t to
retain
th
e p
o
s
ition
o
f
th
e so
lenoid
wh
en
activ
ated
. Th
e th
ird
u
n
til th
e
last are curtai
n cont
rol,
fa
n c
ont
rol,
powe
r s
o
cket,
an
d
H-T
sens
or
res
p
ect
i
v
el
y
.
Fr
om
t
h
is m
easurem
ent
s
, we
can
see th
at th
e
m
o
st p
o
w
er h
ung
ry d
e
v
i
ce is d
o
o
r lo
ck
, with
~7
W
a
tt. B
u
t, th
e b
e
st p
a
rt is
th
at we o
n
l
y u
s
e
th
e d
oor lo
ck
in
sho
r
t of ti
me wh
en
op
en
i
n
g
th
e do
or. M
o
re
over, the m
o
st fre
quently use
d
de
vice is H-T
sens
or a
nd i
t
onl
y
co
ns
um
es 24
6 m
W
w
h
en
o
p
erat
i
n
g.
From
t
h
ese dat
a
, we ca
n
see t
h
at
l
o
w
po
we
r
con
s
um
pt
i
on i
s
abl
e
t
o
be
ac
hi
eved
u
s
i
n
g t
h
e
pr
o
pose
d
m
e
t
hod
ol
o
g
y
.
Tabl
e 2. Po
wer
co
ns
um
pt
i
on on
de
vi
ces
Device
Voltage
(V)
Cu
rren
t
(
m
A)
Po
wer (
m
W
)
Idle
Operating
Idle
Operating
H-
T
Sensor
5
42.
6
49.
2
213.
0
246.
0
Power
Socket
5
49.
9
123.
7
249.
5
618.
5
Door
L
o
ck
12
42.
3
587.
5
507.
6
7050.
0
Fan Contr
o
l
12
43.
1
145.
1
517.
2
1741.
2
Cur
t
ain Contr
o
l
5
42.
1
317.
2
210.
5
1586.
0
RGB L
a
m
p
5
42.
8
603.
1
214.
0
3015.
5
5.
CO
NCL
USI
O
NS
In t
h
i
s
pa
pe
r,
rapi
d p
r
ot
ot
y
p
i
n
g m
e
t
hod
ol
ogy
o
f
l
i
ght
w
e
i
ght
el
ect
ro
ni
c dri
v
e
r
s f
o
r
sm
art hom
e
appl
i
a
nc
es i
s
p
r
o
p
o
sed
.
Si
nce
m
a
ny
desi
red
appl
i
cat
i
o
ns ca
n be e
xpl
ore
d
and at
t
ache
d
i
n
t
o
t
h
e sm
art
hom
e
sy
st
em
, such m
e
t
hod
ol
o
g
y
i
s
neede
d
t
o
d
e
si
gn t
h
e ef
fe
ctive and effic
i
ent electr
oni
c
dri
v
e
r
s an
d k
eep t
h
e
sy
st
em
co
m
p
l
e
xi
t
y
bei
ng l
o
w
and l
i
ght
wei
g
ht
. The p
r
op
os
ed m
e
t
hod ca
n
overc
om
e several
m
a
i
n
chal
lenge
s
lik
e lo
w system co
m
p
lex
ity, h
i
gh
reliab
ility, u
s
er
friend
l
y, h
i
gh
p
o
rtab
i
lity, an
d
low po
wer co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
.
In
pr
ot
ot
y
p
i
ng e
v
al
uat
i
ons
, seve
ral
dri
v
ers
wi
t
h
re
pre
s
ent
a
i
v
e fu
nct
i
o
ns ca
n be ac
hi
eve
d
and c
o
vere
d
q
u
i
c
kl
y
wi
t
h
o
u
t
m
a
jor
cha
nges
an
d
m
odi
fi
cat
i
ons
i
n
h
o
m
e
el
ect
r
i
cal
sy
st
em
. They
pe
rf
orm
and
w
o
r
k
pr
o
p
e
rl
y
as
expect
e
d
.
It
s
h
ows
t
h
at
t
h
e
pr
op
ose
d
m
e
t
hod
ol
o
g
y
i
s
sy
nc
h
r
oni
ze
d
wi
t
h
t
h
e resea
r
ch
t
a
r
g
et
and
ex
pect
at
i
on.
ACKNOWLE
DGE
M
ENTS
Th
is research
i
s
su
ppo
rted
b
y
“Prog
r
am
Penelitian
Un
ggu
lan
Pergu
r
u
a
n
Tin
g
g
i
DIKTI
2
016
” fro
m
Th
e Min
i
str
y
of
Resear
ch
and Techno
log
y
for
H
i
gh
er
Edu
c
atio
n
(
R
I
S
TEK-D
I
K
T
I)
, Repub
lic of
Ind
o
n
e
sia.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
S
SN
:
2
088
-87
08
I
J
ECE
Vo
l. 6
,
N
o
. 5
,
O
c
tob
e
r
20
16
:
211
4
–
21
24
2
122
REFERE
NC
ES
[1]
M.
Cha
n
,
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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J
ECE
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Met
h
o
d
o
l
o
gy
of
Li
g
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w
ei
ght
El
ect
ro
ni
c
Dri
vers f
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Sm
art
H
o
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i
ances
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2
123
BIOGRAP
HI
ES OF
AUTH
ORS
Trio Adiono
re
c
e
ived
B.Eng
on
Ele
c
tri
cal
Eng
i
n
eering
and M
.
En
g on M
i
cro
e
le
ctr
onics
from
Institut T
e
knolo
g
i Bandung (IT
B), Indonesia,
i
n
1994 and 1996. He obtain
e
d
his Ph.D.
degree
in VLSI
Design from Tok
y
o Institute of
Techno
log
y
, Jap
a
n, in 2002
. He
received
the
"Second Japan Intellectual Prop
erty
Award"
in
2000 from
Nikkei BP for his re
search on
"Low Bit-rate V
i
deo Communica
tion LSI Design". He also holds
a Japanese Patent on "High
Quality
Video C
o
mpression Sy
stem".
Currently
,
he is a lectur
er
at the School of
Electrical
Engineering
an
d Informatics
,
a Head
of
th
e
M
i
croe
le
ctroni
cs
Cent
er
and
IC Des
i
gn
Labora
t
or
y
,
ITB
.
He currentl
y
s
e
rves as a chair
of the IEEE SSCS Indonesia Chapter
.
His
res
earch
inter
e
s
t
s
include VLS
I
, S
i
gnal and I
m
age P
r
oces
s
i
ng, S
m
art Card,
Elec
tronics
Solution Design
and Integration.
Rachmad Vidy
a Wicaksana Putra
rec
e
iv
ed B
.
Sc on
Ele
c
tr
ica
l
Engin
eer
ing in
2012 an
d
M.Sc on Microelectronics with
a distinction Cum Laude in
2015, both from
Institu
t
Teknologi Band
ung (ITB). He received
an I
ndonesia
Endo
wment Fund for Educatio
n
(IE
FE
/L
PDP) Sc
hola
r
ship for his
master stud
y
and potentially
for his PhD stu
d
y
. He w
a
s
involved in sev
e
ral pr
ojects (i.e. Heart
Ra
te Se
nsing, Milit
ar
y
Digital R
a
dar D
i
spla
y, an
d
SDR). Currently, he is manag
i
ng
s
e
veral r
e
s
ear
ch
es
in M
i
croe
le
ct
ronics
Cent
er
ITB (i.e. RF
M
onitor, S
m
art Hom
e
, etc). He i
s
als
o
preparing to s
t
art P
h
D s
t
udy at KTH S
w
ede
n
this
y
e
ar
.
His interests are about VLSI,
SoC/NoC, Neuromorphic, Sign
al
Processing, IoT
and Visible
Light Communi
cation.
Maulana Yusuf
Fathany
re
ce
i
v
ed his B.A.Sc
on Com
puter E
ngineer
ing from
Politeknik
Elekt
r
onika Negeri Surabay
a
,
Institut Tekno
lo
gi Sepuluh Nopem
b
er (ITS), Indonesia in
2013. He receiv
ed M.Sc on Microelectroni
cs
m
a
jor from
Institut
Teknologi B
a
n
dung (ITB),
Indonesia in 20
16. His resear
ch inter
e
sts are
Software Engin
eering
,
Embedd
ed S
y
stems,
Wireless Sensor
Network (WSN), and In
ternet
of Things. His life m
o
tto is
“Life withou
t
Fear, Di
e w
itho
u
t R
e
gret”
Braham Law
a
s
Law
u
receiv
e
d
B.Eng on Electr
i
cal Engi
neering
from Maranatha Christian
Universit
y
in 2
014. He is curr
entl
y
Master
Student in Micro
e
lectronics Major
at Institu
t
Teknologi Band
ung (ITB), Ind
onesia. His res
earch
interests
are main
ly
abo
u
t Analo
g
Ins
t
rum
e
ntation
and M
eas
ur
em
ent, An
alog IC
Design, Contr
o
l, Autom
a
tion
,
RF, Power
Electronics, Embedded
S
y
st
em
s
,
and In
tern
et
of
Things for Smar
t Home.
Khilda Afifah
rec
e
ived
the
B.Ed on
El
ect
rica
l Eng
i
neer
i
ng Educ
ation
,
Universitas
Pendidikan Indo
nesia in
2014. S
h
e is curr
ently
Master Student
on Micr
oelectro
nics Program
in School of Electr
i
cal Engineering and In
form
atics, Institut
Teknologi Band
ung (ITB),
Indonesia. Her
research in
ter
e
sts are anal
og f
r
ont end design for Smart Card, CMOS
techno
log
y
, and
Internet of
Thin
gs for Smart Ho
me.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.