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ased
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e
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th
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tu
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L
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tr
i
k
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esp
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C
-
G,
h
as
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ed
to
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ies
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if
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lo
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s
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n
d
co
n
d
itio
n
s
a
s
d
ep
icted
in
[
2
]
,
[
5
]
,
[
7
]
-
[
9
]
;
esp
ec
iall
y
as
i
t
i
m
p
ac
ts
p
r
o
tectiv
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T
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Af
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Ni
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ast,
[
5
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,
r
ep
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esig
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[1
0]
;
an
d
ca
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also
b
e
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s
ed
to
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m
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[
1
1
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T
h
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ar
e
ap
p
licab
le
to
p
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s
y
s
te
m
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i
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1
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3
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k
V
p
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s
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p
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eq
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ir
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.
T
h
e
co
astal
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s
o
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Ni
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b
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Oce
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,
1
5
f
lash
/
k
m
2
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y
r
[
5
]
,
[
1
2
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.
L
ag
o
s
State
o
f
Nig
er
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th
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an
d
its
lan
d
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3
4
7
4
k
m
2
[
1
3
]
.
B
ased
o
n
L
S
d
ata
f
r
o
m
Nig
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Me
teo
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Ag
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(
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,
t
h
e
S
t
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v
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in
to
th
r
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Ma
r
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(
Victo
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I
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E
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u
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p
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Fig
u
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As
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lier
in
d
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d
,
th
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co
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co
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s
u
b
j
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ted
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in
ten
s
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th
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n
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er
s
to
r
m
s
[
5
]
;
co
n
s
eq
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n
tl
y
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p
o
w
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in
s
ta
llatio
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RE
S
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ARCH
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H
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D
I
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to
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t
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t
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tec
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s
)
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1
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]
.
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alg
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m
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m
p
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2
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2
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2
.
3
.
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o
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l a
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M
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nthly
Av
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e
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nd
Ra
ng
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Sta
t
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f
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S E
v
ent
s
T
h
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m
o
n
th
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n
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an
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S,
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y
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a
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n
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=
∑
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=
1
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-
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h
t
n
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n
g
s
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e
n
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in
g
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v
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m
o
n
t
h
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d
y
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r
y
;
Y
–
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m
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y
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s
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n
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ata
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Av
er
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e
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n
n
u
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L
S e
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ast
.
T
h
i
s
co
r
r
elatio
n
an
al
y
s
e
s
o
f
li
g
h
t
n
in
g
ev
e
n
t
s
an
d
p
o
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o
u
ta
g
e
s
in
11
-
1
3
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k
V
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
alo
n
g
Nig
er
ia
n
co
ast
estab
lis
h
th
e
d
e
g
r
ee
o
f
lig
h
t
n
in
g
d
is
t
u
r
b
an
ce
s
o
n
p
o
w
er
av
ailab
ilit
y
an
d
b
y
i
m
p
licati
o
n
,
in
s
i
g
h
t
i
n
to
th
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
n
e
s
s
o
r
ad
eq
u
ac
y
o
f
e
x
is
t
in
g
li
g
h
tn
i
n
g
p
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o
tectio
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s
c
h
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m
e
i
n
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h
e
s
y
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te
m
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
R.
Kith
il
,
“
F
u
n
d
a
m
e
n
tals o
f
L
ig
h
t
n
in
g
P
r
o
tec
ti
o
n
,
”
Na
ti
o
n
a
l
L
ig
h
tn
in
g
S
a
f
e
t
y
In
stit
u
te (NL
S
I),
2
0
1
0
.
[2
]
S
.
N.
Nik
o
l
o
v
sk
i,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
F
re
q
u
e
n
c
y
a
n
d
T
i
m
e
Re
sp
o
n
se
o
f
P
o
w
e
r
P
lan
t
G
ro
u
n
d
in
g
S
y
ste
m
Ex
p
o
se
d
to
L
ig
h
tn
in
g
S
tri
k
e
,
”
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
a
n
d
C
o
mp
u
ter
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
v
o
l
/i
ss
u
e
:
VI
(
2
)
,
p
p
.
5
1
2
-
5
2
5
,
2
0
1
6
.
[3
]
B.
S
.
R
o
n
a
l
d
,
“
Co
n
su
lt
in
g
o
n
li
g
h
tn
in
g
d
a
m
a
g
e
o
r
in
ju
ry
,
P
h
.
D T
h
e
sis
,”
2
0
1
1
.
[4
]
C.
E.
Dic
k
,
“
A
n
A
n
a
l
y
sis
o
f
th
e
im
p
a
c
t
a
n
d
p
re
d
icta
b
il
i
ty
o
f
li
g
h
tn
in
g
s
tri
k
e
s in
T
a
ll
a
h
a
ss
e
e
,
F
lo
rid
a
,
”
2
0
1
1
.
[5
]
A
.
I.
M
o
w
e
te
a
n
d
M
.
A
.
K.
A
d
e
lab
u
,
“
A
ss
e
ss
m
e
n
t
o
f
li
g
h
tn
in
g
a
n
d
o
th
e
r
e
lec
tro
m
a
g
n
e
ti
c
d
istu
rb
a
n
c
e
s
a
lo
n
g
th
e
c
o
a
st o
f
so
u
th
w
e
st Ni
g
e
ri
a
,
”
XIX
-
th
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
E
lec
tro
ma
g
n
e
ti
c
,
p
p
.
2
0
0
-
2
0
3
,
2
0
0
9
.
[6
]
V
.
C
o
o
ra
y
,
“
T
h
e
L
i
g
h
tn
in
g
F
las
h
,
”
IEE
Po
we
r
a
n
d
En
e
rg
y
,
v
o
l.
3
4
,
p
p
.
5
7
4
-
5
7
9
,
2
0
0
3
.
[7
]
B.
R.
P
.
d
a
Ro
c
h
a
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
L
ig
h
tn
in
g
Ch
a
ra
c
teristics
T
i
m
e
Distrib
u
ti
o
n
o
v
e
r
F
o
u
r
L
o
c
a
ti
o
n
s
i
n
Eas
te
rn
Am
a
z
o
n
ia,
”
in
IX
I
n
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
S
y
mp
o
siu
m
o
n
L
ig
h
tn
in
g
Pro
tec
ti
o
n
(
IX
S
I
PDA)
,
Fo
z
d
o
Ig
u
a
ç
u
(
Bra
zil)
,
2
0
0
7
.
[8
]
J.
O.
A
d
e
p
it
a
n
a
n
d
F
.
O.
Og
u
n
sa
n
w
o
,
“
In
v
e
stig
a
ti
n
g
th
e
Re
latio
n
sh
ip
b
e
tw
e
e
n
so
m
e
T
h
u
n
d
e
rsto
rm
P
a
ra
m
e
ters
a
n
d
G
ro
u
n
d
F
las
h
De
n
sity
,
”
T
h
e
Pa
c
if
ic Jo
u
rn
a
l
o
f
S
c
ie
n
c
e
a
n
d
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
ogy
,
v
ol
/i
ss
u
e
:
1
3
(2
)
,
p
p
.
1
4
8
-
1
5
0
,
2
0
1
2
.
[9
]
C.
L
.
W
o
o
i,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
S
tat
isti
c
a
l
A
n
a
l
y
sis o
n
P
re
li
m
in
a
r
y
Bre
a
k
d
o
w
n
P
u
lse
s o
f
P
o
siti
v
e
Clo
u
d
-
t
o
-
G
ro
u
n
d
L
ig
h
tn
i
n
g
in
M
a
la
y
sia
,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
a
n
d
C
o
mp
u
ter
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
v
o
l
/i
ss
u
e
:
VI
(
2
)
,
p
p
.
8
4
4
-
8
5
0
,
2
0
1
6
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
J
E
C
E
Vo
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7
,
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.
6
,
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em
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er
2
0
1
7
:
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2
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2
–
3
2
7
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3270
[1
0
]
F
.
A
.
A
u
d
it
o
re
,
“
Re
f
u
rb
ish
m
e
n
t
a
n
d
Up
g
ra
d
in
g
De
sig
n
Op
ti
o
n
s
-
li
g
h
tn
i
n
g
M
a
st
V
e
rsu
sO
v
e
rh
e
a
d
S
h
e
il
d
in
g
Co
n
d
u
c
to
r
,
”
in
EE
A
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
,
2
0
0
9
.
[1
1
]
S
.
Ya
k
o
y
a
m
a
,
“
L
ig
h
tn
in
g
De
tec
ti
o
n
a
n
d
L
ig
h
tn
i
n
g
P
ro
tec
ti
o
n
o
f
P
o
w
e
r
S
y
ste
m
in
Ja
p
a
n
P
a
n
e
l
P
a
p
e
r,
”
in
IEE
E
PE
S
T
ra
n
sm
issio
n
a
n
d
Distrib
u
ti
o
n
,
A
sia
Pa
c
if
ic Y
a
k
o
h
a
ma
,
2
0
0
2
.
[1
2
]
G
e
o
lo
g
y
.
c
o
m
,
“
Wo
rld
L
ig
h
tn
in
g
M
a
p
,
”
2
0
1
3
.
[1
3
]
O.
L
e
k
e
a
n
d
E.
G
b
e
n
g
a
,
“
E
ff
e
c
ts
o
f
G
lo
b
a
l
Eco
n
o
m
y
o
n
S
p
a
ti
a
l
S
tru
c
tu
re
o
f
Ik
e
ja,
L
a
g
o
s,
”
in
De
p
a
rt
m
e
n
t
o
f
Urb
a
n
a
n
d
Re
g
io
n
a
l
P
lan
n
in
g
,
F
a
c
u
lt
y
o
f
En
v
iro
n
m
e
n
tal
S
c
ien
c
e
s,
Un
iv
e
rsity
o
f
L
a
g
o
s,
Ak
o
k
a
.
,
L
a
g
o
s,
2
0
1
3
.
[1
4
]
I.
O.
M
e
g
b
o
w
o
n
a
n
d
T
.
O.
Oy
e
b
isi,
“
A
Re
li
a
b
il
it
y
A
ss
e
ss
m
e
n
t
o
f
S
o
u
t
h
W
e
st
T
ra
n
s
m
is
sio
n
L
in
e
s
o
f
th
e
Nig
e
rian
Na
ti
o
n
a
l
G
rid
,
”
FUT
AJEE
T
,
v
o
l
/
i
ss
u
e
:
IV
(
1
)
,
p
p
.
1
7
-
2
2
,
2
0
0
5
.
[1
5
]
G
.
Ke
ll
e
r
a
n
d
B.
W
a
rra
c
k
,
“
S
tatisti
c
s
f
o
r
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
a
n
d
Eco
n
o
m
ic
s,
”
P
a
c
if
ic
G
ro
v
e
,
USA
,
T
h
o
m
p
so
n
L
e
a
rn
in
g
In
c
,
p
p
.
8
3
2
,
2
0
0
3
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.