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11
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2021
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2307
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8708
I
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,
Vo
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11
,
No
.
3
,
J
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n
e
2021
:
2
3
0
7
-
2314
2308
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ith
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p
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h
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p
er
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t
i
s
test
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r
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to
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ac
h
ie
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9
2
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ased
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SO
9
2
4
1
u
s
ab
ilit
y
en
g
i
n
ee
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in
g
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
s
.
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h
is
ex
p
er
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m
e
n
t
r
es
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lt
s
h
o
w
s
c
lear
l
y
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at
t
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e
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y
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te
m
m
o
d
el
is
e
f
f
icien
t
in
ch
ec
k
i
n
g
a
n
d
co
r
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tin
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elev
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ested
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r
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ec
t
w
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d
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d
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ed
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ce
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th
e
m
is
s
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p
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t
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d
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f
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r
w
r
iti
n
g
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ig
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ig
n
a
w
o
r
d
s
o
n
m
o
b
ile
p
h
o
n
e
d
ev
ices.
2.
AB
O
UT
T
I
G
R
I
G
NA
L
A
NG
UAG
E
T
h
e
lan
g
u
a
g
e
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ig
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a
i
s
o
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e
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th
io
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m
et
ic
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g
u
a
g
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ic
h
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elo
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to
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f
r
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atic
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u
p
er
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a
m
il
y
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at
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ig
in
ated
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r
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h
e
a
n
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ien
t
Gee
z
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g
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ag
e,
it
is
m
an
l
y
s
p
o
k
e
n
i
n
t
h
e
E
a
s
t
Af
r
ican
co
u
n
tr
ies
o
f
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ig
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ai
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atio
n
a
l
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tate
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l
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o
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ai
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at
io
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al
r
eg
io
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s
tate
an
d
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r
itre
a
[
9
]
.
T
h
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o
r
e,
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er
e
ar
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m
o
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th
an
s
i
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illi
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a
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p
ea
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wo
r
ld
w
id
e
[
1
0
]
.
“
ት
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is
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s
a
m
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le
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ig
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et
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av
e
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er
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n
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k
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th
e
L
at
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la
n
g
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a
g
e,
th
e
T
ig
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ig
n
a
s
cr
ip
t
h
as
m
o
r
e
t
h
an
3
2
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ase
letter
s
w
it
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s
e
v
e
n
v
o
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c
h
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v
er
y
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ir
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t
letter
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as
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ix
s
u
f
f
ix
e
s
.
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o
r
d
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
i
n
T
ig
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n
a
d
ep
en
d
s
m
ain
l
y
o
n
r
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o
t
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an
d
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atter
n
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o
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h
o
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d
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h
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it
s
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r
ef
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x
es,
s
u
f
f
i
x
es
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an
d
in
f
i
x
es.
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ig
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ig
n
a
is
m
o
r
p
h
o
lo
g
icall
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-
r
ic
h
i
n
th
e
w
a
y
t
h
at
g
r
a
m
m
atica
l
r
ela
tio
n
s
an
d
s
y
n
tactic
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
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e
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icate
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at
th
e
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o
r
d
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f
e
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p
r
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ec
t
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e
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ee
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o
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e
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n
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h
ar
ic
a
n
d
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ig
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a
s
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elli
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g
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h
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esk
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ap
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s
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ed
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3.
RE
S
E
ARCH
M
E
T
H
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D
T
h
is
h
as
g
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v
e
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u
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o
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h
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o
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el
th
e
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ig
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ig
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a
lan
g
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ag
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s
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ellc
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d
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r
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n
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y
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te
m
f
o
r
m
o
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ile
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h
o
n
e
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ev
ices
,
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esig
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ap
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r
o
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iate
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o
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ith
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s
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o
r
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ig
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ig
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a
s
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ellch
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y
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te
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a
n
d
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s
tr
u
m
e
n
t n
ee
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ed
.
3
.
1
.
P
ro
ce
s
s
m
o
del (
pro
t
o
t
y
pin
g
m
o
de
l)
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h
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tu
d
y
u
s
es
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g
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ce
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s
m
o
d
el
f
o
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th
e
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ev
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
th
e
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o
to
t
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e.
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h
e
m
o
d
el
is
d
ev
elo
p
ed
b
ased
o
n
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
w
ell
-
k
n
o
w
n
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
e
n
t
s
.
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h
is
m
o
d
el
allo
w
s
th
e
u
s
e
r
s
to
in
ter
ac
t
an
d
ex
p
er
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m
e
n
t
w
it
h
a
w
o
r
k
i
n
g
m
o
d
el
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
t
e
m
ca
lled
as
p
r
o
to
ty
p
in
g
m
o
d
e
[
1
1
-
1
2
]
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
lif
ec
y
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e
p
h
ases
t
h
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ar
e
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n
th
e
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e
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e
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g
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o
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l sh
o
w
s
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
1.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
P
r
o
t
o
ty
p
i
n
g
m
o
d
el
o
f
s
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li
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3
.
2
.
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t
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o
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h
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eq
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[
1
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=
1
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W
h
er
e:
N
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r
d
s
ize=
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r
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en
t
s
ta
g
es
(
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h
ases
)
:
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h
e
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ir
s
t
s
ta
g
e,
d
etec
tin
g
o
f
er
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r
s
,
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u
r
in
g
t
h
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le
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th
e
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al
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d
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e
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s
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ell
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d
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t
h
e
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u
t
s
tr
i
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g
.
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h
e
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o
n
d
,
m
a
k
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s
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g
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tio
n
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t
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s
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t
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a
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o
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e
r
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i
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u
t
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e
d
m
i
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e
l
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w
o
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.
A
n
d
t
h
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l
a
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t
a
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o
,
r
a
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k
i
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t
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a
n
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a
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c
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o
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e
r
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o
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s
,
d
u
r
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w
h
i
c
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t
h
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s
e
c
a
n
d
i
d
a
t
e
s
a
r
e
s
o
r
t
e
d
o
u
t
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
m
o
s
t
li
k
el
y
r
ep
lace
m
e
n
t
to
th
e
s
m
a
lles
t
p
o
s
s
ib
le
o
n
es
b
a
s
ed
o
n
th
eir
a
s
s
o
ciate
d
er
r
o
r
w
ei
g
h
t.
Mo
s
t
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
s
tr
ea
t
ea
ch
s
ta
g
e
as
a
n
is
o
lated
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
a
n
d
p
er
f
o
r
m
i
n
g
th
e
m
i
n
s
eq
u
e
n
ce
s
.
F
ig
u
r
e
2
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
i
n
g
o
f
T
ig
r
ig
n
a
la
n
g
u
a
g
e
s
p
ellc
h
e
ck
er
an
d
co
r
r
ec
to
r
s
y
s
te
m
clea
r
l
y
f
o
r
th
e
r
ea
d
er
s
in
t
h
i
s
r
esp
ec
t.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
T
i
g
r
ig
n
a
s
p
elli
n
g
c
h
ec
k
er
s
y
s
te
m
ad
ap
ted
f
r
o
m
[
1
4
]
First
p
h
a
s
e
:
S
ta
r
t
en
g
in
e
co
mp
o
n
en
t
,
is
th
e
f
ir
s
t
ti
m
e
g
ets
o
n
e
in
s
er
ted
w
o
r
d
o
n
t
h
e
tex
t
in
p
u
t
b
o
x
.
A
f
ter
th
ese
c
h
ar
ac
ter
s
ar
e
r
ec
eiv
ed
,
in
itiate
th
e
w
o
r
d
d
etec
tin
g
er
r
o
r
b
y
co
m
p
ar
in
g
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
d
atab
ase.
A
d
ictio
n
ar
y
lo
o
k
u
p
is
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
alg
o
r
ith
m
w
h
ic
h
h
elp
s
f
o
r
ch
ec
k
i
n
g
th
e
d
ata
en
ter
ed
b
y
u
s
er
s
w
h
et
h
er
co
r
r
ec
t o
r
m
i
s
s
p
ell.
Seco
n
d
p
h
ase
:
Ma
ke
s
u
g
g
esti
o
n
,
th
at
is
D
eletio
n
,
I
n
s
er
tio
n
,
an
d
D
eletio
n
o
r
S
u
b
s
titu
tio
n
r
eq
u
ir
ed
to
ch
an
g
e
o
n
e
w
o
r
d
i
n
to
t
h
e
o
t
h
e
r
.
On
t
h
i
s
s
tag
e
t
h
e
d
etec
ted
er
r
o
r
w
o
r
d
m
a
k
e
s
u
g
g
esti
o
n
b
as
ed
o
n
t
h
e
r
u
le
o
f
m
i
n
i
m
u
m
ed
it d
is
ta
n
ce
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
11
,
No
.
3
,
J
u
n
e
2021
:
2
3
0
7
-
2314
2310
T
h
ir
d
p
h
ase
:
W
o
r
d
r
a
n
ke
r
,
b
y
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
t
h
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
o
f
e
ac
h
w
o
r
d
,
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
r
an
k
to
e
ac
h
w
o
r
d
s
i
n
th
e
l
is
t
o
f
f
o
u
n
d
w
o
r
d
s
.
W
o
r
d
s
w
ith
h
ig
h
es
t
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
w
il
l
g
et
h
i
g
h
e
s
t
r
a
n
k
a
n
d
t
h
o
s
e
w
it
h
lea
s
t
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
w
ill
g
e
t
th
e
least
r
an
k
.
R
a
n
k
in
g
p
o
licies
ar
e
u
s
ed
to
d
eter
m
i
n
e
th
e
w
o
r
d
(
s
)
to
b
e
s
u
g
g
es
ted
o
r
co
r
r
ec
ted
.
As
m
o
b
ile
d
ev
ice
s
h
a
v
e
s
cr
ee
n
s
ize
co
n
s
tr
ai
n
ts
,
it
i
s
n
o
t
p
o
s
s
ib
le
to
d
is
p
la
y
lar
g
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
p
r
ed
icted
w
o
r
d
s
s
o
th
at
a
u
s
e
r
ca
n
s
elec
t
h
i
s
/h
er
d
esire
d
w
o
r
d
f
r
o
m
th
e
li
s
t.
T
h
u
s
,
s
o
m
e
tr
ials
ar
e
d
o
n
e
to
d
ec
id
e
th
e
co
n
v
e
n
ie
n
t
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
w
o
r
d
s
to
b
e
d
is
p
la
y
ed
.
As
a
r
esu
lt
o
f
t
h
e
s
e
tr
ials
,
it
i
s
f
o
u
n
d
t
h
at
d
is
p
la
y
in
g
s
ix
(
6
)
r
elev
a
n
t
w
o
r
d
s
at
a
t
i
m
e
w
il
l
b
e
m
u
c
h
co
n
v
en
ie
n
t.
Hen
ce
,
t
h
e
R
ele
v
a
n
t
W
o
r
d
s
u
g
g
e
s
tio
n
E
n
g
i
n
e
w
ill
d
is
p
la
y
th
e
to
p
s
i
x
o
r
b
elo
w
r
an
k
ed
w
o
r
d
s
as a
n
o
u
tp
u
t o
f
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
.
3
.
4
.
Sy
s
t
e
m
s
m
o
del
ing
f
o
r
t
ig
rig
na
s
pellin
g
chec
ker
a
nd
co
rr
ec
t
io
n
T
h
e
t
w
o
m
ai
n
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
p
r
o
v
i
d
e
s
b
y
a
s
p
ellch
ec
k
er
s
ar
e
s
p
ellin
g
er
r
o
r
d
etec
ti
n
g
an
d
s
p
ellin
g
er
r
o
r
co
r
r
ec
ti
ng
.
E
r
r
o
r
d
etec
tio
n
is
to
v
er
if
y
t
h
e
v
alid
it
y
o
f
a
wo
r
d
in
th
e
la
n
g
u
a
g
e
w
h
ile
er
r
o
r
co
r
r
ec
tio
n
is
to
s
u
g
g
e
s
t c
o
r
r
ec
tio
n
s
f
o
r
th
e
m
is
s
p
elled
w
o
r
d
[
1
5
-
16
].
Fig
u
r
e
3
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
Sp
ell
c
h
ec
k
er
a
n
d
co
r
r
ec
to
r
s
y
s
te
m
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
T
ig
r
ig
n
a
s
p
elli
n
g
c
h
ec
k
er
s
y
s
te
m
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
ad
o
p
ted
f
r
o
m
[
17
]
3
.
5
.
T
ec
hn
i
qu
e
s
f
o
r
co
rr
ec
t
ing
s
pellin
g
er
ro
r
3
.
5
.
1
.
Dict
io
na
ry
lo
o
k
up
T
h
e
o
b
j
ec
tiv
e
o
f
a
T
ig
r
ig
n
a
s
p
ellch
ec
k
er
an
d
co
r
r
ec
tio
n
is
s
u
g
g
es
tin
g
an
d
co
m
p
leti
n
g
t
h
e
w
o
r
d
a
u
s
er
i
s
n
ee
d
to
t
y
p
e
a
d
ictio
n
ar
y
lo
o
k
u
p
is
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
alg
o
r
it
h
m
w
h
ic
h
h
elp
s
to
c
h
ec
k
th
e
d
ata
en
ter
ed
b
y
u
s
er
s
w
h
et
h
er
co
r
r
ec
t o
r
m
is
s
p
ell.
A
d
ictio
n
ar
y
is
a
li
s
t o
f
w
o
r
d
s
th
at
ar
e
ass
u
m
ed
to
b
e
co
r
r
ec
t
[
18
-
19
].
3
.
5
.
2
.
E
dit
dis
t
a
nce
T
h
e
m
in
i
m
u
m
ed
it
d
is
ta
n
ce
is
th
e
m
i
n
i
m
u
m
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
o
p
er
atio
n
s
(
in
s
er
tio
n
s
,
d
eletio
n
s
a
n
d
s
u
b
s
t
itu
t
io
n
s
)
r
eq
u
ir
ed
to
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
o
n
e
te
x
t
s
tr
i
n
g
i
n
to
an
o
th
er
.
I
n
its
o
r
ig
in
al
f
o
r
m
,
m
i
n
i
m
u
m
ed
it
d
is
ta
n
ce
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
r
eq
u
ir
e
o
r
ig
in
a
l
f
o
r
m
,
m
in
i
m
u
m
ed
it
d
is
ta
n
c
e
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
co
m
p
ar
i
s
o
n
s
b
et
w
ee
n
m
is
s
p
elled
s
tr
i
n
g
an
d
th
e
d
ict
i
o
n
ar
y
o
f
m
w
o
r
d
s
.
A
f
ter
c
o
m
p
ar
is
o
n
,
t
h
e
w
o
r
d
s
w
it
h
m
i
n
i
m
u
m
ed
it
d
i
s
tan
ce
ar
e
ch
o
s
en
a
s
co
r
r
ec
t a
lter
n
ativ
e
s
[
1
9
-
20
].
Dis
ta
n
ce
(“
ደ
ጋ
ፈ
ፈ
ኣ
”,
“
ደ
ፋፍኣ
”)
=>
1
(
d
eletio
n
)
Dis
ta
n
ce
(“
ማእ
ታ
ት
”,
“
ሰማእታ
ት
”)
=>
1
(
in
s
er
tio
n
)
Dis
ta
n
ce
(“
ሀሚ
ሮ
ም
”,
“
ጀሚ
ሮ
ም
”)
=>
1
(
s
u
b
s
titu
tio
n
)
3
.
5
.
3
.
L
ev
ens
hte
in di
s
t
a
nce
L
e
v
en
s
h
te
in
d
is
ta
n
ce
(
L
D)
is
a
m
ea
s
u
r
e
o
f
th
e
s
i
m
ilar
i
t
y
b
e
t
w
ee
n
t
w
o
s
tr
i
n
g
s
,
th
e
s
o
u
r
ce
s
tr
in
g
(
s
)
an
d
th
e
tar
g
et
s
tr
in
g
(
t)
.
T
h
e
d
is
tan
ce
i
s
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
d
eletio
n
s
,
i
n
s
er
tio
n
s
,
o
r
s
u
b
s
tit
u
tio
n
s
r
eq
u
ir
ed
to
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
s
i
n
to
t [
21
]
.
3
.
5
.
4
.
Sta
t
is
t
ica
l
s
pellin
g
s
ug
g
estio
n us
ing
f
re
qu
ency
T
h
e
s
i
m
p
le
s
t
f
o
r
m
to
m
i
n
i
m
iz
e
th
e
d
ata
t
h
at
is
s
u
g
g
e
s
ted
b
y
th
e
al
g
o
r
it
h
m
d
ictio
n
ar
y
lo
c
k
u
p
an
d
ed
it
d
is
tan
ce
i
s
u
s
i
n
g
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
o
f
w
o
r
d
s
.
S
u
g
g
e
s
tio
n
u
s
es
a
f
ix
ed
lex
ico
n
.
E
ac
h
o
f
t
h
e
w
o
r
d
s
co
n
tai
n
ed
w
it
h
in
it
h
av
e
a
f
r
e
q
u
en
c
y
s
co
r
e
ass
o
ci
ated
w
i
th
r
elatin
g
to
h
o
w
o
f
te
n
it
is
u
s
ed
in
t
h
e
la
n
g
u
a
g
e
i
n
g
en
er
al
[
22
]
.
T
h
ese
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8708
Tig
r
ig
n
a
La
n
g
u
a
g
e
s
p
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k
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n
d
co
r
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tio
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s
ystem
fo
r
mo
b
ile
p
h
o
n
e
d
ev
ices
(
A
ta
kilti B
r
h
a
n
u
K
ir
o
s
)
2311
co
r
p
o
r
a
ar
e
u
s
u
all
y
b
a
s
ed
o
n
tex
t
u
al
o
r
w
r
itte
n
la
n
g
u
a
g
e
al
th
o
u
g
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th
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y
ar
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s
o
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eti
m
e
s
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er
iv
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f
r
o
m
s
p
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g
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a
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e.
T
ab
le
1
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
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li
s
ts
o
f
t
h
ir
t
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t f
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tati
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tical
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o
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m
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’
s
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d
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le
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g
th
o
f
ea
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h
w
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d
s
an
d
av
er
ag
e
w
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r
d
-
le
n
g
th
[
2
2
-
2
4
]
o
f
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ig
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n
a
lan
g
u
ag
e
s
u
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w
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s
m
it
h
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d
s
m
ith
to
o
l,
is
u
s
ed
to
f
i
n
d
t
h
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s
tatis
t
ical
i
n
f
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li
k
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t
h
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w
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d
-
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f
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.
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h
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co
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eq
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[
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h
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
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p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
11
,
No
.
3
,
J
u
n
e
2021
:
2
3
0
7
-
2314
2312
4.
P
RO
P
O
SE
D
US
E
R
I
N
T
E
R
F
ACES
Sin
ce
t
h
e
I
DE
u
s
ed
f
o
r
th
e
p
r
o
to
ty
p
e
d
esig
n
o
f
th
e
s
u
g
g
e
s
tio
n
s
y
s
te
m
i
s
A
n
d
r
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id
,
A
n
d
r
o
id
co
m
es
w
it
h
XM
L
f
ile
to
cr
ea
te
th
e
u
s
er
in
ter
f
ac
es
[
2
5
]
.
T
h
u
s
,
s
y
s
te
m
i
n
ter
f
ac
e,
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fig
u
r
e
4
,
h
a
s
b
ee
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p
r
ep
ar
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d
.
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v
er
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tex
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co
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s
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th
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p
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p
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n
tex
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s
s
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g
x
m
l
f
ile
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.
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co
m
p
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n
en
t
s
w
h
ic
h
ar
e
u
s
er
in
ter
f
ac
es
u
s
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in
th
i
s
p
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o
to
ty
p
e
ar
e
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ex
t
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w
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to
tex
t
co
m
p
let
io
n
.
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h
e
s
y
s
te
m
s
m
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d
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g
f
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a
s
p
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k
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to
r
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t
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o
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ile
p
h
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d
ev
ices
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lan
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Fi
g
u
r
e
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,
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t
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atio
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u
r
e
4
.
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s
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ter
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5.
RE
SU
L
T
S
A
ND
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
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h
e
q
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alit
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o
n
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SO9
2
4
1
-
1
0
u
s
ab
ilit
y
m
et
r
ics:
I
SO
9
2
4
1
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ia’
s
ar
e
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
to
g
u
id
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h
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y
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f
d
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ig
n
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t
h
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s
tu
d
y
.
A
s
a
r
es
u
lt
o
f
th
at,
th
e
r
es
u
lts
o
f
h
o
w
t
h
ese
cr
i
ter
ia
in
f
lu
e
n
ce
t
h
e
d
esig
n
w
o
r
k
ar
e
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esen
ted
in
th
i
s
s
ec
tio
n
.
T
h
e
s
p
ellch
ec
k
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tex
t
en
tr
y
h
a
s
s
u
cc
es
s
f
u
l
l
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ea
ted
,
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d
th
e
s
u
itab
il
it
y
o
f
t
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e
s
y
s
t
e
m
m
o
d
e
lin
g
p
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to
ty
p
e
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ased
o
n
th
e
u
s
ab
ilit
y
m
e
tr
ics.
T
h
e
r
esu
lt
th
at
ac
h
iev
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is
f
o
u
n
d
af
ter
th
e
ex
p
er
i
m
e
n
t
s
h
o
w
s
in
th
e
T
ab
le
3
,
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
r
elev
an
t
s
u
g
g
ested
an
d
n
o
n
-
r
el
ev
an
t
(
n
o
t
co
r
r
ec
tl
y
s
u
g
g
e
s
ted
)
w
o
r
d
s
f
o
r
th
e
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
w
o
r
d
-
len
g
t
h
s
.
T
h
e
co
lu
m
n
n
a
m
ed
as
co
llected
wo
r
d
s
r
ep
r
esen
ts
th
e
n
u
m
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er
o
f
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llected
w
o
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d
s
f
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r
test
in
g
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e
s
y
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te
m
w
it
h
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
w
o
r
d
len
g
t
h
o
f
ea
ch
w
o
r
d
.
T
h
e
co
lu
m
n
,
Su
g
g
e
s
ted
W
o
r
d
s
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
s
o
f
r
ele
v
an
t
w
o
r
d
s
a
f
ter
w
o
r
d
w
er
e
w
r
itte
n
f
o
r
w
o
r
d
len
g
t
h
.
An
d
th
e
tab
le
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
p
er
ce
n
ta
g
e
o
f
s
u
g
g
e
s
ted
w
o
r
d
s
o
f
t
h
e
r
esp
ec
t
iv
e
w
o
r
d
-
len
g
t
h
s
.
T
ab
le
3
.
Nu
m
b
er
o
f
r
elev
an
t
w
o
r
d
s
an
d
n
o
n
-
r
ele
v
a
n
t
w
o
r
d
s
f
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ch
w
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d
len
g
t
h
W
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r
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e
n
g
t
h
C
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W
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L
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n
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t
h
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l
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t
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d
2
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r
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t
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7
3
3
92%
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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E
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&
C
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m
p
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g
I
SS
N:
2088
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8708
Tig
r
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p
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co
r
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tio
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ystem
fo
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mo
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h
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ev
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(
A
ta
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2313
In
T
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er
an
d
co
r
r
ec
tio
n
in
m
o
b
ile
p
h
o
n
e
d
ev
ice
s
s
co
r
es
9
2
%.
T
h
is
r
esu
l
t
s
h
o
w
s
clea
r
l
y
th
a
t
th
e
m
et
h
o
d
is
ef
f
ic
ien
t
i
n
g
e
n
er
ati
n
g
r
elev
an
t
s
u
g
g
ested
co
r
r
ec
t
w
o
r
d
s
an
d
r
ed
u
ce
s
th
e
m
is
s
p
elled
i
n
p
u
t
w
o
r
d
s
f
o
r
w
r
iti
n
g
T
ig
r
ig
n
a
w
o
r
d
s
o
n
m
o
b
ile
p
h
o
n
e
d
ev
ice
s
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e
th
is
an
s
w
er
s
th
e
s
tate
m
en
t
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
b
le
m
t
h
i
s
d
ev
elo
p
ed
s
y
s
te
m
m
o
d
el
i
s
e
f
f
ic
ien
t
i
n
g
en
er
ati
n
g
r
ele
v
an
t
s
u
g
g
e
s
tio
n
i
n
s
p
ellch
ec
k
er
an
d
co
r
r
ec
tio
n
.
T
h
is
q
u
esti
o
n
an
s
w
er
s
b
y
g
e
n
er
atin
g
r
elev
a
n
t
s
u
g
g
ested
w
o
r
d
s
.
W
r
itin
g
T
ig
r
ig
n
a
w
o
r
d
s
to
y
o
u
r
m
o
b
ile
p
h
o
n
e
w
h
e
n
w
e
u
s
e
t
h
e
s
p
ell
in
g
c
h
ec
k
er
an
d
co
r
r
ec
tio
n
w
o
r
d
en
tr
y
m
e
th
o
d
w
e
ca
n
m
i
n
i
m
ize
Mi
s
s
p
ell
i
n
p
u
t
tex
t
an
d
en
h
a
n
ce
th
e
co
m
m
u
n
ica
tio
n
i
n
w
r
iti
n
g
T
ig
r
ig
n
a
lan
g
u
ag
e
in
o
u
r
m
o
b
il
e
p
h
o
n
e
d
ev
ices.
6.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
A
T
h
e
o
b
j
ec
tiv
es
o
f
th
i
s
s
t
u
d
y
ar
e
to
d
esig
n
an
d
d
ev
elo
p
m
o
d
el
f
o
r
Sp
ellch
ec
k
er
an
d
c
o
r
r
ec
to
r
f
o
r
m
o
b
ile
p
h
o
n
e
d
ev
ice
s
f
o
r
th
e
lo
w
-
r
eso
u
r
ce
d
T
ig
r
ig
n
a
la
n
g
u
ag
e
,
an
d
s
u
b
s
eq
u
e
n
tl
y
test
it
s
ac
tu
al
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
b
ased
o
n
I
SO
9
2
4
1
u
s
ab
ilit
y
en
g
i
n
ee
r
i
n
g
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
s
.
T
h
ese
w
er
e
f
u
l
f
i
lled
w
h
er
eb
y
t
h
e
T
ig
r
ig
n
a
s
p
ellc
h
ec
k
er
an
d
co
r
r
ec
to
r
p
r
o
to
ty
p
e
h
as
s
u
cc
ess
f
u
l
l
y
co
r
r
ec
ted
m
i
s
s
p
elle
d
w
o
r
d
s
d
u
r
i
n
g
ac
tu
al
in
te
r
ac
t
io
n
b
y
t
h
e
T
ig
r
ig
n
a
u
s
er
s
;
t
h
a
n
k
s
to
tech
n
iq
u
es
f
o
r
co
r
r
ec
tin
g
s
p
ell
er
r
o
r
:
d
i
ctio
n
ar
y
lo
o
k
u
p
,
ed
it
d
is
tan
c
e,
an
d
lev
en
s
h
tei
n
d
is
tan
ce
.
T
h
e
u
s
ab
ilit
y
o
f
th
is
s
y
s
te
m
m
o
d
eli
n
g
p
r
o
to
t
y
p
e
b
ased
o
n
th
e
u
s
ab
ilit
y
m
etr
ic
s
(
I
SO
9
2
4
1
u
s
ab
ilit
y
en
g
i
n
ee
r
i
n
g
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
)
ac
h
ie
v
in
g
t
h
e
r
es
u
lt
9
2
%
is
i
n
ter
p
r
eted
as
T
ig
r
ig
n
a
u
s
er
s
h
ad
ef
f
ec
tiv
el
y
in
ter
ac
ted
w
it
h
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
.
B
ased
o
n
th
e
f
o
r
eg
o
in
g
t
h
e
r
esear
c
h
er
s
,
t
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
co
n
clu
d
e
t
h
at
th
e
tech
n
i
q
u
es e
m
p
lo
y
ed
f
o
r
co
r
r
ec
tin
g
T
ig
r
ig
n
a
s
p
elli
n
g
er
r
o
r
in
m
o
b
ile
p
h
o
n
e
ap
p
licatio
n
tex
t
en
tr
y
;
an
d
p
r
o
to
ty
p
i
n
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
m
o
d
el
u
s
ed
to
d
ev
elo
p
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
w
er
e
a
ll
ef
f
ec
ti
v
e
m
et
h
o
d
s
an
d
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
es
in
b
u
ild
i
n
g
s
m
ar
t
p
h
o
n
e
ap
p
licatio
n
s
th
at
in
v
o
l
v
e
te
x
t
en
tr
y
f
o
r
T
ig
r
ig
n
a
p
eo
p
le
in
E
th
io
p
ia.
I
n
t
h
e
Fu
tu
r
e,
T
h
e
r
esear
ch
er
s
ar
e
a
w
ar
e
t
h
at
t
h
e
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
t
o
t
y
p
e
s
y
s
t
e
m
c
a
n
b
e
f
u
r
t
h
e
r
e
n
h
a
n
c
e
d
b
y
i
n
c
r
e
a
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
w
o
r
d
s
i
n
t
h
e
d
a
t
a
b
a
s
e
a
n
d
e
v
a
l
u
a
t
i
o
n
c
a
r
r
i
e
d
o
u
t
b
y
t
h
e
u
s
e
r
s
o
f
t
h
e
l
a
n
g
u
a
g
e
i
n
m
o
b
i
l
e
.
W
e
c
a
n
a
l
s
o
e
n
h
a
n
c
e
t
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
to
ty
p
e
s
y
s
te
m
s
b
y
u
s
i
n
g
h
y
b
r
id
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
w
h
ich
co
m
b
i
n
es e
d
it d
is
ta
n
ce
w
it
h
N
g
r
a
m
tech
n
iq
u
es.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
F.
T
.
Be
k
e
le
,
“
M
o
rp
h
o
l
o
g
y
Ba
s
e
d
S
p
e
ll
C
h
e
c
k
e
r
f
o
r
Ka
f
i
No
o
n
o
o
L
a
n
g
u
a
g
e
,
”
P
u
b
li
sh
e
d
M
a
ste
r'
s
T
h
e
sis,
A
d
d
is
A
b
a
b
a
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
o
f
Co
ll
e
g
e
o
f
N
a
tu
ra
l
S
c
ien
c
e
s,
2
0
1
8
.
[2
]
I.
S
c
o
t
t
M
a
c
Ke
n
z
ie
a
n
d
R.
W
il
li
a
m
S
o
u
k
o
re
f
f
,
“
T
e
x
t
En
try
f
o
r
M
o
b
i
le
Co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
:
M
o
d
e
ls
a
n
d
M
e
th
o
d
s,
T
h
e
o
ry
a
n
d
P
ra
c
ti
c
e
,
”
Hu
ma
n
-
Co
m
p
u
ter
In
ter
a
c
ti
o
n
,
v
o
l
.
1
7
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
1
4
7
-
1
9
8
,
2
0
0
2
.
[3
]
C.
W
h
it
e
law
,
B.
Hu
tch
in
so
n
,
G
.
Ch
u
n
g
,
a
n
d
G
.
El
li
s,
“
Us
in
g
th
e
w
e
b
f
o
r
lan
g
u
a
g
e
in
d
e
p
e
n
d
e
n
t
sp
e
ll
c
h
e
c
k
in
g
a
n
d
a
u
to
c
o
rre
c
ti
o
n
,
”
EM
NL
P
'
0
9
:
P
ro
c
e
e
d
in
g
s
o
f
th
e
2
0
0
9
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
Emp
irica
l
M
e
th
o
d
s
i
n
Na
t
u
ra
l
L
a
n
g
u
a
g
e
Pro
c
e
ss
in
g
,
v
o
l
.
2
,
p
p
.
8
9
0
-
8
9
9
,
2
0
0
9
.
[4
]
Q.
Ch
e
n
,
M
.
L
i,
a
n
d
M
.
Z
h
o
u
,
“
Im
p
ro
v
in
g
q
u
e
r
y
sp
e
ll
in
g
c
o
rre
c
ti
o
n
u
si
n
g
we
b
se
a
rc
h
re
su
lt
s,”
in
Pro
c
e
e
d
in
g
s
o
f
th
e
2
0
0
7
J
o
i
n
t
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
E
mp
irica
l
M
e
th
o
d
s
i
n
Na
t
u
ra
l
L
a
n
g
u
a
g
e
Pro
c
e
ss
in
g
a
n
d
Co
mp
u
t
a
ti
o
n
a
l
N
a
tu
r
a
l
L
a
n
g
u
a
g
e
L
e
a
rn
i
n
g
(
EM
NL
P
-
Co
NL
L
)
,
2
0
0
7
,
p
p
.
1
8
1
-
1
8
9
.
[5
]
J.
G
a
o
,
X
.
L
i,
D.
M
ico
l,
C
.
Qu
irk
,
a
n
d
X
.
S
u
n
,
“
A
larg
e
sc
a
le
ra
n
k
e
r
b
a
se
d
s
y
ste
m
f
o
r
se
a
rc
h
q
u
e
ry
sp
e
ll
in
g
c
o
rre
c
ti
o
n
,
”
in
Pro
c
e
e
d
i
n
g
s
o
f
t
h
e
2
3
rd
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
Co
mp
u
ta
t
io
n
a
l
L
i
n
g
u
isti
c
s.
Asso
c
ia
ti
o
n
fo
r
Co
mp
u
t
a
ti
o
n
a
l
L
in
g
u
isti
c
s
,
2
0
1
0
,
p
p
.
3
5
8
-
366
.
[6
]
P
.
G
u
p
ta,
M
.
S
h
a
rm
a
,
K.
P
it
a
l
e
,
a
n
d
K.
Ku
m
a
r,
“
P
ro
b
lem
s
w
it
h
a
u
to
m
a
ti
n
g
tran
sla
ti
o
n
o
f
m
o
v
ie/
TV
sh
o
w
su
b
ti
tl
e
s,”
a
rx
iv p
re
p
rin
t
Aa
rX
iv:
a
b
s/1
9
0
9
.
0
5
3
6
2
,
2
0
1
9
.
[7
]
H.
F
a
il
i,
E.
Na
v
a
,
M
.
M
o
rtaz
a
a
n
d
P
.
M
.
T
a
h
e
r,
“
V
a
f
a
sp
e
ll
-
c
h
e
c
k
e
r
f
o
r
d
e
tec
ti
n
g
sp
e
ll
in
g
,
g
ra
m
m
a
ti
c
a
l,
a
n
d
re
a
l
-
w
o
rd
e
rro
r
s
o
f
P
e
r
s
i
a
n
l
a
n
g
u
a
g
e
,
”
D
i
g
i
t
a
l
S
c
h
o
l
a
r
s
h
i
p
i
n
t
h
e
H
u
m
a
n
i
t
i
e
s
A
d
v
a
n
c
e
A
c
c
e
s
s
,
v
o
l
.
3
1
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
1
-
31
,
2
0
1
4
.
[8
]
M
.
R.
Isla
m
,
M
.
R.
Isla
m
a
n
d
T
.
A
.
M
a
z
u
m
d
e
r,
“
M
o
b
il
e
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
a
n
d
it
s
G
lo
b
a
l
Im
p
a
c
t,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
&
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
(
IJ
ET
-
IJ
ENS
)
,
v
o
l.
1
0
,
n
o
.
0
6
,
p
p
.
72
-
78
,
2
0
1
0
.
[9
]
A
z
a
th
M
.
,
a
n
d
T
se
g
a
y
Kiro
s,
“
S
tatisti
c
a
l
M
a
c
h
in
e
T
ra
n
sla
to
r
f
o
r
En
g
li
sh
to
T
ig
rig
n
a
T
ra
n
sla
ti
o
n
,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
S
c
ien
ti
fi
c
&
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
Res
e
a
rc
h
,
v
o
l.
9
,
n
o
.
0
1
,
p
p
.
2
0
9
5
-
2
0
9
9
,
2
0
2
0
.
[1
0
]
T
.
S
e
m
e
re
,
“
P
ro
b
a
b
i
li
stic
T
ig
rig
n
a
-
Am
h
a
ric
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T
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3
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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3
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2021
:
2
3
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2314
[1
4
]
T
.
M
.
M
ian
g
a
h
,
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a
rsiS
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ll
:
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s
p
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6
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S
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7
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8
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9
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.
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Kim
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.
,
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5
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0
]
D.
Blan
k
,
“
S
p
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Ch
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Ra
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p
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1
8
.
[2
2
]
J.
Cro
w
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ll
,
Q.
Zen
g
,
L
.
Ng
o
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n
d
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3
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.
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d
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.
S
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0
.
[2
4
]
J.
Eg
b
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d
D
.
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r
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5
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P
ic
h
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ian
i,
M
.
C.
,
a
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d
Hira
ta,
C.
M.
,
“
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tatio
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N
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l.
1
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.
5
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p
.
6
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-
6
7
9
,
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0
1
4
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.