I
nte
rna
t
io
na
l J
o
urna
l o
f
E
lect
rica
l a
nd
Co
m
p
ute
r
E
ng
in
ee
ring
(
I
J
E
CE
)
Vo
l.
10
,
No
.
2
,
A
p
r
il
2
0
2
0
,
p
p
.
1
6
5
5
~
1
6
6
6
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
,
DOI
: 1
0
.
1
1
5
9
1
/
i
j
ec
e
.
v
1
0
i
2
.
pp
1
6
5
5
-
1
6
6
6
1655
J
o
ur
na
l ho
m
ep
a
g
e
:
h
ttp
:
//ij
ec
e.
ia
esco
r
e.
co
m/in
d
ex
.
p
h
p
/I
JE
C
E
Edg
e det
ec
tion a
l
g
o
rith
m
bas
ed on
quan
tu
m
s
uperp
o
sitio
n
principle
and pho
tons
arriv
a
l proba
bility
Ay
o
ub
E
zz
a
k
i
1
,
M
a
s
m
o
ud
i
L
ho
us
s
a
ine
2
,
M
o
ha
m
ed
E
l A
n
s
a
ri
3
,
F
ra
ncis
co
-
Ang
el
M
o
re
no
4
,
R
a
chid
Z
eno
u
hi
5
,
J
a
v
ier
G
o
nza
lez
J
i
m
e
nez
6
1
,
2,
5
L
CS
lab
o
ra
to
ry
,
P
h
y
sic
s D
ep
ar
t
m
e
n
t
,
F
a
c
u
lt
y
o
f
sc
ien
c
e
,
M
o
h
a
m
m
e
d
V
Un
iv
e
rsity
in
Ra
b
a
t,
M
o
ro
c
c
o
3
L
a
b
S
IV
L
a
b
o
ra
to
ry
,
F
a
c
u
lt
y
o
f
S
c
ien
c
e
,
Ib
n
Zo
h
r
Un
iv
e
rsity
in
Ag
a
d
ir,
M
o
r
o
c
c
o
4,
6
E.
T
.
S
.
I
.
In
f
o
rm
á
ti
c
a
lab
o
ra
to
ry
,
S
y
ste
m
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
A
u
to
m
a
ti
o
n
De
p
ar
t
m
e
n
t
,
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
o
f
M
á
lag
a
in
M
a
la
g
a
,
S
p
a
in
Art
icle
I
nfo
AB
ST
RAC
T
A
r
ticle
his
to
r
y:
R
ec
eiv
ed
Ma
r
1
3
,
2
0
1
9
R
ev
i
s
ed
No
v
5
,
2
0
1
9
A
cc
ep
ted
No
v
1
7
,
2
0
1
9
T
h
e
d
e
tec
ti
o
n
o
f
o
b
jec
t
e
d
g
e
s
in
im
a
g
e
s
i
s
a
c
ru
c
ial
ste
p
e
m
p
lo
y
e
d
in
a
v
a
st
a
m
o
u
n
t
o
f
c
o
m
p
u
ter
v
isio
n
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s,
f
o
r
w
h
ich
a
se
ries
o
f
d
if
fe
re
n
t
a
lg
o
rit
h
m
s h
a
s b
e
e
n
d
e
v
e
lo
p
e
d
i
n
th
e
las
t
d
e
c
a
d
e
s.
T
h
is
p
a
p
e
r
p
r
o
p
o
se
s a n
e
w
e
d
g
e
d
e
tec
ti
o
n
m
e
th
o
d
b
a
se
d
o
n
q
u
a
n
t
u
m
in
f
o
r
m
a
ti
o
n
,
w
h
ich
is
a
c
h
iev
e
d
in
tw
o
m
a
in
ste
p
s:
(i)
a
n
im
a
g
e
e
n
h
a
n
c
e
m
e
n
t
sta
g
e
th
a
t
e
m
p
lo
y
s
th
e
q
u
a
n
tu
m
su
p
e
rp
o
siti
o
n
law
a
n
d
(
ii
)
a
n
e
d
g
e
d
e
tec
ti
o
n
sta
g
e
b
a
se
d
o
n
t
h
e
p
r
o
b
a
b
i
li
ty
o
f
p
h
o
to
n
a
rriv
a
l
to
th
e
c
a
m
e
ra
se
n
s
o
r.
T
h
e
p
ro
p
o
se
d
m
e
th
o
d
h
a
s
b
e
e
n
tes
ted
o
n
s
y
n
th
e
ti
c
a
n
d
re
a
l
im
a
g
e
s
d
e
v
o
ted
t
o
a
g
ricu
lt
u
re
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s,
w
h
e
re
F
ra
m
&
De
u
tsh
c
rit
e
rio
n
h
a
s
b
e
e
n
a
d
o
p
t
e
d
to
e
v
a
lu
a
te
it
s
p
e
rf
o
rm
a
n
c
e
.
T
h
e
re
su
lt
s
sh
o
w
th
a
t
th
e
p
ro
p
o
se
d
m
e
th
o
d
g
iv
e
s
b
e
tt
e
r
re
su
lt
s
in
term
s
o
f
d
e
tec
ti
o
n
q
u
a
li
ty
a
n
d
c
o
m
p
u
tatio
n
ti
m
e
c
o
m
p
a
re
d
to
c
la
ss
ica
l
e
d
g
e
d
e
tec
ti
o
n
a
lg
o
rit
h
m
s
su
c
h
a
s
S
o
b
e
l,
Ka
y
y
a
l
i,
Ca
n
n
y
a
n
d
a
m
o
re
re
c
e
n
t
a
lg
o
rit
h
m
b
a
se
d
o
n
S
h
a
n
n
o
n
e
n
tr
o
p
y
.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
s
:
P
h
o
to
n
s
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
Qu
a
n
tu
m
i
m
ag
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
i
n
g
E
d
g
e
d
etec
tio
n
Qu
a
n
tu
m
s
u
p
er
p
o
s
itio
n
Co
p
y
rig
h
t
©
2
0
2
0
In
stit
u
te o
f
A
d
v
a
n
c
e
d
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
S
c
ien
c
e
.
Al
l
rig
h
ts
re
se
rv
e
d
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
Ay
o
u
b
E
zz
ak
i,
L
C
S
L
ab
o
r
ato
r
y
,
Dep
ar
t
m
e
n
t
o
f
P
h
y
s
ics,
Facu
lt
y
o
f
Sc
ien
ce
,
Mo
h
a
m
m
e
d
V
Un
iv
er
s
it
y
i
n
R
ab
at,
4
I
b
n
B
atto
u
ta
s
tr
ee
t,1
0
0
0
0
R
ab
at,
Mo
r
o
cc
o
.
E
m
ail: a
y
o
u
b
_
ez
za
k
i
@
u
m
5
.
ac
.
m
a
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
T
h
e
i
m
p
o
r
tan
ce
o
f
ed
g
e
d
et
ec
tio
n
w
as
ap
p
r
ec
iated
f
r
o
m
th
e
f
ir
s
t
d
a
y
s
o
f
i
m
a
g
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
.
I
t
r
ep
r
esen
ts
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
f
in
d
in
g
ab
r
u
p
t
an
d
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
c
h
an
g
es
i
n
th
e
g
r
a
y
le
v
el
i
m
ag
e
in
ten
s
it
y
,
a
n
d
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
in
a
v
ar
iet
y
o
f
co
m
p
u
ter
v
is
io
n
ap
p
licatio
n
s
(
e.
g
.
s
eg
m
e
n
tat
io
n
[
1
-
6
]
,
d
ep
th
m
a
p
co
m
p
r
ess
io
n
[
7
]
,
m
ed
ical
i
m
a
g
in
g
[
8
]
)
.
Du
e
to
its
i
m
p
o
r
ta
n
ce
,
a
lo
t
o
f
r
e
s
ea
r
ch
h
a
s
d
is
c
u
s
s
ed
th
i
s
s
u
b
j
ec
t
[
9
-
1
4
]
an
d
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
co
m
p
ar
ati
v
e
s
t
u
d
ies
h
av
e
b
ee
n
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t [
1
5
-
1
7
]
.
I
n
th
e
last
d
ec
ad
es,
t
h
e
s
o
-
ca
lled
Qu
a
n
tu
m
I
m
a
g
e
P
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
(
QI
P
)
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
w
a
s
p
r
es
en
ted
an
d
d
ev
elo
p
ed
,
w
h
ich
u
s
es
q
u
an
tu
m
-
m
ec
h
a
n
ics
p
r
i
n
cip
les
t
o
o
v
er
co
m
e
t
h
e
r
estric
tio
n
s
o
f
clas
s
ical
i
m
a
g
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
m
et
h
o
d
s
.
A
s
w
il
l
b
e
d
escr
ib
ed
later
,
th
e
b
asis
o
f
QI
P
lies
in
p
r
esen
tin
g
th
e
i
m
a
g
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
w
it
h
a
co
m
b
in
a
tio
n
o
f
al
l
it
s
s
tate
s
[
1
8
]
.
T
h
is
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
w
as
f
ir
s
t
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
b
y
V
laso
v
[
1
9
]
as
a
m
et
h
o
d
f
o
r
r
ec
o
g
n
izi
n
g
o
r
th
o
g
o
n
a
l
i
m
ag
e
s
u
s
i
n
g
q
u
an
tu
m
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
an
d
later
e
m
p
lo
y
ed
to
f
i
n
d
p
a
tter
n
s
i
n
b
lac
k
a
n
d
w
h
ite
i
m
a
g
es
b
y
Sch
u
tz
h
o
ld
i
n
2
0
0
2
[
2
0
]
.
A
f
ter
t
h
at,
a
s
er
ies
o
f
r
e
s
ea
r
ch
es
w
as
co
n
d
u
cted
[
2
1
-
2
5
]
,
w
h
ic
h
led
to
p
o
w
er
f
u
l
i
m
a
g
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
t
h
at
p
r
esen
t
r
o
b
u
s
tn
e
s
s
a
g
ai
n
s
t
li
m
itatio
n
s
o
f
c
lass
ical
a
lg
o
r
it
h
m
s
s
u
c
h
as
s
e
n
s
ib
ilit
y
to
n
o
is
e,
ed
g
e
co
n
tin
u
it
y
a
n
d
co
m
p
u
tat
io
n
al
co
s
t.
Fu
r
t
h
er
m
o
r
e,
q
u
an
tu
m
i
m
a
g
e
r
ep
r
esen
tatio
n
h
as
r
e
m
a
in
ed
as
th
e
f
o
u
n
d
atio
n
o
f
s
ev
er
al
o
th
er
w
o
r
k
s
s
u
ch
a
s
th
e
P
h
D
th
e
s
i
s
o
f
Ve
n
eg
a
s
-
An
d
r
ac
a
in
2
0
0
5
[
2
6
]
o
r
th
e
w
o
r
k
b
y
L
ato
r
r
e
[
2
7
]
,
w
h
o
p
r
esen
ted
t
h
e
p
ix
el
v
alu
e
o
f
an
i
m
ag
e
i
n
to
a
r
ea
l
k
et
o
f
a
Hilb
er
t
s
p
ac
e.
T
h
e
o
b
j
ec
ti
v
e
o
f
al
l
th
e
s
e
t
y
p
e
s
o
f
w
o
r
k
s
is
to
d
ev
elo
p
alg
o
r
it
h
m
s
t
h
at
a
r
e
f
aster
a
n
d
m
o
r
e
ef
f
icien
t th
a
n
an
y
cl
as
s
ical
m
e
th
o
d
in
th
is
f
ield
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
10
,
No
.
2
,
A
p
r
il 2
0
2
0
:
1
6
5
5
-
1666
1656
I
n
th
e
liter
at
u
r
e,
a
lar
g
e
s
et
o
f
ed
g
e
d
etec
tio
n
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
h
as
b
ee
n
p
u
b
lis
h
ed
,
r
an
g
in
g
f
r
o
m
th
e
w
e
ll
-
k
n
o
w
n
So
b
el
an
d
C
an
n
y
d
etec
to
r
s
to
n
e
w
m
e
th
o
d
s
b
ased
o
n
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
t
h
eo
r
y
to
g
en
er
ate
ed
g
e
i
m
a
g
es [
2
8
]
.
T
h
e
m
aj
o
r
it
y
o
f
t
h
e
s
e
alg
o
r
it
h
m
s
p
r
esen
t
s
o
m
e
s
e
n
s
ib
ilit
y
to
n
o
is
e
w
h
ile
al
s
o
n
ee
d
in
g
a
b
in
ar
izatio
n
s
tep
.
I
n
th
i
s
p
ap
er
w
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
an
alg
o
r
ith
m
th
a
t
u
s
e
s
q
u
a
n
tu
m
-
m
e
ch
an
ic
s
p
r
o
p
er
ties
to
f
in
d
ed
g
es
in
d
ig
i
tal
i
m
a
g
e
s
g
ath
er
ed
b
y
a
C
C
D
ca
m
er
a,
b
y
ta
k
en
i
n
to
co
n
s
id
er
atio
n
t
h
e
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
o
f
p
h
o
to
n
s
ar
r
iv
al
to
th
e
ca
m
er
a
s
en
s
o
r
.
T
h
is
n
e
w
ed
g
e
d
etec
tio
n
m
et
h
o
d
is
co
m
p
o
s
ed
o
f
t
w
o
m
a
in
s
tep
s
:
(
i)
i
m
a
g
e
en
h
a
n
ce
m
en
t
u
s
in
g
q
u
an
t
u
m
s
u
p
er
p
o
s
itio
n
la
w
an
d
(
ii)
ed
g
e
d
etec
tio
n
u
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
p
r
o
b
a
b
ilit
y
o
f
p
h
o
to
n
s
ar
r
iv
al.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
alg
o
r
it
h
m
a
v
o
id
s
t
h
e
b
i
n
ar
izatio
n
s
tep
i
n
o
r
d
er
to
b
o
th
m
i
n
i
m
ize
t
h
e
d
etec
tio
n
co
s
t
an
d
av
o
id
th
e
s
et
u
p
o
f
a
b
in
ar
izati
o
n
th
r
es
h
o
ld
,
w
h
ic
h
ca
n
b
e
d
if
f
ic
u
lt
to
f
i
n
d
in
s
o
m
e
ap
p
licati
o
n
s
.
No
t
o
n
l
y
t
h
at,
th
e
f
o
u
n
d
ed
g
es
p
r
ese
n
t
a
h
i
g
h
er
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
s
co
r
e
(
u
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
Fra
m
&
De
u
ts
h
m
etr
ic
p
r
ese
n
ted
in
[
2
9
]
)
th
a
n
cla
s
s
ical
m
eth
o
d
s
li
k
e
So
b
el,
C
a
n
n
y
Ka
y
y
ali
o
r
Sin
g
h
[
2
8
]
,
f
o
r
n
o
i
s
y
i
m
ag
e
s
,
h
e
n
ce
r
ev
ea
lin
g
its
p
o
ten
tial
as
an
alter
n
ati
v
e
m
et
h
o
d
f
o
r
s
u
ch
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es.
T
h
i
s
is
s
u
p
p
o
r
ted
b
y
a
s
er
ies
o
f
ex
p
er
i
m
e
n
ts
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
o
n
s
y
n
t
h
etic
i
m
ag
e
s
a
f
f
ec
ted
b
y
d
if
f
er
en
t
le
v
els
an
d
t
y
p
es
o
f
n
o
is
e.
F
in
al
l
y
,
o
u
r
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
h
as
also
b
ee
n
e
m
p
lo
y
ed
f
o
r
i
m
a
g
e
s
e
g
m
en
ta
tio
n
i
n
r
ea
l
i
m
ag
e
s
r
ec
o
r
d
ed
in
g
r
ee
n
h
o
u
s
e
s
,
as
a
f
ir
s
t
s
tep
t
o
esti
m
a
te
th
e
p
ath
o
f
a
m
o
b
ile
r
o
b
o
t.
T
h
e
p
ap
e
r
is
o
r
g
an
ized
as
f
o
llo
w
s
:
Sectio
n
2
r
ev
ie
w
s
q
u
a
n
tu
m
i
n
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
p
r
in
cip
le
w
h
ile
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
ed
g
e
d
etec
tio
n
m
et
h
o
d
is
d
etailed
in
Sectio
n
3
.
Sectio
n
4
p
r
ese
n
ts
th
e
e
x
p
er
i
m
en
tal
r
es
u
lt
s
a
n
d
Sectio
n
5
s
u
m
m
ar
izes a
n
d
p
r
o
v
id
es so
m
e
co
n
cl
u
s
io
n
s
to
th
e
p
ap
er
.
2.
Q
UAN
T
UM
I
NF
O
RM
AT
I
O
N
2
.
1
.
T
heo
rica
l
ba
ck
g
ro
un
d
I
n
class
ical
i
m
ag
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
i
n
g
th
eo
r
y
,
a
g
r
a
y
i
m
ag
e
is
r
ep
r
es
en
ted
b
y
an
N
x
M
m
atr
i
x
o
f
p
i
x
els,
ea
c
h
o
n
e
q
u
an
ti
f
ied
w
it
h
q
b
its
t
h
a
t
p
r
o
v
id
e
p
o
s
s
ib
le
v
al
u
es
(
t
y
p
icall
y
q
=8
b
its
,
y
ield
in
g
2
5
6
p
o
s
s
ib
le
v
al
u
es).
T
h
u
s
,
ea
c
h
p
i
x
el
i
s
r
ep
r
ese
n
t
ed
b
y
t
w
o
p
iece
s
o
f
i
n
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
:
t
h
e
p
i
x
el
in
te
n
s
it
y
a
n
d
t
h
e
p
i
x
el
p
o
s
itio
n
i
n
th
e
i
m
a
g
e.
I
n
t
u
r
n
,
i
n
q
u
a
n
tu
m
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
i
n
g
(
QI
P
)
,
a
p
ix
el
is
r
ep
r
esen
ted
b
y
a
s
o
-
ca
l
led
q
u
a
n
tu
m
b
it o
r
q
u
b
it
[
3
0
]
.
I
n
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
t
h
eo
r
y
,
a
b
it c
an
b
e
r
ep
r
esen
ted
in
t
w
o
f
o
r
m
s
:
“
0
”
o
r
“
1
”,
w
h
ile
a
q
u
b
it c
an
b
e
a
lin
ea
r
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
o
f
its
p
o
s
s
ib
le
s
tates
[
3
0
]
,
s
o
th
at
it
r
ep
r
esen
ts
th
e
s
u
p
er
p
o
s
itio
n
o
f
t
w
o
s
tate
s
,
d
en
o
t
ed
b
y
|
⟩
an
d
|
⟩
,
as f
o
llo
w
s
:
|
⟩
|
⟩
|
⟩
(
1
)
T
h
is
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
ca
n
also
b
e
wr
itten
i
n
m
atr
i
x
f
o
r
m
as:
|
⟩
(
)
=
(
)
(
)
(
)
(
)
(
2
)
w
it
h
:
|
⟩
(
)
|
⟩
(
)
I
n
th
i
s
eq
u
atio
n
,
|
⟩
r
ep
r
esen
ts
th
e
w
av
e
f
u
n
ct
io
n
a
n
d
an
d
β
ar
e
th
e
p
r
o
b
a
b
ilit
y
a
m
p
lit
u
d
es
o
f
s
tates
|
⟩
an
d
|
⟩
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
,
w
h
i
ch
s
atis
f
y
t
h
at
|
|
|
|
.
T
h
e
g
eo
m
etr
i
c
r
ep
r
esen
tatio
n
o
f
a
q
u
b
it
w
a
s
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
b
y
B
lo
ch
i
n
1
9
4
6
[
3
1
]
an
d
it
is
n
a
m
ed
t
h
e
B
lo
ch
‟
s
s
p
h
er
e
a
s
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
F
ig
u
r
e
1
.
I
n
t
h
i
s
r
ep
r
esen
tatio
n
,
co
n
tr
ar
y
to
a
c
lass
ical
b
it
th
at
co
u
ld
o
n
l
y
b
e
at
th
e
n
o
r
th
(
s
tate
|
⟩
)
o
r
th
e
s
o
u
th
(
s
tate
|
⟩
)
o
f
th
e
s
p
h
er
e,
a
q
u
b
it c
an
b
e
r
ep
r
esen
ted
b
y
a
n
y
p
o
in
t o
f
th
e
s
p
h
er
e.
T
h
u
s
,
(
1
)
ca
n
b
e
r
ew
r
it
te
n
as
[
3
0
]
:
|
⟩
|
⟩
|
⟩
(
3
)
B
y
g
en
er
al
izin
g
(
1
)
f
o
r
a
s
y
s
te
m
o
f
n
p
ar
ticles
w
it
h
n
s
u
b
s
y
s
te
m
s
s
o
th
at:
|
⟩
|
⟩
|
⟩
r
ep
r
esen
ts
th
e
s
tate
o
f
th
e
p
ar
ticle,
w
e
h
a
v
e:
|
⟩
|
⟩
|
⟩
+
+
|
1
1
1
…
⟩
(
4
)
|
⟩
∑
|
⟩
(
5
)
w
h
er
e
is
a
n
n
-
b
its
b
i
n
ar
y
n
u
m
b
er
,
an
d
th
e
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
o
f
t
h
e
s
tate
s
o
th
at:
∑
|
|
(
6
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
E
d
g
e
d
etec
tio
n
a
lg
o
r
ith
m
b
a
s
ed
o
n
q
u
a
n
tu
m
s
u
p
erp
o
s
itio
n
p
r
in
cip
le
a
n
d
p
h
o
to
n
s
...
(
A
yo
u
b
E
z
z
a
ki
)
1657
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
B
lo
ch
‟
s
s
p
h
er
e
2.2.
Q
ub
i
t
P
i
x
el
I
n
q
u
an
t
u
m
t
h
eo
r
y
,
a
q
u
b
it
p
ix
el
is
th
e
r
ep
r
esen
tat
io
n
o
f
th
e
class
ical
p
ix
el
in
cl
u
d
i
n
g
all
its
p
o
s
s
ib
le
s
tates.
T
h
u
s
,
let
I
(
x
,
y
)
b
e
th
e
g
r
a
y
le
v
el
v
al
u
e
o
f
t
h
e
(
x
,
y
)
p
ix
el
o
f
th
e
n
o
r
m
alize
d
i
m
a
g
e
I
(
m
,
n
)
.
T
h
e
q
u
b
it
p
ix
el
is
t
h
en
d
e
f
in
ed
b
y
:
|
⟩
√
)
|
⟩
√
)
|
⟩
(
7
)
w
h
er
e
√
)
√
)
ar
e
th
e
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
f
o
r
th
e
p
ix
el
at
(
x
,
y
)
to
b
e
in
th
e
s
tate
“
0
”
an
d
“
1
”,
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
T
h
ese
t
w
o
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
a
m
p
l
itu
d
e
s
m
u
s
t
s
atis
f
y
th
e
co
n
d
itio
n
:
|
√
)
|
|
√
)
|
3.
T
H
E
P
RO
P
O
SE
D
M
E
T
H
O
D
On
ce
w
e
h
a
v
e
s
ta
ted
th
e
b
asic
s
o
f
q
u
a
n
tu
m
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
,
i
n
t
h
is
s
ec
tio
n
,
w
e
ex
p
lai
n
t
h
e
t
wo
m
aj
o
r
s
tep
s
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
alg
o
r
ith
m
.
3
.
1
.
Q
ua
ntu
m
e
nh
a
nced
i
m
a
g
e
I
n
o
r
d
er
to
i
s
o
late
th
e
o
b
j
ec
t
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
b
ac
k
g
r
o
u
n
d
,
w
e
e
m
p
lo
y
(
7
)
an
d
t
h
e
s
u
p
er
p
o
s
itio
n
la
w
f
o
r
n
s
u
b
s
y
s
te
m
s
p
r
ese
n
ted
in
(
4
)
to
g
o
f
r
o
m
a
s
tan
d
ar
d
t
o
a
q
u
an
t
u
m
p
ix
el.
Fo
r
th
at,
we
c
o
n
s
id
er
th
e
Mo
o
r
e
n
eig
h
b
o
r
h
o
o
d
(
w
it
h
eig
h
t
n
eig
h
b
o
r
s
)
o
f
th
e
ac
ti
v
e
p
ix
el
as ill
u
s
tr
ated
in
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
T
h
e
ac
tiv
e
p
ix
el
an
d
its
8
n
eig
h
b
o
r
s
T
h
is
n
ei
g
h
b
o
r
h
o
o
d
ca
n
b
e
d
iv
id
ed
in
to
f
o
u
r
s
u
b
s
y
s
te
m
s
w
it
h
f
o
u
r
d
i
f
f
er
en
t
d
ir
ec
tio
n
s
:
(
0
°
d
ir
ec
tio
n
)
,
(
9
0
°
d
ir
ec
tio
n
)
,
(
1
3
5
°
d
ir
ec
tio
n
)
,
(
4
5
°
d
ir
ec
tio
n
)
.
T
h
en
,
d
en
o
tin
g
th
e
in
te
n
s
it
y
o
f
t
h
e
p
ix
el
b
y
,
w
e
ap
p
l
y
(
4
)
an
d
(
7
)
f
o
r
ea
ch
s
u
b
s
y
s
te
m
o
f
3
p
ix
els,
y
ield
i
n
g
s
tates
f
o
r
ea
ch
d
ir
ec
tio
n
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
h
o
w
s
a
n
e
x
a
m
p
le
o
f
s
u
c
h
s
tates
f
o
r
th
e
0
°
d
ir
ec
tio
n
,
w
h
er
e
“
1
”
an
d
“
0
”
r
ep
r
esen
t
th
at
t
h
e
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
p
i
x
el
b
elo
n
g
s
to
th
e
o
b
ject
o
r
th
e
b
a
c
kg
r
o
u
n
d
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
T
h
is
w
a
y
,
an
o
b
ject
p
ix
el
ca
n
b
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
to
b
el
o
n
g
to
an
ed
g
e
if
,
an
d
o
n
l
y
if
at
lea
s
t
o
n
e
o
f
its
n
eig
h
b
o
r
s
is
a
b
a
ck
g
r
o
u
n
d
p
ix
el.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
ese
t
w
o
t
y
p
e
s
o
f
ca
s
es c
a
n
b
e
d
is
r
eg
ar
d
ed
:
C
ase
1
:
T
h
e
ac
tiv
e
p
ix
el
i
s
n
o
t
an
o
b
ject
p
ix
el
(
s
tate
0
)
.
C
ase
2
:
T
h
e
ac
tiv
e
p
ix
el
i
s
an
o
b
ject
p
ix
el
(
s
u
r
r
o
u
n
d
ed
b
y
o
b
ject
p
ix
els i
n
t
h
e
g
i
v
en
d
ir
ec
ti
o
n
)
.
C
o
n
s
id
er
in
g
t
h
e
s
e
t
w
o
i
m
p
o
s
it
io
n
s
,
w
e
a
p
p
l
y
(
5
)
to
ea
ch
s
u
b
s
y
s
te
m
,
lead
i
n
g
to
:
|
⟩
√
)
)
|
⟩
√
)
|
⟩
√
)
|
⟩
(
8
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
10
,
No
.
2
,
A
p
r
il 2
0
2
0
:
1
6
5
5
-
1666
1658
an
d
∑
|
2
,
3
,
6
}
=
|
)
)
)
)
|
(
9
)
)
)
Si
m
i
lar
l
y
,
w
e
f
in
d
t
h
at:
)
11
)
)
12
)
)
13
)
Fin
all
y
,
t
h
e
ac
tiv
e
p
i
x
el
is
r
ep
l
ac
ed
w
it
h
th
e
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
v
alu
e
o
f
th
e
4
d
ir
ec
tio
n
s
.
)
,
(
14
)
b
ein
g
)
th
e
n
e
w
v
a
lu
e
o
f
)
af
t
er
th
e
e
n
h
a
n
ce
m
en
t
o
p
er
atio
n
.
T
h
is
w
a
y
,
e
v
er
y
p
i
x
el
i
n
th
e
o
r
ig
i
n
al
i
m
ag
e
i
s
p
r
o
ce
s
s
ed
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
its
ei
g
h
t
n
ei
g
h
b
o
r
s
to
g
en
er
ate
th
e
n
e
w
q
u
an
t
u
m
e
n
h
an
ce
d
i
m
ag
e
as d
ep
icte
d
in
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
0
0
0
√
)
)
)
0
0
1
√
)
)
0
1
0
√
)
)
0
1
1
√
)
1
0
0
√
)
)
1
0
1
√
)
1
1
0
√
)
1
1
1
√
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
Dif
f
er
en
t s
tates
f
o
r
th
e
0
° d
ir
ec
tio
n
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
C
r
ea
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
n
e
w
en
h
a
n
ce
d
i
m
a
g
e
3
.
2
.
E
dg
e
det
ec
t
io
n
W
ith
th
e
f
a
s
t
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
th
e
s
e
m
ico
n
d
u
c
to
r
in
d
u
s
tr
y
,
th
e
m
o
s
t
u
s
ed
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
in
d
ig
ital
i
m
a
g
in
g
is
b
ased
o
n
C
C
D
s
e
n
s
o
r
s
(
C
h
ar
g
e
C
o
u
p
led
De
v
i
ce
)
.
A
C
C
D
s
en
s
o
r
is
a
h
i
g
h
l
y
s
en
s
iti
v
e
p
h
o
to
n
d
etec
to
r
th
at
d
eliv
er
s
an
elec
tr
ical
s
ig
n
al
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
al
to
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
p
h
o
to
n
s
r
ec
eiv
ed
i
n
th
e
p
ix
el
s
u
r
f
ac
e,
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
E
d
g
e
d
etec
tio
n
a
lg
o
r
ith
m
b
a
s
ed
o
n
q
u
a
n
tu
m
s
u
p
erp
o
s
itio
n
p
r
in
cip
le
a
n
d
p
h
o
to
n
s
...
(
A
yo
u
b
E
z
z
a
ki
)
1659
b
ased
o
n
t
h
e
p
h
o
to
elec
tr
ic
e
f
f
ec
t
[
3
2
]
.
On
t
h
e
o
t
h
er
h
a
n
d
,
th
e
P
lan
k
-
E
i
n
s
te
in
eq
u
atio
n
d
es
cr
ib
es
th
e
en
er
g
y
E
o
f
a
p
h
o
to
n
as:
,
w
it
h
b
ein
g
t
h
e
P
lan
ck
co
n
s
ta
n
t
,
an
d
th
e
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
i
n
Her
tz
o
f
th
e
elec
tr
o
m
a
g
n
etic
w
av
e
a
s
s
o
ciate
d
to
th
e
p
h
o
to
n
.
T
h
u
s
,
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
p
h
o
to
n
s
P
th
at
h
it
a
C
C
D
s
en
s
o
r
d
u
r
in
g
t
h
e
ti
m
e
o
f
e
x
p
o
s
itio
n
is
r
elate
d
to
th
e
to
tal
en
er
g
y
r
ec
eiv
ed
b
y
t
h
e
s
e
n
s
o
r
E
S
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
e
x
p
r
ess
io
n
:
.
T
h
is
w
a
y
,
f
o
r
an
im
a
g
e,
th
e
m
ea
n
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
p
h
o
to
n
s
p
er
p
ix
el
is
:
̅
̅
̅
̅
(
15
)
No
w
,
w
e
as
s
u
m
e
th
a
t
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
p
h
o
to
n
s
ar
r
iv
ed
to
a
ce
r
tain
p
i
x
el
is
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
al
to
t
h
e
g
r
a
y
-
le
v
e
l
in
te
n
s
it
y
at
t
h
at
p
ix
el,
w
it
h
a
m
u
ltip
l
y
in
g
f
ac
to
r
k
,
as:
)
)
(
1
6
)
A
p
p
l
y
in
g
th
e
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
la
w
o
n
a
g
iv
en
p
ix
el
an
d
its
Mo
o
r
e
n
eig
h
b
o
r
h
o
o
d
,
th
e
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
o
f
h
a
v
i
n
g
̅
̅
̅
̅
p
h
o
to
n
s
i
n
th
e
p
i
x
el
at
(
x
,
y
)
co
o
r
d
in
ates is as
f
o
llo
w
s
:
)
)
∑
∑
)
)
∑
∑
)
)
)
∑
∑
)
(
17
)
I
n
o
u
r
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
eth
o
d
,
w
e
g
i
v
e
t
h
e
v
al
u
e
1
to
t
h
e
p
ix
els
t
h
at
h
av
e
a
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
h
ig
h
er
th
a
n
c
er
tai
n
e
m
p
ir
icall
y
f
o
u
n
d
v
al
u
e.
4.
E
XP
E
R
I
M
E
N
T
A
L
RE
SUL
T
S
I
n
o
r
d
er
to
ass
ess
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
o
u
r
p
r
o
p
o
s
al
w
it
h
r
esp
ec
t to
o
th
er
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
,
a
n
o
b
jectiv
e
an
d
m
ea
s
u
r
ab
le
cr
iter
io
n
is
n
ee
d
ed
.
I
n
th
is
p
ap
er
w
e
w
i
ll e
m
p
lo
y
th
e
Fra
m
&
De
u
ts
h
m
etr
ics a
s
d
escr
ib
ed
in
[
2
9
]
.
4
.
1
.
M
et
ho
d o
f
e
v
a
lua
t
io
n
Fra
m
&
De
u
t
s
h
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
t
w
o
p
ar
am
e
ter
s
(
an
d
)
to
ev
alu
ate
th
e
b
e
h
av
io
r
o
f
ed
g
e
d
etec
to
r
s
f
o
r
n
o
r
m
al
an
d
n
o
is
y
i
m
ag
e
s
.
T
h
ese
p
ar
am
eter
s
r
an
g
e
b
et
w
ee
n
0
(
r
an
d
o
m
b
eh
a
v
io
r
)
an
d
1
(
g
o
o
d
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
)
,
an
d
ar
e
ap
p
lied
in
b
lo
ck
s
d
iv
i
d
ed
in
to
3
r
eg
io
n
s
as
d
ep
icted
in
F
ig
u
r
e
5
,
in
w
h
er
e
zo
n
e
s
1
an
d
2
ar
e
t
w
o
b
lo
ck
s
o
f
p
ix
els
[
2
9
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
Th
e
th
r
ee
zo
n
es o
f
t
h
e
test
b
lo
ck
Th
e
f
ir
s
t
p
ar
am
eter
,
m
ea
s
u
r
es
th
e
r
o
b
u
s
tn
e
s
s
o
f
th
e
d
etec
t
o
r
ag
ain
s
t
n
o
is
e
a
n
d
b
e
ca
lcu
lated
as
f
o
llo
w
s
:
)
)
⁄
(
18
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
10
,
No
.
2
,
A
p
r
il 2
0
2
0
:
1
6
5
5
-
1666
1660
w
h
er
e
⁄
(
19
)
an
d
(
20
)
I
n
th
ese
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
s
,
an
d
ar
e
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
co
lu
m
n
s
an
d
r
o
w
s
o
f
t
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
b
in
ar
y
i
m
ag
e,
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
,
w
h
ile
is
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
co
l
u
m
n
s
in
th
e
ed
g
e
r
e
g
io
n
.
I
n
t
u
r
n
,
an
d
r
ep
r
esen
t t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
ed
g
e
p
ix
els
d
etec
ted
in
s
id
e
an
d
o
u
ts
id
e
o
f
th
e
ed
g
e
zo
n
e
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
T
h
e
v
al
u
e
o
f
is
s
et
to
3
0
,
as
r
e
co
m
m
e
n
d
ed
b
y
t
h
e
o
r
ig
i
n
al
a
u
th
o
r
s
o
f
t
h
e
m
etr
ics.
On
t
h
e
o
th
er
h
a
n
d
,
ch
ar
ac
ter
izes th
e
ed
g
e
co
n
tin
u
it
y
a
n
d
it is
g
i
v
en
b
y
:
⁄
⁄
)
⁄
(
21
)
w
h
er
e
is
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
r
o
w
s
i
n
th
e
ed
g
e
r
e
g
io
n
t
h
at
co
n
tai
n
at
least o
n
e
d
etec
ted
p
o
in
t.
4
.
2
.
E
x
peri
m
ent
s
o
n sy
nthet
ic
i
m
a
g
es
On
ce
d
ef
i
n
ed
th
e
Fra
m
a
n
d
Deu
ts
h
cr
iter
io
n
,
w
e
e
v
alu
a
te
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
o
u
r
p
r
o
p
o
s
al
in
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
to
th
r
ee
cla
s
s
ica
l
ed
g
e
d
etec
tio
n
al
g
o
r
ith
m
s
(
So
b
el,
Ka
y
y
al
i
[
3
3
]
,
an
d
C
an
n
y
)
a
n
d
also
to
th
e
m
eth
o
d
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
b
y
Si
n
g
h
[
2
8
]
,
w
h
ich
s
tar
ts
w
i
th
a
n
i
m
a
g
e
b
in
ar
izatio
n
u
s
i
n
g
a
n
o
p
ti
m
ized
th
r
esh
o
ld
a
n
d
f
i
n
is
h
es
b
y
p
er
f
o
r
m
i
n
g
ed
g
e
d
etec
tio
n
b
ased
o
n
th
e
Sh
an
n
o
n
en
tr
o
p
y
.
I
n
o
r
d
er
to
co
m
p
ar
e
th
e
r
esu
lt
s
o
f
th
e
s
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es,
th
e
y
w
er
e
ap
p
lied
to
t
w
o
r
ep
r
esen
tati
v
e
s
y
n
th
e
tic
i
m
ag
e
s
d
ev
o
ted
to
ed
g
e
d
etec
tio
n
an
d
s
eg
m
e
n
tatio
n
,
w
h
ic
h
co
n
tai
n
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
t
y
p
e
s
o
f
e
d
g
e
s
:
cir
cu
lar
,
v
er
tical,
h
o
r
izo
n
tal
an
d
r
an
d
o
m
.
B
esid
es,
d
if
f
er
e
n
t k
in
d
s
o
f
n
o
is
e
w
er
e
a
ls
o
ad
d
ed
to
th
em
: G
a
u
s
s
ia
n
,
Sp
ec
k
le,
Salt a
n
d
P
ep
p
er
an
d
P
o
is
s
o
n
.
As
d
escr
ib
ed
in
Sectio
n
3
.
1
,
th
e
f
ir
s
t
s
tep
i
n
o
u
r
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
et
h
o
d
is
p
er
f
o
r
m
in
g
i
m
a
g
e
e
n
h
a
n
ce
m
en
t
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
q
u
a
n
t
u
m
s
u
p
er
p
o
s
itio
n
la
w
.
T
h
is
h
a
s
b
ee
n
a
p
p
lied
to
th
e
a
b
o
v
e
m
e
n
tio
n
ed
i
m
a
g
es,
y
ield
i
n
g
th
e
i
m
a
g
es
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
6
,
in
w
h
er
e
s
o
m
e
r
eg
io
n
s
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
z
o
o
m
ed
i
n
o
r
d
er
to
r
em
ar
k
t
h
e
ir
d
etails.
T
h
e
f
ir
s
t
i
m
a
g
e
co
n
ta
in
s
t
h
r
ee
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
o
b
j
ec
t
f
o
r
m
s
:
a
b
i
g
a
n
d
a
s
m
all
s
q
u
ar
e,
a
c
ir
cle,
an
d
a
n
a
m
o
r
p
h
o
u
s
o
b
j
ec
t,
p
r
esen
tin
g
ed
g
e
s
in
d
i
f
f
er
en
t
d
ir
ec
tio
n
s
.
Fig
u
r
es
7
an
d
8
s
h
o
w
th
e
r
es
u
lt
s
o
f
ap
p
l
y
i
n
g
t
h
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
ed
g
e
m
et
h
o
d
s
to
th
e
i
m
ag
e
w
h
e
n
d
is
tu
r
b
ed
b
y
s
p
ec
k
le
a
n
d
s
alt
an
d
p
ep
p
er
n
o
is
e,
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
As
a
q
u
an
titati
v
e
as
s
es
s
m
e
n
t
o
f
t
h
e
m
et
h
o
d
s
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
,
T
ab
les
1
an
d
2
p
r
esen
ts
an
d
v
alu
e
s
f
o
r
th
e
f
ir
s
t
s
y
n
th
et
ic
i
m
a
g
e
i
n
d
if
f
er
en
t
ca
s
es:
w
it
h
o
u
t
n
o
i
s
e,
w
i
th
Ga
u
s
s
ia
n
n
o
is
e,
P
o
is
s
o
n
n
o
i
s
e,
S
a
lt
a
n
d
P
ep
p
er
n
o
is
e
a
n
d
S
p
ec
kle
n
o
i
s
e.
Si
m
ilar
l
y
,
t
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
co
n
s
id
er
ed
i
m
ag
e
co
n
tai
n
s
a
w
id
e
r
an
g
e
o
f
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
g
r
a
y
lev
el
s
i
n
cl
u
d
in
g
te
x
t
u
r
es,
g
r
ad
ie
n
ts
a
n
d
ed
g
e
s
.
T
h
e
co
m
b
in
at
io
n
o
f
te
x
t
u
r
e
an
d
n
o
is
e
r
ep
r
ese
n
ts
a
s
u
i
tab
le
test
b
ed
to
ev
a
lu
ate
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
t
h
e
ed
g
e
d
et
ec
tio
n
al
g
o
r
ith
m
.
Ag
ain
,
th
e
r
esu
lt
s
o
f
ap
p
l
y
in
g
th
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
ed
g
e
m
eth
o
d
s
t
o
th
is
i
m
a
g
e
w
h
e
n
d
is
t
u
r
b
ed
b
y
s
p
ec
kle
an
d
s
a
lt
a
n
d
p
ep
p
er
n
o
is
e
ar
e
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fig
u
r
e
9
an
d
Fig
u
r
e
1
0
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
A
s
w
ell,
it
s
an
d
v
alu
e
s
ar
e
p
r
esen
ted
in
T
ab
les 3
an
d
4
.
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
E
n
h
a
n
ce
m
e
n
t
s
tag
e
f
o
r
s
y
n
t
h
etic
i
m
a
g
es
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
E
d
g
e
d
etec
tio
n
a
lg
o
r
ith
m
b
a
s
ed
o
n
q
u
a
n
tu
m
s
u
p
erp
o
s
itio
n
p
r
in
cip
le
a
n
d
p
h
o
to
n
s
...
(
A
yo
u
b
E
z
z
a
ki
)
1661
Fig
u
r
e
7.
(
a)
Or
ig
in
al
s
y
n
th
et
i
c
i
m
ag
e
w
i
th
s
p
ec
k
le
n
o
i
s
e
(
n
o
is
e
v
ar
ian
ce
=
0
.
0
2
)
;
(
b
)
P
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
e
th
o
d
;
(
c)
C
an
n
y
;
(
d
)
K
a
y
y
a
li
;
(
e)
Si
n
g
h
;
(
f
)
So
b
el
Fig
u
r
e
8
.
(
a)
Or
ig
in
al
s
y
n
th
et
i
c
i
m
ag
e
w
i
th
Salt a
n
d
P
ep
p
er
n
o
is
e
(
n
o
is
e
d
e
n
s
it
y
=
0
.
2
)
;
(
b
)
P
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
eth
o
d
;
(
c)
C
an
n
y
;
(
d
)
Ka
y
y
a
li
;
(
e)
Si
n
g
h
;
(
f
)
So
b
el
T
ab
le
1
.
v
alu
es o
f
d
if
f
er
en
t a
lg
o
r
ith
m
s
w
i
th
4
t
y
p
e
s
o
f
n
o
is
e
f
o
r
i
m
ag
e
1
W
i
t
h
o
u
t
n
o
i
se
G
a
u
ssi
a
n
n
o
i
se
P
o
i
sso
n
n
o
i
se
S
a
l
t
&
P
e
p
p
e
r
n
o
i
se
S
p
e
c
k
l
e
n
o
i
se
P
r
o
p
o
se
d
a
l
g
o
r
i
t
h
m
0
,
9
5
3
0
,
9
2
1
0
,
9
9
4
0
,
9
7
8
0
,
8
8
9
S
o
b
e
l
0
,
8
5
4
0
,
6
9
8
0
,
7
8
6
0
,
9
7
8
0
,
8
7
5
K
a
y
y
a
l
i
0
,
7
9
5
0
,
7
5
5
0
,
6
9
9
0
,
8
6
9
0
,
7
8
5
C
a
n
n
y
0
,
7
1
1
0
,
7
7
8
0
,
7
4
5
0
,
9
6
1
0
,
8
7
8
S
i
n
g
h
0
,
9
1
7
0
,
8
74
0
,
9
6
2
0
,
9
6
2
0
,
8
6
2
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
10
,
No
.
2
,
A
p
r
il 2
0
2
0
:
1
6
5
5
-
1666
1662
T
ab
le
2
.
v
alu
es o
f
d
if
f
er
en
t a
lg
o
r
ith
m
s
w
i
th
4
t
y
p
e
s
o
f
n
o
is
e
f
o
r
i
m
ag
e
1
W
i
t
h
o
u
t
n
o
i
se
G
a
u
ssi
a
n
n
o
i
se
P
o
i
sso
n
n
o
i
se
S
a
l
t
&
P
e
p
p
e
r
n
o
i
se
S
p
e
c
k
l
e
n
o
i
se
P
r
o
p
o
se
d
a
l
g
o
r
i
t
h
m
0
,
9
2
7
0
,
8
7
7
0
,
9
2
1
0
,
9
7
2
0
,
9
8
9
S
o
b
e
l
0
,
8
0
5
0
,
5
0
1
0
,
6
6
6
0
,
8
0
2
0
,
6
6
6
K
a
y
y
a
l
i
0
,
7
5
5
0
,
7
3
4
0
,
8
9
4
0
,
7
5
1
0
,
8
8
2
C
a
n
n
y
0
,
8
8
8
0
,
7
2
2
0
,
7
9
8
0
,
9
2
3
0
,
7
5
0
S
i
n
g
h
0
,
8
8
1
0
,
9
9
3
0
,
9
9
3
0
,
9
3
7
0
,
9
8
3
Fig
u
r
e
9.
(
a)
Or
ig
in
al
s
y
n
th
et
i
c
i
m
ag
e
w
i
th
s
p
ec
k
l
e
n
o
is
e
(
n
o
is
e
v
ar
ian
ce
=
0
.
0
2
)
;
(
b
)
P
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
e
th
o
d
.
(
c)
C
an
n
y
;
(
d
)
Ka
y
y
a
li
;
(
e)
Si
n
g
h
;
(
f
)
So
b
el
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
0
(
a)
: O
r
ig
in
al
s
y
n
th
et
ic
i
m
a
g
e
w
it
h
Salt a
n
d
P
ep
p
er
n
o
is
e
(
n
o
is
e
d
e
n
s
it
y
=
0
.
2
)
.
(
b
)
: P
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
et
h
o
d
.
(
c)
: Can
n
y
(
d
)
: K
a
y
y
ali.
(
e)
:
Sin
g
h
.
(
f
)
: So
b
el.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
E
d
g
e
d
etec
tio
n
a
lg
o
r
ith
m
b
a
s
ed
o
n
q
u
a
n
tu
m
s
u
p
erp
o
s
itio
n
p
r
in
cip
le
a
n
d
p
h
o
to
n
s
...
(
A
yo
u
b
E
z
z
a
ki
)
1663
T
ab
le
3.
v
alu
e
s
f
o
r
d
if
f
er
en
t a
l
g
o
r
ith
m
s
w
i
th
4
t
y
p
e
s
o
f
n
o
i
s
e
f
o
r
i
m
ag
e
2
W
i
t
h
o
u
t
n
o
i
se
G
a
u
ssi
a
n
n
o
i
se
P
o
i
sso
n
n
o
i
se
S
a
l
t
&
P
e
p
p
e
r
n
o
i
se
S
p
e
c
k
l
e
n
o
i
se
P
r
o
p
o
se
d
a
l
g
o
r
i
t
h
m
0
,
9
8
4
0
,
9
5
9
0
,
8
8
8
0
,
8
9
1
0
,
9
9
5
S
o
b
e
l
1
0
,
9
5
8
0
,
8
5
7
0
,
6
5
4
0
,
8
8
9
K
a
y
y
a
l
i
0
,
8
2
2
0
,
8
8
4
0
,
7
4
9
0
,
7
9
9
0
,
9
4
7
C
a
n
n
y
0
,
9
3
1
0
,
7
2
5
0
,
8
8
7
0
,
8
7
9
0
,
7
5
8
S
i
n
g
h
0
,
6
5
4
0
,
7
2
6
0
,
8
5
4
0
,
7
1
4
0
,
9
2
1
T
ab
le
4
.
v
alu
e
s
f
o
r
d
if
f
er
en
t a
lg
o
r
ith
m
s
w
i
th
4
t
y
p
e
s
o
f
n
o
is
e
f
o
r
i
m
ag
e
2
W
i
t
h
o
u
t
n
o
i
se
G
a
u
ssi
a
n
n
o
i
se
P
o
i
sso
n
n
o
i
se
S
a
l
t
&
P
e
p
p
e
r
n
o
i
se
S
p
e
c
k
l
e
n
o
i
se
P
r
o
p
o
se
d
a
l
g
o
r
i
t
h
m
0
,
9
2
5
0
,
9
8
8
0
,
8
5
4
0
,
9
8
5
0
,
7
8
1
S
o
b
e
l
0
,
8
2
1
0
,
7
5
5
0
,
6
1
1
0
,
9
1
6
0
,
7
5
5
K
a
y
y
a
l
i
0
,
8
9
9
0
,
7
4
9
0
,
7
7
7
0
,
8
7
1
0
,
7
2
7
C
a
n
n
y
0
,
7
2
1
0
,
8
2
2
0
,
7
9
4
0
,
8
1
1
0
,
7
1
1
S
i
n
g
h
0
,
7
9
1
0
.
7
9
2
0
.
7
9
9
0
.
7
8
5
0
,
7
4
7
T
h
e
p
r
esen
ted
r
esu
lts
s
h
o
w
a
g
o
o
d
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
o
u
r
p
r
o
p
o
s
al,
o
u
tp
er
f
o
r
m
i
n
g
t
h
e
r
est
o
f
co
n
s
id
er
ed
m
et
h
o
d
s
in
m
o
s
t
o
f
th
e
s
it
u
atio
n
s
.
T
h
is
w
a
y
,
b
y
ap
p
ly
i
n
g
it
to
s
y
n
t
h
etic
i
m
a
g
e
s
,
w
e
ca
n
s
ee
t
h
at
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
et
h
o
d
s
u
cc
ess
f
u
ll
y
d
etec
ts
ed
g
e
s
w
h
ile
p
r
ese
r
v
in
g
t
h
eir
co
n
ti
n
u
i
t
y
an
d
o
b
j
ec
t
co
r
n
er
s
,
e
v
en
at
th
e
p
r
esen
ce
o
f
d
i
f
f
er
en
t t
y
p
e
s
o
f
n
o
is
e
w
it
h
o
u
t th
e
n
ee
d
o
f
a
p
o
s
t p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
s
ta
g
e.
4
.
3
.
Rea
l im
a
g
es a
pp
lica
t
io
n
a.
Co
ntr
o
lled e
nv
iro
n
m
ent
I
n
th
is
s
ta
g
e,
w
e
ap
p
l
y
o
u
r
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
eth
o
d
f
o
r
th
e
s
eg
m
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
t
h
e
ar
ea
o
f
m
i
n
t
p
la
n
t
‟
s
leav
e
s
as
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
1
.
A
f
ter
th
at,
th
e
ce
n
tr
o
id
o
f
th
e
d
ete
cted
s
u
r
f
ac
e
is
ca
lc
u
lated
an
d
tr
an
s
m
itted
to
an
ag
r
icu
l
tu
r
al
r
o
b
o
tis
ed
ar
m
,
p
lace
d
o
n
a
m
o
b
ile
r
o
b
o
t
(
w
it
h
d
i
m
en
s
io
n
s
w
id
t
h
=4
5
c
m
,
l
en
g
t
h
=6
5
c
m
)
[
3
4
]
,
f
o
r
p
esti
cid
e
an
d
w
a
ter
ap
p
licatio
n
.
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
2
s
h
o
w
s
th
e
u
s
a
g
e
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
e
t
h
o
d
as
th
e
i
n
p
u
t
o
f
a
Ho
u
g
h
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
-
b
ased
s
eg
m
en
tatio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
[
3
5
]
e
m
p
lo
y
ed
to
esti
m
ate
t
h
e
r
o
b
o
t‟
s
tr
aj
ec
to
r
y
(
in
g
r
ee
n
)
b
et
w
ee
n
th
e
p
o
ts
‟
s
r
o
w
s
(
i
n
r
ed
)
.
Fig
u
r
e
11
.
E
d
g
e
d
etec
tio
n
o
f
m
i
n
t p
lan
t
: (
a)
Or
ig
in
al
i
m
a
g
e
;
(
b
)
P
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
et
h
o
d
;
(
c)
C
an
n
y
;
(
d
)
Kay
y
ali
;
(
e)
Sin
g
h
;
(
f
)
So
b
el
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
10
,
No
.
2
,
A
p
r
il 2
0
2
0
:
1
6
5
5
-
1666
1664
Fig
u
r
e
12
.
Po
ts
s
eg
m
en
tatio
n
an
d
tr
aj
ec
to
r
y
‟
s
ce
n
ter
d
etec
ti
o
n
b.
Unco
ntr
o
lled
env
iro
n
m
ent
Fin
all
y
,
i
n
o
r
d
er
to
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
th
e
i
n
itial
lab
o
r
ato
r
y
r
es
u
lt
s
,
w
e
ap
p
lied
th
e
al
g
o
r
ith
m
w
i
t
h
r
ea
l
s
tr
a
w
b
er
r
y
p
lan
t
i
m
a
g
es
to
tes
t
its
e
f
f
icie
n
c
y
.
T
h
e
i
m
a
g
es
wer
e
tak
en
in
to
a
g
r
ee
n
h
o
u
s
e
at
th
e
AL
L
AL
T
AZ
I
r
eg
io
n
o
f
MO
R
OC
C
O
(
GP
S
C
o
o
r
d
in
ates
3
4
°3
6
‟
0
3
.
2
„
‟
N,
6
°2
3
‟
0
8
.
6
‟
‟
W
)
b
y
a
L
o
g
itec
h
HD
P
r
o
W
eb
ca
m
C
9
2
0
[
3
6
]
w
it
h
r
eso
lu
tio
n
a
n
d
3
.
6
7
m
m
o
f
f
o
ca
l
len
g
t
h
.
A
n
alo
g
o
u
s
l
y
to
t
h
e
in
-
lab
t
ests
,
th
e
m
et
h
o
d
is
u
s
ed
f
o
r
th
e
s
e
g
m
e
n
tat
io
n
o
f
t
h
e
s
tr
a
w
b
er
r
y
p
lan
t
lea
f
ar
ea
a
n
d
th
e
r
o
b
o
t‟
s
tr
aj
ec
to
r
y
b
et
w
ee
n
g
r
ee
n
h
o
u
s
e‟
s
r
o
w
s
as s
h
w
o
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
3
.
Fig
u
r
e
13
.
R
esu
lt
s
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
alg
o
r
ith
m
o
n
s
t
r
a
w
b
er
r
y
p
lan
t i
m
a
g
e
s
.
I
n
r
ed
,
ce
n
tr
o
id
s
o
f
th
e
p
lan
t
s
an
d
in
g
r
ee
n
t
h
e
r
o
b
o
t‟
s
e
s
ti
m
ated
tr
aj
ec
to
r
y
4
.
4
.
Dis
cus
s
io
n
B
ased
o
n
th
e
r
es
u
lt
s
,
w
e
ca
n
clea
r
l
y
s
ee
th
a
t,
a
f
ter
t
h
e
e
n
h
an
ce
m
e
n
t
s
tag
e
a
s
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fig
u
r
e
6
,
th
e
ed
g
es
ar
e
e
m
p
h
asi
s
ed
in
t
h
e
i
m
a
g
e
,
h
e
n
ce
p
av
i
n
g
t
h
e
wa
y
o
f
th
e
al
g
o
r
ith
m
‟
s
s
ec
o
n
d
s
tag
e.
I
n
th
i
s
s
ec
o
n
d
s
tep
,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
alg
o
r
ith
m
i
s
ca
p
ab
le
o
f
p
r
o
p
er
ly
is
o
lati
n
g
t
h
e
o
b
j
ec
t
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
b
ac
k
g
r
o
u
n
d
.
T
h
e
o
b
tai
n
ed
v
alu
e
s
f
o
r
th
e
P
1
an
d
P
2
m
e
tr
ics
e
m
p
lo
y
ed
in
t
h
is
p
ap
er
r
ev
ea
ls
s
u
p
er
io
r
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
i
n
te
r
m
s
o
f
ed
g
e
q
u
al
it
y
th
an
t
h
e
clas
s
ical
ed
eg
e
d
etec
to
r
s
in
co
m
p
u
ter
v
is
io
n
liter
at
u
r
e.
No
t
o
n
l
y
t
h
at,
o
u
r
p
r
o
p
o
s
al
is
m
o
r
e
ef
f
icie
n
t
in
ter
m
s
o
f
d
etec
tio
n
ti
m
e
a
n
d
m
e
m
o
r
y
,
a
s
ca
n
b
e
s
ee
n
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
4
.
B
esid
es,
th
e
f
i
n
al
r
esu
lt
al
s
o
s
h
o
w
s
a
g
o
o
d
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
f
o
r
th
e
n
e
w
alg
o
r
it
h
m
w
h
e
n
d
ea
lin
g
w
it
h
d
if
f
er
en
t
t
y
p
es
o
f
ed
g
e
s
(
cir
cu
lar
,
v
er
tical,
h
o
r
izo
n
tal
a
n
d
a
m
o
r
p
h
o
u
s
ed
g
es)
a
n
d
w
it
h
d
i
f
f
er
en
t
t
y
p
e
s
o
f
o
b
j
ec
t
tex
tu
r
e
s
.
I
t
al
s
o
s
h
o
w
s
a
g
o
o
d
b
eh
av
io
r
ag
ain
s
t
n
o
is
e,
b
ei
n
g
esp
ec
iall
y
r
o
b
u
s
t a
g
ain
s
t t
h
e
ap
p
ar
itio
n
o
f
is
o
lated
n
o
is
y
p
i
x
els
(
e.
g
.
S
p
ec
kle
an
d
S
a
lt a
n
d
P
ep
p
er
class
ical
m
e
th
o
d
s
t
h
at
d
etec
t su
c
h
n
o
is
e
a
s
ed
g
e
p
o
in
ts
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.