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iffere
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a
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frien
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ly
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a
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d
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4
4
3
An
d
ro
i
d
u
se
rs.
To
a
d
d
re
ss
th
is
issu
e
,
we
p
r
o
p
o
se
a
sta
r
-
ra
ti
n
g
e
v
a
lu
a
ti
o
n
m
o
d
e
l
(S
REM
),
a
n
a
p
p
ro
a
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h
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h
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t
g
e
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e
ra
tes
a
ten
tativ
e
e
n
e
rg
y
ra
ti
n
g
lab
e
l
fo
r
e
a
c
h
a
p
p
.
Th
e
m
o
d
e
l
wa
s
tes
ted
o
n
7
o
p
e
n
-
s
o
u
rc
e
a
p
p
s
to
a
c
t
a
s
a
p
rima
ry
e
v
a
lu
a
ti
o
n
sa
m
p
le
.
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th
a
t
e
n
d
,
S
REM
a
d
a
p
ts
c
u
rre
n
t
e
n
e
rg
y
-
a
wa
re
re
fa
c
to
rin
g
t
o
o
ls
to
d
e
m
o
n
stra
te
t
h
e
lev
e
l
o
f
e
n
e
rg
y
c
o
n
su
m
p
ti
o
n
o
f
a
n
a
p
p
a
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d
p
re
s
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ts
it
in
a
sta
r
-
ra
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n
g
sc
h
e
m
a
sim
il
a
r
to
th
e
Eco
lab
e
ls
u
se
d
o
n
e
lec
tri
c
a
l
h
o
m
e
a
p
p
li
a
n
c
e
s.
As
p
e
r
o
u
r
re
s
u
lt
s,
S
REM
h
e
l
p
e
d
i
n
sa
v
i
n
g
3
5
%
o
f
s
m
a
rtp
h
o
n
e
e
n
e
rg
y
.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
s
:
An
d
r
o
id
a
p
p
s
E
n
er
g
y
-
awa
r
e
r
ef
ac
t
o
r
in
g
E
n
er
g
y
ef
f
icien
cy
P
o
wer
-
s
av
in
g
T
h
is i
s
a
n
o
p
e
n
a
c
c
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ss
a
rticle
u
n
d
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r th
e
CC B
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SA
li
c
e
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se
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
Ab
d
u
llah
Ma
h
m
o
u
d
Alm
asri
C
o
lleg
e
o
f
C
o
m
p
u
ter
an
d
I
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
Scien
ce
s
Prin
ce
Su
ltan
Un
iv
er
s
ity
R
iy
ad
h
,
Sau
d
i A
r
ab
ia
E
m
ail:
aa
lm
asri@
p
s
u
.
ed
u
.
s
a
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
User
s
o
f
An
d
r
o
id
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
es
h
av
e
s
h
o
wn
a
g
r
o
win
g
d
em
an
d
f
o
r
ex
ten
d
in
g
th
e
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
e
’
s
b
atter
y
life
[
1
-
4
]
.
On
e
m
ain
co
n
ce
p
t
th
at
is
s
h
ar
ed
b
etwe
en
g
r
ee
n
co
m
p
u
tin
g
an
d
en
er
g
y
-
s
av
in
g
r
esear
ch
ar
ea
s
is
to
wo
r
k
t
o
war
d
av
o
i
d
in
g
th
e
n
ee
d
f
o
r
r
ec
h
ar
g
in
g
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
in
s
tead
o
f
i
n
cr
ea
s
in
g
th
e
a
v
ailab
ilit
y
o
r
ef
f
icien
cy
o
f
th
ese
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
,
e.
g
.
,
p
o
wer
b
an
k
s
,
wir
eless
c
h
ar
g
in
g
,
etc.
An
d
r
o
id
s
m
ar
t
p
h
o
n
es
cu
r
r
en
tly
ar
e
eq
u
ip
p
e
d
with
e
n
er
g
y
-
s
av
in
g
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
an
d
f
ea
tu
r
es
t
h
at
ar
e
cr
ea
ted
b
y
m
an
u
f
ac
tu
r
er
s
a
n
d
d
ev
elo
p
e
r
s
an
d
th
en
p
r
o
v
id
e
d
to
en
d
-
u
s
er
s
[
5
]
.
R
ec
en
t
s
tu
d
ies
h
a
v
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
ev
er
al
m
et
h
o
d
o
lo
g
ies,
m
o
d
els,
f
r
am
ew
o
r
k
s
,
an
d
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
f
o
r
s
av
in
g
e
n
er
g
y
.
E
f
f
o
r
ts
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
m
ad
e
to
i
n
d
icate
h
a
r
d
war
e
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
th
at
ar
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
as
en
er
g
y
-
g
r
ee
d
y
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
o
n
m
o
b
ile
p
latf
o
r
m
s
(
e.
g
.
,
s
cr
ee
n
s
,
n
etwo
r
k
in
te
r
f
ac
es,
s
en
s
o
r
s
,
etc.
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
7
0
8
I
n
t J E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
11
,
No
.
2
,
Ap
r
il 2
0
2
1
:
1
5
9
9
-
1612
1600
[
6
]
.
Ho
wev
e
r
,
th
e
ef
f
ec
t
o
f
in
s
talled
ap
p
s
o
n
a
s
m
ar
t
p
h
o
n
e’
s
b
atter
y
is
n
o
t
ea
s
ily
u
n
d
e
r
s
to
o
d
b
y
en
d
-
u
s
er
s
[
7
]
.
T
h
e
m
ain
co
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
o
u
r
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
o
lu
tio
n
is
th
e
d
esig
n
o
f
a
to
o
l
th
at
ca
n
ac
t
as
a
n
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
d
ec
is
io
n
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
f
ac
to
r
f
o
r
en
d
-
u
s
er
s
to
h
av
e
an
in
itial
in
d
icati
o
n
o
f
th
e
en
er
g
y
-
co
n
s
u
m
p
ti
o
n
b
eh
av
i
o
r
o
f
an
ap
p
licatio
n
b
e
f
o
r
e
in
s
tallin
g
i
t.
T
h
e
c
o
r
e
id
ea
o
f
th
e
“
b
ef
o
r
e
-
in
s
tallatio
n
”
p
h
ilo
s
o
p
h
y
is
s
im
p
lifie
d
b
y
th
e
co
n
tr
ad
ictin
g
co
n
ce
p
t
o
f
in
s
t
allin
g
th
e
ap
p
an
d
th
en
h
a
v
in
g
it
m
o
n
ito
r
ed
an
d
o
p
tim
ize
d
.
Sin
ce
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
r
eq
u
ir
es p
o
wer
,
av
o
i
d
in
g
th
e
c
o
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
o
f
s
o
m
e
p
o
wer
to
co
n
s
er
v
e
a
lar
g
er
am
o
u
n
t o
f
p
o
wer
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
o
u
r
p
r
io
r
ity
.
So
in
s
tead
,
we
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
a
p
r
ev
en
tiv
e
s
tr
ateg
y
t
h
at
r
eq
u
ir
es
n
o
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
o
n
an
y
lay
er
o
f
th
e
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
e.
T
h
e
n
ea
r
est
s
im
i
lar
s
o
lu
tio
n
is
th
e
e
n
er
g
y
r
at
in
g
lab
els
u
s
ed
o
n
h
o
m
e
ap
p
lian
ce
s
[
8
]
.
I
n
th
e
f
o
llo
win
g
,
we
s
h
o
w
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
o
d
el
as
u
s
ed
in
th
e
Go
o
g
le
Play
®
s
to
r
e
t
o
e
v
alu
ate
a
n
y
An
d
r
o
id
ap
p
an
d
th
en
g
e
n
er
ate
a
ten
tativ
e
en
er
g
y
r
atin
g
lab
el
f
o
r
ea
ch
Go
o
g
le
Play
ap
p
.
W
e
b
elie
v
e
th
at
o
u
r
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
o
f
r
atin
g
An
d
r
o
id
ap
p
s
will
en
h
an
ce
th
e
r
o
le
o
f
en
d
-
u
s
er
s
b
y
g
iv
in
g
th
em
a
m
u
ch
m
o
r
e
clea
r
,
f
lex
ib
le,
a
n
d
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
way
to
cu
s
to
m
ize
th
e
lev
el
o
f
s
av
in
g
th
eir
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
e
b
atter
ies
ac
c
o
r
d
in
g
to
n
ee
d
.
T
h
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
will
also
in
s
p
ir
e
d
ev
elo
p
er
s
an
d
a
p
p
p
r
o
v
id
e
r
s
to
c
o
m
e
u
p
with
g
r
ee
d
y
m
u
lti
-
en
e
r
g
y
v
e
r
s
io
n
s
o
f
th
e
s
am
e
ap
p
s
to
s
u
it d
if
f
er
e
n
t c
at
eg
o
r
ies o
f
u
s
er
n
ee
d
s
.
2.
B
ACK
G
RO
UND
AN
D
M
O
T
I
VA
T
I
O
N
T
h
e
m
ain
m
o
tiv
atio
n
o
f
th
e
r
esear
ch
is
th
e
lack
o
f
u
s
er
g
u
id
an
ce
f
o
r
c
h
o
o
s
in
g
s
u
itab
le
en
er
g
y
-
ef
f
icien
t
ap
p
s
b
ef
o
r
e
i
n
s
tallin
g
an
d
u
s
in
g
th
e
ap
p
s
.
T
h
e
w
id
e
p
o
p
u
lar
ity
o
f
An
d
r
o
id
as
a
co
m
m
o
n
l
y
u
s
ed
o
p
er
atin
g
s
y
s
tem
am
o
n
g
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
es
an
d
s
m
ar
t
d
ev
ices,
in
ad
d
itio
n
to
its
m
ajo
r
ad
v
an
tag
e
o
f
b
ein
g
an
o
p
en
-
s
o
u
r
ce
p
latf
o
r
m
,
wer
e
th
e
m
ai
n
f
ac
to
r
s
m
o
tiv
atin
g
u
s
to
u
s
e
An
d
r
o
id
ap
p
s
as
a
p
r
im
ar
y
a
r
e
a
o
f
r
esear
ch
in
o
u
r
m
o
d
el.
I
n
th
e
f
o
llo
win
g
,
we
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
an
im
p
r
o
v
em
en
t
to
t
h
e
en
er
g
y
-
s
av
in
g
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
es
cu
r
r
e
n
tly
u
s
ed
f
o
r
An
d
r
o
id
a
p
p
s
esp
ec
ially
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
p
r
e
-
in
s
tallatio
n
an
d
u
s
ag
e
s
tag
es.
W
e
f
o
r
m
u
lated
th
e
r
esear
ch
q
u
esti
o
n
s
o
f
th
is
s
tu
d
y
as f
o
llo
w
s:
R
Q1
:
Ho
w
ca
n
we
av
o
id
s
ac
r
if
icin
g
all
o
r
p
ar
ts
o
f
a
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
th
at
ar
e
c
o
n
s
id
er
ed
n
ee
d
ed
f
o
r
s
p
ec
if
ic
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
e
u
s
er
s
wh
ile
s
till
en
ab
lin
g
u
s
er
s
to
ex
ten
d
th
e
p
h
o
n
e’
s
b
atter
y
life
in
a
m
o
r
e
ef
f
icien
t
way
(
i.e
.
,
u
s
er
-
in
v
o
lv
e
d
ef
f
icien
t
p
r
ev
en
tiv
e
en
er
g
y
-
s
av
in
g
)
?
R
Q2
:
Ho
w
ca
n
we
a
v
o
id
wastin
g
an
y
am
o
u
n
t
o
f
en
er
g
y
f
r
o
m
a
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
e
’
s
b
atter
y
wh
i
le
wo
r
k
in
g
o
n
s
av
in
g
t
h
e
en
er
g
y
o
f
th
e
b
a
tter
y
(
i.e
.
,
b
ein
g
p
r
ev
en
tiv
e
r
at
h
er
th
an
a
d
etec
tiv
e)
?
3.
RE
L
AT
E
D
WO
RK
An
d
r
o
id
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
es
co
m
e
with
m
an
y
b
u
ilt
-
in
f
ea
tu
r
es
th
at
ar
e
p
r
o
v
id
e
d
to
en
d
-
u
s
e
r
s
with
a
m
in
im
u
m
lev
el
o
f
p
ar
ticip
atio
n
[
9
]
.
T
h
ese
tech
n
iq
u
es
an
d
f
e
atu
r
es
f
o
llo
w
ce
r
tain
p
h
ilo
s
o
p
h
ies.
W
e
wer
e
ab
le
to
class
if
y
th
ese
in
t
o
two
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es,
d
etec
tiv
e
a
n
d
p
r
ev
e
n
tiv
e,
as
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
I
n
th
e
f
o
llo
win
g
,
we
p
r
o
v
id
e
an
o
v
er
v
iew
o
f
th
e
c
u
r
r
en
t a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
es a
n
d
th
eir
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
s
an
d
lim
itatio
n
s
.
3
.
1
.
P
re
v
ent
iv
e
vs
det
ec
t
iv
e
ba
t
t
er
y
-
s
a
v
ing
a
pp
ro
a
ches o
n a
nd
ro
id s
m
a
rt
ph
o
nes
So
lu
tio
n
s
th
at
ar
e
co
n
s
id
er
e
d
to
f
o
llo
w
th
e
d
etec
tiv
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
r
u
n
o
n
t
h
e
s
y
s
tem
le
v
el
o
f
th
e
An
d
r
o
id
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
e
a
n
d
m
o
n
ito
r
th
e
b
e
h
av
io
r
o
f
ea
ch
ap
p
an
d
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
to
wa
r
d
t
h
e
b
atter
y
[
1
0
]
;
th
ese
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
eith
er
ac
t
o
r
war
n
t
h
e
u
s
er
o
r
ev
en
k
ill
an
en
er
g
y
-
g
r
ee
d
y
ap
p
licatio
n
.
On
th
e
o
t
h
er
h
an
d
,
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
th
at
ar
e
p
r
o
v
id
e
d
b
y
d
ev
el
o
p
e
r
s
an
d
m
an
u
f
ac
tu
r
er
s
,
wh
ich
ar
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
u
n
d
er
th
e
p
r
e
v
e
n
tiv
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
,
ar
e
b
u
ilt
-
in
b
atter
y
-
s
av
in
g
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
im
p
lem
en
ted
o
n
th
e
h
a
r
d
w
ar
e
an
d
k
er
n
el
-
lev
el
[
1
1
]
,
e.
g
.
,
en
er
g
y
s
tar
s
av
er
[
1
2
]
.
A
n
o
th
er
s
o
lu
tio
n
th
at
is
co
n
s
id
er
ed
to
f
o
llo
w
th
e
d
etec
tiv
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
is
b
atter
y
o
p
t
im
izer
s
,
wh
ich
ar
e
u
s
u
ally
u
p
lo
ad
e
d
o
n
Go
o
g
le
Play
as
b
atter
y
-
s
av
in
g
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
T
h
ese
ap
p
licatio
n
s
d
o
th
e
s
am
e
jo
b
th
at
is
ac
h
iev
ed
b
y
b
u
ilt
-
in
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
b
u
t
with
ad
d
itio
n
al
f
ea
tu
r
es
s
in
ce
th
ey
r
u
n
o
n
th
e
a
p
p
l
icatio
n
an
d
s
y
s
tem
lev
el.
T
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
th
at
we
wer
e
ab
le
to
class
if
y
is
th
e
p
r
ev
en
tiv
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
,
wh
ich
is
also
g
iv
en
b
y
m
an
u
f
ac
tu
r
er
s
an
d
d
e
v
elo
p
er
s
.
On
e
ex
am
p
le
o
f
th
e
p
r
e
v
en
ti
v
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
is
th
e
p
o
wer
-
s
av
i
n
g
m
o
d
es
th
at
th
e
n
ew
An
d
r
o
id
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
es
ar
e
eq
u
ip
p
ed
wi
th
.
T
h
ese
r
ea
d
y
-
m
ad
e
p
o
wer
-
s
av
in
g
m
o
d
es
f
o
llo
w
th
e
p
r
ev
en
tiv
e
s
tr
ateg
y
.
So
in
s
tead
o
f
ac
tin
g
as
a
watc
h
an
d
m
o
n
ito
r
,
th
e
y
f
o
llo
w
th
e
id
ea
o
f
s
witch
in
g
o
f
f
m
o
s
t
o
f
th
e
f
ea
tu
r
es
an
d
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
th
at
ar
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
as
en
er
g
y
-
g
r
e
ed
y
,
e.
g
.
,
GPS,
f
lash
lig
h
t,
an
d
Wi
-
Fi
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
[
1
3
]
.
T
h
ese
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
o
r
f
ea
tu
r
es
will
b
e
s
w
itch
ed
o
f
f
to
s
av
e
th
e
b
atter
y
.
So
m
e
o
f
t
h
ese
p
o
wer
-
s
av
in
g
m
o
d
es m
ay
p
r
o
v
id
e
m
a
x
im
u
m
d
is
ch
ar
g
in
g
p
e
r
io
d
s
,
wh
ich
ca
n
r
ea
ch
wee
k
s
in
s
o
m
e
b
r
a
n
d
s
.
At
th
e
s
am
e
tim
e,
all
th
is
co
m
es
with
th
e
co
s
t
o
f
u
s
in
g
o
n
l
y
b
asic
an
d
lim
ited
f
ea
tu
r
es
o
f
th
e
p
h
o
n
e.
I
n
o
t
h
e
r
wo
r
d
s
,
th
e
s
cr
ee
n
b
r
ig
h
tn
ess
will
b
e
r
ed
u
ce
d
o
r
,
in
o
th
e
r
ex
t
r
em
e
m
o
d
es,
it
will
b
e
c
o
n
v
e
r
ted
t
o
g
r
ay
s
ca
le,
th
e
W
i
-
Fi
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
will
b
e
ter
m
in
ated
,
an
d
t
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
th
e
p
h
o
n
e
w
ill
b
e
m
ar
k
e
d
ly
r
ed
u
ce
d
,
k
ee
p
in
g
th
e
o
p
tio
n
to
ex
clu
d
e
a
s
m
all
s
et
o
f
allo
we
d
ap
p
s
.
T
h
ese
p
o
wer
-
s
av
in
g
m
o
d
es
th
at
f
o
llo
w
th
e
p
r
ev
en
t
iv
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
ca
n
b
e
also
cu
s
to
m
ized
b
y
en
d
-
u
s
er
s
to
s
u
it
th
eir
o
wn
n
ee
d
s
,
b
u
t
it
in
v
o
l
v
es
m
an
y
co
m
p
lic
atio
n
s
,
wh
ich
ca
n
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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&
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p
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I
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8
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ta
r
-
r
a
tin
g
ev
a
lu
a
tio
n
mo
d
el
fo
r
r
a
tin
g
th
e
en
erg
y
-
efficien
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l
ev
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.
(
A
b
d
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lla
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h
mo
u
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lma
s
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i)
1601
co
m
p
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b
ala
n
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b
etwe
en
s
av
in
g
e
n
er
g
y
an
d
u
s
in
g
t
h
e
latest
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
.
Un
d
e
r
th
e
p
r
ev
e
n
tiv
e
en
er
g
y
-
s
av
in
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ap
p
r
o
ac
h
,
we
h
e
r
e
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
ate
an
ex
am
p
le
th
at
h
i
g
h
lig
h
ts
th
e
k
ey
is
s
u
e
o
f
h
av
i
n
g
a
lim
ited
ca
p
ac
ity
o
f
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
ak
in
g
am
o
n
g
e
n
d
-
u
s
er
s
wh
en
it
co
m
es
to
c
h
o
o
s
in
g
f
r
o
m
eith
er
h
i
g
h
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
ce
(
f
u
ll
HD
s
cr
ee
n
,
co
n
tin
u
ed
GPS u
s
ag
e,
etc.
)
an
d
lo
n
g
b
atter
y
life
(
m
in
im
izin
g
th
e
d
is
ch
ar
g
in
g
tim
e)
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
T
h
e
h
ig
h
-
lev
el
d
esig
n
o
f
c
u
r
r
en
t
b
atter
y
-
s
av
in
g
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es im
p
lem
e
n
ted
o
n
a
n
d
r
o
id
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
es
an
d
ap
p
licatio
n
s
3
.
2
.
Andro
id
a
pp
s
g
re
en
co
din
g
pra
ct
ices
At
th
e
ap
p
licatio
n
lay
er
,
all
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
th
at
ar
e
im
p
lem
en
ted
at
th
is
lev
el
ar
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
to
f
o
llo
w
th
e
pr
ev
en
tiv
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
,
s
in
ce
th
ese
ap
p
licatio
n
s
ar
e
n
eith
er
d
o
wn
lo
ad
ed
n
o
r
r
u
n
n
i
n
g
o
n
a
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
e,
th
u
s
ar
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
to
b
e
in
th
e
“b
ef
o
r
e
in
s
tall
an
d
u
s
e”
zo
n
e
[
1
4
]
.
T
h
ese
ap
p
licatio
n
s
ca
n
r
u
n
o
n
a
s
im
u
lated
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
u
s
in
g
v
ir
tu
al
An
d
r
o
id
p
latf
o
r
m
s
,
b
u
t
th
e
ac
t
u
a
l
m
an
ag
em
en
t
r
elate
d
to
e
n
er
g
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
is
co
n
s
id
er
ed
t
o
b
e
an
esti
m
atio
n
o
f
th
eir
b
eh
av
i
o
r
[
1
5
]
.
T
h
e
o
n
ly
s
tag
e
th
at
ca
n
h
a
n
d
le
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
r
elate
d
to
en
er
g
y
s
av
in
g
in
th
e
b
e
f
o
r
e
in
s
tall
an
d
u
s
e
z
o
n
e
is
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
o
f
th
e
a
p
p
licatio
n
.
Sp
ea
k
in
g
ab
o
u
t
co
d
in
g
an
d
s
o
f
twar
e,
th
e
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
th
at
ar
e
f
o
llo
wed
ar
e
all
co
n
s
id
er
ed
b
est p
r
ac
tices.
T
h
ese
b
est p
r
ac
tices a
r
e
o
f
ten
u
s
ed
to
im
p
lem
e
n
t
q
u
ality
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
r
elate
d
t
o
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
,
s
ec
u
r
ity
,
a
n
d
,
in
o
u
r
ar
ea
,
e
n
er
g
y
ef
f
icien
cy
.
T
h
e
o
f
f
icial
An
d
r
o
id
o
n
lin
e
r
eso
u
r
ce
lis
ts
s
ev
er
al
b
atter
y
k
iller
s
[
1
6
,
1
7
]
.
T
h
ese
b
atter
y
k
iller
s
ar
e
eith
er
p
h
y
s
ical
o
r
v
ir
tu
al
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
in
a
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
e,
wh
i
ch
u
s
u
ally
co
n
s
u
m
e
a
n
o
tab
le
am
o
u
n
t
o
f
en
er
g
y
wh
en
ev
er
th
ey
ar
e
u
s
ed
.
T
h
is
o
n
lin
e
r
eso
u
r
ce
also
p
r
o
p
o
s
es
a
s
et
o
f
b
est
p
r
ac
tices
th
at
ar
e
r
elate
d
t
o
e
n
er
g
y
s
av
in
g
an
d
p
o
wer
m
an
ag
e
m
en
t
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
an
ap
p
licatio
n
.
T
h
ese
p
r
ac
tices
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
m
in
im
izin
g
th
e
lin
es
o
f
c
o
d
e,
av
o
id
in
g
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
o
r
lo
o
p
s
th
at
ca
u
s
e
th
e
ap
p
licatio
n
to
r
u
n
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
l
y
,
an
d
p
u
ttin
g
r
est
r
ictio
n
s
o
n
c
o
m
m
an
d
s
th
at
tak
e
co
n
tr
o
l
o
f
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
co
n
s
id
er
ed
to
b
e
b
atter
y
k
iller
s
[
1
8
]
.
As
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
,
th
e
b
est
p
r
ac
tices
u
s
ed
d
u
r
in
g
d
ev
el
o
p
m
en
t
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
i
d
lin
g
o
f
th
e
h
ig
h
est
b
atter
y
k
iller
s
:
th
e
GPS,
th
e
s
cr
ee
n
,
a
n
d
th
e
b
ac
k
g
r
o
u
n
d
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
.
Fo
llo
win
g
th
ese
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
atio
n
s
an
d
b
est
p
r
ac
tices
ar
e
o
n
e
way
t
o
en
s
u
r
e
th
at
a
n
ap
p
licatio
n
is
c
o
n
s
id
er
ed
e
n
er
g
y
ef
f
icien
t.
Ho
wev
er
,
th
e
e
f
f
ec
t
o
f
in
s
talled
ap
p
s
o
n
a
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
e’
s
b
atter
y
is
n
o
t e
asil
y
u
n
d
er
s
to
o
d
b
y
en
d
-
u
s
er
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
7
0
8
I
n
t J E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
11
,
No
.
2
,
Ap
r
il 2
0
2
1
:
1
5
9
9
-
1612
1602
4.
O
VE
RVI
E
W
B
Y
E
XAMP
L
E
A
co
m
p
r
eh
e
n
s
iv
e
ex
am
p
le
is
a
co
n
s
tr
u
ctio
n
e
n
g
in
ee
r
wh
o
s
p
en
d
s
m
o
s
t
o
f
h
is
tim
e
in
o
p
en
wo
r
k
ar
ea
s
th
at
h
av
e
eith
er
lim
ited
o
r
n
o
r
ec
h
ar
g
in
g
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
an
d
/o
r
W
i
-
Fi
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
s
.
T
h
is
en
g
in
ee
r
h
as
an
ess
en
tial
n
ee
d
to
u
s
e
a
tex
tin
g
ap
p
licatio
n
s
im
i
lar
to
W
h
at
s
Ap
p
o
r
Face
b
o
o
k
m
ess
en
g
er
th
r
o
u
g
h
a
ce
llu
lar
d
ata
I
n
ter
n
et
c
o
n
n
ec
tio
n
,
at
t
h
e
s
am
e
tim
e
h
e
n
ee
d
s
to
v
i
ew
a
s
et
o
f
co
lo
r
f
u
l
ar
ch
itect
u
r
al
d
esig
n
s
o
n
h
is
p
h
o
n
e,
an
d
o
n
to
p
o
f
all
t
h
is
,
h
e
n
ee
d
s
to
s
av
e
as
m
u
ch
as
h
e
ca
n
o
f
h
is
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
e’
s
b
atter
y
life
.
T
h
e
en
g
in
ee
r
h
as
a
s
et
o
f
o
p
tio
n
s
: T
h
e
f
ir
s
t
is
to
e
n
ab
le
a
r
ea
d
y
-
to
-
u
s
e
p
o
wer
-
s
av
in
g
m
o
d
e,
wh
ich
will
af
f
ec
t
all
o
f
th
e
p
h
o
n
e,
as sh
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
T
h
is
ef
f
ec
t
m
ay
b
e
i
n
th
e
f
o
r
m
o
f
s
witch
in
g
o
f
f
th
e
ce
llu
la
r
d
ata
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
to
s
av
e
th
e
b
atter
y
t
o
p
lace
an
d
r
ec
eiv
e
o
r
d
in
ar
y
G
SM
ca
lls
,
wh
ich
will
d
ep
r
iv
e
h
im
o
f
a
n
I
n
ter
n
et
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
,
an
d
as
a
r
esu
lt
n
o
t
allo
w
h
im
to
u
s
e
a
tex
tin
g
a
p
p
licatio
n
.
A
n
o
th
er
ef
f
ec
t
o
f
en
ab
lin
g
a
p
o
wer
-
s
av
in
g
m
o
d
e
is
co
n
v
er
tin
g
th
e
s
cr
ee
n
in
to
a
g
r
ay
s
ca
le
m
o
d
e,
wh
ich
also
will
n
o
t
allo
w
th
e
co
n
s
tr
u
ctio
n
en
g
in
ee
r
to
v
iew
th
e
co
lo
r
f
u
l
ar
ch
itectu
r
al
d
esig
n
s
.
An
o
th
e
r
o
p
tio
n
is
to
cu
s
to
m
ize
t
h
e
p
o
wer
-
s
av
i
n
g
m
o
d
e
b
y
en
a
b
lin
g
it
a
n
d
t
h
en
ex
clu
d
in
g
th
e
ce
llu
lar
d
ata
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
,
th
e
c
o
lo
r
e
d
s
cr
ee
n
,
an
d
all
t
h
e
o
t
h
er
a
p
p
s
th
e
en
g
i
n
ee
r
n
ee
d
s
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
lis
t o
f
r
estrictio
n
s
g
iv
en
b
y
th
e
p
o
wer
-
s
av
in
g
m
o
d
e.
T
h
is
will
m
ar
k
ed
ly
m
in
im
ize
th
e
ef
f
ici
en
cy
o
f
th
e
p
o
wer
-
s
av
in
g
m
o
d
e
in
ter
m
s
o
f
m
i
n
im
izin
g
th
e
d
is
ch
ar
g
i
n
g
tim
e
s
in
ce
it
wi
ll
b
e
p
er
ap
p
o
r
f
ea
t
u
r
e
u
s
ag
e,
as
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
W
h
o
le
-
p
h
o
n
e
v
s
.
p
e
r
-
ap
p
ef
f
ec
ts
o
f
p
r
ev
en
tiv
e
p
o
w
er
-
s
av
in
g
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es g
iv
en
t
o
u
s
er
s
5.
P
RE
L
I
M
I
NAR
Y
ST
U
DY
R
E
S
E
ARCH
M
E
T
H
O
DS
T
h
is
p
ap
er
p
r
o
p
o
s
es
a
n
o
v
el
way
to
en
h
a
n
ce
th
e
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
p
r
ev
en
tiv
e
e
n
er
g
y
-
s
av
in
g
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
es
f
o
r
An
d
r
o
id
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
T
o
ac
h
i
ev
e
th
is
g
o
al,
th
e
f
ir
s
t
s
tep
is
to
m
ea
s
u
r
e
th
e
ef
f
icien
cy
lev
e
l
an
d
p
o
p
u
lar
ity
o
f
th
e
cu
r
r
e
n
t
p
r
ev
en
tiv
e
ap
p
r
o
a
ch
es.
Kn
o
win
g
th
e
lev
el
o
f
u
s
er
ac
ce
p
tan
ce
o
f
th
e
am
o
u
n
t
o
f
f
lex
ib
ilit
y
an
d
k
n
o
wled
g
e
g
iv
en
to
th
em
wh
ile
u
s
in
g
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
p
r
e
v
en
ti
v
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
is
im
p
o
r
tan
t
f
o
r
r
esear
ch
er
s
an
d
d
ev
elo
p
er
s
i
n
ter
ested
in
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
th
ese
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es.
Sp
ec
if
ically
,
if
a
d
d
in
g
m
o
r
e
f
lex
i
b
ilit
y
o
r
k
n
o
wled
g
e
f
o
r
en
d
-
u
s
er
s
will
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
af
f
ec
t
en
er
g
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
,
en
d
-
u
s
er
s
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
p
r
o
v
id
ed
with
th
is
ad
d
itio
n
al
lev
el.
A
s
u
r
v
ey
im
p
lem
en
te
d
am
o
n
g
a
s
am
p
le
o
f
m
o
r
e
th
an
4
4
3
An
d
r
o
id
s
m
ar
t
p
h
o
n
e
u
s
er
s
in
2
0
1
9
g
o
t
d
if
f
er
en
t
r
esu
lts
,
wh
ich
we
f
i
r
s
t
av
er
ag
ed
an
d
th
en
class
if
ied
b
y
ag
e
g
r
o
u
p
s
f
r
o
m
1
6
to
6
0
y
ea
r
s
o
ld
.
T
h
e
s
u
r
v
ey
h
ad
a
p
r
im
ar
y
q
u
esti
o
n
ab
o
u
t
u
s
in
g
p
o
wer
-
s
av
in
g
m
o
d
es
th
at
An
d
r
o
id
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
es a
r
e
eq
u
ip
p
ed
with
.
C
h
o
ices
o
f
an
s
wer
s
wer
e:
Ye
s
,
u
s
es
th
e
r
ea
d
y
-
m
a
d
e
p
o
we
r
-
s
av
in
g
m
o
d
es
(
YR
)
;
Yes,
u
s
es
th
e
cu
s
to
m
ized
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8
7
0
8
S
ta
r
-
r
a
tin
g
ev
a
lu
a
tio
n
mo
d
el
fo
r
r
a
tin
g
th
e
en
erg
y
-
efficien
cy
l
ev
el
..
.
(
A
b
d
u
lla
h
Ma
h
mo
u
d
A
lma
s
r
i)
1603
p
o
wer
-
s
av
in
g
m
o
d
e
(
YC
)
;
an
d
No
,
n
ev
e
r
u
s
es
th
e
p
o
wer
-
s
av
in
g
m
o
d
es
(
N)
.
T
h
is
p
ar
t
wa
s
ex
p
ec
ted
to
g
iv
e
a
g
en
er
al
v
iew
o
f
th
e
p
o
p
u
lar
ity
o
f
u
s
ag
e
am
o
n
g
th
ese
p
o
we
r
-
s
av
in
g
m
o
d
es,
th
er
e
f
o
r
e
a
g
o
o
d
in
d
icatio
n
ab
o
u
t
th
eir
m
ain
co
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
to
ex
t
en
d
in
g
b
atter
y
life
b
y
en
d
-
u
s
er
s
,
as
well
as
s
h
o
w
th
eir
r
o
le
i
n
th
e
b
ig
p
ictu
r
e
o
f
g
r
ee
n
co
m
p
u
tin
g
.
Oth
er
p
o
p
u
lar
tech
n
iq
u
es
o
f
f
e
r
ed
b
y
An
d
r
o
id
d
e
v
elo
p
e
r
s
an
d
m
an
u
f
ac
tu
r
er
s
ar
e
b
atter
y
o
p
tim
izer
s
an
d
b
atter
y
-
s
av
in
g
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
T
h
ese
ap
p
licatio
n
s
r
u
n
o
n
th
e
ap
p
licatio
n
lay
er
an
d
ar
e
in
ten
d
ed
to
ex
ten
d
th
e
b
a
tter
y
d
is
ch
ar
g
e
tim
e.
T
h
is
tech
n
iq
u
e
is
claim
ed
to
s
av
e
en
er
g
y
u
n
d
er
t
h
e
d
etec
ti
v
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
,
wh
ich
f
o
llo
ws
th
e
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
,
co
n
t
r
o
l,
an
d
o
p
tim
izatio
n
o
f
th
e
b
e
h
av
io
r
o
f
ea
ch
r
u
n
n
in
g
ap
p
lic
atio
n
.
T
o
k
n
o
w
th
e
ef
f
icien
cy
o
f
p
o
wer
-
s
av
in
g
a
p
p
licatio
n
s
,
b
atter
y
-
s
av
in
g
to
o
l
s
,
an
d
b
atter
y
o
p
tim
izer
s
,
we
i
m
p
lem
en
ted
a
s
h
o
r
t
s
tatis
t
ical
an
d
tech
n
ical
a
n
al
y
s
is
o
n
Go
o
g
le
Play
s
to
r
e
a
p
p
licatio
n
s
.
W
e
p
ick
e
d
a
s
a
m
p
le
o
f
th
e
t
o
p
5
ap
p
licatio
n
s
th
at
o
f
f
er
th
e
s
er
v
ice
o
f
b
atter
y
s
av
in
g
an
d
m
a
n
ag
em
en
t.
W
e
o
r
d
er
e
d
th
e
ap
p
s
p
er
t
h
e
r
e
v
iews,
as
th
ey
ar
e
th
e
o
n
ly
i
n
d
icatio
n
o
f
p
o
p
u
lar
ity
an
d
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
d
o
wn
lo
ad
s
.
I
n
th
e
s
tatis
tical
p
ar
t
,
we
u
s
ed
Po
wer
T
u
to
r
as
a
p
o
wer
p
r
o
f
iler
to
m
ea
s
u
r
e
th
e
am
o
u
n
t
o
f
p
o
wer
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
o
f
ea
ch
ap
p
licatio
n
p
er
f
iv
e
m
in
u
tes o
f
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
r
u
n
n
in
g
.
T
h
er
e
ar
e
o
th
e
r
way
s
to
m
ea
s
u
r
e
th
e
am
o
u
n
t
o
f
en
e
r
g
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
,
s
u
ch
as
Mso
o
n
p
o
wer
m
o
n
ito
r
[
1
9
,
2
0
]
,
T
r
e
p
n
,
an
d
L
E
AP
p
o
wer
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t
d
e
v
ices,
b
u
t
th
e
m
ain
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
was
to
g
iv
e
a
g
en
er
al
im
p
r
ess
io
n
o
f
th
e
e
n
e
r
g
y
c
o
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
b
y
ea
ch
ap
p
.
T
h
e
s
u
r
v
ey
r
esu
l
t
s
wer
e
th
e
m
o
s
t
im
p
o
r
tan
t
s
o
u
r
ce
o
f
in
s
p
ir
atio
n
to
s
tar
t
lo
o
k
in
g
f
o
r
n
ew
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
to
s
av
e
en
er
g
y
o
n
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
es
s
in
ce
all
cu
r
r
en
t
p
o
wer
-
s
av
in
g
tech
n
iq
u
es
f
o
llo
w
eith
er
a
p
r
ev
en
tiv
e
o
r
d
etec
tiv
e
p
o
we
r
-
s
av
in
g
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es.
T
h
e
r
es
u
lts
o
f
s
tu
d
y
in
g
b
o
th
e
x
am
p
l
es
u
n
d
er
p
r
ev
en
tiv
e
an
d
d
etec
tiv
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
ar
e
f
u
r
th
er
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
ated
in
th
e
f
o
ll
o
win
g
s
ec
tio
n
an
d
th
en
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
co
n
ce
r
n
in
g
th
e
b
ac
k
g
r
o
u
n
d
an
d
th
e
r
esear
ch
q
u
esti
o
n
s
.
6.
RE
SU
L
T
S
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
o
f
th
e
p
r
el
im
in
ar
y
s
tu
d
y
r
elate
d
to
m
ea
s
u
r
in
g
th
e
p
o
p
u
lar
ity
o
f
u
s
ag
e
am
o
n
g
p
o
wer
-
s
av
in
g
m
o
d
es
wer
e
ch
ar
ted
,
as
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
Fro
m
th
ese
r
esu
lts
,
we
wer
e
f
ir
s
t
ab
le
to
g
et
an
in
itial
im
p
r
ess
io
n
of
th
e
p
o
p
u
lar
ity
o
f
th
e
u
s
ag
e
o
f
th
e
two
m
ain
ca
teg
o
r
ies
o
f
cu
r
r
en
t
p
o
wer
-
s
av
in
g
m
o
d
es.
T
h
e
av
er
ag
e
u
s
ag
e
o
f
th
ese
m
o
d
es
d
id
n
o
t
ex
ce
ed
3
1
%
am
o
n
g
th
e
to
tal
4
4
3
An
d
r
o
id
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
e
u
s
er
s
.
W
ith
th
is
p
er
ce
n
tag
e
tak
en
in
to
ac
co
u
n
t
an
d
as
f
ar
as
th
e
en
d
-
u
s
er
h
as
th
e
o
p
tio
n
to
eith
er
ac
tiv
ate
o
r
av
o
id
u
s
in
g
a
p
o
wer
-
s
av
in
g
m
o
d
e,
th
is
m
ak
es
th
e
co
n
ce
p
t
o
f
o
f
f
er
in
g
p
o
wer
-
s
av
in
g
m
o
d
es
cr
itically
q
u
esti
o
n
ab
le
in
ter
m
s
o
f
r
ea
l
-
life
f
u
n
ctio
n
ality
an
d
th
e
m
ain
co
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
to
th
e
b
ig
p
ictu
r
e
o
f
ex
ten
d
in
g
b
atter
y
life
.
Ho
wev
er
,
s
in
ce
p
r
ev
en
tiv
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
g
iv
e
th
e
o
p
tio
n
eith
er
to
en
jo
y
t
h
e
m
o
d
er
n
f
ea
tu
r
es
o
f
a
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
e
o
r
to
en
jo
y
a
lo
n
g
er
b
atter
y
life
,
it a
lway
s
h
as to
b
e
o
f
f
er
ed
as
an
o
p
tio
n
al
s
o
lu
tio
n
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
we
also
s
tu
d
ied
th
e
d
etec
tiv
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es,
ex
am
p
les
o
f
wh
ich
wer
e
b
atter
y
o
p
tim
izer
s
an
d
b
atter
y
-
s
av
in
g
ap
p
s
o
f
f
er
ed
in
th
e
Go
o
g
le
Play
s
to
r
e.
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
T
h
e
p
o
p
u
lar
ity
o
f
th
e
u
s
ag
e
o
f
p
o
wer
-
s
av
in
g
m
o
d
e
s
am
o
n
g
f
o
u
r
e
n
d
-
u
s
er
ag
e
g
r
o
u
p
s
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
7
0
8
I
n
t J E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
11
,
No
.
2
,
Ap
r
il 2
0
2
1
:
1
5
9
9
-
1612
1604
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
o
f
th
e
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
ts
g
en
er
ated
b
y
Po
wer
T
u
to
r
an
d
T
r
ep
n
ar
e
s
h
o
wn
in
T
ab
le
1
.
Ad
d
itio
n
ally
,
b
y
u
s
in
g
th
e
s
am
e
p
o
wer
u
s
ag
e
p
r
o
f
ile
r
s
to
r
an
k
th
e
p
o
wer
co
n
s
u
m
ed
b
y
ea
ch
r
u
n
n
in
g
ap
p
licatio
n
,
we
wer
e
ab
le
to
r
an
k
two
p
o
wer
-
o
p
tim
izin
g
ap
p
licatio
n
s
,
as
b
o
th
wer
e
r
an
k
ed
am
o
n
g
th
e
to
p
th
r
ee
m
o
s
t
p
o
wer
-
co
n
s
u
m
in
g
ap
p
licatio
n
s
,
as
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
B
ef
o
r
e
g
o
in
g
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t
r
esu
lts
,
th
ese
o
p
tim
izer
s
ad
d
r
ess
ed
a
k
ey
is
s
u
e
r
elate
d
to
th
e
m
ain
co
n
ce
p
t
o
f
s
av
in
g
p
o
wer
.
T
h
e
m
ain
an
d
cr
itical
is
s
u
e
is
th
at
th
ey
r
eq
u
ir
e
p
o
wer
to
r
u
n
,
wh
ich
ca
u
s
es
th
em
to
f
ail
in
d
eliv
er
in
g
th
eir
m
ain
g
o
al
o
f
s
av
in
g
en
er
g
y
.
Pu
t
s
im
p
ly
,
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
ap
p
s
o
n
a
r
u
n
n
in
g
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
e
an
d
an
n
o
u
n
cin
g
n
o
tific
atio
n
s
will
co
n
s
u
m
e
p
o
wer
f
r
o
m
th
e
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
e’
s
b
atter
y
f
o
r
th
e
s
ak
e
o
f
s
av
in
g
th
e
s
am
e
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
e’
s
p
o
wer
.
Plu
s
,
wh
atev
er
r
u
n
s
o
n
th
e
ap
p
licatio
n
an
d
/o
r
th
e
o
p
er
atin
g
s
y
s
tem
(
OS)
lay
er
o
f
th
e
p
h
o
n
e
co
n
s
u
m
es
p
o
wer
f
r
o
m
th
e
s
am
e
p
h
o
n
e
b
atter
y
.
Ad
d
itio
n
ally
,
r
eg
ar
d
in
g
th
ese
r
esu
lts
,
we
wer
e
ab
le
to
s
ee
th
at
th
ese
ap
p
licatio
n
s
co
n
s
u
m
e
a
lar
g
e
am
o
u
n
t
o
f
en
er
g
y
wh
ile
r
u
n
n
in
g
,
an
d
th
ese
r
esu
lts
s
h
o
w
a
m
ajo
r
lim
itatio
n
o
f
th
is
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
f
o
r
en
er
g
y
-
s
av
in
g
s
in
ce
th
er
e
is
a
co
n
f
lict
o
f
in
ter
est.
T
h
is
also
m
ak
es
th
is
tech
n
iq
u
e
q
u
esti
o
n
ab
le
in
ter
m
s
o
f
its
ef
f
icien
cy
lev
el
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
th
e
m
ain
r
o
le
o
f
s
av
in
g
en
er
g
y
.
T
ab
le
1
.
Av
e
r
ag
e
p
o
wer
c
o
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
p
e
r
5
m
i
n
u
tes f
o
r
5
p
o
wer
-
s
av
in
g
/
o
p
tim
izin
g
a
pps
S
i
z
e
R
a
t
i
n
g
R
e
v
i
e
w
s
C
o
n
s
u
mp
t
i
o
n
P
e
r
5
m
A
p
p
1
1
0
M
B
4
.
5
*
8
0
0
0
0
0
0
~
2
9
8
.
3
mW
A
p
p
1
2
2.
9
M
B
4
.
4
*
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
~
1
6
5
.
7
mW
A
p
p
6
1
5
M
B
4
.
6
*
1
8
9
0
0
0
~
7
8
5
.
9
mW
A
p
p
1
1
7.
6
M
B
4
.
5
*
1
3
5
0
0
0
~
4
5
4
.
6
mW
A
p
p
2
1
2
M
B
4
.
6
*
1
1
8
0
0
0
~
6
5
2
.
1
mW
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
Usi
n
g
p
o
wer
t
u
to
r
an
d
t
r
ep
n
p
r
o
f
iler
s
to
r
ea
d
t
h
e
a
m
o
u
n
t
o
f
en
e
r
g
y
c
o
n
s
u
m
ed
b
y
two
p
o
p
u
la
r
p
o
wer
-
o
p
tim
izin
g
ap
p
licatio
n
s
7.
T
H
E
M
I
S
SI
NG
P
I
E
C
E
O
F
T
H
E
P
U
Z
Z
L
E
T
h
is
r
esear
ch
was
aim
ed
at
f
in
d
in
g
th
e
m
is
s
in
g
p
iece
o
f
th
e
p
u
zz
le
in
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
o
f
b
atter
y
an
d
en
er
g
y
s
av
in
g
in
An
d
r
o
id
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
es.
Fig
u
r
e
5
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ates
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
f
o
r
th
e
d
iv
is
io
n
o
f
au
th
o
r
ities
an
d
r
o
les in
en
er
g
y
-
s
av
in
g
am
o
n
g
An
d
r
o
id
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
es.
T
h
e
m
o
s
t
p
o
p
u
lar
f
ac
to
r
s
th
at
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
e
u
s
er
s
tak
e
in
to
co
n
s
id
er
atio
n
wh
en
d
ec
id
in
g
wh
ich
ap
p
to
d
o
wn
lo
ad
an
d
u
s
e
ar
e
r
elate
d
to
th
e
m
ain
f
u
n
ctio
n
o
f
th
e
ap
p
an
d
its
p
o
p
u
lar
ity
.
W
ith
th
e
ex
is
ten
ce
o
f
o
th
er
f
ac
to
r
s
to
co
n
s
id
er
,
An
d
r
o
id
a
pp
s
to
r
es a
llo
w
u
s
er
s
to
ch
o
o
s
e
f
r
o
m
a
v
ar
iety
o
f
ap
p
s
th
at
s
h
ar
e
s
im
ilar
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
b
u
t
g
iv
e
n
o
in
d
icatio
n
as to
th
e
en
er
g
y
b
eh
av
io
r
o
f
th
e
ap
p
s
.
T
h
e
ar
ea
th
at
s
h
o
ws
o
u
r
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
o
lu
tio
n
is
th
e
ar
ea
b
etwe
en
ap
p
licatio
n
s
th
at
ar
e
n
o
t
y
et
in
s
talled
o
n
th
e
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
e
an
d
th
e
en
d
-
u
s
er
,
as
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
W
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
th
at
en
d
u
s
er
s
will a
ct
as d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
ak
er
s
co
n
ce
r
n
in
g
th
e
ap
p
licatio
n
s
th
at
ar
e
ab
o
u
t
to
b
e
d
o
wn
lo
ad
ed
o
n
th
eir
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
es
af
ter
tak
in
g
in
to
co
n
s
id
er
atio
n
th
e
lev
el
o
f
p
o
wer
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
f
o
r
ea
ch
ap
p
.
T
h
e
m
ain
co
n
ce
p
t
is
to
en
h
an
ce
th
e
r
o
le
o
f
th
e
en
d
-
u
s
er
s
wh
ile
s
elec
tin
g
a
r
eliab
le
s
o
lu
tio
n
th
at
f
o
llo
ws
th
e
p
r
ev
en
tiv
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
,
s
o
en
d
u
s
er
s
will
h
av
e
a
r
ep
lace
m
en
t
o
p
tio
n
o
th
er
th
an
s
elec
tin
g
a
p
o
wer
-
s
av
in
g
m
o
d
e
th
at
will
d
ea
ctiv
ate
th
e
m
o
d
er
n
f
ea
tu
r
es
o
f
th
e
p
h
o
n
e.
T
h
is
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
en
h
an
ce
m
en
t
will
k
ee
p
th
e
s
am
e
lev
el
o
f
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
at
th
e
wh
o
le
-
p
h
o
n
e
lev
el
an
d
will
also
allo
w
en
d
-
u
s
er
s
to
s
elec
t
th
e
b
est
ap
p
licatio
n
s
in
ter
m
s
o
f
th
eir
en
er
g
y
-
f
r
ien
d
ly
f
ea
tu
r
es.
R
ef
er
r
in
g
to
o
u
r
p
r
ev
io
u
s
o
v
er
v
iew
ex
a
m
p
le
r
elate
d
to
th
e
f
ield
co
n
s
tr
u
ctio
n
en
g
in
ee
r
,
th
is
will
en
ab
le
th
e
en
g
in
ee
r
to
s
elec
t
th
e
lev
el
o
f
f
u
n
ctio
n
alities
b
y
ch
o
o
s
in
g
a
p
o
wer
-
f
r
ien
d
ly
ap
p
th
at
s
till
g
iv
es
h
im
m
o
r
e
m
o
d
er
n
f
ea
tu
r
es
wh
ile
co
n
s
u
m
in
g
less
o
f
h
is
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
e’
s
b
atter
y
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
o
r
d
in
ar
y
u
s
ag
e.
So
,
th
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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ally
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ateg
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ate
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am
o
u
n
t
o
f
en
er
g
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
o
f
an
An
d
r
o
id
ap
p
licatio
n
.
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
C
u
r
r
e
n
t b
atter
y
an
d
en
er
g
y
-
s
av
in
g
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
f
o
r
An
d
r
o
id
s
m
ar
t
p
h
o
n
e
s
8.
E
NE
RG
Y
S
T
AR
RA
T
I
NG
S
CH
E
M
A:
A
N
E
F
F
I
CI
E
N
T
DE
CI
S
I
O
N
SUPP
O
RT
T
O
O
L
F
O
R
E
ND
USE
R
S
T
h
e
m
ain
co
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
o
u
r
r
esear
ch
is
th
at
we
ad
d
r
ess
th
e
n
ee
d
to
r
u
n
a
p
o
wer
-
o
p
tim
izin
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
n
th
e
OS
an
d
ap
p
licatio
n
lay
er
s
o
f
a
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
e.
Sin
ce
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
r
eq
u
ir
es
p
o
wer
,
we
f
o
cu
s
o
n
av
o
id
in
g
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
en
er
g
y
s
to
r
ed
in
a
b
atter
y
to
co
n
s
er
v
e
th
at
s
to
r
ed
en
er
g
y
.
I
n
s
tead
,
we
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
a
p
r
ev
en
tiv
e
s
tr
ateg
y
th
at
r
eq
u
ir
es
n
o
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
in
an
y
lay
er
o
f
th
e
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
e
an
d
g
iv
es
en
d
-
u
s
er
s
th
e
o
p
tio
n
to
d
ec
id
e
wh
ich
ap
p
s
to
in
s
tall
af
ter
v
iewin
g
th
eir
en
er
g
y
b
eh
av
io
r
.
T
h
e
n
e
ar
est
s
im
ilar
s
o
lu
tio
n
is
th
e
en
er
g
y
r
atin
g
lab
els
u
s
ed
o
n
h
o
m
e
ap
p
lian
ce
s
.
An
d
r
o
id
u
s
er
s
en
jo
y
th
e
way
ap
p
licatio
n
s
ca
n
b
e
d
o
wn
lo
ad
ed
an
d
u
s
ed
,
b
u
t
ar
e
also
co
n
ce
r
n
ed
ab
o
u
t
g
iv
in
g
th
e
g
r
ee
n
lig
h
t
to
s
ev
er
al
f
lash
in
g
p
er
m
is
s
io
n
s
.
E
n
d
u
s
er
s
will
also
b
e
ab
le
to
s
ee
th
e
s
tar
r
atin
g
o
f
ea
ch
ap
p
licatio
n
av
ailab
le
o
n
th
e
Go
o
g
le
Play
s
to
r
e,
an
d
th
en
d
ec
id
e
wh
ich
ap
p
licatio
n
s
to
in
s
tall
an
d
u
s
e.
8
.
1
.
Co
ncept
a
nd
cha
lleng
es
T
h
e
b
asic
id
ea
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
o
lu
tio
n
i
s
to
b
en
ef
it
f
r
o
m
th
e
r
elev
an
t
p
r
o
v
en
r
esu
lts
o
f
r
esear
ch
es
th
at
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
en
er
g
y
-
f
r
ien
d
ly
co
d
e
r
estru
ctu
r
in
g
o
r
r
ef
o
r
m
u
latin
g
to
o
ls
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
o
lu
tio
n
m
er
g
es
th
ese
n
ewly
d
esig
n
ed
to
o
ls
to
u
s
e
it a
s
a
s
et
o
f
b
aselin
e
f
ac
to
r
s
th
at
will f
in
ally
cr
y
s
talize
a
co
n
ce
p
t o
f
a
r
eliab
le
an
d
tr
u
s
tf
u
l
ev
alu
atio
n
to
o
l.
T
h
is
ev
alu
atio
n
to
o
l
will
b
e
th
en
u
s
ed
as
an
x
-
r
ay
b
elt
to
ev
alu
ate
an
y
An
d
r
o
id
ap
p
licatio
n
in
ter
m
s
o
f
its
lev
el
o
f
en
er
g
y
ef
f
icien
cy
.
T
h
e
to
o
l
is
s
u
p
p
o
s
ed
to
b
e
a
h
id
d
en
b
u
ilt
-
in
f
ea
tu
r
e
ad
d
ed
to
Go
o
g
le
Play
Sto
r
e
wh
ich
will
s
h
o
w
th
e
lev
el
o
f
en
er
g
y
ef
f
icien
cy
o
f
an
ap
p
to
all
u
s
er
s
o
f
Go
o
g
le
Play
Sto
r
e
Similar
to
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
u
s
er
s
atis
f
ac
tio
n
s
tar
t
-
r
atin
g
s
ch
em
a
wh
ich
is
s
h
o
wn
b
esid
e
ea
ch
ap
p
.
W
e
p
r
ef
er
r
ed
to
u
s
e
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
r
ef
ac
to
r
in
g
to
o
ls
as
b
ase
lin
es
to
o
u
r
to
o
l
b
ec
au
s
e
o
f
th
e
av
ailab
ilit
y
o
f
th
e
s
o
u
r
ce
co
d
e
o
n
Go
o
g
le
Play
wh
ich
m
ak
es
it
an
ex
tr
em
e
ly
v
alu
ab
le
r
eso
u
r
ce
f
o
r
th
ese
r
ef
ac
to
r
in
g
to
o
ls
to
b
e
im
p
lem
en
ted
o
n
m
o
s
t
p
o
p
u
lar
ap
p
s
.
So
,
th
e
id
ea
o
f
b
r
in
g
in
g
th
e
s
o
u
r
ce
co
d
e
o
f
an
ap
p
th
at
is
av
a
ilab
le
o
n
Go
o
g
le
to
g
eth
er
with
th
e
latest r
ef
ac
to
r
in
g
to
o
ls
is
th
e
p
r
im
ar
y
co
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
th
is
r
esear
ch
.
Ho
wev
er
,
th
e
to
o
l
wh
ich
we
ar
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
in
g
ca
n
b
e
f
lex
ib
le
to
allo
w
f
u
tu
r
e
b
aselin
e
f
ac
to
r
s
to
b
e
in
clu
d
ed
in
th
e
ev
alu
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
o
lu
tio
n
in
its
s
im
p
lifie
d
an
d
f
in
al
f
o
r
m
is
s
im
ilar
to
th
e
E
ch
o
-
Star
Sch
em
a
o
r
th
e
“e
n
er
g
y
ef
f
icien
cy
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
s
tick
er
”
wh
ich
is
p
lace
d
o
n
elec
tr
ical
h
o
m
e
ap
p
lian
ce
s
.
W
e
will
tr
y
to
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ate
th
e
lev
el
o
f
en
er
g
y
ef
f
icien
cy
o
f
ea
ch
ap
p
in
a
s
im
ilar
s
tar
r
atin
g
s
ch
em
a.
T
h
is
r
atin
g
will b
e
s
h
o
wn
b
esid
e
ea
ch
ap
p
o
n
Go
o
g
le
Play
asid
e
f
r
o
m
th
e
o
r
d
in
ar
y
r
ev
iews o
f
cu
r
r
en
t
u
s
er
s
.
W
ith
th
is
,
we
in
ten
d
to
en
h
an
ce
th
e
au
th
o
r
ity
o
f
an
An
d
r
o
id
ap
p
u
s
e
d
to
b
e
ab
le
to
d
ec
id
e
wh
ich
ap
p
licatio
n
to
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e
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o
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eir
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
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:
2
0
8
8
-
8
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8
I
n
t J E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
11
,
No
.
2
,
Ap
r
il 2
0
2
1
:
1
5
9
9
-
1612
1606
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
es
an
d
allo
win
g
in
o
n
ly
en
er
g
y
-
ef
f
icien
t
ap
p
s
r
ath
er
th
an
lettin
g
wh
atev
er
ap
p
s
in
an
d
th
en
tr
y
in
g
to
f
in
d
a
way
to
b
alan
ce
th
e
en
er
g
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
wh
ich
will
also
co
s
t
en
er
g
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
.
Fo
r
th
e
tech
n
ical
p
ar
t,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
to
o
l
is
b
ased
o
n
th
e
p
r
in
cip
le
o
f
s
im
p
le
m
ath
em
atica
l
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
.
So
,
we
f
ir
s
t
m
ea
s
u
r
e
th
e
m
ax
im
u
m
am
o
u
n
t
o
f
en
er
g
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
f
o
r
th
e
ap
p
licatio
n
b
y
r
u
n
n
in
g
it
with
its
f
u
lles
t
ca
p
ac
ity
f
o
r
a
s
p
ec
if
ied
p
er
io
d
o
n
a
s
im
u
lated
An
d
r
o
id
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t.
T
h
en
we
p
ass
th
e
s
o
u
r
ce
co
d
e
o
f
th
e
ap
p
am
o
n
g
th
e
av
ailab
le
r
ef
ac
to
r
in
g
to
o
ls
to
g
en
er
ate
an
en
er
g
y
-
f
r
ien
d
ly
v
er
s
io
n
o
f
th
e
co
d
e.
Af
ter
th
at,
we
m
ea
s
u
r
e
ag
ain
th
e
m
ax
im
u
m
am
o
u
n
t o
f
en
er
g
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
f
o
r
th
e
ap
p
licatio
n
b
y
r
u
n
n
in
g
it
with
its
f
u
lles
t c
ap
ac
ity
f
o
r
th
e
s
am
e
p
er
io
d
i
n
th
e
s
am
e
s
im
u
lated
An
d
r
o
id
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t.
Fin
ally
,
th
e
g
r
ea
ter
th
e
d
if
f
er
en
ce
b
etwe
en
th
e
two
r
ea
d
in
g
s
,
th
e
wea
k
er
th
e
en
er
g
y
ef
f
icien
cy
in
d
ex
f
o
r
th
e
ap
p
licatio
n
is
,
o
r
in
o
th
er
wo
r
d
s
,
f
ewe
r
s
tar
s
.
C
o
n
v
er
s
ely
,
th
e
s
m
aller
th
e
d
if
f
er
en
ce
b
etw
ee
n
th
e
two
r
ea
d
in
g
s
,
th
e
m
o
r
e
th
e
o
r
ig
in
al
co
d
e
o
f
th
e
ap
p
licatio
n
s
h
o
ws
ad
h
er
en
ce
to
th
e
en
er
g
y
-
f
r
ien
d
ly
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
p
r
ac
tices,
wh
ich
m
ea
n
s
m
o
r
e
s
tar
s
.
T
h
e
to
p
q
u
esti
o
n
wh
ich
co
m
es
in
m
in
d
is
wh
y
n
o
t
to
ea
s
ily
p
r
o
v
id
e
th
e
u
s
er
s
with
an
en
er
g
y
-
ef
f
icien
t
v
er
s
io
n
o
f
th
e
ap
p
wh
ich
was
g
en
er
ated
af
ter
p
ass
in
g
it
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
r
ef
ac
to
r
in
g
to
o
ls
in
s
tead
o
f
d
em
o
n
s
tr
atin
g
its
d
ef
au
lt
en
er
g
y
ef
f
icien
cy
lev
el?
T
h
e
an
s
wer
to
th
is
q
u
esti
o
n
is
b
ased
o
n
th
e
co
d
e
h
an
d
lin
g
p
o
licy
wh
ich
is
f
o
llo
wed
b
y
Go
o
g
le
Play
in
ad
d
itio
n
to
th
e
ag
r
ee
m
en
ts
b
etwe
en
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
er
s
an
d
Go
o
g
le
wh
ich
av
o
id
s
im
p
lem
en
tin
g
alter
atio
n
s
to
th
e
s
o
u
r
ce
co
d
e
o
f
an
ap
p
ex
ce
p
t
f
o
r
s
ca
n
n
in
g
it
f
o
r
s
ec
u
r
ity
an
d
p
r
iv
ac
y
b
r
ea
ch
in
g
lo
o
p
h
o
les,
s
o
u
s
u
ally
th
e
co
d
e
is
u
p
lo
ad
ed
an
d
p
r
o
v
id
ed
as
is
to
en
d
-
u
s
er
s
af
t
er
in
ad
d
itio
n
to
n
o
tify
in
g
th
em
ab
o
u
t
th
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
p
er
m
is
s
io
n
f
o
r
th
e
ap
p
to
f
u
n
ctio
n
co
r
r
ec
tly
.
T
h
is
also
r
aises
a
v
er
y
b
ig
co
n
ce
r
n
in
ter
m
s
o
f
th
e
n
ee
d
f
o
r
th
e
ap
p
licatio
n
.
So
m
e
ap
p
licatio
n
s
th
at
ar
e
cu
r
r
en
tly
r
u
n
n
in
g
ca
n
n
o
t
b
e
r
ep
lace
d
b
y
o
th
er
s
b
ec
au
s
e
o
f
th
eir
p
o
p
u
lar
ity
,
e.
g
.
,
W
h
atsAp
p
,
T
witter
,
Sn
ap
ch
at,
etc.
E
v
en
if
th
e
s
tar
r
atin
g
s
h
o
wed
th
ese
ap
p
licatio
n
s
as
en
er
g
y
g
r
ee
d
y
,
u
s
er
s
will
s
till
in
s
tall
an
d
u
s
e
th
em
o
n
th
eir
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
es.
T
o
ad
d
r
ess
th
is
co
n
ce
r
n
,
we
b
eliev
e
th
at
a
n
ew
ar
ea
o
f
in
s
p
ir
atio
n
is
n
o
w
o
p
en
f
o
r
d
ev
elo
p
er
s
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
d
if
f
er
en
t
v
er
s
io
n
s
o
f
ap
p
licatio
n
s
:
b
asic,
lig
h
t,
o
r
f
u
ll.
E
ac
h
v
er
s
io
n
will h
av
e
a
d
if
f
er
en
t
lev
el
o
f
en
er
g
y
v
s
.
m
o
d
er
n
f
ea
tu
r
es,
an
d
en
d
-
u
s
er
s
ca
n
ch
o
o
s
e
b
o
th
b
ased
o
n
th
eir
o
wn
n
ee
d
s
.
Als
o
,
th
is
will
en
co
u
r
a
g
e
d
ev
elo
p
er
s
to
ap
p
ly
wh
atev
er
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
atio
n
s
ar
e
av
ailab
le
o
n
th
eir
ap
p
s
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
th
e
h
ig
h
est
en
er
g
y
-
f
r
ien
d
ly
r
atin
g
s
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
to
th
e
ab
o
v
e,
we
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
th
is
o
p
tio
n
to
en
d
-
u
s
er
s
to
b
e
ab
le
to
ch
o
o
s
e
th
e
b
est
en
er
g
y
-
f
r
ien
d
ly
ap
p
f
r
o
m
th
e
lis
t
o
f
ap
p
s
th
at
s
h
ar
es
th
e
s
am
e
h
ig
h
-
lev
el
g
o
al,
f
o
r
ex
am
p
le,
tex
tin
g
ap
p
s
,
m
u
s
ic
p
lay
er
s
,
v
o
ip
ap
p
s
etc.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
g
o
in
g
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
u
s
ef
u
ln
ess
o
f
ea
ch
ap
p
is
b
ey
o
n
d
th
e
s
co
p
e
o
f
o
u
r
r
esear
ch
.
T
o
b
e
m
o
r
e
clea
r
,
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
th
e
ec
h
o
-
s
tar
r
atin
g
s
tick
er
wh
ich
is
p
lace
d
o
n
h
o
m
e
ap
p
lian
ce
s
,
ev
en
-
th
o
u
g
h
ap
p
lian
ce
s
f
o
r
m
th
e
s
am
e
ca
teg
o
r
y
d
o
n
o
t
p
er
f
o
r
m
s
im
ilar
task
s
th
e
s
tick
er
d
o
es n
o
t
g
o
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
u
s
ef
u
ln
ess
o
f
ea
ch
h
o
m
e
ap
p
lian
ce
e.
g
.
a
wash
in
g
m
ac
h
in
e
o
f
m
o
d
el
X
p
er
f
o
r
m
s
ad
d
itio
n
al
f
ea
tu
r
es
(
task
s
)
th
an
a
wash
i
n
g
m
ac
h
in
e
f
r
o
m
m
o
d
el
Y.
B
u
t
f
in
ally
,
th
e
ec
h
o
-
s
tar
r
atin
g
s
tick
er
s
h
o
ws
o
n
ly
h
o
w
m
u
ch
en
er
g
y
-
f
r
ien
d
ly
ar
e
b
o
th
m
ac
h
in
es
with
o
u
t
g
o
in
g
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
u
s
ef
u
ln
ess
o
f
ea
ch
m
ac
h
in
e.
8
.
2
.
Appro
a
ch
T
h
e
m
ain
co
n
ce
p
t
o
f
o
u
r
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
is
to
b
r
in
g
to
g
eth
er
d
ev
elo
p
er
s
,
ap
p
r
ep
o
s
ito
r
ies
(
Go
o
g
le
Play
)
,
an
d
r
esear
ch
er
s
wh
o
h
av
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
au
to
m
ated
en
er
g
y
-
awa
r
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
to
r
estru
ctu
r
in
g
An
d
r
o
id
ap
p
s
an
d
th
o
s
e
wh
o
h
av
e
d
ev
elo
p
ed
en
er
g
y
p
r
o
f
iler
s
.
All
o
f
th
ese
p
ar
ties
will
ac
t
as
in
p
u
ts
to
g
en
er
ate
a
k
n
o
wled
g
e
-
b
as
ed
s
ch
em
a
th
at
will
h
elp
en
d
-
u
s
er
s
to
d
ec
id
e
wh
ich
ap
p
licatio
n
s
to
ch
o
o
s
e
an
d
in
s
tall.
An
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
th
at
p
r
ev
io
u
s
r
esear
ch
h
as
p
r
o
v
en
to
b
e
ef
f
icien
t
in
s
av
in
g
en
er
g
y
th
r
o
u
g
h
an
au
to
m
ated
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
is
co
d
e
r
ef
ac
to
r
in
g
[
2
1
]
.
T
h
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
r
esear
ch
f
o
llo
wed
ei
th
er
an
an
ti
-
p
atter
n
o
r
p
atter
n
-
b
ased
r
ef
ac
to
r
in
g
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
[
2
2
]
.
Sin
ce
we
n
ee
d
a
co
m
p
ar
ab
le
r
eliab
le
f
ac
to
r
an
d
f
o
r
th
e
m
o
d
el
to
b
e
in
ter
o
p
er
ab
le,
we
u
s
ed
o
n
e
to
o
l f
r
o
m
ea
ch
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
.
T
h
e
to
o
l,
ca
lled
en
er
g
y
-
awa
r
e
r
ef
ac
to
r
in
g
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
f
o
r
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
s
(
E
AR
M
O)
,
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
b
y
Mo
r
ales
et
a
l
.
[
2
3
]
,
f
o
llo
ws
a
n
o
v
el
an
ti
-
p
atter
n
co
r
r
ec
tio
n
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
th
at
ac
co
u
n
ts
f
o
r
en
er
g
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
wh
en
r
ef
ac
to
r
in
g
m
o
b
ile
an
ti
-
p
atter
n
s
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
g
en
er
ated
b
y
th
is
to
o
l
wer
e
u
s
ed
as a
p
r
im
ar
y
f
ac
to
r
f
o
r
o
u
r
s
tu
d
y
.
An
o
th
er
to
o
l
t
h
at
u
s
es
th
e
r
ef
ac
to
r
in
g
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
is
L
ea
f
ac
to
r
,
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
b
y
C
r
u
z
et
a
l
.
[
2
4
]
,
wh
ich
r
ef
ac
to
r
s
th
e
s
o
u
r
ce
co
d
e
to
f
o
llo
w
a
s
et
o
f
p
atter
n
s
k
n
o
wn
to
b
e
en
er
g
y
ef
f
icien
t.
Her
e
we
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
a
f
lex
ib
le
m
u
lticr
iter
ia
s
tar
-
r
atin
g
ev
alu
atio
n
m
o
d
el
(
SR
E
M)
to
g
en
er
ate
ten
tativ
e
en
er
g
y
r
atin
g
lab
els
f
o
r
Go
o
g
le
Play
s
to
r
e
ap
p
s
b
y
ad
d
in
g
th
e
r
ef
ac
to
r
in
g
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
as
th
e
f
ir
s
t
cr
iter
io
n
to
b
e
u
s
ed
f
o
r
th
e
r
atin
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
T
h
e
m
o
d
el,
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
6
,
s
h
o
ws wh
er
e
th
e
to
o
ls
ar
e
to
b
e
u
s
ed
in
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
At
th
e
f
ir
s
t
s
tag
e,
th
e
s
o
u
r
ce
co
d
e
o
f
an
An
d
r
o
id
ap
p
licatio
n
is
p
r
o
v
id
ed
.
T
h
e
s
o
u
r
ce
co
d
e
is
th
en
in
s
talled
o
n
an
An
d
r
o
id
p
latf
o
r
m
b
ef
o
r
e
m
ea
s
u
r
in
g
its
p
o
wer
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
.
T
h
e
en
er
g
y
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
ts
ar
e
g
en
er
ated
b
y
p
r
o
f
iler
s
,
wh
ich
is
th
e
p
r
ef
er
r
ed
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
in
ce
th
ey
allo
w
f
in
er
-
g
r
ain
ed
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
ts
an
d
also
b
ec
au
s
e
th
e
ex
p
er
im
en
ts
ca
n
b
e
r
ep
r
o
d
u
ce
d
,
wh
ich
is
n
o
t
alwa
y
s
p
o
s
s
ib
le
with
h
ar
d
war
e
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
;
Po
wer
T
u
to
r
was
ad
ap
ted
to
au
to
m
ate
th
e
p
r
o
f
ilin
g
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e.
T
h
e
am
o
u
n
t
o
f
p
o
wer
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
th
at
is
f
ir
s
t
r
ep
o
r
ted
b
y
Po
wer
T
u
t
o
r
is
r
ec
o
r
d
ed
as
E
1
m
W
/time
.
Af
ter
th
at,
th
e
ap
p
g
o
es
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
r
ef
ac
to
r
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
wh
ich
is
ex
p
ec
ted
to
r
ef
in
e
th
e
co
d
e
to
m
ak
e
it
m
o
r
e
en
er
g
y
-
ef
f
icien
t.
Nex
t,
th
e
ap
p
is
r
u
n
ag
ain
with
its
n
ew
r
ef
ac
to
r
ed
co
d
e
to
m
ea
s
u
r
e
its
n
ew
p
o
wer
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
,
E
2
m
W
/time
.
Fin
ally
,
a
s
im
p
le
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
ca
n
th
en
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8
7
0
8
S
ta
r
-
r
a
tin
g
ev
a
lu
a
tio
n
mo
d
el
fo
r
r
a
tin
g
th
e
en
erg
y
-
efficien
cy
l
ev
el
..
.
(
A
b
d
u
lla
h
Ma
h
mo
u
d
A
lma
s
r
i)
1607
s
h
o
w
th
e
d
if
f
er
en
ce
an
d
b
e
s
ca
led
to
an
eq
u
iv
alen
t 1
–
5
s
tar
s
.
C
o
m
p
ar
ed
to
E
1
,
as E
2
s
h
r
in
k
s
af
ter
r
ef
ac
to
r
in
g
,
f
ewe
r
s
tar
s
ar
e
g
iv
en
to
th
e
ap
p
.
W
h
en
ev
er
E
2
s
tay
s
th
e
s
am
e
o
r
ch
an
g
es
s
lig
h
tly
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
E
1
,
m
o
r
e
s
tar
s
ar
e
g
iv
en
to
th
e
ap
p
.
B
ased
o
n
th
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
r
esu
lts
,
we
ca
n
n
o
w
h
elp
en
d
-
u
s
er
s
to
h
av
e
an
in
itial in
d
icatio
n
o
f
th
e
en
er
g
y
-
ef
f
icien
cy
o
f
th
e
ap
p
th
ey
ar
e
ab
o
u
t
to
in
s
tall
an
d
u
s
e.
W
e
b
eliev
e
th
at
th
e
SR
E
M
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
will
en
h
an
ce
th
e
r
o
le
o
f
en
d
-
u
s
e
r
s
to
ac
t
n
o
t
o
n
ly
f
o
r
en
er
g
y
-
s
av
in
g
tech
n
iq
u
es
b
u
t
to
also
p
ar
ticip
ate
as
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
ak
er
s
b
y
ch
o
o
s
in
g
wh
at
ap
p
s
s
u
it th
em
in
ter
m
s
o
f
en
er
g
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
.
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
Star
-
r
ati
n
g
ev
al
u
atio
n
m
o
d
el
(
SR
E
M)
As
Fig
u
r
e
6
s
h
o
ws,
we
also
k
ep
t
th
e
m
o
d
el
o
p
en
an
d
f
lex
ib
le
f
o
r
an
y
ad
d
itio
n
al
to
o
ls
o
r
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
th
at
ca
n
im
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
p
o
wer
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
ts
o
r
th
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
u
s
ed
f
o
r
co
n
v
er
tin
g
th
e
s
o
u
r
ce
co
d
e
o
f
an
y
ap
p
to
b
e
en
er
g
y
-
ef
f
icien
t,
an
d
b
o
th
im
p
r
o
v
em
en
ts
will
in
cr
ea
s
e
th
e
r
eso
lu
tio
n
o
f
th
e
co
m
p
a
r
is
o
n
an
d
im
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
r
atin
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
Alth
o
u
g
h
th
er
e
is
a
lar
g
e
b
o
d
y
o
f
wo
r
k
o
n
th
e
en
er
g
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
o
f
An
d
r
o
id
ap
p
s
,
an
d
r
esear
ch
o
n
s
av
in
g
en
er
g
y
s
u
g
g
ests
esti
m
atin
g
th
e
en
er
g
y
u
s
ag
e
o
f
an
ap
p
,
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
o
u
r
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
,
m
o
s
t
o
f
th
ese
tech
n
iq
u
es
d
o
n
o
t
co
m
p
ar
e
ap
p
s
to
th
eir
lig
h
ter
v
er
s
io
n
in
ter
m
s
o
f
p
o
wer
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
.
Ou
r
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
lev
er
ag
es
th
e
r
atin
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
to
o
b
tain
th
e
en
er
g
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
o
f
An
d
r
o
id
ap
p
s
m
o
r
e
ef
f
icien
tly
.
9.
E
VA
L
UA
T
I
O
N
Sin
ce
th
e
SR
E
M
f
o
llo
ws a
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
-
b
ased
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
to
r
ate
ap
p
s
,
in
ad
d
itio
n
to
o
u
r
m
o
d
el
ten
d
in
g
to
co
m
b
in
e
an
d
lev
er
ag
e
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
p
r
ev
io
u
s
ly
ev
alu
ated
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es,
wh
at
co
m
es
n
e
x
t
is
to
ev
alu
ate
th
e
o
u
tco
m
es
o
f
th
e
wh
o
le
m
o
d
el
b
y
k
n
o
win
g
th
e
to
tal
am
o
u
n
t
o
f
en
er
g
y
s
av
ed
af
ter
im
p
le
m
en
tin
g
th
e
SR
E
M.
W
e
co
n
d
u
cted
an
in
itiato
r
y
e
v
alu
atio
n
o
f
th
e
SR
E
M
to
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ate
its
ab
ilit
y
to
r
a
n
k
ap
p
s
ac
c
o
r
d
in
g
to
d
if
f
er
en
ce
s
in
p
o
wer
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
ts
b
ef
o
r
e
a
n
d
af
ter
u
s
in
g
th
e
r
ec
o
n
s
tr
u
ctin
g
a
p
p
r
o
a
ch
es.
T
o
g
en
e
r
ate
g
r
o
u
n
d
-
tr
u
th
esti
m
ates,
we
p
i
ck
ed
7
o
p
en
-
s
o
u
r
ce
ap
p
s
to
ac
t
as
a
p
r
im
ar
y
ev
alu
atio
n
s
am
p
le.
Sin
ce
we
ar
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
in
g
in
ter
-
u
s
ag
e
o
f
cu
r
r
en
t
au
to
m
ate
d
e
n
er
g
y
-
awa
r
e
ap
p
r
estru
ct
u
r
in
g
an
d
m
ea
s
u
r
in
g
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es,
we
f
ir
s
t
n
ee
d
ed
to
r
e
-
em
p
h
asize
th
e
ef
f
icien
cy
o
f
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es.
W
e
u
s
ed
o
n
e
ap
p
r
o
a
ch
as
an
au
to
m
ated
en
er
g
y
-
awa
r
e
r
ef
ac
to
r
in
g
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
.
R
ef
ac
to
r
in
g
was
p
r
o
v
e
n
to
r
e
d
u
ce
th
e
am
o
u
n
t
o
f
en
er
g
y
c
o
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
ac
c
o
r
d
i
n
g
to
Mo
r
ales
et
a
l
.
[
2
3
]
,
wh
o
f
o
llo
we
d
a
n
o
v
el
an
ti
-
p
atter
n
c
o
r
r
ec
tio
n
ap
p
r
o
a
ch
th
at
ac
c
o
u
n
t
s
f
o
r
en
er
g
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
wh
en
r
ef
ac
to
r
in
g
m
o
b
ile
an
ti
-
p
atter
n
s
,
E
AR
MO
.
An
o
th
er
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
is
L
ea
f
ac
to
r
,
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
b
y
C
r
u
z
et
a
l
.
[
2
4
]
,
wh
ich
r
ef
ac
to
r
s
th
e
s
o
u
r
ce
c
o
d
e
to
f
o
llo
w
a
s
et
o
f
p
atter
n
s
k
n
o
wn
to
b
e
en
e
r
g
y
ef
f
icien
t.
T
a
b
le
2
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ates
th
e
r
esu
lts
o
f
u
s
in
g
E
AR
MO
an
d
L
ea
f
ac
to
r
with
th
e
s
et
o
f
ap
p
licatio
n
s
th
at
we
p
r
ep
a
r
ed
f
o
r
th
e
e
v
alu
atio
n
.
T
h
e
f
ir
s
t
co
lu
m
n
r
ef
er
s
to
th
e
ap
p
n
am
es
co
d
ed
b
y
ab
b
r
ev
iat
io
n
s
.
T
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
co
lu
m
n
r
ef
e
r
s
to
th
e
am
o
u
n
t
o
f
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
b
ef
o
r
e
th
e
r
ef
ac
t
o
r
in
g
p
e
r
3
0
m
in
u
tes
o
f
c
o
n
ti
n
u
o
u
s
ex
h
au
s
tiv
e
u
s
ag
e
(
a
b
b
r
ev
iated
b
y
E
C
B
R
)
.
T
h
e
th
ir
d
co
l
u
m
n
,
wh
ic
h
h
as
two
s
u
b
-
co
lu
m
n
s
,
r
e
f
er
s
to
th
e
am
o
u
n
t
o
f
p
o
wer
c
o
n
s
u
m
p
ti
o
n
o
f
th
e
a
p
p
af
ter
im
p
lem
en
tin
g
th
e
two
r
ef
ac
to
r
in
g
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
p
e
r
3
0
m
in
u
te
s
o
f
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
ex
h
au
s
tiv
e
u
s
ag
e
(
ab
b
r
ev
iated
b
y
E
C
AR
)
.
T
h
e
two
s
u
b
-
co
lu
m
n
s
s
h
o
w
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
E
AR
MO
an
d
L
ea
f
ac
to
r
.
T
h
e
f
o
u
r
th
co
l
u
m
n
s
h
o
ws
th
e
en
er
g
y
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
7
0
8
I
n
t J E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
11
,
No
.
2
,
Ap
r
il 2
0
2
1
:
1
5
9
9
-
1612
1608
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
o
f
th
e
ap
p
a
f
ter
av
er
ag
in
g
th
e
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
ts
tak
en
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
t
wo
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es.
T
h
en
we
s
h
o
w
th
e
am
o
u
n
t
o
f
c
h
a
n
g
e
an
d
th
e
c
h
an
g
e
r
ate.
T
h
e
r
ate
is
ca
lcu
lated
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
eq
u
atio
n
r
ep
r
esen
ted
in
th
e
SR
E
M
.
So
wh
en
ev
er
th
e
r
ate
in
cr
ea
s
e
is
lar
g
e,
it
in
d
icate
s
th
at
th
e
r
ef
ac
to
r
in
g
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
h
ad
to
wip
e
a
g
o
o
d
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
p
atter
n
s
r
elate
d
to
en
e
r
g
y
-
g
r
e
ed
y
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
.
On
th
e
o
t
h
er
h
an
d
,
wh
e
n
e
v
er
t
h
e
p
er
ce
n
tag
e
in
d
icate
s
a
s
m
all
ch
an
g
e,
it
s
h
o
ws
th
at
th
e
r
e
f
a
cto
r
in
g
to
o
ls
d
id
n
o
t
h
av
e
to
g
o
th
r
o
u
g
h
a
lo
t
o
f
ef
f
o
r
t to
r
em
o
v
e
u
n
wa
n
ted
p
at
ter
n
s
.
T
ab
le
2
.
R
esu
lts
o
f
u
s
in
g
e
n
er
g
y
-
awa
r
e
r
e
f
ac
to
r
in
g
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
f
o
r
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
s
(
E
AR
MO
)
an
d
leaf
ac
to
r
as
i
n
p
u
ts
to
SR
E
M
with
7
a
p
p
s
t
o
g
en
er
ate
s
tar
r
atin
g
s
A
p
p
EC
B
R
EC
A
R
A
v
e
r
a
g
e
EC
A
F
C
h
a
n
g
e
R
a
t
e
S
t
a
r
R
a
t
i
n
g
Le
a
f
a
c
t
o
r
EA
R
M
O
A
p
p
1
8
9
5
m
W
7
8
7
m
W
7
9
5
m
W
7
9
5
m
W
1
3
%
*
*
*
*
*
A
p
p
2
4
5
0
m
W
1
5
0
m
W
1
9
8
m
W
1
9
8
m
W
1
0
1
%
*
A
p
p
3
3
2
1
m
W
1
5
0
m
W
1
2
0
m
W
1
2
0
m
W
1
3
8
%
*
A
p
p
4
9
7
7
m
W
8
5
0
m
W
7
5
0
m
W
7
5
0
m
W
2
2
%
****
A
p
p
5
8
2
0
m
W
5
5
0
m
W
4
9
8
m
W
4
9
8
m
W
5
6
%
***
A
p
p
6
6
0
4
m
W
5
4
0
m
W
4
9
8
m
W
4
9
8
m
W
1
6
%
*
*
*
*
*
A
p
p
7
6
5
0
m
W
6
0
0
m
W
6
2
0
m
W
6
2
0
m
W
7%
*
*
*
*
*
T
o
ev
alu
ate
th
e
ef
f
icien
cy
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
o
d
el,
an
alter
n
ativ
e
is
to
b
e
ch
o
s
en
f
o
r
ea
ch
n
o
ne
-
en
er
g
y
-
ef
f
icien
t
ap
p
licatio
n
.
T
ab
le
3
s
h
o
ws
an
ex
am
p
le
o
f
an
An
d
r
io
d
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
e
with
1
0
ap
p
licatio
n
s
in
s
talled
.
T
h
e
s
am
e
tab
le
p
r
o
p
o
s
es
en
er
g
y
-
ef
f
icien
t
alter
n
at
iv
es
f
o
r
ea
ch
in
s
talled
ap
p
.
T
h
ese
en
er
g
y
-
ef
f
icien
t
alter
n
ativ
e
ap
p
s
wer
e
ch
o
s
en
b
ased
o
n
av
er
ag
e
s
im
ilar
f
ea
tu
r
es
o
r
task
s
an
d
lis
ted
u
n
d
er
th
e
s
am
e
ap
p
ca
teg
o
r
y
o
n
Go
o
g
le
Play
Sto
r
e.
E
n
er
g
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
ts
wer
e
g
en
er
ated
u
s
in
g
Po
wer
T
u
to
r
.
Fin
all
y
,
th
e
p
er
ce
n
tag
e
o
f
s
av
ed
en
er
g
y
is
also
p
r
esen
ted
wh
ich
clea
r
ly
s
h
o
ws
a
to
tal
o
f
3
5
%
s
av
in
g
if
th
e
u
s
er
o
f
th
is
s
p
ec
if
ic
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
e
d
ec
id
es
to
g
o
f
o
r
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
en
er
g
y
-
ef
f
icien
t
ap
p
s
.
Sin
ce
u
s
er
s
ar
e
cu
r
r
en
tly
k
ep
t
with
o
u
t
g
u
id
an
ce
in
th
is
asp
ec
t,
g
u
id
in
g
u
s
er
s
to
war
d
s
en
er
g
y
-
ef
f
icien
t
ap
p
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
en
er
g
y
r
atin
g
is
th
e
m
ain
co
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
o
u
r
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
o
d
el.
T
ab
le
3
.
R
esu
lts
o
f
u
s
in
g
e
n
er
g
y
-
a
war
e
r
e
f
ac
to
r
in
g
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
f
o
r
m
o
b
ile
a
p
p
s
(
E
AR
MO
)
an
d
leaf
ac
to
r
as
in
p
u
ts
to
SR
E
M
with
2
0
a
p
p
s
to
g
en
er
ate
s
tar
r
atin
g
s
I
n
st
a
l
l
e
d
A
p
p
A
p
p
A
v
e
r
a
g
e
En
e
r
g
y
C
o
n
s
u
mp
t
i
o
n
/
m
i
n
A
l
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
v
e
En
e
r
g
y
-
Ef
f
i
c
i
e
n
t
A
p
p
A
l
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
v
e
A
p
p
A
v
e
r
a
g
e
En
e
r
g
y
C
o
n
s
u
mp
t
i
o
n
/
m
i
n
En
e
r
g
y
S
a
v
e
d
%
R
a
i
n
V
i
e
w
e
r
∼
2
0
mW
R
a
i
n
A
l
a
r
m
∼
8
mA
h
6
0
%
W
e
a
t
h
e
r
Li
v
e
∼
2
0
mW
W
o
r
l
d
W
e
a
t
h
e
r
∼
1
5
mW
2
5
%
F
r
e
e
V
P
N
& S
e
c
u
r
i
t
y
∼
1
8
mW
V
P
N
F
r
e
e
-
B
e
t
t
e
r
n
e
t
∼
1
4
mW
2
2
%
P
i
c
A
r
t
P
h
o
t
o
Ed
i
t
o
r
∼
1
8
mW
S
n
a
p
se
e
d
∼
1
5
mW
1
7
%
S
k
y
S
c
a
n
n
e
r
∼
1
8
mW
Tr
i
p
a
d
v
i
s
o
r
H
o
t
e
l
,
F
l
i
g
h
t
∼
1
4
mW
2
2
%
O
t
t
e
r
∼
1
8
mW
Tr
a
n
s
c
r
i
p
t
e
r
∼
1
5
mW
1
7
%
H
o
t
s
p
o
t
S
h
i
e
l
d
∼
1
7
mW
V
P
N
F
r
e
e
-
B
e
t
t
e
r
n
e
t
∼
9
mW
4
7
%
U
d
e
m
y
∼
1
7
mW
e
d
X
:
O
n
l
i
n
e
C
o
u
r
s
e
s
∼
9
mW
4
7
%
B
e
C
l
o
ser
∼
1
7
mW
G
e
o
Z
i
l
l
a
∼
1
0
mW
4
1
%
Jo
l
l
y
c
h
i
c
∼
1
7
mW
R
a
i
n
A
l
a
r
m
∼
8
mA
h
5
3
%
To
t
a
l
C
o
n
su
m
p
t
i
o
n
o
f
I
n
st
a
l
l
e
d
A
p
p
s
∼
18
0
mW
To
t
a
l
C
o
n
su
m
p
t
i
o
n
o
f
A
l
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
v
e
A
p
p
s
∼
11
7
mW
3
5
%
10.
DIS
CU
SS
I
O
N
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
m
ad
e
s
o
m
e
k
ey
ass
u
m
p
tio
n
s
ab
o
u
t
u
s
er
b
eh
av
io
r
.
Fo
r
ex
am
p
le,
it
was
g
en
er
ally
ass
u
m
ed
th
at
u
s
er
s
wil
l u
s
e
th
e
m
o
s
t
p
o
wer
-
ef
f
icien
t o
p
tio
n
,
wh
ich
is
th
e
f
u
n
d
am
e
n
tal
asp
ec
t o
f
an
y
f
u
tu
r
e
ca
lcu
latio
n
s
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
f
o
r
m
ea
s
u
r
in
g
th
e
en
er
g
y
r
e
d
u
ctio
n
.
Ho
we
v
er
,
t
h
e
s
tu
d
y
d
o
es
n
o
t
co
n
s
id
er
th
e
im
p
ac
t
o
f
b
r
an
d
lo
y
alty
o
n
ap
p
ch
o
ice
an
d
ap
p
u
s
ag
e.
Sev
e
r
al
s
tu
d
ies
ex
a
m
in
e
th
e
d
ete
r
m
in
an
ts
o
f
b
r
a
n
d
lo
y
alty
in
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
Fo
r
ex
am
p
le,
Ku
m
ar
et
a
l
.
[
2
5
]
h
ig
h
lig
h
t
th
at
h
o
lis
tic
v
is
u
al
ae
s
th
etic
d
im
en
s
io
n
s
ca
n
in
f
lu
en
ce
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
l
o
y
alty
,
d
em
o
n
s
tr
atin
g
th
ese
f
in
d
in
g
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
ap
p
ly
in
g
Ka
p
lan
'
s
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
m
o
d
el
f
r
o
m
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
p
s
y
ch
o
lo
g
y
an
d
in
teg
r
atin
g
it
i
n
to
th
e
t
ec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
ac
ce
p
tan
ce
m
o
d
el
.
C
o
n
s
id
er
in
g
Ku
m
a
r
et
a
l
.
’
s
f
in
d
in
g
s
,
it
ca
n
b
e
p
r
esu
m
ed
th
at
s
witch
in
g
ap
p
li
ca
tio
n
s
m
ig
h
t
n
o
t
b
e
a
c
h
o
s
en
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
if
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
n
ew
ap
p
s
d
if
f
er
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
in
ter
m
s
o
f
v
is
u
al
ae
s
th
etics d
im
en
s
io
n
s
.
B
esid
es,
ap
p
s
atis
f
ac
tio
n
,
th
e
u
s
er
’
s
in
ten
tio
n
to
c
o
n
tin
u
e
u
s
in
g
th
e
a
p
p
,
a
n
d
t
h
e
h
e
d
o
n
ic
b
en
ef
its
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
u
s
in
g
a
p
p
s
(
s
u
ch
as
co
n
s
is
tin
g
o
f
ap
p
ae
s
th
e
tics
an
d
en
jo
y
m
en
t)
a
r
e
th
e
d
i
r
ec
t
an
tece
d
en
ts
o
f
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