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l
o
f
r
ad
ic
aliza
tio
n
o
f
s
o
ciet
y
u
s
i
n
g
ex
i
s
ti
n
g
le
g
al
m
ec
h
an
i
s
m
s
i
s
a
v
er
y
c
h
alle
n
g
i
n
g
ta
s
k
[
1
4
-
1
6
]
.
I
n
m
o
s
t
ca
s
es,
s
u
ch
e
v
en
ts
led
n
o
t
o
n
l
y
to
civ
il
p
r
o
test
s
b
u
t
al
s
o
to
t
h
e
o
v
er
th
r
o
w
o
f
g
o
v
er
n
m
e
n
ts
,
th
eir
ch
a
n
g
e,
civ
il
w
ar
s
a
n
d
ar
m
ed
co
n
f
lict
s
.
T
h
e
m
o
s
t
e
f
f
ec
tiv
e
w
a
y
to
co
u
n
te
r
ac
t
th
e
ch
ao
s
o
f
s
o
ciet
y
i
s
t
h
e
ti
m
el
y
d
etec
tio
n
o
f
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
p
er
atio
n
s
in
SNSs
,
w
h
ich
ar
e
co
n
d
u
cted
b
y
th
e
o
p
p
o
s
in
g
p
ar
t
y
.
Me
th
o
d
s
o
f
id
en
ti
f
y
in
g
an
d
a
s
s
es
s
i
n
g
t
h
r
ea
ts
to
in
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
s
ec
u
r
it
y
o
f
t
h
e
s
ta
te
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
ap
p
lied
in
s
u
ch
ca
s
es
[
1
4
]
.
A
cr
itical
a
n
al
y
s
i
s
o
f
t
h
e
e
x
is
ti
n
g
r
esear
ch
w
o
r
k
s
[
1
4
,
1
7
,
1
8
]
s
h
o
w
ed
t
h
at
o
n
e
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
m
i
s
in
g
ar
e
a
s
o
f
s
u
p
p
r
ess
io
n
o
f
t
h
e
c
h
ao
ti
c
d
y
n
a
m
ics
i
n
t
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
o
f
ac
to
r
s
`
i
n
ter
ac
tio
n
in
SN
Ss
is
t
h
e
u
s
a
g
e
o
f
s
y
n
er
g
etic
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
en
t.
At
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
t
i
m
e,
a
s
a
r
es
u
lt
o
f
th
e
co
n
tr
o
lled
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
a
l
i
n
f
lu
e
n
ce
,
t
h
e
s
el
f
-
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
o
f
ac
t
o
r
s
in
SNSs
ar
e
lau
n
c
h
ed
in
th
e
f
o
r
m
o
f
a
ch
an
g
e
i
n
th
e
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
o
f
v
ir
t
u
al
co
m
m
u
n
itie
s
an
d
th
e
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
o
f
n
e
w
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
s
b
et
w
ee
n
ac
to
r
s
.
I
n
co
n
s
eq
u
en
ce
,
ac
to
r
s
b
eg
in
to
u
s
e
th
e
co
n
ten
t
w
i
th
a
ce
r
tai
n
n
ar
r
ati
v
e
an
d
r
ef
o
cu
s
t
h
eir
atte
n
tio
n
o
n
it.
P
u
b
licatio
n
s
[
1
7
,
1
8
]
co
n
tain
s
y
n
t
h
esized
m
o
d
els
o
f
s
y
n
er
g
etic
m
an
a
g
e
m
en
t
o
f
ac
to
r
i
n
te
r
ac
tio
n
i
n
SNSs
,
a
n
d
p
u
b
lic
atio
n
[
1
4
]
d
ev
elo
p
s
a
m
o
d
el
o
f
d
ec
is
io
n
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
s
y
s
te
m
f
o
r
id
en
ti
f
i
ca
tio
n
o
f
s
ig
n
s
o
f
n
atio
n
al
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
s
ec
u
r
it
y
(
NI
Sec)
th
r
ea
ts
in
SN
Ss
a
n
d
ass
es
s
m
e
n
t
o
f
t
h
eir
le
v
el.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
m
en
tio
n
e
d
w
o
r
k
s
d
o
n
o
t
co
n
tain
p
r
ac
tical
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
atio
n
s
f
o
r
ch
o
o
s
in
g
a
s
p
ec
if
ic
s
y
s
te
m
o
f
n
o
n
li
n
ea
r
d
if
f
er
e
n
tial
eq
u
atio
n
s
a
n
d
th
e
m
o
d
el
o
f
s
y
n
er
g
etic
m
an
a
g
e
m
e
n
t;
th
er
e
f
o
r
e,
th
e
d
ec
is
io
n
is
en
tr
u
s
ted
to
ex
p
er
ts
w
h
o
w
o
r
k
w
it
h
t
h
e
d
ec
is
io
n
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
s
y
s
t
e
m
.
I
n
v
o
lv
i
n
g
ex
p
er
ts
in
t
h
e
w
o
r
k
o
f
t
h
e
d
ec
is
io
n
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
s
y
s
te
m
at
t
h
e
s
tag
e
o
f
co
u
n
ter
i
n
g
t
h
r
ea
ts
i
n
ter
m
s
o
f
ch
o
o
s
in
g
a
m
o
d
el
o
f
s
y
n
er
g
etic
m
an
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
h
as
s
ev
er
al
d
is
ad
v
an
ta
g
es
.
Fo
r
in
s
ta
n
ce
:
i
n
cr
e
asi
n
g
t
h
e
lev
e
l
o
f
s
u
b
j
ec
tiv
it
y
,
th
e
i
n
er
tia
o
f
th
e
d
ec
i
s
io
n
-
m
ak
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
h
ig
h
le
v
el
o
f
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
ts
f
o
r
e
x
p
er
t
k
n
o
w
l
ed
g
e
.
R
ed
u
c
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
n
e
g
ati
v
e
i
m
p
ac
t
o
f
s
u
c
h
f
ac
to
r
s
i
s
a
ch
iev
ed
th
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
u
s
a
g
e
o
f
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
a
k
i
n
g
m
et
h
o
d
s
w
it
h
o
u
t e
x
p
er
ts
b
ei
n
g
i
n
v
o
lv
ed
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
b
lem
o
f
ch
o
o
s
i
n
g
a
m
o
d
el
o
f
s
y
n
er
g
etic
m
an
a
g
e
m
en
t
is
to
d
eter
m
i
n
e
t
h
e
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
o
f
a
co
m
p
le
x
d
y
n
a
m
ic
s
o
cial
s
y
s
t
e
m
,
w
h
ic
h
m
u
s
t
b
e
m
an
a
g
ed
to
ac
h
ie
v
e
t
h
i
s
g
o
al.
A
cc
o
r
d
in
g
to
t
h
e
r
es
u
lt
s
o
f
p
r
ev
io
u
s
r
e
s
ea
r
ch
,
i
t
i
s
ad
v
i
s
a
b
le
to
in
f
l
u
e
n
ce
t
h
e
d
e
m
an
d
o
f
ac
to
r
s
f
o
r
co
n
te
n
t
o
n
ce
r
tai
n
to
p
ics.
C
h
an
g
i
n
g
th
e
lev
el
o
f
d
e
m
a
n
d
f
o
r
co
n
ten
t
is
ac
h
ie
v
ed
b
y
e
n
co
u
r
ag
in
g
th
e
in
ter
est
o
f
ac
to
r
s
,
b
y
v
ar
y
in
g
t
h
e
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
o
f
r
eg
u
lar
izat
io
n
o
f
s
u
p
p
l
y
a
n
d
d
e
m
an
d
,
as
w
ell
as
ar
ti
f
ic
ial
in
f
lu
e
n
ce
o
n
t
h
e
s
p
ee
d
o
f
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
t
h
i
s
co
n
ten
t
o
r
co
n
te
n
t
s
i
m
i
lar
in
ess
en
ce
a
n
d
co
n
te
n
t.
A
s
a
r
esu
lt
o
f
t
h
e
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
s
u
c
h
s
y
n
er
g
et
ic
m
an
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
in
t
h
e
SIS,
t
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
o
f
s
el
f
-
o
r
g
a
n
izatio
n
o
f
ac
to
r
s
in
to
v
ir
t
u
al
co
m
m
u
n
ities
ar
e
lau
n
ch
ed
.
Su
c
h
ass
o
ciatio
n
s
o
f
ac
to
r
s
in
d
ep
en
d
en
tl
y
r
eg
u
late
th
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
co
n
te
n
t
as
a
r
es
u
lt
o
f
s
o
cial
co
n
tr
o
l
o
n
th
e
b
asis
o
f
s
o
cial
n
o
r
m
s
an
d
s
an
ctio
n
s
.
A
s
a
r
esu
lt,
th
e
m
a
n
ag
ed
co
m
m
u
n
i
t
y
is
ca
p
ab
le
o
f
s
elf
-
d
ev
e
lo
p
m
en
t
th
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
v
o
l
u
n
tar
y
p
u
b
lic
atio
n
o
f
co
n
te
n
t
o
n
a
g
i
v
en
t
o
p
ic,
th
e
in
v
o
l
v
e
m
en
t
o
f
n
e
w
p
ar
ticip
an
ts
an
d
a
cr
itical
p
er
ce
p
tio
n
o
f
d
estru
cti
v
e
co
n
te
n
t.
T
h
e
d
ev
elo
p
ed
m
at
h
e
m
atica
l
m
o
d
el
s
o
f
s
y
n
er
g
etic
co
n
tr
o
l
a
r
e
p
r
esen
ted
in
p
u
b
lica
tio
n
s
[
1
4
,
17,
1
8
]
.
A
co
m
p
ar
ati
v
e
an
al
y
s
is
o
f
s
u
c
h
m
o
d
els
s
h
o
w
ed
th
at
t
h
e
y
d
i
f
f
er
in
t
h
e
m
ec
h
an
is
m
s
o
f
s
y
n
t
h
esi
s
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
(
p
u
b
licatio
n
o
f
r
ef
u
tatio
n
s
o
f
m
is
in
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
,
d
is
s
e
m
i
n
atio
n
o
f
o
th
er
p
o
p
u
lar
co
n
ten
t
to
r
ef
o
cu
s
th
e
atte
n
tio
n
o
f
ac
to
r
s
,
r
e
-
p
u
b
licatio
n
o
f
g
i
v
en
to
p
ics
to
ac
ce
ler
ate
t
h
e
r
ed
u
ctio
n
o
f
i
n
ter
est
i
n
it
).
A
l
s
o
,
th
e
s
y
n
t
h
e
s
ized
m
o
d
el
s
d
i
f
f
er
i
n
t
h
eir
i
m
p
ac
t
o
n
ac
to
r
s
i
n
ter
m
s
o
f
t
h
e
d
y
n
a
m
ics
o
f
ch
a
n
g
es
in
d
e
m
a
n
d
f
o
r
co
n
ten
t
-
a
s
ce
n
d
i
n
g
o
r
d
escen
d
in
g
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
t
h
e
p
r
o
b
lem
o
f
c
h
o
o
s
i
n
g
a
n
e
f
f
ec
tiv
e
m
o
d
el
o
f
s
y
n
er
g
etic
m
a
n
ag
e
m
e
n
t
f
o
r
a
s
p
e
c
i
f
i
c
i
n
f
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n
o
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
c
a
r
r
i
e
d
o
u
t
b
y
a
t
t
a
c
k
e
r
s
,
t
a
k
i
n
g
i
n
t
o
a
c
c
o
u
n
t
i
t
s
c
h
a
r
a
c
t
e
r
i
s
t
i
c
s
,
r
e
m
a
i
n
s
r
e
l
e
v
a
n
t
.
T
ak
in
g
i
n
to
co
n
s
id
er
atio
n
t
h
e
co
n
tr
ad
icto
r
y
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
ts
w
h
ile
c
h
o
o
s
in
g
a
m
o
d
el
o
f
s
y
n
er
g
eti
c
m
an
a
g
e
m
e
n
t,
a
m
b
i
g
u
i
t
y
i
n
ass
es
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
lev
el
o
f
NI
Sec
th
r
ea
ts
i
n
SNS
s
,
t
h
e
d
if
f
ic
u
l
t
y
o
f
d
eter
m
i
n
i
n
g
p
r
io
r
ities
,
lack
o
f
g
en
er
all
y
ac
ce
p
ted
r
u
les
f
o
r
f
o
r
m
aliz
in
g
th
e
in
ter
ac
tio
n
o
f
ac
to
r
s
in
v
ir
t
u
al
co
m
m
u
n
i
ties
an
d
s
y
n
er
g
etic
m
an
a
g
e
m
en
t,
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
a
k
i
n
g
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
es
ar
e
b
ec
o
m
in
g
m
o
r
e
co
m
p
le
x
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
an
e
f
f
ec
ti
v
e
w
a
y
to
eli
m
i
n
ate
th
e
d
if
f
ic
u
lti
es
is
to
u
s
e
t
h
e
m
at
h
e
m
a
tical
a
p
p
ar
atu
s
o
f
f
u
zz
y
s
et
s
[
1
9
-
2
2
]
.
Dev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
a
m
o
d
el
o
f
a
d
ec
i
s
io
n
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
s
y
s
te
m
b
ased
o
n
a
f
u
zz
y
in
f
er
e
n
ce
is
p
r
o
m
is
i
n
g
.
S
u
ch
s
y
s
te
m
s
co
m
b
i
n
e
t
h
e
b
asic
s
tate
m
en
t
s
o
f
th
e
t
h
eo
r
y
o
f
f
u
zz
y
s
et
s
an
d
allo
w
s
o
lv
i
n
g
is
s
u
es
r
elate
d
to
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
ak
in
g
o
n
w
ea
k
l
y
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
ed
an
d
co
m
p
lex
l
y
f
o
r
m
alize
d
s
tu
d
y
o
b
j
ec
ts
.
T
h
u
s
,
th
e
d
e
v
elo
p
m
en
t
o
f
t
h
e
d
ec
is
i
o
n
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
s
y
s
te
m
m
o
d
el
f
o
r
m
a
n
ag
in
g
th
e
ac
t
o
r
s
`
i
n
ter
ac
tio
n
i
n
S
NS
w
ill
en
s
u
r
e
t
h
e
ef
f
ec
ti
v
e
tr
an
s
it
io
n
o
f
t
h
e
v
ir
tu
a
l
co
m
m
u
n
it
y
to
a
g
i
v
e
n
s
tate
o
f
NI
Sec.
I
t
w
ill
ad
d
itio
n
all
y
u
p
d
ate
th
e
ch
o
s
e
n
d
ir
ec
tio
n
o
f
c
u
r
r
en
t
r
esear
c
h
.
O
u
r
w
o
r
k
a
i
m
s
to
i
n
cr
ea
s
e
t
h
e
e
f
f
ec
tiv
e
n
e
s
s
o
f
co
u
n
ter
m
ea
s
u
r
es
to
th
e
NI
Sec
t
h
r
ea
ts
i
n
SNS
y
m
ea
n
s
o
f
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
o
f
ti
m
el
y
an
d
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
a
tio
n
s
f
o
r
m
a
n
a
g
in
g
t
h
e
ac
to
r
s
’
in
t
er
ac
tio
n
in
v
ir
t
u
al
co
m
m
u
n
itie
s
b
y
th
e
d
ec
is
io
n
s
u
p
p
o
r
t s
y
s
te
m
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
11
,
No
.
3
,
J
u
n
e
2
0
2
1
:
2
4
9
0
-
2499
2492
2.
RE
S
E
ARCH
M
E
T
H
O
D
2
.
1
.
T
he
s
t
ruct
ure
o
f
t
he
dec
is
io
n su
pp
o
rt
s
y
s
t
e
m
Fu
zz
y
i
n
f
er
en
ce
s
y
s
te
m
s
ar
e
a
p
ar
tial
ca
s
e
o
f
f
u
zz
y
s
y
s
te
m
s
,
th
e
o
p
er
atio
n
o
f
w
h
ic
h
is
b
as
ed
o
n
th
e
co
n
d
itio
n
s
a
n
d
co
n
clu
s
io
n
o
n
th
eir
b
asis
.
A
t
th
e
s
a
m
e
ti
m
e,
th
e
r
u
les
ar
e
f
o
r
m
alize
d
in
th
e
f
o
r
m
o
f
s
tate
m
e
n
ts
(
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
s
)
r
eg
ar
d
in
g
a
s
et
o
f
in
p
u
t a
n
d
o
u
tp
u
t
f
u
zz
y
lin
g
u
is
t
ic
v
ar
iab
les.
T
h
e
g
en
er
aliz
ed
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
al
s
c
h
e
m
e
o
f
th
e
d
ec
is
io
n
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
s
y
s
te
m
f
o
r
m
a
n
ag
in
g
th
e
i
n
ter
ac
tio
n
o
f
ac
to
r
s
in
SNS
s
is
p
r
esen
t
ed
in
F
ig
u
r
e
1.
T
h
e
d
ec
is
io
n
s
u
p
p
o
r
t s
y
s
te
m
f
o
r
m
an
ag
i
n
g
th
e
a
cto
r
s
’
i
n
ter
ac
tio
n
in
SNS
s
[
2
3
]
in
clu
d
es t
h
e
m
o
d
u
les:
A
f
u
zz
i
f
icatio
n
m
o
d
u
le
f
o
r
f
u
zz
y
in
cl
u
s
io
n
w
i
th
i
n
t
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
t
h
e
d
escr
ip
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
o
f
SNSs
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
s
p
ac
e
w
it
h
t
h
e
u
s
ag
e
o
f
th
e
m
at
h
e
m
a
tical
ap
p
ar
atu
s
o
f
f
u
zz
y
s
ets
A
d
atab
ase
co
n
tai
n
in
g
th
e
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
n
th
e
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
en
t
o
f
th
e
p
ar
am
e
ter
s
o
f
ac
to
r
s
’
in
ter
ac
tio
n
i
n
v
ir
tu
a
l
co
m
m
u
n
itie
s
,
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
ex
p
er
ts
i
n
t
h
e
f
o
r
m
o
f
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
r
u
les
A
b
ase
o
f
s
y
n
er
g
et
ic
m
a
n
ag
e
m
en
t
m
o
d
els,
w
h
ic
h
i
n
cl
u
d
es
f
o
r
m
alize
d
p
r
o
ce
s
s
e
s
o
f
ac
to
r
s
`
in
ter
ac
tio
n
i
n
th
e
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
s
p
ac
e
an
d
c
o
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
s
y
n
t
h
esized
m
o
d
els
o
f
s
y
n
er
g
etic
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
en
t,
w
h
ic
h
w
i
l
l
en
s
u
r
e
th
e
tr
a
n
s
itio
n
o
f
t
h
e
v
ir
tu
al
co
m
m
u
n
it
y
to
a
g
iv
e
n
s
tat
e
o
f
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
s
ec
u
r
i
t
y
A
s
o
l
v
er
m
o
d
u
le
f
o
r
co
n
v
er
ti
n
g
in
p
u
t
f
u
zz
y
v
ar
iab
les
to
o
u
tp
u
t
w
it
h
th
e
h
elp
o
f
a
d
atab
ase
an
d
th
e
b
ase
o
f
s
y
n
er
g
etic
m
a
n
ag
e
m
e
n
t
m
o
d
el
s
o
f
th
e
ac
t
o
r
s
’
i
n
ter
ac
tio
n
A
d
ef
u
zz
i
f
icatio
n
m
o
d
u
le
th
at
p
r
o
v
id
es
an
in
v
er
s
e
tr
an
s
itio
n
f
r
o
m
f
u
zz
y
s
et
s
to
n
o
r
m
al
v
al
u
es
f
o
r
d
ec
is
io
n
m
ak
in
g
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
B
lo
ck
d
iag
r
a
m
o
f
t
h
e
d
ec
is
io
n
s
u
p
p
o
r
t s
y
s
te
m
b
as
ed
o
n
f
u
zz
y
in
f
er
e
n
ce
2
.
2
.
Q
ua
lita
t
iv
e
ind
ica
t
o
rs t
o
cha
ra
ct
er
ize
t
he
inte
ra
c
t
io
n o
f
a
ct
o
rs in SNSs
T
o
c
o
u
n
ter
NI
Sec
th
r
ea
t
s
i
n
S
NSs
e
f
f
ec
ti
v
el
y
,
th
e
p
r
i
m
ar
y
a
i
m
i
s
to
d
e
f
in
e
a
m
ath
e
m
at
ical
m
o
d
el
f
o
r
f
o
r
m
alizi
n
g
th
e
i
n
ter
ac
tio
n
o
f
ac
to
r
s
,
an
d
th
en
w
e
ca
n
d
ir
ec
tl
y
ch
o
o
s
e
a
m
o
d
el
o
f
s
y
n
er
g
etic
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
en
t,
w
h
ic
h
w
i
ll
e
n
ab
le
an
ar
ti
f
ici
all
y
co
n
tr
o
lled
tr
an
s
itio
n
to
a
g
i
v
en
s
ta
te
o
f
in
ter
ac
tio
n
p
ar
am
eter
s
i
n
t
h
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
s
p
ac
e
o
f
s
er
v
ice
s
.
T
h
e
ch
o
ice
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
m
a
d
e
in
ac
co
r
d
an
ce
w
it
h
th
e
c
h
ar
ac
ter
is
tic
s
o
f
th
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
s
p
ac
e
o
f
SN
Ss
,
w
h
ic
h
d
es
cr
ib
e
th
e
p
ec
u
liar
it
ies
o
f
th
e
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
th
r
ea
ts
r
elate
d
to
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
s
ec
u
r
it
y
o
f
t
h
e
s
ta
te.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e
o
f
s
elec
ti
n
g
m
o
d
els
o
f
s
y
n
er
g
et
ic
m
a
n
ag
e
m
e
n
t
b
y
ex
p
er
ts
is
d
escr
ib
ed
b
y
t
h
e
d
ec
is
io
n
m
ak
in
g
tr
ee
,
w
h
ic
h
is
p
r
esen
ted
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
2
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
T
r
ee
o
f
d
ec
is
io
n
s
o
n
th
e
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
en
t o
f
th
e
i
n
ter
ac
tio
n
o
f
ac
to
r
s
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
C
o
u
n
tera
ctio
n
to
in
fo
r
ma
tio
n
in
flu
en
ce
in
s
o
cia
l n
etw
o
r
kin
g
s
ervice
s
b
y
mea
n
s
o
f
...
(
K
a
ter
yn
a
Mo
lo
d
etska
)
2493
T
h
e
in
d
icato
r
s
th
at
d
eter
m
in
e
th
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
to
th
e
f
o
r
m
aliza
t
io
n
o
f
t
h
e
ac
to
r
s
`
i
n
ter
ac
tio
n
i
n
th
e
f
o
r
m
o
f
a
s
y
s
te
m
o
f
n
o
n
li
n
ea
r
d
if
f
er
en
tial e
q
u
at
io
n
s
a
n
d
d
ir
ec
tl
y
s
y
n
er
g
etic
m
an
a
g
e
m
en
t
m
o
d
els
ar
e:
1
x
–
T
h
e
lev
el
o
f
co
n
f
r
o
n
tatio
n
o
f
ac
to
r
s
in
v
ir
tu
a
l c
o
m
m
u
n
it
ies
2
x
–
T
h
e
in
v
o
l
v
e
m
en
t o
f
ex
ter
n
a
l in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
f
o
r
th
e
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tat
io
n
o
f
t
h
r
ea
ts
i
n
SNSs
3
x
–
T
h
e
lev
el
o
f
in
f
lu
e
n
ce
o
f
t
h
e
n
ar
r
ativ
e
s
p
r
ea
d
b
y
t
h
e
m
ale
f
ac
to
r
s
o
n
th
e
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
f
p
u
b
lic
o
p
in
io
n
o
n
ce
r
tain
is
s
u
e
s
a
m
o
n
g
ac
to
r
s
1
y
–
R
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
ed
m
o
d
el
o
f
ac
t
o
r
s
’
in
ter
ac
tio
n
in
SNS
s
2
y
–
T
h
e
lev
el
o
f
ac
to
r
s
’
d
e
m
a
n
d
f
o
r
d
estru
ctiv
e
co
n
ten
t
3
y
–
T
h
e
s
u
p
p
l
y
le
v
el
o
f
d
estr
u
ct
iv
e
co
n
te
n
t i
n
th
e
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
s
p
ac
e
o
f
s
er
v
ice
s
4
y
–
T
h
e
d
u
r
atio
n
o
f
th
e
i
n
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
ca
m
p
ai
g
n
i
n
t
h
e
in
f
o
r
m
a
ti
o
n
s
p
ac
e
o
f
th
e
s
er
v
ices
5
y
–
T
h
e
in
ten
s
it
y
o
f
c
h
an
g
es i
n
th
e
o
p
er
atio
n
al
s
it
u
atio
n
i
n
t
h
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
s
p
ac
e
o
f
SNS
s
.
T
h
e
in
itial
v
ar
iab
le
o
f
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
i
s
D
–
th
e
d
ec
i
s
io
n
o
n
t
h
e
c
h
o
ice
o
f
t
h
e
s
y
n
er
g
etic
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
mo
d
el
s
w
h
ic
h
ar
e
d
ev
e
lo
p
ed
in
t
h
e
p
u
b
licatio
n
s
[
1
4
,
1
7
,
1
8
]
.
T
h
e
in
ter
d
ep
en
d
en
ce
o
f
th
e
ch
o
s
e
n
i
n
d
icato
r
s
f
o
r
th
e
q
u
alita
tiv
e
c
h
ar
ac
ter
is
ti
c
o
f
ac
to
r
s
`
in
ter
ac
tio
n
ca
n
b
e
p
r
esen
ted
as a
s
y
s
te
m
o
f
r
elati
o
n
s
.
1
1
2
3
,
,
;
y
f
x
x
x
(
1
)
1
2
3
4
5
,
,
,
,
.
D
f
y
y
y
y
y
(
2
)
T
h
e
in
p
u
t
a
n
d
o
u
tp
u
t
v
ar
iab
les
o
f
t
h
e
f
u
zz
y
in
f
er
en
ce
s
y
s
te
m
ac
q
u
ir
e
v
al
u
es
d
ef
i
n
e
d
b
y
t
h
eir
u
n
i
v
er
s
al
s
ets a
n
d
ar
e
esti
m
a
te
d
b
y
f
u
zz
y
ter
m
s
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
T
ab
le
1
.
T
ab
le
1
.
L
in
g
u
i
s
tic
ter
m
s
o
f
v
ar
iab
le
s
y
s
te
m
s
o
f
f
u
zz
y
in
f
er
e
n
ce
F
u
z
z
y
v
a
r
i
a
b
l
e
U
n
i
v
e
r
sal
se
t
o
f
f
u
z
z
y
v
a
r
i
a
b
l
e
L
i
n
g
u
i
st
i
c
v
a
r
i
a
b
l
e
1
x
0
;
1
L
o
w
(
L
)
;
M
e
d
i
u
m (
M
)
;
H
i
g
h
M
e
d
i
u
m
(
H
M
)
;
H
i
g
h
(
H
)
2
x
0
;
1
L
o
w
(
L
)
;
M
e
d
i
u
m (
M
)
;
H
i
g
h
M
e
d
i
u
m
(
H
M
)
;
H
i
g
h
(
H
)
3
x
0
;
1
L
o
w
(
L
)
;
M
e
d
i
u
m (
M
)
;
H
i
g
h
M
e
d
i
u
m
(
H
M
)
;
H
i
g
h
(
H
)
1
y
0
;
1
P
r
e
d
a
t
o
r
-
p
r
e
y
i
n
t
e
r
a
c
t
i
o
n
mo
d
e
l
(
I
M
1
)
;
M
o
n
o
mo
d
e
l
(
I
M
2
)
2
y
0
;
1
L
o
w
(
L
)
;
M
e
d
i
u
m (
M
)
;
H
i
g
h
M
e
d
i
u
m
(
H
M
)
;
H
i
g
h
(
H
)
3
y
0
;
1
L
o
w
(
L
)
;
M
e
d
i
u
m (
M
)
;
H
i
g
h
M
e
d
i
u
m
(
H
M
)
;
H
i
g
h
(
H
)
4
y
0
;
1
S
mal
l
(
S
)
;
M
e
d
i
u
m (
M
)
;
L
a
r
g
e
(
L
)
;
X
L
a
r
g
e
(
X
L
)
5
y
0
;
1
L
o
w
(
L
)
;
M
e
d
i
u
m (
M
)
;
H
i
g
h
M
e
d
i
u
m
(
H
M
)
;
H
i
g
h
(
H
)
D
0
;
1
M
o
d
e
l
o
f
sy
n
e
r
g
e
t
i
c
d
e
ma
n
d
ma
n
a
g
e
me
n
t
(
M
1
)
;
mo
d
e
l
o
f
sy
n
e
r
g
e
t
i
c
mai
n
t
e
n
a
n
c
e
o
f
a
g
i
v
e
n
l
e
v
e
l
o
f
d
e
man
d
(
M
2
)
;
mo
d
e
l
o
f
f
o
r
mi
n
g
a
st
a
b
l
e
v
i
r
t
u
a
l
c
o
mm
u
n
i
t
y
(
M
3
)
2
.
3
.
F
uzzy
pro
du
ct
io
n r
ules
in t
he
decisi
o
n
s
up
po
rt
s
y
s
t
em
Fu
zz
y
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
r
u
les
p
r
esen
ted
in
T
ab
le
2
w
er
e
f
o
r
m
u
la
te
d
in
t
h
e
f
o
r
m
o
f
s
tate
m
e
n
ts
th
at
co
m
b
in
e
lin
g
u
i
s
tic
v
ar
iab
le
s
y
s
te
m
s
o
f
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
s
(
1
)
-
(
2
)
.
Fo
r
co
n
v
e
n
ien
ce
,
th
er
e
i
s
o
n
l
y
a
f
r
a
g
m
e
n
t
o
f
th
e
d
atab
ase,
w
h
ic
h
w
as
f
o
r
m
u
lated
w
it
h
th
e
p
ar
ticip
atio
n
o
f
ex
p
er
ts
.
2
.
4
.
O
pera
t
io
n a
lg
o
ri
t
h
m
o
f
t
he
decisi
o
n
s
up
po
rt
s
y
s
t
e
m
f
o
r
m
a
na
g
ing
t
he
inte
ra
ct
io
n o
f
a
ct
o
rs in SNSs
C
u
r
r
en
tl
y
,
t
h
er
e
ar
e
a
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
f
u
zz
y
i
n
f
er
en
ce
al
g
o
r
ith
m
s
,
t
h
e
m
o
s
t
co
m
m
o
n
o
f
wh
ich
is
t
h
e
Ma
m
d
an
i
a
n
d
Su
g
e
n
o
alg
o
r
it
h
m
[
2
4
-
2
7
]
.
T
h
e
f
ir
s
t
o
f
t
h
e
k
in
d
i
s
u
s
ed
in
t
h
e
ca
s
e
o
f
p
r
o
b
lem
-
s
o
l
v
i
n
g
f
o
r
w
h
ic
h
th
e
cr
it
ical
f
a
cto
r
is
t
h
e
ex
p
lan
atio
n
an
d
j
u
s
ti
f
icat
io
n
o
f
th
e
d
ec
is
io
n
.
I
n
t
u
r
n
,
t
h
e
S
u
g
e
n
o
alg
o
r
it
h
m
is
ch
ar
ac
ter
ized
b
y
t
h
e
ad
ap
tat
io
n
to
s
o
l
v
f
in
g
id
en
ti
f
icatio
n
p
r
o
b
le
m
s
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
to
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
t
a
f
u
zz
y
in
f
er
en
ce
s
y
s
te
m
to
s
elec
t
a
m
o
d
el
o
f
s
y
n
er
g
i
s
tic
m
an
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
o
f
ac
to
r
s
’
i
n
ter
ac
tio
n
i
n
SN
Ss
,
w
e
w
il
l
u
s
e
t
h
e
Ma
m
d
an
i
al
g
o
r
ith
m
.
T
h
e
ess
en
ce
o
f
Ma
m
d
an
i
alg
o
r
ith
m
f
o
r
th
e
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
a
k
i
n
g
task
o
n
th
e
ch
o
ice
o
f
s
y
n
er
g
etic
m
a
n
ag
e
m
e
n
t
m
o
d
el
is
r
ed
u
ce
d
to
th
e
s
tep
s
[
2
8
]
:
S
tep
1
.
F
u
z
z
yfica
tio
n
o
f
th
e
in
p
u
t
va
r
ia
b
les
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
=
{
1
}
,
w
h
er
e
=
1
,
3
an
d
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
ar
iab
le
is
1
=
{
1
}
.
T
o
d
o
th
is
,
w
e
u
s
e
an
S
-
s
h
ap
ed
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
f
u
n
c
tio
n
1
(
)
,
t
w
o
m
o
d
els
o
f
a
U
-
s
h
ap
ed
f
u
n
ctio
n
2
(
)
,
3
(
)
an
d
an
S
-
s
h
ap
ed
d
escen
d
i
n
g
o
n
e
4
(
)
[
9
]
.
Fu
zz
if
ica
tio
n
o
f
th
e
r
e
m
ain
in
g
in
p
u
t
an
d
o
u
tp
u
t li
n
g
u
i
s
tic
v
ar
iab
les o
f
t
h
e
d
ec
is
io
n
s
u
p
p
o
r
t s
y
s
te
m
i
s
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
s
i
m
i
lar
l
y
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
11
,
No
.
3
,
J
u
n
e
2
0
2
1
:
2
4
9
0
-
2499
2494
S
tep
2
.
Th
e
a
g
g
r
eg
a
tio
n
o
f
s
u
b
co
n
d
itio
n
s
in
fu
z
z
y
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
r
u
les
p
r
esen
ted
in
T
ab
le
2
is
r
ed
u
ce
d
to
f
i
n
d
in
g
t
h
e
d
eg
r
ee
o
f
tr
u
th
f
u
ln
ess
f
o
r
th
e
co
n
d
itio
n
s
o
f
ea
ch
r
u
le
o
f
th
e
p
r
e
-
f
o
r
m
ed
d
atab
ase
u
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
lo
g
ica
l
o
p
er
atio
n
s
.
I
n
th
is
ca
s
e,
o
p
er
atio
n
s
A
ND
o
r
OR
ar
e
r
ep
lace
d
to
th
e
co
n
j
u
n
ctio
n
(
)
o
r
d
is
ju
n
ct
io
n
(
)
b
y
m
ea
n
s
o
f
m
ax
i
m
izatio
n
o
r
m
i
n
i
m
izatio
n
o
p
er
atio
n
s
,
r
esp
ec
ti
v
el
y
.
S
tep
3
.
Th
e
a
ctiva
tio
n
o
f
th
e
s
u
b
co
n
cl
u
s
io
n
in
th
e
d
a
ta
b
a
s
e
r
u
les
,
w
h
ic
h
is
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
u
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
m
i
n
-
ac
tiv
atio
n
m
et
h
o
d
ac
co
r
d
in
g
t
o
w
h
ich
m
in
,
j
i
m
j
i
x
n
x
,
(
3
)
w
h
er
e
d
eter
m
in
e
s
th
e
tr
u
th
o
f
a
p
ar
ticu
lar
r
u
le
o
f
th
e
d
atab
ase.
A
t
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
ti
m
e,
i
n
ac
ti
v
e
d
atab
ase
r
u
les
ar
e
n
o
t ta
k
en
i
n
to
ac
co
u
n
t in
o
r
d
er
to
r
ed
u
ce
d
ata
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
ti
m
e.
S
tep
4
.
A
cc
u
mu
l
a
tio
n
o
f
th
e
c
o
n
clu
s
io
n
s
o
f
fu
z
z
y
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
r
u
les
is
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
f
o
r
ass
o
ciatio
n
o
f
th
o
s
e
f
u
zz
y
s
et
s
w
h
ich
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
to
ter
m
s
o
f
s
u
b
co
n
cl
u
s
io
n
s
co
n
ce
r
n
i
n
g
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
i
n
itial
v
ar
iab
les
1
1
1
2
3
m
a
x
,
,
y
y
x
x
x
.
(
4
)
S
tep
5
.
Defu
z
z
ifica
tio
n
o
f
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
va
r
ia
b
le
1
y
is
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
a
cc
o
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
p
la
n
e
ce
n
tr
e
m
et
h
o
d
f
o
r
w
h
ic
h
m
a
x
m
i
n
u
ii
u
x
d
x
x
d
x
.
(
5
)
T
h
e
alg
o
r
ith
m
d
escr
ib
es
t
h
e
f
u
zz
y
in
f
er
en
ce
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e
f
o
r
f
u
n
ct
io
n
al
d
ep
en
d
e
n
ce
(
2
)
.
T
o
i
m
p
le
m
en
t
th
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
al
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
in
t
h
e
d
ec
is
io
n
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
s
y
s
te
m
(
1
)
,
it
is
n
ec
ess
a
r
y
to
p
er
f
o
r
m
s
i
m
ilar
s
tep
s
1
-
5
f
o
r
th
e
in
p
u
t v
ar
iab
le
s
k
Yy
,
1
,
5
k
an
d
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
ar
iab
le
Dd
.
T
ab
le
2
.
Fra
g
m
e
n
t
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
r
u
le
b
ase
1
x
2
x
3
x
1
y
H
H
H
I
M
1
H
HM
HM
I
M
1
H
M
L
I
M
1
HM
H
HM
I
M
1
HM
HM
L
I
M
1
HM
M
M
I
M
1
HM
L
M
I
M
2
HM
L
L
I
M
2
M
HM
M
I
M
1
M
M
M
I
M
1
M
L
H
I
M
2
M
L
M
I
M
2
L
H
M
I
M
2
L
HM
H
I
M
2
L
M
M
I
M
2
L
L
L
I
M
2
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S
A
ND
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
3
.
1
.
M
o
del o
f
t
he
decisi
o
n su
pp
o
rt
s
y
s
t
e
m
f
o
r
m
a
na
g
ing
t
he
inte
ra
ct
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a
ct
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L
et
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tu
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y
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ir
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A
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A
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ac
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o
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o
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e
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a
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le
o
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a
n
i
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atio
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o
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m
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at
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T
O.
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a
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ag
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ter
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NS
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ar
e
e
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p
er
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ass
e
s
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m
e
n
ts
o
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th
e
Dep
ar
t
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en
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o
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n
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o
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ati
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r
o
tectio
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r
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le
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Data
w
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ased
o
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io
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d
ata
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k
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E
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r
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u
m
m
ar
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ai
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g
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f
t
h
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f
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ical
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io
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m
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o
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m
a
k
e
t
h
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n
clu
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n
s
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e
d
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ed
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te
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f
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ter
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d
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s
=
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allo
w
s
ta
k
in
g
in
to
ac
co
u
n
t
t
h
e
p
ec
u
liar
itie
s
o
f
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h
e
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n
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u
cted
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f
o
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m
a
tio
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al
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p
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atio
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s
.
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h
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ato
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s
h
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ee
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ed
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g
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n
s
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er
at
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n
th
e
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o
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itica
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al
y
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er
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i
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atio
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atio
n
s
th
a
t
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lace
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t
h
e
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
s
p
ac
e
o
f
SNS
s
.
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n
d
er
th
e
cir
c
u
m
s
ta
n
ce
s
o
f
t
h
e
co
n
s
ta
n
t
ap
p
ea
r
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ce
o
f
n
e
w
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
to
th
e
co
n
d
u
ct
io
n
o
f
in
f
o
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m
atio
n
ac
tio
n
s
b
y
atta
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er
s
in
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s
,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
i
n
d
icato
r
s
allo
w
t
o
id
en
tify
t
h
e
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
p
er
atio
n
,
ass
e
s
s
it
s
i
m
p
ac
t
o
n
ac
to
r
s
an
d
v
ir
t
u
al
co
m
m
u
n
iti
es,
an
d
ar
e
als
o
u
s
ed
f
o
r
f
u
r
t
h
er
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
ak
in
g
co
n
ce
r
n
in
g
ef
f
icie
n
t
c
o
u
n
ter
ac
tio
n
to
s
u
ch
t
h
r
ea
ts
to
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
s
ec
u
r
it
y
.
Th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
o
d
el
o
f
th
e
f
u
zz
y
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te
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er
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a
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m
e
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t.
B
ased
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I
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ter
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Mo
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2497
SNSs
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i
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u
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ize
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ir
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al
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g
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n
d
cr
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tin
g
th
e
n
e
w
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n
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t
i
n
d
ep
en
d
en
t
l
y
.
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h
is
is
th
e
w
a
y
th
e
t
h
r
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ts
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o
s
ed
b
y
th
e
s
p
r
ea
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o
f
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estru
ctiv
e
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n
te
n
t
i
n
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e
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u
n
ter
ac
ted
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cr
ea
s
e
o
f
th
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ef
f
ec
t
iv
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n
es
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o
f
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u
n
ter
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g
th
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ea
t
s
i
n
S
NS
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h
ie
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y
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h
e
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u
c
tio
n
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h
e
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eg
r
ee
o
f
s
u
b
j
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tiv
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y
o
f
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ec
is
io
n
s
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c
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
d
u
r
atio
n
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
ce
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u
r
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o
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ad
o
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tio
n
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y
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p
er
ts
a
n
d
in
cr
ea
s
i
n
g
th
e
ef
f
icie
n
c
y
o
f
co
u
n
ter
m
ea
s
u
r
es.
T
h
is
e
f
f
ec
t
is
ac
h
iev
ed
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
an
d
u
s
a
g
e
o
f
t
h
e
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
b
ased
o
n
th
e
d
ev
e
lo
p
ed
m
o
d
el
o
f
d
ec
i
s
io
n
s
u
p
p
o
r
t s
y
s
te
m
.
C
o
n
d
u
cted
e
x
p
er
i
m
en
ta
l
s
tu
d
ies
o
f
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
ed
s
y
s
te
m
o
f
f
u
zz
y
i
n
f
er
en
ce
s
h
o
w
ed
th
at
d
u
e
to
th
e
ap
p
licatio
n
o
f
th
e
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
ed
m
o
d
el
o
f
s
y
n
er
g
etic
m
an
a
g
e
m
e
n
t,
th
e
r
ed
u
ctio
n
o
f
in
ter
est
i
n
p
u
b
licatio
n
s
t
h
at
h
ad
a
d
estr
u
c
tiv
e
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
i
m
p
ac
t
o
n
p
u
b
lic
o
p
in
io
n
h
ap
p
en
s
3
0
%
f
ast
er
th
a
n
w
it
h
o
u
t
its
ap
p
licati
o
n
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
y
s
te
m
o
f
f
u
zz
y
i
n
f
er
en
ce
ca
n
b
e
i
m
p
r
o
v
ed
in
ac
co
r
d
an
ce
w
it
h
th
e
r
ap
id
ch
an
g
e
in
t
h
e
n
atu
r
e
o
f
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
al
o
p
er
atio
n
s
in
SNSs
,
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
ies
f
o
r
th
eir
i
m
p
le
m
en
tatio
n
,
t
h
e
e
m
er
g
en
ce
o
f
n
e
w
n
ar
r
ativ
e
s
i
n
t
h
e
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
s
p
ac
e
o
f
s
er
v
ices
.
b
y
m
ea
n
s
o
f
f
illi
n
g
w
it
h
t
h
e
n
e
w
m
o
d
els
o
f
s
y
n
er
g
eti
c
m
an
a
g
e
m
e
n
t to
co
u
n
ter
t
h
e
th
r
ea
ts
an
d
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
b
ase
r
u
les
.
4.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
As
a
r
esu
lt
o
f
th
e
co
n
d
u
cted
r
esear
ch
,
f
o
r
th
e
f
ir
s
t
ti
m
e,
t
h
e
m
o
d
el
o
f
a
d
ec
is
io
n
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
s
y
s
te
m
f
o
r
m
an
a
g
i
n
g
th
e
ac
to
r
s
’
i
n
t
er
ac
ti
o
n
in
SNS
s
w
a
s
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
.
T
h
e
b
asis
o
f
th
e
d
escr
ib
ed
m
o
d
el
is
a
f
u
zz
y
lo
g
ic
co
n
clu
s
io
n
.
T
h
is
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
p
r
o
v
id
es
an
in
cr
ea
s
e
i
n
th
e
d
eg
r
ee
o
f
d
ec
is
io
n
v
alid
it
y
o
n
t
h
e
m
o
d
el
ch
o
ice
f
o
r
f
o
r
m
alizi
n
g
th
e
ac
to
r
s
’
i
n
ter
ac
tio
n
in
v
ir
tu
a
l
co
m
m
u
n
it
ie
s
an
d
th
e
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
m
o
d
el
o
f
s
y
n
er
g
i
s
tic
co
u
n
ter
ac
tio
n
to
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
s
ec
u
r
it
y
t
h
r
ea
ts
i
n
SN
Ss
.
Ma
m
d
a
n
i
al
g
o
r
it
h
m
w
as
c
h
o
s
en
to
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
d
eg
r
ee
o
f
u
n
ce
r
tain
t
y
i
n
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
a
k
in
g
b
y
a
NI
Sec
ex
p
er
t o
n
th
e
f
u
n
ct
io
n
i
n
g
o
f
th
e
d
ec
is
io
n
s
u
p
p
o
r
t sy
s
te
m
.
W
e
h
av
e
d
ev
el
o
p
ed
th
e
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
,
h
a
v
e
d
ef
i
n
ed
in
p
u
t
an
d
o
u
tp
u
t
li
n
g
u
i
s
tic
v
ar
iab
les.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
to
r
ef
lect
th
e
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
b
et
w
ee
n
th
e
v
ar
iab
les
a
h
ier
ar
ch
ical
tr
ee
o
f
d
ec
is
io
n
s
h
as
b
ee
n
b
u
ilt,
a
d
atab
ase
in
t
h
e
f
o
r
m
o
f
r
u
le
s
o
f
f
u
zz
y
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
r
u
les
h
a
s
b
ee
n
f
o
r
m
ed
.
A
ls
o
,
w
e
h
av
e
co
n
s
tr
u
cted
th
e
m
o
d
e
l
o
f
th
e
d
ec
is
io
n
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
s
y
s
te
m
b
ased
o
n
t
h
e
f
u
zz
y
d
er
i
v
ati
o
n
o
f
th
e
M
A
T
L
A
B
f
u
zz
y
lo
g
ic
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t
.
An
ex
a
m
p
le
o
f
its
ap
p
licatio
n
u
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
d
ata
o
n
th
e
i
m
p
ac
t
o
f
d
estru
cti
v
e
in
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
o
n
S
NS
ac
to
r
s
to
f
o
r
m
a
n
eg
at
iv
e
p
u
b
lic
o
p
in
io
n
ab
o
u
t
Uk
r
ain
e
's
E
u
r
o
-
A
tla
n
tic
i
n
te
g
r
atio
n
w
as
u
s
ed
.
T
h
e
ad
v
an
ta
g
e
o
f
t
h
e
d
ev
elo
p
ed
m
o
d
el
o
f
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
i
s
t
h
e
ab
ilit
y
to
s
ca
le
an
d
t
h
eir
s
u
p
p
le
m
en
t
w
it
h
n
e
w
m
o
d
els
o
f
ac
t
o
r
s
’
i
n
ter
ac
tio
n
an
d
s
y
n
er
g
etic
m
a
n
ag
e
m
e
n
t o
f
i
n
t
er
ac
ti
o
n
in
v
ir
tu
al
co
m
m
u
n
itie
s
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
U.
Ca
n
a
n
d
B.
A
lata
s
,
“
A
n
e
w
d
irec
ti
o
n
in
so
c
ial
n
e
tw
o
rk
a
n
a
l
y
si
s:
On
li
n
e
so
c
ial
n
e
tw
o
rk
a
n
a
l
y
si
s
p
ro
b
lem
s
a
n
d
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
,”
Ph
y
sic
a
A:
S
ta
ti
stica
l
M
e
c
h
a
n
ics
a
n
d
it
s
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
,
v
o
l.
5
3
5
,
p
p
-
1
-
38
,
2
0
1
9
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j.
p
h
y
sa
.
2
0
1
9
.
1
2
2
3
7
2
.
[2
]
W
.
K.
L
a
i,
Y.
U.
Ch
e
n
,
a
n
d
T
.
Y
.
Wu
,
“
A
n
a
l
y
sis
a
n
d
e
v
a
lu
a
ti
o
n
o
f
ra
n
d
o
m
-
b
a
s
e
d
m
e
ss
a
g
e
p
ro
p
a
g
a
ti
o
n
m
o
d
e
ls
o
n
th
e
so
c
ial
n
e
tw
o
rk
s
,”
Co
mp
u
ter
Ne
two
rk
s
,
v
o
l.
1
7
0
,
p
p
.
1
-
14
,
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/j
.
c
o
m
n
e
t.
2
0
1
9
.
1
0
7
0
4
7
.
[3
]
Y.
G
u
o
,
Z.
L
u
,
H.
Ku
a
n
g
,
a
n
d
C.
W
a
n
g
,
“
In
f
o
r
m
a
ti
o
n
a
v
o
id
a
n
c
e
b
e
h
a
v
io
u
r
o
n
so
c
ial
n
e
tw
o
rk
sites
:
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
o
n
irrele
v
a
n
c
e
,
o
v
e
rlo
a
d
,
a
n
d
th
e
m
o
d
e
ra
ti
n
g
ro
le
o
f
ti
m
e
p
re
ss
u
re
,”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
In
fo
rm
a
ti
o
n
M
a
n
a
g
e
me
n
t
,
p
p
.
1
-
1
2
,
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/j
.
ij
in
f
o
m
g
t.
2
0
2
0
.
1
0
2
0
6
7
.
[4
]
K.
J.
Ba
k
e
r
-
Do
y
le
a
n
d
S
.
A
.
Yo
o
n
,
“
T
h
e
so
c
ial
sid
e
o
f
tea
c
h
e
r
e
d
u
c
a
ti
o
n
:
Im
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
o
f
so
c
ial
n
e
tw
o
rk
re
s
e
a
rc
h
f
o
r
th
e
d
e
sig
n
o
f
p
ro
f
e
ss
io
n
a
l
d
e
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t
,”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
E
d
u
c
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Res
e
a
rc
h
,
v
o
l.
1
0
1
,
p
p
.
1
-
5
,
2
0
2
0
.
A
v
a
il
a
b
le:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/j
.
ij
e
r.
2
0
2
0
.
1
0
1
5
6
3
.
[5
]
K.
M
o
lo
d
e
tsk
a
,
Y.
Bro
d
sk
iy
,
a
n
d
S
.
F
e
d
u
s
h
k
o
,
“
M
o
d
e
l
o
f
A
s
se
ss
m
e
n
t
o
f
In
f
o
r
m
a
ti
o
n
-
P
sy
c
h
o
lo
g
ica
l
In
f
lu
e
n
c
e
in
S
o
c
ial
Ne
tw
o
rk
in
g
S
e
rv
i
c
e
s
Ba
se
d
o
n
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
o
n
In
su
ra
n
c
e
,
”
Pro
c
.
2
n
d
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
W
o
rk
sh
o
p
C
o
n
tr
o
l,
Op
ti
misa
ti
o
n
a
n
d
A
n
a
lytica
l
Pr
o
c
e
ss
in
g
o
f
S
o
c
ia
l
Ne
tw
o
rk
s
,
2
0
2
0
,
v
o
l.
2
6
1
6
,
2
0
2
0
,
p
p
.
1
8
7
-
1
9
8
.
[6
]
S.
Ye
v
se
i
e
v
,
V
.
P
o
n
o
m
a
re
n
k
o
,
a
n
d
O.
Ra
y
e
v
n
y
e
v
a
,
“
As
se
ss
m
e
n
t
o
f
f
u
n
c
ti
o
n
a
l
e
ff
icie
n
c
y
o
f
a
c
o
rp
o
ra
te
sc
ien
ti
f
ic
-
e
d
u
c
a
ti
o
n
a
l
n
e
tw
o
rk
b
a
se
d
o
n
t
h
e
c
o
m
p
re
h
e
n
siv
e
in
d
ica
to
rs
o
f
q
u
a
li
ty
o
f
se
r
v
ice
,”
Ea
st
Eu
ro
p
e
a
n
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
Ad
v
a
n
c
e
d
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
v
o
l
.
6
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p.
4
-
15
,
2
0
1
7
.
[7
]
M.
L
o
m
b
a
rd
i,
A
.
L
o
p
o
li
to
,
A
.
M
.
A
n
d
rian
o
,
M
.
P
ro
s
p
e
ri,
A
.
S
tas
i
,
a
n
d
E.
Ia
n
n
u
z
z
i,
“
Ne
tw
o
rk
im
p
a
c
t
o
f
so
c
ia
l
in
n
o
v
a
ti
o
n
in
it
iativ
e
s
in
m
a
rg
i
n
a
li
se
d
ru
ra
l
c
o
m
m
u
n
it
ies
,
”
S
o
c
ia
l
Ne
two
rk
s
,
v
o
l.
63
,
p
p
.
11
-
20
,
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j.
so
c
n
e
t.
2
0
2
0
.
0
4
.
0
0
1
.
[8
]
S.
Ra
th
o
re
,
P
.
K.
S
h
a
rm
a
,
V
.
L
o
ia,
Y.
S
.
Je
o
n
g
,
a
n
d
J.
H.
P
a
rk
,
“
S
o
c
ial
n
e
tw
o
rk
se
c
u
rit
y
:
Iss
u
e
s,
c
h
a
l
len
g
e
s,
th
re
a
ts,
a
n
d
so
l
u
ti
o
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.
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R.
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3
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2
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.
23
-
41
.
[1
9
]
B.
W
u
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T
.
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e
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.
L
.
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a
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d
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1
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J
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.
Da
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A
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M
.
Da
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.
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Q.
Bra
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iro
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[2
8
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A.
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to
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m
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Co
mp
u
t
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rs
&
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o
sc
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e
s
,
v
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l.
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,
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p
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–
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2
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