Int
ern
at
i
onal
Journ
al of Ele
ctrical
an
d
Co
mput
er
En
gin
eeri
ng
(IJ
E
C
E)
Vo
l.
9
, No
.
5
,
Octo
ber
201
9
, pp.
3591
~3
598
IS
S
N: 20
88
-
8708
,
DOI: 10
.11
591/
ijece
.
v9
i
5
.
pp3591
-
35
98
3591
Journ
al h
om
e
page
:
http:
//
ia
es
core
.c
om/
journa
ls
/i
ndex.
ph
p/IJECE
UWB ell
ipti
ca
l p
atch mo
nopole a
ntenn
a with d
ua
l
-
band
notch
ed cha
racte
ristics
A.
H. M
aj
ee
d
1
, K
.
H. S
ay
id
marie
2
1
Coll
ege of
Enginee
ring
,
Al
-
Nah
rai
n
Univ
ersity
,
Baghda
d,
Ira
q
2
Coll
ege of
Elec
troni
c
Engi
n
ee
r
i
ng,
Ninev
ah
Uni
ver
sit
y
,
Mos
ul,
I
raq
Art
ic
le
In
f
o
ABSTR
A
CT
Art
ic
le
history:
Re
cei
ved
Dec
28
, 201
8
Re
vised
Ma
r
2
4
, 2
01
9
Accepte
d
Apr
3
, 2
01
9
In
thi
s
pap
er,
a
n
ew
appr
oa
ch
to
t
he
design
of
an
UW
B
m
onopole
ant
enn
a
wit
h
dual
b
and
-
not
ch
ed
cha
ra
cteri
sti
c
s
is
pr
ese
n
te
d
.
T
he
ant
enn
a
h
as
t
he
form
of
an
el
li
p
ti
c
al
m
onop
ole
over
a
groun
d
pla
ne
h
avi
ng
a
n
el
l
ipt
i
ca
l
slo
t
t
o
ac
hi
eve
the
UW
B.
The
dua
l
-
band
notc
h
fun
ction
is
cr
ea
t
ed
b
y
insert
ing
a
U
-
sh
ape
d
and
a
C
-
shape
d
slot
s
on
the
r
adiating
pat
ch
,
thus
no
ext
r
a
siz
e
is
nee
d
ed
.
The
proposed
an
te
nna
show
s
a
g
ood
om
nidi
re
ct
i
onal
rad
i
at
ion
p
a
tt
ern
a
cro
ss
the
band
from
3.
2
to
m
ore
than
14
GH
z.
The
dual
band
-
r
ej
e
ct
ion
is
fo
r
4.
88
-
5.
79GH
z
c
ent
er
ed
a
t
5.
4G
Hz
and
7.
21
-
8
.
4
6
GH
z
ce
nt
ere
d
at
7.
8
GH
z
.
The
antenna
prot
ot
y
p
e
using
the
FR
-
4
subs
tra
t
e
wi
t
h
ε
r
=4
.
3
h
as
a
co
m
pac
t
si
z
e
of
25m
m
×25
mm
×1.
45m
m
.
Th
e
fab
r
icate
d
prot
ot
y
p
e
show
ed
e
xper
imental
result
s c
om
par
ab
le
to
those
obt
ained
from
th
e
sim
ula
ti
ons
.
Ke
yw
or
d
s
:
Ell
ipti
cal
p
at
ch
Du
al
notc
h
a
nt
enn
a
Sing
le
notc
h a
nten
na
Slot ante
nna
U
W
B
an
te
nn
a
Copyright
©
201
9
Instit
ut
e
o
f Ad
vanc
ed
Engi
n
ee
r
ing
and
S
cienc
e
.
Al
l
rights re
serv
ed
.
Corres
pond
in
g
Aut
h
or
:
Kh
al
il
H. Sayi
dm
arie,
Coll
ege
of
Ele
ct
ronic Engi
ne
erin
g,
Nine
vah Unive
rsity
,
Mos
ul,
Iraq
.
Em
a
il
:
kh
.sayi
dm
arie@uonin
evah.ed
u.
i
q
1.
INTROD
U
CTION
The
Ultra
-
Wid
eB
and
(
U
W
B
)
te
chnolo
gy
ha
s
bec
om
e
the
m
os
t
prom
isi
ng
te
chnolo
gy
si
nc
e
the
Fe
de
ral
Com
m
un
ic
at
io
n
Com
m
issi
on
appr
ov
e
d
the
3.1
-
10.
6
G
Hz
ba
nd
f
or
un
li
ce
nse
d
ra
dio
fr
e
que
ncy
ap
plica
ti
ons
[1
]
.
To
c
om
ply
with
t
his
huge
ra
nge
of
f
re
qu
e
nci
es
an
d
the
nee
d
for
c
om
pact
ant
en
nas
f
or
porta
ble
de
vices
,
pa
tc
h
anten
nas have been use
d
in
U
WB syst
em
s d
ue
to thei
r
fa
vorab
le
f
eat
ur
es l
ike li
gh
t
-
weig
ht
, ease o
f fab
ri
cat
ion
and
lo
w
co
st.
Ma
ny
sh
a
pes
of
the
patch
su
c
h
as
ci
rc
ular
di
sk
s,
rin
gs
,
tria
ngular
,
an
d
el
li
ptica
l
hav
e
bee
n
use
d
to incre
ase the
band
width [
2
-
4]
. Th
e a
nten
na gr
ound
plane was als
o
m
od
if
ie
d
f
ro
m
the conv
e
ntio
nal r
ect
ang
le
sh
a
pe
by
ta
pe
ri
ng
a
nd
notc
hing
to o
f
fer
a
so
l
ution
for
b
et
te
r
m
at
ching
acr
oss
a
wide
r
band
[
2,
5
,
6].
H
oweve
r,
the
nee
d
f
or
la
rg
e
r
ba
ndwi
dths
an
d
co
m
pact
anten
nas
is
sti
ll
m
otivati
ng
f
urt
her
resea
rch.
The
ra
diati
ng
patch
of
t
he
a
nten
na
is
usual
ly
placed
a
bove
a
rect
angular
gro
und
plane
pri
nte
d
on
the o
the
r
si
de
of
t
he
s
ubstrat
e. In
oth
e
r
desi
gn
s
,
the
rad
ia
ti
ng
pa
t
ch
was
acc
om
pan
ie
d
with
a
slot
in
a
gr
ound
pla
ne
co
ve
rin
g
t
he
w
ho
l
e
siz
e
of
the an
te
nna [
7
]
.
Du
e
t
o
the
wide
f
reque
ncy
r
ang
e
of
the
U
WB
syst
em
s,
t
hey
i
nev
i
ta
bly
interfe
re
with
the
existi
ng
narrow
band
wireless
com
m
un
ic
at
ion
sy
stem
s
and
th
e
X
-
ba
nd
sat
el
li
te
c
omm
u
nicat
ion
syst
em
s
[
8
].
Su
c
h
syst
em
s
are
li
ke
the
WLA
N
syst
em
op
erati
ng
i
n
the
5.15
-
5.825
GHz
ba
nd
(
IEEE
802.1
1a),
an
d
X
-
ba
nd
sat
el
li
te
co
m
mu
nicat
io
n
syst
e
m
op
er
at
ing
in
the
7.2
-
8.4
G
Hz
ba
nd
(7.25
-
7.7
45
G
H
z
for
t
he
upli
nk
an
d
7.9
-
8.3
95
GH
z
f
or
t
he
dow
nli
nk).
T
he
strai
ghtf
orward
s
olu
t
ion
to
m
itigate
the
a
bove
inte
r
fer
e
nce
s
is
t
o
e
m
plo
y
band
-
re
j
ect
f
il
te
r
s
.
H
oweve
r,
t
his
a
ppr
oach w
il
l
add
e
xtra
de
vice
s
t
o
t
he
syst
e
m
,
wh
e
re
the
siz
e
is
ve
ry
li
m
it
ed
as
in
portable
dev
ic
es
.
A
bett
er
al
te
r
native
is
to
im
ple
m
ent
ba
nd
-
notc
he
d
char
act
e
risti
c
s
in
the
U
W
B
a
nt
enn
a
to
m
it
igate
the
interfe
ren
ce
wi
th
the
m
entioned
syst
em
s
[
8
-
10
]
.
No
tc
h
loa
ding
is
a
good
so
luti
on
to
m
ini
m
iz
e
the
inter
fere
nc
e
an
d
e
nhance
the
im
ped
anc
e
m
at
ching
an
d
ba
ndwidt
h
[
8
-
1
3
].
H
owev
er,
t
he
a
dded
band
-
no
tc
hing m
easur
es
sho
uld nei
ther dem
and
fu
rther siz
e
nor
a
lt
er th
e
perfor
m
ance of th
e
e
xisti
ng an
te
nn
a
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2088
-
8708
In
t J
Elec
&
C
om
p
En
g,
V
ol.
9
, N
o.
5
,
Oct
ober
20
19
:
3591
-
3598
3592
This
pap
e
r
pr
opose
s
a
c
om
pact
U
W
B
plana
r
pri
nte
d
a
nten
na
wh
e
re
the
e
ll
ipti
cal
rad
ia
tin
g
patc
h
is
placed
in
si
de
a
n el
li
ptica
l
slot
in
t
he
gro
und
plane.
T
he
dim
en
sio
ns
of
t
he
t
wo
el
li
ptica
l
sha
pes
of
t
he
rad
i
at
ing
patch
a
nd
the
s
lot
in
the
groun
d
pla
ne
we
re
c
ho
s
en
t
o
offe
r
t
he
capa
bili
ty
of
increa
sed
ba
ndwi
dth
.
The
a
nt
enn
a
has
dual
notc
hed
ba
nd
s
f
or
4.88
-
5.7
9
G
Hz
ba
nd
(
WL
AN)
an
d
7.21
-
8.4
6GHz
band
(
X
-
ba
nd
sa
t
el
li
te
com
m
un
ic
at
ion
syst
em
)
to
el
i
m
inate
the
interfe
re
nce
with
these
syst
em
s.
Two
slots
ha
ving
C
-
s
ha
pe
a
nd
U
-
s
ha
pe
et
c
he
d
on
t
he
ra
diati
ng
patc
h,
a
re
us
e
d
t
o
obta
in
notc
hi
ng
at
the
se
t
wo
f
reque
ncy
ba
nds.
The
a
dd
e
d
tw
o
slots
do
not
re
qu
i
re
any
e
xtra
siz
e
as
they
ar
e
e
m
bed
de
d
i
n
the
ra
diati
ng
patch
th
us
offe
r
the
require
d
ba
nd
-
no
tc
hing whil
e k
eepi
ng
t
he
sa
m
e size
o
f
the
anten
na.
T
he d
esi
gn
de
velo
pm
ent o
f
the a
nt
enn
a is
exp
la
ine
d
i
n
se
ct
ion
2,
wh
il
e
t
he
te
st
of
the
f
abr
ic
at
ed
prot
ot
ype
is
present
ed
in
sect
io
n
3,
an
d
the
c
oncl
usi
on
s
are li
ste
d
i
n
se
ct
ion
4.
2.
DESIG
N CO
NC
EPT
S
2.1
.
The
referenc
e
a
n
tenna
Figure
1
(
a
)
a
nd
1
(
b
)
sho
ws
the
ge
om
et
ry
of
a
n
el
li
ptica
l
patch
of
m
ajo
r
an
d
m
ino
r
ra
di
i
Sx
an
d
Sy
resp
ect
ively
th
at
is
us
ed
as
t
he
m
onopole
a
nten
na
.
T
his
de
sign
is
c
al
le
d
he
re
as
the
re
fer
e
nce
ante
nna
that
sh
oul
d
offe
r
t
he
U
WB
c
har
ac
te
risti
cs
as
wel
l
as
a
de
quat
e
ga
in
a
nd
will
be
s
ubj
ect
ed
t
o
t
he
ba
nd
-
no
tc
hin
g
i
n
the
ne
xt
ste
ps
of
t
he
desig
n
.
The
rectan
gu
la
r g
rou
nd
pla
ne
has a
n el
li
ptica
l
slot
of
a
ma
j
or
ra
diu
s
of
slot
x
an
d
a
m
ino
r
ra
diu
s
of
sl
oty
.
The
el
li
ptica
l
sh
a
pe
is
us
e
d
for
both
t
he
ra
diati
ng
pa
tc
h
a
nd
t
he
slot
in
the
groun
d
plane
to
increas
e
t
he
band
width.
T
he
ante
nn
a
is
assem
bled
on
a
n
FR4
substr
at
e
with
loss
t
ang
e
nt
=
0.0
25
an
d
diele
ct
ric
co
ns
t
ant
ε
r
=
4.3.
T
he
dim
ension
s
o
f
the
s
ub
st
rate
a
re 25×25×
1.45m
m
3
to
achieve
a
c
om
pact
ant
enn
a
.
The
thic
kn
e
ss o
f
t
he
co
pper ma
te
rial
fo
r
th
e
patch
a
nd
the
gro
und
plane
i
s
0.0
35
m
m
.
The
anten
na
is
fe
d
usi
ng
a
50Ω
m
ic
ro
strip
li
ne
w
hose
w
idth
is
cal
c
ulate
d
us
in
g
t
he
well
-
kn
own
m
i
cro
st
rip
li
ne
de
sign
eq
uatio
ns
[14]
.
The widt
h of
t
he
m
ic
ro
strip
f
eed line is
2.84
m
m
, an
d
it
s le
ng
t
h
is
7mm
.
The
st
ru
ct
ur
e
is
desig
ne
d
a
nd
sim
ulate
d
usi
ng
t
he
CS
T
m
ic
ro
wa
ve
st
udio
ve
r.
15.
T
he
pro
po
se
d
anten
na
is
opti
m
iz
ed
fo
r
eac
h
desi
gn
par
a
m
et
er
to
achieve
the
re
quire
d
ultr
a
wide
ba
ndwidt
h.
I
n
t
his
case,
the
pa
ram
et
ers
(
slotx,
sl
oty,
sx
,
sy
)
a
re
op
ti
m
i
zed
ri
gor
ou
sly
.
Fig
ur
e
2
a
nd
F
igure
3
sho
w
t
he
sim
ulati
on
r
esults
of
the
ref
le
ct
io
n
coe
ff
ic
ie
nt
a
nd
reali
zed
gai
n
obta
ine
d
f
or
the
ref
e
ren
c
e
a
nten
na.
As
can
be
s
een
from
these
fig
ur
es
,
the
re
f
eren
ce
a
nten
na
cov
e
rs
U
WB
s
ta
rting
f
ro
m
3.204
GH
z
to
13.
423GHz
(12
3%
relat
i
ve
ba
ndwi
dth)
with a m
axi
m
u
m
g
ai
n
of 4.0
6dBi
.
(a)
(b)
Figure
1.
The
g
eom
et
ry o
f
t
he
r
efe
re
nce a
ntenn
a
, (a)
To
p v
ie
w,
(b) back
vi
ew
with
it
s d
i
m
ension
s
Figure
2
.
Re
fle
ct
ion
c
oeffici
ent v
e
rs
us
fr
e
qu
ency
for
the
r
e
fer
e
nc
e anten
na
Figure
3
.
Re
al
iz
ed gain
ve
rsus f
r
eq
ue
ncy f
or the
ref
e
ren
ce
an
te
nna
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
In
t J
Elec
&
C
om
p
En
g
IS
S
N: 20
88
-
8708
UWB
el
li
ptical
patch
m
onopol
e a
nte
nna
wi
t
h dual
-
band
no
tc
hed
c
har
acteri
sti
cs
(
Kha
li
l H. S
ayid
marie
)
3593
2.2
.
The
single
not
ch anten
na
The
ba
nd
-
rej
e
c
ti
on
can
b
e
ach
ie
ved b
y
im
ple
m
enting
slots
of
ce
rtai
n
le
ngth
s
in
th
e ra
diati
ng p
at
ch
or
the
fe
ed
li
ne
[
6,
15
-
20]
.
I
n
t
his
desi
gn,
a
r
otat
ed
C
-
sh
a
pe
slot
is
et
che
d
in
th
e
ra
diati
ng
patch
as
s
how
n
i
n
Fig
ure
4.
T
he
le
ng
t
h
of
the
slot
is
a
dju
ste
d
t
o
be
ha
lf
the
ef
fecti
ve
wa
velen
gth
i
n
t
he
sl
ot
s
o
th
at
the
slot
w
orks
a
s
a
resonato
r
with
two
sho
rt
-
ci
rc
ui
te
d en
ds.
T
he
resu
lt
in
g a
nten
na i
s
re
ferre
d t
o as
a
sin
gle
no
tc
h a
nten
na,
an
d t
his
is
the
sec
ond
s
te
p
to
wards
th
e
final
desi
gn.
The
le
ng
t
h
of
the
sl
ot
ha
s
a
great
in
flue
nce
on
the
notc
he
d
ba
nd.
The n
otch fre
quency is
co
m
pu
te
d usi
ng [11
]
:
ℎ
=
2
√
(1)
w
he
re
L
T
is
the
total
le
ng
th
of
t
he
C
-
s
hap
e
d
slot,
eff
is
the
e
ff
ect
i
ve
diele
ct
ric
co
ns
ta
nt
a
s
giv
e
n
in
[13],
a
nd
c
i
s
the
s
peed
of
l
igh
t
i
n
fr
e
e
s
pa
ce.
As
sho
wn
i
n
Fig
ure
4
t
he
total
le
ngth
of
the
C
-
sh
a
pe
d
s
lot
is
giv
e
n by:
L
T
= a+
2e+d
(2)
w
he
re
a
re
pr
e
s
ents
the
horizo
ntal
le
ngth
of
t
he
sl
ot,
e
is
t
he
ver
ti
cal
le
ngth
of
the
slot
a
nd
d
represe
nts
t
he
wi
dth
of
the
slot.
T
he
dim
ension
s
of
the
C
-
sh
a
pe
d
slot
(
a,
d,
e
)
a
re
op
ti
m
iz
ed
to
obta
in
t
he
c
orrect
notc
he
d
c
enter
fr
e
qu
e
ncy.
It
is
note
d
he
re
t
ha
t
the
a
dd
it
io
n
of
th
is
slot
does
require
any
c
ha
ng
e
in
the
di
m
ension
s
of
t
he
U
WB
anten
na
that
w
as d
esi
gn
e
d
i
n sec
ti
on
2.1. Us
ing
(1)
a
nd (2
), t
he
slot
dim
ension
s
w
e
re c
hozen to o
btain a
no
tc
h
at
5.4
GH
z
as
can
be
see
n
in
Fig
ure
5.
The
si
m
ulati
on
s
ha
ve
sho
wn
that
the
a
bove
f
or
m
ula
ga
ve
a
very
good
est
i
m
at
e o
f
the
no
tc
h fr
e
qu
e
nc
y, an
d
a m
or
e
pr
eci
se
valu
e c
an be tu
ne
d wit
h
the
h
el
p of CST si
m
ulati
on
.
The
opti
m
iz
ed
pe
rfo
rm
ance
in
te
rm
s
of
the
ref
le
ct
io
n
c
oe
f
fici
ent
a
nd
gai
n
with
ou
t
a
no
tc
h
a
nd
with
a
sin
gle
notc
h
is
c
om
par
ed
in
Fig
ur
e
5
a
nd
Fig
ure
6.
As
seen
from
both
fi
gures
,
a
f
r
equ
e
ncy
ba
nd
al
ong
5.11
–
6GHz
is
rej
ect
e
d
an
d
th
e
gain
at
this
band
is
re
duce
d
th
us
the
inte
rf
e
ren
ce
at
thi
s
fr
e
qu
e
ncy
ba
nd
is
reduce
d
by
a
bout
6.5
dB.
T
he
gain
acr
os
s
t
he
whole
ba
nd
re
m
ai
ns
alm
os
t
the
sam
e
ens
ur
i
ng
that
t
he
a
dd
ed
sl
ot
do
e
s
no
t al
te
r
the
desire
d pro
per
ti
es
of the
r
efere
nce a
nten
na.
Figure
4
.
Fro
nt v
ie
w
of t
he
si
ng
le
-
notc
h ant
enn
a
w
it
h t
he
s
lot dim
ension
s
Figure
5. Re
fle
ct
ion
c
oeffici
ent v
e
rs
us
fr
e
qu
ency
without a
notc
h
a
nd w
it
h
a si
ng
le
notc
h
Figure
6. Re
al
iz
ed gain
ve
rsus f
r
eq
ue
ncy w
i
thout a
no
tc
h
a
nd w
it
h a si
ngle
no
tc
h
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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8708
In
t J
Elec
&
C
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p
En
g,
V
ol.
9
, N
o.
5
,
Oct
ober
20
19
:
3591
-
3598
3594
2.3
.
The
du
al
-
n
otc
h anten
na
The
no
tc
h c
harac
te
risti
c
at
two
bands
is
al
s
o
ver
y
desira
ble
to
re
duce
the
i
nterf
e
re
nce
f
r
om
m
or
e
than
a
sin
gle
s
ource
.
T
o
fu
l
fill
this go
al
a U
-
s
ha
pe
d
sl
ot
is
c
ut f
r
om
the
rad
ia
ti
ng
patc
h
of
the
si
ng
le
-
notc
h
a
ntenn
a
,
and
t
he
res
ulti
ng
a
nten
na
is
r
efer
red
to
as
dual
-
no
tc
h
a
nte
nn
a
as
s
how
n
in
Fig
ure
7.
T
hi
s
is
the
thir
d
a
nd
final
ste
p of
t
he desi
gn. T
he
t
otal l
eng
t
h of t
he U
-
s
hap
e
d sl
ot is ca
lc
ulate
d
as:
L
T
= aa+2
ee +
dd
(3)
wh
e
re
aa
re
pr
e
sents
t
he
horiz
on
ta
l
le
ng
t
h
of
the
slot,
ee
t
he
ve
rtic
al
le
ngth
of
the
slot
a
nd
dd
re
presen
ts
the
width
of
the
s
lot.
Usi
ng
(
1)
and
(
3),
the
U
-
sh
a
pe
d
slot
w
as
desi
gn
e
d
t
o
ex
hib
it
a
not
ch
at
the
fr
e
quency
of 7.8
GHz.
The
opti
m
iz
ed
perform
ances
in
te
rm
s
of
the
ref
le
ct
io
n
coe
f
fici
ent
an
d
gai
n
f
or
t
he
three
anten
nas
are
com
par
ed
as
s
how
n
in
Fig
ur
e
8
a
nd Fi
g
ure
9 res
pecti
vely
. As it
can
b
e
se
en
f
r
om
Fig
ur
e
8, the
dual
fre
qu
e
ncy
bands
are
rej
ec
te
d,
w
her
e
the
first
ba
nd
c
ov
e
rs
4.8
8
-
5.7
9
G
Hz
w
hile
the
s
econd
ba
nd
c
overs
7.21
-
8.46
GHz
without
af
fecti
ng
t
he
fir
st
ba
nd.
It
was
ob
se
r
ved
t
hat
both
no
tc
he
d
ba
nds
c
an
be
i
nd
e
pe
ndently
sh
ifte
d
ei
ther
to
the
le
ft
or
th
e
rig
ht
us
i
ng
slot
le
ngths
var
ia
ti
ons
as
per
t
he
e
xact
requirem
ent.
Fig
ur
e
9
s
hows
th
a
t
a
m
ini
m
u
m
g
ai
n
of
-
0.488
dBi
is
achiev
ed
at
the
fir
st
rej
ect
e
d
ba
nd
of
the
fr
e
que
ncy
of
5.4
GHz
an
d
a
m
ini
m
u
m
gain
of
0.769
dBi
is
ac
hieve
d
at
the
sec
ond
ba
nd
of
the
fr
e
qu
ency
of
7.8GH
z.
T
hese
gain
values
represe
nt
a
re
duct
ion
of
3.8
dB
and
3.1
dB
r
especti
vely
with
res
pect
to
t
he
case
be
fore
i
ntr
oducin
g
the
no
tc
h
char
act
e
risti
cs.
Figure
7
.
Fro
nt v
ie
w
of t
he dua
l no
tc
h
a
nten
na
w
it
h
it
s
dim
e
ns
io
ns
Figure
8
.
Re
fle
ct
ion
c
oeffici
ent v
e
rs
us
fr
e
qu
ency
witho
ut a
notc
h,
with a
sin
gle
notch
and w
it
h d
ual
no
tc
hes
Figure
9
.
Re
al
iz
ed gain
ve
rsus f
r
eq
ue
ncy w
i
thout
a
no
tc
h,
with a
si
ng
le
notc
h, a
nd w
it
h d
ual
notc
hes
3.
MEASU
RED
RESU
LT
S
AND
DI
SCUS
S
ION
S
To
validat
e
th
e
pro
po
se
d
de
sign
a
nd
to
e
va
luate
the
pe
rfor
m
ance
of
t
he
du
al
-
notc
h
a
nten
na,
the
geo
m
et
ry
sho
wn
in
Fig
ure
7
with
it
s
opti
m
iz
ed
dim
ension
s
presente
d
i
n
Ta
ble
1
was
fa
br
ic
at
ed
a
nd
te
ste
d.
A
photog
raph
of the
fabrica
te
d pro
po
se
d U
WB a
nten
na w
it
h
dual
-
no
tc
h characte
risti
cs is show
n
i
n
Fi
g
ure
10.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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t J
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g
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UWB
el
li
ptical
patch
m
onopol
e a
nte
nna
wi
t
h dual
-
band
no
tc
hed
c
har
acteri
sti
cs
(
Kha
li
l H. S
ayid
marie
)
3595
The
m
easur
e
d
and
sim
ulate
d
resu
lt
s
of
the
r
eflect
ion
c
oe
ffi
ci
ents
for
t
he
du
al
-
notc
he
d
a
nten
na
a
re
com
par
ed
i
n
Fig
ure
11.
The
fa
st
va
riat
ion
s
in
the
m
easur
ed
r
esults
are
ca
us
e
d
by
r
eflect
io
ns
from
the
c
onne
ct
ors
of
the
ca
bles
a
nd
the
m
easur
e
m
ent
env
ir
onm
ent.
Th
e
fig
ur
e
sh
ows
t
hat
bo
t
h
the
sim
ulate
d
and
m
easur
e
d
resu
lt
s
are
ade
quat
el
y
cl
os
e
to
ve
rif
yi
ng
the
desig
n.
T
he
sli
ght
di
ff
ere
nces
between
m
easur
e
d
an
d
sim
ulated
val
ue
s
can
be
at
tri
bu
t
ed
t
o
fa
bri
cat
ion
e
rror
s
a
nd
th
e
m
easur
em
ent
en
vir
on
m
ent.
Figure
12
s
ho
ws
t
he
sim
ulated
a
nd
m
easur
ed
reali
zed
gain
var
ia
t
ion
with
f
re
quency
of
the
pr
opos
e
d
a
nte
nna.
It
is
note
d
f
r
om
the
fig
ure
t
hat
the
case
with
t
he
t
wo
-
slots
a
dded
to
the
ante
nn
a
,
the
reali
zed
ga
in
at
the
t
wo
no
tc
h
f
re
qu
e
nc
ie
s
has
decr
ea
s
ed
to
sm
a
ll
v
al
ues.
Table
1
.
O
pti
m
iz
ed
dim
ensions of the
pr
opose
d U
W
B
an
te
nna
with
du
al
-
notc
h
c
ha
racteri
sti
cs
Para
m
eter
Valu
e(
m
m
)
Para
m
eter
Valu
e(
m
m
)
W
2
5
.0
d
0
.2
L
2
5
.0
e
4
.2
slo
t
x
1
1
.0
aa
4
.0
slo
t
y
6
.0
dd
0
.25
s
x
5
.8
ee
4
.8
s
y
4
.5
W
f
2
.84
a
8
.3
L
f
7
.0
(a)
(b)
Figure
10
.
Pho
tograp
h of t
he fab
ricat
ed pr
op
os
e
d
U
WB a
nt
enn
a
w
it
h d
ual
-
notc
h cha
racte
risti
cs.
(a)
Fro
nt v
ie
w, (
b)
B
ac
k view
Figure
11
.
Re
flect
ion
c
oeffici
ent co
m
par
is
ons of
the m
easur
ed a
nd sim
ulate
d
pro
posed
UWB
du
al
-
band n
otch
a
nt
enn
a
Fi
g
ure
1
2: G
ain
c
om
pa
ris
ons
o
f
t
he
m
easured
and sim
ulate
d
p
ropose
d UW
B anten
n
a w
i
th
dual
-
ban
d no
tches c
harac
teris
tics
Figure
13
sho
ws
t
he
t
hr
ee
-
dim
ension
al
fa
r
-
fiel
d
rad
ia
ti
on
patte
rn
s
for
t
he
pro
pose
d
a
nte
nn
a
with
a
nd
without
notc
he
s.
It
ca
n
be
se
en
t
hat
the
radi
at
ion
e
ff
ic
ie
nc
y
of
the
a
nten
na
at
the
fir
st
no
tc
hed
fr
e
qu
e
ncy
of
5.4GHz
with
out
notc
he
s
was
-
0.305
9d
B
(
93.
2%)
w
hile
w
it
h
the
dual
no
tc
hes
the
ra
dia
ti
on
e
ff
ic
ie
ncy
we
nt
dow
n
to
-
2.2
98dB
(
58.9%).
The
ra
diati
on
eff
ic
ie
ncy
at
t
he
sec
ond
not
ched
f
re
qu
e
nc
y
of
7.8
G
Hz
without
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
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-
8708
In
t J
Elec
&
C
om
p
En
g,
V
ol.
9
, N
o.
5
,
Oct
ober
20
19
:
3591
-
3598
3596
no
tc
hes
was
-
0.635
1d
B
(
86.
4%),
wh
il
e
w
it
h
the
notc
he
d
a
nten
na
t
he
ra
diati
on
e
ff
i
ci
ency
we
nt
dow
n
to
-
1.5
21dB
)
70
.
4%).
A
re
du
ct
io
n
in
the
rad
ia
ti
on
ef
fici
ency
from
93.2%
t
o
58.
9%
was
achie
ve
d
i
n
the
fir
st
ba
nd
a
nd
from
86.4%
to
70.4%
in
the
seco
nd
ba
nd.
T
hese
r
edu
ct
io
ns
in
th
e
ef
fici
ency
are
accom
pan
ie
d
by
oth
er
re
duct
ion
s
of
about
4d
B
an
d
3d
B
in
t
he
c
orr
esp
onding
reali
zed
gains
as
w
el
l
as
an
i
ncr
ea
se
in
t
he
ref
le
ct
ion
c
oe
ff
ic
ie
nt
at
the
no
tc
hed
f
re
qu
e
ncies
as
sho
wn
in
Fig
ur
e
11.
These
res
ults
s
how
t
hat
the
dual
-
no
tc
h
a
nte
nn
a
ha
s
lo
w
va
lues
of
gain
a
nd
rad
ia
t
ion
e
ff
ic
ie
ncy
as w
el
l as la
rg
e
r
re
flect
ion coe
ff
ic
ie
nt
s
at
both
o
f
the
notc
he
d fr
e
qu
e
ncy
ba
nd
s
.
Fo
r
f
ur
the
r
ass
essm
ent
of
the
perform
ance
of
the
pr
opos
e
d
anten
na
,
its
ch
aracte
risti
cs
ar
e
com
par
ed
with
ot
her
a
ntenn
a
s
aim
ed
f
or
the
U
W
B
app
li
cat
io
ns
as
dep
ic
te
d
i
n
Table
2.
The
ta
ble
sh
ows
t
hat
the
perform
a
n
ce
of
the
propos
e
d
ante
nn
a
is
ve
ry
com
petit
ive
re
gardin
g
siz
e,
op
e
rati
onal
band
width,
as
well
as g
ai
n.
W
it
hout
no
tc
h
W
it
h du
al
-
notc
h
(a)
5.4GHz
W
it
hout
no
tc
h
W
it
h du
al
notc
hes
(b) 7.
8GHz
Figure
13
.
Sim
ulate
d 3D ra
di
at
ion
patte
rns
of the
pro
pose
d
a
nten
na wit
hout a
notch
a
nd
with
du
al
notc
hes
at
(a) 5
.4 G
Hz,
(
b)
7.8
GHz
Table
2
.
C
om
par
iso
n of pe
rfo
rm
ance o
f
t
he pr
opos
e
d
a
nten
na wit
h othe
r d
esi
gn
s
for t
he U
W
B
app
li
cat
io
ns
Ref
.
Di
m
en
sio
n
s [
m
m
]
Frequ
en
cy
r
an
g
e [
GHz]
% Ban
d
wid
th
Nu
m
b
e
r
o
f
no
tch
es
Gain
[
d
Bi]
[
1
]
26x32x1.
6
3.
2
-
10.
45
106
one
N.A.
[
1
2
]
27x34x0.
8
3.
1
-
10.
6
109
th
ree
4
-
5
[
1
3
]
26x40x0.
8
3.
1
-
10.
6
109
th
ree
NA
[
1
5
]
24x28x1.
6
3.
1
-
10.
6
109
one
NA
[
1
6
]
15x18x1
3.
1
-
14
127
one
3
-
5
[
1
8
]
28x43x1.
6
3.
3
-
10.
3
103
one
3
-
6
[
1
9
]
31x31x1.
5
3.
1
-
10.
6
109
o
n
e,
an
d
two
N.A.
[
2
0
]
15.
2x31.
4x
3.
1
-
17.
2
139
one
ab
o
u
t 2.5
This
work
25x25x1.
45
3.
2
-
14
126
o
n
e,
an
d
two
3
to 4
4.
CONCL
US
I
O
N
The
desig
n a
nd
analy
sis
of
a
pro
posed
U
WB
anten
na c
ov
e
ri
ng
a
f
re
qu
e
ncy
range
from
3.2
GH
z
t
o
14
GH
z
w
e
re
dem
on
st
rated.
N
otc
hing
at
a
sin
gle
band
a
nd
dual
bands
w
ere
ach
ie
ved
by
em
plo
yi
ng
slots
of
C
and
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
In
t J
Elec
&
C
om
p
En
g
IS
S
N: 20
88
-
8708
UWB
el
li
ptical
patch
m
onopol
e a
nte
nna
wi
t
h dual
-
band
no
tc
hed
c
har
acteri
sti
cs
(
Kha
li
l H. S
ayid
marie
)
3597
U
s
ha
pes
so
th
at
the
U
W
B
a
nt
enn
a
can
rej
ec
t
interfe
rin
g
sign
al
at
tw
o
des
ig
n
at
ed
bands
.
The
notc
h
f
re
quenc
y
is
co
ntro
ll
e
d
by
the
le
ngth
of
the
sl
ot.
Fi
ne
-
t
un
i
ng
of
t
he
notc
h
c
ha
racteri
sti
cs
can
be
ac
hieve
d
by
var
y
ing
t
he
le
ng
th
a
nd
widt
h
of
the
slots.
The
fa
br
ic
at
ed
prototype
wa
s
te
ste
d
an
d
it
s
m
easur
ed
re
su
l
ts
are
c
om
par
e
d
with
tho
se
ob
ta
in
ed
from
the
sim
ula
ti
on
.
T
he
prototype
d
a
nten
na
m
od
el
sh
ows
e
xcell
ent
dual
-
ba
nd
no
tc
h
char
act
e
risti
cs
with
str
ong
re
je
ct
ion
a
nd
sta
b
le
gain
in
t
he
pa
ssb
a
nd.
T
he
sim
ula
te
d
an
d
m
easur
e
d
res
ults
are
in
good
ag
reem
ent
with
eac
h
ot
her’s
a
nd
gi
ve
str
on
g
m
otivati
on
that
the
pro
posed
a
nte
nn
a
is
a good ca
ndida
te
f
or eli
m
inatin
g u
nwante
d o
r dist
urbin
g fr
e
qu
e
ncy in
the
desi
red
ba
nds.
ACKN
OWLE
DGME
NT
The
a
uthors
w
ish
to
e
xpress
sincere
a
ppre
ci
at
ion
an
d
th
anks
to
the
sta
ff
of
t
he
Co
m
m
un
ic
at
io
n
Lab
or
at
ory
/
Ele
ct
ronics
an
d
Tel
ecom
m
u
nicat
ion
E
ngineeri
ng
De
pa
rtm
ent,
Coll
e
ge
of
E
ng
i
ne
erin
g,
Al
-
N
ah
rain
U
niv
e
rsity
,
an
d
to
Dr
.
Gh
as
sa
n/
Ele
ct
r
on
ic
s
and
Tel
ec
ommun
ic
at
io
n
En
gi
neer
i
ng
D
epa
rtm
ent,
Coll
ege
of
En
gin
ee
rin
g,
Ba
ghda
d
U
nive
rsit
y
f
or
their
ge
ne
rous
hel
p
thr
oughout
t
he
te
sti
ng
of
the
an
te
nna
prototype
.
REFERE
NCE
S
[1]
O.
Kum
ara
,
an
d
S.
Soni
,
"
Des
ign
and
an
aly
si
s
of
Ultr
a
-
wide
band
m
ic
rostr
ip
patch
ante
nna
with
not
ch
b
an
d
cha
ra
cteri
sti
cs,
"
MATEC
We
b
of
Confe
renc
es
57
,
2016.
[2]
A.
M.
Abbos
h
,
a
nd
M.
E.
Bi
al
ko
ws
ki,
"
Design
of
UW
B
pla
n
ar
m
onopole
antenna
s
of
ci
rcu
la
r
and
el
li
p
ti
c
al
shape
,
"
IEE
E
Tr
ansacti
o
ns on
Antennas
And
Propagat
io
n
,
v
ol
.
56
,
n
o
.
1
,
pp
.
17
-
23
,
Jan
2
008.
[3]
K.
H.
Sa
y
idmari
e
,
and
Y.
A.
Fad
hel
,
"
Design
asp
ec
ts
of
UW
B
pr
i
nte
d
elliptical
m
onopole
antenna
with
impedan
ce
m
at
chi
ng,
"
2012
Loughbor
ough
Ant
ennas
&
Pro
pagati
on
Conf
er
enc
e
,
12
-
13
Nov
.
2012
,
Loughbo
rough,
UK
.
[4]
C.
Li
n,
Y.
Kan
,
L.
Kuo
,
and
H.
Chua
ng,
"
A
pl
a
nar
tri
angu
la
r
m
onopole
antenna
for
UW
B
comm
unic
at
ion
,
"
I
E
EE
Mic
rowave
and
Wirel
ess Compo
nent
s Let
te
rs
,
v
o
l.
15
,
n
o
.
10
,
pp
.
624
–
626
,
2005
.
[5]
L.
W
ang,
W
.
W
u,
X.
-
W
.
Shi
,
F.
W
ei
,
and
Q.
-
L
.
Huang,
"
Design
of
a
nove
l
m
onopole
UW
B
ant
en
na
with
a
not
ched
ground
,"
Progre
ss
In
El
e
ct
rom
ag
net
i
cs
Re
sear
ch C
,
v
ol
.
5
,
pp
.
13
–
20
,
2008
.
[6]
K.
H.
Sa
y
idmar
ie
,
and
T.
A.
N
agi
m
,
"
Perform
a
nce
ev
al
ua
ti
on
of
band
-
no
tc
h
t
ec
hniqu
es
for
p
rint
ed
dua
l
-
ban
d
m
onopole
anten
nas,
"
Int
ernati
on
al
Journal
of
Ele
ct
rom
agnet
i
cs
a
nd
Applicat
ions
,
v
ol.
3
,
n
o
.
4
,
pp
.
70
-
80
,
2013
.
[7]
A.
E
lde
k
,
A.
Z
.
Alsherbe
n
i
,
an
d
C.
E.
Sm
it
h,
"
Square
slot
antenna
for
th
e
du
al
band
and
wi
deba
nd
wire
le
ss
comm
unic
at
ion s
y
stem,
"
J. of
Elec
tromagnet
ic W
ave
s and Appl
ications
,
v
o
l. 19,
n
o.
12
,
pp
.
1571
-
1581
,
2005
.
[8]
W.
-
S.
Lee
,
et.
al
,
"
Com
pac
t
fr
eq
uency
not
che
d
wideba
nd
p
la
n
ar
m
onopole
anten
na
with
an
L
-
sha
ped
ground
pl
an
e,
"
Mic
rowave
and
Optic
al
Technology
Let
te
rs
,
v
o
l.
46,
n
o
.
4
,
pp
.
34
0
–
343
,
2005
.
[9]
H.
M.
Chen
,
"
Single
fed
dua
l
fre
quency
re
ct
angu
la
r
m
ic
rostrip
an
te
nna
with
a
sha
ped
slo
t,
"
IE
E
P
roc.
M
ic
rowav
e
,
Ant
ennas
and
Pr
opagati
on
,
v
ol
.
148,
pp
.
60
-
64
,
2001
.
[10]
S.
Mac
i,
G.
B
.
Genti
llin,
P.
Pia
zz
essi
,
and
C.
S
al
vador
,
"
Dual
band
slo
t
loa
d
e
d
pa
tc
h
an
te
nn
a,
"
IEEE
Proc
.
H,
Mic
rowaves, An
t
ennas
and
Prop
agati
on
,
v
ol
.
14
2,
pp
.
225
-
232
,
1995
.
[11]
C.
-
y
uan
Li
u
,
an
d
T.
Ji
ang,
"
Co
m
pac
t
wide
slo
t
ant
enn
a
with
du
al
band
notc
h
ch
ara
c
te
rist
ic
for
UW
B
appl
ic
a
ti
o
ns,
"
Journal
of
Mi
crowave
s,
Opto
ele
ct
ronics
and
Ele
ct
rom
agnet
i
c
Ap
pli
cations
,
v
o
l. 1
0,
n
o.
1
,
Jun 201
1.
[12]
C.
L
in,
P
.
Jin
,
an
d
R.
W
.
Z
io
lkowski,
"
Single,
du
al,
and
tri
-
b
and
-
no
tc
hed
ult
r
a
wid
e
band
(UW
B)
antenna
s
ULL
using
ca
pa
ci
t
ive
l
y
lo
ad
ed
loop
(CL
L)
r
e
sonators,
"
IE
EE
Tr
ans.
on
Ant
en
nas and
Propag
.
,
v
ol
.
60
,
pp
.
102
-
109
,
Jan
2012
.
[13]
I.
D
.
Sa
iful
Bahr
i,
Z
.
Za
k
ari
a
,
N.
A.
Shair
i,
and
N
.
Edwa
rd,
"
A
no
vel
UW
B
rec
onf
igura
bl
e
f
il
t
eri
ng
an
te
nna
d
esig
n
with
tri
pl
e
band
-
notc
hed
cha
ra
cte
risti
cs
b
y
using
U
-
shape
d
coppe
r
s,
"
Int
ernati
onal
Journal
o
f
Elec
tr
ic
al
,
Elec
troni
cs
and
Computer
S
yste
ms
(
IJE
ECS)
,
v
ol
.
14
,
n
o
.
1
,
pp
.
267
–
275
,
Apr
2019
.
[14]
C.
A.
Balanis,
A
nte
nna
Theory
A
naly
sis An
d
Desi
gn
,
4th
Ed
it
ion
,
W
il
e
y
,
2016,
Chp.
14
.
[15]
Y.
Xi
ao,
Z
.
-
Yon
g
W
ang,
J.
Li,
Z
-
Lun
Yuan
and
A.
K
.
Qin,
"
Two
-
S
te
p
bev
el
ed
UW
B
prin
te
d
m
onopole
antenna
wi
th
band
not
ch,
"
Int
ernati
onal
Journ
al
of
Antennas a
nd
Propagati
on
,
v
ol.
2014
,
pp
.
1
-
11,
2014
.
[16]
A.
Nouri
,
and
G.
R.
Dad
ashz
ad
eh
,
"
A c
om
pact
U
W
B
band
-
notc
h
e
d
printed
m
onopole
ant
enn
a
wi
th
def
e
cted
ground
struct
ure
,
"
IE
EE
Ant
ennas
and
W
irel
ess P
ropagat
ion
Letters
,
v
o
l.
10,
pp
.
1178
–
11
81
,
2011
.
[17]
A.
H.
Ma
jeed,
A.
S.
Abdul
la
h,
K.
H.
Sa
y
i
dm
arie,
R
.
A.
Abd
-
Al
hamee
d,
F.
El
m
egr
i
,
and
J.
M.
Noras,
"
Com
pact
die
l
ec
tr
ic
reson
at
or
antenna
w
it
h
b
and
-
not
ched
ch
aract
er
isti
cs
for
ult
r
a
-
wide
band
appl
i
catio
ns,
"
Progress
I
n
El
e
ct
rom
agnet
i
c
s R
ese
arch
C
,
v
o
l.
57
,
pp
.
137
–
14
8,
2015
.
[18]
R.
A.
Abdulhas
an,
Kh.
N
.
Ramli,
R
.
Ali
as,
L
.
Audah
,
and
A.
R.
O.
Mum
in,
"
Inve
rte
d
d
ia
m
on
d
-
shape
d
notc
h
e
d
subs
tra
te
and
p
atch
for
high
-
fr
eq
uency
interfe
r
en
ce
on
ul
tra
-
wid
e
band
an
te
nn
a,
"
I
nte
rnational
Jou
rnal
of
Elec
tri
ca
l
and
Computer
E
ngine
ering
(
IJECE)
,
v
ol. 7,
n
o.
6,
pp
.
2929
-
293
5
,
De
c
2017
.
[19]
M.
Rahman,
M.
N.
Jahrom
i,
S.
S.
Mirja
v
adi
,
an
d
A.
M.
Ham
ou
da,
"
Com
pac
t
UW
B
Band
-
Notc
hed
Antenn
a
wit
h
Inte
gra
te
d
Bluet
ooth
for
Pe
rsonal
W
ireless
Co
m
m
unic
at
ion
an
d
UW
B
Applic
a
ti
ons,
”
Elec
troni
cs
,
v
ol
.
8
,
n
o.
2
,
pp
.
158
,
2019
.
[20]
R.
San
y
a
l,
P.
P.
Sarka
r,
and
S.
K.
Chowdhur
y
,
"
Minia
turize
d
Ba
nd
Notche
d
UW
B
Antenna
with
Im
prove
d
Fide
l
i
t
y
Fact
or and
Pa
tt
e
rn
Stabilit
y
,
"
R
A
DIO
ENGINEE
R
ING
,
v
ol
.
27
,
n
o
.
1,
pp
.
39
-
46
,
Apr 2018
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2088
-
8708
In
t J
Elec
&
C
om
p
En
g,
V
ol.
9
, N
o.
5
,
Oct
ober
20
19
:
3591
-
3598
3598
BIOGR
AP
H
I
ES
OF
A
UTH
ORS
As
maa
H.
Maj
e
ed
re
ceive
d
B.
Sc
.
Deg
ree
in
Elec
t
ronic
and
Com
m
unic
a
ti
on
from
t
he
Dep
art
m
ent
of
El
e
ct
ri
cal
E
ngine
er
ing/
Univ
ersity
of
T
ec
hn
olog
y
/Ba
ghd
ad
/Ira
q,
the
n
M.
Sc
degr
ee
in
El
e
ct
roni
c
and
Com
m
unic
at
ion
from
the
Dep
ar
tment
of
Ele
ct
ri
ca
l
Engi
n
ee
r
ing
/
Baghd
ad
Univer
sit
y
/Ba
gh
dad
/Ira
q
.
Re
cei
ved
Ph.D.
Degr
ee
in
El
e
ct
ron
ic
and
Com
m
unic
at
ion
from
the
Depa
rtment
of
E
le
c
tri
c
al
Eng
inee
ring/
Busrah
Uni
ver
sit
y
/Busrah
/
Ira
q.
She
ha
s
ar
ound
1
6
y
e
ars
of
Teac
h
ing
Ex
per
ie
n
ce.
She
is
a
m
ember
of
th
e
teac
h
ing
st
aff
a
t
th
e
Dep
art
m
en
t
of
La
ser
and
Opto
el
e
ct
roni
c
Engi
ne
eri
ng/Co
l
le
ge
of
Engi
n
e
eri
ng/
Al
-
Nahra
in
Univer
si
t
y
/
Ira
q.
She
h
as
publi
shed
13
p
a
per
s
in
na
ti
on
al
and
interna
ti
ona
l
journa
ls a
nd
co
nfe
ren
c
es.
Her
r
ese
arc
h
intere
sts
inc
lud
e
th
e ana
l
y
sis
and
design
of
printed
ant
en
nas.
Khali
l
Sa
y
idmar
ie
r
ecei
ved
the
B.
Sc
.
degr
ee
with
f
irst
-
c
la
ss
honor
in
El
e
ct
roni
c
&
Com
m
unic
at
ion
Engi
ne
eri
ng
fro
m
Mos
ul
Univer
sit
y
,
I
raq
,
in
197
6,
and
Ph.D.
Deg
ree
in
Ant
enna
s
&
Propaga
t
ion
fr
om
Sheffie
ld
Univer
sit
y
/
U
.
K.
in
1981.
The
n
h
e
jo
ine
d
th
e
Coll
ege
of
Engi
ne
eri
ng
at
Mos
ul
Univ
er
sit
y
in
1983
and
was
prom
ote
d
to
full
profe
ss
or
i
n
1992.
He
worke
d
as
th
e
h
ead
of
the
el
e
ct
ri
cal
engi
n
ee
r
ing
d
e
par
tment
for
9
y
e
ars.
He
was
a
co
-
found
er
of
t
he
Col
le
g
e
of
El
e
ct
roni
c
Eng
in
ee
ring
at
Mos
ul
Univer
sit
y
.
H
e
h
as
bee
n
Profess
o
r
of
comm
unic
at
i
on
engi
ne
eri
ng
at
th
at
col
l
ege.
Sa
y
idmari
e
serv
ed
as
Prof.
of
comm
unic
at
ion
engi
ne
eri
ng
at
t
he
Coll
ege
o
f
Engi
ne
eri
ng/
Univer
sit
y
of
Am
ma
n
Al
-
Ahli
yy
a
/
J
orda
n
from
Oct
2006
to
Sept
.
20
09.
He
serv
ed
as
the
De
an
of
t
hat
co
ll
eg
e
from
Sept
2008
to
S
ept
2009.
He
ha
s
bei
ng
Prof
of
comm
unic
at
ion
engi
ne
eri
ng
at
t
h
e
col
l
ege
of
elec
t
ronic
engi
n
ee
r
in
g/
Ninev
ah
Univ
ersity
sin
ce
Jul
y
2002.
He
was
a
re
c
i
pi
ent
of
a
6
-
m
onth
rese
a
r
ch
schol
arship
f
rom
the
A
ustralian
Ende
avour
i
n
2007
and
a
4
-
m
onth
Ende
a
vour
Execut
iv
e
Fell
ows
hip
in
2018
,
bo
th
sp
ent
at
the
ITEE/Unive
r
s
i
t
y
of
Quee
nsland/
Au
stral
i
a.
He
was
a
visit
ing prof
es
s
or for
on
e m
onth
to
Bradf
ord
Uni
ver
sit
y
.
He
was
a
warde
d
the
Sci
enc
e
Distin
ct
ion
Meda
l
from
th
e
Ministr
y
of
H
ighe
r
Educat
ion
and
Scie
n
ti
fi
c
Resea
rch
/Ira
q
fo
r
his
ac
h
ie
veme
nts
in
the
field
o
f
El
e
ct
ri
cal
Eng
i
nee
ring
,
Ma
y
20
13.
Sa
y
idmari
e
rese
arc
h
intere
st
s
cove
r
ant
enn
as,
propa
ga
ti
on,
an
d
m
ic
rowave
s,
w
her
e
h
e
has
pub
lis
hed
m
ore
tha
n
120
pape
rs
in
r
ef
ere
ed
journ
al
s
a
nd
conf
er
ences
a
nd
h
as
superv
ise
d
38
MS
c and
P
hD t
hese
s.
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