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d
i
v
is
io
n
.
A
t
th
e
last
le
v
el,
ea
c
h
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
i
s
r
ep
r
ese
n
ted
b
y
a
p
o
in
t,
w
e
3
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
E
va
lu
a
tio
n
o
f
th
e
Med
ica
l
I
ma
g
e
C
o
mp
r
ess
io
n
u
s
in
g
W
a
ve
le
t P
a
ck
et
Tr
a
n
s
fo
r
m
.
..
(
I
s
ma
h
a
n
e
B
en
ya
h
ia
)
2141
lo
s
t
all
th
e
te
m
p
o
r
ar
y
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
th
e
n
w
e
h
a
v
e
p
u
r
el
y
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
d
ec
o
m
p
o
s
i
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
s
ig
n
al.
Fig
u
r
e
3
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
p
av
i
n
g
o
f
t
h
e
ti
m
e
-
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
p
la
n
e
f
o
r
a
s
i
g
n
al
x
f
o
r
ea
ch
lev
el
o
f
th
e
tr
ee
[
5
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
P
av
in
g
ti
m
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cies c
o
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
to
ea
ch
le
v
el
o
f
th
e
d
ec
o
m
p
o
s
itio
n
tr
ee
3.
WAVE
L
E
T
P
ACK
E
T
B
AS
E
B
in
ar
y
tr
ee
d
ec
o
m
p
o
s
itio
n
wav
elet
p
ac
k
et
t
h
u
s
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
h
ig
h
l
y
r
ed
u
n
d
an
t
r
ep
r
esen
ta
t
io
n
o
f
t
h
e
s
ig
n
al.
I
f
o
n
e
w
a
n
ts
to
w
o
r
k
w
it
h
a
n
o
n
-
r
ed
u
n
d
an
t
r
ep
r
ese
n
t
atio
n
,
h
e
h
as
to
c
h
o
o
s
e
a
p
ac
k
et
-
b
ased
th
at
i
s
to
s
a
y
a
s
et
o
f
n
o
d
es
in
th
e
tr
ee
w
h
o
s
e
p
r
o
j
ec
tio
n
in
th
e
ti
m
e
-
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
s
p
ac
e
f
o
r
m
s
a
p
ar
titi
o
n
.
T
h
is
is
d
er
iv
ed
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
n
o
tio
n
o
f
elig
ib
le
tr
ee
.
A
q
u
ali
f
ied
tr
ee
is
co
m
p
o
s
ed
o
f
n
o
d
es
w
ith
0
o
r
2
s
tr
in
g
s
;
t
h
e
b
ase
w
i
ll
co
n
s
is
t o
f
all
n
o
d
es
w
i
th
n
o
s
tr
in
g
.
C
o
n
s
id
er
in
g
th
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
d
i
v
is
io
n
i
n
d
u
ce
d
d
ec
o
m
p
o
s
it
io
n
w
a
v
elet
p
ac
k
et
th
is
g
o
es b
ac
k
to
co
v
er
th
e
f
r
e
q
u
en
c
y
a
x
i
s
w
it
h
o
u
t o
v
er
lap
p
i
n
g
.
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
E
x
a
m
p
les o
f
w
av
ele
t
p
ac
k
et
b
ases
an
d
p
av
i
n
g
t
i
m
e
f
r
eq
u
en
c
ies co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
F
ig
u
r
e
4
s
h
o
w
s
t
w
o
e
x
a
m
p
le
s
o
f
w
a
v
elet
p
ac
k
e
t
b
ases
.
T
h
e
n
o
d
es
s
elec
ted
in
t
h
e
b
asic
c
o
n
s
tit
u
tio
n
ar
e
s
u
r
r
o
u
n
d
ed
b
y
s
q
u
ar
es.
W
e
s
ee
t
h
at
if
w
e
p
r
u
n
e
th
e
tr
ee
s
at
t
h
e
s
e
lecte
d
n
o
d
es,
e
lig
ib
le
tr
ee
s
ar
e
o
b
tain
ed
.
T
h
e
s
elec
ted
p
ac
k
ag
e
s
ca
n
f
o
r
m
a
p
ar
titi
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
ax
is
(
h
o
r
izo
n
tal
o
n
t
h
e
tr
ee
)
.
T
h
e
p
av
in
g
o
f
t
h
e
ti
m
e
-
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
i
n
d
u
ce
d
b
y
t
h
e
f
o
u
n
d
atio
n
is
s
h
o
w
n
f
o
r
a
s
i
g
n
al
x
[
6
]
.
T
h
e
p
ac
k
et
-
b
ased
w
a
v
elet
d
ec
o
m
p
o
s
i
tio
n
f
r
o
m
th
e
p
r
in
cip
le
o
f
th
e
A
MR,
w
e
ca
n
r
ec
o
n
s
tr
u
ct
th
e
s
ig
n
al
u
s
i
n
g
r
ec
o
n
s
tr
u
c
tio
n
f
i
lter
s
ass
o
ciate
d
w
it
h
d
ec
o
m
p
o
s
itio
n
f
ilter
s
.
I
f
is
th
e
d
u
al
b
asis
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
ass
o
ciate
d
w
ith
,
an
d
B
is
th
e
s
et
o
f
in
d
ices {
j
,
m
}
s
elec
ted
n
o
d
es
in
a
p
ac
k
et
w
av
ele
t b
asis
[
4
]
,
th
en
(
)
∑
*
+
∑
(
)
⁄
(
)
(
2
)
4.
G
E
NE
R
AL
I
Z
A
T
I
O
N
T
O
I
M
AG
E
S
T
h
e
d
ec
o
m
p
o
s
itio
n
o
f
an
i
m
ag
e
o
n
a
w
av
e
let
p
ac
k
et
b
ase
f
o
llo
w
s
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
p
r
in
c
ip
le
as
th
e
d
ec
o
m
p
o
s
itio
n
o
f
a
o
n
e
-
d
i
m
en
s
io
n
al
s
i
g
n
al.
W
e
g
e
n
er
alize
t
h
e
w
a
v
elet
d
ec
o
m
p
o
s
i
tio
n
al
g
o
r
ith
m
f
i
lter
in
g
a
n
d
d
ec
i
m
ati
n
g
co
e
f
f
icie
n
ts
d
etail
s
an
d
ap
p
r
o
x
i
m
atio
n
s
.
I
n
t
h
e
c
a
s
e
o
f
i
m
a
g
es
ar
e
ac
t
o
n
t
h
e
l
in
es
an
d
co
l
u
m
n
s
,
it
w
il
l th
e
n
q
u
ad
tr
ee
d
ec
o
m
p
o
s
it
io
n
w
av
elet
p
ac
k
ets r
ep
r
esen
te
d
b
y
t
h
e
F
i
g
u
r
e
5
.
R
ep
r
esen
tat
io
n
in
t
h
e
Q
u
ater
n
ar
y
w
a
v
elet
p
ac
k
e
t,
ea
ch
p
ac
k
et
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
to
a
n
o
d
e
o
f
th
e
tr
ee
co
n
tai
n
s
in
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
r
e
g
a
r
d
in
g
t
h
e
w
h
o
le
i
m
ag
e
in
t
h
e
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
b
an
d
i
n
d
ex
ed
b
y
(
i;
j
)
an
d
w
h
o
s
e
s
ize
i
s
d
eter
m
in
ed
b
y
th
e
r
eso
l
u
tio
n
l
ev
el
P
.
T
h
e
co
ef
f
icie
n
ts
o
f
t
h
e
p
ac
k
et
ar
e
r
ated
(
k
,
l)
.
T
h
is
d
ec
o
m
p
o
s
i
tio
n
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
8
,
No
.
4
,
A
u
g
u
s
t 2
0
1
8
:
2
1
3
9
–
2
1
4
7
2142
ca
n
b
e
i
n
ter
p
r
eted
as
t
h
e
d
ec
o
m
p
o
s
itio
n
i
n
to
s
u
b
-
b
a
n
d
s
o
f
t
h
e
i
m
a
g
e,
w
it
h
in
c
r
ea
s
in
g
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
r
eso
lu
tio
n
s
[
7
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
Qu
ad
tr
ee
d
ec
o
m
p
o
s
it
io
n
w
av
elet
p
ac
k
et
5.
T
H
E
E
NCO
DIN
G
A
L
G
O
RI
T
H
M
SPIH
T
(
SE
T
P
AR
T
I
T
I
O
NIN
G
I
N
H
I
E
RA
RCH
I
C
AL
T
R
E
E
)
T
h
e
SP
I
H
T
alg
o
r
ith
m
[
8
]
in
v
o
lv
es a
lis
t o
f
in
s
i
g
n
i
f
ica
n
t
s
ets
(
L
SP
)
,
a
lis
t o
f
i
n
s
ig
n
i
f
ica
n
t c
o
ef
f
icie
n
t
s
(
L
I
S)
an
d
a
li
s
t
o
f
s
i
g
n
i
f
ican
t
co
ef
f
icie
n
ts
(
L
I
P
)
.
I
n
t
h
is
w
o
r
k
w
e
ap
p
lied
t
h
e
m
o
d
i
f
ie
d
SP
I
HT
alg
o
r
ith
m
w
h
ic
h
is
t
h
e
m
o
s
t
ad
ap
ted
w
ith
w
a
v
elet
p
ac
k
et
s
[
9
]
.
T
h
e
m
o
d
i
f
ied
SP
I
HT
h
as
th
e
s
a
m
e
p
r
in
cip
le
as
th
e
SP
I
HT
en
co
d
er
;
s
o
f
o
r
ea
s
ier
r
ep
r
esen
tatio
n
,
t
h
e
en
tire
s
u
b
-
b
an
d
is
tr
ea
ted
as
a
n
o
d
e
in
a
w
a
v
elet
tr
ee
.
T
h
e
d
ec
o
m
p
o
s
itio
n
lev
el
o
f
a
ce
r
t
ain
s
u
b
-
b
an
d
is
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
as
t
h
at
o
f
th
e
d
y
ad
ic
w
a
v
elet
d
ec
o
m
p
o
s
i
tio
n
s
u
b
b
an
d
f
r
o
m
w
h
ic
h
it
i
s
o
b
tain
ed
b
y
f
u
r
th
er
d
ec
o
m
p
o
s
itio
n
(
i.e
.
th
e
s
a
m
e
le
v
el
d
o
es
n
o
t
i
m
p
l
y
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
s
ca
le
-
j
u
s
t
th
e
s
a
m
e
p
o
s
itio
n
o
n
a
d
y
ad
ic
w
a
v
elet
tr
ee
)
.
T
h
e
n
atu
r
al
p
ar
en
t
(
NP
)
is
a
s
u
b
b
an
d
w
h
o
s
e
c
h
ild
is
o
n
th
e
n
ex
t
f
in
er
s
ca
le
a
n
d
a
f
ter
lo
wer
w
a
v
ele
t
d
ec
o
m
p
o
s
itio
n
tr
ee
lev
el.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
a
NP
'
s
ch
ild
m
u
s
t
h
a
v
e
th
e
s
a
m
e
r
elativ
e
p
o
s
itio
n
as
NP
,
if
a
r
elativ
e
s
u
b
b
an
d
p
o
s
itio
n
is
d
ef
i
n
ed
f
o
r
th
e
d
y
ad
ic
s
u
b
b
an
d
f
r
o
m
w
h
ic
h
it
is
o
b
tain
ed
b
y
f
u
r
t
h
e
r
d
ec
o
m
p
o
s
itio
n
.
Fo
r
ex
a
m
p
le,
ea
c
h
o
f
t
h
e
c
h
i
ld
r
en
o
f
T
3
in
F
i
g
u
r
e
6
h
a
s
a
c
h
ild
w
h
o
i
s
i
n
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
r
elati
v
e
p
o
s
itio
n
.
An
d
j
u
s
t
to
b
e
m
e
n
tio
n
ed
,
all
p
ar
en
ts
in
d
y
ad
ic
w
a
v
elet
d
ec
o
m
p
o
s
itio
n
s
ar
e
n
atu
r
al.
W
ith
r
eg
u
lar
ze
r
o
tr
ee
s
,
as
in
SP
I
H
T
,
ea
ch
p
ar
en
t
co
e
f
f
icien
t
h
a
s
f
o
u
r
o
f
i
ts
c
h
ild
r
en
o
n
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
s
p
atial
lo
ca
tio
n
a
n
d
i
m
m
ed
iat
el
y
at
t
h
e
n
e
x
t
lo
w
er
lev
el
o
f
t
h
e
tr
ee
.
I
n
w
av
ele
t
d
ec
o
m
p
o
s
i
tio
n
tr
ee
s
,
t
h
e
p
ar
en
t
-
ch
ild
allo
ca
tio
n
is
co
m
p
licat
ed
b
y
t
h
e
f
ac
t
th
at
th
er
e
m
a
y
b
e
d
if
f
er
en
t scale
d
i
f
f
er
en
ce
s
b
et
w
ee
n
th
e
s
u
b
b
an
d
s
o
n
th
e
ad
j
ac
en
t le
v
el
s
[
1
0
]
.
Fo
u
r
d
if
f
er
en
t
ca
s
es
o
f
i
n
ter
-
l
ev
el
d
ep
en
d
en
cie
s
ar
e
o
r
g
an
iz
ed
.
A
ll
s
u
b
b
an
d
s
o
f
t
h
e
n
ex
t
l
o
w
er
le
v
el
ar
e
ca
lled
ch
ild
s
u
b
b
an
d
s
h
er
e
,
alth
o
u
g
h
w
h
en
p
ar
en
tal
co
n
f
licts
ar
e
r
eso
l
v
ed
,
th
e
tr
u
e
p
ar
en
t
ca
n
b
e
f
o
u
n
d
in
s
o
m
e
h
ig
h
er
lev
el.
a.
Su
b
b
an
d
h
as
w
it
h
i
n
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
r
elativ
e
p
o
s
it
io
n
c
h
ild
s
u
b
b
an
d
s
w
h
ich
ar
e
o
n
a
co
ar
s
er
s
ca
l
e,
as
it
o
cc
u
r
r
ed
in
th
e
s
u
b
tr
ee
o
f
T
2
.
b.
Su
b
b
an
d
h
as
w
it
h
i
n
th
e
s
a
m
e
r
elativ
e
p
o
s
itio
n
ch
ild
s
u
b
b
a
n
d
th
at
is
o
n
th
e
s
a
m
e
s
ca
le,
as
it
o
cc
u
r
r
ed
in
th
e
s
u
b
tr
ee
o
f
T
2
.
c.
Natu
r
al
p
ar
en
t
-
c
h
ild
r
elatio
n
-
s
u
b
b
an
d
h
as
w
it
h
i
n
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
r
elativ
e
p
o
s
itio
n
c
h
ild
s
u
b
b
an
d
th
at
is
o
n
a
n
ex
t
f
i
n
er
s
ca
le,
as it o
cc
u
r
r
ed
in
th
e
s
u
b
tr
ee
o
f
T
3
.
d.
Su
b
b
an
d
'
s
r
elat
iv
e
p
o
s
i
tio
n
o
v
er
lap
s
w
ith
th
e
r
elati
v
e
p
o
s
iti
o
n
o
f
a
c
h
ild
s
u
b
b
an
d
t
h
at
is
o
n
a
s
ca
le
m
o
r
e
th
an
o
n
e
lev
el
f
i
n
er
,
as it o
cc
u
r
r
ed
in
th
e
s
u
b
tr
ee
o
f
T
3
.
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
SP
I
H
T
p
ac
k
et
w
av
el
et
alg
o
r
ith
m
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
E
va
lu
a
tio
n
o
f
th
e
Med
ica
l
I
ma
g
e
C
o
mp
r
ess
io
n
u
s
in
g
W
a
ve
le
t P
a
ck
et
Tr
a
n
s
fo
r
m
.
..
(
I
s
ma
h
a
n
e
B
en
ya
h
ia
)
2143
6.
E
VA
L
UA
T
I
O
N
P
ARAM
E
T
E
RS
O
F
T
H
E
Q
U
AL
I
T
Y
T
h
e
co
m
m
o
n
l
y
p
ar
a
m
e
ter
u
s
e
d
in
i
m
ag
e
co
m
p
r
ess
io
n
is
th
e
m
ea
n
s
q
u
ar
e
er
r
o
r
MSE
.
T
h
is
v
ar
iab
le
(
er
r
o
r
)
is
d
ef
in
ed
b
y
t
h
e
m
ea
n
s
q
u
ar
e
b
et
w
ee
n
th
e
p
ix
e
l
j
i
,
o
f
th
e
o
r
ig
in
a
l
i
m
a
g
e
j
i
I
,
,
an
d
th
e
p
ix
el
j
i
,
o
f
th
e
r
ec
o
n
s
tr
u
cted
i
m
ag
e
j
i
I
,
[
1
1
]
,
[
1
2
]
.
1
0
1
0
2
,
,
1
M
m
N
n
j
i
I
j
i
I
N
M
M
S
E
(
3
)
T
h
e
p
ea
k
s
ig
n
a
l
to
n
o
is
e
r
atio
is
g
i
v
e
n
b
y
[
1
3
]
,
[
1
4
]
:
dB
M
S
E
P
S
N
R
R
2
10
1
2
l
o
g
10
(
4
)
W
e
th
en
ev
al
u
ate
a
n
e
w
p
ar
ad
ig
m
f
o
r
ass
es
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
q
u
alit
y
o
f
m
ed
ical
i
m
a
g
e
s
,
th
e
s
i
m
ilar
it
y
in
d
e
x
co
m
p
ar
es
th
e
b
r
ig
h
tn
e
s
s
,
co
n
tr
ast,
a
n
d
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
b
et
w
ee
n
ea
c
h
p
air
o
f
v
ec
to
r
s
,
w
h
er
e
th
e
in
d
e
x
o
f
s
tr
u
ctu
r
al
s
i
m
ilar
it
y
(
SS
I
M)
b
et
w
ee
n
t
w
o
s
ig
n
al
s
x
an
d
y
is
g
iv
e
n
b
y
t
h
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
:
y
x
s
y
x
c
y
x
l
y
x
S
S
I
M
,
,
,
,
Fin
all
y
,
w
e
n
ee
d
a
s
i
n
g
le
g
lo
b
al
m
ea
s
u
r
e
o
f
o
v
er
all
i
m
a
g
e
q
u
alit
y
th
a
t is
g
iv
e
n
b
y
t
h
e
f
o
r
m
u
la
[
1
5
]
,
[
1
6
]
:
M
i
i
i
I
I
S
S
I
M
M
I
I
M
S
S
I
M
1
ˆ
,
1
ˆ
,
(
5
)
M
is
th
e
to
tal
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
lo
ca
l
w
i
n
d
o
w
s
i
n
th
e
i
m
a
g
e.
T
h
e
v
alu
es
MS
SIM
ex
h
ib
it
g
r
ea
ter
c
o
n
s
is
ten
c
y
w
it
h
th
e
v
is
u
al
q
u
alit
y
[
1
7
]
.
T
h
e
V
is
u
al
I
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
f
id
elit
y
p
ar
a
m
eter
(
VI
F)
q
u
an
tifie
s
Sh
a
n
n
o
n
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
t
h
at
is
s
h
ar
ed
b
et
w
ee
n
th
e
r
e
f
er
en
ce
an
d
d
is
to
r
ted
i
m
a
g
es
w
it
h
r
es
p
ec
t
to
th
e
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
co
n
tai
n
ed
in
th
e
r
e
f
er
en
c
e
i
m
a
g
e
its
el
f
[
1
8
]
.
VI
F test is
t
h
en
e
v
al
u
ated
as
:
∑
(
)
∑
(
)
(
6
)
w
h
er
e,
I
(
X;Y
/
Z
)
i
s
t
h
e
co
n
d
it
io
n
al
m
u
t
u
al
in
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
b
et
wee
n
X
a
n
d
Y,
co
n
d
itio
n
ed
to
Z
; s
j
is
a
r
ea
lizatio
n
o
f
S
j
f
o
r
a
p
ar
ticu
lar
i
m
a
g
e,
th
e
in
d
ex
j
r
u
n
s
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
al
l su
b
-
b
an
d
s
in
t
h
e
d
ec
o
m
p
o
s
ed
i
m
a
g
e
[
1
9
]
.
7.
RE
SU
L
T
S
AND
AN
AL
Y
SI
S
I
n
th
i
s
w
o
r
k
,
w
e
ar
e
in
ter
es
t
ed
in
th
e
co
m
p
r
ess
io
n
o
f
m
e
d
ical
i
m
ag
e
b
y
t
h
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
ed
w
av
elet
p
ac
k
et
(
P
W
T
)
co
u
p
led
to
th
e
co
d
er
SP
I
H
T
.
Fo
r
th
is
,
w
e
h
av
e
a
M
R
I
i
m
a
g
e
o
f
a
b
r
ain
(
ax
ial)
[
2
0
]
,
o
f
s
ize
512×
5
1
2
(
g
r
ay
s
ca
le)
e
n
co
d
ed
o
n
8
b
p
p
r
ec
o
r
d
e
d
th
r
o
u
g
h
a
n
MRI
s
ca
n
n
er
.
W
e
v
ar
y
t
h
e
b
it
r
ate
(
R
c)
o
f
0
.
1
2
5
to
2
b
p
p
an
d
ca
lcu
late
t
h
e
e
v
alu
atio
n
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
Si
m
u
latio
n
r
es
u
lt
s
o
f
t
h
e
ap
p
lied
alg
o
r
i
th
m
i
s
ill
u
s
tr
ated
in
th
e
F
ig
u
r
e
7
.
Fro
m
F
i
g
u
r
e
7
w
e
n
o
te
t
h
at
th
e
ap
p
lied
al
g
o
r
ith
m
p
r
o
v
id
es
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
v
a
l
u
e
s
o
f
P
SN
R
,
MS
SIM
an
d
VI
F f
o
r
a
b
it r
ate
o
f
0
.
5
b
p
p
.
T
o
b
etter
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ate
t
h
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
n
ess
a
n
d
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
ap
p
l
y
i
n
g
P
W
T
in
th
e
m
ed
ic
al
f
ield
,
w
e
w
il
l
n
o
w
m
a
k
e
a
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
b
et
w
ee
n
d
i
f
f
er
en
t
t
y
p
es
o
f
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
ed
DW
T
an
d
P
W
T
co
u
p
led
w
it
h
t
h
e
en
co
d
er
P
r
o
g
r
ess
iv
e
SP
I
HT
th
e
li
f
t
in
g
s
tr
u
c
tu
r
e
[
2
1
]
,
[
2
2
]
.
Fo
r
t
h
is
,
w
e
c
h
o
s
e
th
e
s
a
m
e
p
ictu
r
e
M
R
I
o
f
t
h
e
F
ig
u
r
e
7
wi
t
h
a
lev
el
o
f
d
ec
o
m
p
o
s
itio
n
N=
4
w
e
v
ar
y
th
e
b
it
r
ate
f
r
o
m
0
.
1
2
5
to
2
an
d
ca
lcu
late
t
h
e
e
v
al
u
atio
n
p
ar
am
eter
s
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
ar
e
g
i
v
en
i
n
F
i
g
u
r
e
8
.
To
illu
s
tr
ate
th
e
e
f
f
ec
tiv
e
n
es
s
o
f
th
e
ap
p
lied
alg
o
r
ith
m
w
e
ap
p
lied
d
if
f
er
en
t
alg
o
r
it
h
m
s
m
en
tio
n
ed
p
r
ev
io
u
s
l
y
a
n
o
t
h
e
r
I
R
M2
m
ed
ical
i
m
ag
e
s
ize
5
1
2
×
5
1
2
(
g
r
ay
s
ca
le)
en
co
d
ed
o
n
8
b
p
p
.
W
e
v
ar
y
th
e
b
it
r
ate
o
f
0
.
1
2
5
to
2
an
d
ca
lcu
late
th
e
as
s
ess
m
e
n
t
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
.
T
h
e
r
es
u
lts
o
b
tain
ed
ar
e
g
i
v
en
i
n
T
ab
le
1
.
W
e
d
is
tin
g
u
is
h
th
at
f
r
o
m
a
b
it r
ate
o
f
0
.
5
b
p
p
w
e
o
b
tain
s
u
i
tab
le
v
al
u
es o
f
P
SNR
,
MS
SIM
an
d
FIV
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
8
,
No
.
4
,
A
u
g
u
s
t 2
0
1
8
:
2
1
3
9
–
2
1
4
7
2144
A
x
i
a
l
sl
i
c
e
o
f
b
r
a
i
n
(
I
mag
e
o
r
i
g
i
n
a
l
)
D
e
c
o
mp
o
si
t
i
o
n
b
y
t
h
e
t
r
a
n
sf
o
r
m w
a
v
e
l
e
t
p
a
c
k
e
t
s
(
a
)
R
c
=
0
.
1
2
5
b
p
p
;
M
S
S
I
M
=
0
.
7
8
;
V
I
F
=
0
.
2
7
;
P
S
N
R
=
2
4
.
8
1
d
B
(
b
)
R
c
=
0
.
2
5
b
p
p
;
M
S
S
I
M
=
0
.
8
8
;
V
I
F
=
0
.
4
2
;
P
S
N
R
=
3
0
.
6
9
d
B
(
c
)
R
c
=
0
.
5
b
p
p
;
M
S
S
I
M
=
0
.
9
5
;
V
I
F
=
0
.
6
8
;
P
S
N
R
=
3
8
.
2
4
d
B
(
d
)
R
c
=
0
.
7
5
b
p
p
;
M
S
S
I
M
=
0
.
9
8
;
V
I
F
=
0
.
8
0
;
P
S
N
R
=
4
3
.
1
4
d
B
(
e
)
R
c
=
1
b
p
p
;
M
S
S
I
M
=
0
.
9
9
;
V
I
F
=
0
.
8
8
;
P
S
N
R
=
4
6
.
6
3
d
B
(
f
)
R
c
=
2
b
p
p
;
M
S
S
I
M
=
1
;
V
I
F
=
0
.
9
8
;
P
S
N
R
=
5
5
.
1
9
d
B
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
MRI
i
m
a
g
e
co
m
p
r
es
s
io
n
b
y
C
DF9
/7
(
P
W
T
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to
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a
n
k
th
e
E
d
ito
r
an
d
an
o
n
y
m
o
u
s
r
ev
ie
w
er
s
f
o
r
th
eir
co
m
m
e
n
ts
a
n
d
s
u
g
g
esti
o
n
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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2146
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
J.
T
a
q
u
e
t,
“
A
d
v
a
n
c
e
d
te
c
h
n
iq
u
e
s
f
o
r
th
e
c
o
m
p
re
ss
io
n
o
f
m
e
d
ica
l
ima
g
e
s,
”
Ph
D
T
h
e
sis
,
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
o
f
Re
n
n
e
s
1
,
F
ra
n
c
e
,
2
0
1
1
.
[2
]
A
.
M
a
n
o
u
ry
,
“
Tatto
o
in
g
o
f
wa
v
e
l
e
t
p
a
c
k
e
t
d
ig
it
a
l
im
a
g
e
s,
”
Ph
D t
h
e
sis
,
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
o
f
Na
n
tes
,
F
ra
n
c
e
,
2
0
0
1
.
[3
]
E.
Hitt
i,
“
S
e
lec
ti
o
n
o
f
a
n
o
p
ti
m
a
l
b
a
n
k
o
f
f
il
ters
f
ro
m
a
d
e
c
o
m
p
o
siti
o
n
in
to
w
a
v
e
let
p
a
c
k
e
ts.
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
to
f
re
q
u
e
n
c
y
ju
m
p
g
d
e
tec
ti
o
n
in
m
u
l
ti
c
o
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
sig
n
a
ls,
”
P
h
D t
h
e
sis
,
Un
iv
e
rsity
o
f
Na
n
tes
,
F
ra
n
c
e
,
1
9
9
9
.
[4
]
G
.
S
tran
g
,
“
W
a
v
e
let
a
n
d
f
il
ter b
a
n
k,
”
W
e
ll
e
sle
y
Ca
mb
rid
g
e
Pre
ss
,
1
9
9
6
.
[5
]
A
.
M
u
n
tas
a
,
I
.
A
.
S
iraju
d
in
,
M
.
H
.
P
u
rn
o
m
o
,
“
A
p
p
e
a
ra
n
c
e
g
lo
b
a
l
a
n
d
l
o
c
a
l
stru
c
tu
re
f
u
sio
n
f
o
r
f
a
c
e
i
m
a
g
e
re
c
o
g
n
it
io
n
”
,
T
EL
KOM
NIKA
(
T
e
lec
o
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
,
Co
mp
u
ti
n
g
,
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
C
o
n
tr
o
l)
,
2
0
1
1
,
v
o
l.
9
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
1
2
5
-
13
2
.
[6
]
A
.
Ha
z
a
ra
th
a
iah
a
n
d
B.
P
.
Ra
o
,
“
M
e
d
ica
l
Im
a
g
e
Co
m
p
re
ss
io
n
u
si
n
g
L
if
ti
n
g
b
a
se
d
Ne
w
Wav
e
l
e
t
T
ra
n
s
f
o
r
m
s,
”
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
E
lec
trica
l
a
n
d
C
o
mp
u
ter
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
(
IJ
ECE
)
,
v
ol
.
4
,
n
o
.
5
,
p
p
.
7
4
1
-
7
5
0
,
2
0
1
4
.
[7
]
A
.
Zi
to
u
n
i,
“
W
a
v
e
lets
a
n
d
Dig
it
a
l
I
m
a
g
e
Co
m
p
re
ss
io
n
T
e
c
h
n
iq
u
e
s,
”
Ph
D
T
h
e
sis
,
Un
iv
e
rsity
M
o
h
a
m
e
d
Kh
id
e
r
Bisk
ra
,
A
l
g
e
ria,
2
0
1
3
.
[8
]
S
.
Nirm
a
lRaj,
“
S
P
IHT
:
A
S
e
t
P
a
r
ti
ti
o
n
in
g
i
n
Hie
ra
rc
h
ica
l
T
re
e
s
A
l
g
o
rit
h
m
f
o
r
Im
a
g
e
Co
m
p
re
ss
io
n
,
”
Co
n
tem
p
o
ra
r
y
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
S
c
ien
c
e
s
, v
ol
.
8
,
n
o
.
6
,
p
p
.
2
6
3
-
2
7
0
,
2
0
1
5
.
[9
]
M
.
Be
lad
g
h
a
m
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
I
m
p
ro
v
in
g
Qu
a
li
ty
o
f
M
e
d
ica
l
I
m
a
g
e
Co
m
p
re
ss
io
n
Us
in
g
Bio
rth
o
g
o
n
a
l
CDF
W
a
v
e
let
Ba
se
d
o
n
L
if
ti
n
g
S
c
h
e
m
e
a
n
d
S
P
IHT
Co
d
in
g
,
”
S
e
rb
ia
n
jo
u
rn
a
l
o
f
e
lec
trica
l
e
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
v
o
l
.
8
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
1
6
3
-
1
7
9
,
2
0
1
1
.
[1
0
]
N
.
S
p
rlj
a
n
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
M
o
d
if
ied
S
p
i
h
t
A
lg
o
rit
h
m
F
o
r
Wav
e
let
P
a
c
k
e
t
I
m
a
g
e
Co
d
in
g,
”
IEE
E
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
S
y
mp
o
siu
m
o
n
V
id
e
o
&
ima
g
e
Pro
c
e
ss
in
g
a
n
d
M
u
lt
ime
d
i
a
C
o
mm
u
n
ic
a
ti
o
n
s
,
C
ro
a
ti
a
,
p
p
.
1
6
-
1
9
,
2
0
0
2
.
[1
1
]
C.
J.
Re
n
o
h
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
Cu
rv
e
let
T
r
a
n
sf
o
r
m
b
a
se
d
R
e
ti
n
a
l
Im
a
g
e
A
n
a
l
y
sis,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
a
n
d
Co
mp
u
ter
E
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
(
IJ
ECE
)
,
v
o
l
.
3
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
3
6
6
-
3
7
1
,
2
0
1
3
.
[1
2
]
M
.
Be
lad
g
h
a
m
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
A
Co
m
p
a
ra
ti
v
e
S
tu
d
y
b
e
t
w
e
e
n
Ba
n
d
e
let
a
n
d
W
a
v
e
let
T
ra
n
s
f
o
rm
Co
u
p
led
b
y
EZ
W
a
n
d
S
P
IHT
Co
d
e
r
f
o
r
Im
a
g
e
Co
m
p
re
s
sio
n
,
”
I
n
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
I
ma
g
e
,
Gr
a
p
h
ics
a
n
d
S
i
g
n
a
l
Pr
o
c
e
ss
in
g
(
IJ
IGS
P)
,
v
o
l
.
5
,
n
o
.
1
2
,
2
0
1
3
.
[1
3
]
M
.
Be
lad
g
h
a
m
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
M
e
d
ica
l
Im
a
g
e
Co
m
p
re
ss
io
n
Us
in
g
Qu
in
c
u
n
x
W
a
v
e
lets
a
n
d
S
P
IHT
Co
d
i
n
g
,
”
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
&
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
, v
ol
.
7
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
2
6
4
-
2
7
2
,
2
0
1
2
.
[1
4
]
L
.
Zh
a
n
g
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
F
S
I
M
:
A
f
e
a
tu
re
si
m
il
a
rit
y
in
d
e
x
f
o
r
ima
g
e
q
u
a
li
ty
a
ss
e
ss
m
e
n
t,
”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
Ima
g
e
Pro
c
e
ss
in
g
,
v
o
l
.
2
0
,
p
p
.
2
3
7
8
-
2
3
8
6
,
2
0
1
1
.
[1
5
]
C
.
J.
Re
n
o
h
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
Cu
rv
e
let
T
r
a
n
sf
o
r
m
b
a
se
d
R
e
ti
n
a
l
Im
a
g
e
A
n
a
l
y
sis,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
a
n
d
Co
mp
u
ter
E
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
(
IJ
ECE
)
,
v
o
l
.
3
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
3
6
6
-
3
7
1
,
2
0
1
3
.
[1
6
]
E.
Du
m
ic
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
Ne
w
i
m
a
g
e
-
q
u
a
li
ty
m
e
a
su
re
b
a
se
d
o
n
w
a
v
e
lets,
”
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
tro
n
ic
Ima
g
i
n
g
,
v
o
l
.
19
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
1
1
-
1
8
,
2
0
1
0
.
[1
7
]
Y.
Ha
b
c
h
i
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
RG
B
M
e
d
i
c
a
l
V
id
e
o
Co
m
p
re
ss
io
n
Us
i
n
g
G
e
o
m
e
tri
c
W
a
v
e
let,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
a
n
d
C
o
mp
u
ter
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
(
IJ
ECE
)
,
v
ol
.
6
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
1
6
2
7
-
1
6
3
6
,
2
0
1
6
.
[1
8
]
A
.
K.
M
o
o
rth
y
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
V
isu
a
l
P
e
rc
e
p
ti
o
n
a
n
d
Qu
a
li
ty
a
ss
e
ss
m
e
n
t,
”
Op
ti
c
a
l
a
n
d
d
ig
i
ta
l
ima
g
e
p
ro
c
e
ss
in
g
,
C
h
a
p
.
1
9
,
W
il
e
y
,
2
0
1
0
.
[1
9
]
Z.
W
a
n
g
a
n
d
Q.
L
I,
“
In
f
o
r
m
a
ti
o
n
Co
n
ten
t
W
e
ig
h
ti
n
g
f
o
r
P
e
rc
e
p
t
u
a
l
Im
a
g
e
Qu
a
li
t
y
As
se
ss
m
e
n
t,
”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
Ima
g
e
Pro
c
e
ss
in
g
,
v
o
l
.
20
,
n
o
.
5
,
p
p
.
1
1
8
5
-
1
1
9
8
,
2
0
1
1
.
[2
0
]
ww
w
.
g
e
h
e
a
lt
h
c
a
re
.
c
o
m
(d
a
tab
a
se
).
[2
1
]
M
.
Be
lad
g
h
a
m
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
M
RI
ima
g
e
c
o
m
p
re
ss
io
n
u
sin
g
b
i
o
rth
o
g
o
n
a
l
CDF
w
a
v
e
let
b
a
se
d
o
n
li
f
ti
n
g
sc
h
e
m
e
a
n
d
S
P
IHT
c
o
d
in
g
,
”
I
n
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
El
e
c
t
ric
a
l
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
(
CIGE’1
0
),
Pro
c
e
e
d
in
g
s
o
f
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
S
c
ien
ti
fi
c
Res
e
a
rc
h
,
v
o
l.
2
,
p
p
.
2
2
5
-
2
3
2
,
2
0
1
0
.
[2
2
]
M
.
Be
lad
g
h
a
m
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
Ne
w
Co
n
tri
b
u
ti
o
n
o
n
Co
m
p
re
ss
io
n
Co
lo
r
I
m
a
g
e
s:
A
n
a
l
y
sis
a
n
d
S
y
n
th
e
si
s
f
o
r
T
e
le
m
e
d
icin
e
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
I
n
fo
rm
a
ti
o
n
E
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
El
e
c
tro
n
ic
Bu
si
n
e
ss
(
IJ
IEE
B)
,
v
o
l
.
6
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
2
8
-
3
4
,
2
0
1
4
.
[2
3
]
ww
w
.
g
e
m
e
d
ica
ls
y
ste
m
.
c
o
m
(d
a
tab
a
se
).
B
I
O
G
RAP
H
I
E
S
O
F
AUTH
O
RS
Is
m
a
h
a
n
e
B
e
n
y
a
h
ia
w
a
s
b
o
rn
i
n
Be
c
h
a
r,
A
lg
e
ria.
S
h
e
re
c
e
iv
e
d
th
e
d
ip
l
.
El
-
In
g
f
ro
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