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r
atio
n
is
a
m
eth
o
d
r
eq
u
ir
ed
to
ass
ess
th
e
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
d
esig
n
alter
n
ativ
e
s
f
o
r
u
tili
z
i
n
g
t
h
e
i
m
m
e
n
s
e
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
av
ailab
le
in
MP
So
C
ef
f
icie
n
tl
y
.
A
s
o
l
u
t
io
n
is
d
e
v
elo
p
ed
f
o
r
th
e
f
aster
r
esu
l
t
s
i
m
u
latio
n
an
d
ca
lcu
latio
n
o
f
t
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
c
h
ar
ac
ter
is
tic
o
f
MP
So
C
w
h
ic
h
r
ed
u
ce
s
th
e
ti
m
e,
an
d
w
i
th
in
t
h
e
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e
o
f
T
r
an
s
ac
tio
n
-
lev
e
l
m
o
d
eli
n
g
,
a
u
n
iq
u
e
w
a
y
o
f
d
ef
in
i
n
g
th
e
P
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
er
'
s
V
ie
w
le
v
el
i
s
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
b
y
t
w
o
co
m
p
le
m
en
tar
y
m
o
d
eli
n
g
s
u
b
lev
el
s
[
6
]
.
T
h
e
tech
n
iq
u
e
o
f
ad
o
p
tin
g
a
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
b
ased
o
n
h
ig
h
-
le
v
el
p
o
w
er
ca
lc
u
latio
n
o
f
MP
So
C
ar
ch
itectu
r
es
w
o
r
k
i
n
g
u
p
o
n
FP
GA
i
s
ca
lled
as
ev
en
t
s
i
g
n
at
u
r
es,
an
d
it
o
p
er
ates
o
n
th
e
p
r
in
cip
le
o
f
ab
s
tr
ac
t
ex
ec
u
tio
n
p
r
o
f
iles
.
T
o
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
q
u
ic
k
v
alid
atio
n
o
f
th
e
h
i
g
h
-
le
v
el
p
o
w
er
m
o
d
els
w
h
e
n
co
m
p
ar
e
d
to
th
e
o
f
t
h
e
MP
So
C
i
m
p
le
m
en
t
atio
n
s
o
n
FP
GA
,
Dae
d
alu
s
i
s
an
e
n
tire
l
y
i
n
te
g
r
ated
to
o
l
-
f
lo
w
in
w
h
ic
h
s
y
s
te
m
-
lev
el
s
y
n
th
e
s
is
a
n
d
FP
GA
p
r
o
to
t
y
p
in
g
ar
e
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
[
7
]
.
A
h
ig
h
-
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
FP
G
A
im
p
le
m
e
n
tat
io
n
o
f
an
o
p
er
ato
r
is
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
.
I
t
is
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
ed
b
y
m
a
p
p
in
g
tech
n
iq
u
e
o
f
p
o
ly
n
o
m
ial
s
w
h
ic
h
ar
e
p
ix
el
v
al
u
e
ad
ap
tab
le.
T
h
e
Dr
ag
o
o
p
er
ato
r
is
s
u
itab
le
f
o
r
th
e
o
p
er
atio
n
o
f
h
i
g
h
-
f
r
a
m
e
-
r
ate
a
n
d
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
r
eso
u
r
ce
-
ef
f
ic
ien
t
FP
G
A
ex
ec
u
t
io
n
[
8
]
.
Sectio
n
1
.
1
d
is
cu
s
s
es t
h
e
b
ac
k
g
r
o
u
n
d
o
f
t
h
e
e
x
is
t
in
g
w
o
r
k
r
ev
ie
w
ed
f
o
llo
w
e
d
b
y
f
o
r
eg
r
o
u
n
d
i
n
g
th
e
r
esear
ch
p
r
o
b
le
m
s
id
en
t
if
ied
in
Sectio
n
1
.
2
an
d
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
o
lu
tio
n
i
n
1
.
3
Sectio
n
2
d
ea
ls
w
it
h
cu
r
r
en
t
r
esear
ch
m
et
h
o
d
o
lo
g
ies
m
o
s
t
o
f
ten
ad
o
p
ted
w
h
ich
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
p
r
esen
ted
to
in
cr
ea
s
e
t
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
e
f
f
icie
n
c
y
o
f
th
e
i
m
ag
e
e
n
h
an
ce
m
e
n
t
s
y
s
te
m
.
Sectio
n
3
d
is
cu
s
s
es
t
h
e
r
e
s
ea
r
ch
g
ap
.
E
x
is
ti
n
g
r
esear
ch
tr
en
d
s
h
i
g
h
li
g
h
t
in
g
th
e
m
o
d
els
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
ar
e
m
e
n
tio
n
ed
i
n
s
ec
tio
n
3
.
1
.
Sectio
n
4
h
ig
h
li
g
h
ts
t
h
e
f
u
t
u
r
e
s
co
p
e
o
f
th
e
ev
o
lv
i
n
g
tr
en
d
s
in
i
m
a
g
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
.
Fi
n
all
y
,
Sectio
n
6
h
a
s
th
e
co
n
clu
s
io
n
b
r
ief
ed
o
n
it.
1
.
1
.
B
a
ck
g
ro
un
d
T
h
is
s
ec
tio
n
d
is
c
u
s
s
es
t
h
e
b
ac
k
g
r
o
u
n
d
o
f
i
m
a
g
e
e
n
h
a
n
c
e
m
en
t.
T
h
e
s
u
r
v
e
illa
n
ce
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
u
s
i
n
g
E
lectro
-
Op
tica
l
(
E
O)
h
av
e
t
h
e
ca
p
ab
ilit
y
o
f
s
ea
r
ch
i
n
g
,
d
ete
ctin
g
,
tr
ac
k
in
g
an
d
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
t
h
e
p
o
ten
tial
tar
g
e
t
d
esig
n
atio
n
.
S
in
ce
a
n
is
s
u
e
is
p
o
s
ed
d
u
e
to
th
e
d
if
f
icu
lt
y
in
tar
g
et
d
etec
tin
g
a
n
d
d
etec
tio
n
o
f
it,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
o
lu
tio
n
w
o
u
ld
r
ed
u
ce
t
h
e
cl
u
t
ter
f
r
o
m
th
e
b
ac
k
g
r
o
u
n
d
an
d
a
t
m
o
s
p
h
er
ic
d
eg
r
ad
atio
n
[
9
]
.
T
h
e
e
n
h
a
n
ce
m
e
n
t
o
f
b
io
-
m
ed
ical
i
m
ag
e
s
th
at
d
etec
t
th
e
p
r
esen
ce
o
f
li
v
er
ca
n
ce
r
th
at
h
ap
p
en
s
to
b
e
w
o
r
ld
’
s
s
ix
t
h
m
o
s
t
co
m
m
o
n
tu
m
o
r
,
m
al
ig
n
a
n
t
is
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
b
y
co
m
p
ar
i
n
g
t
h
e
v
al
u
e
o
f
P
SNR
,
MSE
,
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
b
ased
o
n
co
n
tr
ast
s
tr
etch
i
n
g
,
i
m
a
g
e
h
is
to
g
r
a
m
,
s
h
o
ck
f
ilter
an
d
co
n
tr
as
t li
m
ite
d
ad
ap
tiv
e
h
is
to
g
r
a
m
eq
u
aliza
t
io
n
[
1
0
]
.
1
.
2
.
Resea
rc
h P
ro
ble
m
Du
e
to
t
h
e
g
r
o
w
t
h
a
n
d
d
e
m
a
n
d
o
f
co
s
t,
ef
f
icie
n
t
i
m
a
g
e
s
y
s
t
e
m
o
p
er
atin
g
w
it
h
a
m
i
n
i
m
al
a
m
o
u
n
t
o
f
p
o
w
er
lik
e
v
id
eo
ca
m
r
ec
o
r
d
er
,
P
C
ca
m
er
a,
a
n
d
d
ig
ital
ca
m
er
a
al
g
o
r
ith
m
i
m
p
lied
b
y
it
i
s
a
n
ec
es
s
it
y
.
A
l
g
o
r
ith
m
s
ap
p
lied
f
o
r
e
n
h
a
n
ce
m
e
n
t
ar
e
cr
itical
r
e
g
ar
d
in
g
co
n
s
tr
ain
ts
a
n
d
h
e
n
ce
to
m
ai
n
tai
n
t
h
e
i
m
a
g
e
ap
p
ea
r
ed
in
s
ig
n
al
p
r
o
ce
s
s
i
n
g
,
th
e
s
e
m
et
h
o
d
o
lo
g
ies
ar
e
u
tili
ze
d
.
Ser
ial
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
s
b
ein
g
d
ep
lo
y
ed
i
n
t
h
e
tr
ea
t
m
e
n
t
o
f
r
ea
l
-
ti
m
e
m
u
l
ti
m
ed
ia
i
m
a
g
e
m
a
n
ip
u
latio
n
is
p
r
o
b
lem
at
ic
w
ith
t
h
e
s
ize
o
f
a
p
ic
tu
r
e
h
av
in
g
a
h
ig
h
er
r
eso
lu
t
io
n
.
T
o
m
ak
e
t
h
e
i
m
a
g
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
s
y
s
te
m
w
o
r
k
e
f
f
icien
tl
y
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
t
h
e
h
ig
h
-
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
p
ar
am
eter
in
a
s
h
o
r
t
s
p
an
o
f
ti
m
e
is
a
d
e
m
an
d
i
n
g
ta
s
k
.
I
m
p
l
y
i
n
g
t
h
e
a
lg
o
r
it
h
m
s
f
o
r
i
m
ag
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
i
n
g
b
y
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
ar
c
h
itect
u
r
e
is
in
co
n
v
e
n
ie
n
t
i
n
r
ea
l
t
i
m
e
s
it
u
atio
n
.
Facto
r
s
n
a
m
el
y
ch
ip
ar
ea
,
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
al
s
p
ee
d
co
n
s
tr
ain
ts
;
d
esi
g
n
m
ai
n
tai
n
ed
at
lo
w
p
o
w
er
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
ad
eq
u
atel
y
o
p
ti
m
ized
.
T
h
e
d
esig
n
m
o
d
eli
n
g
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
b
y
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
-
b
ase
d
lan
g
u
a
g
es
VH
DL
,
Ver
ilo
g
o
r
Xilin
x
s
y
s
te
m
g
en
er
at
o
r
s
u
p
p
o
r
tin
g
Di
g
ital
Sig
n
al
P
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
(
DSP
)
.
1
.
3
.
P
ro
po
s
ed
So
lutio
n
An
elec
tr
o
n
ic
g
e
n
er
ated
d
ig
it
al
i
m
a
g
e
ca
n
b
e
i
m
p
r
o
v
ed
r
e
g
ar
d
in
g
its
s
u
p
er
io
r
it
y
b
y
e
n
h
an
ci
n
g
it.
Nu
m
er
o
u
s
m
ec
h
a
n
i
s
m
s
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
p
r
esen
ted
in
t
h
e
f
ie
ld
o
f
i
m
ag
e
e
n
h
a
n
ce
m
en
t
w
it
h
Fi
eld
P
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
ab
le
Gate
A
r
r
a
y
(
FP
GA
)
.
I
n
co
r
p
o
r
atio
n
o
f
A
d
v
a
n
ce
d
Mic
r
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
B
u
s
A
r
c
h
itect
u
r
e
(
A
MB
A
)
/
A
d
v
an
ce
d
h
i
g
h
-
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
b
u
s
(
AHP
)
/Ad
v
an
ce
d
P
er
ip
h
er
al
B
u
s
(
AP
B
)
/A
d
v
an
ce
d
E
x
te
n
s
ib
le
B
u
s
(
A
XI
)
i
n
t
h
e
m
ec
h
a
n
i
s
m
w
o
u
ld
p
r
o
v
id
e
a
b
etter
in
ter
f
ac
e
f
o
r
co
m
m
u
n
i
ca
tio
n
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
m
e
m
o
r
y
an
d
m
ed
ical
i
m
a
g
e
g
iv
e
n
as a
n
i
n
p
u
t
f
o
r
en
h
a
n
ce
m
en
t r
ed
u
cin
g
t
h
e
ef
f
ec
t o
f
h
e
ter
o
g
en
eit
y
o
f
MP
So
C
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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&
C
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N:
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A
n
I
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ve
s
tig
a
tio
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to
w
a
r
d
s
E
ffective
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ess
in
I
ma
g
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a
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en
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n
h
an
ce
m
en
t
tech
n
o
lo
g
ie
s
.
C
MO
S
i
m
ag
e
s
e
n
s
o
r
ca
n
b
e
in
co
r
p
o
r
ated
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
lo
w
er
p
o
w
er
co
n
s
u
m
i
n
g
en
h
an
ce
d
i
m
ag
e
s
at
a
less
er
co
s
t
b
u
t
ar
e
m
aj
o
r
ly
a
f
f
ec
ted
b
y
t
h
e
d
is
ad
v
an
ta
g
e
o
f
t
h
e
lo
w
-
q
u
alit
y
f
ac
to
r
[
11
]
.
I
m
a
g
e
ed
g
e
s
ar
e
t
h
e
m
o
s
t
attr
ib
u
te
t
h
at
g
i
v
es
th
e
u
s
e
f
u
l d
ata
f
o
r
i
m
a
g
e
i
n
ter
p
r
etab
ilit
y
.
T
h
e
o
p
er
ati
o
n
o
f
d
etec
ti
n
g
t
h
e
i
m
a
g
e
ed
g
e
s
i
s
t
h
e
w
o
r
k
o
f
So
b
el
o
p
er
ato
r
.
So
f
t
w
ar
e
d
o
es
n
o
t
o
p
er
ate
to
m
ee
t
t
h
e
p
ar
ticu
lar
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
t
o
f
th
e
r
ea
l
-
ti
m
e
ap
p
licatio
n
as
it
p
o
s
s
e'
s
p
r
o
p
er
t
y
o
f
b
ein
g
less
s
e
n
s
itiv
e
to
w
ar
d
s
n
o
is
e
an
d
r
esu
lt
s
in
les
s
er
ac
cu
r
ac
y
ex
ten
t
f
o
r
co
m
p
le
x
ed
g
es
[
1
2
]
.
P
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
a
d
ata
s
tr
ea
m
w
h
ic
h
h
as
d
i
f
f
er
en
t
i
m
a
g
e
s
ize
b
its
is
i
n
co
n
v
en
ie
n
t.
A
s
i
n
g
le
s
er
ial
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
m
ak
e
s
it
i
n
cr
ed
ib
l
y
d
if
f
ic
u
lt
to
h
an
d
le
s
e
v
er
al
o
p
er
atio
n
s
o
n
a
p
i
ct
u
r
e
p
ix
el
f
o
r
en
h
a
n
cin
g
it
[
1
3
]
.
Ma
p
p
in
g
o
f
a
n
i
m
ag
e
en
h
a
n
ce
m
en
t
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
f
r
o
m
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
to
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
r
eq
u
ir
em
en
t is a
d
e
m
a
n
d
in
g
tas
k
.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
o
f
Alar
eq
i
et
al.
[
1
4
]
f
o
cu
s
ed
o
n
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
s
p
ati
al
d
o
m
ai
n
i
n
FP
G
A
an
d
i
m
p
le
m
en
ted
th
e
d
ig
ital
e
n
h
a
n
ce
m
en
t
tech
n
iq
u
e
f
o
r
r
ea
l
-
ti
m
e
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
i
n
b
io
m
ed
ical
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
R
e
g
u
la
r
m
eth
o
d
s
o
f
i
m
a
g
e
en
h
a
n
ce
m
en
t
ca
n
n
o
t
s
atis
f
y
t
h
e
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
e
n
t
in
r
ea
l
-
ti
m
e.
T
h
e
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
w
a
s
in
co
r
p
o
r
ated
in
to
h
an
d
i
m
a
g
e
w
it
h
v
ei
n
s
u
til
izin
g
Op
e
n
A
cc
ess
B
io
m
ed
ical
I
m
ag
e
Sear
ch
E
n
g
i
n
e.
B
y
t
h
e
u
s
e
o
f
t
h
e
DS
P
to
o
l,
an
ef
f
ic
ien
t
ar
ch
itect
u
r
e
is
b
u
i
lt
b
y
i
n
v
o
lv
i
n
g
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
g
e
n
er
ato
r
b
lo
ck
s
f
r
o
m
it.
P
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
ar
e
ev
al
u
ated
o
n
FP
GA
Vir
te
x
(
XUP
V5
-
L
X1
1
0
T
)
.
T
h
e
v
ar
io
u
s
tech
n
i
q
u
es
ap
p
lied
to
a
m
ed
ical
im
ag
e
s
h
o
w
ed
th
a
t
b
r
ig
h
t
n
es
s
co
n
tr
o
l
p
r
o
v
id
ed
t
h
e
b
est
r
esu
lt
a
n
d
h
en
ce
it
w
a
s
h
elp
f
u
l
i
n
d
eter
m
i
n
i
n
g
t
h
e
d
ata
f
o
r
th
e
v
ein
p
atter
n
.
I
n
th
e
s
t
u
d
y
o
f
Sa
lcic
an
d
SIv
as
w
a
m
y
[
1
5
]
s
u
g
g
e
s
t
ed
a
w
a
y
to
attain
a
b
etter
s
p
ee
d
o
f
co
m
p
u
ta
tio
n
f
o
r
th
e
co
n
tr
ast
o
f
an
i
m
a
g
e
v
ia
lo
w
-
co
s
t
FP
GA
t
h
at
f
o
cu
s
es
o
n
X
-
r
a
y
i
m
a
g
es.
F
il
ter
in
g
f
o
llo
w
ed
b
y
h
is
to
g
r
a
m
m
o
d
if
icatio
n
i
s
t
h
e
m
ai
n
p
r
in
cip
le
o
f
o
p
er
atio
n
h
er
e.
Glo
b
al
His
to
g
r
a
m
E
q
u
a
lizatio
n
(
GHE
)
w
a
s
th
e
id
ea
b
eh
in
d
th
e
c
h
an
g
e
o
f
h
i
s
to
g
r
a
m
w
h
er
ea
s
th
at
f
o
r
th
e
f
u
n
c
tio
n
i
n
g
o
f
a
f
ilter
is
Hig
h
B
o
o
s
t
Fil
ter
(
HB
F).
A
co
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
w
as
m
ad
e
to
w
o
r
k
o
n
FP
G
A
p
r
o
to
ty
p
e
I
S
A
-
b
u
s
b
o
ar
d
i
s
th
e
i
m
a
g
e
co
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
f
o
r
en
h
a
n
ce
m
en
t,
I
ME
C
O
th
at
e
n
ab
led
h
ig
h
-
ef
f
icie
n
c
y
i
m
p
le
m
en
tatio
n
o
f
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
m
et
h
o
d
o
lo
g
ies
an
d
ac
q
u
ir
ed
h
ig
h
-
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
,
lo
w
-
co
s
t
s
o
l
u
tio
n
s
p
r
o
v
id
ed
b
y
h
ar
d
w
ar
e/
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
co
-
d
esi
g
n
.
Op
er
atio
n
s
s
u
c
h
as
d
o
w
n
lo
ad
i
n
g
a
n
d
u
p
lo
ad
in
g
a
n
i
m
ag
e
w
it
h
th
e
co
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
eq
u
ip
m
e
n
t.
P
r
ac
tical
en
h
a
n
ce
m
e
n
t
o
f
i
m
a
g
es
i
s
p
o
s
s
ib
le
v
er
i
f
y
i
n
g
th
e
lo
w
-
co
s
t
o
f
a
R
A
P
R
OS
p
r
o
to
ty
p
e
b
o
ar
d
.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
o
f
A
r
ici
et
al.
[
1
6
]
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
a
g
e
n
er
al
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
b
ased
o
n
th
e
eq
u
a
lizatio
n
o
f
a
h
i
s
to
g
r
a
m
f
o
r
i
m
a
g
e
en
h
a
n
cin
g
p
u
r
p
o
s
e.
T
h
e
ch
alle
n
g
e
o
f
o
p
ti
m
izatio
n
th
at
d
ec
r
ea
s
es
th
e
ef
f
ec
t
o
f
t
h
e
co
s
t
w
as
g
i
v
en
a
s
o
l
u
tio
n
b
y
co
n
s
tr
u
cti
n
g
a
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
h
er
e.
I
t
i
s
b
ase
d
o
n
Hi
s
to
g
r
a
m
E
q
u
a
lizatio
n
(
HE
)
t
h
at
r
esu
lted
i
n
co
n
tr
ast
en
h
a
n
ce
m
e
n
t
ex
ce
s
s
iv
el
y
w
h
ich
cr
ea
ted
v
i
s
u
al
ar
ti
f
ac
ts
an
d
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
a
p
r
o
ce
s
s
ed
im
ag
e
w
it
h
an
u
n
n
at
u
r
al
lo
o
k
.
An
alg
o
r
ith
m
w
as
d
e
v
elo
p
ed
f
o
r
s
er
v
i
n
g
co
n
tr
ast
e
n
h
an
ce
m
e
n
t
p
r
o
p
er
t
y
t
h
at
a
v
o
id
ed
th
e
m
e
m
o
r
y
-
b
a
n
d
w
id
th
co
n
s
u
m
i
n
g
o
p
er
atio
n
an
d
cu
m
b
er
s
o
m
e
ca
lc
u
latio
n
s
.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
o
f
Ma
et
al.
[
1
7
]
p
r
esen
ted
th
e
d
esi
g
n
o
f
an
I
n
tel
l
ec
tu
al
P
r
o
p
er
ty
o
f
th
e
A
P
B
B
r
id
g
e
th
at
co
n
v
er
ted
t
h
e
tr
an
s
latio
n
i
n
p
u
t
o
f
A
XI
4
.
0
-
lite
in
to
A
P
B
4
.
0
tr
an
s
ac
tio
n
s
i
n
p
u
t
le
v
els.
T
h
e
o
r
ig
in
a
ll
y
d
ev
elo
p
ed
s
tan
d
ar
d
So
C
b
u
s
w
as
a
n
in
i
tiati
v
e
m
ad
e
b
y
A
R
M
n
a
m
ed
as
A
MB
A
4
.
0
.
A
s
a
r
esu
lt,
th
e
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tic
s
o
f
A
XI
4
-
L
i
te
to
A
P
B
b
r
id
g
e
atta
in
ed
3
2
-
b
it
A
XI
a
n
d
A
P
B
in
ter
f
ac
es,
s
lav
e,
a
n
d
m
as
ter
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
alo
n
g
w
i
th
th
e
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
o
f
s
ix
tee
n
A
P
B
p
er
ip
h
er
als
an
d
r
esp
o
n
s
e
o
f
AXI
r
ea
d
/
w
r
ite
p
r
o
v
id
i
n
g
a
r
esu
lt
o
f
er
r
o
r
tr
an
s
f
er
r
es
u
lt
s
.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
o
f
P
au
n
ik
ar
et
al.
[
1
8
]
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
t
h
e
d
esi
g
n
o
f
a
n
A
P
B
e
m
p
lo
y
in
g
Un
i
v
er
s
al
As
y
n
c
h
r
o
n
o
u
s
R
ec
ep
tio
n
T
r
an
s
m
i
s
s
io
n
(
U
AR
T
)
as
it
s
s
lav
e.
T
o
en
s
u
r
e
d
at
a
s
ec
u
r
it
y
,
L
i
n
ea
r
Feed
b
ac
k
Sh
i
f
t
R
e
g
is
ter
(
L
FS
R
)
m
o
d
u
le
w
a
s
i
n
v
o
l
v
ed
.
C
o
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
o
f
p
o
w
er
w
it
h
t
h
is
d
es
ig
n
ad
o
p
tio
n
w
a
s
s
av
ed
u
p
to
6
% a
n
d
1
0
%
o
f
ar
ea
o
p
ti
m
izatio
n
f
o
r
t
h
e
o
n
e
i
n
t
er
f
ac
ed
w
ith
A
MB
A
2
A
P
M.
T
h
e
s
t
u
d
y
o
f
Z
h
i
w
ei
et
al.
[
1
9
]
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
a
C
MO
S
i
m
ag
e
s
en
s
o
r
ar
ch
itect
u
r
e,
w
h
ic
h
u
s
ed
A
P
B
b
u
s
to
in
co
r
p
o
r
ate
im
a
g
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
.
T
h
e
i
s
s
u
e
o
f
co
lo
r
i
m
a
g
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
i
n
g
an
d
d
ea
ls
with
t
h
e
c
h
an
g
e
s
i
n
t
h
e
co
n
v
en
ti
o
n
al
an
d
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
ar
ch
itect
u
r
e
e
m
p
lo
y
ed
i
n
t
h
e
p
ip
elin
e
o
f
d
ig
ital
s
t
ill
ca
m
er
as.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
in
v
o
lv
e
s
t
w
o
e
f
f
icien
t
au
to
w
h
ite
b
alan
ce
te
ch
n
iq
u
es
to
g
eth
er
wh
ich
i
s
a
s
y
s
te
m
o
n
t
h
e
ch
ip
.
T
h
e
im
a
g
e
q
u
alit
y
o
f
r
a
w
d
ata
ca
n
i
m
m
en
s
el
y
b
e
i
m
p
r
o
v
ed
as
FP
G
A
is
ap
p
lied
.
R
esu
l
ts
p
r
o
v
e
th
at
V
L
SI
ar
ch
itect
u
r
e
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tech
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2
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CA
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In
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[6
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Co
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ARCH
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AP
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h
e
f
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ar
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t
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teg
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c
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ap
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m
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:
a.
A
r
te
f
ac
ts
:
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r
en
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m
en
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f
b
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s
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e
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tial
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lik
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air
,
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b
u
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.
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aid
to
co
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tr
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e
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in
ated
ar
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b.
P
ix
el
lo
s
t:
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n
th
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p
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s
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to
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et
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to
av
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co
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ter
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s
h
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e
ad
ap
ted
to
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etain
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s
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l d
ata
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p
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els.
c.
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llu
m
in
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te
m
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s
b
alan
ci
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g
:
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h
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p
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m
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f
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ter
est
m
a
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t
b
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p
ar
ticu
lar
l
y
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ce
n
tr
ated
.
d.
E
d
g
e
d
eg
r
ad
atio
n
:
De
g
r
ad
ed
ed
g
es
ca
n
lead
to
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in
th
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e
n
h
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ce
m
en
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o
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s
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it
s
h
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ld
b
e
m
ai
n
tai
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e
d
at
its
in
itial
v
al
u
e.
3
.
1
.
Resea
rc
h T
re
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ds
T
h
e
ex
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in
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r
esear
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w
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k
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m
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f
ield
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p
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to
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eq
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r
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1
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e
a
n
d
MP
So
C
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
.
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m
p
le
m
e
n
ti
n
g
a
n
in
ter
f
ac
in
g
m
o
d
u
le
co
n
s
is
tin
g
o
f
A
MB
A
A
HB
/
A
P
B
/AXI
,
co
m
b
in
at
io
n
o
f
ad
v
an
ce
d
m
icr
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
b
u
s
ar
ch
itect
u
r
e
w
o
u
ld
co
n
tr
o
l
th
e
o
p
er
atio
n
o
f
cr
ea
tin
g
a
co
m
m
u
n
icat
io
n
ch
a
n
n
e
l
in
b
et
w
ee
n
th
e
m
e
m
o
r
y
an
d
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
d
ev
elo
p
ed
in
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
.
A
d
v
a
n
ce
d
h
i
g
h
-
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
b
u
s
in
itia
tes
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
;
ad
v
a
n
ce
d
p
er
ip
h
er
al
b
u
s
p
r
o
v
id
es
th
e
i
n
p
u
t
-
o
u
tp
u
t
p
er
ip
h
er
al
d
ev
ice
f
u
n
ct
io
n
.
I
t
s
u
p
p
o
r
ts
2
5
6
b
ea
ts
o
f
le
n
g
t
h
r
e
g
ar
d
in
g
b
u
r
s
t,
n
ee
d
o
f
u
p
d
ated
w
r
ite
an
d
r
ea
d
o
p
er
atio
n
s
a
n
d
d
ata
o
n
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
o
p
er
ab
ilit
y
.
I
t
h
as
s
i
x
tee
n
m
aster
s
an
d
s
i
x
teen
s
la
v
es
i
n
ter
f
ac
in
g
ab
ilit
y
.
I
n
tr
o
d
u
ci
n
g
h
y
b
r
id
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
in
th
e
f
u
tu
r
e
w
i
ll
b
e
s
u
cc
es
s
f
u
ll
y
ab
le
to
o
v
er
co
m
e
t
h
e
d
r
a
w
b
ac
k
s
o
b
s
e
r
v
ed
in
t
h
e
i
m
a
g
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
i
n
g
t
ec
h
n
iq
u
e.
C
ap
ac
it
y
to
b
o
o
s
t
t
h
e
f
ac
to
r
o
f
co
n
tr
ast
b
y
u
s
i
n
g
th
e
ed
g
e
f
il
ter
h
y
p
o
t
h
esis
w
o
u
ld
i
m
m
en
s
el
y
b
r
in
g
a
ch
an
g
e
i
n
th
e
d
i
g
ital i
m
a
g
e
f
ie
ld
s
.
I
n
th
is
p
a
p
er
,
w
e
h
av
e
co
m
e
ac
r
o
s
s
th
e
p
r
o
b
lem
s
o
f
h
ete
r
o
g
en
eity
in
MP
S
o
C
o
n
F
P
GA
th
at
m
ak
es
it
cr
u
c
ial
in
d
esig
n
in
g
a
m
o
d
el
t
h
at
ass
u
r
es
th
e
o
v
er
all
h
ig
h
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t
an
d
w
ill
ac
t
in
in
c
r
e
a
s
in
g
th
e
b
eh
av
i
o
r
o
f
an
im
ag
e.
Un
if
y
in
g
th
e
i
m
ag
e
en
h
an
ce
m
en
t
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
n
am
el
y
b
r
ig
h
t
n
es
s
co
n
tr
o
l
,
c
o
n
tr
ast
s
tr
et
c
h
in
g
,
n
eg
at
iv
e
i
m
a
g
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
,
g
a
m
m
a
co
r
r
ec
tio
n
o
r
p
o
w
er
-
la
w
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
,
i
m
a
g
e
h
is
to
g
r
a
m
,
m
ea
n
f
ilter
,
Me
d
ia
n
Fil
ter
in
g
,
h
is
to
g
r
a
m
eq
u
aliza
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n
,
So
b
el
o
p
er
ato
r
,
P
r
ew
itt
o
p
er
ato
r
an
d
i
m
a
g
e
th
r
es
h
o
ld
in
g
w
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ll
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m
et
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d
to
r
ec
ti
f
y
th
e
d
r
a
w
b
a
ck
s
i
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t
h
e
p
r
ev
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u
s
r
es
ea
r
ch
w
o
r
k
s
i
n
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
in
t
h
e
ap
p
r
o
v
al
o
f
i
m
ag
e
en
h
a
n
ce
m
en
t.
A
MB
A
AXI
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4
ca
n
b
e
h
av
e
as
a
b
u
s
g
i
v
in
g
s
u
itab
le
s
o
lu
t
io
n
f
o
r
t
h
e
i
n
ter
f
ac
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g
n
o
n
-
co
n
v
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n
ien
ce
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
in
p
u
ts
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
u
s
er
to
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
g
ain
ed
a
f
ter
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
.
RE
F
E
RE
NCES
[1
]
S
re
e
,
V.
K
ri
s
h
n
a
,
a
n
d
P
.
S
u
d
h
a
k
a
r
Ra
o
.
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Ha
r
d
w
a
re
im
p
lem
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n
ta
t
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f
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m
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d
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a
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g
S
im
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li
n
k
.
"
M
icr
o
e
lec
tr
o
n
ics
a
n
d
El
e
c
tr
o
n
ics
(
P
r
im
e
A
sia
),
2
0
1
3
IE
EE
A
sia
P
a
c
if
ic
C
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f
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re
n
c
e
o
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P
o
s
tg
ra
d
u
a
te
Re
se
a
r
c
h
i
n
.
I
E
EE
,
2
0
1
3
.
[1
]
W
o
lf
,
W
a
y
n
e
,
A
h
m
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m
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rra
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ra
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t
M
a
rt
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n
.
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M
u
lt
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sy
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m
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on
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(M
P
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C)
tec
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T
ra
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id
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s
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f
In
teg
ra
te
d
C
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ts
a
n
d
S
y
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m
s
2
7
.
1
0
(
2
0
0
8
)
:
1
7
0
1
-
1713.
[2
]
L
iao
,
Hs
u
a
n
c
h
u
n
,
e
t
a
l
.
"
A
re
c
o
n
f
ig
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ra
b
l
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ig
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p
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rf
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.
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P
a
ra
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n
d
Dis
tr
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b
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te
d
P
r
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c
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ss
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p
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W
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sh
o
p
s
&
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h
.
D
.
F
o
r
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m
(I
P
D
P
S
W
)
,
2
0
1
2
IE
EE
2
6
t
h
I
n
te
r
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l.
I
EE
E
,
2
0
1
2
.
[3
]
S
i
n
g
la,
G
a
r
b
i,
F
e
li
x
T
o
b
a
jas
,
a
n
d
V
a
le
n
ti
n
d
e
A
rm
a
s.
"
Vid
e
o
s
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p
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r
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re
s
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l
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t
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a
lg
o
ri
t
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m
im
p
lem
e
n
te
d
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n
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lo
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-
c
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b
a
se
d
m
u
s
ic
p
la
tf
o
rm
.
"
Re
c
o
n
f
ig
u
ra
b
le
C
o
m
p
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t
i
n
g
a
n
d
F
P
G
A
s
(Re
C
o
n
F
ig
),
2
0
1
3
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
.
IE
EE
,
2
0
1
3
.
[4
]
S
u
n
,
F
e
i
,
e
t
a
l
.
"
S
y
n
t
h
e
sis
o
f
a
p
p
li
c
a
t
io
n
-
s
p
e
c
if
ic
h
e
ter
o
g
e
n
e
o
u
s
m
u
l
ti
p
ro
c
e
ss
o
r
a
rc
h
i
tec
t
u
re
s
u
si
n
g
e
x
te
n
si
b
l
e
p
r
o
c
e
ss
o
r
s."
V
L
S
I
De
s
ig
n
,
2
0
0
5
.
1
8
t
h
I
n
ter
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
.
IE
EE
,
2
0
0
5
.
[5
]
A
ti
ta
ll
a
h
,
Ra
b
ie
Be
n
,
e
t
a
l.
"
A
n
M
P
S
o
C
p
e
rf
o
rm
a
n
c
e
e
s
ti
m
a
t
io
n
f
ra
m
e
w
o
rk
u
si
n
g
t
ra
n
sa
c
t
io
n
-
l
e
v
e
l
m
o
d
e
li
n
g
.
"
Em
b
e
d
d
e
d
a
n
d
Re
a
l
-
T
im
e
C
o
m
p
u
t
i
n
g
S
y
ste
m
s
a
n
d
A
p
p
l
ica
ti
o
n
s,
2
0
0
7
.
RT
C
S
A
2
0
0
7
.
1
3
t
h
IE
EE
I
n
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
.
IE
E
E,
2
0
0
7
.
[6
]
P
i
sc
i
tel
l
i,
R
o
b
e
r
ta
,
a
n
d
A
n
d
y
D.
P
im
e
n
te
l
.
"
A
h
ig
h
-
l
e
v
e
l
p
o
w
e
r
m
o
d
e
l
f
o
r
m
u
s
ic
o
n
F
P
G
A
.
"
P
a
ra
ll
e
l
a
n
d
D
is
tr
i
b
u
t
e
d
P
r
o
c
e
ss
i
n
g
W
o
rk
s
h
o
p
s
a
n
d
P
h
.
D.
F
o
r
u
m
(
I
P
D
P
S
W
)
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2
0
1
1
I
EE
E
I
n
t
e
rn
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
S
y
m
p
o
si
u
m
o
n
.
I
E
EE
,
2
0
1
1
.
[7
]
P
o
p
o
v
ic,
Vla
d
a
n
,
El
iev
a
P
ig
n
a
t,
a
n
d
Y
u
su
f
L
e
b
leb
ici.
"
P
e
rf
o
rm
a
n
c
e
o
p
ti
m
iza
ti
o
n
a
n
d
F
P
G
A
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
re
a
l
-
ti
m
e
to
n
e
m
a
p
p
in
g
.
"
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
Circ
u
it
s an
d
S
y
ste
m
s II:
Ex
p
re
ss
Brief
s
6
1
.
1
0
(
2
0
1
4
)
:
8
0
3
-
8
0
7
.
[8
]
S
in
g
h
,
M
a
n
v
e
n
d
ra
,
e
t
a
l.
"
F
P
GA
b
a
se
d
im
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
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f
re
a
l
-
ti
m
e
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m
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g
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n
h
a
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m
e
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t
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m
s
f
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r
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e
c
tro
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Op
ti
c
a
l
su
rv
e
il
lan
c
e
s
y
ste
m
s."
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
/E
lec
tro
n
ics
,
Co
m
p
u
ter,
T
e
le
c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
a
n
d
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
o
n
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
(EC
T
I
-
CON
),
2
0
1
5
1
2
th
I
n
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
f
e
re
n
c
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n
.
I
EE
E,
2
0
1
5
.
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I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
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I
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&
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Vo
l.
8
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No
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2
,
A
p
r
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–
9
7
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970
[9
]
S
a
h
u
,
S
m
rit
i.
"
Co
m
p
a
ra
ti
v
e
a
n
a
l
y
sis
o
f
i
m
a
g
e
e
n
h
a
n
c
e
m
e
n
t
tec
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iq
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e
s
f
o
r
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lt
ra
so
u
n
d
li
v
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im
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g
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.
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In
tern
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a
l
Jo
u
rn
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l
o
f
El
e
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tri
c
a
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C
o
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p
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ter E
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g
2
.
6
(
2
0
1
2
):
7
9
2
.
[1
0
]
Ju
n
g
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Y
u
n
H
o
,
e
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l
.
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De
sig
n
o
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t
p
r
e
p
r
o
c
e
s
so
r
f
o
r
C
M
O
S
im
a
g
e
se
n
s
o
r
.
"
I
EE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
t
i
o
n
s
o
n
C
o
n
s
u
m
e
r
E
lec
tr
o
n
i
c
s
4
6
.
1
(
2
0
0
0
)
:
6
8
-
75.
[1
1
]
G
u
o
,
Z
h
e
n
g
y
a
n
g
,
W
e
n
b
o
Xu
,
a
n
d
Z
h
il
e
i
C
h
a
i
.
"
Im
a
g
e
e
d
g
e
d
e
te
c
t
i
o
n
b
a
se
d
o
n
F
P
G
A
.
"
D
is
tr
i
b
u
te
d
Co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
a
n
d
A
p
p
li
c
a
t
i
o
n
s
t
o
B
u
s
i
n
e
ss
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
ri
n
g
a
n
d
S
c
ie
n
c
e
(D
CA
BE
S
)
,
2
0
1
0
N
i
n
t
h
I
n
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
S
y
m
p
o
s
i
u
m
o
n
.
IE
EE
,
2
0
1
0
.
[1
2
]
A
lA
li
,
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
I.
,
K
h
a
l
d
o
o
n
M
.
M
h
a
i
d
a
t
,
a
n
d
I
n
a
d
A
.
A
lj
a
r
ra
h
.
"
Im
p
lem
e
n
ti
n
g
im
a
g
e
p
r
o
c
e
ss
i
n
g
a
lg
o
r
i
t
h
m
s
in
F
P
G
A
h
a
r
d
w
a
re
.
"
A
p
p
li
e
d
El
e
c
t
rica
l
E
n
g
in
e
e
r
i
n
g
a
n
d
C
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
ie
s
(A
EE
CT
)
,
2
0
1
3
IEE
E
J
o
r
d
a
n
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
.
IE
E
E,
2
0
1
3
.
[1
3
]
A
lare
q
i
,
M
o
h
a
m
m
e
d
,
e
t
a
l
.
"
De
s
i
g
n
a
n
d
F
P
G
A
im
p
lem
e
n
t
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
Re
a
l
-
T
im
e
Ha
r
d
w
a
re
C
o
-
S
im
u
la
ti
o
n
f
o
r
im
a
g
e
e
n
h
a
n
c
e
m
e
n
t
i
n
b
io
m
e
d
ica
l
a
p
p
l
ic
a
ti
o
n
s
.
"
W
ire
les
s
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
ies
,
E
m
b
e
d
d
e
d
,
a
n
d
I
n
te
ll
ig
e
n
t
S
y
ste
m
s
(W
IT
S
)
,
2
0
1
7
In
ter
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
.
IE
E
E,
2
0
1
7
.
[1
4
]
S
a
l
c
ic
,
Z
.
,
a
n
d
J
a
y
a
n
t
h
iS
iv
a
sw
a
m
y
.
"
IM
ECO
:
a
re
c
o
n
f
ig
u
ra
b
le
F
P
G
A
-
b
a
se
d
im
a
g
e
e
n
h
a
n
c
e
m
e
n
t
c
o
p
r
o
c
e
s
s
o
r
f
ra
m
e
w
o
rk
.
"
T
ENC
ON
'
9
7
.
IE
E
E
Re
g
i
o
n
1
0
A
n
n
u
a
l
Co
n
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
.
S
p
e
e
c
h
a
n
d
Im
a
g
e
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
ie
s f
o
r
Co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
a
n
d
T
e
lec
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
,
P
r
o
c
e
e
d
i
n
g
s
o
f
I
EE
E
.
Vo
l
.
1
.
I
EE
E,
1
9
9
7
.
[1
5
]
A
rici
,
T
a
rik
,
S
a
li
h
D
ik
b
a
s
,
a
n
d
Y
u
c
e
lA
lt
u
n
b
a
sa
k
.
"
A
h
is
to
g
ra
m
m
o
d
if
ica
t
i
o
n
f
ra
m
e
w
o
rk
a
n
d
i
ts
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
f
o
r
im
a
g
e
c
o
n
tras
t
e
n
h
a
n
c
e
m
e
n
t.
"
I
EE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
t
io
n
s
o
n
im
a
g
e
p
r
o
c
e
ss
i
n
g
1
8
.
9
(
2
0
0
9
)
:
1
9
2
1
-
1935.
[1
6
]
M
a
,
Ch
e
n
g
h
a
i
,
Z
h
i
j
u
n
L
iu
,
a
n
d
Xia
o
y
u
e
M
a
.
"
De
sig
n
a
n
d
im
p
l
e
m
e
n
tat
i
o
n
o
f
A
P
B
b
ri
d
g
e
b
a
se
d
o
n
A
M
BA
4
.
0
.
"
Co
n
s
u
m
e
r
E
lec
tr
o
n
ics
,
C
o
m
m
u
n
ic
a
ti
o
n
s
a
n
d
Ne
tw
o
rk
s
(
CE
CNe
t)
,
2
0
1
1
I
n
te
r
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
.
I
EE
E,
2
0
1
1
.
[1
7
]
P
a
u
n
ik
a
r,
A
b
h
i
jee
t,
e
t
a
l
.
"
D
e
sig
n
a
n
d
im
p
l
e
m
e
n
ta
ti
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
a
re
a
e
f
f
icie
n
t
,
l
o
w
p
o
w
e
r
A
M
BA
-
A
P
B
Br
id
g
e
f
o
r
S
o
C
.
"
G
re
e
n
C
o
m
p
u
t
i
n
g
C
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
a
n
d
E
lec
tr
ica
l
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
ri
n
g
(
ICG
CCE
E)
,
2
0
1
4
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
o
n
.
I
EE
E
,
2
0
1
4
.
[1
8
]
Z
h
iw
e
i
,
G
e
,
Ya
o
S
u
y
i
n
g
,
a
n
d
Xu
J
ia
n
g
ta
o
.
"
De
s
ig
n
o
f
o
n
-
c
h
i
p
i
m
a
g
e
p
ro
c
e
ss
i
n
g
b
a
se
d
o
n
A
P
B
b
u
s
w
it
h
CM
O
S
im
a
g
e
se
n
s
o
r
.
"
A
S
IC
,
2
0
0
9
.
A
S
IC
ON
'
0
9
.
I
EE
E
8
t
h
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
.
I
E
EE
,
2
0
0
9
.
[1
9
]
L
i,
Jia
n
a
n
,
T
in
g
fa
X
u
,
a
n
d
K
u
n
Z
h
a
n
g
.
"
Re
a
l
-
ti
m
e
f
e
a
tu
re
-
b
a
se
d
v
id
e
o
sta
b
il
iza
ti
o
n
o
n
F
P
G
A
.
"
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
Circ
u
it
s an
d
S
y
ste
m
s
f
o
r
V
id
e
o
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
2
7
.
4
(2
0
1
7
):
9
0
7
-
9
1
9
.
[2
0
]
L
o
n
g
,
Jin
k
a
i,
X
iao
x
in
C
u
i,
a
n
d
Du
n
s
h
a
n
Yu
.
"
A
n
a
d
a
p
ti
v
e
e
d
g
e
e
n
h
a
n
c
e
m
e
n
t
a
lg
o
rit
h
m
a
n
d
h
a
rd
w
a
re
im
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
.
"
El
e
c
tro
n
De
v
ice
s
a
n
d
S
o
li
d
-
S
tate
Circu
it
s
(ED
S
S
C),
2
0
1
0
IEE
E
In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
f
.
IEE
E,
2
0
1
0
.
[2
1
]
Ye
n
,
Ju
i
-
C
h
e
n
g
,
e
t
a
l.
"
M
o
d
if
i
e
d
Co
n
tras
t
En
h
a
n
c
e
m
e
n
t
A
l
g
o
rit
h
m
a
n
d
Its
Ha
rd
w
a
r
e
De
sig
n
f
o
r
Re
a
l
-
T
i
m
e
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s."
Co
m
p
u
ter,
C
o
n
su
m
e
r,
a
n
d
Co
n
tro
l
(IS
3
C),
2
0
1
4
I
n
t
e
rn
a
ti
o
n
a
l
S
y
m
p
o
siu
m
o
n
.
IEE
E,
2
0
1
4
.
[2
2
]
S
m
rit
i
S
a
h
u
,
M
a
h
e
e
d
h
a
r
D
u
b
e
y
,
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
Im
ro
z
e
K
h
a
n
,
"
Co
m
p
a
ra
ti
v
e
A
n
a
ly
sis
o
f
Im
a
g
e
E
n
h
a
n
c
e
m
e
n
t
T
e
c
h
n
i
q
u
e
s
f
o
r
U
l
tras
o
u
n
d
L
iv
e
r
Im
a
g
e
,
"
In
te
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
tr
ica
l
a
n
d
C
o
m
p
u
te
r
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
ri
n
g
(I
JE
CE
)
,
Vo
l.
2
,
N
o
.
6
,
p
p
.
7
9
2
~
7
9
7
,
De
c
e
m
b
e
r
2
0
1
2
.
[2
3
]
Ro
sd
ia
n
a
S
h
a
h
ri
l,
S
a
b
a
r
ia
h
B
a
h
a
ru
n
,
A
K
M
M
u
z
a
h
i
d
u
l
Isla
m
,
"
P
re
-
p
r
o
c
e
s
si
n
g
T
e
c
h
n
i
q
u
e
f
o
r
W
ire
les
s
Ca
p
s
u
l
e
E
n
d
o
sc
o
p
y
Im
a
g
e
En
h
a
n
c
e
m
e
n
t
,
"
I
n
te
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
tr
ica
l
a
n
d
C
o
m
p
u
te
r
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
ri
n
g
(I
JE
C
E)
,
Vo
l.
6
,
N
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
1
6
1
7
~
1
6
2
6
,
A
u
g
u
s
t
2
0
1
6
.
[2
4
]
S
u
h
a
d
A
.
A
li
,
C.
E
laf
A
.
A
b
b
o
o
d
,
C.
S
h
a
y
m
a
a
A
b
d
u
l
Ka
d
h
m
,
"
S
a
l
t
a
n
d
P
e
p
p
e
r
N
o
i
se
Re
m
o
v
a
l
Us
i
n
g
Re
s
iza
b
l
e
W
in
d
o
w
a
n
d
G
a
u
ss
ia
n
Es
ti
m
a
t
i
o
n
F
u
n
c
ti
o
n
"
I
n
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
t
rica
l
a
n
d
Co
m
p
u
te
r
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
ri
n
g
(I
JE
CE
)
,
Vo
l.
6
,
No
.
5
,
p
p
.
2
2
1
9
~
2
2
2
4
,
Oc
t
o
b
e
r
2
0
1
6
.
[2
5
]
Ch
iu
c
h
isa
n
,
Iu
li
a
n
a
.
"
A
n
a
p
p
ro
a
c
h
to
t
h
e
V
e
ril
o
g
-
b
a
se
d
sy
ste
m
f
o
r
m
e
d
ica
l
i
m
a
g
e
e
n
h
a
n
c
e
m
e
n
t.
"
E
-
He
a
lt
h
a
n
d
Bio
e
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
(EHB
),
2
0
1
5
.
IEE
E,
2
0
1
5
.
B
I
O
G
RA
P
H
I
E
S
O
F
AUT
H
O
RS
Ar
c
h
a
n
a
H
R,
A
ss
istan
t
P
ro
f
e
ss
o
r,
De
p
a
rtm
e
n
t
o
f
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
&
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
,
BM
S
CE,
Be
n
g
a
lu
r
u
.
S
h
e
h
a
s
a
ro
u
n
d
8
y
e
a
rs
o
f
Ex
p
e
rien
c
e
in
T
e
a
c
h
in
g
a
n
d
1
y
e
a
r
In
d
u
strial
Ex
p
e
rien
c
e
.
S
h
e
h
a
s
p
u
b
l
ish
e
d
h
e
r
p
a
p
e
rs
in
2
in
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
jo
u
r
n
a
l
s,
p
re
se
n
ted
a
t
7
in
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
c
o
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
s an
d
2
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
c
o
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
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