Int
ern
at
i
onal
Journ
al of Ele
ctrical
an
d
Co
mput
er
En
gin
eeri
ng
(IJ
E
C
E)
Vo
l.
9
,
No.
6
,
Decem
ber
201
9
, p
p.
5420
~
5427
IS
S
N:
20
88
-
8708
,
DOI: 10
.11
591/
ijece
.
v
9
i
6
.
pp5420
-
54
27
5420
Journ
al h
om
e
page
:
http:
//
ia
es
core
.c
om/
journa
ls
/i
ndex.
ph
p/IJECE
A
r
evie
w on
c
lou
d
b
ase
d
k
nowled
ge
m
an
agem
ent
in
h
igher
e
du
cation
i
nstitu
tions
Ah
m
ad
Shu
kr
i
Mohd
N
oo
r
1
,
M
u
ha
m
ma
d
Youn
as
2
, Mu
h
amm
ad
Arsh
ad
3
1,
2
Univer
siti
Ma
lay
s
ia T
er
engganu,
Kual
a
Te
r
en
ggnue,
Ma
lay
si
a
3
Jaz
an
Univ
ersity
,
Jaz
an, Saudi
Arabi
a
Art
ic
le
In
f
o
ABSTR
A
CT
Art
ic
le
history:
Re
cei
ved
A
pr
1
, 2
01
9
Re
vised
Jun
2
0
, 201
9
Accepte
d
J
un
27
, 201
9
Know
le
dge
Man
age
m
ent
(KM
)
i
s
widely
discuss
ed
b
y
r
ese
arc
h
er
and
a
tt
r
ac
ts
m
an
y
enterpri
se
rs
to
ext
ra
ct
,
d
i
spense
and
use
informati
on
in
a
s
y
stematic
wa
y
under
Kn
owledge
Mana
gement
S
y
stem
(KM
S).
New
te
chnol
o
g
y
adopt
ion
withi
n
the
knowledge
m
ana
gement
s
y
s
te
m
is
one
of
th
e
cor
e
issue,
ide
nti
f
ie
d
b
y
r
e
sea
rch
er
and
un
der
li
n
ed
as
futu
re
re
se
arc
h
ag
e
nda.
C
loud
computing
bec
o
m
es
the
m
ost
adopt
able
choice
for
ent
erp
r
isers
to
red
uc
e
infra
struc
ture
an
d
m
ai
nte
nance
c
ost
b
y
shifti
ng
b
usiness
on
the
cloud.
Higher
Educ
a
ti
on
Inst
i
tut
ions
(HEIs)
are
m
ore
en
t
husiasti
c
about
knowledge
m
ana
gement
du
e
to
it
s
primar
y
goal
of
knowl
edge
cre
a
ti
on
a
nd
sharing.
Cloud
base
d
kn
owledge
m
ana
g
ement
a
tt
ra
c
t
h
i
gher
edu
ca
t
ion
insti
tutions
b
y
ch
angi
ng
th
e
educ
ationa
l
m
ethod
and
obje
c
ti
v
es
due
to
innovative
tr
ends
in
technolog
y
.
T
his
expl
or
at
or
y
r
ese
arc
h
base
d
on
li
t
eratu
re
rev
i
e
w
for
cl
oud
-
base
d
knowled
ge
m
ana
gement
,
ta
rge
ti
ng
hig
her
educ
a
ti
on
insti
tutions
.
Thi
s
stud
y
h
ighl
i
ghts
the
benefit
s
and
cha
l
le
ng
es
associa
t
ed
with
cl
oud
-
base
d
knowledge
m
an
a
gement
s
y
s
te
m
a
nd
it
s
impact on know
le
dge.
Ke
yw
or
d
s
:
Cl
oud
c
om
pu
ti
ng
Highe
r
e
ducat
ion
i
ns
ti
tuti
ons
Highli
gh
ts
and
c
halle
nges
Kno
wled
ge
m
a
nag
em
ent
Copyright
©
201
9
Instit
ut
e
o
f Ad
vanc
ed
Engi
n
ee
r
ing
and
S
cienc
e
.
Al
l
rights re
serv
ed
.
Corres
pond
in
g
Aut
h
or
:
Ah
m
ad
S
hukri
Mohd
Noo
r
,
Associ
at
e Profe
sso
r
,
Un
i
ver
sit
i
Ma
la
ysi
a Tereng
ga
nu,
Ku
al
a
Tere
ngga
nu, Mal
ay
sia
.
Em
a
il
: ashu
kri
@u
m
t.edu
.m
y
1.
INTROD
U
CTION
The
ra
pid
de
ve
lop
m
ent
in
the
fiel
d
of
te
chnolo
gy
cau
s
es
the
en
d
re
s
ult
of
m
ass
da
ta
creati
on
.
This
data
is
inade
qu
at
e
for
organ
iz
at
io
n
without
extr
act
ing
the
re
qu
i
red
a
nd
i
m
po
rtant
inf
orm
ation
.
The
proces
s
of
trans
f
or
m
at
ion
from
data
to
inf
or
m
at
ion
is
cal
le
d
kn
ow
le
dge.
I
n
oth
e
r
w
ords
“R
ea
dy
f
or
m
of
Inform
at
ion
ex
tract
ed
from
data
is
cal
le
d
Know
le
dg
e”
.
E
xis
te
nce o
f
K
now
le
dg
e
is
e
ver
y
wh
e
re w
it
h
ext
ensiv
e
range
of
cat
e
gories
a
nd
big
quantit
ie
s
[1]
.
K
nowled
ge
Ma
na
gem
ent
pr
oce
ss
inclu
de
crea
ti
ng
ne
w
know
le
dg
e,
retrievin
g
im
p
or
ta
nt
know
le
dg
e
f
r
om
extern
al
sourc
es,
us
e
kn
owle
dg
e
f
or
decisi
on
m
aking
pu
rpose
,
e
m
bed
di
ng kn
o
wle
dg
e
in p
rocesses, s
ha
re
knowle
dge
betw
een insi
de
a
nd
ou
tsi
de of
t
he or
ga
nizat
ion
[2]
.
Tech
no
l
og
ic
al
dep
e
ndency
is
com
m
on
tod
ay
’s
age
and
it
s
ben
e
fits
ov
e
rwhelm
it
s
disadv
a
ntage
s
.
Ed
ucati
on
al
in
sti
tuti
on
s
are
a
doptin
g
la
te
st
te
chnolo
gies
to
m
eet
the
co
ntem
po
rar
y
ed
ucati
on
re
qu
ir
e
m
ents
from
ad
m
issi
on
to
res
ult,
hir
ing
t
o
firi
ng,
s
ta
ff
assessm
en
t,
te
achi
ng
loa
d
al
locat
io
n
a
nd
distance
le
arn
i
ng.
Kno
wled
ge
c
r
eat
ion
a
nd
s
ha
rin
g
w
as
c
onsidere
d
as
t
he
m
a
in
obj
ect
i
v
e
f
or
higher
ed
ucati
on
bu
t
with
the
pa
ssage
of
tim
e
and
in
nova
ti
ve
tren
ds
in
te
chnolo
gy,
t
he
ed
ucati
onal
m
et
ho
d
an
d
ob
j
ect
ive
al
s
o
c
ha
ng
e
d.
Un
i
ver
si
ti
es
a
re
ad
opti
ng
e
conom
ic
dev
e
lop
m
ent,
an
d
enter
pr
ise
a
s
revoluti
on
i
n
their
m
issio
n
[
3]
.
Higher
e
ducat
ion
,
es
pecial
ly
the
univer
sit
ie
s
seem
s
to
be
an
at
tract
iv
e
ty
pe
of
bus
inesses
s
uitable
for
init
ia
ti
ng
KM
pr
act
ic
es
[4]
.
KM
can
pr
omote
the
pro
fess
ion
al
dev
el
op
m
ent
,
sci
entifi
c
resea
rch
pro
f
ic
ie
ncy
and
te
ac
hing
le
vel
of
unive
r
sit
y
sta
ff
[5]
.
KM
in
hi
gh
e
r
edu
cat
io
n
ins
ti
tuti
on
s
can
boos
t
the
i
ns
ti
tuti
on
al
su
ccess
in
te
rm
of e
du
cat
io
n
a
nd soci
al
v
al
ue
s as
well
as lea
d
to
go
od d
eci
s
ion
base
d o
n
a
vaila
ble
knowle
dg
e
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
In
t J
Elec
&
C
om
p
En
g
IS
S
N:
20
88
-
8708
A revie
w o
n
cl
oud b
as
e
d
k
nowl
edg
e
m
anag
emen
t
i
n hig
he
r educ
ation
.
..
(
Ahmad Sh
ukri
Moh
d
No
or
)
5421
Cl
oud
com
pu
ti
ng
is
la
te
st
a
nd
fam
ou
s
te
chnolo
gy
nowa
days
a
nd
m
an
y
enterprisers
are
m
akin
g
a
sh
ift
t
ow
a
r
ds
it
s
ad
van
ta
ges
.
Nee
dless
t
o
m
ention
t
he
as
so
ci
at
ed
be
nef
i
ts
su
c
h
as
hi
gh co
m
pu
ta
ti
on
al
p
owe
r,
reducti
on
in
infrast
r
ucture
an
d
m
ai
nt
enan
ce
costs
co
up
le
d
w
i
th
on
-
dem
and
sto
ra
ge
c
apacit
y.
Cl
oud
com
pu
ti
ng
can
be
def
i
ned
as
a
set
up
wh
e
re
st
or
a
ge
an
d
al
l
data
proc
es
sin
g
ha
pp
en
beyo
nd
t
he
us
er
’s
dev
ic
es
an
d
t
he
d
at
e tra
ve
rse t
hroug
h
these
databases
[
6]
.
The
m
ai
n
aim
of
this
pap
e
r
is
to
assess
the
ben
e
fits
an
d
c
halle
ng
es
of
cl
oud
-
based
knowle
dge
m
ana
gem
ent
by
ta
rg
et
ing
higher
e
ducat
ion
i
ns
ti
tuti
on
s
.
Re
st
of
pap
e
r
wil
l
cov
e
r
the
f
ollow
i
ng
a
reas.
S
ect
ion
II
a
nd
I
II
desc
ribes
knowle
dge
m
anag
em
en
t
and
cl
oud
c
om
pu
ti
ng
in
det
ai
l,
sect
ion
IV
discuss
es
it
s
r
el
at
ed
works,
sect
ion
V
K
nowle
dge
Ma
na
gem
ent
Syst
e
m
s
us
i
ng
Cl
oud
Co
m
pu
ti
ng
,
sect
i
on
V
I
a
naly
se
s
an
d
discuss
i
on a
nd
finall
y co
nclus
ion
i
n
sect
io
n VII.
2.
KNOWL
EDG
E M
ANAGE
MENT
Kno
wled
ge
is
us
ef
ul
in
form
a
ti
on
in
rea
dy
f
or
m
and
how
a
nd
w
he
n
to
use
this
inf
orm
ation
is
cal
le
d
Kno
wled
ge
M
anag
em
ent.
I
n
oth
e
r
w
ords
t
rick
t
o
e
xtract
re
qu
ir
ed
inf
or
m
at
ion
f
ro
m
avail
able
ra
w
da
ta
is
cal
le
d
Know
le
dg
e
Ma
nag
em
ent.
K
nowled
ge
can
be
ca
te
gories
into
two
m
ai
n
t
ypes
that
are
exp
li
ci
t
knowle
dge
an
d
i
m
plici
t
kn
owle
dge
[
7]
.
A
ccordin
g
to
s
om
e
web
sit
es
K
nowled
ge
ca
n
be
div
i
de
d
into
three
ty
pes
that
are
exp
li
ci
t,
im
plicit
and
ta
ci
t
knowle
dge
[
8]
.
K
nowle
dg
e
t
hat
is
easy
to
rec
ord
an
d
s
har
e
is
cal
le
d
exp
li
ci
t
knowle
dg
e
.
Im
plici
t
knowle
dge
is
trans
fer
a
ble
sk
i
ll
s
with
j
ob
s
witc
hing.
Kno
wled
ge
that
is
gaine
d
from
per
sonal
exp
e
rience
is
c
al
le
d
ta
ci
t
Kno
wled
ge.
Tra
ns
f
er
ta
ci
t
knowle
dg
e
into
ex
plici
t
know
le
dg
e
is
one
of
the m
ai
n
K
M t
ask
[9]
.
KM
is
widely
acce
pte
d
te
r
m
as
the
wor
ld
is
c
on
ti
nu
ously
m
ov
ing
towa
r
ds
knowle
dg
e
-
base
d
econom
y.
KM
belo
ng
s
t
o
sa
m
e
cl
ass
of
m
anag
em
ent
lik
e
tim
e
m
ana
gem
ent
and
s
el
f
-
m
anag
em
e
nt
with
the
ai
m
of
cre
at
ing
a
nd
s
ha
rin
g
t
he
knowle
dg
e
i
n
the
best
interest
of
org
anizat
ion
al
pr
a
ct
ic
es.
Ma
ny
auth
ors
def
i
ne
kn
ow
le
dg
e
m
anag
em
e
nt
in
their
own
way
as
no
ge
ner
al
acce
pted
def
init
io
n
e
xists
and
m
os
t
of
them
are
sim
i
la
r.
Ac
cordin
g
t
o
[
10]
K
nowled
ge
is
top
le
vel
in
for
m
at
ion
rea
dy
to
us
e
for
decis
ion
s
a
nd
act
io
ns
an
d
it
is
co
m
bin
ed
with
ex
per
ie
nc
e,
co
ntext,
inte
rpretat
ion
a
nd
r
eflect
io
n.
Acc
ordin
g
to
[11]
. Th
e
te
rm
kn
ow
le
dg
e
m
anag
em
ent
ref
ers
t
o
i
den
ti
f
yi
ng
,
m
et
ho
d
of
a
chie
ving,
s
avin
g,
m
anag
i
ng
an
d
s
ha
rin
g.
Acc
ordi
ng
to
[12]
,
KM
is
a
proc
ess
w
her
e
org
aniz
at
ion
s
ha
ve
form
ulate
d
ways
in
the
a
tt
e
m
pt
to
recogn
iz
e
a
nd
arc
hiv
e
knowle
dge
as
s
et
s
within
the
orga
nizat
ion
t
hat
are
der
ive
d
from
the
va
r
iou
s
em
plo
ye
es.
Nowa
days
KM
is
consi
der
i
ng
as
integrate
d
pa
rt
of
al
l
do
m
ai
ns
an
d
e
nter
pr
ise
s
[13]
.
F
igure
1
sho
ws
Tree
diag
ra
m
fo
r
knowle
dge m
a
nag
em
ent.
Figure
1.
K
no
wled
ge
m
anage
m
ent syst
e
m
t
ree
diagr
am
3.
CLOUD
COMP
UTING
Cl
oud
Com
pu
ti
ng
re
fer
s
an
on
li
ne
sto
ra
ge
of
Orga
nizat
ion
'
s
data
as
well
as
infr
ast
r
uc
ture.
Cl
oud
com
pu
ti
ng
is
gen
e
ral
te
rm
r
efer
red
as
the
delivery
of
on
-
dem
and
co
m
pu
ti
ng
res
ources
-
e
ver
yt
hi
ng
from
app
li
cat
io
n
to
data
center
s
-
ov
e
r
the
inter
net
o
n
a
pay
-
f
or
-
use
basic
.
Cl
oud
com
pu
t
ing
is
a
set
up
wh
e
re
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2088
-
8708
In
t J
Elec
&
C
om
p
En
g,
V
ol.
9
, N
o.
6
,
Dece
m
ber
201
9
:
5420
-
5427
5422
stora
ge
a
nd
a
ll
data
proc
essing
ha
pp
e
n
beyo
nd
the
us
er
’s
dev
ic
es
go
t
hro
ugh
these
data
base
s
[6]
.
A
distrib
uted
com
pu
ti
ng
ap
pl
ic
at
io
n
delive
r
ed
as
a
se
rv
ic
e
over
the
I
nter
net
an
d
pro
vide
s
dy
nam
ic
a
ll
y
an
d
scal
able com
pu
ti
ng r
es
ources
inclu
ding st
orage,
c
om
pu
ta
ti
on po
wer
[
14, 15]
.
Cl
oud
com
pu
ti
ng
ha
ve
th
ree
m
ai
n
m
od
el
s
that
are
al
so
know
n
as
ser
vi
ces
Mod
el
s
.
T
hese
m
od
el
s
are:
1.
So
ft
war
e
as a
Ser
vice (S
aa
S) al
so
know
n
as
Softwa
re
on de
m
and
Se
r
vice.
2.
Plat
fo
rm
as a se
rv
ic
e
(P
aaS
).
3.
Infr
ast
ru
ct
ur
e a
s a S
e
rv
ic
e
(I
aa
S)
.
Cl
oud
c
om
pu
ti
ng
gro
ups
i
nto
fou
r
m
ai
n
ty
pes
al
so
know
n
as
de
pl
oym
en
t
m
od
el
[
16]
.
These
ty
pe
s
are
:
1.
Pr
ivate
clo
ud
2.
Publi
c cloud
3.
Com
m
un
it
y C
l
oud
4.
Hybr
i
d
Cl
ou
d
Ma
ny
web
sit
es
and
aut
hors
al
so
de
fine
so
m
e
m
or
e
su
btype
base
d
on
m
ulti
char
act
er.
Ac
cordin
g
to
W
i
kip
e
dia
[
17]
oth
er
cl
oud
com
pu
ti
ng
sub
ty
pes
are
Distribu
te
d
Cl
oud,
Mult
i
Cl
ou
d,
Bi
g
Data
Cl
ou
d
a
nd
High Pe
rfo
rm
a
nce C
om
pu
ti
ng(H
PC
)
Cl
ou
d.
Cl
oud
c
om
pu
ti
ng m
od
el
co
m
po
s
ed
of
fo
ll
owin
g five
key
char
act
e
risti
cs.
1.
On d
em
and
sel
f
se
rv
ic
e
2.
Broa
d netw
ork
access
3.
Re
so
urce
pooli
ng and m
ulti
tenan
cy
4.
Ra
pid
elast
ic
it
y and scal
abili
ty
5.
Me
asur
e
d
se
r
vice
Cl
oud
c
om
pu
ti
ng tree
diag
ra
m
sh
ow
n i
n Fi
gure
2.
Figure
2
.
Cl
oud
c
om
pu
ti
ng
t
r
ee diag
ram
4.
RELATE
D
W
ORK
Ma
ny
resear
ch
ers
ha
ve
done
a
lot
of
w
ork
i
n
the
fiel
d
of
knowle
dge
m
anag
em
ent
and
it
s
integr
at
io
n
with
cl
oud
c
om
pu
ti
ng
inclu
ding
be
ne
fits
and
iss
ues.
For
the
te
nacit
y
of
this
pa
per
we
ex
plore
previo
us
researc
h
stu
die
s
in
the
fiel
d
of
knowle
dge
m
anag
em
ent
a
nd
Cl
ou
d
Co
m
pu
ti
ng
,
try
to
fin
d
e
xisti
ng
wor
k
reco
m
m
end
ed bo
t
h
in
the lit
er
at
ur
e a
nd
on th
e w
e
b.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
In
t J
Elec
&
C
om
p
En
g
IS
S
N:
20
88
-
8708
A revie
w o
n
cl
oud b
as
e
d
k
nowl
edg
e
m
anag
emen
t
i
n hig
he
r educ
ation
.
..
(
Ahmad Sh
ukri
Moh
d
No
or
)
5423
Keep
i
ng
in
m
i
nd
the
new
te
chnolo
gy
acce
ptance
issue
s
[18]
discuss
t
he
sign
i
ficanc
es
of
cl
oud
com
pu
ti
ng
im
plem
entat
ion
i
n
ed
ucati
on
sect
or
to
achie
ve
know
le
dg
e
m
anag
em
ent.
Re
search
m
odel
was
analy
zed
an
d
validat
e
us
i
ng
structu
ral
eq
uation
te
c
hn
i
que
with
t
he
he
lp
of
s
urvey
data
colle
ct
ed
f
ro
m
stud
e
nts.
K
no
wled
ge
sh
a
rin
g
an
d
synch
ronizat
ion
pract
ic
e
was
done
u
s
in
g
dro
p
bo
x
acco
un
ts
to
fu
lfil
the
cl
oud
com
pu
ti
ng
e
nviro
nm
ent.
Tech
nolog
y
Acce
ptan
ce
Mod
el
(T
A
M)
was
us
e
d
to
ve
rify
res
ul
t
and
pro
po
se
d
e
xten
ded
m
od
el
is
s
uppose
d
to
be
m
or
e
def
en
sibl
e
in
te
rm
of
know
le
dg
e
c
reati
on,
sh
a
rin
g,
st
or
a
ge
and ap
plica
ti
on.
Kno
wled
ge
m
a
nag
em
ent
i
m
ple
m
entat
ion
us
i
ng
cl
oud
c
om
pu
ti
ng
desc
ribe
by
[
19
]
with
ca
se
stud
y
in
Com
pu
te
r
S
ci
ence
Hi
gh
Scho
ol.
O
bs
ta
cl
es
in
K
nowle
dg
e
m
anag
em
ent
syst
e
m
(K
MS)
i
m
ple
m
entat
io
n
suc
h
as
exp
e
ns
i
ve
I
T
infr
a
struct
ure
as
well
as
m
ai
ntenan
ce
c
os
t
was
discusse
d
in
detai
l
and
reco
m
m
end
cl
oud
com
pu
ti
ng
a
s
al
te
rn
at
e
to
ov
erco
m
e
su
ch
ba
rr
ie
rs
.
Kno
wledg
e
Ma
na
ge
m
ent
Syst
e
m
Ag
il
e
Im
ple
m
entat
ion
Me
thodo
l
og
y
(K
MS
AI
M
)
use
d
for
cl
oud
base
d
KMS
i
m
ple
m
entat
io
n
with
PaaS
platfo
rm
fr
om
google
(App
E
ng
i
ne)
and
Mi
cr
os
oft
(
W
i
ndows
Az
ur
e
)
in
case
stud
y.
A
utho
r
al
so
highli
ght
th
at
the
non
-
te
c
hn
ic
al
barrier s
uc
h
as
gove
rn
m
ental
proce
dures
m
ay
also a
ca
us
e
f
or slo
w KMS i
m
ple
m
entat
ion
pro
ces
sin
g.
In
[
20
]
a
utho
r
f
ocu
s
on
gat
her
i
ng
an
d
sha
rin
g
the
te
ac
hing
e
xperien
ce
in
te
rm
of
knowle
dg
e
m
anag
em
ent
within
unive
rs
it
y
e
-
le
arn
in
g
env
i
ronm
ent
usi
ng
cl
oud
c
om
pu
ti
ng
an
d
Web
2.0
.
Cl
oud
base
d
knowle
dge
m
a
nag
em
ent
arc
hi
te
ct
ur
e
was
pro
posed
to
m
anag
e
the
best
te
aching
ex
pe
r
ie
nce
by
facil
it
at
ing
us
er
to
retrie
ve
an
d
s
ha
re
knowle
dge.
The
c
or
e
us
e
rs
of
cl
oud
base
d
knowle
dge
m
anage
m
ent
syst
e
m
with
i
n
un
i
ver
sit
y
are
le
arn
er
s,
instr
ucto
rs
an
d
de
velo
per
s
.
T
he
m
ai
n
m
od
ules
for
pro
pose
d
arch
it
ect
ure
inclu
de
knowle
dge
ac
qu
isi
ti
on,
ref
i
nem
ent
and
ret
rieval.
A
uthor
us
e
a
case
st
ud
y
t
o
te
sti
fy
the
resu
lt
by
us
i
ng
knowle
dge
c
re
at
ion
te
m
plate
as
an
exam
ple
in
m
any
adv
a
nt
ages
al
s
o
cl
ai
m
ed
by
a
utho
r
in
fa
vor
of
pro
po
s
ed
KMS.
A
detai
l
syst
em
at
ic
rev
ie
w
done
by
[21]
f
ocu
se
s
on
c
urren
t
iss
ues
in
knowle
dge
m
anag
em
ent
syst
e
m
s(K
MS)
.
A
uthor
i
den
t
ifie
d
seve
ral
pro
blem
s
bu
t
hi
gh
li
ghte
d
t
hr
e
e
i
m
po
rtant
i
s
su
es
a
fter
na
rrow
i
ng
the
res
ult
set
.
These
is
s
ues
in
know
le
dge
m
anag
em
ent
syst
e
m
are
new
te
chnolo
gy
ad
op
ti
on
in
KMS
,
bi
g
data
in K
MS
a
nd ca
pab
il
it
ie
s d
e
velop
m
ent and
fe
at
ur
es
of
KMS.
An
inte
rv
ie
w
base
d
em
pirica
l
research
car
ried
out
by
[22]
and
res
ult
sh
ows
that
cl
ou
d
com
pu
ti
ng
can
co
ntribute
in
knowle
dg
e
m
anag
em
ent
by
i
m
pr
ov
in
g
de
ci
sion
m
aking
pr
oc
esses,
re
s
pons
e
ti
m
e
red
uction,
prof
it
abili
ty
,
pro
blem
s
of
gro
wth
reducti
on
and
pro
duct
ivi
ty
.
Cl
ou
d
com
pu
ti
ng
im
ple
m
entat
ion
i
n
dif
fer
e
nt
areas
of
knowl
edg
e
m
anag
em
ent
discusse
d
i
n
detai
l
with
be
nef
it
s
that
inc
lud
e
acce
ssi
ng
la
te
st
te
chn
ol
og
y,
su
pp
or
ti
ng
to
ol
fo
r
knowle
dg
e
transf
e
r
a
nd
sh
ari
ng,
re
du
c
e
processin
g
ti
m
e,
reli
able
IT
resour
ce
a
vaila
bili
ty
with
pe
rfo
rm
a
nce.
Associ
at
ed
ris
k
inclu
de
no
c
ontr
ol
on
I
T
en
vironm
ent,
IT
sta
f
f
re
du
ct
ion
,
Cl
ou
d
s
erv
ic
es
dep
e
n
den
cy
,
lo
ss or
un
a
ut
horized
us
e
of h
i
gh profil
e d
at
a.
H.
Ra
m
ay
ani,
et
al
.
[
23
]
d
escri
bes
KM
thr
ough
cl
oud
c
om
pu
ti
ng
and
use
hi
gher
e
du
cat
i
on
insti
tuti
on
a
s
c
ase
stu
dy.
Lit
e
ratur
e
re
view
m
et
ho
dolo
gy
us
e
d
with
org
anizat
ion
al
K
M
portal
a
nd
PaaS
as
cl
oud
par
ti
ci
pa
nt.
T
he
res
ult
sh
ows
that
on
l
ine
KM
portal
can
i
ncr
ea
s
e
t
he
ov
e
rall
uni
ver
sit
y
pe
rfo
r
m
ance
by
boos
ti
ng
w
ork
ef
fici
ency
and
knowle
dg
e
of
em
plo
ye
e.
Au
th
or
belie
ve
s
that
the
sta
ff
co
op
e
rati
on
in
te
rm
of info
rm
ation
sh
ari
ng to
ward
s K
M i
s m
ai
n pil
la
r
of
KM s
uccess.
5.
KNOWL
EDG
E
MA
N
A
GEMENT
S
YS
T
EMS
USIN
G
CLOUD
C
O
MP
UT
IN
G
The
proces
s
of
gaining,
creati
ng
a
nd
dis
pe
nsi
ng
kn
ow
le
dg
e
belongs
to
kn
ow
le
dg
e
m
anag
em
ent
and
te
chnolo
gical
im
ple
m
enting
of
knowle
dge
m
anag
em
ent
in
organ
iz
at
io
n
is
cal
le
d
K
no
wled
ge
Ma
nage
m
ent
Syst
e
m
(K
MS)
[24,
25
]
.
P
re
sently
,
knowle
dg
e
m
anag
em
ent
has
gai
ned
hig
h
recog
niti
on
by
both
H
igh
e
r
Ed
ucati
on
al
a
nd
it
s
subsidi
aries
an
d
ear
ne
d
a
sp
ace
not
on
ly
for
kn
ow
le
dg
e
deliv
ery
b
ut
al
so
beco
m
e
a
sta
nd
a
rd
for
act
ivit
ie
s
rela
te
d
to
cu
rr
ic
ula
desig
n
an
d
knowle
dge
sha
rin
g
proce
sse
s.
He
nce,
knowle
dg
e
m
anag
em
ent
i
m
ple
m
entat
ion
will
sign
ific
a
ntly
el
evate
knowle
dge
st
ruct
ur
e,
aca
dem
i
c
processes
,
a
nd
ea
sy
decisi
on
m
aki
ng
for
m
anag
em
ent
in
higher
edu
cat
io
n.
F
urt
her,
kn
ow
le
dge
m
anag
em
en
t
i
m
ple
m
entat
i
on
c
a
n
dr
am
at
ic
ally
c
on
t
rib
ute
to
in
crem
ent
of
a
doptio
n
a
bili
ty
of
le
a
rn
i
ng
t
ools
via
ne
w
I
T
te
chnol
og
ie
s
assist
academ
ic
pr
oc
esses
[26].
The
incessant
inno
vative
ad
van
ce
m
ent
in
tod
ay
’
s
IT
industr
y
in
al
l
do
m
ai
ns
create
s
broa
d
s
pectr
um
of
oppo
rtu
ni
ti
es
fo
r
know
le
dg
e
m
anag
em
ent
to
furthe
r
e
xp
a
nd.
I
n
ot
her
w
ords
t
he
la
te
st
tren
ds
in
I
T
ob
li
gate
KM
to
al
ign
with
t
his
dyna
m
ic
e
nv
i
ronm
ent.
Cl
oud
com
pu
ti
ng
pro
vi
de
pra
ct
ic
a
l
m
anag
em
ent
too
ls
an
d
offers
in
te
r
net
s
pac
e
to
e
nsure
th
e
knowle
dge
a
tt
ai
nab
le
an
d
m
anag
eable
in
virt
ual
form
[26]
.
Cl
oud
c
om
pu
ti
ng’s
te
ch
no
l
og
y
can
be
le
ver
a
ged
to
m
anage
a
wi
de
ra
ng
e
of
kn
ow
le
dge
an
d
serv
ic
es
in or
de
r
to
ef
fecti
vely
m
eet
the n
ee
ds
of the
orga
ni
zat
ion
w
it
h
ef
f
ic
acy
.
Higher
E
ducat
ion
I
ns
ti
tuti
ons
are
su
f
fe
rin
g
new
c
halle
nge
s
includi
ng
dy
nam
ic
edu
cat
i
on
al
re
f
or
m
,
low
bu
dg
et
, ma
ss d
at
a creati
on, growin
g
ne
e
d
of
IT
inf
rastr
uctu
re,
in
novat
ive tren
ds
in
te
chnolo
gy and d
igit
al
edu
cat
io
nal
m
et
hodo
l
og
y.
T
hese
iss
ues
pa
y
at
te
nt
ion
f
or
co
ncern
a
ut
horiti
es
to
fi
nd
al
te
rn
at
e
a
nd
s
ta
te
of
the art s
olu
ti
on to ov
e
rc
om
e t
hese
pro
blem
s.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2088
-
8708
In
t J
Elec
&
C
om
p
En
g,
V
ol.
9
, N
o.
6
,
Dece
m
ber
201
9
:
5420
-
5427
5424
Cl
oud
ba
sed
knowle
dge
m
anag
em
ent
is
an
at
tract
ive
so
luti
on
for
a
bove
iss
ues
a
nd
m
eet
all
con
te
m
po
ra
ry
requirem
ents
for
any
org
anizat
ion
i
nclud
i
n
g
highe
r
edu
cat
i
on
i
nst
it
ution
.
Kno
wled
ge
m
anag
em
ent
can
be
ph
e
nom
enall
y
benefit
ed
with
the
cl
oud
com
pu
ti
ng
integrati
on
t
owar
ds
im
pr
ove
m
ent
in
decisi
on
m
aking
proce
ss,
re
sp
onse
tim
e
red
uctio
n
f
or
c
riti
cal
academ
ic
issues,
a
nd
knowle
dge
s
har
i
ng
coupled
with
a
dd
it
io
nal
set
of
be
ne
fits
[
22
]
.
In
or
der
t
o
ta
ke
a
dv
a
ntage
of
cl
oud
com
pu
ti
ng
im
ple
m
e
ntati
on
com
bin
ed
with
KM
c
oncepts,
any
functi
onal
m
od
el
bein
g
c
on
si
der
e
d
f
or
dev
el
op
m
ent
m
us
t
hav
e
a
bl
end
of
best
KM
pra
ct
ic
es
and
ap
pro
pr
ia
te
inf
ra
structu
re
f
or
bette
r
kno
wl
e
dg
e
m
anag
em
ent
an
d
knowle
dge
sh
ari
ng
[
27]
.
6.
ANALY
SIS
A
ND
DISCU
SS
ION
The
obj
ect
ive
of
t
his
stu
dy
i
s
to
perform
a
n
in
-
de
pth
syst
e
m
at
ic
rev
ie
w
of
t
he
li
te
rature
o
f
cl
oud
-
base
d
kn
ow
le
dge
m
anag
em
ent.
Des
pite
the
fact
that
this
is
a
highly
inter
est
ing
to
pic,
ve
ry
lim
i
te
d
res
earch
work h
a
s b
ee
n unde
rtake
n
in t
his ar
ea
. T
her
e
fore, dif
fer
e
nt rese
arch pa
pe
rs were
stu
died o
n
sim
i
la
r
top
ic
s that
con
cl
ud
e
d
cl
oud
c
om
pu
ti
ng
of
fe
rs
a
n
integrate
d
a
lt
ern
at
ive
s
olu
ti
on
t
o
kn
owle
dge
m
anag
em
ent
i
m
ple
m
entat
io
n.
Nev
e
rtheles
s,
ad
op
ti
on
of
new
te
c
hnolog
y
al
so
com
es
with
be
ne
fits,
risks
a
nd
c
hall
eng
e
s
.
Hen
ce
,
cl
oud
c
om
pu
ti
ng’s
la
t
est
te
chnolo
gic
al
featu
res
offe
r
on
dem
and
m
od
i
fied
so
l
utio
ns
t
o
orga
nizat
ion’s
sp
eci
fic
nee
ds
at
a r
eas
on
a
ble
co
st.
S
om
e o
f t
he
ass
ociat
ed bene
fits f
ro
m
H
EI
’s pe
rsp
ect
ive are:
a.
Plat
fo
rm
com
patibil
it
y
po
ses
a
m
ajo
r
c
halle
ng
e
t
ow
a
r
ds
s
hi
fting
to
ne
w
te
chnolo
gy
f
ro
m
existi
ng
one
that
requires
a
r
ob
us
t
an
d
flexi
bl
e
in
fr
a
struct
ure
to
m
eet
the
requirem
ent
of
ne
w
t
oo
ls
.
H
oweve
r,
cl
oud
adoptio
n
el
im
i
nates this c
hall
eng
e
b
y
offe
rin
g
Plat
f
or
m
as Se
rv
ic
e
(P
aaS
) f
eat
ur
es.
b.
Ra
pid
rate o
f n
ew
te
ch
nolo
gy
adoptio
n wit
h custom
iz
ed
fea
tures
is
anothe
r
b
e
nef
it
.
c.
Trad
it
io
nal
ad
op
ti
on
of
ne
w
te
ch
nolo
gy
is
com
plex
and
pos
es
a
huge
fina
nc
ia
l
bu
r
de
n
up
on
the
org
anizat
io
n
that
i
nvolv
es
knowle
dge
tra
ns
fe
r,
sta
ff
trai
ning,
a
nd
e
qu
i
pm
ent
costs.
O
ften
li
m
i
te
d
a
nd
ti
gh
tl
y
con
t
ro
ll
ed
budget
of
HEI
holds
bac
k
s
uch
ve
nture
s.
H
oweve
r,
cl
oud
offe
rs
a
c
os
t
ef
fecti
ve
a
nd
easy
to
m
anage ser
vices f
or t
echnolo
gical
a
doptio
n.
d.
Cl
oud
offe
rs
ve
ry
intuit
ive
an
d
us
e
r
-
fr
ie
ndly
knowle
dge
m
a
nag
em
ent
creati
ng
a
nd
s
ha
rin
g
opti
ons.
Offic
e
360 j
us
t
offer
s
tho
se
k
i
nd
s
of
so
luti
on.
D
eci
s
ion
m
aking be
com
es
m
uch
e
asi
er w
it
h
kn
owle
dge s
har
i
ng.
e.
Cl
oud
el
im
inate
s
the
risk
of
knowle
dge
secu
rity
with
know
le
dg
e
i
nteg
rati
on
by
offe
rin
g
a
highly
sec
ur
e
d
and b
e
ne
fici
al
p
ri
vate cl
oud f
eat
ur
e.
f.
On
dem
and
stora
ge
is
ve
ry
flexible
to
m
e
et
the
need
s
of
eve
r
-
gro
wing
data
for
any
orga
nizat
ion
w
it
h
reli
abili
ty
an
d sec
ur
it
y.
g.
Ma
nag
e
d
s
er
vi
ce
platfo
rm
featur
e
of
cl
ou
d
c
om
pu
ti
ng
is
highly
reli
a
ble
a
nd
al
igns
with
in
-
ho
use
infr
a
struct
ur
e
.
The
Se
rv
ic
e
Level
A
gr
ee
m
ent
(S
L
A)
offe
rs
a
gua
rant
eed
a
nd
unin
te
rr
upte
d
se
rv
i
ces
offer
i
ng all
yea
r
r
ound at al
l
ti
m
es. O
r
ga
nizat
ion
s
can
b
e
nef
i
t from
r
edun
da
nt po
ol of
IT
s
erv
ic
es.
[28]
A
s
urvey
co
nd
ucted
by
[
29
]
to
ide
ntify
the
exp
ect
e
d
ben
e
f
it
s
of
cl
ou
d
ad
op
ti
on
a
nd
res
ult
as
sho
wn
in Figu
re
3.
Figure
3.
P
rim
ary d
rive
rs/be
ne
fits f
or
cl
oud adopti
on
[29]
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
In
t J
Elec
&
C
om
p
En
g
IS
S
N:
20
88
-
8708
A revie
w o
n
cl
oud b
as
e
d
k
nowl
edg
e
m
anag
emen
t
i
n hig
he
r educ
ation
.
..
(
Ahmad Sh
ukri
Moh
d
No
or
)
5425
Desp
it
e
ad
va
nt
ages,
there
a
m
any
sh
or
tc
om
ing
and
c
halle
ng
es
po
se
d
by
cl
oud
-
base
d
knowle
dge
m
anag
em
ent. S
om
e o
f
t
hem
are:
a.
Data
m
igrati
on
a
nd
inte
gr
at
ion
is
a
m
ajo
r
chall
en
ge
w
hi
le
relocati
ng
data
f
ro
m
one
place
t
o
a
no
t
her
fo
ll
owe
d by int
egr
at
io
n
a
nd s
witc
hing
of v
e
ndors.
b.
Re
li
abili
t
y
of
the
data
ca
n
be
com
pr
om
ise
d
wh
il
e
m
ov
ing
sensiti
ve
data
i
n
the
c
om
pan
ie
s
who
a
re
ne
w
t
o
ado
ptio
n
of
th
is
te
chnolo
gy.
He
nce
cl
ou
d
com
pu
ti
ng
is
m
or
e
reco
m
m
end
e
d
with
hi
gh
ly
e
xp
e
rienc
ed
orga
nizat
ion
s
.
c.
Ser
vice pro
vide
r depe
ndency
is an
oth
er
ch
al
l
eng
e
pose
d by
this te
ch
no
l
og
y
.
d.
Data
pri
vacy
and
sec
ur
it
y
is
al
ways
at
risk
wh
il
e
m
ov
in
g
data
to
cl
ou
d
tha
t
m
ay
be
com
pr
ise
d
wi
th
cy
ber
crim
e.
e.
Trad
it
io
n
IT
i
nfrastr
uctu
re
is
possibly
m
o
re
r
obus
t
m
ain
ta
in
an
d
handle
data
sto
ra
ge
as
op
posed
t
o
locat
ion
on cl
oud.
Cl
oud
chall
en
ges
de
scri
be
by
[30]
base
d
on
researc
h
cond
ucted
by
En
te
r
pr
ise
Pa
ne
l
(N
at
io
na
l
In
sti
tute
of
Stand
a
r
ds
an
d
Te
chnolo
gy
(
NI
S
T),
20
09)
in
A
ug
2008
as
s
ho
wn
in
Fi
g
ure
4.
The
Fig
ur
e
4
resu
lt
sh
ow
n
that
secur
it
y
rem
a
ins
the
m
a
in
chall
eng
e
s
eve
n
ti
ll
date
and
rest
of
chall
en
ges
m
ini
m
iz
ed
accor
ding
to
cl
oud
com
pu
ti
ng
m
at
ur
it
y
with
the
pa
ssag
e
of
ti
m
e.
T
he
Fig
ure
5
sho
ws
t
he
be
ne
fits
an
d
chall
en
ges
of
Cl
oud
Com
pu
ti
ng
with
(
)
c
hec
k
m
ark an
d (
)
cr
oss co
rr
es
po
nd
i
ng
ly
.
Figure
4
.
Cl
oud
c
om
pu
ti
ng
a
doptio
n
c
halle
ng
e
s (NI
ST,
20
09)
Figure
5
.
Be
ne
fits an
d
C
halle
ng
e
s
of
cl
oud b
ased
knowle
dg
e m
anag
em
ent
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2088
-
8708
In
t J
Elec
&
C
om
p
En
g,
V
ol.
9
, N
o.
6
,
Dece
m
ber
201
9
:
5420
-
5427
54
26
7.
CONCL
US
I
O
N
This
stu
dy
co
nclu
des
with
t
he
disc
us
sio
n
of
inte
gr
at
io
n
of
kn
ow
le
dge
m
anag
em
ent
and
cl
ou
d
com
pu
ti
ng
be
nef
it
s
with
Hi
gh
e
r
E
du
cat
io
n
I
ns
ti
tuti
ons.
The
res
ults
ind
ic
at
e
that
cl
oud
-
base
d
k
no
wled
ge
m
anag
em
ent
offer
c
os
t
ef
f
ect
ive
te
chnol
og
ic
al
an
d
m
et
hodical
so
lu
ti
on
s.
T
he
cl
oud
base
d
knowle
dge
m
anag
em
ent
will
el
evate
th
e
insti
tuti
on’s
su
ccess
with
a
n
upwa
rd
s
hif
t
in
the
edu
cat
ion
al
m
et
ho
dolo
gy.
Con
se
quently
,
this
will
yi
e
ld
pro
visio
n
of
bes
t
kn
ow
l
edg
e
sh
a
rin
g
pr
act
ic
es
be
tw
een
intra
a
nd
inter
insti
tuti
on
s.
A
dd
it
io
nally
,
it
will
fu
rt
her
as
sist
decisi
on
m
aking
proces
ses
m
or
e
accu
rate
an
d
ef
fici
ent
with
rob
us
t
data
re
li
abili
ty
.
Last
l
y,
te
achin
g
lo
ad
m
anag
em
e
nt
an
d
te
ache
r
-
st
ud
e
nt
com
m
un
ic
at
ion
wi
ll
be
enh
a
nce
d.
E
ve
ntu
al
ly
,
the
com
m
un
it
y
wo
ul
d
be
be
ne
f
it
ed
with
knowle
dge
ser
ving.
Th
e
benefi
ts
and
chall
enges
go
ha
nd
in
ha
nd
with
t
he
a
doptio
n
of
ne
w
te
ch
no
l
og
y
s
w
it
chin
g
from
existi
ng
syst
e
m
to
the n
ew on
e
. How
e
ve
r,
li
te
ratur
e re
view
in
di
cat
es that
ben
e
fits are f
ar m
or
e
prom
is
ing
; count m
or
e in n
um
ber
that
te
nd
to
s
hado
w
the
ch
al
le
ng
es.
Non
et
heless
chall
eng
e
s
sti
ll
nee
d
s
to
be
a
ddr
essed
an
d
can
no
t
be
total
ly
ign
ored
.
More
ov
e
r,
t
he a
bove
id
entifi
e
d
chall
e
ng
es m
us
t be c
onside
r
ed
to m
anag
e a
nd
a
ddres
sed
a
ccordin
g
to
the
nee
ds
of
a
n
orga
nizat
ion
.
Acc
ordin
g
t
o
the
Cl
ou
d
Indu
st
ry
F
orum
’s
re
port,
99%
of
cl
oud
-
ba
sed
KM
S
us
ers
ha
ve
ba
r
el
y
exp
e
rience
d
a
ny
secu
rity
br
ea
ch
e
ve
n
t
hough
data
se
cur
it
y
is
a
m
a
j
or
no
ta
ble
c
oncer
n.
Last
ly
,
cl
oud
c
om
pu
ti
ng
will
al
low
or
gan
iz
a
ti
on
s
to
bette
r
perform
with
eff
ect
ive
dig
it
al
so
luti
ons
a
nd
hav
e
a
com
petit
ive ad
van
ta
ge of
an
y
orga
nizat
ion
s
.
ACKN
OWLE
DGE
MENTS
This
resea
rc
h
is
fund
e
d
by
Fu
ndam
ental
Re
search
Gr
a
nt
Sc
hem
e
(F
RG
S)
with
the
Re
f:
FRGS/1/
2018/
ICT0
4/UMT/
02/2.
FR
GS
is
a
researc
h gr
a
nt
from
the Minist
ry o
f
E
du
cat
io
n (MOE
)
Ma
la
ysi
a
REFERE
NCE
S
[1]
C.
W
ang,
et
al.,
“
A
fra
m
ework
for
m
ana
gement
of
m
assive
knowledge
in
cl
oud
envi
ronm
ent
,”
Bi
omed
ic
a
l
Engi
ne
ering
and
Informatic
s (
B
MEI
)
,
2014
7th
I
nte
rnational
Co
nfe
renc
e
on
,
201
4.
[2]
N.
K.
Agarwal
and
L.
N
.
Maro
uf,
“
Init
i
at
ing
k
nowledge
m
anagem
ent
in
co
lle
g
es
and
unive
rsi
ti
es:
A
t
emplat
e
,”
Inte
rnational
Jo
urnal
of
Know
ledge
Cont
ent
D
evel
opment
&
Technol
ogy
,
vol
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p
p.
67
-
95
,
2014
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Schm
it
z,
et
a
l
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,
“
Univer
siti
es
as
Know
le
dge
Inte
nsive
Business
Servic
es
–
A
Sy
stemati
c
L
it
er
at
u
re
Revi
ew
and
a
Case
Stud
y
of
a
Resea
rch
Group
,”
Inte
rnationa
l
J
ournal
of
Engi
ne
ering
and
Innov
ati
v
e
Technol
og
y
(
IJE
IT)
,
vol.
3,
2014
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C.
A.
Adam
s,
“
Sus
ta
ina
bilit
y
r
e
porti
ng
and
per
f
orm
anc
e
m
ana
g
ement
in
u
n
ive
r
siti
es:
Ch
al
l
enges
and
ben
efi
ts
,”
Sustainabi
lity
Account
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,
Mana
geme
nt
and
Po
licy Journal
,
vol
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p
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384
-
392
,
2013
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[5]
A.
Al
-
Rashee
d
,
et
a
l.
,
“
Towa
rd
a
Cloud
Based
Know
le
dge
Ma
nage
m
ent
S
y
s
tem
of
E
-
le
arn
ing
Best
Prac
t
ices,
”
New
P
erspec
tive
s in
Information
Syste
ms
and
Te
c
hnologi
es
,
Sprin
ger
,
vo
l. 1, p
p.
1
15
-
125
,
2014
.
[6]
C.
Sterg
iou
and
K.
E
.
Ps
anni
s,
“
Eff
icient
and
se
cur
e
BIG
d
ata
d
el
iv
er
y
in
Cloud
Com
puti
ng
,”
M
ult
imedi
a
Tools
and
Applications
,
vol
.
76
,
p
p
.
228
03
-
22822
,
2017
.
[7]
M.
Rafi
q,
et
al.,
“
Innova
ti
ve
t
re
nds
in
knowledg
e
m
ana
gement
:
A
cl
oud
comput
ing
per
spec
ti
ve
,”
Proceedi
ngs
o
f
the
Fi
rs
t
Midd
l
e
East
Confe
re
nce
on
Global
Busine
ss
,
Ec
o
nomics,
F
inance
and
Banking
(
ME14
DU
BAI
Confe
renc
e)
,
20
16.
[8]
R.
Alex
ande
r
,
“
Im
pli
ci
t
,
Tacit,
or
Expl
i
ci
t
:
All
Kn
owled
ge
Is
Valu
abl
e
.
Avai
la
b
le
:
htt
ps://
b
loomfire
.
com/blog/im
plicit
-
t
acit
-
exp
licit
-
knowledge
/
.
[9]
V.
S.
Ananta
tmula,
“
Designing
Mea
ningful
KM
Proce
ss
es
to
Im
prove
Organi
zational
Learn
ing
,”
Tr
ends
in
Information
Ma
nageme
nt
,
vol
5,
2009.
[10]
L.
W
h
y
t
e,
“
Deve
lopment
of
a
K
nowledge
m
an
ag
ement
stra
te
g
y
f
or
acade
m
ic sta
f
f
,”
2008
.
[11]
M.
A.
Is
m
ai
l
a
nd
L.
Chua
,
“
Im
pli
ca
ti
on
of
k
nowledge
m
anagem
ent
(KM
)
i
n
highe
r
le
arn
i
ng
insti
tut
ion
,”
Inte
rnationa
l
Co
nfe
renc
e
on
Kno
wle
dge
Manage
ment,
PWTC,
Ku
ala
Lum
pur
,
200
5.
[12]
M.
Laal
,
“
Know
le
dge
m
ana
geme
nt
in
highe
r
edu
c
at
ion
,”
Proce
d
ia
Computer
Sc
ie
n
ce
,
vol
.
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,
p
p
.
54
4
-
549
,
2011
.
[13]
M.
Al
-
Qurishi,
et
a
l.
,
“
A
fra
m
ework
of
knowle
dge
m
ana
gemen
t
as
a
serv
ice
o
ver
cl
oud
c
om
puti
ng
pl
at
form
,”
Proce
ed
ings
of
the
Int
ernati
o
nal
Conf
ere
nce
on
Int
el
l
ige
n
t
Information
Pr
oce
ss
ing,
S
ec
uri
ty
and
Ad
vanc
e
d
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unic
ati
on
,
2015.
[14]
I.
Arpac
i
,
“
Und
ersta
nding
and
p
red
icting
students
'
int
en
ti
on
to
u
se
m
obil
e
cl
oud
storage
servic
es
,”
Computers
in
Hum
an
Be
havi
o
r
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0
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157
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[15]
K.
S
.
Slabe
va
,
et
al.
,
“
Grid
an
d
cl
oud
computing:
a
business
per
spec
ti
v
e
on
te
chnol
og
y
an
d
appl
icati
ons
,”
Heide
lb
erg
[Ger
m
an
y
]
,
New Yor
k
,
Springer
,
201
0
.
[16]
“
Cloud
Com
put
ing
–
T
y
p
es
of
Cloud
,”
2018
.
Avail
able
:
https
:/
/www
.
esds.co.in/
blog
/cloud
-
computing
-
t
y
pes
-
cl
oud/#stha
sh
.
4Jhcx7fb.
dpbs
.
[17]
“
Cloud
computi
ng
.”
Av
ai
l
abl
e
fr
om
:
htt
ps://
en.
wi
kipe
di
a.
org/wik
i
/Cl
oud_computi
ng
.
[18]
I.
Arpac
i
,
“
Antec
ed
ent
s
and
c
onseque
nce
s
of
cl
oud
computi
ng
adopt
ion
in
educ
ation
to
a
chi
ev
e
knowled
ge
m
ana
gement
,”
C
omputers i
n
Hu
man B
ehavior
,
v
ol.
70
,
p
p
.
382
-
3
90
,
2017
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
In
t J
Elec
&
C
om
p
En
g
IS
S
N:
20
88
-
8708
A revie
w o
n
cl
oud b
as
e
d
k
nowl
edg
e
m
anag
emen
t
i
n hig
he
r educ
ation
.
..
(
Ahmad Sh
ukri
Moh
d
No
or
)
5427
[19]
M.
A.
Mos
te
fai
,
et
al.
,
“
Im
ple
m
ent
ing
knowledge
m
ana
gement
s
y
stems
in
cl
oud
-
base
d
envi
ronm
e
nts:
A
ca
se
stu
d
y
in
a
computer
scie
nc
e
high
school
,”
Cloud
Technol
og
ie
s
and
Appl
ic
at
ions
(CloudTec
h)
,
2015
Inte
rnational
Confe
renc
e
on
,
2015.
[20]
A.
Al
-
Rashee
d
,
et
a
l.
,
“
Towa
rd
a
Cloud
B
ase
d
Know
le
dge
Ma
nage
m
ent
S
y
s
tem
of
E
-
le
arn
ing
Best
Prac
t
ices
,”
2014.
[21]
K.
Iskanda
r,
et
a
l.
,
“
Curre
nt
Iss
ue
on
Know
le
dge
Mana
gement
S
y
stem
for
fu
ture
rese
ar
ch:
a
S
y
st
emati
c
Li
t
eratur
e
Revi
ew
,”
Procedia
Computer
S
c
ie
nc
e
,
vol. 116,
p
p.
68
-
80
,
2017
.
[22]
A.
Rot
and
M.
S
obinska,
“
Know
le
dge
Mana
geme
nt
in
The
Cloud
Com
puti
ng
Mod
el
-
Cha
ll
eng
es,
Opportunit
i
es
and
Risks
,”
C
omputi
ng
,
vol
.
11
,
p
p
.
1
7
-
19
,
2017
.
[23]
H.
Rama
y
an
i,
et
al.
,
“
Im
proving
orga
ni
za
t
ional
knowledge
m
an
age
m
ent
(KM
)
t
hrough
cl
oud
ba
sed
platform
in
highe
r
edu
catio
n
,”
Information
Manage
ment
a
nd
Technol
ogy
(
ICIMTec
h)
,
20
17
Inte
rnationa
l
Confe
renc
e
on
,
2017.
[24]
D.
J
.
Jim
éne
z,
et
al
.
,
“
Know
le
dg
e
m
ana
gement
pra
ctice
s
for
inno
vat
ion:
a
m
ult
ina
ti
on
al
cor
pora
tion’s
per
spec
ti
ve
,”
Journal
of
Know
le
dge
Manage
m
ent
,
vol
.
18
,
p
p
.
905
-
918
,
2014
.
[25]
“
Know
le
dge
Mana
gement
S
y
st
ems
,”
2018
.
A
vai
l
abl
e
h
tt
p:
//
w
ww
.
knowledge
-
m
ana
gement
-
too
ls.ne
t
/knowle
dge
-
m
ana
gement.
ph
p
[26]
S.
Bhatia,
“
Cloud
-
Based
Kn
owledge
Man
a
gement
S
y
st
e
m
s:
Bene
fit
s
and
Risks
,”
2
016
.
Avai
la
bl
e
:
htt
p://ww
w.sm
b
ce
o.
com/2016/0
6/27/
cl
oud
-
b
ase
d
-
knowledge
-
m
a
nage
m
ent
-
s
y
s
tem
s
-
bene
fit
s
-
and
-
r
isks/
.
[27]
S.
Bim
ol,
et
al.,
“
Achie
ving
kn
owledge
m
ana
g
ement
through
Cloud
Com
puti
ng:
A
ca
se
in
h
ighe
r
edu
ca
t
ion
,”
2014
Inte
rnat
ion
al
Conf
ere
nce o
n
Computing for Sustai
nabl
e
Glo
bal
Dev
el
opmen
t
(
INDIACom
)
,
2014.
[28]
“
Advanta
ges
a
nd
Disadva
nta
g
es
of
Cloud
Com
puti
ng
,
”
2
019
.
Availabl
e:
htt
ps://
ww
w.l
e
vel
c
loud.
ne
t/
wh
y
-
le
ve
lc
loud
/c
loud
-
educ
a
ti
on
-
c
ente
r/a
dvan
ta
ges
-
an
d
-
disadva
nt
age
s
-
of
-
cl
oud
-
comp
ut
ing/
.
[29]
T.
Kajiy
am
a,
et
al
.
,
“
To
cl
oud
or
not
to
cl
oud:
how
risks
and
thre
a
ts
are
aff
e
c
ti
ng
cl
oud
adop
ti
on
decisions
,”
Information
&
C
omputer
Sec
uri
t
y
,
vo
l. 25,
p
p.
63
4
-
659
,
2017
.
[30]
Noor
A.S
.M.,
D
eri
s
M.M.,
“F
ailure
rec
ove
ry
mechan
i
sm
i
n
ne
i
gh
bor
repli
c
a
d
i
stri
bu
ti
on
ar
c
hit
ectur
e,”
Lectu
re
Notes in
Comput
er Sci
ence
.Vol. 6
377 LNCS, Iss
ue
M4D
,
2010,
P
ag
es
41
-
48.
Spri
nger Natur
e.
2010.
[31]
Mohd.
Noor,
A.
S.,
Mat
Der
i
s,
M.
“Extend
ed
h
eartbea
t
mecha
nism
for
fau
l
t
de
tect
i
on
se
rvi
c
e
method
ol
ogy”
Communic
ati
o
ns
in
Computer an
d Informati
on Sc
i
ence
Vol
. 63, pp.
88
-
95. Sp
ri
ng
er
Nature.
2009
BIOGR
AP
H
I
ES
OF
A
UTH
ORS
Dr.
Ah
mad
Sh
u
kri
Mohd
Noor
is
an
As
sociate
Profess
or
of
Com
pute
r
Scie
n
ce
and
Deput
y
D
ean
at
School
of
Info
rm
at
ic
s
Applie
d
Mathe
m
at
i
cs,
Univer
siti
Ma
lay
si
a
Te
r
engga
nu
(U
MT),
Malay
si
a.
He
has
publi
she
d
m
ore
tha
n
50
r
ese
arc
h
pape
rs
i
n
var
ious
ref
err
e
d
journa
ls,
conf
e
ren
ce
s,
sem
ina
rs
and
s
y
m
posium
s.
He is
a
lso a
ppo
int
ed
as
Ed
it
or
f
or
var
ious Sc
opu
s inde
xed
journals (spec
i
al
issue)
and
conf
ere
nc
es.
He
rev
ie
ws
va
rious
pape
rs
in
ref
ereed
journ
als
such
as
IEE
E
and
El
sev
ie
r
.
H
e
was
appoi
nte
d
a
s
Gene
ral
Chai
r
and
te
chnica
l
c
om
m
it
te
e
for
var
ious
conf
ere
nc
e
s.
He
rec
ei
v
ed
seve
ral
invitatio
ns
as
invi
t
ed
spea
ker
for
var
i
ous
conf
ere
n
ce
s
.
He
is
al
so
a
Google
Onlin
e
Profess
iona
l
Cer
ti
fie
d
as
well a
s
Cloud
Profess
iona
l
C
ert
if
ie
d
.
Mr.
Muhammad
Younas
is
a
sec
ond
y
e
ar
PhD
student
Resea
rch
Schol
ar
in
the
School
o
f
Inform
at
ic
s
Applie
d
Ma
the
m
atics,
Unive
rsiti
Malay
s
ia
Te
r
en
gganu
(UM
T),
Malay
sia
.
Mr.
Muham
m
ad
Yo
unas
obta
ine
d
h
is
Master
and
Bac
he
lor
degr
e
e
s
in
Com
pute
r
Scie
nc
e
from
GC
Univer
sit
y
and
Bahuddi
n
Z
aka
r
i
a
Univer
si
t
y
,
Pa
kista
n
r
espe
ctive
l
y
.
His
cur
ren
t
re
sea
rch
fo
cuse
d
in
the
field
of
cl
o
ud
base
d
knowledge
m
ana
geme
nt
and
its
fra
m
eworks
withi
n
highe
r
educat
io
n
insti
tutions
.
He
worked
as
a
soft
ware
engi
ne
er
in
one
of
th
e
f
amous
orga
nizati
on
of
Pakist
an
.
Dr.
Muhammad
Arsh
a
d
work
ing
as
an
As
sis
ta
nt
Profess
or
in
Dea
nship
of
E
-
Learni
ng
and
Inform
at
ion
Tec
hnolog
y
of
Ja
zan
Univer
sit
y
,
K
ingdom
of
Saudi
Arabi
a
.
He
has
succ
essfull
y
complet
ed
PhD
in
El
e
ct
ri
ca
l
and
El
ectroni
c
Eng
i
nee
ring
from
Univer
siti
T
eknol
o
gi
PETRONA
S
,
Malay
s
ia
and
MS
c
in
Mobile
an
d
High
Speed
T
el
e
comm
unic
at
i
on
Networks
with
disti
nction
from
Oxford
Brookes
Univer
sit
y
,
Un
it
ed
Kingdom
.
.
He
has
publi
s
hed
rese
a
rch
pa
per
s
in
var
ious
ref
err
ed
journa
l
s,
conf
ere
n
ce
s,
sem
ina
rs
and
sy
m
posium
s.
He
is
Gradua
te
m
ember
of
Brit
is
h
Com
pute
r
Societ
y
,
Profess
iona
l
m
ember
of
Inteerna
t
iona
l
As
soc
ia
ti
on
of
Eng
ineers
and
l
ife
t
ime
m
embership
of P
aki
stan Engi
ne
eri
ng
Coun
ci
l
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.