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.
5
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s
:
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ctio
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C
lo
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er
v
ice
p
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C
SP
)
C
lo
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m
p
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ti
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g
e
n
v
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n
m
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n
t
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)
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ac
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tu
al
m
ac
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in
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(
VM
)
Co
p
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rig
h
t
©
2
0
1
7
In
stit
u
te o
f
A
d
v
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n
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e
d
E
n
g
i
n
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rin
g
a
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d
S
c
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.
Al
l
rig
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ts
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rv
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d
.
C
o
r
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s
p
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ing
A
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:
Su
n
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ta
Mo
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Sch
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o
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I
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Un
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s
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m
ail: s
u
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ee
ta
m
o
h
a
n
t
y
@
g
m
a
il.c
o
m
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
(
1
0
P
T
)
C
lo
u
d
C
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
E
n
v
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n
m
e
n
t(
C
C
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)
e
n
ab
les
t
h
e
c
lo
u
d
u
s
er
s
to
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ep
lo
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t
h
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ap
p
licatio
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s
i
n
clo
u
d
v
ia
I
n
ter
n
et
o
n
d
e
m
a
n
d
[
1
]
.
C
lo
u
d
is
a
t
y
p
e
o
f
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
a
n
d
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ter
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ted
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alize
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ar
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y
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m
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m
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n
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o
m
p
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ased
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n
Ser
v
ice
L
ev
el
A
g
r
ee
m
en
t
(
S
L
A
)
[
2
]
[
3
]
u
s
in
g
p
a
y
p
er
u
s
e
m
o
d
el.
A
t
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
ti
m
e,
C
lo
u
d
Ser
v
ice
P
r
o
v
id
er
g
et
b
en
ef
it
d
u
e
to
co
m
m
er
cial
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n
o
f
h
u
g
e
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
r
eso
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r
ce
s
th
r
o
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g
h
clo
u
d
p
latf
o
r
m
.
S
L
A
i
s
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le
g
al
co
n
tr
ac
t
b
et
w
e
en
C
SP
an
d
clo
u
d
u
s
er
to
ac
h
iev
e
Qu
al
it
y
o
f
Ser
v
ice(
Qo
S)
[
3
]
.
A
v
ir
t
u
aliz
atio
n
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t
en
ab
le
s
th
e
s
er
v
ice
p
r
o
v
is
io
n
b
y
cr
ea
ti
n
g
V
ir
tu
al
Ma
c
h
i
n
e
in
s
ta
n
ce
s
w
h
ich
h
a
s
b
ec
o
m
e
th
e
e
s
s
e
n
tial
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
o
f
C
lo
u
d
C
o
m
p
u
t
in
g
E
n
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
ts
[
4
].
Vir
t
u
a
l
Ma
ch
i
n
es
ar
e
t
h
e
s
o
f
t
w
ar
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m
p
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m
en
ta
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m
p
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e
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m
en
t
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a
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O
S
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p
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o
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a
m
m
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in
s
ta
lled
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d
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.
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r
r
en
tl
y
f
i
x
ed
-
p
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ice
allo
ca
tio
n
m
ec
h
an
is
m
is
u
s
ed
b
y
m
o
s
t
o
f
t
h
e
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SP
s
to
allo
ca
te
Vir
tu
a
l
Ma
ch
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n
e
i
n
s
ta
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ce
s
to
th
e
ir
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s
er
.
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lo
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d
C
o
m
p
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ti
n
g
E
n
v
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m
e
n
t
o
f
f
er
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aa
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(
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n
f
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astr
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e
as
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Ser
v
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aa
S
(
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latf
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m
as
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Ser
v
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an
d
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f
t
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as
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S
er
v
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o
n
th
e
b
asis
o
f
s
u
b
s
cr
ip
tio
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th
at
h
elp
s
d
if
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er
e
n
t
o
r
g
an
iza
tio
n
s
in
d
ec
r
ea
s
in
g
o
p
er
atio
n
al
ex
p
en
s
e
s
.
I
n
f
i
x
ed
p
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ice
m
ec
h
a
n
is
m
,
clo
u
d
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s
er
w
h
o
v
al
u
e
s
th
e
V
M
i
n
s
ta
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ce
s
m
o
r
e
m
a
y
o
r
m
a
y
n
o
t
g
et
ac
ce
s
s
to
it.
He
n
ce
it
is
n
o
t
ec
o
n
o
m
icall
y
e
f
f
i
cien
t[
5
]
.
A
ls
o
f
i
x
ed
p
r
ice
allo
ca
tio
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m
ec
h
a
n
is
m
s
m
a
y
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e
n
er
ate
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ev
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n
u
e
w
h
ic
h
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s
les
s
t
h
an
o
p
ti
m
al
r
ev
en
u
e
f
o
r
C
SP
[
5
]
.
T
h
is
p
r
o
b
lem
ca
n
b
e
ad
d
r
ess
e
d
b
y
u
s
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n
g
a
u
ct
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b
ased
VM
in
s
tan
ce
s
allo
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tio
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m
ec
h
an
i
s
m
.
Secu
r
i
t
y
is
th
e
m
aj
o
r
co
n
ce
r
n
in
clo
u
d
[
6
]
an
d
p
r
iv
ac
y
p
r
eser
v
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n
is
r
eq
u
ir
ed
to
ac
h
ie
v
e
th
e
in
te
g
r
it
y
o
f
d
ata[
1
5
]
.
I
n
th
is
p
ap
er
,
w
e
p
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o
p
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s
ed
a
p
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ased
V
M
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ta
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allo
ca
tio
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ch
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me
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u
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b
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C
SP
w
h
ic
h
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
J
E
C
E
Vo
l.
7
,
No
.
5
,
Octo
b
er
2
0
1
7
:
2
6
4
5
–
2
6
5
0
2646
w
il
l
h
elp
i
n
s
elec
ti
n
g
t
h
e
w
i
n
n
er
o
f
t
h
e
a
u
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n
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t
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ee
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n
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al
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o
f
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ar
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an
ts
o
f
t
h
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clo
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s
.
Th
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p
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is
o
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g
an
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as
f
o
llo
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s
:
Sect
io
n
2
d
is
cu
s
s
e
s
th
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e
x
is
t
in
g
p
r
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g
s
c
h
e
m
es
i
n
C
C
E
.
Sectio
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3
p
r
o
p
o
s
es
a
p
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s
ch
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m
e
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VM
in
s
ta
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s
al
lo
ca
tio
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.
Sect
io
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4
d
is
cu
s
s
es
t
h
e
ex
p
er
i
m
e
n
tal
r
es
u
lt a
n
a
l
y
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is
.
L
astl
y
s
ec
tio
n
5
co
n
cl
u
d
es t
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e
w
o
r
k
alo
n
g
w
i
th
it
s
f
u
t
u
r
e
s
co
p
e.
2.
RE
L
AT
E
D
WO
RK
T
h
r
o
u
g
h
C
lo
u
d
C
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
E
n
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t(
C
C
E
)
,
i
n
d
iv
id
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al
an
d
s
m
all
to
lar
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e
o
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an
i
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tio
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ca
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f
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lf
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co
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p
u
tatio
n
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eq
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ir
e
m
e
n
t
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w
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m
i
n
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m
u
m
co
s
t.
I
t
is
b
ec
o
m
in
g
cr
itical
f
o
r
th
e
s
ev
er
al
C
lo
u
d
S
er
v
ice
P
r
o
v
id
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s
(
C
SP
)
to
d
et
er
m
in
e
ap
p
r
o
p
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p
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ice
f
o
r
u
s
er
s
.
T
h
er
e
ex
i
s
t
m
a
n
y
p
r
icin
g
s
ch
e
m
e
s
f
o
r
C
lo
u
d
Ser
v
ice
P
r
o
v
id
er
s
w
h
ic
h
ar
e
b
r
o
ad
ly
clas
s
i
f
ied
in
to
f
ix
ed
a
n
d
d
y
n
a
m
ic
p
r
ici
n
g
s
ch
e
m
e.
C
C
E
p
r
o
v
id
es
t
h
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
co
m
p
u
tat
io
n
al
n
ee
d
s
o
f
t
h
e
clo
u
d
u
s
er
in
ter
m
s
o
f
Vir
tu
a
l
Ma
c
h
in
e
s
(
VM
)
in
p
a
y
p
er
u
s
e
b
asis
.
I
n
cu
r
r
e
n
t
s
ce
n
ar
io
,
th
e
m
aj
o
r
ity
o
f
C
lo
u
d
Ser
v
ice
P
r
o
v
id
er
f
ix
th
ei
r
p
r
ice
b
ased
o
n
th
e
s
ize
o
f
VM
i
n
s
ta
n
ce
s
.
Fi
x
ed
p
r
icin
g
s
c
h
e
m
e
i
s
o
n
e
o
f
t
h
e
w
id
el
y
u
s
ed
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
in
C
C
E
.
I
n
f
ix
ed
p
r
ice
m
ec
h
a
n
i
s
m
,
VM
i
n
s
ta
n
ce
s
ar
e
allo
ca
ted
o
n
a
f
ir
s
t
-
co
m
e,
f
i
r
s
t
-
s
er
v
e
b
asi
s
to
t
h
e
u
s
er
s
t
i
l
l
th
e
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
ar
e
ex
h
a
u
s
ted
[
7
]
.
Use
o
f
f
i
x
ed
p
r
i
ce
s
ch
e
m
e
m
a
y
te
n
d
to
lo
w
er
th
e
r
e
v
en
u
e
g
en
er
atio
n
f
o
r
th
e
C
SP
as
t
h
e
clo
u
d
u
s
er
p
a
y
les
s
f
o
r
u
s
in
g
th
e
s
a
m
e
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
f
o
r
a
lo
n
g
p
er
io
d
.
So
to
ad
d
r
ess
th
e
p
r
o
b
lem
o
f
h
i
g
h
r
e
v
en
u
e
g
en
er
atio
n
f
o
r
C
SP
,
a
u
ctio
n
b
ased
p
r
icin
g
s
c
h
e
m
e
is
u
s
ed
.
I
n
d
y
n
a
m
ic
p
r
ici
n
g
s
ch
e
m
e,
f
in
al
s
er
v
ice
p
r
ice
is
d
ec
id
ed
d
y
n
a
m
icall
y
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
a
u
ctio
n
s
.
Au
ctio
n
b
ased
p
r
icin
g
s
c
h
e
m
e
f
o
llo
w
s
d
y
n
a
m
ic
p
r
icin
g
p
o
lic
y
w
h
er
e
a
tar
g
e
t
s
er
v
ice
p
r
ice
is
ac
h
i
ev
ed
r
es
u
lti
n
g
f
r
o
m
d
y
n
a
m
ic
s
u
p
p
l
y
a
n
d
d
e
m
an
d
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
a
u
ctio
n
.
C
o
m
b
i
n
ato
r
ial
a
u
ctio
n
i
n
C
C
E
allo
w
s
th
e
u
s
er
to
b
u
y
a
b
u
n
d
le
o
f
VM
i
n
s
tan
ce
s
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
a
u
c
tio
n
w
h
ic
h
is
p
r
o
f
itab
le
to
b
o
th
th
e
b
u
y
er
an
d
s
eller
.
Fo
r
th
e
e
n
tire
b
u
n
d
le,
b
id
is
s
u
b
m
itt
ed
as a
s
in
g
le
u
n
it.
Z
a
m
an
an
d
Gr
o
s
u
[
7
]
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
d
a
co
m
b
in
ato
r
ial
a
u
ctio
n
m
ec
h
an
i
s
m
w
h
ic
h
allo
w
s
t
h
e
clo
u
d
u
s
er
s
to
b
id
f
o
r
a
s
u
b
s
et
o
f
a
VM
in
s
t
an
ce
s
(
b
u
n
d
le)
.
C
lo
u
d
Ser
v
ice
P
r
o
v
id
er
b
ein
g
th
e
au
ctio
n
ee
r
s
elec
ts
th
e
w
in
n
er
h
av
i
n
g
th
e
h
ig
h
es
t
b
id
v
alu
e
f
o
r
th
at
p
ar
ticu
lar
b
u
n
d
le
o
f
VM
in
s
ta
n
ce
s
.
I
n
t
h
eir
w
o
r
k
,
th
e
y
h
av
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
CA
-
GR
E
E
DY
an
d
C
A
-
L
P
m
e
ch
an
i
s
m
to
p
er
f
o
r
m
co
m
b
i
n
at
o
r
ial
au
ctio
n
.
T
h
e
y
a
n
al
y
s
ed
t
h
e
p
r
o
s
a
n
d
co
n
s
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
ec
h
a
n
i
s
m
s
an
d
p
r
o
v
id
ed
th
e
g
u
id
eli
n
es
f
o
r
its
i
m
p
le
m
en
ta
tio
n
.
P
r
asad
et
al.
[
8
]
p
r
esen
ted
a
p
r
o
cu
r
em
e
n
t
au
ctio
n
a
s
a
s
o
l
u
tio
n
o
f
r
e
s
o
u
r
ce
allo
ca
tio
n
p
r
o
b
lem
in
clo
u
d
.
I
n
t
h
eir
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
au
cti
o
n
s
c
h
e
m
e
t
h
e
y
h
av
e
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
th
e
co
n
ce
p
t
o
f
au
ct
io
n
b
r
o
k
er
w
h
ich
w
il
l
r
u
n
th
e
au
ctio
n
m
ec
h
an
is
m
in
s
te
ad
o
f
C
lo
u
d
Ser
v
ice
P
r
o
v
id
e
r
.
A
s
a
r
esu
lt
o
f
w
h
ich
clo
u
d
u
s
er
s
w
ill
co
n
tact
au
ctio
n
b
r
o
k
er
f
o
r
th
eir
r
eso
u
r
ce
r
eq
u
ir
em
e
n
t
s
an
d
d
if
f
er
en
t
C
lo
u
d
Ser
v
ice
P
r
o
v
id
er
s
w
il
l
p
ar
ticip
ate
in
th
e
au
ctio
n
r
u
n
b
y
th
e
b
r
o
k
er
f
o
r
th
e
r
eso
u
r
ce
allo
ca
tio
n
.
T
h
eir
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
au
ctio
n
s
ch
e
m
e
w
as
b
ased
o
n
C
o
m
b
i
n
ato
r
ial
Au
ctio
n
B
r
an
ch
o
n
B
id
s
(
C
A
B
OB
)
m
o
d
el
an
d
s
u
p
p
o
r
ts
m
u
ltip
le
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
elec
tio
n
b
y
clo
u
d
u
s
er
.
Gar
g
et
al.
[
9
]
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
a
d
o
u
b
le
au
ctio
n
m
ec
h
a
n
is
m
t
h
at
in
v
o
l
v
es
b
o
th
b
u
y
er
a
n
d
s
elle
r
to
s
u
b
m
it
th
eir
b
id
s
to
th
e
au
ct
io
n
ee
r
.
T
h
e
a
u
ctio
n
ee
r
ta
k
e
s
t
h
e
h
elp
o
f
m
eta
s
ch
ed
u
ler
to
s
o
r
t
th
e
b
id
s
in
asce
n
d
in
g
a
n
d
d
escen
d
in
g
o
r
d
er
an
d
lo
o
k
f
o
r
a
m
atc
h
.
I
f
m
a
tch
f
o
u
n
d
,
th
e
av
er
ag
e
o
f
th
e
v
alu
e
s
is
s
et
a
s
th
e
au
ct
io
n
p
r
ice
f
o
r
th
e
r
eso
u
r
ce
.
T
h
e
s
a
m
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
co
n
ti
n
u
ed
f
o
r
th
e
u
n
m
at
ch
ed
r
eq
u
est.
B
o
th
s
eller
a
n
d
b
u
y
er
ar
e
b
en
ef
i
tted
in
th
is
a
u
ctio
n
m
ec
h
an
i
s
m
.
Z
a
m
an
a
n
d
Gr
o
s
u
[
10
]
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
C
A
-
P
R
OVI
SIO
N
m
ec
h
a
n
i
s
m
to
ad
d
r
ess
t
h
e
d
y
n
a
m
ic
p
r
o
v
is
io
n
in
g
o
f
VM
in
s
ta
n
ce
s
to
g
en
er
ate
m
o
r
e
p
r
o
f
it
f
o
r
clo
u
d
w
h
ich
is
n
o
t
co
n
s
id
er
ed
i
n
t
h
eir
p
r
ev
io
u
s
w
o
r
k
[
7
]
.
T
h
r
o
u
g
h
ex
ten
s
i
v
e
ex
p
e
r
i
m
en
t
s
t
h
e
y
h
av
e
p
r
o
v
ed
th
at
i
n
ca
s
e
o
f
l
o
w
d
e
m
a
n
d
,
C
A
-
P
R
OVI
SIO
N
g
en
er
ate
s
h
i
g
h
er
r
ev
en
u
e
th
a
n
C
A
-
GR
E
E
DY.
Am
az
o
n
E
C
2
u
s
es
an
au
c
tio
n
ca
lled
as
Am
az
o
n
s
p
o
t
in
s
tan
ce
s
[
1
1
]
w
h
er
e
th
e
u
s
er
s
b
id
f
o
r
th
e
u
n
u
s
ed
v
ir
tu
a
l
m
ac
h
i
n
es.
User
h
av
i
n
g
h
i
g
h
er
p
r
ice
th
an
s
p
o
t p
r
ice
w
h
ic
h
i
s
s
et
b
ased
o
n
d
at
a
ce
n
tr
e
u
til
izatio
n
b
y
t
h
e
Am
az
o
n
w
il
l g
et
t
h
e
ac
ce
s
s
to
th
at
VM
i
n
s
tan
ce
s
.
C
h
o
i
a
n
d
L
i
m
[
1
2
]
d
is
cu
s
s
e
d
th
e
i
m
p
o
r
ta
n
ce
o
f
SLA
v
i
o
latio
n
co
s
t
to
i
n
cr
ea
s
e
C
lo
u
d
Ser
v
ic
e
P
r
o
v
id
er
'
s
p
r
o
f
it.
T
h
ey
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
a
s
ch
e
m
e
to
r
ed
u
ce
t
h
e
p
en
alt
y
co
s
t
f
o
r
SLA
v
io
latio
n
d
u
r
in
g
co
m
b
i
n
ato
r
ial
Au
ctio
n
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
u
r
g
en
c
y
o
f
j
o
b
s
.
T
h
ey
ca
lc
u
lated
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
o
f
ea
c
h
j
o
b
'
s
d
ea
d
li
n
e
v
io
latio
n
to
f
in
d
ex
p
ec
ted
p
r
o
f
it
v
alu
e
f
o
r
th
e
s
er
v
ice
p
r
o
v
id
er
to
s
elec
t
th
e
u
s
er
w
it
h
lar
g
est
e
x
p
ec
ted
v
alu
e
as
th
e
b
id
w
i
n
n
er
.
T
h
u
s
d
ec
r
ea
s
in
g
SLA
v
io
l
atio
n
lead
s
to
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
p
en
alt
y
co
s
t
w
h
ic
h
in
tu
r
n
in
cr
ea
s
es
s
er
v
ice
p
r
o
v
id
er
'
s
p
r
o
f
it.
3.
P
RO
B
L
E
M
ST
AT
E
M
E
NT
C
lo
u
d
u
s
er
ca
n
c
h
o
o
s
e
a
w
i
d
e
r
an
g
e
o
f
VM
in
s
ta
n
ce
s
b
ased
o
n
t
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
h
e/
s
h
e
w
an
t
s
.
Dep
lo
y
m
e
n
t
o
f
m
o
r
e
VM
i
n
s
t
an
ce
s
o
r
r
ep
laci
n
g
th
e
ex
is
ti
n
g
VM
in
s
ta
n
ce
s
w
it
h
p
o
w
er
f
u
l
VM
i
n
s
tan
ce
s
ca
n
Bo
tt
o
m
M
a
rg
in
0
.
6
+
o
n
e
1
0
p
t
l
in
e
sp
a
c
e
a
f
ter p
a
g
e
n
u
m
b
e
r
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
E
C
E
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
P
r
iva
cy
P
r
eser
vin
g
A
u
ctio
n
B
a
s
ed
V
ir
tu
a
l Ma
ch
in
e
I
n
s
ta
n
c
es A
llo
ca
tio
n
S
ch
eme
f
o
r
C
lo
u
d
C
o
mp
u
tin
g
E
n
viro
n
men
t
(
S
u
n
ee
ta
Mo
h
a
n
t
y
)
2647
in
cr
ea
s
e
t
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
th
e
ap
p
licatio
n
.
Hen
ce
to
g
et
b
etter
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
c
e,
clo
u
d
u
s
er
ca
n
o
p
t
to
g
e
t
ap
p
r
o
p
r
i
ate
VM
in
s
ta
n
ce
s
.
I
n
ex
is
t
in
g
a
u
ctio
n
m
ec
h
an
is
m
s
,
au
ctio
n
ee
r
k
n
o
w
s
t
h
e
b
id
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al
u
es.
I
t
m
a
y
lead
to
lo
s
s
o
f
p
r
iv
ac
y
a
n
d
i
n
te
g
r
it
y
o
f
b
id
v
alu
e
s
to
w
in
t
h
e
a
u
cti
o
n
o
r
to
g
ain
m
o
r
e
p
r
o
f
it
.
He
n
ce
to
p
r
ev
e
n
t
s
u
c
h
k
in
d
o
f
ac
ti
v
ities
,
w
e
h
a
v
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
an
au
ctio
n
s
ch
e
m
e
t
h
at
al
lo
w
s
th
e
u
s
er
to
p
ar
ti
c
ip
ate
in
a
p
r
iv
ac
y
p
r
eser
v
in
g
a
u
ctio
n
to
g
et
th
e
b
est
VM
in
s
ta
n
ce
s
w
i
th
o
u
t
r
ev
ea
li
n
g
t
h
eir
b
id
v
alu
es
to
t
h
e
au
ctio
n
ee
r
(
C
SP
.
T
h
e
V
M
in
s
ta
n
ce
s
ar
e
a
s
s
i
g
n
ed
to
th
e
clo
u
d
u
s
er
w
it
h
h
i
g
h
e
s
t
b
id
v
al
u
e
.
Hen
ce
,
g
en
er
at
in
g
h
ig
h
er
r
ev
e
n
u
e
f
o
r
th
e
C
lo
u
d
Ser
v
ice
P
r
o
v
id
er
(
C
SP
)
.
T
h
e
a
u
ctio
n
-
b
ase
d
VM
in
s
ta
n
ce
s
al
lo
ca
tio
n
s
c
h
e
m
e
is
r
u
n
b
y
th
e
C
SP
.
L
i
k
e
o
th
er
s
ec
u
r
e
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
au
ctio
n
s
ch
e
m
e
c
a
n
d
eter
m
i
n
e
t
h
e
w
i
n
n
er
o
f
th
e
a
u
ctio
n
u
s
i
ng
s
ec
u
r
e
m
u
ltip
ar
t
y
co
m
p
u
tat
io
n
w
h
ic
h
r
elies
o
n
a
s
et
o
f
cr
y
p
to
g
r
ap
h
ic
p
r
o
to
co
ls
in
clu
d
in
g
Ob
liv
io
u
s
T
r
an
s
f
er
(
OT
)
p
r
o
t
o
co
l
an
d
Yao
’
s
p
r
o
to
co
l u
s
i
n
g
R
S
A
al
g
o
r
ith
m
.
3
.
1
.
Ya
o
’
s
P
ro
t
o
co
l
S
ec
u
r
e
m
u
lti
-
p
ar
t
y
co
m
p
u
ta
ti
o
n
allo
w
s
m
u
lt
ip
le
p
ar
ties
ea
ch
h
av
in
g
a
s
ec
r
et
i
n
p
u
t
to
c
o
m
p
u
te
a
f
u
n
ctio
n
w
h
ile
en
s
u
r
i
n
g
n
o
p
ar
ty
w
i
ll
r
ev
ea
l
t
h
e
in
p
u
ts
to
ea
ch
o
th
er
o
r
to
a
tr
u
s
ted
th
ir
d
p
ar
ty
.
T
h
e
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
r
esu
l
t
w
ill
b
e
co
m
m
u
n
icate
d
to
all
p
ar
ties
.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
a
g
iv
e
n
p
ar
t
y
w
ill
o
n
l
y
b
e
ab
le
t
o
co
m
p
u
te
w
h
at
ca
n
b
e
in
f
er
r
e
d
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
f
i
n
al
r
es
u
lt
s
a
n
d
its
o
w
n
i
n
p
u
t.
I
n
[
1
3
]
Yao
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
th
e
p
r
o
b
le
m
o
f
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
th
e
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
w
i
th
t
h
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
p
r
o
b
le
m
:
T
w
o
m
il
lio
n
air
es
w
a
n
t
to
co
m
p
ar
e
th
eir
r
ich
es,
b
u
t
d
o
n
o
t
w
an
t
to
r
ev
ea
l to
ea
ch
o
th
er
w
h
ich
i
s
t
h
e
ex
ac
t a
m
o
u
n
t o
f
t
h
eir
w
ea
lt
h
.
3
.
2
.
O
bli
v
io
us
T
ra
ns
f
er
(
O
T
)
pro
t
o
co
l
Ob
liv
io
u
s
T
r
an
s
f
er
p
r
o
to
co
l
[
1
4
]
is
ce
n
tr
al
to
i
m
p
le
m
en
t
Y
ao
'
s
p
r
o
to
co
l.
OT
1
2
,
1
-
o
u
t
-
of
-
2
o
b
liv
io
u
s
tr
an
s
f
er
en
s
u
r
es
t
h
at
o
n
e
p
ar
t
y
ca
n
o
b
tain
o
n
e
o
f
t
h
e
t
w
o
m
es
s
ag
e
s
f
r
o
m
a
s
ec
o
n
d
p
ar
t
y
an
d
b
o
th
th
e
p
ar
ties
co
u
ld
n
o
t
k
n
o
w
w
h
ich
v
al
u
es
ar
e
s
elec
ted
b
y
ea
c
h
o
th
er
.
OT
1
k
,1
-
o
u
t
-
of
-
k
o
b
liv
io
u
s
tr
a
n
s
f
er
,
is
t
h
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
alit
y
:
OT
1
k
((σ
1,
σ
2,
.
.
.
,
σ
k
)
,
i)
=
(
λ
,
σ
i
)
w
h
er
e
σ
1,
σ
2,
.
.
.
,
σ
k
ϵ
{
0
,
1
}
an
d
i
ϵ
{
1
,
.
.
.
.
,
k
}.
Her
e,
th
e
f
ir
s
t
p
ar
t
y
(
A
lice)
h
a
s
k
s
ec
r
et
b
its
σ
1,
σ
2,
.
.
.
,
σ
k.
B
o
b
h
as
a
s
ec
r
et
in
d
ex
i.
A
t
t
h
e
en
d
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
to
co
l,
B
o
b
lear
n
s
o
n
l
y
σ
i
an
d
A
lice
lear
n
s
n
o
t
h
i
n
g
(
λ
)
.
I
n
p
ar
ticu
lar
,
A
l
ice
d
o
es
n
o
t
k
n
o
w
w
h
ic
h
o
f
h
er
b
its
w
as
l
ea
r
n
ed
b
y
B
o
b
,
an
d
B
o
b
d
o
es
n
o
t
lear
n
σ
j
f
o
r
an
y
j
≠
i.
Ob
li
v
io
u
s
tr
an
s
f
er
is
ce
n
tr
a
l
to
m
a
n
y
o
f
th
e
co
n
s
tr
u
ctio
n
s
f
o
r
s
ec
u
r
e
m
u
ltip
ar
t
y
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
.
4.
T
H
E
P
RO
P
O
SE
D
P
RIVA
C
Y
P
RE
S
E
RVI
NG
A
UCT
I
O
N
SCH
E
M
E
T
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
m
o
d
el
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
ch
e
m
e,
w
h
ich
i
n
clu
d
e
s
'
n
'
o
r
g
a
n
izatio
n
s
(
C
lo
u
d
Us
er
1
,
C
lo
u
d
User
2
.
.
.
,
C
lo
u
d
User
n
)
a
n
d
a
C
lo
u
d
Ser
v
ice
P
r
o
v
id
er
is
il
lu
s
tr
ated
in
Fi
g
u
r
e1
.
T
h
e
p
u
b
lic
k
e
y
(
d
ata
en
cr
y
p
tio
n
)
an
d
p
r
iv
ate
k
e
y
(
d
ata
d
ec
r
y
p
ti
o
n
)
ar
e
m
a
n
a
g
ed
b
y
th
e
C
lo
u
d
Ser
v
ice
P
r
o
v
id
er
to
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
p
r
iv
ac
y
-
p
r
eser
v
i
n
g
a
u
ctio
n
a
m
o
n
g
a
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
o
r
g
an
iza
tio
n
s
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
S
y
s
te
m
m
o
d
el
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
p
r
iv
ac
y
p
r
eser
v
i
n
g
au
ctio
n
s
ch
e
m
e
Al
l
p
ar
ticip
an
t
s
o
f
th
is
s
c
h
e
m
e
w
o
r
k
in
a
s
e
m
i
-
h
o
n
est
e
n
v
i
r
o
n
m
e
n
t,
w
h
er
e
th
e
y
m
a
y
tr
y
to
d
e
d
u
ce
ad
d
itio
n
al
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
d
u
r
i
n
g
th
e
p
r
o
to
co
l
ex
ec
u
tio
n
.
T
h
e
w
o
r
k
f
lo
w
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
ch
e
m
e
is
s
u
m
m
ar
ized
in
T
ab
le
1
as g
iv
en
b
elo
w
:
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
J
E
C
E
Vo
l.
7
,
No
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5
,
Octo
b
er
2
0
1
7
:
2
6
4
5
–
2
6
5
0
2648
T
ab
le
1
.
W
o
r
k
f
lo
w
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
y
s
te
m
S
tep
1
-
Ke
y
Ge
n
e
ra
ti
o
n
A
lg
o
rit
h
m
u
se
d
b
y
CS
P
1
.
1
Ch
o
o
se
p
a
n
d
q
:
tw
o
d
isti
n
c
t
p
rime
n
u
m
b
e
rs
1
.
2
Co
m
p
u
te N = p
×
q
,
W
h
e
re
N i
s
u
se
d
a
s th
e
m
o
d
u
l
u
s f
o
r
p
u
b
li
c
a
n
d
p
riv
a
te k
e
y
s
1
.
3
Co
m
p
u
te Φ
(N) = (p
-
1
)×
(q
-
1
),
W
h
e
re
Φ
is
th
e
Eu
li
e
r
f
u
n
c
ti
o
n
1
.
4
Ch
o
o
se
e
n
c
ry
p
ti
o
n
k
e
y
w
h
ich
is
a
n
in
teg
e
r
'
e
'
su
c
h
th
a
t,
1
<
e
<
Φ
(
N) an
d
g
re
a
tes
t
c
o
m
m
o
n
d
iv
iso
r
o
f
(e
,
Φ
(N)) =
1
1
.
5
De
ter
m
in
e
th
e
d
e
c
ry
p
ti
o
n
k
e
y
d
=
(
1
/e) m
o
d
Φ
(N)
1
.
6
A
ll
th
e
a
b
o
v
e
v
a
lu
e
s o
f
p
u
b
li
c
k
e
y
(
e
,
N=
p
×
q
)
a
n
d
p
r
iv
a
te k
e
y
(d
)
m
u
st b
e
k
e
p
t
se
c
re
t
b
y
CS
P
S
tep
2
-
Co
ll
e
c
ti
o
n
o
f
re
q
u
e
st f
ro
m
p
a
rti
c
ip
a
n
ts
a
n
d
p
re
p
a
ra
ti
o
n
o
f
li
st b
y
CS
P
2
.
1
f
o
r
j
=
1
,
.
.
.
,
n
d
o
2
.
2
Re
c
e
iv
e
(r
j
1
, . . . , r
j
m
)
f
ro
m
u
se
r
u
j
2
.
3
e
n
d
f
o
r
2
.
4
S
o
rt
u
se
rs ac
c
o
rd
in
g
t
o
th
e
ir
ti
m
e
o
f
p
lac
in
g
th
e
re
q
u
e
st,
f
ro
m
e
a
rli
e
st t
o
late
st
(He
re
w
e
a
ss
u
m
e
u
1
,
u
2
,
.
.
.
,
u
n
a
s th
e
o
rd
e
r.
)
S
tep
3
-
W
in
n
e
r
se
lec
ti
o
n
b
y
th
e
C
lo
u
d
S
e
rv
ice
P
ro
v
id
e
r
3
.
1
L
e
t
u
s
a
ss
u
m
e
f
irst
a
n
d
se
c
o
n
d
p
a
rti
c
ip
a
n
t
in
th
is
p
r
o
t
o
c
o
l
a
re
d
e
n
o
ted
b
y
A
li
c
e
a
n
d
B
o
b
re
sp
e
c
ti
v
e
l
y
3
.
2
CS
P
w
il
l
se
n
d
e
,
N t
o
B
o
b
a
n
d
N t
o
A
li
c
e
3
.
3
Bo
b
p
ick
s ran
d
o
m
in
teg
e
r
'
X
'
o
f
N b
it
a
n
d
c
a
lcu
late
C
=
X
e
m
o
d
N
3
.
4
Bo
b
c
a
lcu
late
s C
-
I
t
+
1
,
w
h
e
re
I
t
is
th
e
se
n
siti
v
e
d
a
ta o
f
Bo
b
a
n
d
se
n
d
i
t
to
CS
P
3
.
5
CS
P
w
il
l
g
e
n
e
ra
te Y
1
,Y
2
,Y
3
......,Y
10
su
c
h
t
h
a
t
Y
1
is
t
h
e
d
e
c
i
p
h
e
rm
e
n
t
o
f
C
-
I
t
+
1
,
Y
2
is
th
e
d
e
c
ip
h
e
rm
e
n
t
o
f
C
-
I
t
+
2
a
n
d
so
o
n
.
u
si
n
g
th
e
f
o
rm
u
la :
Y
1
=
(C
-
I
t
+
1
)
d
m
o
d
N ,
Y
2
=
(C
-
I
t
+
2
)
d
m
o
d
N..
.
Y
10
=
(C
-
I
t
+
1
0
)
d
m
o
d
N
3
.
6
CS
P
se
n
d
s Y
1
,
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.
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n
t
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ap
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litate
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co
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f
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t
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tp
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T
h
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ticip
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t
h
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m
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ll
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f
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co
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th
at
n
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d
f
u
r
t
h
er
in
v
es
tig
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tio
n
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
S
a
ra
th
y
V
,
Na
ra
y
a
n
P
,
M
ik
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il
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re
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istrib
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ted
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l
in
fra
stru
c
t
u
re
.
1
9
t
h
IE
EE
I
n
tern
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ti
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n
a
l
W
o
rk
sh
o
p
s
o
n
En
a
b
li
n
g
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
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ies
:
In
f
ra
stru
c
tu
re
s f
o
r
Co
ll
a
b
o
ra
ti
v
e
En
terp
ris
e
s (W
ET
ICE’1
0
),
L
a
rissa
,
G
re
e
c
e
.
2
0
1
0
;
4
8
-
53
.
[2
]
Bu
y
y
a
a
R,
Ye
o
a
CS
,
V
e
n
u
g
o
p
a
l
a
S
,
Bro
b
e
rg
a
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Bra
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icc
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.
Clo
u
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o
m
p
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n
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latf
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s:
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,
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n
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s
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.
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Ge
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ms
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;
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m
e
2
5
(6
)
:
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9
9
-
61
6
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
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I
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C
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Vo
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T
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ti
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,
D
S
ti
a
w
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n
,
IM
I
S
u
b
ro
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o
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ig
d
a
ta
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ra
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tru
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s
to
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a
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p
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e
s
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EL
KOM
NIKA
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e
lec
o
mm
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o
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o
mp
u
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g
El
e
c
tro
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ics
a
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d
Co
n
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.,
v
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l.
1
2
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n
o
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4
,
p
p
.
7
5
1
-
7
5
2
,
2
0
1
4
.
[4
]
M
o
h
a
n
ty
S
,
P
a
tt
n
a
ik
P
K,
M
u
n
d
G
B.
Fra
me
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rk
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r
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d
it
in
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Clo
u
d
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ti
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En
v
iro
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me
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t.
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ro
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d
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Jo
u
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f
T
h
e
o
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ica
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a
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d
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p
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ied
In
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2
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4
;
V
o
l
u
m
e
6
5
(1
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6
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.
[5
]
W
a
n
g
R.
A
u
c
ti
o
n
s
v
e
rsu
s p
o
ste
d
-
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ll
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.
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h
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Ame
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Ec
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mic
Rev
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1
9
9
3
;
v
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l.
8
3
(
4
):
8
3
8
–
8
5
1
.
[6
]
S
a
str
y
KN
,
Ra
o
B
T
,
G
u
n
a
s
e
k
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a
r
T
.
No
v
e
l
a
p
p
ro
a
c
h
f
o
r
c
o
n
tro
l
Da
ta
T
h
e
f
t
A
tt
a
c
k
in
Cl
o
u
d
C
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
.
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
E
lec
trica
l
a
n
d
C
o
mp
u
ter
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
(
IJ
ECE
)
.
2
0
1
5
;
V
o
l.
5
(
6
)
:
1
5
4
5
-
1
5
5
2
.
[7
]
Zam
a
n
S,
G
ro
su
D.
Co
m
b
in
a
to
r
ial
a
u
c
ti
o
n
-
b
a
se
d
a
ll
o
c
a
ti
o
n
o
f
v
irt
u
a
l
m
a
c
h
in
e
in
sta
n
c
e
s
in
c
lo
u
d
s.
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
p
a
ra
l
lel
a
n
d
d
istri
b
u
ted
c
o
mp
u
ti
n
g
.
2
0
1
3
;
1
-
14
.
[8
]
P
ra
sa
d
V
,
Ra
o
S
,
P
ra
sa
d
A
.
A
Co
mb
in
a
t
o
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l
Au
c
ti
o
n
me
c
h
a
n
ism
fo
r
M
u
lt
i
p
le
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rc
e
Pro
c
u
r
e
me
n
t
in
Cl
o
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d
Co
mp
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t
in
g
.
P
ro
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e
d
i
n
g
s
o
f
1
2
t
h
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n
tern
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ti
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a
l
C
o
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re
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n
telli
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y
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te
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sig
n
a
n
d
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
.
2
0
1
2
;
3
3
7
-
3
4
4
.
[9
]
G
a
r
g
S
K,
V
e
n
u
g
o
p
a
l
S,
Bro
b
e
rg
J,
Bu
y
y
a
R.
Do
u
b
le
a
u
c
ti
o
n
-
in
s
p
ired
m
e
tas
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d
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li
n
g
o
f
p
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ra
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p
p
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c
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ti
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lo
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l
g
rid
s.
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
P
a
ra
ll
e
l
a
n
d
Distrib
u
ted
C
o
mp
u
ti
n
g
.
2
0
1
3
;
4
5
0
-
4
6
4
.
[1
0
]
Zam
a
n
S,
G
ro
su
D.
A
Co
m
b
in
a
to
rial
A
u
c
ti
o
n
-
Ba
se
d
M
e
c
h
a
n
ism
f
o
r
D
y
n
a
m
ic
V
M
P
r
o
v
isio
n
i
n
g
a
n
d
A
ll
o
c
a
ti
o
n
in
Clo
u
d
s.
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s O
n
Cl
o
u
d
Co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
.
2
0
1
3
;
Vo
l.
1
(2
):
1
2
9
-
1
4
1
.
[1
1
]
I
Ir
m
e
il
y
a
n
a
,
I
In
d
ra
w
a
ti
,
F
M
P
u
sp
it
a
,
J
Ju
n
iw
a
ti
,
"
M
o
d
e
l
a
n
d
o
p
ti
m
a
l
so
lu
ti
o
n
o
f
sin
g
le
li
n
k
p
ricin
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sc
h
e
m
e
m
u
lt
ise
rv
ic
e
n
e
t
w
o
rk
,
”
T
EL
KOM
NIKA
T
e
lec
o
mm
u
n
ica
t
io
n
Co
mp
u
ti
n
g
E
lec
tro
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ics
a
n
d
C
o
n
tr
o
l.
,
v
o
l.
1
2
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
173
-
1
7
8
,
2
0
1
4
.
[1
2
]
Ch
o
i
Y,
L
im
Y.
Op
ti
m
i
z
a
ti
o
n
A
p
p
ro
a
c
h
f
o
r
Re
so
u
rc
e
A
ll
o
c
a
ti
o
n
o
n
C
lo
u
d
C
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
f
o
r
Io
T
.
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Distrib
u
ted
S
e
n
so
r Ne
t
wo
rk
s
,
2
0
1
6
;
1
-
6
.
[1
3
]
Ya
o
A
.
Pr
o
to
c
o
ls
f
o
r
S
e
c
u
re
C
o
m
p
u
tatio
n
s.
Pro
c
e
e
d
in
g
s
o
f
t
h
e
I
EE
E
S
y
mp
o
si
u
m
o
n
f
o
u
n
d
a
ti
o
n
s
o
f
c
o
mp
u
ter
sc
ien
c
e
.
1
9
8
2
.
[1
4
]
Ra
b
in
M
O.
Ho
w
to
Ex
c
h
a
n
g
e
S
e
c
re
ts
w
i
th
Ob
li
v
io
u
s
T
ra
n
sfe
r.
T
e
c
h
n
ica
l
Rep
o
rt
T
e
c
h
.
M
e
mo
T
R
-
8
1
,
Ai
k
e
n
Co
mp
u
t
a
ti
o
n
L
a
b
o
r
o
to
ry
.
1
9
8
1
.
[1
5
]
M
o
h
a
n
ty
S
,
De
R.
S
u
rv
e
y
o
n
P
ri
v
a
c
y
P
re
se
rv
a
ti
o
n
M
e
th
o
d
o
l
o
g
y
i
n
Kn
o
w
led
g
e
Disc
o
v
e
r
a
b
le
Clo
u
d
E
n
v
iro
n
m
e
n
t
.
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
I
n
n
o
v
a
ti
v
e
a
n
d
Eme
rg
in
g
Res
e
a
rc
h
i
n
E
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
.
2
0
1
7
;
Vo
lu
m
e
4
(3
):
1
2
0
-
1
2
3
.
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