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p
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JE
C
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Desig
n of
dua
lba
nd an
tenna
for R
FID
a
pplica
tions
N.
M
.
Sa
ha
r
1
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M
.
T
I
s
la
m
2
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M
is
ra
n
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1
S
p
a
c
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c
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c
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Ce
n
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N
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stit
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m
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te Ch
a
n
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iv
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rsiti
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b
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sa
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n
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a
lay
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a
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2,
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Ce
n
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A
d
v
a
n
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e
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tro
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ic
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b
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Art
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I
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to
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R
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J
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tro
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c
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a
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re
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ted
a
n
d
d
isc
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d
in
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letter.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
s
:
Dip
o
le
Du
alb
an
d
I
SM
R
FID
UHF
Co
p
y
rig
h
t
©
2
0
1
9
In
stit
u
te o
f
A
d
v
a
n
c
e
d
E
n
g
i
n
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e
rin
g
a
n
d
S
c
ien
c
e
.
Al
l
rig
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ts re
se
rv
e
d
.
C
o
r
r
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s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
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r
:
No
r
s
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zli
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Mo
h
d
Sah
ar
,
Sp
ac
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Scien
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C
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n
tr
e
(
A
NGK
AS
A
)
,
I
n
s
tit
u
te
o
f
C
li
m
ate
C
h
a
n
g
e,
Un
i
v
er
s
iti
Keb
a
n
g
s
aa
n
Ma
la
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ia,
4
3
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UKM
B
an
g
i,
Selan
g
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Dar
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l E
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s
an
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Ma
la
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E
m
ail:
n
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@
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ed
u
.
m
y
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
Mu
ltib
a
n
d
R
ad
io
Fre
q
u
en
c
y
I
d
en
tif
icat
io
n
(
R
FID
)
an
te
n
n
a
h
as
led
to
g
r
ea
t
d
e
m
a
n
d
in
t
h
e
co
m
m
er
cial
w
ir
e
less
a
n
d
s
er
v
i
ce
in
d
u
s
tr
ies.
Mo
s
t
o
f
R
FID
a
n
ten
n
a
s
w
er
e
d
esig
n
ed
to
o
p
er
ate
at
o
n
e
o
r
m
o
r
e
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
b
a
n
d
s
,
s
u
c
h
a
s
L
o
w
Fre
q
u
e
n
c
y
,
Hig
h
Fre
q
u
e
n
c
y
,
Ultr
a
Hi
g
h
Fre
q
u
e
n
c
y
,
an
d
Mi
cr
o
w
av
e.
R
ec
e
n
tl
y
,
UHF
a
n
d
I
SM
b
an
d
s
h
a
v
e
b
ec
o
m
e
m
o
r
e
at
tr
ac
tiv
e
b
ec
au
s
e
o
f
t
h
eir
s
u
itab
il
it
y
f
o
r
lo
n
g
-
r
an
g
e
ap
p
licatio
n
s
a
n
d
r
ec
o
n
f
i
g
u
r
ab
ilit
y
[1
-
2
]
.
T
h
e
d
u
al
-
b
a
n
d
an
te
n
n
a
s
d
ev
elo
p
ed
co
n
f
o
r
m
to
v
a
r
io
u
s
co
m
m
u
n
ica
tio
n
p
r
o
to
co
l
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
a
n
d
estab
li
s
h
ed
o
p
e
r
atin
g
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
b
a
n
d
s
i
n
o
n
e
s
y
s
te
m
[
3
-
6
]
.
F
o
r
t
h
at
r
ea
s
o
n
,
m
o
r
e
d
e
s
ig
n
s
o
f
d
u
al
-
b
a
n
d
an
ten
n
a
s
f
o
r
R
FID
r
ea
d
er
s
w
er
e
d
ev
elo
p
ed
to
f
u
lf
ill
th
e
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
t
o
f
th
e
R
FI
D
in
d
u
s
tr
y
.
I
n
[
7
]
a
d
u
al
b
an
d
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
w
a
s
o
b
tain
ed
b
y
co
n
tr
o
llin
g
t
h
e
s
h
ap
e
an
d
s
ize
o
f
th
e
d
ia
m
o
n
d
s
h
ap
e
p
atch
.
T
h
e
b
an
d
w
id
th
w
a
s
1
8
MH
z
(
9
0
2
–
9
2
0
MH
z)
in
UHF
b
an
d
an
d
8
0
MH
z
(
2
.
4
2
–
2
.
5
GHz
)
in
I
SM
b
an
d
w
i
t
h
1
5
0
m
m
1
2
7
m
m
5
m
m
s
ize
a
n
ten
n
a.
T
h
e
an
ten
n
a
b
an
d
w
id
th
w
a
s
ex
p
a
n
d
ed
b
y
u
t
ilizi
n
g
th
e
co
u
p
li
n
g
ef
f
ec
t
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
n
o
tch
ed
p
atch
a
n
d
th
e
r
eso
n
a
n
t
a
p
er
tu
r
e
f
o
r
d
u
al
-
b
an
d
R
FI
D
r
ea
d
er
an
ten
n
a
155
mm
2
3
0
m
m
i
n
s
ize
[
8
]
.
Sev
er
al
m
et
h
o
d
s
w
er
e
ap
p
r
o
a
ch
ed
in
d
e
s
ig
n
i
n
g
th
e
m
u
lt
i
-
fr
eq
u
en
c
y
an
ten
n
a
f
r
o
m
a
s
i
n
g
le
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
an
ten
n
a
[9
-
14]
.
I
n
th
e
s
t
u
d
y
b
y
[
9
]
th
e
d
u
al
b
an
d
f
u
n
ctio
n
ali
t
y
w
as
ac
h
ie
v
ed
th
o
u
g
h
a
p
er
tu
r
b
atio
n
m
eth
o
d
b
y
elec
tr
icall
y
co
u
p
li
n
g
a
t
w
o
-
tu
r
n
s
p
ir
al
r
eso
n
ato
r
to
th
e
an
ten
n
a.
T
h
e
p
o
s
itio
n
o
f
th
e
r
eso
n
a
to
r
s
alo
n
g
th
e
li
n
e
af
f
ec
ts
th
e
i
m
p
ed
a
n
ce
c
h
ar
ac
t
er
is
tic.
D
u
al
o
p
er
atin
g
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cies
w
er
e
also
ac
h
ie
v
ed
b
y
l
o
ad
in
g
t
w
o
p
air
s
o
f
n
ar
r
o
w
s
l
o
ts
i
n
t
h
e
tr
ia
n
g
u
lar
p
atch
[
1
1
]
.
B
y
ad
j
u
s
ti
n
g
th
e
s
l
o
t,
p
r
o
tr
u
d
in
g
a
n
ar
r
o
w
s
lo
t o
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t o
f
e
m
b
ed
d
ed
s
lo
ts
clo
s
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to
th
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s
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es;
b
r
o
a
d
-
b
an
d
r
ad
iatio
n
w
a
s
o
b
tain
ed
.
A
tr
ip
le
b
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d
w
as
also
ex
p
er
i
m
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ted
b
y
p
lacin
g
a
cr
o
s
s
s
lo
t
in
th
e
g
r
o
u
n
d
p
lan
e.
B
y
e
m
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ed
d
in
g
a
s
m
a
ll
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cu
lar
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atch
in
to
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d
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al
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tu
b
lo
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o
n
an
n
u
lar
r
in
g
s
tr
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ct
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r
e
w
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ab
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ce
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ize
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co
m
p
ar
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th
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co
n
v
e
n
tio
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al
an
n
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lar
r
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p
atch
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d
b
r
o
ad
i
m
p
ed
an
ce
b
an
d
w
id
t
h
at
1
.
1
7
GHz
,
1
.
4
2
8
GHz
an
d
1
.
9
G
Hz
w
a
s
o
b
tain
ed
[
1
2
]
.
I
n
[
1
3
]
d
u
al
b
an
d
an
ten
n
a
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8708
Desig
n
o
f d
u
a
l
b
a
n
d
a
n
te
n
n
a
f
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r
R
F
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p
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N
o
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3147
w
it
h
h
i
g
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w
a
s
ac
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b
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p
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y
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U
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ap
p
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f
ee
d
in
g
s
tr
ip
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x
cite
s
t
h
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r
ec
tan
g
u
lar
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in
g
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
s
o
m
e
s
t
u
d
ies
h
av
e
d
ev
e
lo
p
ed
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e
o
p
ti
m
is
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f
o
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m
a
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tec
h
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iq
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e
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FID
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te
n
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a
s
r
eg
ar
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o
f
it
s
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ize
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ch
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m
i
n
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ized
a
n
te
n
n
a
u
s
i
n
g
m
ea
n
d
er
-
li
n
e
[
1
5
-
1
7
]
,
ar
t
if
icial
tr
a
n
s
m
i
s
s
io
n
lin
es
[
1
8
]
an
d
co
m
p
le
m
en
ta
r
y
s
p
lit
r
in
g
r
eso
n
ato
r
(
C
S
R
R
)
[
1
9
]
.
M
o
r
eo
v
er
,
p
h
o
to
p
ap
e
r
w
i
th
s
i
lv
er
n
an
o
p
ar
ticle
co
n
d
u
cti
v
e
in
k
[
2
0
]
an
d
b
io
p
o
ly
m
er
s
u
b
s
tr
a
te
[
2
1
]
h
av
e
b
ee
n
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
d
u
e
to
f
lex
ib
il
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y
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d
lo
w
co
s
t.
T
ec
h
n
iq
u
es
u
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to
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esig
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lti
b
an
d
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ip
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er
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[
2
0
-
2
4
]
.
I
n
[
2
2
]
,
th
e
d
ip
o
le
w
a
s
m
ad
e
o
f
t
w
o
co
n
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n
tr
ic
h
allo
w
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y
lin
d
er
w
i
th
d
i
f
f
er
e
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t
r
ad
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s
a
n
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le
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An
o
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et
h
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test
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y
i
n
te
g
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at
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w
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atc
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h
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ip
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m
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b
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to
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d
w
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h
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r
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tio
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ad
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atter
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[
2
3
]
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I
t
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
a
to
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lo
ad
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d
d
ip
o
le
f
o
r
lo
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r
eq
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en
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y
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t
w
o
lo
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d
ip
o
les
f
o
r
m
id
d
le
f
r
eq
u
e
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c
y
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d
t
w
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s
h
o
r
ter
d
ip
o
les
f
o
r
u
p
p
er
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
.
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h
e
an
te
n
n
a
w
as
p
er
f
o
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m
ed
i
n
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ir
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tio
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atter
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it
h
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.
5
d
B
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at
lo
w
est
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an
d
,
8
.
5
d
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at
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le
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9
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B
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at
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ig
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e
s
t
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h
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s
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n
te
g
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w
o
p
atch
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w
a
s
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in
th
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s
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tu
d
y
to
ac
h
iev
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t
wo
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
b
an
d
s
.
T
h
e
len
g
t
h
s
lo
t
o
f
r
ad
iatin
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p
atch
in
te
g
r
ated
w
ith
d
ip
o
le
an
ten
n
a
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
b
y
[
2
4
]
a
b
le
t
o
ad
j
u
s
t
th
e
d
esire
d
u
p
p
er
f
r
eq
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en
c
y
a
n
d
th
e
b
an
d
w
id
t
h
.
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y
v
ar
y
i
n
g
t
h
e
d
ip
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l
e
ar
m
s
f
o
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elem
e
n
t
s
,
th
e
lo
w
er
f
r
eq
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en
c
y
w
a
s
o
b
tain
ed
.
2.
ANT
E
NNA
D
E
SI
G
N
I
n
th
i
s
p
ap
er
,
U
-
s
h
ap
ed
p
atch
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ad
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w
it
h
d
ip
o
le
an
ten
n
a
is
b
ein
g
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
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h
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d
esig
n
w
il
l
b
e
ab
le
to
p
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f
o
r
m
d
u
al
b
an
d
a
n
ten
n
a
in
s
p
ir
ed
b
y
[
2
5
]
.
L
i
d
escr
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e
d
th
at
t
h
e
p
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f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
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ten
n
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w
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n
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af
f
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ted
b
y
t
h
e
s
ize
co
n
d
it
io
n
o
f
Ko
ch
f
r
ac
tal.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
th
e
elec
tr
ic
d
ip
o
le'
s
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er
f
o
r
m
a
n
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l
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elate
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h
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s
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h
u
s
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t
h
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d
is
t
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ce
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eig
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th
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ltib
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n
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o
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d
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n
te
n
n
a.
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h
er
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r
e,
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e
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g
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lar
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at
ch
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p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
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b
e
lo
a
d
ed
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n
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o
f
ar
m
le
n
g
t
h
L
2
.
T
h
e
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
a
n
d
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
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ip
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le
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te
n
n
a
lo
ad
ed
U
-
s
h
ap
ed
p
atch
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s
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u
d
ied
.
2
.1
.
U
-
s
ha
ped P
a
t
ch
Ant
en
na
G
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m
et
ry
T
h
e
p
ar
am
eter
s
o
f
L
1
,
W
1
,
L
2
,
L
3
an
d
W
2
ar
e
s
h
o
w
n
a
s
b
asic
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ip
o
le
d
esig
n
.
Fo
r
th
e
d
u
al
b
an
d
f
r
eq
u
en
c
ies,
t
h
e
U
-
s
h
ap
ed
p
atch
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
i
s
lo
ad
ed
w
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h
th
e
d
ip
o
le
o
n
th
e
ar
m
len
g
t
h
o
f
d
i
p
o
le
s
y
m
m
etr
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s
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o
w
n
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Fi
g
u
r
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1
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A
n
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l
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ased
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n
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h
e
p
ar
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m
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ic
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y
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f
p
ar
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m
eter
s
a
,
b
,
c
,
d
an
d
e
as
U
-
s
h
ap
ed
p
atch
co
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
.
(
a)
(
b
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Fig
u
r
e
1
.
(
a)
Geo
m
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y
o
f
d
ip
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le
in
ter
g
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w
it
h
U
-
s
h
ap
ed
p
atch
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n
to
p
v
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w
(
b
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T
h
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
o
f
FR
4
b
o
ar
d
o
f
p
r
o
p
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ten
n
a
o
n
s
id
e
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ie
w
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h
e
co
n
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i
g
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r
at
io
n
o
f
d
ip
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le
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s
u
n
c
h
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g
ed
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T
h
er
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o
r
e
t
h
e
e
f
f
ec
ts
o
f
U
-
s
h
ap
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p
atch
e
s
i
s
d
is
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s
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.
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h
er
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ar
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tw
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p
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ts
to
b
e
in
v
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g
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w
h
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h
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atch
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t
cu
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t
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w
h
en
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h
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eter
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v
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.
T
h
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r
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n
c
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d
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w
ith
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Fig
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r
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ased
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2
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h
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a
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t D
P
P
-
2018
-
004.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
Ra
i
m
i
De
w
a
n
,
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t
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ter
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En
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[2
]
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.
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Re
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[3
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Zi
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[4
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S
.
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[5
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B.
Ba
rm
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[6
]
M.
H.
Ullah
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e
rsiti
Ke
b
a
n
g
sa
a
n
M
a
la
y
sia
(
UK
M
)
in
2
0
1
6
.
S
h
e
h
e
ld
th
e
lec
tu
rin
g
p
o
siti
o
n
a
t
USCI
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
,
Ku
a
la
L
u
m
p
u
r
f
o
r
se
v
e
r
a
l
y
e
a
rs.
S
h
e
is
c
u
rre
n
tl
y
a
Lec
t
u
re
r
a
t
El
e
c
tro
n
ic
&
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
P
ro
g
ra
m
,
F
a
c
u
lt
y
o
f
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
&
th
e
Bu
il
t
En
v
iro
n
m
e
n
t,
S
EG
i
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
,
Ko
ta
Da
m
a
n
sa
ra
,
M
a
la
y
sia
.
He
r
re
se
a
rc
h
in
tere
st
is
in
m
icro
w
a
v
e
d
e
v
ic
e
f
o
r
w
irele
ss
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s.
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
T
a
r
i
q
u
l
Is
la
m
is
a
P
r
o
f
e
ss
o
r
a
t
th
e
De
p
a
rtm
e
n
t
o
f
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l,
El
e
c
tro
n
ic
a
n
d
S
y
st
e
m
s
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
o
f
th
e
Un
i
v
e
rsiti
Ke
b
a
n
g
sa
a
n
M
a
la
y
sia
(U
KM)
a
n
d
v
isit
i
n
g
P
r
o
f
e
ss
o
r
o
f
K
y
u
sh
u
In
stit
u
te
o
f
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
Ja
p
a
n
.
He
is
th
e
a
u
th
o
r
o
f
a
b
o
u
t
3
5
0
re
se
a
rc
h
jo
u
r
n
a
l
a
rti
c
les
,
n
e
a
rly
1
6
5
c
o
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
a
rti
c
le
s,
4
re
se
a
rc
h
lev
e
l
b
o
o
k
s
a
n
d
a
f
e
w
b
o
o
k
c
h
a
p
ters
o
n
v
a
rio
u
s
to
p
ics
re
late
d
to
a
n
ten
n
a
s,
m
icro
wa
v
e
s a
n
d
e
lec
tro
m
a
g
n
e
ti
c
r
a
d
iatio
n
a
n
a
l
y
sis
w
it
h
1
3
in
v
e
n
to
ry
p
a
ten
ts
fi
led
.
T
h
u
s
f
a
r,
h
is
p
u
b
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
h
a
v
e
b
e
e
n
c
it
e
d
3
4
1
6
ti
m
e
s
a
n
d
h
is
H
-
in
d
e
x
is
3
0
(S
o
u
rc
e
:
S
c
o
p
u
s)
.
His
g
o
o
g
le
sc
h
o
lar
c
it
a
ti
o
n
is
9
9
9
3
a
n
d
H
-
in
d
e
x
is
3
5
.
He
is
n
o
w
h
a
n
d
li
n
g
m
a
n
y
re
se
a
rc
h
p
ro
jec
ts
f
ro
m
th
e
M
a
l
a
y
sia
n
M
in
istry
o
f
S
c
ien
c
e
,
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
a
n
d
In
n
o
v
a
ti
o
n
a
n
d
M
in
istry
o
f
Ed
u
c
a
ti
o
n
.
His
re
se
a
rc
h
in
tere
sts
in
c
lu
d
e
c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
a
n
ten
n
a
d
e
sig
n
,
ra
d
i
o
a
stro
n
o
m
y
a
n
ten
n
a
s,
sa
telli
te
a
n
ten
n
a
s,
a
n
d
e
lec
tro
m
a
g
n
e
ti
c
ra
d
iatio
n
a
n
a
ly
sis.
Dr.
Isla
m
c
u
rre
n
tl
y
s
e
rv
e
s
a
s
th
e
Ed
it
o
r
-
in
-
Ch
ief
f
o
r
th
e
In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Jo
u
rn
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
c
s
a
n
d
A
ss
o
c
iat
e
Ed
it
o
r
f
o
r
In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Jo
u
rn
a
l
o
f
An
ten
n
a
a
n
d
P
r
o
p
a
g
a
ti
o
n
a
n
d
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
L
e
tt
e
r.
He
re
c
e
i
v
e
d
se
v
e
r
a
l
In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
G
o
ld
M
e
d
a
l
a
w
a
rd
s,
a
B
e
st
In
v
e
n
ti
o
n
in
T
e
le
c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
Aw
a
rd
,
a
S
p
e
c
ial
Aw
a
rd
f
ro
m
V
ietn
a
m
f
o
r
h
is
re
se
a
r
c
h
a
n
d
in
n
o
v
a
ti
o
n
,
a
n
d
Be
st
Re
se
a
rc
h
e
r
Aw
a
rd
s
in
2
0
1
0
a
n
d
2
0
1
1
a
t
UK
M
.
He
a
lso
w
o
n
th
e
b
e
st
in
n
o
v
a
ti
o
n
a
w
a
rd
in
2
0
1
1
a
n
d
t
h
e
Be
st
Re
se
a
rc
h
G
r
o
u
p
i
n
ICT
n
ich
e
in
2
0
1
4
b
y
U
KM.
He
w
a
s
th
e
re
c
ip
ien
t
o
f
P
u
b
l
ica
ti
o
n
A
wa
rd
f
ro
m
M
a
la
y
si
a
n
S
p
a
c
e
A
g
e
n
c
y
in
2
0
1
4
,
2
0
1
3
,
2
0
1
0
,
2
0
0
9
a
n
d
th
e
Be
st
P
a
p
e
r
P
re
se
n
tati
o
n
A
w
a
rd
in
2
0
1
2
In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
S
y
m
p
o
si
u
m
o
n
A
n
ten
n
a
s
a
n
d
P
ro
p
a
g
a
ti
o
n
,
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
9
,
No
.
4
,
A
u
g
u
s
t
201
9
:
3
1
4
6
-
31
52
3152
(IS
A
P
2
0
1
2
)
a
t
Na
g
o
y
a
,
Ja
p
a
n
a
n
d
in
2
0
1
5
in
Ic
o
n
S
p
a
c
e
.
He
is
a
S
e
n
io
r
M
e
m
b
e
r
o
f
IEE
E,
Ch
a
rtere
d
P
ro
f
e
ss
io
n
a
l
E
n
g
in
e
e
r
-
CEn
g
,
M
e
m
b
e
r
o
f
IET
(UK
)
a
n
d
m
e
m
b
e
r
o
f
IEI
CE
(Ja
p
a
n
).
No
r
b
a
h
ia
h
M
isr
a
n
re
c
e
iv
e
d
h
e
r
BEn
g
in
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l,
El
e
c
tro
n
ic
&
S
y
ste
m
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
f
ro
m
Un
iv
e
rsiti
Ke
b
a
n
g
sa
a
n
M
a
la
y
sia
(UK
M
)
in
1
9
9
9
.
S
h
e
c
o
m
p
lete
d
h
e
r
P
h
.
D.
d
e
g
re
e
a
t
th
e
Qu
e
e
n
’s
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
o
f
Be
l
f
a
st,
No
rth
e
rn
Ire
la
n
d
,
UK
(
2
0
0
4
).
S
h
e
sta
rted
h
e
r
c
a
re
e
r
a
s
a
tu
to
r
i
n
199
9
a
t
t
h
e
De
p
a
rtm
e
n
t
o
f
El
e
c
t
rica
l,
El
e
c
tro
n
ic
&
S
y
ste
m
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
,
UK
M
.
S
h
e
late
r
h
a
s
b
e
e
n
a
p
p
o
i
n
ted
a
s
a
lec
tu
re
r
(
2
0
0
4
)
a
n
d
a
n
a
ss
o
c
iate
p
ro
f
e
ss
o
r
(
2
0
0
9
)
a
t
th
e
sa
m
e
d
e
p
a
rtme
n
t.
A
t
p
re
se
n
t,
sh
e
is
a
p
ro
f
e
ss
o
r
a
n
d
Ch
a
ir
f
o
r
Ce
n
tre
o
f
A
d
v
a
n
c
e
d
El
e
c
tro
n
i
c
a
n
d
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
F
a
c
u
lt
y
o
f
En
g
in
e
e
r
in
g
a
n
d
Bu
il
t
E
n
v
iro
n
m
e
n
t,
UK
M
.
He
r
re
se
a
rc
h
in
tere
st
is
in
m
icro
w
a
v
e
d
e
v
ice
a
n
d
s
y
st
e
m
p
a
rti
c
u
larly
in
b
ro
a
d
b
a
n
d
m
icro
strip
a
n
ten
n
a
s,
re
c
o
n
f
ig
u
ra
b
le
a
n
ten
n
a
s
a
n
d
re
f
lec
tarra
y
a
n
ten
n
a
s.
S
h
e
is
a
lso
c
o
n
d
u
c
ti
n
g
so
m
e
re
se
a
rc
h
e
s
in
e
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
e
d
u
c
a
ti
o
n
f
ield
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.