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I
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p
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N:
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1
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ased
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n
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t
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t
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1
1
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ased
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3
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(
9
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e
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th
at,
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m
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tatic
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ter
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n
th
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s
e,
a
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tate
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s
e
i
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en
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an
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h
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r
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m
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ce
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e
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n
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en
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ed
at
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DE
T
E
RM
I
NAT
I
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N
VAL
U
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O
F
T
H
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D
E
SI
G
N
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AR
A
M
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RS
As
p
r
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d
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in
[
1
7
]
,
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e
P
ar
ticle
S
w
ar
m
Op
ti
m
izatio
n
(
P
SO)
tech
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e
w
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tili
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m
in
e
t
h
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ar
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h
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t
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r
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e
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m
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h
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n
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it
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u
m
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e.
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h
e
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x
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li
m
it
ca
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elec
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h
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2
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Fig
u
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4
s
h
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iatio
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e
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u
r
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Var
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ef
er
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ce
n
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g
e
o
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er
r
o
r
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
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2
0
8
8
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8708
I
n
t J
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lec
&
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p
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g
,
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9
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No
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4
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g
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s
t 2
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1
9
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3024
3020
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s
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ated
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t
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(
1
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4.
RE
SU
L
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S AN
D
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I
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SS
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ass
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atic
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lled
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r
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et
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i
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ts
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u
r
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5
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m
u
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l
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w
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t
h
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m
p
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m
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N
P
I
D
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
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n
g
I
SS
N:
2088
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8708
E
n
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3021
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u
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ates
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g
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en
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o
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u
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6
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u
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ates
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en
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n
d
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m
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t
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e
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e
s
p
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e
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en
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[1
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.
[2
]
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it
i
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12
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:
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[6
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De
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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p
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g
I
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(
S
.
N
.
S
.
S
a
lim)
3023
[7
]
A
.
A
.
M
.
F
a
u
d
z
i
,
K.
Os
m
a
n
,
M
.
F
.
Ra
h
m
a
t,
N.
m
.
D
.
M
u
sta
f
a
,
M
.
A
.
A
z
m
a
n
,
a
n
d
K.
S
u
z
u
m
o
ri
,
“
No
n
l
in
e
a
r
M
a
th
e
m
a
ti
c
a
l
M
o
d
e
l
o
f
a
n
In
telli
g
e
n
t
P
n
e
u
m
a
ti
c
A
c
tu
a
to
r
(I
P
A
)
S
y
st
e
m
s:
P
o
siti
o
n
a
n
d
F
o
rc
e
Co
n
tro
ls
,”
IEE
E/
AS
M
E
I
n
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
A
d
v
a
n
c
e
d
In
tell
ig
e
n
t
M
e
c
h
a
tro
n
ics
,
T
a
iw
a
n
,
1
1
0
5
-
1
1
1
0
,
2
0
1
2
.
[8
]
S
.
N.S
.
S
a
li
m
,
M
.
F
.
Ra
h
m
a
t,
A
.
A
.
M
.
F
a
u
d
z
i,
Z.
H
.
I
sm
a
il
,
N.H.
S
u
n
a
r,
S
A
S
a
m
su
d
in
,
“
Ro
b
u
st
C
o
n
tr
o
l
S
trate
g
y
f
o
r
P
n
e
u
m
a
ti
c
Driv
e
S
y
ste
m
v
ia
En
h
a
n
c
e
d
N
o
n
l
in
e
a
r
P
ID
C
o
n
t
ro
ll
e
r
,”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
a
n
d
Co
mp
u
ter
E
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
(
IJ
ECE
)
,
4
(5
):
6
5
8
-
66
7
,
2
0
1
4
.
[9
]
E.
W
o
lb
re
c
h
t
a
n
d
L
.
W
e
ll
s,
“
Ad
a
p
ti
v
e
P
n
e
u
m
a
ti
c
Co
n
tro
l
W
it
h
S
p
o
o
l
De
a
d
b
a
n
d
Co
m
p
e
n
sa
ti
o
n
,”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Fl
u
id
Po
we
r
,
13
(
1
):
25
-
3
7
,
2
0
1
2
.
[1
0
]
Ra
m
h
u
z
a
in
i
A
b
d
.
Ra
h
m
a
n
&
N
a
r
im
a
n
S
e
p
e
h
ri,
“
P
n
e
u
sim
u
lato
r:
A
sim
u
latio
n
so
f
t
w
a
re
f
o
r
stu
d
y
in
g
p
e
rf
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
o
f
c
o
n
tro
ll
e
rs i
n
p
n
e
u
m
a
ti
c
a
c
tu
a
ti
n
g
sy
ste
m
s
,”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Fl
u
id
Po
we
r
,
1
8
(
1
):
7
0
-
72
,
2
0
1
7
.
[1
1
]
M
.
E.
U.
J.
A
ra
ú
jo
,
J.
R.
T
.
G
a
d
e
lh
a
,
W
.
M
.
S
a
n
t
o
s,
A
.
L
.
M
a
it
e
ll
i,
a
n
d
F
.
M
.
U.
A
ra
ú
jo
,
“
No
n
li
n
e
a
r
P
re
d
ictiv
e
Co
n
tr
o
l
S
y
ste
m
f
o
r
S
ti
c
ti
o
n
C
o
m
p
e
n
sa
ti
o
n
i
n
E
lec
tro
p
n
e
u
m
a
ti
c
Co
n
tr
o
l
V
a
lv
e
s
.”
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Co
n
tr
o
l
S
c
ien
c
e
a
n
d
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
,
2
0
1
8
(1
):
1
-
15
,
2
0
1
8
.
[1
2
]
P
a
r
d
e
e
p
Ro
h
il
laa
,
V
i
n
e
e
t
Ku
m
a
r
a
n
d
F
e
ra
s
A
l
-
Ha
k
k
a
k
.
“
F
u
z
z
y
g
a
in
sc
h
e
d
u
l
in
g
o
f
P
ID
c
o
n
tr
o
l
ler
f
o
r
stictio
n
c
o
m
p
e
n
sa
ti
o
n
in
p
n
e
u
m
a
ti
c
c
o
n
tro
l
v
a
lv
e
,”
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Co
m
p
u
t
a
ti
o
n
a
l
a
n
d
A
p
p
l
ied
Res
e
a
rc
h
i
n
M
e
c
h
a
n
ica
l
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
(
J
CAR
M
E)
,
8
(
2
):
1
6
5
-
1
7
4
,
2
0
1
9
.
[1
3
]
K.
A
h
n
a
n
d
T
.
T
h
a
n
h
,
“
No
n
li
n
e
a
r
P
ID
c
o
n
tro
l
to
im
p
ro
v
e
th
e
c
o
n
tr
o
l
p
e
rf
o
rm
a
n
c
e
o
f
th
e
p
n
e
u
m
a
ti
c
a
rti
f
icia
l
m
u
sc
le
m
a
n
ip
u
lato
r
u
si
n
g
n
e
u
ra
l
n
e
tw
o
r
k
,”
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
M
e
c
h
a
n
ica
l
S
c
ien
c
e
a
n
d
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
19
(1
):
1
0
6
-
1
1
5
,
2
0
0
5
.
[1
4
]
X
.
G
a
o
a
n
d
Z.
-
J.
F
e
n
g
.
De
sig
n
stu
d
y
o
f
a
n
a
d
a
p
ti
v
e
F
u
z
z
y
-
P
D
c
o
n
tro
ll
e
r
f
o
r
p
n
e
u
m
a
ti
c
se
rv
o
s
y
ste
m
.
Co
n
tro
l
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
Pra
c
ti
c
e
.
2
0
0
5
;
13
:
55
-
6
5
,
2
0
0
5
.
[1
5
]
C.
Ju
n
y
i,
C.
Bi
n
g
g
a
n
g
,
Z.
Xin
i
n
g
,
a
n
d
W
.
G
u
a
n
g
n
u
i
,
“
F
ra
c
ti
o
n
a
l
P
ro
p
o
r
ti
o
n
a
l
In
teg
ra
l
Co
n
tr
o
l
f
o
r
P
n
e
u
m
a
ti
c
P
o
siti
o
n
S
e
rv
o
S
y
ste
m
s
,”
IEE
E
/A
S
M
E
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
M
e
c
h
tro
n
ic
a
n
d
Emb
e
d
d
e
d
S
y
ste
ms
a
n
d
Ap
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s (
M
ES
A)
,
Be
ij
i
n
g
,
2
0
0
8
:
3
4
7
-
3
5
2
.
[1
6
]
S
.
Ch
o
,
“
T
ra
jec
to
r
y
tra
c
k
in
g
c
o
n
tr
o
l
o
f
a
p
n
e
u
m
a
ti
c
X
-
Y
ta
b
le
u
sin
g
n
e
u
ra
l
n
e
tw
o
rk
b
a
s
e
d
P
ID
c
o
n
tro
l
,”
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Pre
c
isio
n
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
M
a
n
u
f
a
c
tu
rin
g
,
10
(
5
):
37
-
4
4
,
2
0
0
9
.
[1
7
]
M
.
T
a
g
h
iza
d
e
h
,
F
.
Na
jaf
i,
a
n
d
A
.
G
h
a
ff
a
ri
,
“
M
u
lt
im
o
d
e
l
P
D
-
c
o
n
tr
o
l
o
f
a
p
n
e
u
m
a
ti
c
a
c
tu
a
to
r
u
n
d
e
r
v
a
riab
le
lo
a
d
s
,”
In
t
J
A
d
v
M
a
n
u
f
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
,
48
(5
-
8
)
:
6
5
5
-
6
6
2
,
2
0
1
0
.
[1
8
]
M
.
F
.
Ra
h
m
a
t,
S
.
N.
S
.
S
a
li
m
,
A
.
A
.
M
.
F
a
u
d
z
i,
Z.
H.
Ism
a
il
,
S
.
I.
S
a
m
su
d
in
,
N.
H.
S
u
n
a
r,
e
t
a
l.
.
“
No
n
-
li
n
e
a
r
M
o
d
e
li
n
g
a
n
d
Ca
sc
a
d
e
Co
n
tro
l
o
f
a
n
In
d
u
strial
P
n
e
u
m
a
ti
c
A
c
tu
a
to
r
S
y
ste
m
,”
Au
stra
li
a
n
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
B
a
sic
a
n
d
Ap
p
li
e
d
S
c
ie
n
c
e
s
.
5
(8
):
4
6
5
-
4
7
7
,
2
0
1
1
.
[1
9
]
M
.
F
.
Ra
h
m
a
t,
S
.
N.
S
.
S
a
li
m
,
N.
H.
S
u
n
a
r,
A
.
A
.
M
.
F
a
u
d
z
i,
Z.
H.
Is
m
a
il
,
a
n
d
K.
Hu
d
a
,
“
Id
e
n
ti
f
i
c
a
ti
o
n
a
n
d
n
o
n
-
li
n
e
a
r
c
o
n
tr
o
l
stra
teg
y
f
o
r
in
d
u
st
rial
p
n
e
u
m
a
ti
c
a
c
tu
a
to
r
,”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
th
e
P
h
y
sic
a
l
S
c
ien
c
e
s
.
7
(1
7
)
:
2
5
6
5
-
2
5
7
9
,
2
0
1
2
.
[2
0
]
S
.
N.
S
.
S
a
li
m
,
M
.
F
.
Ra
h
m
a
t,
A
.
A
.
F
a
u
d
z
i,
a
n
d
Z.
Ism
a
il
,
“
P
o
siti
o
n
c
o
n
tro
l
o
f
p
n
e
u
m
a
ti
c
a
c
t
u
a
to
r
u
si
n
g
a
n
e
n
h
a
n
c
e
m
e
n
t
o
f
NP
ID
c
o
n
tr
o
ll
e
r
b
a
se
d
o
n
th
e
c
h
a
ra
c
teristic
o
f
ra
te
v
a
riatio
n
n
o
n
li
n
e
a
r
g
a
in
,”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
A
d
v
a
n
c
e
d
M
a
n
u
fa
c
tu
ri
n
g
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
75
(1
-
4
)
:
1
8
1
-
1
9
5
,
2
0
1
4
.
[2
1
]
K.
S
a
to
a
n
d
Y.
S
a
n
o
.
“
P
ra
c
ti
c
a
l
a
n
d
in
t
u
it
iv
e
c
o
n
tro
ll
e
r
d
e
sig
n
m
e
th
o
d
f
o
r
p
re
c
isio
n
p
o
siti
o
n
i
n
g
o
f
a
p
n
e
u
m
a
ti
c
c
y
li
n
d
e
r
a
c
tu
a
to
r
sta
g
e
,”
Pre
c
isio
n
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
,
38
(
1
0
)
:
7
0
3
-
7
1
0
,
2
0
1
4
.
[2
2
]
S.
-
C.
Hs
u
a
n
d
C.
-
Y.
L
in
,
“
P
e
ri
o
d
ic
m
o
ti
o
n
c
o
n
tro
l
o
f
a
h
e
a
v
y
d
u
ty
p
n
e
u
m
a
ti
c
a
c
tu
a
ti
n
g
tab
le
u
sin
g
lo
w
-
c
o
st
p
o
siti
o
n
se
n
so
rs
a
n
d
h
y
b
rid
re
p
e
ti
ti
v
e
c
o
n
tr
o
l
,”
IEE
E
I
n
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
S
y
mp
o
si
u
m
o
n
I
n
d
u
stria
l
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
(
IS
IE)
,
1
-
6
,
2
0
1
3
.
[2
3
]
K.
A
h
n
a
n
d
T
.
T
h
a
n
h
,
“
No
n
li
n
e
a
r
P
ID
c
o
n
tro
l
to
im
p
ro
v
e
th
e
c
o
n
tr
o
l
p
e
rf
o
rm
a
n
c
e
o
f
th
e
p
n
e
u
m
a
ti
c
a
rti
f
icia
l
m
u
sc
le
m
a
n
ip
u
lato
r
u
si
n
g
n
e
u
ra
l
n
e
tw
o
rk
,”
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
M
e
c
h
a
n
ica
l
S
c
ien
c
e
a
n
d
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
19
(
1
):
1
0
6
-
1
1
5
,
2
0
0
5
.
[2
4
]
X
.
G
a
o
a
n
d
Z
.
-
J.
F
e
n
g
,
“
De
sig
n
stu
d
y
o
f
a
n
a
d
a
p
ti
v
e
F
u
z
z
y
-
P
D
c
o
n
tr
o
ll
e
r
f
o
r
p
n
e
u
m
a
ti
c
se
rv
o
sy
s
tem
,”
Co
n
tro
l
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
Pra
c
ti
c
e
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1
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5
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S
.
N.
S
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S
a
li
m
,
M
.
F
.
Ra
h
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t,
A
.
M
o
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d
F
a
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i,
A
th
if
,
Z.
H.
Ism
a
il
,
a
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d
N.
S
u
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a
r
,
“
P
o
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o
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tr
o
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o
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in
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li
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,
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M
a
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ma
ti
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g
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v
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2
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2
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2
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B
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RAP
H
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AUTH
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y
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d
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jib
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g
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(E
lec
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c
a
l)
f
ro
m
Un
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siti
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k
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lo
g
i
M
a
lay
sia
in
2
0
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He
c
o
m
p
lete
d
h
is
P
h
.
D
d
e
g
re
e
in
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e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
(s
p
e
c
ialize
d
in
Co
n
tr
o
l
S
y
ste
m
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
)
a
t
Un
iv
e
rsiti
T
e
k
n
o
lo
g
i
M
a
lay
sia
in
2
0
1
5
.
C
u
rre
n
tl
y
,
h
e
is
a
se
n
io
r
lec
tu
re
r
a
t
th
e
F
a
c
u
lt
y
o
f
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
Un
iv
e
r
siti
T
e
k
n
ik
a
l
M
a
la
y
sia
M
e
lak
a
,
M
a
la
y
sia
.
His
f
ield
o
f
sp
e
c
ializa
ti
o
n
i
n
c
lu
d
e
s
c
o
n
tr
o
l
s
y
ste
m
s
d
e
sig
n
,
M
e
c
h
a
tro
n
ics
,
In
stru
m
e
n
tatio
n
a
n
d
I
n
d
u
strial
A
u
to
m
a
ti
o
n
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
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I
n
t J
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lec
&
C
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No
.
4
,
A
u
g
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s
t 2
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5
-
3024
3024
M
o
h
d
F
u
a
’
a
d
Ra
h
m
a
t
re
c
e
i
v
e
d
d
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g
re
e
in
El
e
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tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
a
t
Un
iv
e
r
siti
Tek
n
o
lo
g
i
M
a
la
y
sia
in
1
9
8
9
.
He
sta
rted
h
is
M
a
ste
r
d
e
g
r
e
e
b
y
tau
g
h
t
c
o
u
rse
sp
e
c
ialize
d
in
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n
tro
l
S
y
ste
m
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g
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g
a
n
d
g
ra
d
u
a
ted
i
n
1
9
9
3
a
t
T
h
e
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
o
f
S
h
e
ff
ield
,
UK
.
S
u
b
se
q
u
e
n
tl
y
,
h
e
p
u
rsu
e
d
h
is
P
h
D
d
e
g
re
e
in
El
e
c
tro
n
ic
In
st
ru
m
e
n
tatio
n
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
a
t
th
e
S
c
h
o
o
l
o
f
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
S
h
e
f
f
ield
Ha
ll
a
m
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
,
UK
a
n
d
g
ra
d
u
a
ted
i
n
1
9
9
6
.
C
u
rre
n
tl
y
,
h
e
is
a
P
ro
f
e
ss
o
r
in
th
e
De
p
a
rtm
e
n
t
o
f
Co
n
tr
o
l
a
n
d
M
e
c
h
a
tro
n
ics
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
F
a
c
u
lt
y
o
f
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
Un
iv
e
rsiti
T
e
k
n
o
lo
g
i
M
a
la
y
sia
S
k
u
d
a
i
Jo
h
o
r.
His
f
iel
d
o
f
sp
e
c
ializ
a
ti
o
n
i
n
c
lu
d
e
S
y
st
e
m
Id
e
n
ti
f
ica
ti
o
n
a
n
d
Esti
m
a
ti
o
n
,
S
ig
n
a
l
P
r
o
c
e
ss
in
g
,
P
ro
c
e
ss
T
o
m
o
g
r
a
p
h
y
f
o
r
In
d
u
stria
l
P
ro
c
e
ss
,
P
r
o
c
e
ss
Co
n
tr
o
l
In
stru
m
e
n
tatio
n
,
S
e
n
so
rs a
n
d
A
c
tu
a
to
rs,
Hy
d
ra
u
li
c
a
n
d
P
n
e
u
m
a
ti
c
S
y
st
e
m
.
Lo
k
m
a
n
A
b
d
u
ll
a
h
re
c
e
iv
e
d
th
e
B.
En
g
.
d
e
g
re
e
in
m
a
n
u
fa
c
tu
ri
n
g
e
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
f
ro
m
In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Isla
m
ic
Un
iv
e
r
sit
y
o
f
M
a
la
y
sia
(IIUM
),
in
2
0
0
5
,
th
e
M
.
S
c
.
d
e
g
re
e
in
m
a
n
u
f
a
c
tu
rin
g
s
y
ste
m
s
e
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
f
ro
m
Co
v
e
n
tr
y
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
,
UK
,
in
2
0
0
8
,
a
n
d
t
h
e
P
h
.
D.
d
e
g
re
e
in
e
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
f
ro
m
Un
iv
e
rsiti
T
e
k
n
ik
a
l
M
a
la
y
sia
M
e
lak
a
(U
T
e
M
),
M
a
la
y
sia
,
in
2
0
1
4
.
He
is
c
u
rre
n
tl
y
a
L
e
c
tu
re
r
w
it
h
th
e
De
p
a
rtm
e
n
t
o
f
Ro
b
o
ti
c
s
a
n
d
A
u
to
m
a
ti
o
n
,
F
a
c
u
lt
y
o
f
M
a
n
u
f
a
c
tu
rin
g
A
u
to
m
a
ti
o
n
,
Un
iv
e
rsiti
T
e
k
n
ik
a
l
M
a
la
y
si
a
M
e
lak
a
,
M
a
lay
sia
.
His
f
ield
s
o
f
in
tere
st
a
re
in
c
o
n
tro
l
sy
st
e
m
s,
m
o
ti
o
n
c
o
n
tr
o
l,
m
e
c
h
a
tro
n
ic
s,
a
n
d
in
d
u
strial
a
u
to
m
a
ti
o
n
S
h
a
m
s
u
l
A
n
u
a
r
S
h
a
m
s
u
d
in
re
c
e
iv
e
d
h
is
P
h
.
D.
in
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
f
ro
m
th
e
Un
iv
e
rsity
o
f
Da
y
to
n
in
Da
y
to
n
,
Oh
io
,
USA
in
M
a
y
2
0
1
3
.
His
re
s
e
a
rc
h
in
tere
sts
in
c
lu
d
e
m
e
c
h
a
n
ism
s,
m
a
c
h
in
e
c
o
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
d
e
sig
n
,
e
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
d
e
sig
n
m
e
t
h
o
d
s
,
e
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
g
ra
p
h
ics
a
n
d
a
u
to
m
a
ti
o
n
.
He
h
a
s
b
e
e
n
w
it
h
UT
e
M
(
a
n
d
KU
T
KM)
f
o
r
1
4
y
e
a
rs.
He
is
a
s
e
n
io
r
lec
tu
re
r
a
t
th
e
F
a
c
u
lt
y
o
f
M
e
c
h
a
n
ica
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
in
UT
e
M
.
M
a
sla
n
Za
in
o
n
re
c
e
i
v
e
d
h
is
M
.
S
c
.
in
E
lec
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
w
it
h
P
o
w
e
r
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
f
ro
m
th
e
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
o
f
Br
a
d
f
o
rd
,
UK
,
in
2
0
0
5
.
He
a
lso
h
o
l
d
s
a
B.
En
g
.
(Ho
n
s)
in
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
a
n
d
El
e
c
tr
o
n
ic
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
(M
a
n
c
h
e
ste
r
M
e
tr
o
p
o
li
ta
n
Un
iv
e
rsity
,
UK
)
in
1
9
9
8
,
a
n
d
a
Dip
l
o
m
a
in
El
e
c
tro
-
M
e
c
h
a
n
ica
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
(P
o
li
te
k
n
ik
Ko
ta
Bh
a
ru
,
Ke
lan
tan
,
M
a
la
y
sia
)
in
1
9
9
4
.
His
re
se
a
rc
h
in
tere
sts
in
c
lu
d
e
in
d
u
strial
a
u
t
o
m
a
ti
o
n
,
c
o
n
tro
l
a
n
d
m
o
n
it
o
ri
n
g
s
y
s
tem
s
d
e
sig
n
,
re
n
e
w
a
b
le
e
n
e
rg
y
(so
lar
p
h
o
t
o
v
o
lt
a
ic)
a
s
w
e
ll
a
s
tec
h
n
ica
l
a
n
d
v
o
c
a
ti
o
n
a
l
e
d
u
c
a
ti
o
n
a
n
d
trai
n
in
g
(T
V
ET
).
He
h
a
s
b
e
e
n
w
it
h
Un
iv
e
rsiti
Tek
n
ik
a
l
M
a
la
y
sia
M
e
la
k
a
(U
T
e
M
),
f
o
r
m
e
rl
y
k
n
o
w
n
a
s
Ko
lej
Un
iv
e
rsiti
T
e
k
n
ik
a
l
Ke
b
a
n
g
sa
a
n
M
a
la
y
sia
(
KU
T
KM),
sin
c
e
2
0
0
3
.
He
is
a
se
n
io
r
lec
tu
re
r
a
t
t
h
e
F
a
c
u
lt
y
o
f
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
UT
e
M
.
Ahm
a
d
Fa
ir
u
z
M
u
h
a
m
m
a
d
A
m
i
n
re
c
e
iv
e
d
th
e
B.
En
g
.
d
e
g
re
e
(w
it
h
h
o
n
o
u
rs)
i
n
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
a
n
d
El
e
c
tro
n
ic
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
(Co
m
p
u
ter
a
n
d
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
En
g
)
f
ro
m
th
e
Un
iv
e
r
siti
S
a
in
s
M
a
la
y
sia
,
P
u
lau
P
i
n
a
n
g
,
M
a
lay
sia
,
in
1
9
8
8
,
a
n
d
th
e
M
.
S
c
.
d
e
g
re
e
in
Co
m
p
u
ter
S
c
ien
c
e
f
ro
m
th
e
Un
iv
e
rsiti
P
u
t
ra
M
a
lay
sia
,
S
e
lan
g
o
r,
M
a
lay
sia
,
in
2
0
0
4
.
S
i
n
c
e
th
e
n
,
h
e
jo
in
e
d
Un
iv
e
rsiti
M
u
lt
im
e
d
ia,
M
a
la
y
sia
,
in
1
9
9
6
a
s
S
y
ste
m
En
g
in
e
e
r.
He
is
c
u
rre
n
tl
y
a
L
e
c
tu
re
r
a
t
Un
iv
e
rsiti
T
e
k
n
ik
a
l
M
a
la
y
sia
M
e
lak
a
a
n
d
m
a
in
a
re
a
s o
f
re
se
a
r
c
h
in
tere
st are
c
o
m
p
u
ter n
e
tw
o
rk
in
g
a
n
d
e
m
b
e
d
d
e
d
sy
ste
m
d
e
si
g
n
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.