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l
B
in
ar
y
P
atter
n
(
C
SL
B
P
)
is
tex
tu
al
d
escr
ip
to
r
u
s
ed
f
o
r
h
as
h
in
g
[
4
]
.
T
h
e
C
S
L
B
P
co
v
er
s
en
tire
l
o
ca
l
r
eg
io
n
in
o
n
l
y
f
o
u
r
p
air
s
,
th
at
r
es
u
lts
i
n
a
1
6
b
in
h
is
to
g
r
a
m
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
to
ad
v
an
ta
g
e
o
f
s
m
all
s
ize
h
is
to
g
r
a
m
,
C
SL
B
P
ca
p
tu
r
es
s
tr
u
ctu
r
al
c
h
an
g
e
s
in
s
tr
en
g
th
a
n
d
g
i
v
e
s
r
o
tatio
n
al
in
v
ar
ia
n
ce
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
eth
o
d
u
s
ed
C
S
L
B
P
in
m
o
d
if
ied
f
o
r
m
b
ased
o
n
p
o
s
itio
n
o
f
n
ei
g
h
b
o
u
r
s
.
I
t
co
v
er
s
en
tire
lo
ca
l
r
eg
io
n
a
n
d
r
ep
r
esen
t
i
n
o
n
l
y
8
b
in
h
is
to
g
r
am
w
h
ic
h
g
i
v
es
o
u
t
co
m
p
ac
t
a
n
d
q
u
alit
y
i
m
a
g
e
h
as
h
co
d
e.
I
t
g
en
er
ates
t
w
o
4
b
in
h
is
to
g
r
a
m
.
Q
u
a
n
tizati
o
n
lo
s
s
o
n
16
b
in
h
is
to
g
r
a
m
(
C
S
L
B
P
)
is
m
o
r
e
th
a
n
q
u
a
n
tizatio
n
o
n
4
b
in
h
is
to
g
r
a
m
.
P
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
et
h
o
d
o
v
er
co
m
e
lo
s
s
o
f
q
u
an
tizat
io
n
p
r
o
b
le
m
b
y
p
er
f
o
r
m
i
n
g
q
u
a
n
tizatio
n
o
f
4
b
i
n
h
is
to
g
r
a
m
.
C
S
L
B
P
u
s
e
s
o
n
l
y
s
i
g
n
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
.
P
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
et
h
o
d
i
m
p
r
o
v
es
d
i
s
cr
i
m
i
n
atio
n
ca
p
ab
ilit
y
b
y
in
c
o
r
p
o
r
atin
g
lo
ca
l
w
ei
g
h
t
f
ac
to
r
s
u
c
h
as
S
tan
d
ar
d
Dev
iatio
n
(
SD)
an
d
L
ap
lacia
n
o
f
Gau
s
s
ia
n
(
L
o
G)
w
it
h
s
i
g
n
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
.
B
ac
k
b
o
n
e
o
f
a
n
i
m
a
g
e
h
as
h
i
n
g
is
q
u
alit
y
f
ea
t
u
r
e
s
ex
tr
ac
t
io
n
.
I
d
en
ti
f
y
in
g
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
al
c
h
an
g
e
s
ar
e
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
at
g
lo
b
al
an
d
lo
ca
l
lev
el.
Du
e
to
lo
ca
l
a
n
d
g
lo
b
al
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
,
m
eth
o
d
s
ar
e
ca
p
ab
le
o
f
d
etec
tin
g
i
m
a
g
e
f
o
r
g
er
y
as
w
ell
a
s
lo
ca
t
in
g
co
u
n
ter
f
ei
t
ar
ea
o
f
t
h
e
i
m
a
g
e.
I
n
f
o
llo
w
in
g
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es,
g
lo
b
al
f
ea
t
u
r
es
a
n
d
lo
ca
l
f
ea
tu
r
es
ar
e
ex
tr
ac
ted
an
d
u
s
ed
j
o
in
tl
y
.
L
o
ca
l
f
ea
tu
r
e
w
it
h
s
alie
n
c
y
o
b
j
ec
t
d
etec
t
io
n
u
s
i
n
g
s
p
ec
tr
al
r
esid
u
al
m
o
d
el
an
d
g
lo
b
al
f
ea
tu
r
e
w
it
h
DW
T
-
SVD
(
Dis
cr
ete
-
W
av
elet
T
r
an
s
f
o
r
m
-
Si
n
g
u
lar
Valu
e
Dec
o
m
p
o
s
itio
n
)
ar
e
co
m
b
in
ed
[
5
]
.
L
o
ca
l
f
ea
tu
r
e
b
y
s
alie
n
c
y
d
etec
tio
n
a
n
d
g
lo
b
al
f
ea
t
u
r
e
b
y
r
in
g
p
ar
titi
o
n
o
n
p
r
o
j
ec
ted
g
r
ad
ien
t
n
o
n
-
n
e
g
ati
v
e
m
atr
ix
f
ac
to
r
izatio
n
(
P
GNM
F)
[
6
]
.
Sh
ap
e
d
etec
tio
n
b
y
z
er
n
ik
e
m
o
m
en
t
as
a
g
lo
b
al
f
ea
tu
r
e
a
n
d
p
o
s
itio
n
a
n
d
tex
t
u
r
e
ar
e
d
etec
ted
b
y
s
alie
n
t
p
o
in
t
d
etec
tio
n
as
a
lo
ca
l
f
ea
tu
r
e
[
7
].
Z
er
n
ik
e
m
o
m
e
n
t
r
ep
r
esen
ts
g
lo
b
al
f
e
atu
r
e
an
d
Har
alic
k
te
x
t
u
r
e
ex
tr
ac
ts
1
4
lo
ca
l
s
tati
s
t
ic
s
v
al
u
es
r
ep
r
esen
ts
lo
ca
l
tex
t
u
r
e
f
ea
t
u
r
e
[
8
].
Glo
b
al
ze
r
n
ik
e
m
o
m
en
ts
co
m
b
i
n
ed
w
it
h
lo
ca
l
MO
D
-
L
B
P
f
ea
tu
r
e
ar
e
c
o
m
b
i
n
ed
[
9
]
.
R
ad
o
n
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
ed
i
m
ag
e
h
as
b
o
th
l
o
ca
l
an
d
g
lo
b
al
f
ea
t
u
r
es
.
I
n
v
a
r
ian
t
m
o
m
e
n
ts
f
r
o
m
r
ad
o
n
co
ef
f
icien
ts
r
ep
r
esen
t
s
g
lo
b
al
f
ea
tu
r
e
a
n
d
s
ta
tis
t
ical
m
ea
s
u
r
es
s
u
ch
a
s
ze
r
o
-
o
r
d
er
m
o
m
e
n
t,
v
ar
ia
n
ce
,
s
i
n
g
u
lar
v
alu
e,
D
C
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
f
o
r
m
s
lo
ca
l
f
ea
t
u
r
es
[
10
].
DC
T
(
Dis
cr
ete
C
o
s
in
e
T
r
an
s
f
o
r
m
)
as
a
g
lo
b
al
f
ea
tu
r
e
a
n
d
lo
ca
l
f
ea
t
u
r
e
ex
tr
ac
tio
n
u
s
i
n
g
lea
s
t
-
s
q
u
ar
es
li
n
e
(
L
S
L
)
f
i
tti
n
g
o
f
Dis
cr
ete
W
av
elet
T
r
an
s
f
o
r
m
(
DW
T
)
co
ef
f
ic
ien
t
s
ar
e
co
m
b
in
ed
[
1
1
]
.
DC
T
g
lo
b
al
f
ea
tu
r
e
an
d
Gr
a
y
L
e
v
el
C
o
-
o
cc
u
r
r
en
ce
Ma
tr
ix
(
GL
C
M)
lo
ca
l
f
ea
tu
r
e
ar
e
u
s
ed
in
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
[
1
2
]
.
Fre
q
u
en
c
y
d
o
m
ai
n
m
et
h
o
d
s
ar
e
q
u
ite
p
o
p
u
lar
in
h
as
h
i
n
g
as
t
r
an
s
f
o
r
m
ed
co
ef
f
icien
ts
ar
e
in
v
ar
ian
t
t
o
v
ar
io
u
s
g
eo
m
etr
ic
at
tack
s
.
D
C
T
is
ap
p
lied
o
n
R
ad
o
n
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
ed
i
m
a
g
e
a
n
d
v
ar
io
u
s
s
tati
s
tical
f
ea
t
u
r
e
s
ex
tr
ac
ted
f
r
o
m
AC
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
to
g
e
n
er
ate
h
as
h
[
13
].
Fo
u
r
ier
-
Me
ll
in
T
r
an
s
f
o
r
m
(
FM
T
)
is
ap
p
lied
o
n
an
i
m
a
g
e
to
g
et
tr
a
n
s
lat
io
n
i
n
v
ar
ian
ce
.
Fo
u
r
ier
T
r
an
s
f
o
r
m
s
is
ap
p
lied
o
n
lo
g
-
p
o
lar
co
o
r
d
in
ates
o
f
FMT
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
ed
i
m
a
g
e
to
o
b
tain
r
o
tatio
n
an
d
s
ca
le
in
v
ar
ian
ce
.
R
es
u
lta
n
t
co
ef
f
icie
n
ts
ar
e
u
s
ed
to
o
b
tain
h
as
h
[
1
4
]
.
C
o
n
te
n
t
-
ch
a
n
g
e
co
ef
f
icie
n
ts
ar
e
g
en
er
ated
b
y
ap
p
l
y
i
n
g
f
ir
s
t
DW
T
f
o
llo
w
ed
b
y
R
ad
o
n
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
[
1
5
].
Sig
n
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
o
f
D
C
T
co
e
f
f
icien
ts
ca
r
r
y
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
a
b
o
u
t
tex
t
u
r
es
a
n
d
ed
g
es
w
h
i
ch
u
tili
ze
d
i
n
h
a
s
h
f
o
r
m
atio
n
[
1
6
]
.
SVD
i
s
ap
p
li
ed
o
n
co
n
to
u
r
le
t
HM
T
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
ed
i
m
a
g
e
to
s
elec
t
m
o
s
t
e
f
f
icien
t
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
s
an
d
f
o
llo
w
ed
b
y
r
an
d
o
m
izatio
n
to
g
en
er
ate
f
i
n
al
h
a
s
h
[
1
7
]
.
Me
th
o
d
s
b
ased
o
n
m
atr
i
x
f
ac
to
r
izatio
n
p
r
o
v
id
e
ef
f
icie
n
t
w
a
y
o
f
s
ep
ar
atin
g
m
o
s
t
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
ca
r
r
y
i
n
g
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
.
NM
F
is
ap
p
lied
t
w
ice
o
n
p
s
e
u
d
o
r
an
d
o
m
s
u
b
i
m
a
g
es
o
f
o
r
i
g
in
a
l
i
m
a
g
e.
T
h
is
m
et
h
o
d
d
is
tin
g
u
is
h
es
b
et
w
ee
n
m
alicio
u
s
a
n
d
n
o
n
-
m
ali
cio
u
s
attac
k
b
u
t
f
ail
f
o
r
lo
ca
l
r
eg
io
n
f
o
r
g
er
y
[
1
8
]
.
NM
F
is
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
o
n
lu
m
in
an
ce
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
o
f
p
s
e
u
d
o
-
r
an
d
o
m
l
y
r
e
-
ar
r
an
g
ed
in
p
u
t
i
m
a
g
e.
Has
h
i
s
co
n
s
tr
u
cted
b
ased
o
n
th
e
co
n
c
ep
t
th
at
ad
j
ac
en
t
en
tr
ie
s
i
n
th
e
NM
Fs
co
e
f
f
ic
ien
t
m
atr
i
x
i
s
b
asicall
y
in
v
a
r
ia
n
t
to
co
n
ten
t
-
p
r
eser
v
i
n
g
i
m
ag
e
o
p
er
atio
n
s
[
1
9
]
.
Oth
er
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
u
s
es
v
ar
io
u
s
s
p
atial
a
n
d
s
tati
s
tical
f
ea
t
u
r
es.
SIFT
an
d
Har
r
is
d
etec
to
r
d
e
tects
lo
ca
l
s
tab
le
r
o
b
u
s
t
f
ea
tu
r
e
p
o
in
ts
.
T
h
ese
p
o
in
ts
ar
e
em
b
ed
d
ed
in
to
s
h
ap
e
-
c
o
n
te
x
t
s
-
b
ased
d
escr
ip
to
r
s
[
2
0
]
.
Lo
ca
l
r
o
b
u
s
t
SIFT
f
ea
t
u
r
e
p
o
in
ts
o
f
t
h
e
o
r
ig
in
al
i
m
ag
e
a
n
d
its
attac
k
ed
v
er
s
io
n
ar
e
f
o
u
n
d
.
T
h
ese
p
o
in
ts
ar
e
m
atc
h
ed
u
s
i
n
g
d
is
ta
n
ce
v
ec
to
r
[
2
1
]
.
T
ex
tu
r
e
ex
tr
ac
tio
n
i
s
a
v
er
y
p
o
p
u
lar
w
a
y
f
o
r
a
n
i
m
a
g
e
h
as
h
in
g
.
T
ex
tu
r
al
c
h
a
n
g
e
s
i
s
a
n
e
f
f
icien
t
w
a
y
to
d
is
cr
im
in
a
te
b
et
w
ee
n
m
alic
io
u
s
an
d
n
o
n
-
m
alicio
u
s
ac
ti
v
it
ies.
Var
io
u
s
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
ar
e
a
v
ailab
le
f
o
r
tex
t
u
r
e
d
etec
tio
n
.
Sp
ec
if
icall
y
L
o
ca
l
B
in
ar
y
P
atter
n
is
a
p
o
p
u
lar
tex
tu
r
e
d
escr
ip
to
r
w
h
ich
e
x
tr
ac
t
s
tex
t
u
r
e
d
etails
at
lo
ca
l
lev
el
a
n
d
b
in
d
s
t
h
e
m
at
s
e
m
i
g
lo
b
al
le
v
el
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
h
i
s
t
o
g
r
a
m
.
P
r
o
b
lem
a
s
s
o
ciate
d
w
i
th
t
h
e
L
B
P
is
th
a
t
g
en
er
ated
h
is
to
g
r
a
m
f
o
r
a
lo
ca
l
r
eg
io
n
o
f
s
ize
3
×3
is
o
f
2
5
6
b
in
[
2
2
]
.
T
h
er
e
ar
e
m
a
n
y
v
ar
ian
ts
o
f
th
e
L
B
P
’
s
s
u
c
h
as
MB
P
,
I
L
B
P
,
R
L
B
P
,
DL
B
P
etc.
w
h
ic
h
ca
p
t
u
r
e
tex
t
u
r
e
s
tr
e
n
g
t
h
i
n
d
i
f
f
er
e
n
t
w
a
y
s
.
T
h
e
L
B
P
’
s
ar
e
als
o
av
ailab
le
f
o
r
co
lo
r
i
m
a
g
es.
M
ain
d
r
a
w
b
ac
k
o
f
t
h
e
L
B
P
an
d
its
v
ar
ia
n
ts
ar
e
lar
g
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
th
e
h
i
s
to
g
r
a
m
b
in
,
w
h
ic
h
ev
e
n
t
u
all
y
a
f
f
ec
ts
f
i
n
al
s
ize
o
f
d
escr
ip
to
r
.
T
o
ac
h
iev
e
s
h
o
r
t
h
a
s
h
le
n
g
th
,
C
S
L
B
P
is
a
s
u
itab
le
o
p
tio
n
f
o
r
h
as
h
i
n
g
.
Dav
ar
za
n
i
h
a
d
co
n
s
t
r
u
cted
C
S
L
B
P
h
is
to
g
r
a
m
f
o
r
f
o
u
r
t
i
m
e
s
.
E
ac
h
h
is
to
g
r
a
m
is
b
u
ilt
w
it
h
w
e
ig
h
t
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
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8708
I
n
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&
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p
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n
g
,
Vo
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9
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4
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u
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u
s
t 2
0
1
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2959
2952
f
ac
to
r
.
Fo
u
r
w
eig
h
t
f
ac
to
r
s
ar
e
g
en
er
ated
f
r
o
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m
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if
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er
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m
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ic
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L
SB
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Dr
a
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m
et
h
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th
at
h
a
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ize
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n
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ea
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ed
b
y
4
ti
m
e
s
.
A
ls
o
w
ei
g
h
t
f
ac
to
r
co
n
tr
ib
u
te
s
v
er
y
l
ittl
e
in
en
h
a
n
cin
g
d
is
cr
i
m
i
n
atio
n
p
o
w
er
[
2
3
]
.
I
n
o
u
r
p
r
ev
io
u
s
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es,
w
e
f
o
u
n
d
th
at
C
S
L
B
P
ca
n
b
e
m
ad
e
m
o
r
e
r
o
b
u
s
t
f
o
r
d
is
cr
im
i
n
atio
n
i
f
lo
ca
l
w
e
ig
h
t
f
ac
to
r
i
s
u
tili
ze
d
d
u
r
in
g
t
h
e
C
S
L
B
P
h
i
s
to
g
r
a
m
co
n
s
tr
u
ctio
n
.
L
o
c
al
w
ei
g
h
t
f
a
cto
r
ca
p
tu
r
es
lo
ca
l
s
tr
en
g
th
an
d
it
is
b
i
n
d
in
h
is
to
g
r
a
m
.
I
n
o
u
r
A
Q
-
C
SL
B
P
,
SDQ
-
C
S
L
B
P
,
C
o
C
Q
-
C
S
L
B
P
,
L
o
GQ
-
C
SL
B
P
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es,
av
er
ag
e
o
f
m
a
g
n
it
u
d
e
d
if
f
er
e
n
ce
,
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
d
ev
iatio
n
,
co
r
r
elatio
n
co
ef
f
ic
ien
t,
L
ap
lacia
n
o
f
Gau
s
s
ia
n
i
s
u
s
ed
a
s
a
lo
ca
l
w
eig
h
t
f
ac
to
r
r
esp
ec
ti
v
el
y
[
2
4
-
2
7
]
.
A
ll
o
u
r
m
e
n
tio
n
ed
m
e
th
o
d
s
h
as
co
m
p
r
ess
ed
a
1
6
b
in
C
S
L
B
P
h
is
to
g
r
a
m
to
a
8
b
in
h
i
s
to
g
r
a
m
b
y
t
h
e
f
l
i
p
p
ed
d
if
f
er
en
ce
co
n
ce
p
t
[
2
8
]
.
W
ith
o
u
t
a
w
ei
g
h
t
f
ac
to
r
,
d
is
cr
i
m
i
n
atio
n
p
o
w
er
o
f
th
e
Q
-
C
S
L
B
P
is
less
d
esira
b
l
e.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
et
h
o
d
co
v
er
s
th
e
lo
ca
l
r
eg
io
n
o
f
s
ize
3
×3
b
y
u
s
i
n
g
t
w
o
h
i
s
to
g
r
a
m
,
ea
c
h
h
is
to
g
r
a
m
h
av
i
n
g
s
ize
o
f
a
4
b
in
,
o
n
e
h
i
s
to
g
r
a
m
co
v
er
s
t
w
o
p
air
s
(
o
p
p
o
s
ite)
an
d
o
th
er
o
n
e
w
ill
co
v
er
s
t
w
o
p
air
s
(
cr
o
s
s
d
iag
o
n
al)
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e
to
tal
b
in
s
o
f
f
ir
s
t
a
n
d
s
ec
o
n
d
h
is
to
g
r
a
m
ar
e
8
b
in
.
Oth
er
ad
v
an
ta
g
e
is
th
at,
u
n
i
f
o
r
m
q
u
an
tizat
io
n
w
ith
a
4
b
i
n
i
n
c
u
r
s
s
m
a
ll
lo
s
s
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
u
n
i
f
o
r
m
q
u
an
t
izatio
n
o
n
a
1
6
b
in
.
T
h
e
r
est
o
f
t
h
i
s
p
ap
er
is
o
r
g
an
ized
as
f
o
llo
w
s
:
Sectio
n
2
g
i
v
es
d
etail
ex
p
la
n
atio
n
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
o
d
i
f
ie
d
C
SL
B
P
h
as
h
i
n
g
m
et
h
o
d
.
Sectio
n
3
d
is
cu
s
s
es t
h
e
ex
p
er
i
m
e
n
tal
r
es
u
lts
a
n
d
an
a
l
y
s
i
s
.
W
e
d
ep
icts
o
u
r
co
n
clu
s
i
o
n
s
in
s
ec
tio
n
4
.
2.
P
RO
P
O
SE
D
M
E
T
H
O
D
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
e
th
o
d
is
d
esi
g
n
ed
f
o
r
g
r
a
y
s
ca
le
i
m
ag
e
s
wh
ich
ar
e
m
ain
l
y
c
h
ar
ac
ter
ized
b
y
te
x
tu
r
e
an
d
s
h
ap
e.
T
h
e
s
ize
o
f
an
in
p
u
t
i
m
ag
e
i
s
s
et
to
2
5
6
×
2
5
6
u
s
in
g
b
ilin
ea
r
in
ter
p
o
latio
n
.
T
h
is
is
d
o
n
e
f
o
r
th
e
e
x
p
er
i
m
e
n
tal
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
an
d
co
m
p
ar
ati
v
e
r
es
u
lt
an
a
l
y
s
is
.
I
n
p
r
e
-
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
s
tep
,
an
i
n
p
u
t
i
m
a
g
e
i
s
alter
ed
b
y
Gau
s
s
ia
n
f
ilter
.
Ga
u
s
s
ian
f
ilt
er
ed
in
p
u
t
i
m
a
g
e
i
s
r
o
b
u
s
t
f
o
r
co
n
ten
t
-
p
r
eser
v
i
n
g
m
a
n
ip
u
l
atio
n
as
w
ell
a
s
to
r
ed
u
ce
d
is
tu
r
b
an
ce
ca
u
s
ed
b
y
m
a
n
ip
u
latio
n
s
lik
e
n
o
is
e,
l
o
s
s
y
co
m
p
r
es
s
io
n
etc.
Fo
r
L
o
G
w
ei
g
h
t
f
ac
to
r
,
th
e
g
r
ad
ie
n
t i
m
ag
e
i
s
g
e
n
er
ate
d
f
r
o
m
an
i
n
p
u
t i
m
a
g
e.
Af
ter
p
r
e
-
p
r
o
ce
s
s
i
n
g
,
t
h
e
m
o
d
if
ied
C
S
L
B
P
is
ap
p
lied
o
n
an
en
tire
i
m
a
g
e.
Fo
r
t
h
e
m
o
d
i
f
ie
d
C
S
L
B
P
ca
lcu
latio
n
,
t
h
e
lo
ca
l
r
eg
io
n
s
i
ze
is
co
n
f
in
ed
to
3
×3
.
A
f
ter
m
o
d
i
f
ied
C
S
L
B
P
,
ea
ch
i
m
a
g
e
p
ix
el
is
r
ep
r
esen
ted
b
y
t
w
o
v
al
u
es
a
n
d
ar
e
in
th
e
r
an
g
e
f
r
o
m
0
-
3
.
First
v
al
u
e
is
g
en
er
ated
f
r
o
m
th
e
n
ea
r
est
n
ei
g
h
b
o
u
r
s
a
n
d
s
ec
o
n
d
o
n
e
is
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
d
iag
o
n
al
n
ei
g
h
b
o
u
r
s
.
Fo
r
a
ce
n
ter
p
ix
el
g
c
,
e
i
g
h
t
n
e
ig
h
b
o
u
r
s
ar
e
th
er
e
a
s
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
(
a)
.
Neig
h
b
o
u
r
s
ar
e
class
if
ied
as
th
e
n
ea
r
e
s
t
an
d
t
h
e
d
iag
o
n
a
l
n
ei
g
h
b
o
u
r
s
a
s
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
F
i
g
u
r
e
1
(
b
)
an
d
1
(
c)
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
(
a)
L
o
ca
l r
eg
io
n
ar
o
u
n
d
g
c
(
b
)
Nea
r
est n
eig
h
b
o
u
r
s
(
c)
Diag
o
n
al
n
ei
g
h
b
o
u
r
s
Fo
llo
w
i
n
g
(
1
)
an
d
(
2
)
r
ep
r
esen
ts
th
e
m
o
d
i
fi
ed
C
S
L
B
P
f
o
r
th
e
n
ea
r
est an
d
t
h
e
d
iag
o
n
al
n
ei
g
h
b
o
u
r
s
12
c
0
4
2
6
M
C
S
L
B
P
N
(g
)
s
(g
g
)
2
s
(g
g
)
2
(
1
)
12
c
1
5
3
7
M
C
S
L
B
P
D
(g
)
s
(g
g
)
2
s
(g
g
)
2
(
2
)
pP
p
(
)
4
p
p
(
P
4
)
(g
g
)
T
1
s
(g
g
)
0
o
t
h
e
r
w
i
s
e
(
3
)
w
h
er
e
T
is
n
o
n
-
n
e
g
ati
v
e
v
a
lu
e
to
ex
tr
ac
t
tex
t
u
r
e
f
o
r
an
u
n
ev
en
s
u
r
f
ac
e
;
g
c
is
ce
n
ter
p
ix
el
;
g
p
is
n
ei
g
h
b
o
u
r
s
o
f
ce
n
ter
p
ix
e
l
;
P
i
s
n
o
.
o
f
n
ei
g
h
b
o
u
r
s
f
o
r
ce
n
tr
e
p
ix
el
;
g
p
+
(P
/4)
is
s
i
g
n
f
u
n
ctio
n
o
f
MC
S
L
B
P
;
MCL
B
P
-
N
a
n
d
MC
L
B
P
-
D
ar
e
Mo
d
if
ied
C
SLB
P
f
o
r
n
ea
r
est
an
d
d
iag
o
n
al
n
eig
h
b
o
u
r
s
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
Mo
d
ified
C
S
LBP
(
V
a
r
s
h
a
P
a
til)
2953
T
h
e
p
ix
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v
alu
e
v
ar
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s
f
r
o
m
0
to
3
f
o
r
ea
ch
n
eig
h
b
o
u
r
in
th
e
m
o
d
if
ied
C
S
L
B
P
.
I
n
th
e
m
o
d
if
ied
C
S
L
B
P
,
lik
e
C
S
L
B
P
all
f
o
u
r
cr
o
s
s
-
s
y
m
m
etr
ic
p
air
s
ar
e
co
v
er
ed
.
B
u
t
u
n
li
k
e
t
h
e
C
S
L
B
P
,
all
p
air
s
ar
e
n
o
t
co
m
b
i
n
ed
in
o
n
e
h
is
to
g
r
a
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s
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0
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h
co
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w
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ei
g
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,
Stan
d
ar
d
d
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(
SD)
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lacia
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th
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h
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tiv
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1
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3
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g
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{
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(
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g
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9
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w
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er
e
SD
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n
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SD
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n
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ar
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Dev
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w
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h
t
f
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f
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est
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n
d
d
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al
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h
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r
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ti
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;
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i
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et
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ticu
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g
h
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b
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h
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m
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o
f
p
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m
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t
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a
n
g
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an
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s
t
h
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f
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e
d
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tio
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f
L
ap
lacia
n
fi
lter
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ap
p
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d
ir
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a
n
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y
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m
a
g
e,
th
e
r
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u
lt
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a
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e
i
m
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m
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to
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n
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it
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y
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n
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ze
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th
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i
m
a
g
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h
as a
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d
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h
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h
e
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ap
lacia
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o
f
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s
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n
fi
lter
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t
s
t
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tal
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s
ig
m
a(
σ
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h
as t
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,
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w
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s
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(
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3
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4
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(
1
6
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s
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e
s
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ld
.
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f
th
e
m
o
d
if
ied
C
S
L
B
P
h
is
to
g
r
a
m
is
co
n
s
tr
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cted
w
it
h
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t
w
ei
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t
f
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e
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d
is
cr
i
m
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o
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ic
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t
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u
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ate
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s
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co
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Un
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u
a
n
tizatio
n
is
ap
p
lied
s
ep
ar
ately
o
n
ea
c
h
h
i
s
to
g
r
a
m
to
g
en
er
ate
a
b
in
ar
y
h
a
s
h
.
I
n
u
n
i
f
o
r
m
q
u
an
tizat
io
n
,
t
h
e
s
tep
s
ize
b
et
w
ee
n
ad
j
ac
en
t
q
u
a
n
tized
lev
el
s
is
f
ix
ed
.
A
l
l
t
h
e
s
u
b
-
b
lo
ck
s
a
r
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
ed
in
t
h
i
s
m
an
n
er
an
d
q
u
a
n
tized
h
as
h
c
o
d
e
o
f
all
s
u
b
b
lo
ck
s
ar
e
co
n
ca
ten
ated
to
g
e
n
er
ate
th
e
f
i
n
a
l
h
as
h
o
f
t
h
e
i
m
a
g
e.
On
th
e
r
ec
ei
v
er
s
id
e,
b
in
ar
y
h
ash
ca
n
b
e
ef
f
icie
n
tl
y
co
m
p
ar
e
d
w
it
h
h
a
m
m
in
g
d
is
ta
n
ce
.
I
f
h
a
m
m
in
g
d
is
ta
n
ce
i
s
less
t
h
a
n
t
h
e
s
et
th
r
es
h
o
ld
,
t
h
en
it
i
s
co
n
te
n
t
-
p
r
eser
v
i
n
g
m
an
ip
u
latio
n
,
o
th
er
w
i
s
e
it
is
tr
ea
ted
as
co
n
te
n
t
-
ch
an
g
e
m
an
ip
u
latio
n
.
3.
E
XP
E
R
I
M
E
NT
A
L
RE
SUL
T
S
A
ND
A
NALY
SI
S
I
n
i
m
a
g
e
h
a
s
h
in
g
au
th
e
n
ticat
i
o
n
,
r
o
b
u
s
tn
es
s
to
co
n
te
n
t
-
p
r
es
er
v
in
g
an
d
s
e
n
s
iti
v
it
y
to
co
n
t
en
t
-
ch
a
n
g
e
ar
e
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
p
r
o
p
er
ties
to
b
e
ev
alu
ated
.
T
h
ese
t
w
o
p
r
o
p
er
t
ies
ar
e
ev
alu
a
ted
u
s
i
n
g
t
w
o
b
en
ch
m
ar
k
s
.
O
n
e
is
No
r
m
a
lized
h
a
m
m
i
n
g
d
is
ta
n
c
e
(
NHD)
an
d
o
t
h
er
is
R
ec
ei
v
er
Op
er
atin
g
C
h
ar
ac
ter
i
s
tics
(
R
OC
)
ar
e
u
s
ed
.
A
b
o
v
e
m
e
n
tio
n
ed
b
en
c
h
m
ar
k
s
ar
e
s
u
itab
le
f
o
r
b
in
ar
y
cla
s
s
i
fi
ca
tio
n
th
at
is
eit
h
er
au
t
h
e
n
ti
c
o
r
n
o
n
-
a
u
t
h
en
t
ic.
NHD
m
ea
s
u
r
es
h
o
w
m
u
c
h
c
h
an
g
e
h
ap
p
en
f
o
r
b
o
th
co
n
te
n
t
-
p
r
eser
v
i
n
g
an
d
co
n
te
n
t
-
c
h
a
n
g
e
o
p
er
atio
n
s
.
R
O
C
b
asicall
y
c
h
ec
k
s
d
is
cr
i
m
in
a
tio
n
ca
p
a
b
ilit
y
o
f
h
as
h
i
n
g
m
et
h
o
d
s
.
3
.
1
.
E
x
peri
m
e
nta
l
s
et
up
Fro
m
o
r
ig
i
n
al
d
atab
ase,
t
w
o
d
atab
ase
ar
e
cr
ea
ted
n
a
m
el
y
m
alicio
u
s
a
n
d
n
o
n
-
m
al
icio
u
s
.
F
o
r
an
al
y
s
is
p
u
r
p
o
s
e,
th
e
to
tal
3
6
im
a
g
es
a
r
e
tak
en
f
r
o
m
Ma
tlab
d
ir
ec
to
r
y
a
n
d
th
e
i
n
ter
n
et.
T
o
c
o
m
p
ar
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
w
it
h
o
th
er
m
et
h
o
d
s
,
all
i
m
ag
e
s
ar
e
s
et
to
u
n
i
f
o
r
m
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
s
ize
2
5
6
×2
5
6
.
Fo
r
ev
er
y
i
m
ag
e,
t
o
tal
6
1
attac
k
s
ar
e
ap
p
lied
as
s
p
ec
i
fi
ed
in
T
ab
le
1
.
So
m
e
o
f
t
h
e
attac
k
s
ar
e
co
n
ten
t
-
p
r
eser
v
in
g
w
h
ile
o
t
h
er
s
ar
e
co
n
ten
t
-
ch
a
n
g
e.
L
ast
co
lu
m
n
o
f
T
ab
le
1
s
p
ec
i
fi
cs
ac
r
o
n
y
m
s
f
o
r
v
ar
io
u
s
attac
k
s
.
T
ab
le
2
s
p
ec
i
fi
e
s
v
a
r
io
u
s
co
m
p
ar
ati
v
e
m
et
h
o
d
s
w
ith
t
h
eir
ac
r
o
n
y
m
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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1
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1
B
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a
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C
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2
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4
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6
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8
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0
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E
JP
EG
C
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F
a
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1
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3
0
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5
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7
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9
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F
G
a
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2
5
G
I
n
c
r
e
a
se
B
r
i
g
h
t
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ss
R
a
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e
o
f
a
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j
u
s
t
me
n
t
[
0
.
8
1
]
,
[
0
.
6
1
]
,
[
0
.
4
1
]
,
[
0
.
2
1
]
H
D
e
c
r
e
a
se
B
r
i
g
h
t
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ss
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a
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f
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j
u
s
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me
n
t
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0
0
.
6
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,
[
0
0
.
4
]
,
[
0
0
.
2
]
,
[
0
0
.
1
]
I
I
n
c
r
e
a
se
C
o
n
t
r
a
st
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a
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0
0
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8
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,
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.
6
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,
[
0
0
.
4
]
,
[
0
0
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2
]
J
D
e
c
r
e
a
se
C
o
n
t
r
a
st
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g
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o
f
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0
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[
0
.
6
1
]
,
[
0
.
4
1
]
,
[
0
.
2
1
]
K
T
ab
le
2.
Hash
in
g
m
et
h
o
d
s
w
it
h
th
eir
ac
r
y
o
n
y
m
H
a
sh
i
n
g
M
e
t
h
o
d
A
c
r
y
o
n
y
m
W
e
i
g
h
t
F
a
c
t
o
r
C
S
L
B
P
I
O
n
l
y
S
i
g
n
C
S
L
B
P
S
e
p
.
M
a
g
.
II
S
e
p
a
r
a
t
e
M
a
g
n
i
t
u
d
e
QC
-
S
L
B
P
III
O
n
l
y
S
i
g
n
AQ
-
C
S
L
B
P
IV
M
a
g
n
i
t
u
d
e
A
v
e
r
a
g
e
S
D
Q
-
C
S
L
B
P
V
S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
D
e
v
i
a
t
i
o
n
C
o
C
Q
-
C
S
L
B
P
VI
C
o
r
r
e
l
a
t
i
o
n
C
o
e
f
f
i
c
i
e
n
t
L
o
G
Q
-
C
S
L
B
P
V
I
I
L
a
p
l
a
c
i
a
n
o
f
G
a
u
ssi
a
n
P
r
o
p
o
se
d
M
o
d
i
f
i
e
d
C
S
L
B
P
V
I
I
I
S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
D
e
v
i
a
t
i
o
n
+
L
a
p
l
a
c
i
a
n
o
f
G
a
u
ssi
a
n
Fo
llo
w
i
n
g
p
ar
ag
r
ap
h
d
escr
ib
es
v
ar
io
u
s
p
ar
a
m
eter
u
s
ed
in
th
e
m
o
d
i
fi
ed
C
S
L
B
P
ca
lcu
latio
n
.
I
n
p
u
t
i
m
a
g
e
is
d
iv
id
ed
i
n
to
n
o
n
o
v
er
lap
p
in
g
s
u
b
-
b
lo
ck
s
o
f
s
ize
3
×3
i.e
.
R
=
1
a
n
d
P
=
8
w
h
ic
h
r
ep
r
esen
t
n
eig
h
b
o
u
r
ar
o
u
n
d
ce
n
ter
p
ix
el.
T
is
n
o
n
-
n
e
g
ati
v
e
th
r
es
h
o
ld
f
o
r
tex
tu
r
e
ex
tr
ac
tio
n
a
n
d
it
is
s
et
to
0
.
1.
T
h
e
g
r
ad
ien
t
i
m
a
g
e
(
G)
is
g
en
er
ated
b
y
ap
p
l
y
in
g
L
o
G
o
p
er
ato
r
o
n
in
p
u
t
i
m
ag
e.
Fo
r
L
o
G
o
p
er
ato
r
,
σ
is
0
.
9
.
Fo
r
th
e
h
i
s
to
g
r
a
m
g
en
er
atio
n
,
s
u
b
-
b
lo
ck
s
ize
i
s
s
et
to
3
2
×3
2
.
T
h
is
s
u
b
-
b
lo
ck
s
ize
g
i
v
es
g
o
o
d
b
alan
ce
b
et
w
ee
n
h
as
h
s
ize
a
n
d
d
is
cr
i
m
i
n
atio
n
ca
p
ab
ilit
y
.
3
.
2
.
P
er
ce
ptua
l r
o
bu
s
t
nes
s
t
est
P
er
ce
p
tu
al
r
o
b
u
s
tn
e
s
s
m
ea
s
u
r
e
in
d
icate
s
co
n
ten
t
p
r
eser
v
in
g
.
I
t
en
s
u
r
es
t
h
at
o
r
ig
i
n
al
i
m
ag
e
an
d
it
s
attac
k
ed
v
er
s
io
n
ar
e
v
is
u
al
l
y
s
i
m
ilar
.
I
t
ca
teg
o
r
izes
s
u
ch
t
y
p
e
o
f
m
o
d
if
ica
tio
n
as
n
o
n
-
m
alicio
u
s
o
p
er
atio
n
s
an
d
attac
k
ed
v
er
s
io
n
is
ac
ce
p
ted
as
au
th
e
n
tic
i
m
a
g
e.
T
o
c
h
ec
k
f
o
r
v
is
u
al
s
i
m
ilar
it
y
,
n
o
r
m
alize
d
h
a
m
m
in
g
d
is
tan
ce
is
u
s
ed
.
Ha
m
m
in
g
d
is
tan
ce
is
s
i
m
p
le
ex
-
o
r
o
p
er
a
tio
n
.
T
w
o
h
as
h
es,
o
n
e
f
r
o
m
o
r
i
g
in
al
i
m
ag
e
a
n
d
o
th
er
f
r
o
m
it
s
attac
k
ed
v
er
s
i
o
n
is
ex
-
o
r
ed
to
g
et
h
a
m
m
in
g
d
is
ta
n
ce
.
Ha
m
m
i
n
g
d
is
tan
c
e
is
n
o
r
m
alize
d
f
o
r
an
al
y
s
is
s
i
m
p
l
icit
y
.
T
h
e
th
r
e
s
h
o
ld
T
NHD
is
s
et
f
o
r
No
r
m
a
lized
Ha
m
m
in
g
Dis
tan
ce
(
N
HD)
.
Fo
r
au
th
en
tic
i
m
a
g
e,
NHD
b
et
w
ee
n
o
r
ig
i
n
al
i
m
a
g
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[1
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[2
]
K.
B.
A
d
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d
A
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A
.
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o
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n
d
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o
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El
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trica
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En
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[3
]
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.
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[4
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J.
X
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.
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[5
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Ka
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[6
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Ka
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[7
]
Y.
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a
o
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t
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l
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[8
]
G.
S
o
m
a
n
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e
t
a
l
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“
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Ba
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d
F
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D
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Us
in
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L
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F
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[9
]
L
.
S
.
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e
b
a
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t
a
l
.
,
“
Im
a
g
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s,
”
El
se
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J
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Pr
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0
]
L
.
I.
U.
Yu
li
n
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,
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t
a
l
.,
“
Ro
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m
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sh
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u
sin
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ra
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sfo
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in
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f
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s,
”
Ra
d
io
e
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
v
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l.
2
5
,
2
0
1
6
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
Mo
d
ified
C
S
LBP
(
V
a
r
s
h
a
P
a
til)
2959
[1
1
]
Y.
Q.
Lei,
e
t
a
l
.,
“
DC
T
-
d
o
m
a
in
g
lo
b
a
l
f
e
a
tu
re
a
n
d
DWT
-
d
o
m
a
in
lea
st
-
sq
u
a
re
s
li
n
e
f
it
ti
n
g
b
a
se
d
lo
c
a
l
f
e
a
tu
re
f
o
r
ro
b
u
st
im
a
g
e
h
a
sh
in
g
,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
In
n
o
v
a
t
ive
Co
mp
u
ti
n
g
,
In
fo
rm
a
ti
o
n
a
n
d
Co
n
tr
o
l
,
v
o
l
/i
ss
u
e
:
6
(
6
)
,
p
p
.
4
5
0
-
4
6
4
,
2
0
1
0
.
[1
2
]
A
.
Ne
e
li
m
a
a
n
d
K.
M
.
S
i
n
g
h
,
“
A
ro
b
u
st
im
a
g
e
h
a
sh
f
u
n
c
ti
o
n
b
a
se
d
o
n
c
o
lo
r
a
n
d
tex
tu
re
f
e
a
tu
re
s
o
f
th
e
im
a
g
e
,
”
Ad
v
a
n
c
e
d
Co
mp
u
ti
n
g
a
n
d
C
o
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
,
2
0
1
5
,
IS
ACC
2
0
1
5
,
I
n
t
e
rn
a
ti
o
n
a
l
S
y
mp
o
siu
m I
EE
E
,
p
p
.
2
3
8
-
2
4
3
,
2
0
1
5
.
[1
3
]
M
.
S
riv
a
sta
v
a
,
e
t
a
l
.,
“
Ro
b
u
st
ima
g
e
h
a
sh
in
g
b
a
se
d
o
n
sta
ti
stica
l
fe
a
tu
re
s
f
o
r
c
o
p
y
d
e
te
c
ti
o
n
,
”
El
e
c
trica
l,
Co
mp
u
te
r
a
n
d
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
2
0
1
6
.
UPCON
2
0
1
6
.
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
IEE
E
,
p
p
.
4
9
0
-
4
9
5
,
2
0
1
6
.
[1
4
]
S
.
P
r
u
n
g
sin
c
h
a
i,
e
t
a
l
.,
“
F
o
u
rier
-
M
e
ll
in
tra
n
sf
o
rm
f
o
r
ro
b
u
st
ima
g
e
h
a
sh
in
g
,
”
Eme
rg
in
g
S
e
c
u
rit
y
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
ies
,
2
0
1
3
.
ES
T
2
0
1
3
.
F
o
u
rt
h
I
n
ter
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
IEE
E
,
p
p
.
5
8
-
61
,
2
0
1
3
.
[1
5
]
X
.
C.
G
u
o
,
e
t
a
l
.,
“
Co
n
te
n
t
b
a
s
e
d
im
a
g
e
h
a
sh
in
g
v
ia
w
a
v
e
let
a
n
d
ra
d
o
n
tran
sf
o
rm
,
”
P
ro
c
e
e
d
in
g
s
o
f
S
p
rin
g
e
r
Pa
c
if
ic
-
Ri
m Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
M
u
lt
i
me
d
i
a
,
2
0
0
7
.
S
p
rin
g
e
r
,
p
p
.
7
5
5
-
7
6
4
,
2
0
0
7
.
[1
6
]
S
.
P
r
u
n
g
sin
c
h
a
i
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
A
DCT
s
ig
n
-
b
a
se
d
r
o
b
u
st
im
a
g
e
h
a
sh
in
g
,
”
P
ro
c
e
e
d
in
g
s
o
f
I
EE
E
Ei
g
h
ts
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
In
ter
n
e
t
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
a
n
d
S
e
c
u
re
d
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s,
2
0
1
3
.
ICIT
S
T
I
EE
E
,
p
p
.
4
0
1
-
4
0
5
,
2
0
1
3
.
[1
7
]
R.
S
u
n
,
e
t
a
l
.,
“
P
e
rc
e
p
tu
a
l
im
a
g
e
h
a
sh
in
g
m
e
th
o
d
u
si
n
g
c
o
n
t
o
u
rlet
h
m
t
m
o
d
e
l,
”
M
u
lt
ime
d
ia
I
n
fo
rm
a
t
io
n
Ne
two
rk
i
n
g
a
n
d
S
e
c
u
rity,
2
0
1
1
.
M
INES
2
0
1
1
.
T
h
ird
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
I
EE
E
,
p
p
.
2
9
2
-
2
9
6
,
2
0
1
1
.
[1
8
]
V
.
M
o
n
g
a
,
e
t
a
l
.,
“
Ro
b
u
st
a
n
d
se
c
u
re
im
a
g
e
h
a
sh
in
g
v
ia
n
o
n
-
n
e
g
a
ti
v
e
m
a
tri
x
f
a
c
to
riza
ti
o
n
s,
”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
In
fo
rm
a
t
io
n
F
o
re
n
sic
s a
n
d
S
e
c
u
rity
,
v
o
l
/i
ss
u
e
:
2
(
3
)
,
p
p
.
3
7
6
-
3
9
0
,
2
0
0
7
.
[1
9
]
Z.
T
a
n
g
,
e
t
a
l
.,
“
Ro
b
u
st
im
a
g
e
h
a
sh
in
g
f
o
r
ta
m
p
e
r
d
e
tec
ti
o
n
u
sin
g
n
o
n
-
n
e
g
a
ti
v
e
m
a
tri
x
f
a
c
to
riza
ti
o
n
,
”
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
Ub
iq
u
it
o
u
s Co
n
v
e
rg
e
n
c
e
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
v
o
l
/i
ss
u
e
:
2
(
1
)
,
p
p
.
1
8
-
2
6
,
2
0
0
8
.
[2
0
]
X
.
L
u
,
e
t
a
l
.,
“
P
e
rc
e
p
t
u
a
l
im
a
g
e
h
a
sh
in
g
b
a
se
d
o
n
sh
a
p
e
c
o
n
tex
ts
a
n
d
l
o
c
a
l
f
e
a
tu
re
p
o
in
ts,
”
I
EE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
In
fo
rm
a
t
io
n
F
o
re
n
sic
s a
n
d
S
e
c
u
rity
,
v
o
l
/i
ss
u
e
:
7
(
3
)
,
p
p
.
1
0
8
1
-
1
0
9
3
,
2
0
1
2
.
[2
1
]
C.
P
.
Ya
n
,
e
t
a
l
.,
“
A
d
a
p
ti
v
e
lo
c
a
l
f
e
a
tu
re
b
a
se
d
m
u
lt
i
-
sc
a
le
i
m
a
g
e
h
a
sh
in
g
f
o
r
ro
b
u
st
tam
p
e
rin
g
d
e
tec
ti
o
n
,
”
P
ro
c
e
e
d
in
g
s
o
f
2
0
1
5
T
e
n
t
h
IEE
E
Reg
io
n
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
,
2
0
1
5
,
T
ENCON I
EE
E
,
p
p
.
2
3
8
-
2
4
3
,
2
0
1
5
.
[2
2
]
T
.
Oja
la,
e
t
a
l
.,
“
M
u
lt
ires
o
lu
ti
o
n
g
ra
y
-
s
c
a
le
a
n
d
ro
tatio
n
in
v
a
rian
t
tex
tu
re
c
las
si
f
ic
a
t
io
n
w
it
h
lo
c
a
l
b
in
a
ry
p
a
tt
e
rn
s,
”
IEE
E
tra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
p
a
tt
e
rn
a
n
a
lys
is a
n
d
ma
c
h
i
n
e
in
telli
g
e
n
c
e
,
v
o
l.
2
4
,
2
0
0
2
.
[2
3
]
R.
Da
v
a
r
z
a
n
i,
e
t
a
l
.,
“
I
m
a
g
e
a
u
th
e
n
ti
c
a
ti
o
n
u
si
n
g
L
BP
-
b
a
se
d
p
e
rc
e
p
tu
a
l
im
a
g
e
h
a
sh
in
g
,
”
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
AI
a
n
d
Da
t
a
M
in
in
g
s
,
v
o
l.
3
,
2
0
1
5
.
[2
4
]
V
.
P
a
ti
l
a
n
d
T
.
S
a
ro
d
e
,
“
Im
a
g
e
h
a
sh
in
g
u
sin
g
A
Q
-
CS
L
B
P
w
it
h
d
o
u
b
le
b
it
q
u
a
n
ti
z
a
ti
o
n
,
”
Op
t
o
e
lec
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
Ima
g
e
Pro
c
e
ss
in
g
,
2
0
1
6
.
ICOI
P
2
0
1
6
.
I
n
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
IEE
E
,
p
p
.
3
0
-
34
,
2
0
1
6
.
[2
5
]
V
.
P
a
t
il
a
n
d
T
.
S
a
ro
d
e
,
“
Im
a
g
e
h
a
sh
in
g
b
y
S
DQ
-
CS
L
BP
,
”
A
d
v
a
n
c
e
s
in
C
o
mp
u
ti
n
g
,
C
o
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
a
n
d
In
fo
rm
a
t
ics
,
2
0
1
6
.
ICACCI
2
0
1
6
.
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
IEE
E
,
p
p
.
2
0
5
7
-
2
0
6
3
,
2
0
1
6
.
[2
6
]
V
.
P
a
t
il
a
n
d
T
.
S
a
ro
d
e
,
“
Im
a
g
e
h
a
sh
in
g
b
y
CCQ
-
CS
L
BP
,
”
El
e
c
trica
l
a
n
d
C
o
mp
u
ter
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
2
0
1
6
.
W
IECON
-
ECE
2
0
1
6
.
I
n
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
IEE
E
,
p
p
.
7
3
-
78
,
2
0
1
6
.
[2
7
]
V
.
P
a
ti
l
a
n
d
T
.
S
a
ro
d
e
,
“
Im
a
g
e
h
a
sh
in
g
b
y
L
o
G
-
QCSL
BP
,
”
Co
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
a
n
d
In
fo
rm
a
t
io
n
P
ro
c
e
ss
in
g
,
2
0
1
6
.
S
e
c
o
n
d
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
ACM
,
p
p
.
1
2
4
-
1
2
8
,
2
0
1
6
.
[2
8
]
J.
Ba
b
e
r,
e
t
a
l
.,
“
Q
-
CS
L
BP
:
c
o
m
p
re
ss
io
n
o
f
CS
L
BP
d
e
sc
rip
to
r,
”
M
u
lt
ime
d
ia
a
n
d
I
n
fo
rm
a
ti
o
n
Pro
c
e
ss
in
g
,
2
0
1
2
.
Pa
c
if
ic
-
Ri
m co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
S
p
ri
n
g
e
r
,
p
p
.
5
1
3
-
5
2
1
,
2
0
1
2
.
B
I
O
G
RAP
H
I
E
S
O
F
AUTH
O
RS
Va
r
s
h
a
Pa
til
h
a
s
re
c
e
iv
e
d
M
.
E.
(Co
m
p
u
ter
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
)
d
e
g
re
e
fro
m
M
u
m
b
a
i
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
in
2
0
0
7
,
p
u
rsu
i
n
g
P
h
.
D.
f
ro
m
M
u
m
b
a
i
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
,
IND
I
A
.
S
h
e
h
a
s
m
o
re
th
a
n
1
2
y
e
a
rs
o
f
e
x
p
e
rien
c
e
in
tea
c
h
in
g
.
Cu
rre
n
tl
y
w
o
r
k
in
g
a
s
A
ss
i
sta
n
t
P
r
o
f
e
ss
o
r
in
Co
m
p
u
ter
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
De
p
a
rtme
n
t
a
t
S
o
u
th
I
n
d
ian
G
ra
d
u
a
te
S
c
h
o
o
l
o
f
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
M
u
m
b
a
i.
S
h
e
is
L
if
e
m
e
m
b
e
r
(IS
T
E).
He
r
a
re
a
s
o
f
in
tere
st
a
r
e
I
m
a
g
e
P
ro
c
e
ss
in
g
,
S
ig
n
a
l
P
r
o
c
e
ss
in
g
a
n
d
Da
ta
M
in
in
g
,
M
a
c
h
in
e
L
e
a
rn
in
g
.
Dr
.
Ta
n
u
j
a
K
.
S
a
r
o
d
e
h
a
s
re
c
e
iv
e
d
M
.
E.
(Co
m
p
u
ter
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
)
d
e
g
re
e
f
ro
m
M
u
m
b
a
i
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
in
2
0
0
4
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