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(
I
J
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CE
)
Vo
l.
7
,
No
.
6
,
Dec
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b
er
201
7
,
p
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3
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2
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m
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Dep
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BER
[
1
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[
2
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(
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ate)
[
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d
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r
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r
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T
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[
3
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–
[
5
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.
A
s
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f
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s
tan
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ar
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s
[
6
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DVB
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2
[
7
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,
[
8
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h
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m
an
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s
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m
p
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[
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ased
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I
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Vo
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1
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l
t,
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
Fin
a
ll
y
,
Sec
tio
n
5
p
r
esen
ts
th
e
co
n
c
lu
s
io
n
.
2.
DVB
-
T2
2
.
1
.
Sy
s
t
e
m
O
v
er
v
iew
I
n
co
n
tr
ast
to
an
alo
g
b
r
o
ad
ca
s
tin
g
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
w
h
er
e
o
n
e
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
c
h
an
n
el,
as
w
id
e
as
8
MH
z
f
o
r
ex
a
m
p
le,
co
n
v
e
y
s
o
n
l
y
o
n
e
T
V
p
r
o
g
r
am
,
DVB
-
T
2
is
ca
p
ab
le
o
f
ca
r
r
y
i
n
g
s
e
v
er
al
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
s
in
an
eq
u
a
l
b
an
d
w
id
t
h
.
A
t
t
h
e
DVB
-
T
2
tr
an
s
m
itter
-
s
id
e,
s
e
v
er
al
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
s
ca
n
b
e
p
ac
k
ag
ed
in
to
a
p
h
y
s
ical
-
la
y
er
-
p
ip
e
(
P
L
P
)
.
E
v
en
,
in
a
m
u
lti
-
P
L
P
s
y
s
te
m
,
s
e
v
er
al
P
L
P
s
ar
e
p
ac
k
ag
ed
f
u
r
t
h
er
in
to
a
b
aseb
an
d
(
B
B
)
-
f
r
a
m
e
f
o
r
m
at.
Fin
all
y
,
t
h
is
f
o
r
m
a
t
is
tr
a
n
s
m
i
tted
u
s
i
n
g
OFDM
m
o
d
u
la
tio
n
,
w
h
er
e
a
s
tr
ea
m
(
s
eq
u
e
n
ce
)
o
f
b
its
o
r
s
y
m
b
o
ls
to
b
e
s
en
t
is
s
p
lit
in
to
s
e
v
er
al
s
u
b
-
s
tr
ea
m
s
,
ea
ch
o
f
w
h
ich
m
o
d
u
lates
a
d
ed
icate
d
s
u
b
-
ca
r
r
ier
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
,
d
if
f
er
en
t
f
r
o
m
th
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
o
f
o
th
er
s
u
b
-
c
ar
r
ier
s
.
A
t
e
v
er
y
s
y
m
b
o
l
d
u
r
atio
n
,
all
s
u
b
-
ca
r
r
ier
s
ar
e
o
r
th
o
g
o
n
al
to
ea
c
h
o
th
er
[
2
6
]
.
B
it
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
i
n
ea
c
h
P
L
P
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
FEC
(
f
o
r
w
ar
d
er
r
o
r
co
n
tr
o
l)
en
co
d
in
g
,
i
n
ter
lea
v
in
g
,
a
n
d
QA
M
(
q
u
ad
r
at
u
r
e
a
m
p
lit
u
d
e
m
o
d
u
latio
n
)
co
n
s
tellat
io
n
-
m
a
p
p
in
g
.
Sev
er
al
o
p
tio
n
s
p
r
o
v
id
ed
in
th
is
s
tag
e
ar
e
th
e
Q
AM
o
r
d
er
,
in
ter
lea
v
i
n
g
d
ep
th
,
an
d
FEC
co
d
i
n
g
r
ate.
Sev
er
al
o
p
tio
n
s
ar
e
al
s
o
a
v
ai
ab
le
in
th
e
OFD
M
s
tag
e,
in
v
o
l
v
in
g
f
a
s
t
Fo
u
r
ier
t
r
an
s
f
o
r
m
(
FF
T
)
s
ize
(
m
o
d
e)
,
g
u
ar
d
in
ter
v
al
(
GI
)
r
atio
,
an
d
p
ilo
t
p
atter
n
.
FECs
u
s
ed
ar
e
B
C
H
(
B
o
s
e
-
C
h
a
u
d
h
u
r
i
-
Ho
cq
u
en
g
h
e
m
)
a
n
d
L
DP
C
.
Fro
n
t
s
tag
e
in
t
h
e
r
ec
eiv
in
g
-
en
d
is
a
t
u
n
er
(
R
F
-
u
n
i
t)
co
n
v
er
ti
n
g
t
h
e
i
n
co
m
i
n
g
s
i
g
n
al
to
B
B
-
OFDM.
A
F
FT
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
at
th
e
n
e
x
t
s
ta
g
e
d
e
m
o
d
u
late
s
t
h
is
s
ig
n
al.
S
y
m
b
o
l
p
r
o
ce
s
s
i
n
g
i
n
clu
d
in
g
Q
A
M
-
d
ec
o
d
in
g
,
d
e
-
i
n
ter
leav
in
g
,
a
n
d
FE
C
d
ec
o
d
in
g
ca
r
r
y
i
n
g
-
o
u
t
a
f
ter
th
e
d
esire
d
P
L
P
i
s
e
x
tr
ac
ted
p
r
o
d
u
ce
s
th
e
o
r
ig
i
n
al
b
it
-
s
tr
ea
m
.
T
h
is
b
it
-
s
tr
ea
m
is
d
ec
o
d
ed
to
r
ec
o
v
er
th
e
v
id
eo
an
d
au
d
io
s
ig
n
als.
T
h
ese
s
i
g
n
als
ar
e
f
i
n
all
y
m
an
i
f
e
s
ted
to
th
e
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
p
ictu
r
e
an
d
s
o
u
n
d
o
u
tp
u
ts
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
2
.
2
.
Sig
na
l Q
ua
lity
Or
d
er
ed
f
r
o
m
th
e
ea
r
lies
t
s
ta
g
e
to
th
e
latest
o
n
e
at
th
e
r
ec
eiv
er
,
CNR
,
MER
,
an
d
BER
a
r
e
th
r
ee
o
f
q
u
an
tit
ies
d
e
s
cr
ib
in
g
t
h
e
s
ig
n
al
q
u
alit
y
,
r
esp
ec
ti
v
el
y
.
W
h
e
n
A
W
GN
(
ad
d
itiv
e
w
h
ite
Ga
u
s
s
ian
n
o
i
s
e)
is
t
h
e
o
n
l
y
i
m
p
a
ir
m
e
n
t
p
r
esen
t
s
,
th
e
n
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
s
a
m
o
n
g
t
h
ese
t
h
r
ee
q
u
an
titi
es
ar
e
co
n
s
is
ten
t,
w
h
er
e
th
e
h
i
g
h
er
th
e
f
ir
s
t
t
w
o
o
r
th
e
lo
w
er
th
e
last
o
n
e,
th
e
b
etter
th
e
s
ig
n
al.
O
n
th
e
o
th
er
h
an
d
,
w
h
e
n
a
m
u
l
ti
p
ath
f
ad
in
g
ex
i
s
ts
,
s
u
c
h
co
n
s
is
te
n
ce
i
s
p
r
o
b
ab
ly
v
io
lated
,
a
s
i
n
f
o
r
m
ed
b
y
a
p
r
ev
io
u
s
w
o
r
k
r
es
u
lt
[
1
8
]
.
A
r
e
ce
iv
er
is
ca
p
ab
le
o
f
esti
m
ati
n
g
(
co
m
p
u
t
in
g
)
t
h
o
s
e
q
u
an
tit
ies,
b
y
w
h
ic
h
th
e
m
eth
o
d
o
f
esti
m
at
io
n
ap
p
lied
a
f
f
ec
ts
it
s
ac
c
u
r
ac
y
.
A
s
an
illu
s
tr
atio
n
,
r
e
-
e
n
co
d
in
g
t
h
e
d
ec
o
d
er
o
u
tp
u
t
g
i
v
es
an
e
s
t
i
m
ated
d
elay
ed
v
er
s
io
n
o
f
i
ts
p
r
e
-
d
ec
o
d
e
d
b
it
-
s
tr
ea
m
,
an
d
co
m
p
ar
in
g
th
e
s
e
b
o
th
s
tr
ea
m
s
g
i
v
es
t
h
e
esti
m
ated
p
r
e
-
d
ec
o
d
ed
BER
.
CNR
,
w
h
ic
h
o
r
ig
i
n
all
y
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
at
t
h
e
R
F
(
r
ad
io
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
)
o
r
m
o
d
u
la
te
d
s
tag
e,
ca
n
b
e
e
s
ti
m
ated
f
r
o
m
th
e
S
N
R
at
th
e
B
B
s
tag
e,
b
ased
o
n
th
e
s
ca
tter
i
n
g
co
n
s
tellat
io
n
d
iag
r
a
m
[
2
7
]
.
3.
RE
S
E
ARCH
M
E
T
H
O
D
3
.
1
.
E
qu
i
p
m
e
nt
E
q
u
ip
m
e
n
t
in
v
o
led
in
th
i
s
r
esear
ch
is
illu
s
tr
ated
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
(
a)
.
I
t
m
ain
l
y
co
n
s
is
ted
o
f
an
an
te
n
n
a
an
d
a
co
n
s
u
m
er
-
t
y
p
e
d
i
g
ital
t
elev
is
io
n
(
DT
V)
r
ec
eiv
er
(
R
x
)
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
MO
r
ec
ep
tio
n
r
eq
u
ir
ed
an
a
n
ten
n
a
b
o
o
s
ter
an
d
a
v
id
eo
ca
m
er
a.
T
h
is
DT
V
p
r
o
d
u
ce
s
m
o
v
in
g
p
ictu
r
e
o
n
l
y
w
h
e
n
its
r
ec
ep
tio
n
is
s
u
cc
es
s
f
u
l
.
I
t
also
p
r
o
v
id
es
an
ad
d
itio
n
al
o
p
tio
n
o
f
d
is
p
la
y
i
n
g
s
e
v
er
al
s
y
s
te
m
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
ite
m
s
at
t
h
e
f
o
r
eg
r
o
u
n
d
,
w
h
er
e
th
e
b
ac
k
g
r
o
u
n
d
is
t
h
e
p
ict
u
r
e
it
s
elf
.
So
m
e
o
f
th
e
s
e
ite
m
s
ar
e
CNR
a
n
d
BER
,
b
y
w
h
ic
h
CNR
=
0
o
r
BER
=
1
in
d
icate
d
an
o
cc
u
r
r
en
ce
o
f
n
o
s
ig
n
al
d
etec
ted
o
r
er
r
o
n
eo
u
s
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
en
t.
C
N
R
,
p
r
e
-
L
DP
C
-
d
ec
o
d
in
g
B
E
R
(
f
u
r
t
h
er
n
o
tated
as
BER
A
)
,
p
o
s
t
-
L
DP
C
-
d
ec
o
d
in
g
BER
(
f
u
r
t
h
e
r
n
o
tated
as
BER
B
)
w
er
e
t
h
r
ee
q
u
an
tit
ies
,
a
s
w
e
ll
as th
e
r
ec
ep
tio
n
-
s
u
cc
es
s
,
in
v
e
s
tig
ated
in
t
h
i
s
r
esea
r
ch
.
3
.
2
.
SI
Rec
ept
io
n
Fig
u
r
e
1
(
b
)
illu
s
tr
ates
t
h
e
SI
r
ec
ep
tio
n
ex
p
er
i
m
en
t
i
n
clu
d
in
g
t
h
e
f
ield
-
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
en
t
a
n
d
v
i
s
u
al
-
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
w
o
r
k
s
.
A
n
te
n
n
a
w
a
s
p
lace
d
q
u
ite
clo
s
e
to
th
e
r
ec
eiv
er
.
I
n
a
r
ec
eiv
er
lo
ca
ti
o
n
,
an
te
n
n
a
p
o
s
itio
n
co
u
ld
b
e
s
y
s
te
m
atica
ll
y
s
h
i
f
te
d
in
to
x
,
y
,
an
d
z
d
ir
ec
tio
n
-
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
w
it
h
t
h
eir
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
s
h
i
f
t
in
g
-
s
tep
s
at
2
0
c
m
,
2
0
c
m
,
a
n
d
1
0
c
m
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
T
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
s
t
ep
s
in
cl
u
d
i
n
g
an
i
n
itial
p
o
s
iti
o
n
(
as
r
e
f
er
en
ce
)
i
n
th
ese
d
ir
ec
tio
n
-
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
i
n
clu
d
ed
th
r
ee
,
t
h
r
ee
,
an
d
f
i
v
e,
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
er
e
w
er
e
a
s
m
an
y
as
3
×
3
×
5
=
4
5
p
o
s
s
ib
le
a
n
ten
n
a
p
o
s
itio
n
s
in
a
lo
ca
tio
n
r
ec
eiv
er
.
A
t
ea
c
h
p
o
s
it
io
n
,
a
n
te
n
n
a
co
u
ld
al
s
o
b
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
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C
E
I
SS
N:
2
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8
8
-
8708
C
N
R
a
n
d
B
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R
R
a
n
g
es fo
r
th
e
DV
B
-
T2
R
ec
ep
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u
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(
B
u
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etiya
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t
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)
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n
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i
m
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ien
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an
g
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(
)
,
w
h
er
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it
w
as
s
e
t
to
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d
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r
ee
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ed
as
3
,
2
,
1
;
1
,
,
j
j
K
l
k
k
j
F
l
j
G
(
6
)
4.
RE
SU
L
T
4
.
1
.
Descript
io
n
As
an
ill
u
s
tr
atio
n
,
T
ab
le
1
lis
ts
ten
s
a
m
p
les
d
ata
s
h
o
w
i
n
g
th
at
a
f
ailed
r
ec
ep
tio
n
co
u
ld
o
cc
u
r
ev
en
at
a
h
i
g
h
er
CNR
o
r
a
lo
w
er
BER
r
ath
er
th
a
n
t
h
e
s
u
cc
e
s
s
f
u
l
o
n
e.
Fo
r
ex
a
m
p
le,
s
a
m
p
les
n
u
m
b
e
r
1
an
d
2
(
n
=
1
,
2
;
CNR
=
1
2
d
B
an
d
BER
A
=
2
.
7
2
×
1
0
2
)
w
er
e
f
ai
led
alth
o
u
g
h
th
eir
C
N
R
w
er
e
h
ig
h
er
o
r
th
ei
r
BER
A
w
er
e
lo
w
er
r
ath
er
th
a
n
s
a
m
p
le
s
n
u
m
b
er
5
,
6
,
an
d
7
(
n
=
5
,
6
,
7
;
CNR
=
1
1
d
B
<
1
2
d
B
an
d
BER
A
>
2
.
7
2
×
1
0
2
)
.
Sim
ilar
f
ac
ts
w
er
e
also
i
n
d
icate
d
b
y
t
h
e
BER
B
b
et
w
ee
n
n
=
1
,
2
(
BER
B
=
2
.
7
0
×
1
0
4
)
v
er
s
u
s
n
=
5
(
BER
B
=
9
×
1
0
4
>
2
.
7
0
×
1
0
4
)
o
r
b
et
w
ee
n
n
=
9
(
BER
B
=
1
.
2
0
×
1
0
4
)
v
er
s
u
s
n
=
6
,
7
(
BER
B
=
1
.
6
0
×
1
0
4
>
1
.
2
0
×
1
0
4
).
T
ab
le
1
.
A
n
ex
a
m
p
le
o
f
te
n
s
a
m
p
les d
ata
S
mp
l
(
n
)
R
e
c
e
p
t
i
o
n
1
:
su
c
c
e
ssf
u
l
0
:
f
a
i
l
e
d
CNR
(
d
B
)
BER
A
(
×
1
0
2
)
BER
B
(
×
1
0
4
)
S
mp
l
(
n
)
R
e
c
e
p
t
i
o
n
1
:
su
c
c
e
ssf
u
l
0
:
f
a
i
l
e
d
CNR
(
d
B
)
BER
A
(
×
1
0
2
)
BER
B
(
×
1
0
4
)
1
0
12
2
.
7
2
2
.
7
0
6
1
11
2
.
9
1
1
.
6
0
2
0
12
2
.
7
2
2
.
7
0
7
1
11
2
.
9
1
1
.
6
0
3
1
16
3
.
2
1
2
.
5
0
8
1
7
2
.
8
3
1
.
2
0
4
1
16
3
.
2
1
2
.
5
0
9
0
7
2
.
8
3
1
.
2
0
5
1
11
3
.
4
6
9
.
0
0
10
0
10
3
.
2
3
2
.
2
0
4
.
2
.
E
s
t
i
m
a
t
io
n
o
f
Ra
ng
es
T
h
e
co
m
p
lete
f
ield
-
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
o
b
tain
ed
5
4
0
s
a
m
p
les
at
a
r
ec
eiv
er
lo
ca
tio
n
a
n
d
2
8
1
0
s
am
p
les
f
r
o
m
t
w
o
tr
av
ell
in
g
r
o
u
te
-
s
e
g
m
en
t
s
in
th
e
SI
an
d
MO
r
ec
ep
tio
n
s
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
T
ab
le
2
lis
ts
a
p
ar
t
o
f
th
e
MO
r
ec
e
p
tio
n
d
ata,
s
o
r
ted
b
ased
u
p
o
n
th
e
C
N
R
.
T
a
b
le
3
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
s
u
m
m
ar
y
o
f
t
h
e
s
tati
s
tic
s
o
f
th
e
co
m
p
lete
r
es
u
lt
an
d
T
ab
le
4
lis
ts
s
e
v
er
al
g
r
ap
h
s
f
o
r
t
h
e
MO
r
es
u
lt
w
h
er
e
th
e
r
an
g
e
o
f
BER
B
>
3
.
2
×
1
0
4
w
a
s
p
u
n
ct
u
r
ed
f
r
o
m
th
e
g
r
ap
h
s
.
Fu
r
t
h
er
m
o
r
e,
in
t
h
e
g
r
ap
h
s
th
a
t
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
ed
to
th
e
s
i
g
n
ed
pdf
an
d
cu
m
u
lat
iv
e
o
f
th
e
s
i
g
n
ed
pdf
,
all
o
f
th
e
h
i
g
h
e
s
t
m
a
g
n
it
u
d
es
w
er
e
s
ca
led
(
n
o
r
m
a
lized
)
to
1
.
T
ab
le
2
.
A
p
ar
t o
f
th
e
MO
r
ec
ep
tio
n
d
ata,
s
o
r
t
ed
b
ased
u
p
o
n
th
e
C
N
R
(
j
=
1
)
k =
CNR
(
d
B
)
N
u
mb
e
r
o
f
U
sa
b
l
e
S
a
mp
l
e
s (
S
(
j
))
S
i
g
n
e
d
p
d
f
s
(
i
,
j
,
k
)
S
u
m
(
V
(
j
,
k
))
f
(
i
,
j
,
k
)
N
e
t
(
F
(
j
,
k
)
)
C
u
m
u
l
a
t
i
v
e
(
G
(
j
,
k
))
S
u
c
c
e
ssf
u
l
(
i
=
1
)
F
a
i
l
e
d
(
i
=
0
)
S
u
c
c
e
ssf
u
l
(
i
=
1
)
F
a
i
l
e
d
(
i
=
0
)
1
0
2
2
0
-
0
.
0
0
1
2
-
0
.
0
0
1
2
-
0
.
0
0
1
2
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
13
7
1
1
0
1
1
7
0
.
0
1
5
8
-
0
.
0
6
4
9
-
0
.
0
4
9
1
-
0
.
8
0
1
8
14
48
1
5
0
1
9
8
0
.
1
0
8
1
-
0
.
0
8
8
4
0
.
0
1
9
7
-
0
.
7
8
2
2
15
90
1
0
0
1
9
0
0
.
2
0
2
7
-
0
.
0
5
9
0
.
1
4
3
7
-
0
.
6
3
8
4
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
2
2
(
=
K
1
)
2
0
2
0
.
0
0
4
5
0
0
.
0
0
4
5
8E
-
17
4
4
4
(
=
U
(
1
,
1
))
1
6
9
6
(
=
U
(
0
,
1
))
2
1
4
0
(
=
S
(
1
)
)
T
ab
le
3
.
T
h
e
co
m
p
lete
r
esu
lt s
tatis
tic
s
s
u
m
m
ar
y
j
k
=
1
,
2
,
3
,
.
.
.
,
k
m
a
x
M
O
,
2
8
1
0
s
a
mp
l
e
s
S
I
,
5
4
0
sam
p
l
e
s
k
m
a
x
N
u
mb
e
r
o
f
U
sa
b
l
e
S
a
mp
l
e
s
k
m
a
x
N
u
mb
e
r
o
f
U
sa
b
l
e
S
a
mp
l
e
s
U
(
i
,
j
)
S
u
m
S
(
j
)
U
(
i
,
j
)
S
u
m
S
(
j
)
S
u
c
c
e
ssf
u
l
(
i
=
1
)
F
a
i
l
e
d
(
i
=
0
)
S
u
c
c
e
ssf
u
l
(
i
=
1
)
F
a
i
l
e
d
(
i
=
0
)
1
k
=
C
N
R
(
d
B
)
K
1
=
22
4
4
4
1
6
9
6
2
1
4
0
K
1
=
16
3
4
2
1
7
4
5
1
6
2
k
=
1
+
1
0
3
BER
A
K
2
=
93
4
4
0
1
0
5
1
1
4
9
1
K
2
=
1
7
1
3
4
2
37
3
7
9
3
k
=
1
+
1
0
5
BER
B
K
3
=
4
2
0
1
4
4
2
1
0
5
5
1
4
9
7
K
3
=
41
3
4
2
27
3
6
9
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
J
E
C
E
Vo
l.
7
,
No
.
6
,
Dec
em
b
er
2
0
1
7
:
3
727
–
3
734
3732
I
n
th
e
MO
r
ec
ep
tio
n
,
as
an
il
lu
s
tr
atio
n
,
a
s
o
r
tin
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
b
ased
o
n
th
e
C
N
R
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
4
4
4
u
s
ab
le
s
u
cc
e
s
s
f
u
l
s
a
m
p
les.
T
h
is
n
u
m
b
er
w
as
r
ed
u
ce
d
to
4
4
2
an
d
4
4
0
w
h
e
n
t
h
e
s
o
r
tin
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
w
er
e
r
ef
er
r
ed
to
th
e
BER
A
an
d
BER
B
d
u
e
to
t
h
e
eli
m
i
n
atio
n
o
f
t
w
o
an
d
f
o
u
r
s
a
m
p
les
t
h
at
h
ad
BER
=
1
in
th
o
s
e
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
q
u
an
tit
ies,
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
S
u
ch
r
ed
u
ctio
n
s
also
o
cc
u
r
r
ed
f
o
r
th
e
f
ailed
s
a
m
p
les
f
r
o
m
1
6
9
6
to
1
0
5
1
an
d
1
0
5
5
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
As
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
t
h
e
s
e
tab
les,
th
e
r
a
n
g
e
s
o
f
u
s
ab
le
s
a
m
p
les
w
er
e
1
≤
CNR
≤
2
2
,
0
≤
BER
A
≤
9
.
2
×
10
2
,
an
d
0
≤
BE
R
B
≤
4
.
2
0
1
×
1
0
2
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
p
r
esen
ts
s
e
v
er
al
g
r
ap
h
s
th
a
t
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
ed
to
th
e
SI
r
ec
ep
tio
n
.
T
h
e
g
r
ap
h
s
o
f
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
t
h
e
u
s
ab
le
s
a
m
p
le
s
in
T
ab
le
4
a
n
d
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
T
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
u
s
ab
l
e
s
a
m
p
les
(
s
(
i
,
j
,
k
)
,
V
(
j
,
k
))
o
b
tain
ed
in
t
h
e
SI
ex
p
er
i
m
en
t
,
s
o
r
ted
b
y
:
(
a)
CNR
,
(
b
)
BER
A
,
an
d
(
c)
B
E
R
B
Fig
u
r
e
3
s
h
o
w
s
th
a
t
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
th
e
u
s
ab
le
s
a
m
p
les
w
a
s
n
o
t
u
n
i
f
o
r
m
l
y
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
,
b
u
t
m
o
s
t
o
f
th
e
th
e
m
w
er
e
s
p
r
ea
d
at
th
e
m
i
d
d
le
-
r
an
g
e
s
o
f
t
h
e
C
N
R
an
d
BER
A
–
ap
p
r
o
x
im
at
in
g
t
h
e
b
ell
-
s
h
ap
ed
n
o
r
m
al
p
r
o
b
a
b
ilit
y
-
d
i
s
tr
ib
u
tio
n
–
an
d
w
er
e
co
n
ce
n
tr
ated
o
n
l
y
at
th
e
ed
g
e
-
r
an
g
e
s
o
f
t
h
e
BER
B
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
L
DP
C
-
d
ec
o
d
in
g
co
u
ld
s
i
m
p
l
y
b
e
v
ie
w
ed
as
a
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
s
p
litt
in
g
t
h
e
w
id
el
y
s
p
r
ea
d
BER
A
s
a
m
p
les
in
to
t
w
o
co
n
ce
n
tr
ated
g
r
o
u
p
s
,
w
h
er
e
t
h
e
s
u
cc
e
s
s
f
u
l
a
n
d
f
ailed
s
a
m
p
le
s
w
er
e
co
n
ce
n
tr
ated
ar
o
u
n
d
a
v
er
y
lo
w
an
d
v
er
y
h
ig
h
BER
B
v
al
u
e
s
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
As
a
r
es
u
lt,
th
e
b
o
u
n
d
ar
y
(
B
)
o
f
BER
B
d
i
s
ti
n
g
u
is
h
in
g
t
h
e
s
u
cc
es
s
f
u
l
r
ec
ep
tio
n
s
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
f
ailed
o
n
e
s
co
u
ld
b
e
p
r
o
m
i
n
e
n
tl
y
d
eter
m
i
n
ed
.
Gr
ap
h
#
1
3
s
h
o
w
s
th
at
it
co
u
ld
b
e
f
lex
ib
l
y
s
h
i
f
ted
f
r
o
m
1
0
5
to
2
.
7
×
1
0
4
,
ap
p
r
o
x
i
m
atel
y
.
T
ab
le
4
.
Sev
er
al
g
r
ap
h
s
d
escr
i
b
in
g
t
h
e
s
tat
is
tical
c
h
ar
ac
ter
is
t
ics o
f
th
e
M
O
u
s
ab
le
s
a
m
p
le
s
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
E
C
E
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
C
N
R
a
n
d
B
E
R
R
a
n
g
es fo
r
th
e
DV
B
-
T2
R
ec
ep
tio
n
S
u
cc
ess
(
B
u
d
i S
etiya
n
t
o
)
3733
Gr
ap
h
#
2
1
s
h
o
w
s
th
at
t
h
e
b
o
u
n
d
ar
y
th
at
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
ed
to
th
e
CNR
ap
p
r
o
x
i
m
ated
1
4
d
B
.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
a
g
r
ad
u
al
(
n
o
t
an
ab
r
u
p
t)
ch
a
n
g
e
o
f
th
e
cu
r
v
e
ar
o
u
n
d
th
i
s
b
o
u
n
d
ar
y
in
d
icate
s
th
at
it
w
a
s
n
o
t
as
p
r
o
m
i
n
en
t
a
s
th
e
o
n
e
esti
m
ated
f
r
o
m
th
e
BER
B
.
T
h
e
b
o
u
n
d
ar
y
e
s
ti
m
ated
b
ase
d
o
n
th
e
BER
A
w
as
a
m
b
i
g
u
o
u
s
o
r
co
n
f
u
s
in
g
d
u
e
to
th
e
alter
n
ati
n
g
r
an
g
e
s
g
iv
i
n
g
th
e
s
u
cc
e
s
s
f
u
l
an
d
f
ai
led
r
ec
ep
tio
n
s
,
as
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Gr
ap
h
#
3
2
.
Dec
id
in
g
B
1
1
.
8
×
1
0
2
as
th
e
u
p
p
er
b
o
u
n
d
o
f
s
u
cc
es
s
f
u
l
r
ec
ep
tio
n
w
as
n
o
t
s
u
p
p
o
r
ted
b
y
e
n
o
u
g
h
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
s
a
m
p
le
s
,
a
n
d
th
er
ef
o
r
e
B
3
5
.
5
×
1
0
2
m
ig
h
t b
e
m
o
r
e
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iate
r
ath
er
th
an
it.
Fig
u
r
e
4
r
ep
r
esen
t
s
s
ev
er
al
g
r
ap
h
s
co
m
p
ar
i
n
g
t
h
e
SI
a
n
d
M
O
r
ec
ep
tio
n
r
es
u
lts
,
w
h
er
e
B
SI
an
d
B
MO
w
er
e
th
e
b
o
u
n
d
ar
ies
th
a
t
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
ed
to
th
e
SI
an
d
MO
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
Fig
u
r
e
4
(
b
)
s
h
o
w
s
th
at
t
h
e
BER
A
-
b
ased
B
SI
co
u
ld
b
e
u
n
iq
u
e
l
y
esti
m
ated
,
in
d
ee
d
,
a
n
d
its
p
r
o
m
i
n
e
n
ce
w
a
s
co
m
p
ar
ab
le
t
o
th
at
o
f
t
h
e
C
N
R
.
A
lter
n
ati
n
g
c
u
r
v
e
t
h
at
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
ed
to
th
e
M
O
BER
A
(
Gr
ap
h
#
3
2
)
m
a
y
al
s
o
in
d
icate
th
e
s
ev
er
it
y
o
f
th
e
b
u
r
s
t
er
r
o
r
d
u
e
to
th
e
d
ee
p
f
ad
in
g
i
n
m
o
b
ile
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t.
B
MO
>
B
SI
a
n
d
B
MO
<
B
SI
r
esp
ec
ti
v
el
y
d
eter
m
i
n
ed
b
ased
o
n
th
e
C
N
R
an
d
BER
(
BER
A
an
d
BER
B
)
in
d
icate
d
th
at
t
h
e
q
u
alit
y
o
f
th
e
r
ec
ei
v
ed
s
ig
n
al
r
eq
u
ir
ed
b
y
th
e
M
O
r
ec
ep
tio
n
w
as
h
ig
h
er
th
a
n
th
at
o
f
b
y
th
e
SI
o
n
e.
I
t
w
a
s
r
ea
s
o
n
ab
le
b
y
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
th
e
co
n
s
eq
u
en
ce
o
f
n
o
t
o
n
l
y
th
e
r
ec
ei
v
er
m
o
b
ilit
y
,
b
u
t
als
o
th
e
Q
A
M
-
o
r
d
er
.
A
s
e
x
p
lai
n
ed
b
ef
o
r
e,
t
h
e
o
r
d
er
o
f
Q
AM
u
s
ed
b
y
th
e
T
V
ch
an
n
el
s
o
b
s
er
v
ed
in
t
h
e
MO
r
ec
ep
tio
n
ex
p
er
i
m
e
n
t
(
6
4
-
Q
A
M)
w
a
s
h
i
g
h
er
th
a
n
th
a
t
o
f
in
th
e
SI
o
n
e
(
1
6
-
QA
M)
.
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
T
h
e
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
o
f
s
ev
er
al
s
tati
s
tics
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
S
I
an
d
MO
ex
p
er
i
m
e
n
t r
esu
lts
:
(
a)
CNR
-
s
o
r
ted
F(j
,
k
)
,
(
b
)
B
E
R
A
-
s
o
r
ted
G(
j
,
k
)
,
an
d
(
c)
B
E
R
B
-
s
o
r
ted
G(
j
,
k
)
5.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
e
r
ec
ep
tio
n
-
s
u
cc
e
s
s
o
f
a
D
VB
-
T
2
r
ec
eiv
er
is
d
ep
en
d
en
t
u
p
o
n
th
e
q
u
al
it
y
o
f
th
e
r
ec
eiv
ed
s
ig
n
al
.
CNR
a
n
d
BER
ar
e
t
w
o
o
f
q
u
an
tit
ies
r
ep
r
ese
n
ti
n
g
th
e
q
u
alit
y
.
I
n
a
m
u
l
tip
ath
-
f
ad
ed
r
ad
io
ch
an
n
e
l,
t
h
e
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
s
o
f
r
ec
ep
tio
n
-
s
u
c
ce
s
s
to
C
N
R
an
d
BER
ar
e
p
r
o
b
ab
ilis
tic.
T
h
e
r
esu
lt
i
n
d
icate
d
th
at
t
h
e
s
u
cc
es
s
f
u
l
an
d
f
ai
led
r
ec
ep
tio
n
s
w
er
e
s
p
lit
in
to
t
w
o
q
u
ite
s
ep
ar
ated
(
co
n
ce
n
tr
ated
)
r
an
g
e
s
o
f
th
e
p
o
s
t
-
d
ec
o
d
ed
BER
;
th
er
ef
o
r
e,
a
b
o
u
n
d
ar
y
d
is
tin
g
u
is
h
i
n
g
t
h
e
m
co
u
ld
b
e
p
r
o
m
i
n
en
t
l
y
d
ef
i
n
ed
.
I
n
co
n
tr
ast,
th
e
y
w
er
e
s
p
r
ea
d
in
a
w
id
e
co
m
m
o
n
r
a
n
g
e
o
f
t
h
e
C
N
R
an
d
p
r
e
-
d
ec
o
d
ed
BER
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
th
e
b
o
u
n
d
ar
y
t
h
at
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
ed
t
o
th
is
last
q
u
a
n
tit
y
w
as
a
m
b
ig
u
o
u
s
.
I
n
th
e
ca
s
e
o
f
MO
r
ec
ep
tio
n
,
as
th
e
n
u
m
er
ical
e
x
a
m
p
le
s
,
th
o
s
e
t
w
o
s
p
lit
r
a
n
g
e
s
o
f
th
e
p
o
s
t
-
d
ec
o
d
ed
BER
w
er
e
less
th
a
n
ab
o
u
t
1
0
5
an
d
m
o
r
e
th
an
ab
o
u
t
2
.
7
×
1
0
4
f
o
r
th
e
s
u
cc
e
s
s
f
u
l
an
d
f
ailed
r
ec
ep
tio
n
s
,
r
e
s
p
ec
tiv
el
y
,
w
h
er
ea
s
CNR
a
s
h
i
g
h
a
s
ab
o
u
t
1
4
d
B
co
u
ld
b
e
v
ie
w
ed
a
s
a
s
o
f
t
b
o
u
n
d
ar
y
d
is
tin
g
u
is
h
i
n
g
t
h
ese
b
o
th
r
ec
e
p
tio
n
-
s
u
cc
e
s
s
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
ACK
NO
W
L
E
D
G
M
E
NT
T
h
e
au
th
o
r
s
w
o
u
ld
lik
e
to
t
h
an
k
t
h
e
Min
i
s
tr
y
o
f
R
esear
ch
,
T
ec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
an
d
Hi
g
h
er
E
d
u
ca
tio
n
,
R
ep
u
b
lic
o
f
I
n
d
o
n
es
ia,
f
o
r
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
p
ar
t
o
f
t
h
e
f
in
a
n
cia
l
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
f
o
r
th
e
r
esear
ch
,
w
h
ic
h
lead
s
to
t
h
i
s
p
u
b
licatio
n
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
th
e
a
u
th
o
r
s
w
o
u
l
d
li
k
e
to
ac
k
n
o
w
l
ed
g
e
t
h
e
s
u
p
p
o
r
ts
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
s
t
af
f
s
a
n
d
lab
o
r
ato
r
y
ass
is
tan
t
s
o
f
Hi
g
h
Fre
q
u
en
c
y
S
y
s
te
m
L
ab
o
r
ato
r
y
,
Dep
ar
tm
en
t
o
f
E
lectr
ical
E
n
g
i
n
ee
r
in
g
a
n
d
I
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
T
ec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
U
n
iv
er
s
itas
Gad
j
ah
Ma
d
a,
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
lab
o
r
ato
r
y
ex
p
er
i
m
en
t
s
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
H.
Zh
a
n
g
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
P
e
rf
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
A
n
a
l
y
sis
o
f
Di
ff
e
re
n
t
M
o
d
u
lati
o
n
T
e
c
h
n
i
q
u
e
s
f
o
r
F
re
e
-
S
p
a
c
e
Op
ti
c
a
l
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
S
y
ste
m
,
”
T
EL
KOM
NIKA
,
v
o
l
/i
ss
u
e
:
13
(
3
)
,
p
p
.
8
8
0
–
8
8
8
,
2
0
1
5
.
[2
]
F
.
Kh
a
ir,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
P
e
rf
o
rm
a
n
c
e
A
n
a
l
y
sis
o
f
Di
g
it
a
l
M
o
d
u
latio
n
f
o
r
Co
h
e
re
n
t
De
tec
ti
o
n
o
f
OFDM
S
c
h
e
m
e
o
n
Ra
d
i
o
o
v
e
r
F
ib
e
r
S
y
ste
m
,
”
In
t.
J
.
El
e
c
tr.
Co
mp
u
t.
E
n
g
.
,
v
o
l
/
issu
e
:
6
(
3
)
,
p
p
.
1
0
8
6
–
1
0
9
5
,
2
0
1
6
.
[3
]
R.
In
stru
m
e
n
t,
“
Un
d
e
rsta
n
d
i
n
g
Dig
it
a
l
T
V
,”
2
0
1
5
.
[4
]
“
Ge
o
rg
ia S
e
t
T
o
p
Bo
x
S
p
e
c
if
ica
ti
o
n
,
”
2
0
1
4
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
J
E
C
E
Vo
l.
7
,
No
.
6
,
Dec
em
b
er
2
0
1
7
:
3
727
–
3
734
3734
[5
]
E.
Ha
ry
a
t
m
i,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
T
h
e
De
sig
n
a
n
d
P
e
rf
o
rm
a
n
c
e
A
n
a
l
y
sis
o
f
D
T
M
B
S
y
ste
m
,
”
T
EL
KOM
NIKA
,
v
o
l
/i
ss
u
e
:
14
(
3
)
,
p
p
.
8
7
3
,
2
0
1
6
.
[6
]
M
.
El
-
Ha
jj
a
r
a
n
d
L
.
Ha
n
z
o
,
“
A
S
u
rv
e
y
o
f
Dig
it
a
l
T
e
le
v
isio
n
Bro
a
d
c
a
st
T
ra
n
s
m
i
ss
io
n
T
e
c
h
n
iq
u
e
s
,
”
IEE
E
Co
mm
u
n
.
S
u
rv
.
T
u
to
ri
a
ls
,
v
o
l
/i
ss
u
e
:
15
(
4
)
,
p
p
.
1
9
2
4
–
1
9
4
9
,
2
0
1
3
.
[7
]
I.
Ei
z
m
e
n
d
i,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
DV
B
-
T
2
:
T
h
e
S
e
c
o
n
d
G
e
n
e
ra
ti
o
n
o
f
T
e
rr
e
st
rial
Dig
it
a
l
V
id
e
o
Bro
a
d
c
a
stin
g
S
y
st
e
m
,
”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s.
Bro
a
d
c
a
st.
,
v
o
l
/i
ss
u
e
:
60
(
2
)
,
p
p
.
2
5
8
–
2
7
1
,
2
0
1
4
.
[8
]
Y.
J.
W
o
o
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
De
sig
n
a
n
d
Re
a
li
z
a
ti
o
n
o
f
M
u
lt
i
p
lex
in
g
S
y
st
e
m
f
o
r
F
ix
e
d
/M
o
b
il
e
Ne
x
t
-
G
e
n
e
r
a
ti
o
n
Bro
a
d
c
a
stin
g
Se
rv
ice
in
Ne
tw
o
rk
F
re
e
En
v
iro
n
m
e
n
t,
”
In
t.
J
.
El
e
c
tr.
Co
m
p
u
t
.
En
g
.
,
v
o
l
/i
ss
u
e
:
5
(
3
)
,
p
p
.
5
3
1
–
5
3
8
,
2
0
1
5
.
[9
]
M
.
J.,
e
t
a
l
.,
“
DV
B
-
T
2
M
IS
O/
S
IS
O
Re
c
e
iv
e
r
P
e
rf
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
L
i
m
it
s
in
S
in
g
le
F
re
q
u
e
n
c
y
N
e
t
wo
rk
s:
P
ra
c
ti
c
a
l
Re
su
lt
s
,
”
in
IE
EE
I
n
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
S
y
mp
o
siu
m
o
n
Bro
a
d
b
a
n
d
M
u
lt
ime
d
ia
S
y
ste
ms
a
n
d
Bro
a
d
c
a
stin
g
(
BM
S
B)
,
2
0
1
3
.
[1
0
]
C.
L
i,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
P
lan
n
in
g
L
a
rg
e
S
in
g
le F
re
q
u
e
n
c
y
Ne
t
w
o
rk
s
f
o
r
DV
B
-
T
2
,
”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s.
Br
o
a
d
c
a
st.
,
2
0
1
5
.
[1
1
]
M
.
M
.
A
n
is,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
A
n
a
l
y
z
in
g
th
e
Co
v
e
ra
g
e
o
f
th
e
S
in
g
le
F
re
q
u
e
n
c
y
Bro
a
d
c
a
st
Ne
t
w
o
rk
f
o
r
H
a
n
d
h
e
ld
Re
c
e
iv
e
rs
,
”
in
T
h
e
1
0
th
An
n
u
a
l
IE
EE
CCNC
-
W
o
rk
-
in
-
Pro
g
re
ss
,
p
p
.
6
8
9
–
6
9
2
,
2
0
1
3
.
[1
2
]
K.
S
a
leh
ian
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
On
-
Ch
a
n
n
e
l
Re
p
e
a
ter
f
o
r
Di
g
it
a
l
T
e
le
v
isio
n
Bro
a
d
c
a
stin
g
S
e
rv
ice
,
”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s.
Bro
a
d
c
a
st.
,
v
o
l
/i
ss
u
e
:
48
(
2
)
,
p
p
.
9
7
–
1
0
2
,
2
0
0
2
.
[1
3
]
A
.
S
.
E
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
“
T
h
e
f
e
a
sib
il
it
y
o
f
DV
B
-
T
o
n
-
c
h
a
n
n
e
l
re
p
e
a
ters
f
o
r
c
o
v
e
ra
g
e
re
p
a
ir
o
n
C
h
a
n
n
e
l
6
0
,
”
2
0
0
9
.
[1
4
]
C.
A
k
a
m
in
e
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
F
ield
T
rial
f
o
r
Bra
z
i
li
a
n
D
TV
Us
in
g
S
p
a
c
e
Div
e
rsit
y
,
”
in
IEE
E
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
S
y
mp
o
si
u
m
o
n
Bro
a
d
b
a
n
d
M
u
lt
ime
d
i
a
S
y
ste
ms
a
n
d
Br
o
a
d
c
a
sti
n
g
(
BM
S
B)
,
p
p
.
1
–
11
,
2
0
1
0
.
[1
5
]
J.
L
.
S
á
n
c
h
e
z
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
On
th
e
P
ro
v
isio
n
i
n
g
o
f
M
o
b
il
e
Dig
it
a
l
Terre
strial
T
V
S
e
rv
ic
e
s
to
V
e
h
icle
s
w
it
h
DV
B
-
T
,
”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s.
Br
o
a
d
c
a
st
.
,
v
o
l
/i
ss
u
e
:
58
(
4
)
,
p
p
.
6
4
2
–
6
4
7
,
2
0
1
2
.
[1
6
]
M
.
S
li
m
a
n
i,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
Re
su
lt
s o
f
th
e
DV
B
-
T
2
F
ield
T
rial
in
G
e
r
m
a
n
y
,
”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s.
Bro
a
d
c
a
st
.
,
v
o
l.
6
1
,
p
p
.
1
7
7
–
1
9
4
,
2
0
1
5
.
[1
7
]
F
.
A
.
Co
n
trera
s,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
DV
B
-
T
2
F
ield
T
rials
Re
su
lt
s
f
o
r
P
o
rtab
le
In
d
o
o
r
Re
c
e
p
ti
o
n
i
n
Co
lo
m
b
ia
,”
in
IEE
E
L
a
ti
n
Ame
ric
a
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
Co
mm
u
n
i
c
a
ti
o
n
s (
L
AT
INCOM
)
,
p
p
.
1
–
5
,
2
0
1
4
.
[1
8
]
B.
S
e
ti
y
a
n
to
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
Id
e
n
ti
f
ik
a
si
P
e
n
g
a
ru
h
L
in
tas
a
n
-
Ja
m
a
k
p
a
d
a
DV
B
-
T2
Be
rd
a
sa
r
Uji
P
e
n
e
rim
a
a
n
S
iara
n
,
”
J
NT
ET
I
,
v
o
l
/i
ss
u
e
:
5
(
2
)
,
p
p
.
8
3
–
9
2
,
2
0
1
6
.
[1
9
]
C.
Re
g
u
e
iro
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
F
ield
T
ri
a
ls
-
Ba
se
d
P
lan
n
in
g
P
a
ra
m
e
t
e
rs
f
o
r
DV
B
-
T
2
In
d
o
o
r
Re
c
e
p
ti
o
n
,
”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s.
Bro
a
d
c
a
st
.
,
v
o
l.
6
1
,
p
p
.
2
5
1
–
2
6
2
,
2
0
1
5
.
[2
0
]
B.
S
e
ti
y
a
n
to
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
S
p
a
ti
a
l
-
V
a
riatio
n
o
f
DV
B
-
T
2
S
ig
n
a
l
a
t
t
h
e
Re
c
e
iv
e
r
-
L
o
c
a
ti
o
n
,
”
i
n
T
h
e
6
t
h
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
An
n
u
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
S
e
min
a
r (
In
AE
S
2
0
1
6
)
,
p
p
.
2
2
1
–
2
2
6
,
2
0
1
6
.
[2
1
]
B.
S
e
ti
y
a
n
to
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
P
r
o
b
a
b
il
isti
c
-
Re
latio
n
sh
i
p
s
in
th
e
D
V
B
-
T
2
M
o
b
i
l
e
-
Re
c
e
p
ti
o
n
S
ig
n
a
l
Re
c
e
iv
e
d
f
ro
m
a
F
ix
-
Re
c
e
p
ti
o
n
M
o
d
e
Bro
a
d
c
a
stin
g
S
e
rv
ice
,
”
in
T
h
e
6
th
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
An
n
u
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
S
e
min
a
r
(
I
n
AE
S
2
0
1
6
)
,
p
p
.
177
–
1
8
2
,
2
0
1
6
.
[2
2
]
T
.
S
.
Ra
p
p
a
p
o
rt,
“
W
irele
ss
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s:
P
ri
n
c
ip
les
a
n
d
P
ra
c
t
ice
s
,”
Ne
w
Je
rs
e
y
,
P
re
n
ti
c
e
-
Ha
ll
,
In
c
.
,
1
9
9
3
.
[2
3
]
S
.
Ha
y
k
in
a
n
d
M
.
M
o
h
e
r,
“
M
o
d
e
rn
W
irele
ss
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
,”
Ne
w
Je
r
se
y
,
P
e
a
rso
n
E
d
u
c
a
ti
o
n
I
n
c
.
,
2
0
0
5
.
[2
4
]
N.
M
a
d
h
u
,
“
No
te o
n
M
e
a
su
re
s f
o
r
S
p
e
c
tral
F
lat
n
e
ss
,
”
IET
J
o
u
rn
a
ls
M
a
g
.
,
v
o
l
/i
ss
u
e
:
45
(
23
)
,
p
p
.
1
1
9
5
–
1
1
9
6
,
2
0
0
9
.
[2
5
]
“
No
rDig
Un
if
ied
Tes
t
P
lan
f
o
r
I
n
teg
ra
ted
Re
c
e
i
v
e
r
De
c
o
d
e
rs
f
o
r
u
se
in
c
a
b
le,
sa
t
e
ll
it
e
,
terre
stria
l
a
n
d
IP
-
b
a
se
d
n
e
tw
o
rk
s,
v
e
r.
2
.
4
.
,
”
2
0
1
3
.
[2
6
]
H.
S
c
h
u
lze
a
n
d
C.
L
u
d
e
rs,
“
T
h
e
o
ry
a
n
d
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
o
f
OFDM
a
n
d
CDMA
W
id
e
b
a
n
d
W
irele
ss
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
,”
Ch
icg
h
e
ste
r
,
Jo
h
n
W
il
e
y
&
S
o
n
s
L
td
.
,
2
0
0
5
.
[2
7
]
ET
S
I,
“
Dig
it
a
l
V
id
e
o
Bro
a
d
c
a
sti
n
g
M
e
a
su
re
m
e
n
t
G
u
id
e
li
n
e
s f
o
r
D
V
B
S
y
ste
m
s,
T
R
1
0
1
2
9
0
-
V1
.
2
.
1
,
”
2
0
0
1
.
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