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Vo
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5
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r
2
0
1
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2
7
38
~
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745
I
SS
N:
2088
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8708
,
DOI
: 1
0
.
1
1
5
9
1
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.
v
7
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5
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pp
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7
3
8
-
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745
2738
J
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co
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C
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esp
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In
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Al
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rig
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C
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p
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A
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:
Su
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ar
j
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B
in
a
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s
an
tar
a
U
n
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v
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s
it
y
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J
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I
n
d
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s
u
h
ar
j
ito
@
b
in
u
s
.
ed
u
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
I
n
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
tec
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n
o
lo
g
y
i
n
cr
ea
s
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s
o
f
ast
i
n
s
o
m
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v
ar
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u
s
as
p
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t
s
cu
h
a
s
g
o
v
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n
m
e
n
t,
f
ac
to
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,
s
ch
o
o
l,
h
o
s
p
ital
an
d
o
th
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s
.
T
h
u
s
,
th
e
s
ec
u
r
it
y
s
y
s
te
m
s
u
ch
as
f
in
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p
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t,
au
th
e
n
ticat
io
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,
an
d
v
er
if
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b
ec
o
m
e
s
an
in
ter
esti
n
g
is
s
u
e.
Fi
n
g
er
p
r
in
t i
s
ca
teg
o
r
ized
as o
n
e
o
f
t
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b
es
t id
en
ti
f
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n
to
o
ls
f
o
r
its
u
n
i
q
u
en
es
s
[
1
]
-
[
2
]
.
Ma
n
y
r
esear
c
h
es
ab
o
u
t
co
m
b
in
at
io
n
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
[
3
]
an
d
th
e
ac
cu
r
ate
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f
ex
tr
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t
f
ea
t
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r
e
[
4
]
ar
e
co
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d
u
cted
[
3
]
.
Mo
r
e
o
v
er
,
tex
tu
r
e
a
n
al
y
s
i
s
is
co
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d
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o
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t
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s
co
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th
at
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d
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co
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s
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o
f
s
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b
j
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t.
T
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e
o
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T
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w
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at
5
0
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if
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f
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s
f
a
m
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I
t
f
o
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d
a
h
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h
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r
ac
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th
8
5
%.
T
h
e
r
esu
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s
h
o
w
ed
t
h
at
th
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e
w
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r
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s
h
ip
s
b
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wee
n
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ath
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a
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d
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=
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3
0
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7
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d
th
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m
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h
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ch
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r
en
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3
4
4
8
.
W
h
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th
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r
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s
v
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u
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o
b
tain
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o
n
an
o
th
er
f
a
m
il
y
w
it
h
f
a
th
er
an
d
s
o
n
;
m
o
th
er
an
d
ch
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r
en
=
0
.
2
7
2
6
=
0
.
1
7
4
7
[
5
]
.
I
n
th
i
s
r
esear
ch
,
f
in
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p
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in
t
i
d
en
tific
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u
s
i
n
g
ex
tr
ac
t
f
e
atu
r
e
is
d
o
n
e
to
r
ec
o
g
n
i
ze
t
h
e
r
elatio
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s
co
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esp
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n
d
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b
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w
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n
p
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.
T
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r
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t
an
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s
is
co
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s
is
t
s
o
f
r
elatio
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s
co
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esp
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w
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n
t
h
e
s
i
m
i
lar
f
a
m
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w
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o
th
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s
.
E
x
tr
ac
t
f
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u
r
e
m
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h
o
d
in
th
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s
s
tu
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y
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Gr
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C
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Ma
tr
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G
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wh
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co
m
b
in
i
n
g
th
e
co
r
r
elatio
n
an
al
y
s
is
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
E
C
E
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8708
F
a
mily
R
ela
tio
n
s
h
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Usi
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F
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(
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2739
2.
R
E
L
AT
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D
WO
RK
Fin
g
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p
r
in
t
id
en
ti
f
icat
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f
ea
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u
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co
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r
elatio
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co
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ic
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f
en
tr
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p
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an
d
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y
co
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f
icien
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.
Featu
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ca
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b
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ca
lcu
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q
u
ick
l
y
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r
o
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esp
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tex
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ca
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p
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m
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a
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a
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ta
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d
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ased
ap
p
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to
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eta
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h
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a
f
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m
a
g
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ca
p
tu
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ed
u
s
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n
g
lo
w
lig
h
ti
n
g
o
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n
o
is
y
en
v
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n
m
e
n
t
w
it
h
s
m
al
l d
etails t
h
at
ca
n
n
o
t
b
e
ex
tr
ac
ted
[
6
]
.
Her
itab
ilit
y
f
in
g
er
p
r
in
t
s
an
d
d
er
m
ato
lo
g
ical
ar
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d
eter
m
i
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ed
b
y
ca
lc
u
l
ati
n
g
t
h
e
co
ef
f
icie
n
t
o
f
co
r
r
elatio
n
r
an
d
t
h
e
r
eg
r
es
s
io
n
eq
u
at
io
n
b
et
w
ee
n
p
ar
en
ts
an
d
c
h
ild
r
en
f
r
o
m
t
h
eir
f
a
m
ilie
s
w
it
h
o
th
er
f
a
m
ilies
[
7
]
.
Fin
g
er
p
r
in
t
n
ee
d
s
to
b
e
im
p
r
o
v
ed
u
s
i
n
g
a
n
alg
o
r
ith
m
to
v
er
i
f
y
w
h
at
h
av
e
b
ee
n
s
er
v
ed
to
in
cr
ea
s
e
alig
n
m
e
n
t a
cc
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r
ac
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to
o
v
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co
m
e
th
e
s
h
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m
in
g
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o
f
p
r
ev
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u
s
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et
h
o
d
s
d
u
e
to
p
o
o
r
im
ag
e
q
u
alit
y
[
8
]
.
P
ar
en
ts
w
ith
a
p
ar
tic
u
lar
f
i
n
g
er
p
r
in
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p
atter
n
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a
v
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ig
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te
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d
en
c
y
to
p
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d
u
ce
ch
i
ld
r
en
w
i
th
th
e
s
a
m
e
p
atter
n
.
A
n
i
n
h
er
ita
n
ce
f
i
n
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er
p
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in
t
o
f
all
k
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f
in
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et
w
ee
n
p
ar
en
ts
a
n
d
ch
ild
r
en
i
n
a
v
ar
iet
y
o
f
ca
s
e
s
[
9
]
.
Dis
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
th
e
f
i
n
g
er
p
r
in
t
p
atter
n
d
o
es
n
o
t
f
o
llo
w
th
e
tr
en
d
o
f
s
tead
y
an
d
r
eg
u
lar
.
A
s
u
r
v
e
y
w
a
s
co
n
d
u
cted
in
Gh
a
n
a
to
v
alid
ate
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
f
i
n
g
er
p
r
in
t
s
t
o
id
en
tify
i
n
d
iv
id
u
al
s
w
h
o
w
er
e
b
r
o
th
er
s
o
f
a
p
o
p
u
latio
n
.
O
f
all
t
h
e
ca
te
g
o
r
ies,
th
e
id
en
tit
y
o
f
th
e
t
win
s
p
r
o
v
ed
to
h
a
v
e
th
e
s
a
m
e
f
i
n
g
er
p
r
in
ts
.
T
h
e
p
o
s
s
ib
ilit
ies
o
f
t
h
e
t
w
o
i
n
d
iv
id
u
als
h
av
e
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
p
atter
n
(
Q
v
alu
e)
at
th
e
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
f
i
n
g
er
t
h
at
is
7
7
.
8
%.
I
t
is
v
er
y
lar
g
e
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
th
e
v
al
u
e
o
f
4
2
.
5
%
w
h
ic
h
is
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
t
w
i
n
b
r
o
th
er
s
.
I
n
a
f
a
m
i
l
y
,
t
h
er
e
ar
e
v
ar
io
u
s
g
r
o
u
p
s
t
h
at
a
f
at
h
er
w
it
h
h
i
s
s
o
n
,
a
f
ath
er
w
it
h
d
au
g
h
ter
,
a
m
o
t
h
er
a
n
d
h
er
s
o
n
,
an
d
a
m
o
t
h
er
w
it
h
h
er
d
au
g
h
ter
w
h
o
h
a
s
a
v
al
u
e
o
f
6
2
.
7
%,
4
5
.
7
%,
5
2
.
0
%
an
d
4
8
.
5
%,
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
I
t
w
as
d
i
f
f
ic
u
lt
to
d
is
ti
n
g
u
is
h
b
et
w
ee
n
a
b
io
lo
g
ical
ch
ild
a
n
d
n
o
t in
a
f
a
m
i
l
y
[
1
0
]
.
3.
RE
S
E
ARCH
M
E
T
H
O
D
T
h
e
r
esear
ch
co
n
s
i
s
ts
s
o
m
e
p
a
r
ts
s
u
c
h
a
s
ex
p
lo
r
in
g
t
h
e
b
ac
k
g
r
o
u
n
d
,
p
u
ep
o
s
e
a
n
d
s
co
p
e
o
f
th
e
s
t
u
d
y
a
liter
atu
r
e
w
a
s
d
o
n
e
to
d
ev
e
lo
p
th
e
u
n
d
er
s
ta
n
d
in
g
ab
o
u
t
t
h
e
f
in
g
er
p
r
in
t
f
ea
t
u
r
e
ex
tr
ac
ti
o
n
.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
th
e
s
tu
d
y
o
f
liter
at
u
r
e
w
a
s
also
co
n
d
u
cted
to
f
i
n
d
o
u
t t
h
e
r
esu
l
ts
o
f
ex
tr
ac
t
f
ea
tu
r
e.
T
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
s
tep
o
f
th
e
s
tu
d
y
is
d
ata
co
llectin
g
o
n
p
ar
en
ts
an
d
ch
ild
r
en
f
in
g
er
p
r
in
t
s
.
I
n
th
e
th
ir
d
p
h
ase
is
d
eter
m
i
n
i
n
g
th
e
p
r
e
-
p
r
o
ce
s
s
i
n
g
o
f
ea
c
h
p
ix
el
f
i
n
g
er
p
r
in
t
d
ata.
T
h
e
r
esear
ch
er
also
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
ts
h
is
to
g
r
a
m
eq
u
aliza
tio
n
m
e
th
o
d
,
th
e
ap
p
licatio
n
u
s
ed
w
a
s
C
#
b
ased
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
I
n
th
e
f
o
u
r
th
s
ta
g
e,
G
L
C
M
f
ea
t
u
r
e
ex
tr
ac
tio
n
b
ased
C
#
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
I
n
th
e
f
i
f
t
h
s
ta
g
e
n
o
r
m
aliza
t
io
n
o
f
d
ata
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
f
ea
tu
r
e
e
x
tr
ac
tio
n
.
T
h
e
s
tep
is
to
s
ea
r
ch
th
e
co
r
r
elatio
n
b
et
w
ee
n
p
ar
en
t
s
an
d
ch
ild
r
en
.
T
h
en
th
e
las
t
s
ta
g
e
is
t
o
d
r
aw
co
n
cl
u
s
io
n
s
an
d
m
a
k
e
s
u
g
g
esti
o
n
s
.
F
ig
u
r
e
1
s
h
o
w
s
th
e
s
tep
s
o
f
t
h
is
r
e
s
ea
r
ch
.
T
h
e
d
etail
o
f
th
e
s
e
s
t
ep
s
is
d
escr
ib
ed
as
f
o
llo
w
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
R
esear
ch
P
r
o
ce
d
u
r
es
a.
L
iter
at
u
r
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
J
E
C
E
Vo
l.
7
,
No
.
5
,
Octo
b
er
201
7
:
2
7
3
8
–
2
7
4
5
2740
T
h
e
liter
atu
r
e
s
tu
d
y
w
as c
o
n
d
u
cted
to
g
ai
n
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
o
f
f
in
g
er
p
r
in
t
f
ea
tu
r
e
e
x
tr
ac
tio
n
u
s
i
n
g
G
L
C
M
,
co
n
v
o
lu
tio
n
m
et
h
o
d
w
as
r
eq
u
ir
ed
to
o
b
tain
in
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
o
n
t
h
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
s
t
u
d
ies
o
n
f
in
g
er
p
r
in
t
f
ea
t
u
r
e
ex
tr
ac
tio
n
.
b.
Data
C
o
llectio
n
Fin
g
er
p
r
in
t
A
t
t
h
is
s
tep
,
d
ata
co
llectio
n
f
in
g
er
p
r
in
t
ch
ild
r
en
a
n
d
o
ld
er
p
eo
p
le
ar
e
tak
en
in
d
ir
ec
tl
y
b
y
u
s
in
g
a
d
ig
ital
f
in
g
er
p
r
in
t p
er
s
o
n
a
u
ar
e
u
4
5
0
0
SDK.
c.
P
r
e
-
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
I
n
th
e
p
r
e
-
p
r
o
ce
s
s
i
n
g
s
tep
s
ize
in
cr
o
p
p
in
g
f
i
n
g
er
p
r
in
t
w
ill
b
e
a
f
e
w
p
i
x
els
to
o
b
tain
t
h
e
m
id
p
o
in
t
o
f
th
e
f
in
g
er
p
r
in
t.
d.
I
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
Me
th
o
d
o
f
Hi
s
to
g
r
a
m
E
q
u
aliza
tio
n
.
Af
ter
li
ter
atu
r
e
s
tu
d
y
s
tep
d
o
n
e,
t
h
e
n
e
x
t
s
tep
is
t
h
e
i
m
p
le
m
en
tatio
n
o
f
t
h
e
h
is
to
g
r
a
m
e
q
u
aliza
tio
n
.
Use
o
f
th
e
m
et
h
o
d
h
is
to
g
r
a
m
eq
u
aliza
tio
n
o
n
t
h
e
e
x
tr
ac
tio
n
o
f
f
i
n
g
er
p
r
in
t
f
ea
t
u
r
es
ar
e
i
n
ten
d
ed
to
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
n
o
is
e
i
n
t
h
e
i
m
ag
e
o
f
th
e
f
in
g
er
p
r
in
t,
w
h
ich
i
s
ex
p
ec
ted
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
t
h
e
q
u
a
lit
y
o
f
t
h
e
i
m
a
g
e
w
h
e
n
t
h
e
f
ea
t
u
r
e
ex
tr
ac
t
io
n
s
ta
g
e
G
L
C
M
d
o
.
e.
I
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
G
L
C
M
Fea
tu
r
e
E
x
tr
ac
tio
n
.
A
t
th
is
s
tep
,
th
e
f
i
n
g
er
p
r
in
t
d
a
ta
ex
tr
ac
tio
n
to
g
e
t
t
h
e
v
a
lu
e
o
f
h
i
s
i
m
a
g
e,
at
t
h
i
s
s
ta
g
e
o
f
t
h
e
m
eth
o
d
u
s
ed
is
t
h
e
m
e
th
o
d
o
f
ex
tr
ac
ti
n
g
f
ea
t
u
r
es f
r
o
m
G
L
C
M.
f.
I
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
co
r
r
elatio
n
co
ef
f
icien
t
A
t
th
is
s
tep
,
th
e
r
e
s
u
l
ts
o
f
f
ea
tu
r
e
ex
tr
ac
tio
n
a
n
d
n
o
r
m
al
izatio
n
t
h
en
ca
lcu
lated
th
e
c
o
r
r
elatio
n
b
et
w
ee
n
p
ar
en
ts
a
n
d
ch
ild
r
en
.
g.
P
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
E
v
al
u
atio
n
A
t
t
h
is
s
tep
,
h
is
to
g
r
a
m
eq
u
aliza
tio
n
,
G
L
C
M,
n
o
r
m
aliza
tio
n
an
d
co
r
r
elatio
n
co
ef
f
ici
en
t
th
ei
r
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
w
i
ll
b
e
ev
al
u
ate
d
,
w
h
e
th
er
t
h
e
m
et
h
o
d
u
s
ed
i
s
alr
ea
d
y
g
i
v
i
n
g
r
e
s
u
l
ts
t
h
at
ar
e
ex
p
ec
ted
o
r
n
o
t.
Fro
m
t
h
e
r
es
u
lt
s
o
f
t
h
ese
ev
al
u
atio
n
s
s
h
o
w
ed
co
r
r
elatio
n
s
b
et
w
ee
n
p
ar
en
t
an
d
c
h
i
ld
,
s
o
th
at
th
e
r
esu
lts
ca
n
b
e
m
ad
e
o
f
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
ak
i
n
g
an
d
ad
v
ice.
h.
C
o
n
cl
u
s
io
n
s
a
n
d
R
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
atio
n
s
Af
ter
th
e
p
r
e
-
p
r
o
ce
s
s
i
n
g
s
t
ep
,
im
p
le
m
en
ta
tio
n
o
f
th
e
h
is
to
g
r
a
m
,
G
L
C
M,
n
o
r
m
aliz
atio
n
an
d
co
r
r
elatio
n
co
ef
f
ic
ien
t
h
a
s
b
ee
n
co
m
p
leted
,
f
u
r
t
h
er
id
en
tifi
ca
tio
n
an
d
e
v
al
u
atio
n
h
a
s
r
e
ac
h
ed
th
e
g
o
als t
h
at
w
er
e
s
et,
th
e
n
ta
k
en
to
a
co
n
clu
s
io
n
.
4.
PR
O
P
O
SE
D
M
E
T
H
O
D
T
h
e
m
e
th
o
d
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
in
th
i
s
s
tu
d
y
is
e
x
tr
ac
ti
n
g
f
ea
t
u
r
e
m
e
th
o
d
GL
C
M
(
Gr
a
y
L
e
v
el
C
o
-
o
cc
u
r
r
en
ce
Ma
tr
ix
)
.
E
x
tr
ac
t
f
ea
t
u
r
e
is
d
o
n
e
to
g
et
t
h
e
v
al
u
e
o
f
f
i
n
g
er
p
r
in
ts
o
f
p
ar
en
ts
a
n
d
ch
ild
r
e
n
.
A
f
ter
th
e
e
x
tr
ac
t
f
ea
t
u
r
e
is
d
o
n
e
t
h
en
th
e
v
a
lu
e
o
b
tain
ed
is
n
o
r
m
alize
d
to
g
et
th
e
n
o
r
m
al
v
al
u
e
o
f
t
h
e
e
x
tr
ac
tio
n
.
T
h
e
r
es
u
lts
o
f
n
o
r
m
alit
y
t
h
e
n
co
m
p
ar
ed
w
it
h
ea
ch
o
f
t
h
e
f
ea
t
u
r
es
o
f
th
e
p
ar
en
ts
a
n
d
ch
ild
r
en
to
f
i
n
d
th
e
co
r
r
elatio
n
.
C
o
r
r
elatio
n
co
ef
f
icie
n
t
w
a
s
u
s
ed
to
f
i
n
d
t
h
e
co
r
r
elatio
n
v
a
lu
e.
So
m
e
o
f
th
e
f
ea
t
u
r
es
i
n
t
h
e
ex
tr
ac
t
f
ea
tu
r
e
s
u
s
i
n
g
G
L
C
M
t
h
at
w
ill
b
e
u
s
e
d
in
t
h
i
s
r
esear
c
h
w
er
e
co
r
r
el
atio
n
,
co
n
tr
a
s
t,
h
o
m
o
g
e
n
ei
t
y
,
an
d
en
er
g
y
s
u
c
h
as
s
h
o
w
n
E
q
u
atio
n
(
1
)
,
E
q
u
atio
n
(
2
)
,
E
q
u
atio
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(
3
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an
d
E
q
u
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(
4
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:
C
o
r
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1
=
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∑
(
−
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.
(
−
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.
(
,
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√
(
1
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W
h
er
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i
=
r
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w
j
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n
s
p
=
GL
C
M
m
atr
i
x
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o
n
tr
ast
2
=
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2
.
(
,
)
(
2
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Me
asu
r
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t
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s
p
atial
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r
eq
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it
s
h
i
g
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lo
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o
n
tr
a
s
t
w
ill b
e
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if
t
h
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p
ix
el
n
ei
g
h
b
o
r
h
o
o
d
s
h
av
e
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
v
al
u
e.
Ho
m
o
g
e
n
eit
y
3
=
∑
∑
p
(
,
)
1
+
(
−
)
2
(
3
)
T
h
e
v
alu
e
w
as
v
er
y
s
e
n
s
i
tiv
e
to
th
e
v
al
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e
ar
o
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n
d
t
h
e
m
ai
n
d
iag
o
n
al.
I
t
w
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h
as
a
h
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h
v
al
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w
h
en
all
t
h
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p
ix
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e
th
e
s
a
m
e
v
a
lu
e.
T
h
e
o
p
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ite
o
f
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n
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as
t
w
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h
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el
v
alu
e
at
th
e
ti
m
e
o
f
v
alu
ab
le
e
n
er
g
y
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
E
C
E
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8708
F
a
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m
ax
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h
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t o
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m
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n
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t r
an
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.
5.
RE
SU
L
T
AND
DI
SCUS
SI
O
N
T
h
is
ch
ap
ter
f
o
cu
s
es
o
n
t
h
e
s
t
ep
s
o
f
s
tu
d
y
n
a
m
el
y
,
p
r
e
-
p
r
o
ce
s
s
i
n
g
(
r
esizi
n
g
a
n
d
cr
o
p
p
in
g
)
,
f
ilter
in
g
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d
G
L
C
M
e
x
tr
ac
t
f
ea
tu
r
e
w
it
h
f
o
u
r
f
ea
tu
r
es,
n
a
m
el
y
co
r
r
elatio
n
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er
g
y
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n
d
h
o
m
o
g
en
eit
y
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co
n
tr
ast,
n
o
r
m
alit
y
,
a
n
d
th
e
n
ca
lc
u
lat
in
g
t
h
e
co
r
r
elatio
n
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
f
in
g
er
p
r
in
t i
m
ag
e
o
f
p
ar
en
ts
a
n
d
ch
ild
r
en
b
y
u
s
i
n
g
co
r
r
elatio
n
co
ef
f
icie
n
t.
5
.
1
.
P
re
pro
ce
s
s
ing
(
re
s
izing
a
nd
cr
o
pp
ing
)
T
h
e
ac
q
u
is
itio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
is
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
u
s
in
g
an
i
m
a
g
e
o
f
th
e
f
in
g
er
p
r
in
t
U
A
r
e
4
5
0
.
T
h
e
i
m
ag
e
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
i
m
ag
e
-
m
a
k
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
i
s
an
i
m
a
g
e
w
it
h
a
s
ize
o
f
1
5
4
x
1
9
2
p
ix
els
,
to
ac
ce
ler
ate
th
e
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
p
er
f
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m
ed
d
o
w
n
s
izi
n
g
t
h
e
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m
ag
e
to
1
5
0
x
1
5
0
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ix
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I
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
2
is
an
e
x
a
m
p
le
o
f
t
h
e
i
m
a
g
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ac
q
u
is
itio
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.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
P
r
ep
r
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ce
s
s
in
g
(
R
e
s
iz
e
d
an
C
r
o
p
p
in
g
)
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
Fin
g
er
p
r
in
t Co
r
e
P
o
in
t
I
n
th
is
s
t
u
d
y
,
t
h
e
s
tag
e
o
f
cr
o
p
p
in
g
w
as
co
n
d
u
cted
to
g
et
th
e
co
r
e
p
o
in
t
o
f
t
h
e
f
i
n
g
er
p
r
in
t
i
m
ag
e.
I
m
a
g
e
ac
q
u
is
itio
n
b
ased
co
r
e
p
o
in
t
m
ad
e
to
ac
ce
ler
ate
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
f
ea
t
u
r
e
e
x
tr
ac
tio
n
al
g
o
r
ith
m
s
.
Fo
r
m
o
r
e
d
etail
s
ab
o
u
t th
e
co
r
e
p
o
in
t is s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
3
.
5
.
2
.
F
ilte
ring
A
t
t
h
is
s
tag
e,
th
e
f
ilter
i
n
g
i
s
v
er
y
i
m
p
o
r
ta
n
t
to
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
in
ter
f
er
e
n
ce
o
f
th
e
f
in
g
er
p
r
in
t.
T
h
e
f
ilter
u
s
ed
i
n
th
i
s
s
tu
d
y
i
s
t
h
e
u
s
e
o
f
h
is
to
g
r
a
m
eq
u
aliza
tio
n
.
Hi
s
to
g
r
a
m
eq
u
al
izatio
n
w
as
s
ele
cted
f
o
r
t
h
e
r
es
u
lt
s
g
iv
e
n
b
y
eq
u
aliza
tio
n
h
is
to
g
r
a
m
m
et
h
o
d
th
at
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
t
h
e
q
u
alit
y
o
f
t
h
e
i
m
ag
e,
s
o
th
a
t
t
h
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
i
n
th
e
i
m
a
g
e
lo
o
k
s
m
o
r
e
v
is
ib
le.
5
.
3
.
G
L
CM
E
x
t
ra
ct
F
ea
t
ure
Fin
g
er
p
r
in
t
i
m
a
g
e
th
a
t
f
ilter
e
d
b
y
u
s
i
n
g
h
i
s
to
g
r
a
m
eq
u
al
i
za
tio
n
th
e
n
e
x
tr
ac
t
f
ea
tu
r
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
w
a
s
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
in
th
is
r
e
s
ea
r
ch
u
s
i
n
g
G
L
C
M
w
it
h
4
a
n
g
les
w
er
e
0
o
,
4
5
o
,
9
0
o
an
d
1
3
5
o
,
th
en
t
h
e
f
ea
t
u
r
es
u
s
ed
w
er
e
co
r
r
elatio
n
,
en
er
g
y
,
h
o
m
o
g
e
n
eit
y
a
n
d
co
n
tr
ast.
B
ef
o
r
e
d
o
in
g
ex
tr
ac
t
f
ea
tu
r
e
t
h
e
f
in
g
er
p
r
in
t
i
m
a
g
e
w
as
f
ilter
e
d
b
y
u
s
i
n
g
th
e
h
is
to
g
r
a
m
eq
u
ali
za
tio
n
to
r
ed
u
ce
d
is
r
u
p
tio
n
to
th
e
f
i
n
g
er
p
r
in
t
i
m
a
g
e.
B
ef
o
r
e
th
e
f
ea
t
u
r
es
G
L
C
M
ca
lcu
lated
,
at
f
ir
s
t f
i
n
g
er
p
r
in
t i
m
ag
e
t
h
at
cr
o
p
p
ed
an
d
f
ilter
ed
th
en
i
m
p
o
r
ted
,
lik
e
th
e
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
Fig
u
r
e
4
s
h
o
w
ed
t
h
e
f
i
n
g
er
p
r
in
t
i
m
a
g
e
d
id
n
o
t
s
h
o
w
th
e
r
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u
lts
o
f
ea
c
h
f
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t
u
r
e,
to
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ee
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e
r
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o
f
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f
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r
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f
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ch
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m
a
g
e,
s
el
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t
o
n
e
s
id
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T
h
e
r
es
u
lts
o
f
t
h
e
ca
lcu
latio
n
o
f
th
e
f
ea
tu
r
es
ca
n
b
e
s
ee
n
i
n
F
ig
u
r
e
5
,
b
y
f
ir
s
t
s
elec
ti
n
g
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
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id
es.
Fig
u
r
e
5
d
is
p
lay
s
th
e
r
esu
lt
s
o
f
t
h
e
i
m
a
g
e
w
h
ich
i
s
in
s
er
ted
b
y
s
elec
ti
n
g
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
s
id
es,
t
h
e
s
t
u
d
y
u
s
i
n
g
4
f
ea
t
u
r
es
o
f
G
L
C
M
i.e
.
co
r
r
elatio
n
,
h
o
m
o
g
e
n
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y
,
en
er
g
y
a
n
d
co
n
tr
ast.
T
h
e
r
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lt
s
o
f
t
h
e
f
ea
t
u
r
e
v
alu
e
s
is
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en
n
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m
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ized
to
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et
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e
s
m
alle
s
t
th
e
n
ca
lc
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lated
t
h
e
co
r
r
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n
a
m
o
n
g
t
h
e
v
alu
e
o
f
co
r
r
elatio
n
,
h
o
m
o
g
en
eit
y
,
co
n
tr
ast a
n
d
en
er
g
y
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f
f
a
m
il
y
an
d
ch
ild
r
en
'
s
f
i
n
g
er
p
r
in
t
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
J
E
C
E
Vo
l.
7
,
No
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5
,
Octo
b
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201
7
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Fig
u
r
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4
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Ma
in
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w
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Fig
u
r
e
5
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GL
C
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x
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5
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4
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Da
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N
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m
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lity
T
h
e
p
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ata
n
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m
alit
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f
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e
G
L
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M
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s
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n
e
to
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e
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m
al
v
al
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t
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ar
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to
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m
alize
t
h
e
d
ata
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o
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n
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r
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al
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ata.
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h
e
r
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r
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th
at
n
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m
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h
e
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lcu
lated
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e
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r
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n
b
et
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th
e
f
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t
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r
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o
f
t
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e
f
in
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p
r
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p
ar
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d
ch
i
ld
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en
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y
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s
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g
co
r
r
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n
co
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f
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n
t
m
et
h
o
d
.
5
.
5
.
Co
rr
ela
t
io
n Co
ef
f
icient
I
n
t
h
is
p
h
a
s
e,
t
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
ca
lcu
lati
n
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t
h
e
v
al
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e
o
f
e
x
tr
a
ct
f
ea
tu
r
e
w
ill
b
e
ca
lcu
lated
t
h
e
v
al
u
e
o
f
co
r
r
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n
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
v
alu
es
o
f
th
e
f
ea
t
u
r
es
o
f
c
h
ild
r
en
w
it
h
th
eir
p
ar
en
t
s
.
T
h
e
co
r
r
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I
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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I
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2744
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NC
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S
[1
]
D.
Ba
v
a
n
a
,
e
t
a
l,
“
S
tu
d
y
o
f
F
in
g
e
rp
rin
t
P
a
tt
e
rn
s
in
Re
lati
o
n
s
h
ip
w
it
h
Bl
o
o
d
g
ro
u
p
a
n
d
G
e
n
d
e
ra
,
”
Res
e
a
rc
h
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
F
o
re
n
sic
S
c
ien
c
e
s,
v
o
l.
1
(1
),
p
p
.
1
5
-
1
7
,
2
0
1
3
.
[2
]
W
.
Ch
e
n
a
n
d
Y
o
n
g
sh
e
n
g
G
a
o
,
“
A
M
in
u
ti
a
e
-
b
a
se
d
F
in
g
e
rp
ri
n
t
M
a
tch
in
g
A
lg
o
rit
h
m
Us
in
g
P
h
a
s
e
Co
rre
latio
n
,
”
Dig
it
a
l
Ima
g
e
Co
mp
u
ti
n
g
T
e
c
h
n
i
q
u
e
s a
n
d
Ap
p
li
c
a
t
io
n
s
,
p
p
.
2
3
3
-
2
3
8
,
2
0
0
7
.
[3
]
M
o
h
a
n
iah
,
e
t
a
l
,
“
Im
a
g
e
T
e
x
tu
re
F
e
a
tu
re
Ex
trac
ti
o
n
Us
in
g
GL
C
M
A
p
p
ro
a
c
h
,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
S
c
ien
ti
fi
c
a
n
d
Res
e
a
rc
h
P
u
b
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
,
v
o
l
.
3
(5
),
p
p
.
1
-
5
,
2
0
1
3
.
[4
]
B.
P
a
t
h
a
k
a
n
d
D.
Ba
ro
o
a
h
,
“
T
e
x
t
u
re
A
n
a
li
s
y
s Ba
s
e
d
o
n
th
e
G
ra
y
-
L
e
v
e
l
Co
-
o
c
c
u
rre
n
c
e
M
a
tri
x
Co
n
sid
e
rin
g
P
o
ss
ib
le
Orie
n
tatio
n
s,”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
A
d
v
a
n
c
e
d
Res
e
a
rc
h
i
n
El
e
c
trica
l
,
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
In
stru
m
e
n
tatio
n
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
v
o
l.
2
(
9
),
p
p
.
4
2
0
6
-
4
2
1
2
,
2
0
1
3
.
[5
]
A
.
T
.
A
b
ra
h
a
m
a
n
d
Ya
sin
.
K.
M
,
“
Ge
n
o
ty
p
in
g
-
Wav
e
let
A
p
p
ro
a
c
h
,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
S
c
ien
c
e
a
n
d
Res
e
a
r
c
h
(
IJ
S
R)
,
v
o
l.
4
(
2
),
p
p
.
1
0
2
5
-
1
0
2
7
,
2
0
1
3
.
[6
]
Be
n
a
z
ir.
K.
K
a
n
d
Vijay
a
k
u
m
a
r,
“
F
in
g
e
rp
rin
t
M
a
tch
in
g
b
y
Ex
trac
t
in
g
Us
in
g
GL
CM
,
”
In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
&
W
o
rk
sh
o
p
o
n
Rec
e
n
t
T
re
n
d
s
in
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
p
p
.
3
0
-
3
4
,
2
0
1
3
.
[7
]
N.
D.
De
v
i,
e
t
a
l
,
“
F
a
m
il
ial
Co
rre
latio
n
s
f
o
r
F
i
n
g
e
r
a
n
d
P
a
lm
a
r
Q
u
a
n
ti
tativ
e
De
r
m
a
to
g
l
y
p
h
ic
F
e
a
tu
re
s
a
m
o
n
g
th
e
Kh
u
rk
h
u
l
o
f
M
a
n
i
p
u
r,
”
An
t
h
ro
p
o
l
o
g
ist
,
v
o
l.
8
(2
)
,
p
p
.
1
2
0
-
1
2
4
,
2
0
0
6
.
[8
]
M
.
S
.
Kh
a
li
l,
M
.
K.
K
h
a
n
,
M
.
I.
Ra
z
z
a
k
,
“
Co
-
o
c
c
u
rre
n
c
e
M
a
tri
x
F
e
a
tu
re
s
F
o
r
F
i
n
g
e
rp
rin
t
V
e
rif
ica
ti
o
n
”
IEE
E,
p
p
.
43
-
4
6
,
2
0
1
1
.
[9
]
N
.
M
a
tsu
y
a
m
a
a
n
d
Yo
h
k
o
It
o
,
“
T
h
e
F
re
q
u
e
n
c
y
o
f
F
in
g
e
rp
rin
t
Ty
p
e
in
P
a
re
n
ts
o
f
Ch
il
d
re
n
w
it
h
T
riso
m
y
2
1
in
Ja
p
a
n
,
”
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
P
h
y
sio
l
o
g
ic
a
l
An
th
o
ro
p
o
l
o
g
y
,
p
p
.
1
5
-
2
1
,
2
0
0
6
.
[1
0
]
E.
D
a
n
d
A
.
Bo
h
a
m
B,
“
G
e
n
e
ti
c
s
a
n
d
F
i
n
g
e
rp
rin
ts:
He
rid
i
tary
Id
e
n
ti
ty
in
G
h
a
n
a
ian
In
d
iv
i
d
u
a
ls,
”
N
ig
e
ria
n
A
n
n
a
ls
o
f
Na
tu
ra
l
S
c
ien
c
e
s
,
v
o
l.
8
(
1
),
p
p
.
1
9
-
2
4
,
2
0
0
8
.
B
I
O
G
RAP
H
I
E
S
O
F
AUTH
O
RS
S
u
h
a
rji
t
o
is
t
h
e
He
a
d
o
f
In
f
o
r
m
a
ti
o
n
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
D
e
p
a
rt
m
e
n
t
in
Bin
u
s
G
ra
d
u
a
te
P
r
o
g
ra
m
o
f
Bin
a
Nu
sa
n
tara
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
.
He
re
c
e
iv
e
d
u
n
d
e
r
g
ra
d
u
a
ted
d
e
g
re
e
in
m
a
th
e
m
a
ti
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s
f
ro
m
T
h
e
F
a
c
u
lt
y
o
f
M
a
th
e
m
a
ti
c
s
a
n
d
Na
tu
ra
l
S
c
ien
c
e
in
G
a
d
jah
M
a
d
a
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
,
Yo
g
y
a
k
a
rta,
In
d
o
n
e
sia
in
1
9
9
4
.
He
re
c
e
iv
e
d
m
a
ste
r
d
e
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re
e
in
in
f
o
r
m
a
ti
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n
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
e
n
g
in
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rin
g
f
ro
m
S
e
p
u
lu
h
No
v
e
m
b
e
r
In
stit
u
te
o
f
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
S
u
ra
b
a
y
a
,
In
d
o
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e
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in
2
0
0
0
.
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re
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e
iv
e
d
th
e
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h
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d
e
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re
e
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ro
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th
e
Bo
g
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r
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g
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ra
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Un
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(IP
B),
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g
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1
.
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s
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telli
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ste
m
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u
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a
ti
o
n
tec
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
His res
e
a
rc
h
in
tere
st are
ima
g
e
p
ro
c
e
ss
in
g
a
n
d
n
e
tw
o
rk
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
A
b
b
a
S
u
g
a
n
d
a
G
irsa
n
g
is
c
u
rre
n
tl
y
a
lec
tu
re
r
a
t
M
a
ste
r
in
Co
m
p
u
ter
S
c
ien
c
e
,
Bin
a
N
u
sa
n
tara
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
,
Ja
k
a
rta
,
In
d
o
n
e
s
ia
S
in
c
e
2
0
1
5
.
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g
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t
P
h
.
D.
in
2
0
1
5
a
t
th
e
In
stit
u
te
o
f
Co
m
p
u
ter
a
n
d
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
E
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
D
e
p
a
rtme
n
t
o
f
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
Na
ti
o
n
a
l
C
h
e
n
g
Ku
n
g
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
,
Tain
a
n
,
T
a
i
w
a
n
,
H
e
g
ra
d
u
a
ted
b
a
c
h
e
lo
r
f
ro
m
th
e
De
p
a
rt
m
e
n
t
o
f
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
G
a
d
ja
h
M
a
d
a
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
(U
G
M
),
Yo
g
y
a
k
a
rta,
In
d
o
n
e
sia
,
i
n
2
0
0
0
.
He
t
h
e
n
c
o
n
ti
n
u
e
d
h
is
m
a
ste
r
d
e
g
re
e
in
th
e
De
p
a
rtm
e
n
t
o
f
Co
m
p
u
ter
S
c
ien
c
e
in
th
e
sa
m
e
u
n
iv
e
rsit
y
in
2
0
0
6
–
2
0
0
8
.
He
w
a
s
a
sta
ff
c
o
n
su
lt
a
n
t
p
r
o
g
ra
m
m
e
r
in
Be
th
e
sd
a
Ho
sp
it
a
l,
Y
o
g
y
a
k
a
rta,
in
2
0
0
1
a
n
d
a
lso
w
o
rk
e
d
a
s
a
we
b
d
e
v
e
lo
p
e
r
in
2
0
0
2
–
2
0
0
3
.
He
t
h
e
n
jo
in
e
d
th
e
f
a
c
u
lt
y
o
f
D
e
p
a
rt
m
e
n
t
o
f
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
c
s
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
in
Ja
n
a
b
a
d
ra
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
a
s
a
lec
tu
re
r
in
2
0
0
3
-
2
0
1
5
.
His
re
se
a
rc
h
in
tere
sts in
c
lu
d
e
sw
a
r
m
,
in
telli
g
e
n
c
e
,
c
o
m
b
in
a
to
rial
o
p
ti
m
iza
ti
o
n
,
a
n
d
d
e
c
isio
n
su
p
p
o
r
t
sy
ste
m
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