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(
I
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Vo
l.
8
,
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.
1
,
Feb
r
u
ar
y
201
8
,
p
p
.
3
5
5
~
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9
I
SS
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2088
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8708
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DOI
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nfo
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r
ticle
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to
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y:
R
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ed
Sep
2
9
,
2
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1
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R
ev
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Dec
2
8
,
2
0
1
7
A
cc
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ted
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an
1
6
,
2
0
1
8
T
DM
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i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
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o
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e
r
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n
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ro
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t
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IEE
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0
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.
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1
.
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o
im
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le
m
e
n
t
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DM
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,
n
e
w
re
g
istratio
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p
r
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n
e
e
d
e
d
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e
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se
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n
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g
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ra
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im
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o
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y
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sin
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h
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8
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T
DM
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W
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p
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stit
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te o
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l
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uth
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r
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lt
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ter
Scien
ce
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i
v
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ita
s
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n
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u
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g
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k
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ltas
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l
m
u
Ko
m
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ter
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Dep
o
k
1
6
4
2
4
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I
n
d
o
n
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E
m
ail:
r
izal
@
cs.
u
i.a
c.
id
1.
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NT
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1
1
u
s
e
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SM
A/C
A
m
ec
h
a
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Acc
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to
[
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]
,
C
SM
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A
o
n
l
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i
tab
le
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r
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tat
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n
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w
ar
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iv
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ates.
So
m
e
r
esear
c
h
h
as
b
ee
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o
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to
m
ax
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m
ize
t
h
e
q
u
al
it
y
o
f
I
E
E
E
8
0
2
.
1
1
[
2
]
u
s
e
h
y
b
r
id
co
d
in
g
tech
n
iq
u
e
to
m
ax
i
m
iz
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g
b
a
n
d
w
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t
h
e
f
f
icien
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y
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ile
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er
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p
o
s
es
t
h
e
u
s
e
o
f
T
DM
A
to
r
ep
lace
C
SM
A
/
C
A
in
I
E
E
E
8
0
2
.
1
1
[
3
-
5
]
.
T
DM
A
ca
n
e
li
m
i
n
ate
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air
n
e
s
s
p
r
o
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lem
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n
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ec
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s
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h
n
o
d
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as
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s
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t
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n
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m
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o
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p
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its
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ata.
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ir
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ess
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cr
u
c
ial
p
r
o
b
lem
in
I
E
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8
0
2
.
1
1
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b
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s
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ch
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m
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ased
I
E
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8
0
2
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1
1
n
et
w
o
r
k
.
T
h
e
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
co
n
tr
o
l
i
s
r
es
p
o
n
s
ib
le
to
cr
ea
te
s
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t
allo
ca
ti
o
n
an
d
m
a
n
ag
e
n
o
d
es
i
n
w
ir
el
ess
n
et
w
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r
k
.
Usi
n
g
cu
r
r
en
t
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SM
A
/
C
A
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ased
r
eg
is
tr
atio
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co
n
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o
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ca
n
af
f
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t
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n
d
d
is
r
u
p
t
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DM
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s
lo
t
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ca
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.
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u
p
tio
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i
n
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tio
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ca
n
af
f
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t
th
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o
v
er
all
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
T
DM
A
n
et
w
o
r
k
.
T
h
is
p
ap
er
w
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n
o
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ad
d
r
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p
o
w
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m
an
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
is
s
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es
i
n
I
E
E
E
8
0
2
.
1
1
.
Un
lik
e
w
ir
ele
s
s
s
en
s
o
r
th
at
n
ee
d
lo
n
g
er
l
if
et
i
m
e
[
6
]
,
I
E
E
E
8
0
2
.
1
1
ca
p
ab
le
d
ev
ice
u
s
u
a
ll
y
h
av
e
b
i
g
g
er
b
atter
y
p
o
w
er
an
d
ea
s
y
t
o
co
n
n
ec
t to
ex
ter
n
a
l p
o
w
er
s
o
u
r
ce
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
8
,
No
.
1
,
Feb
r
u
ar
y
201
8
:
3
5
5
–
3
5
9
356
2.
P
RE
VIOU
S WO
RK
S
T
h
er
e
ar
e
tw
o
k
in
d
s
o
f
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
to
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
t
T
DM
A
i
n
I
E
E
E
8
0
2
.
1
1
.
T
h
e
f
ir
s
t
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
w
o
r
k
s
b
y
i
m
p
le
m
en
t
in
g
p
u
r
e
T
DM
A
to
r
ep
lace
C
SMA/C
A
m
e
ch
an
i
s
m
.
T
h
is
k
i
n
d
o
f
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
n
ee
d
s
clo
c
k
s
y
n
ch
r
o
n
iza
tio
n
b
et
w
ee
n
n
o
d
es
to
cr
ea
te
f
i
x
ed
tr
an
s
m
is
s
i
o
n
s
lo
t
f
o
r
ea
c
h
n
o
d
e
[
7
]
.
I
n
2
0
0
5
,
[
3
]
u
s
e
t
h
i
s
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
b
y
cr
ea
ti
n
g
ac
ti
v
e
t
i
m
e
a
n
d
p
ass
i
v
e
ti
m
e
f
o
r
ea
ch
n
o
d
e.
No
d
e
ca
n
tr
a
n
s
m
it
its
d
ata
in
ac
t
iv
e
ti
m
e,
an
d
ca
n
o
n
l
y
li
s
ten
in
p
ass
i
v
e
ti
m
e.
W
h
ile
[
8
]
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
t
T
DM
A
i
n
ap
p
licatio
n
la
y
er
,
a
n
d
cr
ea
te
ap
p
licatio
n
w
id
e
clo
c
k
s
y
n
ch
r
o
n
izatio
n
b
et
w
ee
n
n
o
d
es
w
h
ile
[
4
]
i
m
p
le
m
en
ts
T
DM
A
i
n
m
o
b
ile
ad
h
o
c
n
et
w
o
r
k
.
[
3
]
,
[
8
]
d
o
esn
’
t
d
ec
lar
e
s
p
ec
if
ic
m
ec
h
an
i
s
m
i
n
n
o
d
e
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
,
w
h
ile
[
4
]
ex
p
lain
a
b
r
ief
m
ec
h
a
n
i
s
m
i
n
n
o
d
e
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
b
y
u
s
in
g
id
le
s
e
n
s
i
n
g
f
o
r
n
o
d
e
ad
v
er
tis
e
m
en
t.
An
o
th
er
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
to
i
m
p
le
m
en
t
T
DM
A
i
s
u
s
i
n
g
C
SM
A/
C
A
m
ec
h
a
n
is
m
to
cr
ea
te
T
DM
A
lik
e
b
eh
av
io
r
.
T
h
is
k
in
d
o
f
i
m
p
le
m
en
tatio
n
,
also
k
n
o
w
n
as
p
s
eu
d
o
T
DM
A
f
ir
s
t
ap
p
ea
r
in
[
9
]
b
y
m
o
d
i
f
y
in
g
C
SM
A
/
C
A
b
ac
k
o
f
f
m
ec
h
a
n
i
s
m
a
n
d
co
n
te
n
tio
n
co
n
tr
o
l.
I
n
2
0
1
1
,
[
1
0
]
im
p
r
o
v
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
p
s
e
u
d
o
T
DM
A
i
m
p
le
m
en
ta
tio
n
b
y
o
p
ti
m
izi
n
g
id
le
s
lo
t
b
et
w
ee
n
tr
a
n
s
m
is
s
io
n
an
d
i
n
2
0
1
5
,
[
5
]
im
p
le
m
e
n
t
p
s
eu
d
o
T
DM
A
an
d
o
p
tim
ize
it
b
y
cr
ea
ti
n
g
ad
ap
tiv
e
tr
an
s
m
i
s
s
io
n
len
g
t
h
to
m
in
i
m
ize
id
le
s
lo
t
b
et
w
ee
n
tr
an
s
m
i
s
s
io
n
.
P
s
eu
d
o
T
DM
A
u
s
e
C
SM
A/C
A
b
ased
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
co
n
tr
o
l.
I
t
d
o
es
n
o
t
n
ee
d
s
p
ec
ialized
r
eg
i
s
tr
atio
n
co
n
tr
o
l
b
ec
au
s
e
it
r
u
n
s
o
n
to
p
o
f
C
SM
A/C
A
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
.
No
n
-
p
s
e
u
d
o
T
DM
A
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
n
ee
d
a
n
e
w
m
ec
h
a
n
i
s
m
f
o
r
n
o
d
es
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
.
A
co
m
m
o
n
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
f
o
r
s
tan
d
ar
d
T
DM
A
is
to
r
eg
is
ter
p
ar
ticip
atin
g
n
o
d
e
w
h
e
n
b
u
ild
in
g
n
et
w
o
r
k
.
T
h
is
is
a
s
i
m
p
le
an
d
f
a
s
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
b
u
t
it
ca
n
n
o
t
h
a
n
d
le
n
e
w
n
o
d
e
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
w
h
e
n
n
et
w
o
r
k
alr
ea
d
y
r
u
n
n
in
g
[
1
1
]
.
An
o
th
er
alter
n
ati
v
e
i
n
ad
m
i
s
s
i
o
n
co
n
tr
o
l
p
r
o
c
ess
is
u
s
i
n
g
ti
m
e
s
y
n
ch
r
o
n
iza
tio
n
,
b
u
t
it
ta
k
es
an
o
t
h
er
co
m
p
lex
p
r
o
ce
s
s
to
s
y
n
c
h
r
o
n
ize
ti
m
e
b
et
w
ee
n
n
o
d
es [
1
2
]
.
3.
P
RO
P
O
SE
D
RE
G
I
S
T
RA
T
I
O
N
CO
NT
RO
L
P
RO
C
E
SS
T
h
is
p
ap
er
p
r
o
p
o
s
es
s
p
ec
ialized
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
co
n
tr
o
l
f
o
r
T
DM
A
b
y
cr
ea
tin
g
t
w
o
s
er
v
ice
s
lo
ts
to
m
an
a
g
e
r
eg
i
s
tr
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
T
h
e
f
ir
s
t
s
er
v
ice
s
lo
t
u
s
ed
b
y
n
o
d
es
to
r
eg
is
ter
th
e
m
s
e
l
v
es
to
t
h
e
w
ir
ele
s
s
n
et
w
o
r
k
.
T
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
s
lo
t
u
s
ed
b
y
ac
ce
s
s
p
o
in
t
to
co
n
f
ir
m
t
h
e
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
a
n
d
n
o
ti
f
y
th
e
n
e
w
l
y
j
o
in
ed
n
o
d
es.
Or
d
er
o
f
d
ata
f
r
a
m
es i
n
f
ir
s
t a
n
d
s
ec
o
n
d
s
er
v
ice
s
lo
t c
an
b
e
s
ee
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
(
a)
an
d
1
(
b
)
.
(
a)
(b
)
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
(
a)
T
h
e
f
ir
s
t ser
v
ice
s
lo
t
,
(
b
)
T
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
s
er
v
ice
s
l
o
t
I
n
th
e
f
ir
s
t
s
er
v
i
ce
s
lo
t,
ac
ce
s
s
p
o
in
t
b
r
o
a
d
ca
s
t
a
b
ea
c
o
n
f
r
am
e
to
th
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
.
B
ea
co
n
f
r
a
m
e
is
I
E
E
E
8
0
2
.
1
1
m
an
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
f
r
a
m
e
t
h
at
co
n
tai
n
s
all
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
ab
o
u
t
th
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
.
Af
ter
b
r
o
ad
ca
s
tin
g
a
b
ea
co
n
f
r
a
m
e,
ac
ce
s
s
p
o
in
t
en
ter
s
id
le
s
tate
to
lis
ten
r
e
g
is
tr
atio
n
r
eq
u
est
f
r
o
m
n
o
d
es.
I
n
[
4
]
,
n
o
d
es
w
ill
s
e
n
d
r
eq
u
est
f
r
a
m
e
w
h
e
n
it
s
en
s
e
id
le.
I
n
r
ea
lit
y
,
i
f
m
o
r
e
th
a
n
o
n
e
n
o
d
es
s
en
s
e
id
les
a
n
d
tr
an
s
m
it
t
h
e
r
eq
u
est
m
es
s
ag
e
a
t
th
e
s
a
m
e
ti
m
e,
co
llis
io
n
w
ill
o
cc
u
r
.
T
o
o
v
er
co
m
e
th
is
p
r
o
b
le
m
,
w
e
d
i
v
id
e
th
e
ac
ce
s
s
p
o
in
t
id
le
s
tate
i
n
to
s
ev
er
al
ti
m
e
s
lo
ts
a
n
d
ea
ch
n
o
d
e
r
u
n
a
r
an
d
o
m
ti
m
er
m
ec
h
an
i
s
m
to
c
h
o
o
s
e
th
e
ti
m
eslo
t.
Ho
p
ef
u
ll
y
i
t
w
il
l
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
th
e
co
llis
io
n
p
r
o
b
a
b
ilit
y
b
et
w
ee
n
n
o
d
es.
T
o
s
im
p
li
f
y
t
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
w
e
ca
n
u
s
e
I
E
E
E
8
0
2
.
1
1
ass
o
ciatio
n
p
ac
k
e
t a
s
t
h
e
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
r
eq
u
est.
Af
ter
th
e
f
ir
s
t
s
er
v
ice
s
lo
t,
ac
ce
s
s
p
o
in
t
w
ill
en
ter
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
s
er
v
ice
s
lo
t.
I
n
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
s
er
v
ice
s
lo
t,
ac
ce
s
s
p
o
in
t
w
ill
r
ep
l
y
th
e
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
r
eq
u
est
f
r
o
m
n
e
w
n
o
d
es.
A
cc
ess
p
o
in
t
w
ill
r
ep
l
y
u
s
i
n
g
I
E
E
E
8
0
2
.
1
1
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
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&
C
o
m
p
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n
g
I
SS
N:
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-
8708
A
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a
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R
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a
tio
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P
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s
fo
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TDMA
in
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1
1
N
etw
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(
R
i
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l F
a
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)
357
ass
o
ciatio
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r
ep
l
y
f
r
a
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u
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b
r
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f
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e
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ac
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s
an
d
n
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w
ill
s
tar
t o
v
er
th
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p
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s
s
b
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tr
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n
s
m
itti
n
g
r
eq
u
est
in
t
h
e
f
ir
s
t
s
lo
t
.
Seco
n
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s
er
v
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s
lo
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ca
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also
b
e
u
s
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b
y
ac
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s
s
p
o
in
t
to
in
f
o
r
m
t
h
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d
elete
d
n
o
d
es
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No
d
es
o
n
th
e
d
elete
d
li
s
t
w
il
l
n
ee
d
to
s
tar
t
o
v
er
th
e
r
eg
i
s
tr
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
i
n
o
r
d
er
to
j
o
in
th
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
.
I
n
ea
ch
T
DM
A
c
y
cle,
ac
ce
s
s
p
o
in
t
w
ill o
cc
u
p
y
t
h
e
f
ir
s
t a
n
d
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
s
lo
t o
f
t
h
e
c
y
cle
to
b
e
u
s
ed
as
1
st
an
d
2
nd
s
er
v
ice
s
lo
t.
T
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
f
lo
w
o
f
ac
ce
s
s
p
o
i
n
t
i
n
th
is
r
eg
i
s
tr
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
ca
n
b
e
s
ee
n
i
n
Fig
u
r
e
2
(
a)
,
w
h
ile
t
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
f
lo
w
o
f
n
o
d
e
ca
n
b
e
s
ee
n
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
2
(
b
)
.
(
a)
(
b
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Fig
u
r
e
2
.
(
a)
P
r
o
ce
s
s
f
lo
w
o
f
ac
ce
s
s
p
o
in
t
,
(
b
)
P
r
o
ce
s
s
f
lo
w
o
f
n
o
d
e
4.
SI
M
UL
AT
I
O
N
A
ND
E
V
AL
U
AT
I
O
N
W
e
co
n
d
u
ct
s
i
m
u
la
tio
n
to
e
v
alu
a
te
t
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
n
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
co
n
tr
o
l.
T
h
e
s
i
m
u
lato
r
w
ill
s
i
m
u
late
n
o
d
e
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
u
s
i
n
g
r
an
d
o
m
ti
m
er
o
u
tp
u
t
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
c
y
cle
n
ee
d
ed
to
co
m
p
lete
th
e
r
eg
i
s
tr
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
f
o
r
all
n
o
d
es.
T
h
e
s
i
m
u
lat
i
o
n
s
tar
ts
w
it
h
r
eg
i
s
tr
atio
n
co
n
t
r
o
l
o
f
t
w
o
n
o
d
es
to
ten
n
o
d
es
a
n
d
f
i
v
e
ti
m
e
s
lo
t.
W
e
r
ep
ea
t
ea
ch
s
i
m
u
latio
n
f
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r
1
0
0
tim
es
a
n
d
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u
n
t
t
h
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av
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ag
e
o
f
c
y
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le
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ee
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ed
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co
m
p
lete
t
h
e
r
eg
i
s
tr
atio
n
p
r
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ce
s
s
.
R
es
u
lt o
f
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h
e
s
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m
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latio
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ca
n
b
e
s
ee
n
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n
T
ab
le
1
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T
ab
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1
.
Sim
u
latio
n
R
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s
u
l
t
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mb
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2
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T
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e
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a
s
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m
e
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n
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m
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f
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er
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o
n
d
.
B
y
u
s
i
n
g
t
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ab
o
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f
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la,
n
o
w
w
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n
co
m
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te
th
e
ti
m
e
n
ee
d
ed
to
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m
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tr
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n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
T
a
b
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2
s
h
o
w
th
e
ti
m
e
n
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d
ed
to
co
m
p
lete
th
e
r
e
g
is
tr
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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N
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8
8
-
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I
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8
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96
6
2
.
5
Fro
m
tab
le
2
w
e
ca
n
s
ee
th
e
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
n
l
y
tak
e
6
2
.
5
m
s
to
co
m
p
lete
r
eg
is
ter
i
n
g
ten
n
e
w
n
o
d
es.
On
av
er
a
g
e,
f
o
r
ten
n
o
d
es,
ea
ch
n
o
d
e
w
i
ll tak
e
7
m
s
t
o
co
m
p
lete
t
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
T
o
s
ee
its
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
,
w
e
co
m
p
ar
e
w
a
s
ted
ti
m
eslo
t
b
et
w
ee
n
o
u
r
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
ec
h
a
n
is
m
w
it
h
s
y
n
ch
r
o
n
o
u
s
T
DM
A
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
W
asted
ti
m
e
s
lo
t
is
th
e
a
m
o
u
n
t
o
f
ti
m
e
w
a
s
ted
i
n
r
e
g
is
tr
at
io
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
W
as
ted
s
lo
ts
ar
e
ca
lc
u
lated
b
y
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
u
n
u
s
ed
ti
m
e
s
lo
t
i
n
m
illi
s
ec
o
n
d
.
S
y
n
c
h
r
o
n
o
u
s
T
DM
A
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
w
o
r
k
s
u
s
i
n
g
r
o
u
n
d
r
o
b
in
b
ased
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
R
o
u
n
d
r
o
b
in
al
g
o
r
ith
m
is
s
i
m
ilar
to
f
ir
s
t
co
m
e
f
ir
s
t
s
er
v
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
an
d
d
esig
n
ed
f
o
r
ti
m
e
s
h
ar
in
g
o
p
er
atio
n
[
1
3
]
.
I
n
T
DM
A
,
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
w
o
r
k
s
b
y
a
llo
ca
tin
g
p
r
e
-
d
ef
i
n
ed
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
s
lo
t
b
ef
o
r
e
t
h
e
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
b
e
g
in
,
t
h
e
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
w
o
r
k
s
b
y
as
s
i
g
n
i
n
g
t
h
e
e
m
p
t
y
s
lo
t
to
ea
c
h
n
e
w
s
tatio
n
.
I
n
t
h
i
s
s
i
m
u
lat
io
n
,
we
ass
u
m
e
ea
c
h
ti
m
e
s
lo
t
is
0
.
1
3
m
s
(
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
ti
m
e
n
ee
d
ed
to
s
en
d
1
MT
U)
,
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
ti
m
e
s
lo
t
is
2
0
an
d
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
s
er
v
ice
s
lo
t
is
1
0
f
r
a
m
e
s
.
R
e
s
u
l
t
o
f
t
h
e
s
i
m
u
la
tio
n
ca
n
b
e
s
ee
n
i
n
T
ab
le
3
b
elo
w
:
T
ab
le
3
.
W
asted
T
im
eslo
t b
et
w
ee
n
S
y
n
c
h
r
o
n
o
u
s
T
DM
A
a
n
d
P
r
o
p
o
s
ed
T
DM
A
R
eg
i
s
tr
ati
o
n
P
r
o
ce
s
s
N
u
mb
e
r
o
f
N
o
d
e
W
a
st
e
d
sl
o
t
(
sy
n
c
.
T
D
M
A
)
(
ms)
W
a
st
e
d
sl
o
t
(
p
r
o
p
o
se
d
)
(
ms)
2
4
.
6
8
1
.
5
6
3
4
.
4
2
1
.
6
9
4
4
.
1
6
1
.
8
2
5
3
.
9
1
.
9
5
6
3
.
6
4
2
.
0
8
7
3
.
3
8
2
.
2
1
8
3
.
1
2
2
.
3
4
9
2
.
8
6
2
.
4
7
10
2
.
6
2
.
6
W
e
ca
n
s
ee
f
r
o
m
T
ab
le
3
,
o
u
r
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
m
o
r
e
e
f
f
ic
ien
t
i
n
u
til
izin
g
ti
m
e
s
lo
t
th
an
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
y
n
c
h
r
o
n
o
u
s
T
DM
A
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
B
y
u
s
i
n
g
s
en
s
e
-
b
ased
m
ec
h
an
i
s
m
,
r
ath
er
th
a
n
p
r
e
-
d
eter
m
in
ed
s
lo
t,
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
w
asted
s
lo
t c
a
n
b
e
r
ed
u
ce
d
an
d
ca
n
b
e
allo
ca
ted
f
o
r
tr
an
s
m
itti
n
g
d
ata.
4.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
AND
F
U
T
U
R
E
WO
RK
S
I
n
th
is
p
ap
er
,
w
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
a
r
e
g
is
tr
atio
n
co
n
tr
o
l
to
u
s
e
in
T
DM
A
b
ased
I
E
E
E
8
0
2
.
1
1
n
etw
o
r
k
.
Fro
m
th
e
s
i
m
u
lat
io
n
r
es
u
lt,
w
it
h
te
n
n
o
d
es,
t
h
e
a
v
er
ag
e
t
i
m
e
tak
e
n
f
o
r
ea
ch
n
o
d
e
to
co
m
p
lete
t
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
i
s
ab
o
u
t
7
m
s
,
w
h
ich
i
s
s
till
ac
ce
p
tab
l
e.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
ec
h
an
is
m
also
r
ed
u
ce
s
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
w
a
s
ted
ti
m
e
s
lo
t
in
T
DM
A
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
I
m
p
le
m
e
n
tati
o
n
o
f
o
u
r
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
co
n
tr
o
l
n
ee
d
s
o
m
e
m
o
d
i
f
icatio
n
i
n
c
u
r
r
en
t
d
ata
li
n
k
la
y
er
w
it
h
o
u
t
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
m
o
d
i
f
icatio
n
.
I
n
clie
n
t
s
id
e,
m
o
d
if
icat
io
n
ca
n
b
e
d
o
n
e
b
y
m
o
d
if
y
i
n
g
o
p
en
s
o
u
r
ce
W
L
AN
d
r
iv
er
in
L
i
n
u
x
o
p
er
atin
g
s
y
s
t
e
m
[
1
4
]
,
w
h
ile
i
n
ac
ce
s
s
p
o
in
t
,
a
m
o
d
if
icatio
n
f
ir
m
w
ar
e
is
n
ee
d
ed
.
A
DD
-
W
R
T
f
ir
m
w
ar
e
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
as a
n
alt
er
n
ativ
e
to
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
t t
h
e
r
eg
i
s
tr
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
ac
ce
s
s
p
o
in
t
[
1
5
]
.
I
n
th
i
s
r
esear
c
h
,
w
e
u
s
e
a
f
i
x
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
f
r
a
m
es
i
n
s
er
v
ice
s
lo
t.
Fo
r
f
u
tu
r
e
w
o
r
k
s
,
to
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
w
e
n
ee
d
t
o
cr
ea
te
a
n
ad
ap
tiv
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
t
o
ca
lcu
late
o
p
ti
m
u
m
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
f
r
a
m
es
b
ased
o
n
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
n
e
w
n
o
d
es.
A
n
o
t
h
e
r
o
p
en
r
esear
ch
is
s
u
e
is
lo
ad
b
alan
ci
n
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
b
et
w
ee
n
ac
c
ess
p
o
in
ts
to
cr
ea
te
r
eliab
le
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
i
n
h
ig
h
d
en
s
it
y
n
et
w
o
r
k
u
s
er
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
E
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&
C
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m
p
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g
I
SS
N:
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8708
A
S
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s
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R
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is
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a
tio
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s
fo
r
TDMA
in
I
E
E
E
8
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1
1
N
etw
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r
k
(
R
i
z
a
l F
a
th
o
n
i A
ji
)
359
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
T
.
M
.
S
.
Kh
a
tt
a
b
,
M
.
T
.
El
-
Ha
d
id
i,
a
n
d
H.
-
A
.
M
.
M
o
u
ra
d
,
“
A
n
a
ly
s
is
o
f
W
ir
e
les
s
CS
M
A
/C
A
Ne
t
w
o
r
k
Us
in
g
S
in
g
le
S
tatio
n
S
u
p
e
rp
o
siti
o
n
(
S
S
S
),
”
AE
U
-
In
t.
J
.
El
e
c
tro
n
.
Co
mm
u
n
.
,
v
o
l.
5
6
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
7
3
–
8
3
,
2
0
0
2
.
[2
]
I.
A
.
A
l
i
m
i,
K.
F
.
A
k
in
g
b
a
d
e
,
J
.
J.
P
o
p
o
o
la,
a
n
d
M
.
O.
Ko
law
o
le,
“
A
H
y
b
rid
Co
d
i
n
g
T
e
c
h
n
iq
u
e
f
o
r
Ef
f
icie
n
t
Ba
n
d
w
id
th
Us
a
g
e
in
Co
n
f
o
rm
it
y
w
it
h
IEE
E
8
0
2
.
1
1
W
LA
N S
tan
d
a
rd
,
”
v
o
l.
3
,
n
o
.
5
,
p
p
.
5
9
3
–
6
0
2
,
2
0
1
3
.
[3
]
J.
S
n
o
w
,
W
.
C.
F
e
n
g
,
a
n
d
W
.
C
.
F
e
n
g
,
“
Imp
lem
e
n
ti
n
g
a
lo
w
p
o
we
r
T
DM
A
p
ro
to
c
o
l
o
v
e
r
8
0
2
.
1
1
,
”
IEE
E
W
irel.
Co
m
m
u
n
.
Ne
tw
.
Co
n
f
.
W
CNC
,
v
o
l.
1
,
p
p
.
7
5
–
8
0
,
2
0
0
5
.
[4
]
Z.
L
in
,
Z.
Din
g
,
Q.
H
u
,
a
n
d
S
.
T
a
o
,
“
P
-
T
DMA
-
s
y
s:
A
T
DM
A
s
y
st
e
m
o
v
e
r
c
o
m
m
o
d
it
y
8
0
2
.
1
1
h
a
r
d
w
a
r
e
f
o
r
m
o
b
il
e
ad
-
h
o
c
n
e
tw
o
rk
s,”
J
.
Co
mm
u
n
.
,
v
o
l.
1
1
,
n
o
.
8
,
p
p
.
7
1
0
–
72
5
,
2
0
1
6
.
[5
]
Y.
Kh
a
n
,
M
.
De
ra
k
h
sh
a
n
i,
S
.
P
a
rsa
e
e
f
a
rd
,
a
n
d
T
.
L
e
-
N
g
o
c
,
“
S
e
lf
-
o
rg
a
n
izin
g
T
DMA
M
A
C
p
ro
to
c
o
l
f
o
r
e
e
c
ti
v
e
c
a
p
a
c
it
y
i
m
p
ro
v
e
m
e
n
t
in
IEE
E
8
0
2
.
1
1
W
L
A
N
s S
e
lf
-
Or
g
a
n
izin
g
TDM
A
M
A
C
P
ro
to
c
o
l
f
o
r
Ef
fe
c
ti
v
e
,
”
2
0
1
5
.
[6
]
R.
R
Bh
a
n
d
a
ri
a
n
d
K.
Ra
jas
e
k
h
a
r,
“
S
tu
d
y
o
n
Im
p
ro
v
in
g
th
e
Ne
tw
o
rk
L
i
f
e
T
i
m
e
M
a
x
i
m
a
z
a
ti
o
n
f
o
r
W
irele
ss
S
e
n
so
r
Ne
tw
o
rk
u
sin
g
Cro
ss
L
a
y
e
r
A
p
p
ro
a
c
h
,
”
In
t
.
J
.
El
e
c
tr.
C
o
mp
u
t.
E
n
g
.
,
v
o
l.
6
,
n
o
.
6
,
p
.
3
0
8
0
,
2
0
1
6
.
[7
]
J.
F
.
Ku
r
o
se
a
n
d
K.
W
.
Ro
ss
,
C
o
mp
u
ter
Ne
two
rk
in
g
A
T
o
p
-
D
o
wn
Ap
p
ro
a
c
h
Fe
a
tu
ri
n
g
th
e
In
ter
n
e
t
,
v
o
l.
1
.
P
e
a
rso
n
Ed
u
c
a
ti
o
n
,
2
0
0
5
.
[8
]
P
.
Dju
k
ic
a
n
d
P
.
M
o
h
a
p
a
tra,
“
S
o
f
t
-
T
DM
A
C:
A
S
o
f
t
w
a
r
e
T
DM
A
-
B
a
se
d
M
A
C
o
v
e
r
Co
m
m
o
d
it
y
8
0
2
.
1
1
Ha
rd
w
a
re
,
”
in
INFOCOM
2
0
0
9
,
IEE
E
,
2
0
0
9
,
p
p
.
1
8
3
6
–
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677
–
6
8
1
.
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