I
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t
io
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l J
o
urna
l o
f
E
lect
rica
l a
nd
Co
m
p
ute
r
E
ng
in
ee
ring
(
I
J
E
CE
)
Vo
l.
7
,
No
.
6
,
Dec
em
b
er
201
7
,
p
p
.
3
3
1
3
~
3
3
1
7
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8708
,
DOI
: 1
0
.
1
1
5
9
1
/i
j
ec
e.
v
7
i
6
.
pp
3
3
1
3
-
3317
3313
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cc
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a
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y
su
rg
ica
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p
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re
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a
n
d
it
th
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f
o
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h
a
s
a
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e
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s
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th
is
p
a
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a
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c
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sig
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tak
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Du
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a
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T
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w
c
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if
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An
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Co
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rig
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©
2
0
1
7
In
stit
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te o
f
A
d
v
a
n
c
e
d
E
n
g
i
n
e
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rin
g
a
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d
S
c
ien
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e
.
Al
l
rig
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ts
re
se
rv
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d
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
Mo
h
d
Su
h
aib
Kid
w
a
i,
Dep
ar
t
m
en
t o
f
E
lectr
o
n
ics a
n
d
C
o
m
m
u
n
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E
n
g
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ee
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in
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,
I
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L
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I
n
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m
ail: d
an
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k
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w
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f
f
m
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c
o
m
1.
I
NT
RO
D
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N
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v
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y
f
u
n
ct
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f
th
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m
an
b
o
d
y
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ein
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lled
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y
b
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ain
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an
d
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s
s
u
c
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t
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ce
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t
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k
in
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ch
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is
m
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ain
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n
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v
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n
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d
in
v
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u
n
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s
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h
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m
is
lo
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o
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p
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ep
ilep
tic
f
it
s
,
b
r
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th
les
s
n
e
s
s
etc.
[
1
]
.
I
n
th
is
p
ap
e
r
f
o
cu
s
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er
e,
o
n
u
n
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ate.
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w
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k
m
ai
n
l
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r
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p
o
s
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an
alg
o
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ith
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,
w
h
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til
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et
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h
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b
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ain
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r
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p
h
en
o
m
en
o
n
.
T
h
e
alg
o
r
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m
u
s
es
th
e
co
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ce
p
t
o
f
r
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u
r
r
en
ce
an
d
tells
t
h
e
d
eg
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ee
o
f
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p
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o
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s
y
n
ch
r
o
n
is
m
b
et
w
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h
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b
r
ain
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g
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als
(
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E
G
s
ig
n
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s
)
an
d
r
esp
ir
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r
ate.
Hen
ce
,
it
w
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elp
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t
t
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b
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to
th
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p
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t [
2
]
.
B
u
t b
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r
e
p
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in
g
to
t
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m
ai
n
w
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c
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s
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th
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th
er
m
et
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s
.
T
h
ey
ar
e
as
f
o
llo
w
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:
1
.
1
.
Dec
o
m
po
s
it
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n M
o
del (
B
a
s
ed
o
n Co
up
lin
g
)
T
h
e
f
o
r
m
o
f
a
co
u
p
lin
g
f
u
n
cti
o
n
d
ep
en
d
s
o
n
th
e
d
if
f
er
i
n
g
c
o
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
s
f
r
o
m
in
d
i
v
id
u
al
o
s
cillatio
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s
.
C
h
a
n
g
es
i
n
f
o
r
m
m
a
y
d
ep
en
d
p
r
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a
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tl
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l
y
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o
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th
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p
h
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alo
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-
a
x
is
)
,
o
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th
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y
m
a
y
d
ep
en
d
o
n
b
o
th
p
h
ases
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f
ten
r
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u
lti
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g
in
a
co
m
p
lica
ted
an
d
in
t
u
iti
v
el
y
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n
clea
r
d
ep
en
d
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.
T
h
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d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
ates
t
h
e
n
ee
d
f
o
r
a
m
o
d
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ab
le
to
d
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s
ti
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u
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th
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al
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n
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n
al
co
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
s
to
a
co
u
p
li
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g
.
T
h
is
m
o
d
el
m
ai
n
l
y
tak
es
p
h
a
s
e
in
to
co
n
s
id
er
ati
o
n
,
th
o
u
g
h
a
m
p
l
itu
d
e
d
y
n
a
m
ics
ca
n
also
b
e
tak
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in
to
co
n
s
id
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n
.
T
h
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
J
E
C
E
Vo
l.
7
,
No
.
6
,
Dec
em
b
er
201
7
:
3
3
1
3
–
3
3
1
7
3314
co
u
p
lin
g
b
et
w
ee
n
th
e
v
ar
io
u
s
s
ig
n
al
s
o
r
th
e
r
ec
u
r
r
en
ce
s
is
f
o
u
n
d
o
u
t
an
d
d
is
o
r
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er
s
ar
e
d
ia
g
n
o
s
ed
o
n
t
h
e
b
asis
o
f
co
u
p
lin
g
s
tr
e
n
g
th
[
3
]
-
[
6
]
.
P
r
ev
io
u
s
co
u
p
lin
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tr
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t
m
en
ts
,
in
cl
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o
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eq
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e
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eu
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f
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tio
n
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I
n
th
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m
o
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w
e
d
ec
o
m
p
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e
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en
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in
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t
h
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f
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e
d
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t
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s
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Dir
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T
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t
co
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p
lin
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also
i
n
clu
d
e
s
th
e
d
i
f
f
u
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u
p
li
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en
w
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th
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e
p
h
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if
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er
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ter
m
s
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h
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h
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n
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s
m
b
eh
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n
d
th
i
s
co
u
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li
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m
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o
n
en
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o
r
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r
o
ce
s
s
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alth
o
u
g
h
w
e
p
r
ese
n
t
t
h
e
m
o
d
el
i
n
r
elatio
n
to
p
h
a
s
e
d
y
n
a
m
ics,
a
s
i
m
ilar
f
u
n
ct
io
n
al
d
ec
o
m
p
o
s
it
io
n
o
f
t
h
e
co
u
p
li
n
g
s
ca
n
al
s
o
b
e
ap
p
lied
to
a
m
p
l
itu
d
e
d
y
n
a
m
ics.
I
n
ter
m
s
o
f
t
h
e
g
e
n
er
al
th
eo
r
y
o
f
p
h
ase
d
y
n
a
m
ic
s
an
d
eq
u
atio
n
,
th
e
co
u
p
lin
g
f
u
n
ct
io
n
q
1
(
ϕ
1
,
ϕ
2
)
ca
n
b
e
ex
p
r
ess
ed
as th
e
p
r
o
d
u
ct
o
f
t
w
o
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
q
1
(
ϕ
1
,
ϕ
2
)
=P
1
(ϕ
1)
P
2
(
ϕ
2
)
w
h
er
e
P
1
(
ϕ
1
)
is
th
e
p
h
ase
r
esp
o
n
s
e
c
u
r
v
e
(
P
R
C
)
o
f
t
h
e
f
ir
s
t
o
s
cillato
r
an
d
s
h
o
w
s
h
o
w
it
r
e
s
p
o
n
d
s
to
e
x
ter
n
a
l
p
er
tu
r
b
atio
n
s
,
w
h
ile
P
2
(
ϕ
2
)
is
th
e
p
er
tu
r
b
atio
n
f
u
n
ctio
n
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
w
h
ic
h
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
o
s
cillat
o
r
ac
ts
o
n
th
e
f
ir
s
t
o
n
e
[
7
]
,
[
8
]
.
1
.
2
.
Sig
na
l pro
ce
s
s
i
ng
a
nd
s
t
a
t
is
t
ica
l a
na
ly
s
is
T
h
e
s
ig
n
als
w
er
e
f
ir
s
t
in
s
p
ec
ted
v
is
u
all
y
,
f
o
llo
w
ed
b
y
a
u
to
m
ated
ar
ti
f
ac
t
r
e
m
o
v
al
b
y
i
n
t
er
p
o
latio
n
.
Data
f
r
o
m
s
u
b
j
ec
ts
w
h
o
s
e
s
i
g
n
als
h
ad
m
a
n
y
ar
ti
f
ac
ts
w
er
e
d
is
r
eg
ar
d
ed
an
d
n
o
t a
n
al
y
ze
d
.
T
h
e
cr
o
s
s
-
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
in
ter
v
a
ls
w
er
e
esti
m
ated
b
y
s
t
an
d
ar
d
d
ig
ital
f
ilter
i
n
g
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
es,
in
cl
u
d
in
g
a
FIR
f
i
lter
f
o
llo
w
ed
b
y
a
ze
r
o
-
p
h
ase
d
ig
ital
f
ilter
i
n
g
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e
to
en
s
u
r
e
th
a
t
n
o
ti
m
e
o
r
p
h
ase
lag
s
w
er
e
i
n
tr
o
d
u
c
ed
b
y
t
h
e
f
ilter
in
g
.
T
h
e
b
o
u
n
d
ar
ies
o
f
t
h
e
in
ter
v
al
s
ex
tr
ac
ted
f
r
o
m
th
e
E
E
G
s
ig
n
al
w
er
e
δ
=0
.
8
–
4
Hz,
θ
=4
–
7
.
5
Hz,
α
=
7
.
5
–
1
4
Hz,
β
=1
4
–
2
2
Hz
an
d
γ
=2
2
–
1
0
0
Hz;
th
e
in
ter
v
al
ex
tr
ac
ted
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
r
esp
ir
atio
n
s
i
g
n
a
l
w
a
s
r
=0
.
1
4
5
–
0
.
6
Hz;
an
d
th
e
ex
tr
ac
tio
n
o
f
th
e
h
ea
r
t
ac
tiv
it
y
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
E
C
G
s
i
g
n
a
l
w
as
h
=0
.
6
–
2
Hz.
W
av
elet
p
o
w
er
an
d
co
h
er
en
ce
an
al
y
s
es,
to
g
et
h
er
w
it
h
f
u
r
th
e
r
clin
ical
in
ter
p
r
etatio
n
,
w
ill
b
e
p
r
esen
ted
else
w
h
er
e.
Fo
r
th
e
E
E
G
o
s
cillatio
n
s
s
p
ec
ial
ca
r
e
w
a
s
ta
k
e
n
i
n
d
ea
lin
g
w
i
th
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
s
p
illa
g
e
b
et
w
ee
n
i
n
ter
v
als,
h
ea
r
t
ar
ti
f
a
cts
a
n
d
p
o
w
er
li
n
e
ar
tif
ac
ts
[
7
]
,
[
8
]
.
T
h
en
t
h
e
co
u
p
lin
g
b
et
w
ee
n
th
e
s
e
o
b
tain
ed
E
C
G
s
ig
n
al
s
a
n
d
t
h
o
s
e
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
E
E
G
m
ac
h
in
e
is
s
tu
d
ied
an
d
co
m
p
ar
ed
w
it
h
th
e
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
v
alu
es
o
f
v
ar
io
u
s
s
ta
tis
t
ical
p
ar
am
eter
s
,
w
h
ich
ar
e
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
h
ea
lt
h
y
p
er
s
o
n
.
Fo
llo
w
i
n
g
p
ar
a
m
e
ter
s
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
to
s
t
u
d
y
th
e
r
ec
u
r
r
en
ce
p
atter
n
i
n
t
h
e
b
io
m
ed
ical
s
ig
n
al
s
:
a.
Dete
r
m
i
n
is
m
(
DE
T
)
:
T
h
ese
m
ea
s
u
r
es
ar
e
b
ased
o
n
th
e
h
i
s
to
g
r
a
m
P
(
l
)
o
f
d
iag
o
n
a
l
lin
es
o
f
len
g
t
h
l
.
P
r
o
ce
s
s
es
w
it
h
u
n
co
r
r
elate
d
o
r
w
ea
k
l
y
co
r
r
elate
d
,
s
to
ch
ast
ic
o
r
ch
ao
tic
b
eh
av
io
r
ca
u
s
e
n
o
n
e
o
r
v
er
y
s
h
o
r
t
d
iag
o
n
als,
w
h
er
ea
s
d
eter
m
i
n
i
s
tic
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
ca
u
s
e
lo
n
g
er
d
iag
o
n
al
s
an
d
les
s
s
i
n
g
le,
i
s
o
lated
r
ec
u
r
r
en
ce
p
o
in
ts
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
r
atio
o
f
r
ec
u
r
r
en
ce
p
o
in
ts
th
at
f
o
r
m
d
iag
o
n
al
s
tr
u
c
tu
r
es
(
o
f
m
in
i
m
u
m
le
n
g
th
l
m
i
n
)
to
all
r
ec
u
r
r
en
ce
p
o
in
ts
is
i
n
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
as a
m
ea
s
u
r
e
f
o
r
d
eter
m
in
is
m
(
o
r
p
r
ed
ictab
ilit
y
)
o
f
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
:
DE
T
=
∑
(
)
.
∑
(
)
=
1
⁄
b.
A
d
ia
g
o
n
al
li
n
e
o
f
len
g
t
h
l
m
ea
n
s
t
h
at
a
s
e
g
m
e
n
t
o
f
t
h
e
tr
aj
ec
to
r
y
is
r
at
h
er
clo
s
e
d
u
r
in
g
1
ti
m
e
s
tep
to
an
o
th
er
s
e
g
m
en
t
o
f
t
h
e
tr
aj
ec
to
r
y
at
a
d
i
f
f
er
en
t
ti
m
e;
th
u
s
,
t
h
ese
li
n
es
ar
e
r
elate
d
to
t
h
e
d
iv
er
g
e
n
ce
o
f
t
h
e
tr
aj
ec
to
r
y
s
e
g
m
e
n
t
s
.
T
h
e
av
e
r
ag
e
d
iag
o
n
a
l
li
n
e
le
n
g
th
is
th
e
a
v
er
ag
e
t
i
m
e
t
h
at
t
w
o
s
eg
m
e
n
t
s
o
f
th
e
tr
aj
ec
to
r
y
ar
e
clo
s
e
to
ea
ch
o
th
er
,
an
d
ca
n
b
e
in
ter
p
r
eted
as th
e
m
ea
n
p
r
ed
ictio
n
ti
m
e.
[
9
]
[
1
0
]
L=
∑
(
)
.
∑
(
)
.
⁄
c.
Me
asu
r
es
b
ased
o
n
v
er
tical
l
i
n
es
:
T
h
ese
m
ea
s
u
r
es
ar
e
b
as
ed
o
n
th
e
h
is
to
g
r
a
m
P
(
v
)
o
f
v
er
tical
li
n
es
o
f
len
g
th
v
.
T
h
e
r
atio
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
r
ec
u
r
r
en
ce
p
o
in
t
s
f
o
r
m
in
g
th
e
v
er
tical
s
tr
u
c
tu
r
es
a
n
d
t
h
e
en
t
ir
e
s
et
o
f
r
ec
u
r
r
e
n
ce
p
o
in
ts
i
s
ca
lled
la
m
in
ar
it
y
[
1
0
]
,
[
1
1
]
.
L
A
M
=
∑
(
)
.
∑
(
)
=
1
⁄
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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ρ
π
[
1
3
]
,
[
1
4
]
.
T
h
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ad
v
an
tag
e
o
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u
s
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ir
s
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izatio
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t
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s
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ch
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n
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it
allo
w
s
t
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er
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i
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t
h
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d
eg
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o
f
s
y
n
ch
r
o
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iza
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Usi
n
g
t
h
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p
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t
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m
m
a
n
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o
f
M
A
T
L
A
B
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th
i
s
s
y
n
ch
r
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izatio
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n
d
ex
ca
n
b
e
s
h
o
w
n
in
f
o
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m
o
f
g
r
ap
h
s
.
I
f
t
h
e
g
r
ap
h
s
h
o
w
s
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
p
a
tter
n
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it
s
h
o
w
s
h
ig
h
a
m
o
u
n
t
o
f
s
y
n
c
h
r
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n
izat
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b
et
w
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t
h
e
t
w
o
s
i
g
n
als
e
l
s
e
th
e
lo
w
s
y
n
c
h
r
o
n
izat
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n
.
Fo
llo
w
i
n
g
i
s
th
e
d
iag
r
a
m
m
atic
r
ep
r
esen
ta
tio
n
o
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th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
alg
o
r
ith
m
f
o
r
b
etter
v
is
u
aliza
tio
n
an
d
u
n
d
er
s
t
an
d
in
g
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
T
h
e
b
lo
ck
d
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r
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o
f
th
e
p
r
o
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ed
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o
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ith
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f
alg
o
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ith
m
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w
h
o
s
e
b
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ck
d
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r
a
m
is
d
ep
icted
as
Fig
u
r
e
1
,
ca
n
b
e
d
ef
in
ed
as f
o
l
lo
w
s
:
a.
T
h
e
s
ig
n
al
s
f
r
o
m
t
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e
ch
a
n
n
el
s
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f
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E
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m
ac
h
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en
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t
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a
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y
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o
th
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e
u
s
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as a
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i
n
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t.
b.
T
h
e
s
ig
n
al
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f
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t
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ch
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el
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en
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s
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p
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r
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ased
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s
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o
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it
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c.
p
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201
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3
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th
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th
e
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al
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o
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s
y
n
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h
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o
n
izati
o
n
in
d
e
x
,
o
n
e
ca
n
co
m
p
ar
e
t
h
e
s
y
n
ch
r
o
n
is
m
b
et
w
ee
n
b
r
ain
s
ig
n
a
ls
t
h
at
co
n
tr
o
ls
th
e
r
esp
ir
ato
r
y
f
u
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s
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al
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s
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.
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h
is
w
a
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it
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ec
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m
e
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s
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er
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u
n
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ia
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f
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ec
tin
g
it
s
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ctio
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d
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m
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ee
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ed
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h
e
o
n
l
y
p
r
ec
au
t
io
n
w
h
ic
h
m
a
y
b
e
r
e
q
u
ir
ed
in
th
is
e
n
tire
p
r
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ce
s
s
is
co
r
r
ec
t
p
lace
m
en
t
o
f
E
E
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elec
tr
o
d
e,
o
n
l
y
at
th
a
t
p
o
s
itio
n
o
f
b
r
ain
,
w
h
ic
h
co
n
tr
o
ls
th
e
r
esp
ir
ato
r
y
s
ig
n
al
s
.
T
h
e
ap
p
ea
lin
g
f
ac
to
r
o
f
th
is
al
g
o
r
ith
m
is
t
h
at
it
is
v
er
y
s
i
m
p
le
an
d
th
e
m
et
h
o
d
d
ev
elo
p
ed
u
s
in
g
t
h
is
alg
o
r
ith
m
w
ill
b
e
a
u
n
i
v
er
s
al
m
et
h
o
d
w
h
ich
w
ill
b
e
h
elp
f
u
l
i
n
s
tu
d
y
i
n
g
,
d
etec
t
in
g
o
r
d
iag
n
o
s
in
g
a
ll
t
h
o
s
e
n
eu
r
o
lo
g
ica
l d
is
o
r
d
er
s
,
th
at
m
an
i
f
est t
h
e
m
s
el
v
es i
n
to
ch
a
n
g
e
s
in
t
h
e
p
atter
n
o
f
E
E
G
s
i
g
n
als
.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
th
is
alg
o
r
it
h
m
m
a
y
b
e
u
s
ed
f
o
r
d
etec
tin
g
d
is
ea
s
e
s
w
h
ic
h
m
an
i
f
e
s
t
th
e
m
s
el
v
es
i
n
ch
a
n
g
es
in
E
C
G
an
d
E
MG
s
i
g
n
als
al
s
o
,
w
it
h
s
lig
h
t
c
h
a
n
g
e
s
.
So
,
i
n
a
w
a
y
t
h
i
s
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
alg
o
r
ith
m
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
as
a
b
asic f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
w
h
ic
h
w
i
ll p
av
e
t
h
e
w
a
y
f
o
r
s
tu
d
y
i
n
g
,
a
n
d
d
iag
n
o
s
i
n
g
d
is
ea
s
es t
h
at
m
a
n
i
f
est t
h
e
m
s
el
v
es i
n
to
s
o
m
e
f
o
r
m
o
f
b
io
m
ed
ical
s
ig
n
als,
lik
e
E
C
G
a
n
d
E
MG
s
ig
n
a
ls
.
No
w
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
alg
o
r
ith
m
is
co
m
p
r
ed
w
it
h
th
e
o
th
er
m
eth
o
d
s
m
en
tio
n
ed
ab
o
v
e,
as f
o
llo
w
s
:
a.
Co
m
pa
riso
n
w
it
h
t
he
Dec
o
m
po
s
it
io
n
M
o
del:
Dec
o
m
p
o
s
itio
n
m
o
d
el
m
ain
l
y
f
o
cu
s
e
s
o
n
f
i
n
d
in
g
th
e
s
y
n
ch
r
o
n
is
m
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
t
w
o
o
r
m
o
r
e
s
ig
n
a
ls
u
s
in
g
t
h
e
p
h
ase
,
as
a
p
ar
am
eter
.
No
w
t
h
e
p
r
o
b
lem
w
it
h
th
i
s
m
et
h
o
d
is
th
at
p
h
ase
d
ec
o
m
p
o
s
itio
n
tech
n
iq
u
e
s
ar
e
co
m
p
le
x
an
d
o
f
ten
r
eq
u
ir
e
ass
o
ciate
d
cir
cu
itr
y
w
h
ic
h
in
cr
ea
s
es
th
e
o
v
er
all
co
s
t
o
f
th
e
d
ev
ice
o
r
th
e
m
ac
h
in
e
w
h
ic
h
w
ill
u
s
e
t
h
e
alg
o
r
it
h
m
b
ased
o
n
t
h
i
s
m
o
d
el.
C
o
n
tr
ar
y
to
th
is
,
t
h
e
al
g
o
r
ith
h
e
m
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
in
t
h
is
p
ap
er
,
w
ill
f
i
n
d
t
h
e
s
y
n
ch
r
o
n
is
m
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
t
w
o
s
ig
n
al
s
b
y
u
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
s
i
m
p
le
m
ath
e
m
atica
l
co
n
ce
p
t
o
f
r
ec
u
r
r
en
ce
s
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
i
m
p
l
y
u
s
es
t
h
e
g
en
er
alize
d
f
o
r
m
u
la
o
f
“
Sy
nc
hro
niza
t
io
n
I
nd
e
x
(
ρ
π
)
”
.
T
h
is
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
en
s
u
r
es
t
h
at
n
o
ad
d
itio
n
al
cir
c
u
itr
y
is
in
v
o
lv
ed
as
t
h
er
e
is
n
o
n
ee
d
to
ex
tr
ac
t
an
y
p
h
ase
r
elate
d
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
s
i
g
n
al.
S
o
th
is
m
et
h
o
d
is
co
s
t e
f
f
ec
ti
v
e
an
d
s
i
m
p
le.
b.
Co
m
pa
riso
n
w
it
h
m
o
del
ba
s
ed
o
n
s
ig
na
l
pro
ce
s
s
i
ng
a
nd
s
t
a
t
is
t
ica
l
a
na
ly
s
is
:
T
h
e
v
ar
i
o
u
s
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
w
h
ic
h
u
s
e
s
i
g
n
al
p
r
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ce
s
s
i
n
g
m
et
h
o
d
s
g
e
n
er
all
y
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s
e
t
h
e
al
g
o
r
ith
m
s
lik
e
KNN
al
g
o
r
ith
m
etc.
[
1
5
]
,
[
1
6
]
.
T
h
ese
alg
o
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it
h
m
s
ar
e
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er
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ap
p
licatio
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o
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e
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o
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o
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n
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lz
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er
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n
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e
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ee
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s
to
b
e
d
o
n
e
i
n
s
o
u
r
ce
co
d
e
an
d
s
o
u
r
ce
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
.
B
u
t
i
f
w
e
u
s
e
th
e
s
y
n
ch
r
o
n
izatio
n
in
d
e
x
as
a
p
ar
a
m
eter
to
f
in
d
t
h
e
n
e
u
r
o
lo
g
ical
d
is
o
r
d
er
,
it
w
ill
s
er
v
e
as
a
u
n
i
f
o
r
m
a
n
d
g
en
er
alize
d
m
et
h
o
d
,
w
h
ic
h
ca
n
b
e
u
se
d
to
d
etec
t
an
y
n
e
u
r
o
lo
g
ical
d
is
o
r
d
er
th
at
m
a
n
i
f
est
its
e
lf
in
t
h
e
s
y
n
ch
r
o
n
izatio
n
o
f
s
i
g
n
a
ls
.
Si
m
ilar
l
y
,
if
w
e
co
m
p
ar
e
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
alg
o
r
ith
m
w
it
h
m
et
h
o
d
s
b
ased
o
n
s
tatis
t
ical
a
n
al
y
s
is
,
w
e
w
ill
s
e
e
th
at
m
et
h
o
d
s
b
ased
o
n
s
ta
tis
tical
a
n
al
y
s
i
s
u
s
e
v
ar
io
u
s
p
ar
am
eter
s
li
k
e
d
eter
m
in
i
s
m
,
la
m
in
ar
it
y
etc
to
d
eter
m
i
n
e
s
y
n
ch
r
o
n
is
m
,
w
h
il
e
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
alg
o
r
ith
m
o
n
l
y
u
s
e
s
a
s
in
g
le
p
ar
am
eter
“s
y
n
c
h
r
o
n
izatio
n
I
n
d
ex
”,
s
o
o
b
v
io
u
s
l
y
th
e
latter
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
is
s
i
m
p
ler
as
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
th
e
f
o
r
m
e
r
o
n
e.
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S
A
ND
AN
AL
Y
SI
S
Si
m
p
lici
t
y
a
n
d
r
o
b
u
s
tn
es
s
is
t
h
e
cr
u
x
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
alg
o
r
ith
m
.
Fro
m
t
h
e
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
d
o
n
e
in
t
h
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
s
ec
tio
n
w
e
ca
n
ea
s
il
y
m
ak
e
o
u
t
t
h
at
t
h
is
alg
o
r
it
h
m
h
as
a
g
e
n
er
alize
d
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
in
d
eter
m
in
i
n
g
a
n
y
d
is
o
r
d
er
w
h
ich
m
an
i
f
e
s
ts
its
e
l
f
i
n
an
y
k
i
n
d
o
f
s
y
n
ch
r
o
n
is
m
in
b
io
m
ed
ical
s
ig
n
al
s
.
Si
n
ce
t
h
e
al
g
o
r
ith
m
h
a
s
a
g
en
er
alize
d
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
to
w
ar
d
s
an
y
k
in
d
n
e
u
r
o
lo
g
ical
d
is
o
r
d
er
,
th
e
p
r
o
g
r
am
w
h
ich
w
i
ll
b
e
d
ev
elo
p
ed
b
ased
o
n
th
i
s
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
f
o
r
d
etec
tin
g
an
y
k
i
n
d
o
f
n
e
u
r
o
lo
g
ical
d
is
ea
s
e
t
h
at
m
an
if
e
s
ts
it
s
el
f
i
n
s
y
n
ch
r
o
n
izatio
n
b
et
w
ee
n
s
i
g
n
als.
4.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
is
alg
o
r
it
h
m
i
s
s
i
m
p
le
a
n
d
w
it
h
s
li
g
h
t c
h
an
g
es,
it c
a
n
b
e
ap
p
lied
to
d
iag
n
o
s
e
d
i
f
f
er
e
n
t
n
eu
r
o
lo
g
ical
d
is
o
r
d
er
s
lik
e
ep
ilep
s
y
,
alzh
ei
m
er
’
s
d
is
ea
s
e,
p
ar
k
i
n
s
o
n
’
s
s
y
n
d
r
o
m
e
etc,
s
in
ce
m
o
s
t
o
f
th
e
n
eu
r
o
lo
g
ica
l
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NC
E
S
[1
]
A
.
Ba
h
ra
m
in
a
sa
b
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
Dire
c
ti
o
n
o
f
Co
u
p
li
n
g
f
ro
m
P
h
a
se
s
o
f
In
tera
c
ti
n
g
Os
c
il
lato
rs:
A
P
e
r
m
u
tatio
n
I
n
f
o
rm
a
ti
o
n
A
p
p
ro
a
c
h
,
”
Ph
y
sic
a
l
Rev
iew L
e
tt
e
rs
,
v
o
l.
1
0
0
,
2
0
0
8
.
[2
]
A
.
G
ro
th
,
“
Visu
a
li
z
a
ti
o
n
o
f
c
o
u
p
l
in
g
in
t
im
e
se
rie
s b
y
o
rd
e
r
re
c
u
rre
n
c
e
p
lo
ts
,
”
Ph
y
sic
a
l
Rev
iew
,
v
o
l.
72,
2
0
0
5
.
[3
]
A
.
P
ik
o
v
sk
y
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
S
y
n
c
h
ro
n
iza
ti
o
n
-
A
Un
iv
e
r
sa
l
Co
n
c
e
p
t
in
N
o
n
li
n
e
a
r
S
c
ien
c
e
s,
”
Ca
m
b
rid
g
e
U
n
iv
e
rsity
P
re
ss
,
Ca
m
b
rid
g
e
,
En
g
lan
d
,
2
0
0
1
.
[4
]
A
.
S
tefa
n
o
v
sk
a
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
Re
v
e
rsib
le T
ra
n
siti
o
n
s b
e
tw
e
e
n
S
y
n
c
h
ro
n
iza
ti
o
n
S
tate
s o
f
th
e
Ca
rd
i
o
re
sp
irat
o
ry
s
y
ste
m
.”
[5
]
“
S
a
c
re
d
He
a
rt
He
a
lt
h
Ca
re
S
y
ste
m
,
Am
b
u
lato
ry
El
e
c
tro
e
n
c
e
p
h
a
lo
g
ra
p
h
y
(EE
G
)
,”
C
a
rd
io
re
sp
ira
to
ry
S
y
ste
m
Ph
y
s.
Rev
.
L
e
tt
.
,
v
o
l
.
85
,
p
p
.
4
8
3
1
,
2
0
0
0
.
[6
]
M
.
Nik
n
a
z
a
r,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
A
Ne
w
F
ra
m
e
w
o
rk
Ba
s
e
d
o
n
Re
c
u
rre
n
c
e
Qu
a
n
ti
f
ica
ti
o
n
A
n
a
ly
sis
f
o
r
Ep
il
e
p
ti
c
S
e
izu
re
De
tec
ti
o
n
,”
IEE
E
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
B
io
me
d
ica
l
a
n
d
He
a
lt
h
I
n
f
o
rm
a
ti
c
s
,
v
o
l/
issu
e
:
1
7
(3
)
,
2
0
1
3
.
[7
]
J.
En
g
e
l,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
E
p
il
e
p
sy
:
A
Co
m
p
re
h
e
n
siv
e
T
e
x
tb
o
o
k
,”
L
ip
p
in
c
o
t
t
W
il
li
a
m
s &
W
il
k
in
s,
2
0
0
7
.
[8
]
B.
L
it
t,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
T
ra
n
sla
ti
n
g
S
e
izu
re
De
tec
ti
o
n
,
P
re
d
ictio
n
a
n
d
Bra
in
S
ti
m
u
latio
n
In
t
o
Im
p
lan
ta
b
le
De
v
ice
s
f
o
r
Ep
il
e
p
sy
,”
i
n
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
Pro
c
e
e
d
in
g
s
in
th
e
1
st
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
IE
E
E
EM
BS
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
Ne
u
ra
l
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
,
p
p
.
485
–
4
8
8
,
2
0
0
3
.
[9
]
B.
L
it
t
a
n
d
K.
Leh
n
e
rtz
,
“
S
e
izu
re
P
re
d
icti
o
n
a
n
d
th
e
P
re
se
izu
re
P
e
rio
d
,”
Cu
rr
e
n
t
Op
i
n
i
o
n
in
Ne
u
r
o
l
o
g
y
,
v
o
l/
issu
e
:
1
5
(
2
)
,
p
p
.
1
7
3
–
1
7
7
,
2
0
0
2
.
[1
0
]
S.
S
a
n
e
i
a
n
d
J.
Ch
a
m
b
e
rs
,
“
EE
G
S
ig
n
a
l
P
ro
c
e
ss
in
g
,”
W
il
e
y
-
In
ters
c
ien
c
e
,
2
0
0
7
.
[1
1
]
B.
S
c
h
e
lt
e
r,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
Do
F
a
lse
P
r
e
d
ictio
n
s
o
f
S
e
izu
re
s
De
p
e
n
d
o
n
t
h
e
S
tate
o
f
V
ig
il
a
n
c
e
?
”
Ep
il
e
p
sia
,
v
o
l
/i
ss
u
e
:
4
7
(
1
2
)
,
p
p
.
2
0
5
8
-
2
0
7
0
,
2
0
0
6
.
[1
2
]
R.
S
c
h
u
y
ler,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
Ep
il
e
p
ti
c
S
e
izu
re
De
tec
ti
o
n
,”
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
in
M
e
d
icin
e
a
n
d
Bi
o
l
o
g
y
M
a
g
a
zi
n
e
,
I
EE
E,
v
o
l/
iss
u
e
:
2
6
(
2
)
,
p
p
.
74
–
8
1
,
2
0
0
7
.
[1
3
]
B.
S
h
n
e
k
e
r
a
n
d
N.
F
o
u
n
tai
n
,
“
Ep
i
lep
sy
,”
Dis
e
a
se
-
a
-
M
o
n
th
,
v
o
l/
issu
e
:
4
9
(
7
)
,
p
p
.
4
2
6
–
4
7
8
,
2
0
0
3
.
[1
4
]
M
.
W
in
terh
a
ld
e
r,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
T
h
e
se
iz
u
re
p
re
d
icti
o
n
c
h
a
ra
c
teristic:
a
g
e
n
e
ra
l
f
ra
m
e
w
o
rk
to
a
ss
e
ss
m
a
n
d
c
o
m
p
a
re
se
i
z
u
re
p
re
d
ictio
n
m
e
th
o
d
s
,”
E
p
il
e
p
sy
a
n
d
Beh
a
v
io
r
,
2
0
0
3
.
[1
5
]
M
.
H
.
D
.
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
i,
“
I
m
p
ro
v
e
d
De
n
o
isi
n
g
M
e
th
o
d
f
o
r
Ultras
o
n
ic
Ech
o
w
it
h
M
o
t
h
e
r
W
a
v
e
l
e
t
Op
ti
m
iza
ti
o
n
a
n
d
b
e
st b
a
sis se
lec
ti
o
n
,
”
IJ
ECE
,
v
ol
/i
ss
u
e
:
6
(
6
)
,
2
0
1
6
.
[1
6
]
N
.
M
o
h
a
n
,
“
M
o
d
if
ied
V
a
riatio
n
a
l
M
o
d
e
De
c
o
m
p
o
siti
o
n
F
o
r
P
o
w
e
r
L
in
e
In
terf
e
re
n
c
e
Re
m
o
v
a
l
in
ECG
S
ig
n
a
ls
,
”
IJ
ECE
,
v
ol
/i
ss
u
e
:
6
(
1
)
,
2
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