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I
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6
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Dec
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2
0
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6
3
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4
1
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es
u
lt
i
n
a
ch
an
g
e
in
th
e
o
r
ien
tatio
n
o
f
th
e
ir
is
r
elati
v
e
t
o
th
e
co
r
n
ea
d
u
e
to
ex
ce
s
s
i
v
e
f
o
r
ce
o
n
co
r
n
ea
[
4
]
.
Hen
ce
t
h
e
g
la
u
co
m
a
test
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
es
s
h
o
u
ld
li
m
it
t
h
e
f
o
r
c
e
o
n
t
h
e
co
r
n
ea
s
o
t
h
at
th
e
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
e
n
t
s
ar
e
a
s
ac
cu
r
ate
as p
o
s
s
ib
le
w
it
h
m
in
i
m
u
m
o
r
n
o
d
a
m
a
g
e.
Dif
f
er
en
t
t
y
p
es
o
f
ap
p
lan
atio
n
an
d
i
n
d
en
tat
io
n
to
n
o
m
eter
s
ar
e
ex
is
ti
n
g
i
n
th
e
m
ar
k
et
t
o
m
ea
s
u
r
e
th
e
I
OP
o
f
t
h
e
e
y
e.
I
n
ap
p
la
n
atio
n
to
n
o
m
e
ter
s
[
3
]
,
w
h
e
n
a
f
lat
s
u
r
f
ac
e
is
p
r
ess
ed
ag
ain
s
t
t
h
e
co
r
n
ea
,
th
e
p
r
ess
u
r
e
in
th
e
e
y
e
m
a
y
b
e
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
b
y
t
h
e
f
o
r
ce
ap
p
li
ed
to
th
e
p
lan
e
a
n
d
th
e
ar
ea
o
f
co
n
tact
b
et
w
ee
n
th
e
p
lan
e
an
d
t
h
e
co
r
n
ea
.
W
ith
t
h
e
g
o
ld
e
n
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
m
e
th
o
d
Go
ld
m
an
n
ap
p
lan
a
tio
n
t
o
n
o
m
eter
,
t
h
e
f
o
r
ce
r
eq
u
ir
ed
to
estab
lis
h
a
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
ar
ea
o
f
co
n
tact
o
f
f
lat
ten
i
n
g
o
f
t
h
e
i
n
n
er
co
r
n
ea
l
ar
ea
o
f
7
.
3
5
m
m
2
,
w
h
ic
h
m
a
k
es t
h
e
d
ia
m
eter
o
f
t
h
e
ex
ter
n
al
ar
ea
o
f
co
r
n
ea
l a
p
p
lan
atio
n
to
b
e
3
.
0
6
m
m
,
i
s
m
e
asu
r
ed
.
Ma
j
zo
u
b
U
[
5
]
d
escr
ib
es
th
e
a
m
o
u
n
t
o
f
d
is
p
lace
m
en
t
o
f
f
l
u
id
in
i
n
d
en
tatio
n
to
n
o
m
ete
r
is
lar
g
er
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
t
h
e
ap
p
lan
atio
n
to
n
o
m
eter
d
esp
ite
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
t
h
e
m
ea
s
u
r
es
to
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
a
m
o
u
n
t
o
f
d
ef
o
r
m
atio
n
o
f
t
h
e
co
r
n
ea
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
ap
p
licatio
n
o
f
f
o
r
ce
o
n
th
e
co
r
n
ea
.
Sto
ck
er
[
6
]
claim
s
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
to
n
o
m
etr
y
test
w
h
e
n
t
h
e
weig
h
t o
f
2
2
-
2
6
.
5
g
m
is
ap
p
lied
o
n
th
e
s
u
r
f
ac
e
o
f
th
e
co
r
n
ea
,
w
h
ic
h
m
a
y
r
e
s
u
l
t in
f
l
u
id
b
ein
g
f
o
r
ce
d
o
u
t
o
f
th
e
an
ter
io
r
ch
a
m
b
er
an
g
le
at
an
i
n
cr
ea
s
ed
r
ate.
Hen
ce
th
e
r
ea
d
in
g
s
w
ill
b
e
af
f
ec
ted
.
I
s
h
i
g
u
r
o
et
al
.
,
[
7
]
claim
s
th
at
it
w
ill
b
e
d
if
f
ic
u
lt
to
co
n
ti
n
u
o
u
s
l
y
p
r
ess
t
h
e
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
co
r
n
ea
in
I
n
d
en
tatio
n
g
o
n
io
s
co
p
y
to
en
lar
g
e
t
h
e
an
g
l
e
p
o
r
tio
n
.
T
h
is
m
et
h
o
d
w
i
ll a
ls
o
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
m
u
ch
p
ai
n
to
th
e
s
u
b
j
ec
t.
T
h
e
h
u
m
an
e
y
e
m
o
d
el
is
d
es
i
g
n
ed
u
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
C
OM
SO
L
M
u
ltip
h
y
s
ics
s
i
m
u
latio
n
to
o
l
an
d
th
e
d
esi
g
n
is
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
r
ef
er
r
i
n
g
to
t
h
e
j
o
u
r
n
als
[
8
-
1
8
]
an
d
b
a
s
ed
o
n
th
e
s
t
u
d
y
a
u
t
h
o
r
s
h
av
e
ap
p
lie
d
v
ar
io
u
s
b
o
u
n
d
ar
y
co
n
d
itio
n
s
a
n
d
co
n
s
tr
ai
n
ts
o
n
th
e
m
o
d
el.
I
m
a
g
es
ar
e
r
ec
o
r
d
ed
b
y
C
o
r
v
i
s
to
n
o
m
eter
[
1
9
]
en
ab
le
to
d
eter
m
i
n
e
th
e
b
io
m
ec
h
a
n
ical
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
o
f
th
e
e
y
e.
T
h
e
a
m
p
lit
u
d
e
o
f
d
ef
o
r
m
atio
n
,
as
w
ell
as
t
h
e
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
o
f
v
ib
r
atio
n
o
f
th
e
e
y
e,
ar
e
al
s
o
r
ec
o
r
d
ed
.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
p
r
esen
t
s
an
alg
o
r
it
h
m
f
o
r
i
m
a
g
e
a
n
al
y
s
i
s
f
o
r
th
e
s
ep
ar
atio
n
o
f
e
y
eb
all
r
ea
ctio
n
f
r
o
m
th
e
d
e
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
f
th
e
co
r
n
ea
d
u
r
i
n
g
t
h
e
ap
p
li
ca
tio
n
o
f
f
o
r
ce
o
n
t
h
e
co
r
n
ea
.
I
n
f
r
ar
ed
lig
h
t
i
s
a
n
in
cid
en
t o
n
t
h
e
co
r
n
ea
an
d
t
h
e
r
ef
lecte
d
li
g
h
t
is
ca
p
tu
r
ed
b
y
t
h
e
h
ig
h
-
s
p
ee
d
ca
m
er
a
to
a
n
al
y
ze
th
e
d
ef
o
r
m
atio
n
o
f
th
e
co
r
n
ea
d
u
r
i
n
g
th
e
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
e
n
t
o
f
I
OP
in
air
p
u
f
f
to
n
o
m
eter
[
2
0
]
.
I
n
s
ch
io
tz
to
n
o
m
eter
[
2
1
]
,
b
en
d
in
g
f
o
r
ce
o
n
t
h
e
p
lu
n
g
er
w
as
a
n
al
y
ze
d
ag
ai
n
s
t
t
h
e
i
n
d
en
tati
o
n
d
ep
th
.
T
h
e
a
u
t
h
o
r
co
n
cl
u
d
es
t
h
at
f
o
r
ce
o
n
th
e
p
l
u
n
g
e
r
a
n
d
h
e
n
c
e
t
h
e
r
e
s
i
s
t
a
n
c
e
o
f
t
h
e
c
o
r
n
e
a
t
o
i
n
d
e
n
t
a
t
i
o
n
d
e
c
a
y
s
w
i
t
h
t
i
m
e
a
n
d
w
as
a
l
s
o
m
e
a
s
u
r
e
d
b
y
t
h
e
a
u
t
h
o
r
.
T
h
e
a
u
t
h
o
r
[
2
2
]
Oo
i
et
al.
,
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
s
a
b
o
u
n
d
a
r
y
e
l
e
m
e
n
t
m
o
d
e
l
o
f
h
u
m
a
n
e
y
e
f
o
r
a
n
a
l
y
z
i
n
g
t
h
e
t
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
e
c
h
a
n
g
e
s
d
u
r
i
n
g
t
h
e
t
r
e
a
t
m
e
n
t
o
f
l
a
s
e
r
t
h
e
r
m
o
k
e
r
a
t
o
p
l
a
s
t
y
a
n
d
i
s
m
o
d
elled
u
s
in
g
B
ee
r
-
L
a
m
b
er
t
la
w
.
T
h
e
i
n
tr
ao
cu
lar
p
r
ess
u
r
e
o
f
e
y
e
is
d
eter
m
in
ed
b
y
Ke
m
p
f
et
a
l.,
[
2
3
]
in
n
o
n
-
co
n
tact
to
n
o
m
etr
y
m
et
h
o
d
b
y
esti
m
ati
n
g
th
e
ti
m
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
f
o
r
th
e
d
e
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
f
e
y
e
f
o
r
a
s
h
o
r
t
air
p
u
ls
e.
Hig
h
s
p
ee
d
ca
m
er
a
is
u
s
ed
to
r
ec
o
r
d
th
e
m
o
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
e
y
e
a
n
d
s
tep
r
i
s
e
i
n
d
i
s
p
lace
m
e
n
t
is
o
b
tain
ed
b
y
a
s
s
u
m
i
n
g
t
h
e
n
o
n
lin
ea
r
p
r
o
p
er
ties
o
f
h
u
m
a
n
e
y
e.
T
h
e
au
th
o
r
Y
.
K
u
ri
t
a
e
t
a
l
.
[
2
4
]
in
v
es
t
ig
at
es
th
e
ey
e
s
tif
f
n
ess
o
f
d
if
f
e
r
en
t
s
u
b
je
c
ts
w
ith
n
o
n
in
v
as
iv
e
a
p
p
r
o
a
c
h
t
o
u
n
d
e
r
s
t
an
d
t
h
e
r
o
le
o
f
s
t
if
f
n
es
s
in
th
e
m
e
asu
r
em
en
t
o
f
I
O
P d
u
r
i
n
g
G
o
l
d
m
an
n
a
p
p
l
a
n
at
i
o
n
t
o
n
o
m
et
r
y
m
e
th
o
d
.
T
h
e
au
th
o
r
Fr
ie
d
m
a
n
e
t
a
l
.
[
2
5
]
in
c
lu
d
es
a
s
y
s
t
em
f
o
r
f
in
d
in
g
th
e
b
i
o
m
ec
h
a
n
i
c
a
l
p
r
o
p
e
r
t
i
e
s
o
f
c
o
r
n
ea
l
t
i
s
s
u
e
.
I
t
in
c
lu
d
es
a
l
ig
h
t
s
o
u
r
c
e
a
n
d
a
m
i
c
r
o
s
c
o
p
y
s
y
s
tem
t
o
s
c
an
th
e
c
o
r
n
e
a
l
ti
s
s
u
e
.
T
h
e
s
c
a
tt
e
r
e
d
l
ig
h
t
i
s
f
il
t
e
r
e
d
an
d
h
en
c
e
th
r
e
e
-
d
im
en
s
i
o
n
a
l
p
r
o
f
i
l
e
in
d
i
c
a
t
es
b
i
o
m
e
ch
an
i
c
al
p
r
o
p
e
r
t
i
es
o
f
c
o
r
n
e
al
t
is
s
u
e
.
T
o
m
ea
s
u
r
e
I
OP
,
a
lar
g
e
s
e
r
ies
o
f
b
o
t
h
i
n
v
a
s
i
v
e
an
d
n
o
n
-
in
v
asi
v
e
to
n
o
m
e
ter
s
ar
e
a
v
ailab
le
in
th
e
m
ar
k
et.
T
h
e
m
ag
n
it
u
d
e
o
f
d
ef
o
r
m
a
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
co
r
n
ea
d
u
r
in
g
t
h
e
to
n
o
m
etr
y
tes
t
an
d
g
o
n
io
s
co
p
y
d
ep
en
d
s
u
p
o
n
th
e
ar
ea
o
f
co
n
tact.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
o
f
v
ar
io
u
s
test
s
an
d
th
e
liter
atu
r
e
[
1
6
-
2
0
]
r
ev
ea
led
t
h
at
th
e
a
m
o
u
n
t
o
f
d
ef
o
r
m
atio
n
o
f
th
e
co
r
n
ea
d
u
r
in
g
a
n
y
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
to
n
o
m
etr
y
te
s
t
w
ill
v
ar
y
i
n
th
e
r
an
g
e
f
r
o
m
0
.
1
m
m
to
3
m
m
.
I
n
t
h
is
w
o
r
k
,
s
i
m
u
latio
n
is
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
o
n
th
e
d
esi
g
n
ed
e
y
e
m
o
d
el
u
s
in
g
FEM
b
ased
s
i
m
u
latio
n
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
to
q
u
an
ti
f
y
t
h
e
f
o
r
ce
o
n
co
r
n
ea
r
eq
u
ir
ed
to
d
ef
o
r
m
th
e
co
r
n
e
a
f
r
o
m
0
.
5
m
m
-
3
m
m
.
T
h
e
p
r
esen
t
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I
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u
r
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4
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m
o
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el.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
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lec
&
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m
p
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g
I
SS
N:
2
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F
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5
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t
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v
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a
at
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e
ce
n
ter
o
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th
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co
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.
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
T
etr
ah
ed
r
al
m
es
h
o
f
e
y
e
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
Stre
s
s
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
with
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n
e
y
e
2
.
2
.
Det
er
m
i
na
t
io
n o
f
f
o
rc
e
f
o
r
t
he
predet
er
m
i
ned di
s
pla
ce
m
e
nt
o
f
t
he
co
rnea
:
Dif
f
er
en
t
t
y
p
es
o
f
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eter
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d
g
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ar
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ar
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eter
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ter
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n
io
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v
e
r
th
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r
f
ac
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o
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t
h
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co
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T
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r
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ef
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r
m
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m
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co
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d
u
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ap
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licatio
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f
o
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ce
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SS
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10
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d
ar
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h
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s
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th
e
m
a
x
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f
o
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ex
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lied
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t
h
e
t
h
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s
s
o
f
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co
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(
C
C
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)
an
d
I
n
tr
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cu
la
r
P
r
ess
u
r
e
(
I
OP
)
o
f
t
h
e
e
y
e.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
i
s
ca
r
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o
u
t a
t c
o
n
s
ta
n
t I
OP
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f
2
2
m
m
Hg
an
d
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o
f
t
h
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co
r
n
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is
co
n
s
id
er
ed
to
b
e
0
.
5
m
m
(
f
o
r
a
n
o
r
m
al
e
y
e)
.
2
.
2
.
1
.
F
o
rc
e
o
n t
he
co
rnea
f
o
r
po
int
co
nta
ct
o
f
t
o
no
m
et
er
Her
e,
th
e
clas
s
o
f
to
n
o
m
eter
m
ak
e
s
p
o
in
t
co
n
tact
w
it
h
t
h
e
s
u
r
f
ac
e
o
f
th
e
co
r
n
ea
.
T
h
e
to
n
o
m
eter
i
n
th
e
m
o
d
e
o
f
p
o
in
t
co
n
tact
w
it
h
t
h
e
co
r
n
ea
i
s
at
th
e
ce
n
ter
o
f
t
h
e
co
r
n
ea
.
T
h
e
o
u
ter
a
n
d
t
h
e
i
n
n
er
s
u
r
f
ac
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o
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at
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ce
n
ter
ar
e
b
o
u
n
d
ed
b
y
t
h
e
p
r
escr
ib
ed
d
is
p
lace
m
en
t
o
f
U
x
=
v
ar
iab
le
alo
n
g
X
-
d
ir
ec
tio
n
.
T
h
e
f
o
r
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o
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th
e
co
r
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ea
f
o
r
t
h
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p
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escr
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ed
d
is
p
lace
m
e
n
t
(
0
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5
m
m
-
3
m
m
)
f
o
r
p
o
in
t
co
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tact
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m
eter
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ce
n
ter
o
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th
e
co
r
n
ea
alo
n
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X
-
d
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ec
tio
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i
s
in
v
esti
g
ated
u
s
i
n
g
l
in
ea
r
s
t
a
t
io
n
ar
y
s
o
l
v
er
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
.
2
.
2
.
2
.
F
o
rc
e
o
n t
he
co
rnea
f
o
r
bo
un
da
ry
la
y
er
co
nta
ct
o
f
t
o
no
m
et
er
o
r
g
o
nio
lens
T
h
e
class
o
f
to
n
o
m
eter
co
n
s
i
d
er
ed
is
in
th
e
f
o
r
m
o
f
a
b
o
u
n
d
ar
y
la
y
er
o
f
0
.
0
2
m
m
t
h
ic
k
n
e
s
s
a
n
d
a
0
.
5
m
m
r
ad
i
u
s
s
p
r
ea
d
u
n
i
f
o
r
m
l
y
o
v
er
th
e
ce
n
ter
o
f
th
e
co
r
n
ea
.
T
h
e
m
ater
ial
p
r
o
p
er
t
y
as
s
ig
n
ed
f
o
r
th
e
o
p
tic
len
s
p
lace
d
w
i
th
i
n
t
h
e
to
n
o
m
eter
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a
cr
o
w
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g
la
s
s
o
f
a
r
e
f
r
ac
tiv
e
in
d
e
x
o
f
1
.
5
2
an
d
is
o
f
lo
w
d
is
p
er
s
io
n
.
T
h
e
f
o
r
ce
o
n
co
r
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r
esp
o
n
s
ib
le
f
o
r
th
e
p
r
escr
ib
ed
d
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lace
m
en
t
(
0
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5
m
m
-
3
m
m
)
o
f
th
e
b
o
u
n
d
ar
y
la
y
er
co
n
tact
o
f
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n
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m
eter
o
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io
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alo
n
g
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i
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al
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u
s
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n
g
li
n
ea
r
s
tat
io
n
ar
y
s
o
lv
er
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
.
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N:
T
h
e
ap
p
lan
atio
n
/i
n
d
en
tat
io
n
t
o
n
o
m
eter
a
n
d
g
o
n
io
s
co
p
y
r
esu
lt
s
i
n
th
e
d
ef
o
r
m
a
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
co
r
n
e
a
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
g
lau
co
m
a
test
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e.
T
h
e
in
n
o
v
atio
n
o
f
n
e
w
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
to
m
ea
s
u
r
e
e
y
e
p
r
ess
u
r
e
(
to
n
o
m
eter
)
w
o
r
k
s
o
n
a
v
ar
iab
le
ar
ea
o
f
ap
p
lan
atio
n
o
r
v
ar
iab
le
f
o
r
ce
o
f
th
e
ap
p
lan
at
io
n
p
r
in
cip
le.
An
y
o
f
t
h
ese
t
w
o
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies
m
u
s
t
n
o
t
d
ef
o
r
m
t
h
e
co
r
n
ea
ab
o
v
e
t
h
e
p
r
escr
ib
ed
li
m
it.
S
i
m
ilar
l
y
,
d
u
r
i
n
g
th
e
g
o
n
io
s
co
p
y
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e,
r
o
tatio
n
o
f
th
e
g
o
n
io
len
s
m
u
s
t
n
o
t
d
i
s
tu
r
b
t
h
e
n
o
r
m
al
f
u
n
ctio
n
in
g
o
f
t
h
e
e
y
e.
T
h
e
e
x
ce
s
s
iv
e
f
o
r
ce
o
n
th
e
co
r
n
ea
m
a
y
d
a
m
a
g
e
t
h
e
in
ter
n
al
p
ar
ts
o
f
t
h
e
e
y
e.
H
en
ce
n
e
w
in
n
o
v
at
iv
e
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
to
m
ea
s
u
r
e
I
OP
(
to
n
o
m
eter
p
r
o
to
ty
p
e)
o
r
g
o
n
i
o
s
co
p
y
s
h
o
u
ld
m
o
n
i
to
r
th
e
a
m
o
u
n
t
o
f
f
o
r
ce
to
d
ef
o
r
m
t
h
e
co
r
n
ea
.
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
i
s
f
o
cu
s
s
ed
o
n
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
t
y
p
e
s
o
f
to
n
o
m
eter
s
an
d
g
o
n
io
len
s
w
h
ich
r
esu
l
ts
in
v
ar
y
i
n
g
d
ef
o
r
m
a
tio
n
o
f
th
e
co
r
n
ea
f
r
o
m
0
.
5
m
m
—
3
m
m
a
n
d
h
e
n
c
e
f
o
r
ce
r
eq
u
ir
ed
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
th
e
s
p
ec
if
ied
d
ef
o
r
m
a
tio
n
o
f
th
e
co
r
n
ea
is
ev
al
u
ated
.
T
h
e
ar
ea
o
f
co
n
tact
b
etw
ee
n
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
t
y
p
es
o
f
to
n
o
m
eter
s
is
d
is
tin
ct.
T
h
e
s
i
m
u
latio
n
is
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
w
it
h
t
w
o
t
y
p
es
o
f
co
n
tact
s
o
f
a
to
n
o
m
e
ter
,
i.e
.
p
o
in
t
co
n
tact
o
f
to
n
o
m
eter
at
th
e
ce
n
ter
o
f
co
r
n
ea
an
d
b
o
u
n
d
ar
y
la
y
er
co
n
tact
o
f
to
n
o
m
eter
an
d
g
o
n
io
len
s
w
it
h
0
.
0
2
m
m
t
h
ic
k
n
es
s
an
d
0
.
5
m
m
r
ad
iu
s
s
p
r
ea
d
ac
r
o
s
s
th
e
ce
n
ter
o
f
th
e
co
r
n
ea
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
ar
e
p
lo
tted
u
s
i
n
g
M
A
T
L
A
B
c
u
r
v
e
f
itt
in
g
to
o
lb
o
x
.
3
.
1
.
F
o
rc
e
o
n t
he
co
rnea
f
o
r
po
int
co
nta
ct
o
f
t
o
no
m
et
er
T
h
e
p
o
in
t
co
n
tact
o
f
t
h
e
to
n
o
m
eter
at
t
h
e
ce
n
ter
o
f
t
h
e
co
r
n
ea
w
it
h
1
.
5
m
m
d
e
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
f
co
r
n
ea
i
s
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eter
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atio
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ab
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2
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s
t
h
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co
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1
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o
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b
o
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n
d
ar
y
c
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n
tact
o
f
co
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ea
.
2
=
1
∗
+
2
(
2
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
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0
8
8
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8708
I
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at
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r
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9
.
R
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b
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ar
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n
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p
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in
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s
1
to
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.
Fig
u
r
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1
0
.
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o
r
ce
o
n
th
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th
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ter
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o
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o
f
b
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d
ar
y
la
y
er
alo
n
g
X
-
ax
is
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
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r
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1
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e
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ter
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T
h
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o
r
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F3
at
co
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3
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4
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h
e
d
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lace
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e
n
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o
f
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h
e
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