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e
s
e
w
il
l
p
r
o
d
u
ce
b
etter
im
a
g
e
r
etr
iev
al
f
o
r
co
lo
r
p
h
o
to
g
r
ap
h
s
.
I
n
v
ar
ia
n
t
Feat
u
r
e
h
is
to
g
r
a
m
g
i
v
es
1
5
.
9
%
er
r
o
r
o
n
W
A
NG
Da
taset
w
h
ile
er
r
o
r
r
ate
o
f
2
9
.
2
%
is
id
en
ti
f
ied
i
n
I
R
M
A
Data
s
et.
Si
m
ilar
k
i
n
d
o
f
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
d
escr
ib
es
all
r
e
m
ai
n
in
g
f
ea
t
u
r
es.
I
t
is
clea
r
t
h
at
s
elec
tio
n
o
f
f
ea
tu
r
e
d
ep
en
d
s
o
n
t
h
e
ta
s
k
a
t
h
an
d
a
n
d
t
h
e
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
o
f
p
o
s
iti
v
el
y
co
r
r
elate
d
f
ea
tu
r
e
s
d
o
es n
o
t i
m
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
cla
s
s
i
f
icatio
n
r
es
u
lt.
Desai
et
al.
[
2
8
]
h
ig
h
l
ig
h
ted
th
e
i
m
p
o
r
tan
ce
o
f
m
o
n
u
m
e
n
ts
class
if
ica
tio
n
to
ar
ch
ae
o
lo
g
is
t
s
i
n
an
ass
es
s
m
en
t
o
f
t
h
eir
f
i
n
d
in
g
s
an
d
in
class
if
ica
tio
n
.
A
r
t
g
al
ler
i
es
an
d
m
u
s
e
u
m
s
f
o
c
u
s
o
n
v
i
s
u
al
asp
ec
t
s
o
f
o
b
j
ec
ts
.
A
C
B
I
R
s
y
s
te
m
b
ased
o
n
v
is
u
al
s
h
ap
e
b
ase
d
f
ea
t
u
r
e
an
d
te
x
t
u
r
e
f
ea
tu
r
e
w
a
s
d
ev
elo
p
ed
.
Mo
r
p
h
o
lo
g
ical
o
p
er
atio
n
s
w
e
r
e
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
f
o
r
s
h
ap
e
ex
tr
ac
tio
n
an
d
Gr
a
y
le
v
el
C
o
-
o
cc
u
r
r
en
ce
Ma
tr
ix
w
a
s
u
s
ed
f
o
r
tex
t
u
r
e
f
ea
tu
r
e
e
x
tr
ac
tio
n
.
Fi
v
e
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
cla
s
s
es
w
i
th
a
to
tal
o
f
5
0
0
i
m
ag
e
s
ar
e
co
llected
an
d
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
w
as c
o
m
p
ar
ed
with
C
a
n
n
y
a
n
d
So
b
el
ed
g
e
d
etec
tio
n
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es.
I
n
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
ab
o
u
t I
n
d
ia
n
m
o
v
ies ca
n
b
e
o
b
tain
ed
v
ia
I
n
d
ia
n
Mo
v
ie
Data
b
ase
[
2
9
]
.
3.
RE
S
E
ARCH
M
E
T
H
O
D
Fig
u
r
e
2
p
r
o
v
id
es a
f
lo
w
c
h
ar
t
o
f
a
co
n
ten
t b
ased
i
m
ag
e
r
etr
i
ev
al
s
y
s
te
m
.
An
i
m
a
g
e
q
u
er
y
i
s
th
e
i
m
a
g
e
f
i
le
th
at
i
s
g
i
v
e
n
as a
n
i
n
p
u
t to
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
.
T
h
e
f
ea
tu
r
es o
f
th
e
i
n
p
u
t a
r
e
ca
lc
u
lated
.
A
q
u
er
y
o
f
t
h
e
ex
tr
ac
ted
f
ea
t
u
r
es is
t
h
e
n
g
e
n
e
r
ated
an
d
is
co
m
p
ar
ed
w
it
h
all
th
e
o
th
er
f
ea
t
u
r
es o
f
th
e
i
m
a
g
e
f
iles
p
r
ese
n
t in
th
e
d
atab
ase.
B
ased
o
n
s
i
m
i
lar
it
y
m
ea
s
u
r
es,
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
r
etr
iev
es t
h
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
i
m
a
g
e
f
i
les
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
d
atab
ase
an
d
p
r
esen
ts
it i
n
t
h
e
f
o
r
m
o
f
t
h
e
r
esu
l
t.
Fig
u
r
e.
2
C
o
n
te
n
t B
ased
I
m
ag
e
R
etr
iev
al
S
y
s
te
m
3
.
1
.
P
re
pro
ce
s
s
ing
A
s
et
o
f
5
0
0
in
p
u
t
i
m
ag
e
s
i
s
r
e
-
s
ized
i
n
to
2
5
6
x
3
8
4
R
es
u
lte
d
i
m
a
g
es
ar
e
co
n
v
er
ted
f
r
o
m
R
GB
co
lo
r
s
p
ac
e
in
to
Hu
e,
Satu
r
at
io
n
an
d
Valu
e
(
HSV)
co
lo
r
s
p
ac
e
[
3
0
]
.
T
h
e
lay
er
s
o
f
h
u
m
an
r
et
in
a
s
e
n
s
e
th
e
li
g
h
t
th
r
o
u
g
h
r
o
d
ce
lls
a
n
d
co
n
e
ce
l
ls
[
3
1
]
.
T
h
e
g
r
a
y
-
le
v
els
ar
e
p
e
r
ce
iv
ed
b
y
r
o
d
ce
lls
at
lo
w
-
lev
els
o
f
il
lu
m
i
n
atio
n
w
h
ile
at
h
i
g
h
er
le
v
el
s
o
f
ill
u
m
in
atio
n
co
n
e
ce
lls
ar
e
also
e
x
c
ited
.
T
h
e
h
u
m
a
n
p
er
ce
iv
e
s
t
h
e
co
lo
r
s
a
m
e
as
t
h
e
HSV
co
lo
r
s
p
ac
e.
R
GB
co
lo
r
r
ep
r
esen
tatio
n
is
d
i
f
f
er
e
n
t
an
d
n
o
t
a
s
p
er
h
u
m
a
n
p
er
ce
p
tio
n
.
Hu
e
in
d
icate
s
t
h
e
p
u
r
e
co
lo
r
,
S
in
d
icate
s
th
e
p
er
ce
n
tag
e
o
f
w
h
ite
ad
d
ed
in
th
e
p
u
r
e
co
lo
r
w
h
ile
V
r
ep
r
esen
ts
in
te
n
s
it
y
.
T
h
e
HSV
co
lo
r
s
p
ac
e
ca
n
b
e
r
ep
r
esen
ted
as
a
h
ex
ac
o
n
e
[
3
2
]
.
W
h
en
s
atu
r
atio
n
is
ze
r
o
,
w
e
g
et
o
n
l
y
s
h
ad
es
o
f
g
r
a
y
f
r
o
m
b
lack
to
w
h
ite
b
y
i
n
cr
ea
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
in
te
n
s
it
y
.
I
n
c
id
en
t
li
g
h
t
co
m
p
o
s
ed
o
f
m
a
n
y
s
p
ec
tr
al
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
,
b
u
t
ca
u
s
e
s
lo
s
s
o
f
co
lo
r
in
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
w
h
en
s
atu
r
atio
n
i
s
lo
w
ev
e
n
th
o
u
g
h
ill
u
m
in
at
io
n
i
s
v
er
y
h
ig
h
.
B
y
c
h
an
g
i
n
g
t
h
e
s
atu
r
atio
n
f
r
o
m
0
to
1
,
p
er
c
eiv
ed
co
lo
r
ch
an
g
es
f
r
o
m
s
h
ad
es
o
f
g
r
a
y
to
p
u
r
e
co
lo
r
u
n
d
er
th
e
g
iv
e
n
h
u
e
an
d
in
te
n
s
it
y
.
I
t
is
k
n
o
w
n
th
at
H
S
V
co
lo
r
s
p
ac
e
h
as
m
o
r
e
d
is
cr
im
i
n
ati
n
g
p
o
w
er
as
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
R
GB
co
lo
r
s
p
ac
e.
Fig
u
r
e
3
(
a)
Dis
p
la
y
s
R
GB
i
m
a
g
e
w
h
ile
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
H
SV i
m
ag
e
i
s
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
3
(
b
)
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
J
E
C
E
Vo
l.
7
,
No
.
4
,
A
u
g
u
s
t
2
0
1
7
:
1
9
5
2
–
1
9
6
3
1956
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
(
a)
R
GB
I
m
a
g
e
an
d
(
b
)
HSV
I
m
a
g
e
Gen
er
alize
d
co
-
o
cc
u
r
r
en
ce
m
a
tr
ix
p
r
o
p
er
ties
w
it
h
d
if
f
er
en
t
d
is
tan
ce
a
n
d
d
ir
ec
tio
n
ar
e
also
co
m
p
u
ted
an
d
it
r
e
s
u
lt
s
i
n
to
2
0
ad
d
itio
n
al
f
ea
t
u
r
es.
H,
S
a
n
d
V
p
la
n
es
ar
e
also
e
x
tr
ac
ted
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
i
n
p
u
t
i
m
ag
e.
T
h
e
C
o
m
p
u
tatio
n
o
f
C
en
tr
e
S
y
m
m
etr
ic
L
o
ca
l
B
i
n
ar
y
P
atter
n
w
it
h
1
6
b
in
s
a
n
d
Hi
s
to
g
r
a
m
w
it
h
1
6
b
in
s
ar
e
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
o
n
ea
c
h
p
lan
e.
Ge
n
er
alize
d
co
-
o
cc
u
r
r
en
ce
m
atr
ix
p
r
o
p
er
ties
ar
e
also
ex
tr
ac
ted
f
r
o
m
e
ac
h
p
lan
e.
F
ig
u
r
e
4
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
p
re
-
p
r
o
ce
s
s
i
n
g
&
Featu
r
e
Vec
to
r
Gen
er
atio
n
F
ig
u
r
e
5
co
v
er
s
s
ev
er
al
tec
h
n
iq
u
es
w
h
ich
w
er
e
m
er
g
ed
to
g
et
h
er
to
g
e
n
er
ate
th
e
f
ea
tu
r
e
v
ec
to
r
.
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
P
r
e
-
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
&
Fe
atu
r
e
Vec
to
r
Gen
er
atio
n
L
B
P
CS
-
L
B
P
GC
M
P
r
o
p
er
ties
His
to
g
r
a
m
E
d
g
e
P
r
o
p
e
r
ty
His
to
g
r
a
m
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
Featu
r
e
Vec
to
r
3
.
2
.
G
ener
a
lized
Co
-
O
cc
urre
nce
M
a
t
rix
Gen
er
alize
d
C
0
-
Occ
u
r
r
en
ce
Ma
tr
ix
is
u
s
ef
u
l
to
ex
tr
ac
t
th
e
tex
tu
r
e
o
f
th
e
i
m
a
g
e.
I
t
is
r
ep
r
esen
ted
as
4
-
tu
p
le
(
i,
j
,
d
,
ϴ)
[
3
3
]
.
Her
e,
í'
a
n
d
'
j
'
r
ep
r
esen
t
g
r
a
y
le
v
e
ls
,
d
is
t
h
e
d
is
ta
n
ce
b
et
w
ee
n
p
ix
els
p
1
an
d
p
2
.
Gr
a
y
lev
e
ls
o
f
p
1
an
d
p
2
ar
e
i
an
d
j
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
ϴ
is
t
h
e
an
g
le
b
et
w
ee
n
p
i
x
els p
1
an
d
p
2
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
E
C
E
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
n
d
ia
n
Mo
n
u
men
ts
C
la
s
s
ifica
t
io
n
u
s
in
g
S
u
p
p
o
r
t V
ec
to
r
Ma
ch
in
e
(
Ma
la
y
S
.
B
h
a
tt
)
1957
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
T
h
e
Gen
er
alize
d
C
o
-
o
cc
u
r
r
en
ce
Ma
tr
ices (
GC
M)
o
f
s
ize
1
2
8
x
1
2
8
ar
e
ca
lcu
lated
f
o
r
in
ter
-
p
ix
el
d
is
ta
n
ce
s
3
,
9
,
1
5
an
d
6
4
in
h
o
r
izo
n
tal
d
ir
ec
tio
n
f
o
r
H,
S a
n
d
V
p
lan
es.
(
3
p
lan
es
x
4
in
ter
-
p
i
x
el
d
is
tan
ce
)
Fig
u
r
e
7
(
a)
d
escr
ib
es
th
e
w
o
r
k
in
g
o
f
G
C
M
f
o
r
a
s
a
m
p
le
i
m
ag
e
o
f
s
ize
5
x
5
w
it
h
4
g
r
a
y
le
v
els
w
h
il
e
Fig
u
r
e
7
(
b
)
co
n
tai
n
s
ca
lcu
late
d
GC
M
in
t
h
e
h
o
r
izo
n
tal
d
ir
ec
tio
n
w
it
h
in
ter
-
p
ix
e
l d
is
ta
n
ce
'1
'
.
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
(
a)
A
Sa
m
p
le
I
m
a
g
e
(
b
)
T
h
e
GC
M
in
h
o
r
izo
n
tal
Di
r
ec
t
io
n
w
ith
i
n
ter
-
p
ix
el
d
is
ta
n
ce
'
1
'
T
ab
le
2
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
g
en
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3
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u
r
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[
1
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