Internati
o
nal
Journal of Ele
c
trical
and Computer
Engineering
(IJE
CE)
Vol.
4, No. 6, Decem
ber
2014, pp. 902~
908
I
S
SN
: 208
8-8
7
0
8
9
02
Jo
urn
a
l
h
o
me
pa
ge
: h
ttp
://iaesjo
u
r
na
l.com/
o
n
lin
e/ind
e
x.ph
p
/
IJECE
A Compact SIW Mixer for M
illimeter-Wave Applications
Abdelk
halek
Nasri
*
, H
a
sse
n Z
a
iri
*
,
Ali Gha
r
sa
lla
h
*
*
Unit of R
e
sear
ch in High
Frequency
Elec
troni
c C
i
rcuits
and
S
y
s
t
e
m
s
,
F
acult
y
of
S
c
ien
ces of
Tunis
,
Tunis, Tun
i
sia
Article Info
A
B
STRAC
T
Article histo
r
y:
Received
J
u
n 12, 2014
Rev
i
sed
Au
g
20
, 20
14
Accepted Aug 26, 2014
The present p
a
p
e
r highligh
t
s an innovativ
e broad
b
and m
illim
eter-
w
ave single
balan
ced diod
e
mixer which is d
e
signe
d using a
newly
d
e
signed
90 substrate
integr
ated wav
e
guide (SIW) coupl
er and two cav
ities (SIW) filter
.
The m
i
xer
covers RF/LO operating fre
quen
c
y
r
a
nge which
fluctu
ates between 10 to 12
GHz and IF po
rt covers 2GHz. The pr
oposed
mixer exhibits a fairly
low
conversion loss of less than 10
dB and high port to-port isolatio
ns over the
frequency
b
a
nd of interest
as the simula
ted results make clear
. Furthermore,
the two cav
iti
es SIW
filter is em
bedded to a
c
hi
e
v
e a bet
t
er im
ag
e freque
n
c
y
suppression of about 28dB.
Keyword:
Substrate inte
grated
wa
veguide
Si
ngl
e
-
bal
a
nce
d
m
i
xer
Co
nv
ersion
lo
ss
Im
age fre
que
n
c
y
Copyright ©
201
4 Institut
e
o
f
Ad
vanced
Engin
eer
ing and S
c
i
e
nce.
All rights re
se
rve
d
.
Co
rresp
ond
i
ng
Autho
r
:
Abd
e
lkh
a
lek Nasri,
Uni
t
of
R
e
sear
ch i
n
Hi
gh
F
r
e
que
ncy
El
ect
r
o
ni
c C
i
rcui
t
s
a
n
d Sy
st
em
s,
Faculty of Scie
nces
of T
unis
2
092
Tun
i
s, Tun
i
sia. Pho
n
e
: +2
167
187
260
0.
Fax
:
+2
167
1871
666
Em
a
il: ab
d
e
lk
halek
n
a
sri@yaho
o.fr
1.
INTRODUCTION
A hi
gh
per
f
o
rm
ance m
i
xer m
odul
e i
s
req
u
i
r
e
d
i
n
t
h
e
desi
g
n
of m
oder
n
m
i
crowa
v
e
t
e
l
ecom
m
uni
cat
i
on sy
st
em
. In
n
o
rm
al
si
ngl
e
bal
a
nce
d
m
i
x
e
r
[
1
]
th
e m
i
cr
o
s
trip bran
ch lin
e h
y
b
r
i
d
is
usu
a
lly
u
s
ed
as co
up
ler section
.
Howev
e
r t
h
e fabricatio
n
will b
e
m
o
re co
m
p
lex
d
u
e
t
o
th
e
d
i
men
s
ion
o
f
su
ch h
ybrid
whi
c
h co
ul
d
b
e
very
sm
al
l
[2]
-[1
3]
. S
o
as a
n
al
t
e
rnat
i
v
e
,
t
h
ere i
s
a
n
e
x
t
e
nsi
v
e i
nvest
i
g
a
t
i
on f
o
r
t
h
e
de
si
gn
of
l
o
w
-
cost
,
hi
g
h
per
f
o
r
m
a
nce
m
i
crowa
v
e a
nd m
i
l
lim
et
er
wave
(M
M
W)
passi
ve c
o
m
pone
nt
s, i
n
cl
udi
n
g
d
i
rection
a
l coup
lers
u
s
ing
the Su
bstrate in
teg
r
ated
wa
v
e
gu
id
e (SIW
).
Fo
r
in
stan
ce,
in [
1
4
]
w
e
u
s
ed SIW
si
ngl
e-a
p
e
r
t
u
r
e
co
u
p
l
e
r t
o
des
i
gn
a
hi
g
h
per
f
o
rm
ance m
i
xer.
We ac
hi
eve
a
bet
t
e
r
co
n
v
ers
i
on
l
o
ss
at
pri
c
e o
f
l
a
rger
si
ze
of
a
SI
W c
o
upl
er
t
h
an
ot
her
de
vi
ces i
n
t
h
e m
i
xer ci
rc
ui
t
[
15]
[1
6]
.
In t
h
i
s
pape
r,
we
pr
op
ose
t
h
e
co
ncept
of
su
bst
r
at
e i
n
t
e
grat
ed ci
rc
ui
t
s
(S
I
C
s) [
1
7]
i
n
or
d
e
r t
o
o
ffe
r a
n
attractive sol
u
tion
for l
o
w cost, com
p
act
, ef
fi
ci
ent
an
d
hy
bri
d
i
n
t
e
grat
i
o
n
of
di
f
f
ere
n
t
ki
n
d
s
of
co
n
v
e
n
t
i
ona
l
p
l
an
ar
an
d non-
p
l
an
ar
str
u
ct
u
r
es w
ith
i
n
th
e sa
m
e
su
b
s
t
r
ate
at
m
i
cr
o
w
av
e an
d m
i
lli
meter
w
a
v
e
fr
equ
e
n
c
ies.
In
add
itio
n
to
lo
w co
nv
ersion
lo
ss, th
is type o
f
m
i
xer can
pr
ovi
de
ot
her
at
t
r
act
i
v
e cha
r
act
eri
s
t
i
c
s i
n
c
l
udi
n
g
go
o
d
i
m
age fre
que
ncy
reject
i
o
n.
In
t
h
is presen
t
p
a
p
e
r,
we
will first of all d
e
scrib
e
th
e SIW
fi
lter, th
en
d
i
scuss th
e
d
e
sign
of th
e m
i
x
e
r,
an
d fi
n
a
lly p
r
esen
t th
e resu
lts alo
n
g with
its electrical
perform
a
nces.
2.
SIW FILTE
R DESI
GN
This section
focuses
on the
principle of t
h
e s
ubst
r
ate inte
grated wa
ve
gui
de technology a
n
d at the
sam
e
t
i
m
e th
e d
e
sign
o
f
th
e
SIW filter.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
S
SN
:
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088
-87
08
IJECE Vol. 4, No. 6, D
ecem
ber 2014
:
902 – 908
9
03
2.
1. SIW Desi
gn
Th
e SIW co
n
s
ists o
f
t
w
o linear m
e
tal
lic co
n
n
ected
via di
electric substra
t
e with a
height of
h. T
h
e
electro
m
a
g
n
e
tic field
s
with
i
n
th
e
SIW are co
nfin
ed
b
y
th
ese m
e
ta
llic v
i
a arrays [3
]. The wid
t
h
o
f
SIW is a,
the diam
eter of the m
e
tallic vias is d
while the space
be
twee
n the
adjace
nt
vias is s. The
geom
etric parameters
are
pri
m
ari
l
y
det
e
rm
i
n
ed
by
t
h
e
rel
a
t
i
ons
hi
p
bet
w
ee
n t
h
e c
o
n
v
e
n
t
i
onal
re
ct
ang
u
l
a
r
wa
v
e
gui
de a
n
d
t
h
e
S
I
W.
Th
e
fo
llowing
is a d
e
scrip
tion of th
is
relatio
nsh
i
p [1
8
]-[2
0
]
.
(a)
(b
)
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Topolo
g
y
o
f
SIW
str
u
ct
u
r
e (
a
)
So
lid
v
i
ew
.
(b
)
Top
v
i
ew
.
=
.
(1
)
No
ting
t
h
at
is the
width of t
h
e corres
p
on
de
n
t
rect
an
gul
a
r
w
a
veg
u
i
d
e
.
2.
2. Fi
l
t
er
De
s
i
gn
In
ord
e
r to
g
e
t
a ro
ugh
sh
ap
e th
e SIW
filter i
s
first o
f
all d
e
sig
n
e
d
b
y
u
s
i
n
g
b
a
sic th
eory o
f
coup
led-
reson
a
tor
filters [7
] [21
]
, after th
at th
e
p
r
ecise stru
ct
u
r
e is d
e
term
in
ed
wit
h
fu
ll wav
e
sim
u
latio
n
.
The
rejection
perform
ance at the im
age fre
que
n
cy m
a
y sl
i
g
h
t
l
y
degra
d
e
d
,
ho
we
ver t
h
e s
u
p
p
r
essi
o
n
re
m
a
i
n
s
satisfied
. In
SIW cav
ities th
e rad
i
atio
n
l
o
ss is avo
i
d
e
d
so
th
at
it h
a
s in
tri
n
sic
q
u
a
lity facto
r
t
h
an m
i
cr
o
s
trip
reson
a
tors
[8
]
[9
].
It is well
k
nown th
at th
e SIW
filte
rs h
a
v
e
lower in
sertio
n
l
o
ss and
h
i
g
h
e
r selectiv
ity than
micro
s
trip
filters or co
p
l
an
ar wav
e
gu
id
e
(CPW
). So
, in
th
e d
e
si
g
n
of
th
e SHM
,
SIW filter is ado
p
t
ed
to
su
ppress t
h
e i
m
ag
e frequ
ency. Figu
re 1 shows the f
ilter
pho
tog
r
aph
as
well as its si
m
u
lat
e
d
resu
lts.
Fig
u
re 1
.
Th
e m
o
d
e
l
fo
r
th
is b
a
ndp
ass SIW filter
Tab
l
e
1
.
Op
ti
mized
Param
e
ter
s
of th
e Filter
Para
m
e
ter
Opti
m
i
zed value
(
mm)
L
35.
5
W
16
b
8
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
ECE
I
S
SN
:
208
8-8
7
0
8
A Compa
c
t
S
I
W Mixer fo
r Millimeter-Wa
v
e App
lica
tion
s
(
A
bd
elkha
l
ek N
a
sri)
90
4
Fig
u
re 2
fo
cuses on
th
e si
m
u
la
tio
n
resu
lts with
CST
so
ft
ware and
High
Frequ
e
ncy Stru
cture
Si
m
u
lato
r (HFSS). Three d
i
men
s
io
n
a
l analyses are p
r
esen
ted
in
o
r
d
e
r to
o
p
tim
ize
th
e p
r
op
osed
filter
specification.T
h
e
optim
ized param
e
ters are shown in
Tabl
e 1.
T
h
e dielectric
substrate use
d
are
Tac
onic TL
-6
al
on
g wi
t
h
ε
=2.65 as
well as a
dielectric thickness
of h
1 mm and
dielectric loss tange
n
t of
0.0019.
Th
e p
a
ss b
a
nd
o
f
th
is filter is
1
.
3
4
GHZ at th
e cen
tral frequen
c
y o
f
12
GHz. Th
e in
sertion
lo
ss in
th
e
p
a
ssb
a
nd
is less th
an
-1
d
B
wh
ereas th
e
return
lo
ss is
less th
an
-30
d
B
.
All statis
tics are
su
itab
l
e to
th
e filter
design.
While
designing t
h
e
SIW filter t
h
rough
usi
n
g a tig
ht structure
not
only the total
spaces a
r
e sa
ved
but
al
so a
g
o
o
d
per
f
o
r
m
a
nce i
s
achi
e
ve
d,
bet
t
e
r t
h
an
u
s
i
n
g
ot
he
r t
ech
n
o
l
o
gy
[
2
2]
.
0
2
4
6
8
1
0
12
14
-6
0
-5
0
-4
0
-3
0
-2
0
-1
0
0
S(
dB)
F
r
eque
nc
y
(
G
H
z
)
S1
1
(
H
F
SS)
S1
2
(
H
F
SS)
S
11(
C
S
T
)
S
12(
C
S
T
)
Fig
u
re 2
.
S-p
a
ra
m
e
ters
o
f
th
e p
r
op
o
s
ed
SIW filter
3.
THE SINGLE
BALANCED
MIX
E
R
Ext
r
a ci
rcui
t
r
y
i
s
req
u
i
r
e
d
t
o
ro
ut
e an
d se
pa
rat
e
i
n
p
u
t
a
n
d
out
put
si
gnal
s
fr
om
t
h
e di
o
d
e
s
i
n
m
i
xers.
In
add
itio
n, th
i
s
ex
tra circu
itry in
sing
le
d
i
od
e co
nsis
ts of
a mix
t
u
r
e
o
f
passiv
e
co
up
ling
,
po
wer
d
i
v
i
si
o
n
, and
filterin
g
.
Howev
e
r, as th
e m
u
ltip
lex
i
ng
circu
itry is frequ
en
cy sp
eci
fic, it is d
i
fficu
lt to
mak
e
wid
e
b
a
nd
sing
le
d
i
od
e m
i
x
e
rs
with
ind
e
p
e
nden
t
RF,
LO, an
d IF b
a
nd
s.
Mo
reo
v
e
r, m
i
x
e
r efficien
cy
will b
e
redu
ced
as t
h
e
circuitry e
nge
nders
ext
r
a los
s
e
s.
So t
o
s
o
l
v
e t
h
i
s
pr
o
b
l
e
m
,
researche
r
s f
o
un
d
out
t
h
at
l
o
w l
o
ss wi
de
ban
d
s
i
ngl
e-
bal
a
nce
d
m
i
xers wi
t
h
i
nde
pen
d
e
n
t
i
nput
an
d o
u
t
p
ut
fre
que
ncy
ba
n
d
s co
ul
d be c
r
e
a
t
e
d usi
n
g t
h
e SI
W
90
° co
upl
er whi
c
h co
nsi
s
t
s
of
a tw
o inp
u
t
, t
w
o ou
tpu
t
an
d f
our
por
t cir
c
u
it th
at pr
ov
i
d
es m
u
t
u
al
i
s
ol
at
i
on
bet
w
ee
n
i
n
p
u
t
p
o
rt
s
an
d e
qual
powe
r
division at the
output
ports. It
is noticeable
that
the hybrid junction for m
i
xers is
applicable while
i
s
ol
at
i
ng t
h
e i
n
put
L
O
a
n
d R
F
so
urc
e
s f
r
om
o
n
e an
ot
he
r, t
hus
, i
t
p
r
o
v
i
d
e
s
fre
q
u
ency
ba
nd
i
n
depe
n
d
en
ce an
d
equal
p
o
we
r
di
vi
si
o
n
t
o
t
h
e l
o
ad.
There
is a
n
essential li
m
i
tatio
n
on the
sensitivity of a m
i
crowave
recei
ver
using a
di
ode
mixer whic
h
occurs beca
us
e there is only a part of the
availabl
e RF signal powe
r in the freque
n
cy conversi
on
proces
s
wh
ich
is co
nverted
in
t
o
p
o
wer at th
e
in
termed
iate frequ
en
cy. In
add
itio
n
to
so
m
e
RF sig
n
a
l
wh
ich
i
s
also
con
v
e
r
t
e
d t
o
t
h
e us
ual
l
y
u
n
wa
nt
ed i
m
age f
r
e
que
ncy
a
n
d
ot
h
e
r
harm
oni
cs.
It is p
r
eferred
in
m
a
n
y
ap
p
licatio
n
s
to
elim
i
n
ate
or
d
i
stingu
ish
t
h
e im
ag
e
r
e
spon
se fro
m th
at o
f
t
h
e
desi
re
d si
gnal
resp
o
n
se.
M
o
r
e
ove
r,
t
h
e si
g
n
a
l
and
i
m
age freq
u
e
n
cy
ba
n
d
w
i
d
t
h
s ca
nn
ot
ove
rl
ap
w
h
e
n
t
h
e
IF
fre
que
ncy
i
s
hi
gh en
o
u
g
h
an
d t
h
e R
F
ban
d
w
i
d
t
h
i
s
ad
e
q
u
a
tely
narro
w. Also, we
can eliminate the image
respon
se th
roug
h
u
tilizin
g
an
ap
pro
p
riate in
pu
t filterin
g
.
Besid
e
s, fo
r
n
a
rrow b
a
n
d
systems th
is typ
e
o
f
desig
n
is so
ap
propriate wh
ere a h
i
gh
lev
e
l o
f
im
ag
e rej
ection
is ach
iev
e
d
.
Howev
e
r, filterin
g
can
n
o
t
b
e
u
s
ed
for th
e
desi
re
d i
m
age reject
i
o
n
wi
t
h
br
oa
dba
n
d
a
p
p
l
i
cat
i
ons es
peci
al
l
y
wi
t
h
oct
a
v
e
ba
nd
wi
dt
h m
i
xers.
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:
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9
05
Fi
gu
re 3.
C
o
nfi
g
u
r
at
i
o
n of
t
h
e pr
o
pose
d
SI
W m
i
xer
4.
SIMULATE
D RESULTS
4.
1. SIW Mi
xe
r
A si
n
g
l
e
bal
a
n
ced m
i
xer wi
t
h
t
w
o
di
o
d
es c
o
nnect
e
d
back
-t
o-
bac
k
as
wel
l
as an
SI
W c
o
upl
e
r
w
h
i
c
h
is fo
rm
ed
o
n
th
e sam
e
d
i
ele
c
tric su
b
s
trate is p
r
esen
ted
in
Figu
re 3. Th
e SIW
coup
ler is b
e
tter th
an
th
e
classical coupl
e
rs
beca
use it
perform
s
as the input a
n
d
power delive
r
y c
o
m
pone
nt.
In
addition, the i
n
sertion
loss and interference
on
othe
r circuits is
m
i
nimized becau
se of the radia
tion loss
wh
ic
h exists only at the
tran
sitio
ns b
e
t
w
een th
e SIW cou
p
l
er and
micro
s
trip
, t
hus, th
an
ks to
SIW
stru
ct
u
r
e.
Mo
reo
v
e
r, t
h
ro
ugh
a
carefu
l
d
e
si
g
n
o
f
th
e cou
p
l
er and
tran
sition
s
, th
e
p
e
rfo
r
man
ce o
f
t
h
e mix
e
r is en
h
a
n
ced
and
th
e
9
0
°
SIW
coupler
shows a
conside
r
ably wide ba
nd
pe
rform
a
nce at a
desired
fre
quenc
y
.
No
t forgettin
g
also
th
e SIW
fi
lters
wh
ich
h
a
v
e
lowe
r in
sertio
n
l
o
ss an
d
h
i
g
h
e
r selectiv
ity b
e
tter th
an
micro
s
trip
or co
p
l
an
ar wav
e
gu
id
e
(CPW)
filters an
d
wh
ich h
a
v
e
a sig
n
i
fican
t ro
le in
sup
p
ressi
n
g
th
e imag
e
f
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y of
th
e m
i
x
e
r
[
8
]. A
qu
ar
ter
-
w
a
velen
g
t
h
op
en-
c
ir
cu
ited
stub
at th
e LO
f
r
e
qu
en
cy is adop
ted
t
o
p
r
ev
en
t L
O
le
ak
a
g
e.
Fi
gu
re
4.
The
s
t
ruct
u
r
e
of
ci
rc
ui
t
f
o
r m
i
xer
di
ode
Fi
gu
re 4
pre
s
e
n
t
s
t
h
e st
r
u
ct
u
r
e o
f
ci
rcui
t
f
o
r t
h
e si
ngl
e
bal
a
nce
d
m
i
xer di
o
d
e i
n
AD
S sim
u
l
a
t
o
r
.Throug
h u
s
i
n
g “S4P” and
'S2P' d
a
ta ite
m
o
f
ADS,
b
r
o
a
d
-
b
a
n
d
field
an
alysis resu
lts
o
f
SIW co
up
ler and filter
fr
om
C
S
T are
i
n
cl
ude
d i
n
t
h
e
harm
oni
c bal
a
nce si
m
u
l
a
t
i
on. The t
w
o Sc
h
o
t
t
k
y
di
o
d
es
w
h
i
c
h are
use
d
as t
h
e
an
ti-p
a
rallel d
i
o
d
e
s
p
a
ir are select
ed from
the libraries
of
ADS.
We de
vel
o
p
a sin
g
l
e b
a
lan
c
ed
mix
e
r with
90
° coup
ler a
nd two
-
cav
ity SIW
filter. Desi
gn
ing
a
m
i
x
e
r
with
a
filter
h
a
s its adv
a
n
t
ag
e
as m
i
x
e
rs ar
e
m
o
re sen
s
itiv
e
to
lo
ad
th
an am
p
l
ifiers.
Figure
5-7 pre
s
ents t
h
e sim
u
lated re
sults. It
is no
ticeable t
h
at the
bala
nce
d
m
i
xers c
h
ara
c
terize with
go
o
d
p
o
rt
-t
o-
p
o
rt
i
s
ol
at
i
o
n
,
and s
h
o
w
ap
p
r
o
v
i
n
g LO a
n
d R
F
su
pp
ress
i
on. T
h
e p
r
i
m
ari
l
y
desi
gn i
s
sue i
n
passi
ve
m
i
xer i
s
h
o
w t
o
re
duce
t
h
e c
o
nv
ersi
o
n
l
o
s
s
and s
u
ppress the
im
age fre
que
n
cy.
Whe
r
e the RF
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I
J
ECE
I
S
SN
:
208
8-8
7
0
8
A Compa
c
t
S
I
W Mixer fo
r Millimeter-Wa
v
e App
lica
tion
s
(
A
bd
elkha
l
ek N
a
sri)
90
6
fre
que
ncy
i
s
12G
Hz, a
nd t
h
e
LO fre
q
u
ency
i
s
10G
Hz, as
wel
l
as t
h
e LO po
wer i
s
9dB
m
and t
h
e R
F
po
we
r i
s
-
40d
Bm
, th
e sim
u
la
ted
conv
er
sion
losses ar
e un
d
e
r
8
.
8d
B.
Co
n
c
er
n
i
n
g
the im
ag
e f
r
e
qu
en
cy, it is sup
p
ressed
ov
er 28dB r
e
lativ
e to
usef
u
l
sign
al. Fu
r
t
h
e
r
m
o
r
e,
th
e inp
u
t
RF
1d
B co
m
p
ress
po
in
t is
1
2
d
B
m
wh
en
ex
ited
by 9
d
B
m
LO po
wer
with
ou
t filter an
d
14
d
B
m
with
filter resp
ectively.
-
2
02
46
8
1
0
1
2
1
4
1
6
1
8
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
W
i
t
hout
F
i
l
t
er
w
i
th
F
i
l
t
e
r
C
o
n
v
e
r
s
i
onLos
s
e
s
(d
B)
LO
p
o
w
e
r
(
d
B
m
)
Fi
gu
re
5.
C
o
nv
ersi
o
n
l
o
ss
ver
s
us L
O
p
o
we
r
-
5
0
-
40
-
3
0
-
20
-
1
0
0
10
20
30
-1
0
0
-8
0
-6
0
-4
0
-2
0
0
P_IF
(
d
B)
P_
R
F
(
d
B)
Fi
gu
re
6.
P
1
_
d
B
gai
n
com
p
re
ssi
on
Fi
gu
re
7.
M
i
xi
ng
sp
ect
rum
of
t
h
e
pr
o
pose
d
m
i
xer
4.2.
A
Comparison between the
Proposed
Mixer to othe
r
Published
SI
W
Mi
xer
The c
h
a
r
acteri
s
tics of the
SIW m
i
xer as c
o
m
p
ared
wi
t
h
ot
he
r
S
I
W
m
i
xers
can
be
s
u
m
m
a
ri
zed
as
fo
llows:
Tabl
e
1.
Per
f
o
r
m
a
nce o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
sed
m
i
xer as com
p
ared
t
o
ot
he
r
p
ubl
i
s
he
d S
I
W m
i
xer
T
h
is wor
k
Chen 200
6 [2]
T
a
ng 2005 [
7
]
Z
h
ang 2012
[3]
Conver
s
ion loss (
d
B)
8.
8
6.
8
6.
9
10
RF fr
equency
(
GHz)
12
10
11.
5
24
Local oscillator
power (dB
m
)
14
8
20
13
Im
age fr
equency s
uppr
ession (
d
B)
28
--
38.
2
--
Tabl
e1
p
r
ese
n
t
s
a perf
orm
a
nce com
p
ari
s
on of t
h
e p
r
o
p
o
se
d m
i
xer wi
t
h
t
h
e vari
ou
s pu
b
l
i
s
hed S
I
W
m
i
xer. C
o
m
p
ared
wi
t
h
t
h
e S
I
W m
i
xer i
n
[
2
]
an
d
[3]
t
h
e
pe
rf
orm
a
nce o
f
t
h
e
pr
o
pos
ed
m
i
xer st
ruct
ure
s
h
o
w
s
a
co
nsid
er
ab
le su
ppr
ession
of th
e
im
age f
r
eq
ue
ncy
.
Al
s
o
, com
p
are
d
wi
t
h
[7]
,
ou
r
pro
p
o
se
d m
i
xer i
s
ch
aracterized
with
low l
o
cal
o
s
cillato
r
po
wer an
d sim
p
le st
ru
ct
u
r
e.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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IJECE Vol. 4, No. 6, D
ecem
ber 2014
:
902 – 908
9
07
5.
CO
NCL
USI
O
N
In
t
h
i
s
pre
s
ent
pa
per
,
a
com
p
act
desi
g
n
of
m
i
l
l
i
m
e
t
e
r wave m
i
xer m
o
d
u
l
e
usi
n
g a
si
n
g
l
e
bal
a
nce
d
mix
e
r with
SIW coup
ler an
d SIW filter is
p
r
op
o
s
ed
.
Th
e p
e
rform
a
n
ces an
d
t
h
e ad
v
a
n
t
ag
es
o
f
t
h
e pro
p
o
s
ed
m
i
xer m
odul
e
are val
i
dat
e
d
b
y
t
h
e si
m
u
l
a
t
e
d re
sul
t
s
.
In
o
r
der t
o
desi
g
n
a
hi
g
h
per
f
o
rm
ance m
i
crowa
v
e an
d
millim
e
t
er wave integrated ci
rcuits,
we s
u
gge
s
t th
at th
is
k
i
nd of m
i
x
e
r is th
e b
e
st cho
i
ce.
REFERE
NC
ES
[1]
S
.
A. M
a
as
. Non
line
a
r M
i
crow
av
e and
RF
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uit
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Norwell,
Art
e
ch Hous
e,
MA
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[2]
Ji-Xin Chen, Wei Hong, Zhang-
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Ke Wu. Development
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Using a Broad-b
a
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tegr
ated Wav
e
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ide (SIW) Cou
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IEEE M
i
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owave
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e
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a
r
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Zhen-Yu Zh
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Ying R
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illim
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i
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Jijun Xu, and Ke Wu. A Subha
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e
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ifi
c M
i
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e
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[13]
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a
iri
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i
ngle B
a
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ated Wav
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.
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a
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as
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ated W
a
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I
J
ECE
I
S
SN
:
208
8-8
7
0
8
A Compa
c
t
S
I
W Mixer fo
r Millimeter-Wa
v
e App
lica
tion
s
(
A
bd
elkha
l
ek N
a
sri)
90
8
BIOGRAP
HI
ES OF
AUTH
ORS
Abde
lkhale
k N
a
sr
i
rece
ived hi
s
m
a
s
t
er degree
in elec
troni
cs
from
the F
acult
y of S
c
iences
,
Tunis, Tunisia,
in 2011. He is
currently
working toward his PhD degree at th
e Faculty
of
S
c
ienc
es
,
Tunis
.
His
res
ear
ch in
te
res
t
s
inc
l
ude
m
i
c
r
owave in
tegr
ate
d
cir
c
uits
.
Hassen Z
a
iri
rece
ived his
m
a
ster degre
e
in ph
y
s
ics
from
the F
acult
y
of S
c
i
e
nces
, Tun
i
s
,
Tunisia, in 2002
and the PhD degree in 2005 fro
m th
e Faculty
of
Sciences,
Tunis
.
His research
inter
e
s
t
s
inc
l
ude
antenn
a for
wire
les
s
com
m
unicat
ion and
m
i
crowa
v
e in
tegra
t
ed
ci
r
c
uits
.
Ali Gharsallah
P
r
ofes
s
o
r in the
F
acult
y
of S
c
i
e
n
ces
of
Tunis.He has
author
ed
or
coauthor
ed
approximately
1
00 papers pub
lis
hed in s
c
ien
tific
journals and 12
0 confer
ence papers. He h
a
s
also supervised over 20 theses and 50 masters. Hi
s
current res
e
arch int
e
res
t
s
in
clude an
tenn
as
,
m
u
ltila
ye
red stru
ctures
and m
i
cro
w
ave in
tegr
ated
circu
its.
He is
an
IEE
E
sen
i
or Me
m
b
er.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.