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B
»
an
d
«
C
»
–
r
esis
ta
n
ce
R
В
,
i
n
d
u
cta
n
ce
–
L
В
an
d
r
esi
s
tan
ce
R
С
an
d
in
d
u
cta
n
ce
–
L
С
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
T
h
e
s
tato
r
w
i
n
d
in
g
i
n
d
u
ctio
n
m
o
to
r
ca
n
b
e
r
ep
lace
d
b
y
ac
tiv
e
-
i
n
d
u
c
tiv
e
lo
ad
,
if
w
e
m
a
k
e
t
h
e
f
o
llo
w
in
g
as
s
u
m
p
tio
n
s
i
n
th
e
m
at
h
e
m
a
tical
d
escr
ip
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
in
d
u
ctio
n
m
o
to
r
:
a.
P
h
ase
w
in
d
i
n
g
m
o
to
r
ar
e
s
y
m
m
etr
ic
an
d
r
ated
o
n
1
2
0
º
;
b.
E
lectr
ic
lo
s
s
in
s
teel
ar
e
n
o
t a
v
ailab
le;
c.
Stato
r
-
to
-
r
o
to
r
g
ap
is
co
n
s
tan
t;
d.
Ma
g
n
e
tic
s
y
s
te
m
t
h
e
d
r
iv
e
is
n
o
t s
atu
r
ated
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Sch
e
m
e
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
t
e
m
«
i
n
v
er
ter
-
i
n
d
u
ctio
n
m
o
to
r
»
A
l
s
o
,
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
,
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
d
esig
n
ato
r
s
ar
e
m
ad
e:
UA
B
U
B
C
UC
A
–
lin
e
-
to
-
li
n
e
v
o
ltag
e
o
n
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
th
e
in
v
er
ter
(
o
n
s
tato
r
w
i
n
d
in
g
s
o
f
i
n
d
u
ctio
n
m
o
to
r
)
;
U
A
,
UB
,
UC
–
li
n
e
-
to
-
ea
r
t
h
v
o
lta
g
e
o
n
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
t
h
e
in
v
er
ter
(
o
n
s
ta
to
r
w
i
n
d
in
g
s
o
f
in
d
u
ctio
n
m
o
to
r
)
.
3.
CO
NT
RO
L
S
YS
T
E
M
I
NVER
T
E
R
O
N
B
ASE
D
T
H
E
AL
G
O
R
I
T
H
M
P
UL
S
E
-
WI
D
T
H
M
O
DULAT
I
O
N
(
P
WM
)
Fo
r
co
n
v
er
ti
n
g
d
ir
ec
t
v
o
lta
g
e
to
alter
n
ati
n
g
v
o
ltag
e,
f
o
r
m
i
n
g
s
p
ec
if
ied
a
m
p
lit
u
d
e
a
n
d
f
r
e
q
u
en
c
y
o
f
th
e
alter
n
at
in
g
v
o
lta
g
e
a
n
d
co
n
tr
o
llin
g
s
e
m
ico
n
d
u
cto
r
s
w
i
tch
es
i
n
v
er
ter
elec
tr
ical
d
r
iv
e
ar
e
w
id
el
y
u
s
ed
co
n
tr
o
l a
lg
o
r
ith
m
s
p
u
ls
e
-
w
id
t
h
m
o
d
u
la
tio
n
(
P
W
M)
.
T
h
e
in
v
er
ter
ass
e
m
b
led
o
n
th
e
th
r
ee
-
p
h
a
s
e
b
r
id
g
e
,
m
a
y
b
e
in
th
e
eig
h
t
w
o
r
k
i
n
g
co
n
d
iti
o
n
s
.
T
h
r
ee
s
e
m
ico
n
d
u
cto
r
s
w
itc
h
e
s
m
a
y
b
e
in
clo
s
ed
co
n
d
itio
n
i
n
ea
ch
w
o
r
k
i
n
g
co
n
d
itio
n
s
o
f
t
h
e
i
n
v
er
ter
,
alo
n
e
f
r
o
m
ea
ch
co
m
p
le
m
e
n
tar
y
p
air
s
(
s
t
an
d
o
f
th
e
in
v
er
ter
)
an
d
d
i
f
f
er
en
t
g
r
o
u
p
s
w
i
tch
e
s
(
ca
th
o
d
e
o
r
an
o
d
e
g
r
o
u
p
)
.
C
o
n
n
ec
tio
n
s
c
h
e
m
e
s
tato
r
w
i
n
d
in
g
i
n
d
u
ctio
n
d
r
iv
e
to
d
ir
ec
t
cu
r
r
en
t
b
u
s
w
it
h
h
elp
o
f
th
e
i
n
v
er
ter
is
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
W
h
en
all
s
e
m
ico
n
d
u
cto
r
s
w
itc
h
es
ca
t
h
o
d
e
o
r
an
o
d
e
g
r
o
u
p
tu
r
n
o
n
,
th
e
n
v
o
lta
g
e
is
ze
r
o
in
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
th
e
in
v
er
ter
.
T
w
o
s
w
itc
h
es
o
n
e
s
ta
n
d
o
f
t
h
e
in
v
er
ter
clo
s
e
i
n
ad
m
is
s
ib
le
b
ec
au
s
e
t
h
is
w
ill
lead
to
s
h
o
r
t
cir
cu
it
th
e
s
o
u
r
ce
d
ir
ec
t
v
o
lta
g
e.
C
o
m
b
i
n
atio
n
s
f
r
o
m
t
w
o
s
w
itc
h
es
o
t
h
e
r
s
tan
d
ar
e
u
s
in
g
f
o
r
tr
an
s
i
tio
n
f
r
o
m
o
n
e
w
o
r
k
i
n
g
co
n
d
itio
n
to
an
o
t
h
er
co
n
d
itio
n
.
Def
in
ed
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
lta
g
e
v
e
cto
r
is
f
o
r
m
ed
in
co
m
p
lian
ce
w
it
h
t
h
e
w
o
r
k
i
n
g
co
n
d
itio
n
s
o
f
t
h
e
in
v
er
ter
.
E
ig
h
t
v
ec
to
r
s
o
f
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
lta
g
e
o
f
th
e
in
v
er
ter
th
at
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
th
e
w
o
r
k
i
n
g
co
n
d
itio
n
s
o
f
th
e
i
n
v
er
ter
an
d
h
o
d
o
g
r
ap
h
v
ec
to
r
o
f
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
o
f
t
h
e
in
v
er
ter
ar
e
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
3
.
C
o
n
d
it
io
n
s
s
e
m
ico
n
d
u
cto
r
s
w
itc
h
e
s
o
f
t
h
e
i
n
v
er
ter
t
h
at
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
all
v
ec
to
r
s
o
f
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
ar
e
p
r
esen
ted
in
T
ab
le
1
(
s
ig
n
«
+
»
–
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
in
c
lu
d
e
s
tate
t
h
e
tr
an
s
is
to
r
o
f
in
v
e
r
ter
,
s
ig
n
«
–
»
–
R
A
R
B
R
C
L
B
U
A
U
B
U
C
U
AB
U
dc
2
C
C
U
dc
2
0
I
A
I
B
I
C
A
B
C
L
A
N
М
1
М
2
М
4
М
2
VT
1
VT
3
VT
5
VT
2
VT
4
VD
1
VD
3
M
5
VD
2
VD
4
L
C
VD
5
VT
6
VD
6
M
6
DC
–
li
n
k
I
n
d
u
c
t
i
o
n
m
oto
r
I
nv
e
r
te
r
U
BC
U
CA
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
J
E
C
E
Vo
l.
6
,
No
.
6
,
Dec
em
b
er
2
0
1
6
:
2
8
5
5
–
2
8
6
2
2857
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
ex
cl
u
d
e)
.
Valu
es
o
f
lin
e
-
to
-
li
n
e
v
o
lta
g
e
an
d
l
in
e
-
to
-
g
r
o
u
n
d
v
o
ltag
e
i
n
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
th
e
in
v
er
ter
ar
e
p
r
esen
ted
in
T
ab
le
2
.
T
ab
le
1
.
C
o
m
b
in
a
tio
n
s
S
e
m
ic
o
n
d
u
cto
r
S
w
itc
h
es I
n
v
er
ter
in
W
o
r
k
in
g
C
o
n
d
itio
n
s
S
w
i
t
c
h
e
s
I
n
v
e
r
t
e
r
V
e
c
t
o
r
s
V
o
l
t
a
g
e
i
n
O
u
t
p
u
t
I
n
v
e
r
t
e
r
U
0
U
1
U
2
U
3
U
4
U
5
U
6
U
7
VT
1
–
+
+
–
–
–
+
+
VT
2
+
–
–
+
+
+
–
–
VT
3
–
–
+
+
+
–
–
+
VT
4
+
+
–
–
–
+
+
–
VT
5
–
–
–
–
+
+
+
+
VT
6
+
+
+
+
–
–
–
–
T
ab
le
2
.
Valu
es
V
o
ltag
e
i
n
O
u
tp
u
t o
f
t
h
e
In
v
er
ter
N
u
mb
e
r
S
c
h
e
me
V
e
c
t
o
r
s
V
o
l
t
a
g
e
V
o
l
t
a
g
e
i
n
O
u
t
p
u
t
o
f
t
h
e
In
v
e
r
t
e
r
L
i
n
e
-
to
-
L
i
n
e
L
i
n
e
-
to
-
Gr
o
u
n
d
U
AB
U
BC
U
CA
U
A
U
B
U
C
0
U
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
U
1
U
dc
U
dc
U
dc
1
3
U
dc
-
2
3
U
dc
1
3
U
dc
2
U
2
U
dc
U
dc
U
dc
2
3
U
dc
-
1
3
U
dc
-
1
3
U
dc
3
U
3
U
dc
U
dc
U
dc
1
3
U
dc
1
3
U
dc
2
3
U
dc
4
U
4
U
dc
U
dc
U
dc
-
1
3
U
dc
2
3
U
dc
-
1
3
U
dc
5
U
5
U
dc
U
dc
U
dc
-
2
3
U
dc
1
3
U
dc
1
3
U
dc
6
U
6
U
dc
U
dc
U
dc
-
1
3
U
dc
-
1
3
U
dc
2
3
U
dc
7
U
7
0
0
0
0
0
0
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
C
o
n
n
ec
t
io
n
Sc
h
e
m
e
Stato
r
W
in
d
in
g
I
n
d
u
ctio
n
Dr
i
v
e
to
Dir
ec
t Cu
r
r
e
n
t B
u
s
w
i
th
H
elp
o
f
th
e
I
n
v
er
ter
N
C
0
C
Z
B
Z
A
Z
C
VT
5
VT
6
VT
4
VT
2
VT
3
VT
1
N
C
0
C
Z
B
Z
A
Z
C
VT
5
VT
6
VT
4
VT
2
VT
3
VT
1
N
C
0
C
Z
B
Z
A
Z
C
VT
5
VT
6
VT
4
VT
2
VT
3
VT
1
N
C
0
C
Z
B
Z
A
Z
C
VT
5
VT
6
VT
4
VT
2
VT
3
VT
1
N
VT
1
C
0
C
Z
B
Z
A
Z
C
VT
3
VT
5
VT
6
VT
4
VT
2
N
VT
1
C
0
C
Z
B
Z
A
Z
C
VT
3
VT
5
VT
6
VT
4
VT
2
C
0
C
Z
B
Z
A
Z
C
VT
5
VT
6
VT
4
VT
2
VT
3
VT
1
N
C
0
C
Z
B
Z
A
Z
C
VT
5
VT
6
VT
4
VT
2
VT
3
VT
1
N
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
E
C
E
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
Th
e
S
tu
d
y
Meth
o
d
s
o
f I
n
crea
s
e
E
fficien
c
y
A
lg
o
r
ith
ms P
u
ls
e
w
id
th
Mo
d
u
la
tio
n
in
A
C
…
(
B
o
g
d
a
n
Y.
V
a
s
ilev
)
2858
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
Ho
d
o
g
r
ap
h
v
ec
to
r
o
f
o
u
tp
u
t v
o
lta
g
e
o
f
t
h
e
i
n
v
er
ter
T
h
e
alg
o
r
ith
m
P
W
M
w
id
ely
u
s
ed
to
co
n
tr
o
l
s
e
m
ico
n
d
u
cto
r
s
w
itch
e
s
in
v
er
ter
an
d
f
o
r
m
in
g
alter
n
ati
n
g
v
o
ltag
e
w
it
h
a
s
p
ec
if
ied
a
m
p
lit
u
d
e
an
d
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
.
B
lo
ck
s
c
h
e
m
e
o
f
t
h
e
P
W
M
is
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
A
p
r
i
n
cip
le
o
f
th
e
al
g
o
r
ith
m
P
W
M
is
b
ased
o
n
a
c
o
m
p
ar
is
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
co
n
tr
o
l si
g
n
a
l (
U
A
a,
UB
b
,
UC
c)
an
d
ca
r
r
ier
s
ig
n
al
(
U
s
)
.
A
t
t
i
m
e
w
h
e
n
t
h
e
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
s
i
g
n
al
s
ar
e
eq
u
al
co
n
tr
o
l
p
u
ls
e
f
o
r
m
ed
an
d
f
ed
to
th
e
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
tr
a
n
s
i
s
to
r
o
f
th
e
in
v
er
ter
.
I
f
co
n
tr
o
l
s
i
g
n
al
i
s
s
i
n
u
s
o
id
al
w
a
v
e
f
o
r
m
,
to
wav
ef
o
r
m
v
o
ltag
e
i
n
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
th
e
i
n
v
er
ter
(
av
er
ag
e
v
al
u
es
v
o
lta
g
e
o
n
p
er
io
d
m
o
d
u
latio
n
)
ch
an
g
e
o
n
s
i
n
u
s
o
id
al
la
w
.
T
h
is
alg
o
r
ith
m
i
s
ca
lled
s
i
n
u
s
o
id
al
P
W
M.
T
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
f
o
r
m
at
i
o
n
alter
n
ati
n
g
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
lta
g
e
o
f
th
e
i
n
v
er
ter
i
s
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
5
an
d
B
lo
c
k
s
c
h
e
m
e
t
h
e
al
g
o
r
ith
m
o
f
co
n
tr
o
l
P
W
M
w
it
h
p
r
o
m
o
d
u
latio
n
i
s
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
Fo
r
ex
a
m
p
le,
at
ti
m
e
0
.
7
5
s
ec
o
n
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
th
e
in
v
er
ter
v
ec
to
r
v
o
ltag
e
U4
is
f
o
r
m
e
d
,
s
ch
e
m
e
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
o
f
th
e
i
n
v
er
ter
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
s
to
th
e
f
o
u
r
th
s
c
h
e
m
e,
i
s
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
L
in
e
-
to
-
l
in
e
a
n
d
lin
e
-
to
-
g
r
o
u
n
d
v
o
lta
g
e
at
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
t
h
e
i
n
v
er
ter
ar
e,
ac
co
r
d
i
n
g
l
y
:
U
A
B
=U
d
c,
UB
C
=U
d
c,
UC
A
=
Ud
c,
UA
=
Ud
c,
UB
=U
d
c,
UC
=
Ud
c.
A
t
ti
m
e
0
.
5
s
ec
w
in
d
i
n
g
p
h
as
e
«
A
»
is
d
i
s
co
n
n
ec
ted
f
r
o
m
th
e
b
u
s
w
it
h
d
ir
ec
t
v
o
ltag
e
a
n
d
d
ir
ec
t
v
o
ltag
e
i
s
ev
en
l
y
d
i
s
tr
ib
u
ted
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
p
h
ases
«
B
»
a
n
d
«
C
»
.
T
h
e
m
ain
d
r
a
w
b
ac
k
o
f
th
e
alg
o
r
it
h
m
s
i
n
u
s
o
id
al
P
W
M
is
lo
w
u
s
e
f
ac
to
r
v
o
lta
g
e
in
in
v
er
ter
.
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
B
lo
ck
S
ch
e
m
e
t
h
e
Alg
o
r
ith
m
o
f
C
o
n
tr
o
l P
W
M
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
T
h
e
Pro
ce
s
s
Fo
r
m
at
i
o
n
alter
n
ati
n
g
Vo
ltag
e
o
n
O
u
tp
u
t o
f
th
e
I
n
v
er
ter
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
B
lo
ck
Sc
h
e
m
e
t
h
e
A
lg
o
r
ith
m
o
f
C
o
n
tr
o
l P
W
M
w
it
h
P
r
o
m
o
d
u
lat
io
n
U
Aa
U
Вb
U
Сс
U
s
-
1
S
2
S
1
S
3
S
4
S
5
S
6
-
1
-
1
М
2
М
1
М
3
М
4
М
5
М
6
E
s
t
im
a
to
r
S
Z
S
U
N0
U
AN
U
BN
U
CN
U
1
U
3
U
4
U
2
β
α
А
B
U
5
U
6
С
Vecto
r
U
1
U
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U
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r
U
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U
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U
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Vecto
r
U
3
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U
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U
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U
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U
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Vecto
r
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4
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U
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5
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U
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2
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1
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4
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5
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6
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1
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2
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1
М
3
М
4
М
5
М
6
U
t, s
t, s
U
BС
U
AВ
U
CА
U
dc
1
0,
5
U
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5
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I
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I
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6
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No
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6
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er
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2859
4.
M
O
DIFICAT
I
O
N
T
H
E
AL
G
O
RI
T
H
M
P
W
M
Fo
r
in
cr
ea
s
e
a
m
p
lit
u
d
e
o
f
t
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
lta
g
e
o
f
th
e
in
v
er
te
r
w
it
h
P
W
M
ca
n
b
e
u
s
in
g
p
r
o
v
is
io
n
a
l
m
o
d
u
latio
n
co
n
tr
o
l
s
ig
n
al.
T
h
is
o
p
er
atio
n
is
ca
lled
p
r
o
m
o
d
u
latio
n
.
Fo
r
th
at
s
i
g
n
al
ze
r
o
-
s
e
q
u
en
ce
UN0
(
SZS)
w
it
h
s
p
ec
ial
f
o
r
m
ad
d
to
th
e
c
o
n
tr
o
l
s
i
g
n
al.
T
h
is
s
ig
n
a
l
is
ca
lled
s
i
g
n
al
p
r
o
m
o
d
u
latio
n
an
d
co
n
tr
o
l
al
g
o
r
ith
m
is
ca
lled
«
P
W
M
w
it
h
p
r
o
m
o
d
u
latio
n
»
.
B
lo
ck
s
ch
e
m
e
th
e
co
n
tr
o
l
alg
o
r
ith
m
P
W
M
w
it
h
p
r
o
m
o
d
u
latio
n
i
s
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
6
.
B
lo
ck
«
E
s
ti
m
ato
r
S
Z
S
»
ca
lcu
la
tes
r
e
q
u
ir
ed
am
p
li
tu
d
e
an
d
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
s
i
g
n
al
ze
r
o
-
s
eq
u
e
n
ce
d
ep
en
d
en
t
o
n
a
m
p
lit
u
d
e
an
d
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
co
n
tr
o
l sig
n
al.
T
h
e
s
ig
n
a
ls
ze
r
o
-
s
eq
u
e
n
ce
m
a
y
h
a
v
e
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
f
o
r
m
s
.
T
h
e
i
m
p
le
m
en
tat
io
n
o
f
co
n
tr
o
l
alg
o
r
ith
m
P
W
M
s
in
u
s
o
id
al
p
r
o
m
o
d
u
lati
o
n
th
ir
d
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
s
ig
n
al
ze
r
o
s
eq
u
en
ce
i
s
ca
lcu
lated
as f
o
llo
w
s
U
N0
=
0
.
1
5
A
s
in
(
3
ω
t)
,
(
1
)
w
h
er
e
A
is
a
m
p
litu
d
e
o
f
t
h
e
c
o
n
tr
o
l sig
n
al
an
d
ω
ti
s
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
o
f
t
h
e
co
n
tr
o
l si
g
n
al.
W
h
en
u
s
i
n
g
s
i
n
u
s
o
id
al
p
r
ed
m
o
d
u
l
y
ats
ii
t
h
ir
d
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
t
h
e
co
n
tr
o
l
s
ig
n
al
h
as
f
o
r
m
,
w
h
ic
h
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fig
u
r
e
7
(
a)
.
Fo
r
m
s
ig
n
als
f
o
r
co
n
tr
o
l
alg
o
r
it
h
m
P
W
M
w
i
th
tr
ia
n
g
u
lar
p
r
o
m
o
d
u
lat
io
n
t
h
ir
d
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
ar
e
s
h
o
w
n
in
F
ig
u
r
e
7
(
b
)
.
W
h
en
u
s
in
g
tr
ian
g
u
lar
p
r
o
m
o
d
u
latio
n
s
ig
n
al
ze
r
o
s
eq
u
e
n
ce
is
ca
lc
u
la
ted
as f
o
llo
w
s
U
N0
=
0
.
2
5
A
ar
csin
[
s
i
n
(
3
ω
t)
]
.
(
2
)
I
n
Fig
u
r
e
7
(
a)
an
d
(
b
)
,
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
d
esig
n
ato
r
s
ar
e
m
ad
e:
UAN
UB
N
UC
N
–
th
e
r
esu
l
tin
g
co
n
tr
o
l
s
ig
n
al.
U
s
i
n
g
d
i
f
f
er
en
t
f
o
r
m
s
s
ig
n
al
ze
r
o
s
eq
u
en
ce
p
r
o
v
id
ed
d
if
f
er
en
t
le
v
el
s
o
f
e
lectr
o
m
a
g
n
etic
co
m
p
at
ib
ilit
y
in
v
er
ter
w
it
h
lo
ad
th
at
i
n
t
h
is
c
ase
in
d
u
c
tio
n
m
o
tio
n
.
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
Fo
r
m
s
ig
n
al
co
n
tr
o
l a
lg
o
r
ith
m
P
W
M
w
it
h
p
r
o
m
o
d
u
latio
n
5.
T
H
E
S
T
UDY
CO
N
T
RO
L
A
L
G
O
R
I
T
H
M
S INV
E
RT
E
R
AND
ANA
L
YS
I
S O
F
T
H
E
RE
SU
L
T
S
Fo
r
m
s
c
u
r
r
en
t
s
a
n
d
f
ir
s
t
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
s
v
o
ltag
e
at
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
t
h
e
i
n
v
er
ter
w
it
h
s
in
u
s
o
id
al
P
W
M,
P
W
M
s
in
u
s
o
id
al
p
r
o
m
o
d
u
latio
n
th
ir
d
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
a
n
d
P
W
M
tr
ian
g
u
lar
p
r
o
m
o
d
u
latio
n
t
h
ir
d
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
ar
e
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fig
u
r
e
8
(
a)
-
(
c)
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
T
h
e
g
iv
en
c
u
r
v
e
s
w
a
s
o
b
tai
n
ed
w
ith
f
ac
to
r
m
o
d
u
latio
n
K
M=
1
an
d
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
ca
r
r
ier
s
ig
n
al
f
s
=
1
0
0
0
Hz.
Diag
r
a
m
s
o
f
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
s
o
f
t
h
e
to
tal
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
d
is
to
r
tio
n
f
ac
to
r
o
f
cu
r
r
en
t
at
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
t
h
e
in
v
er
ter
on
v
al
u
es
t
h
e
f
ac
to
r
m
o
d
u
l
atio
n
at
d
if
f
er
en
t
f
r
eq
u
e
n
ci
es
ca
r
r
ier
s
ig
n
al
ar
e
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
9
.
I
n
Fig
u
r
e
8
(
a)
–
in
v
er
ter
w
it
h
s
i
n
u
s
o
id
al
P
W
M;
in
Fig
u
r
e
8
(
b
)
–
in
v
er
ter
w
i
th
P
W
M
s
in
u
s
o
id
al
p
r
o
m
o
d
u
lat
io
n
th
ir
d
h
ar
m
o
n
ic;
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
8
(
b
)
–
in
v
er
ter
w
it
h
P
W
M
tr
i
an
g
u
l
ar
p
r
o
m
o
d
u
latio
n
t
h
ir
d
h
ar
m
o
n
ic.
Diag
r
a
m
s
o
f
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
s
o
f
t
h
e
p
o
w
er
f
ac
to
r
o
n
t
h
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
ca
r
r
ier
s
i
g
n
al
at
d
i
f
f
er
en
t
v
alu
e
s
t
h
e
f
ac
to
r
m
o
d
u
la
tio
n
ar
e
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
0
.
I
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
9
(
a)
–
in
v
er
ter
w
ith
s
i
n
u
s
o
id
al
P
W
M;
in
Fig
u
r
e
9
(
b
)
–
in
v
er
ter
w
it
h
P
W
M
s
in
u
s
o
id
al
p
r
o
m
o
d
u
lat
io
n
th
ir
d
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
;
in
Fig
u
r
e
9
(
b
)
–
in
v
er
ter
w
it
h
P
W
M
tr
ian
g
u
lar
p
r
o
m
o
d
u
latio
n
th
ir
d
h
ar
m
o
n
ic.
Min
i
m
u
m
d
i
s
to
r
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
c
u
r
r
en
t c
u
r
v
e
i
n
e
n
tire
r
a
n
g
e
o
f
v
ar
i
atio
n
m
o
d
u
latio
n
f
ac
to
r
(
T
HDI
≈
0
)
is
p
r
o
v
id
ed
w
it
h
u
s
ed
th
e
s
i
n
u
s
o
id
al
PW
M
w
h
e
n
f
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CO
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as r
ev
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d
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tch
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f
t
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v
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ter
:
a.
s
in
u
s
o
id
al
P
W
M;
b.
P
W
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w
it
h
s
in
u
s
o
id
al
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m
o
d
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latio
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g
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lar
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s
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o
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m
P
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p
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m
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u
latio
n
(
s
i
n
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s
o
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tr
ian
g
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lar
)
ca
n
in
cr
ea
s
e
t
h
e
a
m
p
li
tu
d
e
v
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tp
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t
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t
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ter
o
n
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5
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w
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to
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ar
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ter
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cr
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tio
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(
f
r
eq
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n
c
y
ca
r
r
ier
s
ig
n
al)
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
S
c
h
re
in
e
r
R,
Ka
ly
g
in
A
,
Kriv
o
v
y
a
z
A
.
A
C
d
riv
e
s
b
a
se
d
o
n
d
i
re
c
t
fre
q
u
e
n
c
y
c
o
n
v
e
rters
w
it
h
P
W
M
.
:
Ur
a
l
Bra
n
c
h
o
f
RAS
,
2
0
1
2
.
[2
]
Ko
z
y
a
ru
k
A
.
Dire
c
t
to
rq
u
e
c
o
n
t
ro
l
i
n
A
C
d
riv
e
m
a
c
h
in
e
r
y
m
in
in
g
in
d
u
stry
.
S
a
in
t
Pete
rs
b
u
rg
M
in
in
g
I
n
stit
u
te
,
2
0
0
8
.
[3
]
P
r
o
n
i
n
M
,
V
o
r
o
n
tso
v
A
.
P
o
w
e
rfu
l
ly
c
o
n
tro
ll
a
b
le
se
m
ico
n
d
u
c
to
r
c
o
n
v
e
rters
(m
o
d
e
li
n
g
a
n
d
c
a
lcu
l
a
ti
o
n
).
El
e
c
tric
p
o
we
r
,
2
0
0
3
.
[4
]
Us
o
lt
se
v
A
.
F
re
q
u
e
n
c
y
c
o
n
tro
l
o
f
in
d
u
c
ti
o
n
m
o
to
rs.
IT
M
O Un
ive
rs
i
ty
,
2
0
0
6
.
[5
]
V
in
o
g
ra
d
o
v
A
.
,
V
e
c
to
r
c
o
n
tro
l
o
f
e
lec
tri
c
A
C
d
riv
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.
Iv
a
n
o
v
o
S
t
a
te
Un
ive
rs
it
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r E
n
e
rg
y
,
2
0
0
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.
[6
]
V
a
sili
e
v
B.
,
A
u
to
m
a
ted
e
lec
tri
c
d
riv
e
o
b
jec
ts
m
in
e
ra
l
re
so
u
rc
e
c
o
m
p
lex
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a
p
p
li
c
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ti
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,
m
o
d
e
li
n
g
,
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se
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rc
h
).
Na
ti
o
n
a
l
u
n
ive
rs
it
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mi
n
e
ra
l
re
so
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rc
e
s «
M
in
in
g
in
sti
tu
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,
2
0
1
4
.
[7
]
S
o
z
a
n
sk
i
K.
Dig
it
a
l
S
ig
n
a
l
P
ro
c
e
ss
in
g
in
P
o
w
e
r
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
Co
n
tro
l
Circu
it
s
.
S
p
ri
n
g
e
r
,
2
0
1
3
.
[8
]
Bo
se
K.
M
o
d
e
rn
P
o
w
e
r
El
e
c
tro
n
i
c
s an
d
A
C
Driv
e
s.
Pre
n
ti
c
e
Ha
ll
,
2
0
0
2
.
[9
]
Do
n
c
k
e
r
R,
P
u
l
le
W
,
V
e
lt
m
a
n
A
.
A
d
v
a
n
c
e
d
e
lec
tri
c
a
l
d
riv
e
s: an
a
l
y
sis,
m
o
d
e
li
n
g
,
c
o
n
tr
o
l:
S
p
ri
n
g
e
r
.
2
0
1
1
.
[1
0
]
Ro
d
rig
u
e
z
J,
C
o
rtes
P
,
P
re
d
ictiv
e
Co
n
tr
o
l
o
f
P
o
w
e
r
Co
n
v
e
rters
a
n
d
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
Driv
e
s.
J
o
h
n
&
S
o
n
s
.
2
0
1
2
.
[1
1
]
P
e
ter
A
.
M
o
t
io
n
Co
n
tro
l
i
n
Of
fsh
o
re
a
n
d
Dre
d
g
i
n
g
.
S
p
ri
n
g
e
r
,
2
0
1
0
.
[1
2
]
Ho
lm
e
s D,
L
ip
o
T
.
P
u
lse
w
id
th
m
o
d
u
latio
n
f
o
r
p
o
w
e
r
c
o
n
v
e
rters
:
p
rin
c
ip
les
a
n
d
p
ra
c
ti
c
e
.
IEE
E
Pre
ss
.
2
0
0
3
.
[1
3
]
Ha
rira
m
B,
M
a
rim
u
th
u
N.
S
p
a
c
e
v
e
c
to
r
sw
it
c
h
in
g
p
a
tt
e
rn
s
f
o
r
d
if
f
e
re
n
t
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
a
c
o
m
p
a
ra
ti
v
e
a
n
a
l
y
sis.
Pro
c
e
e
d
in
g
s
o
f
t
h
e
IEE
E
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
In
d
u
stri
a
l
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
.
2
0
0
5
,
p
p
.
1
4
4
4
-
1
4
4
9
[1
4
]
Na
ra
y
a
n
a
n
G
,
Ra
n
g
a
n
a
th
a
n
V
.
S
y
n
c
h
ro
n
ise
d
P
W
M
stra
teg
ies
b
a
s
e
d
o
n
sp
a
c
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v
e
c
to
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a
p
p
ro
a
c
h
.
P
a
rt
1
:
P
rin
c
i
p
les
o
f
w
a
v
e
f
o
r
m
g
e
n
e
ra
ti
o
n
.
IE
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Pro
c
e
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d
in
g
s
o
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El
e
c
tric P
o
we
r A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
.
1
9
9
9
;
1
4
6
(3
):
2
6
7
-
2
7
5
.
[1
5
]
Ak
k
a
r
a
p
a
k
a
A
,
Dh
e
e
re
n
d
ra
S
.
In
tern
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ti
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6
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