Internati
o
nal
Journal of Ele
c
trical
and Computer
Engineering
(IJE
CE)
V
o
l.
4, N
o
. 2
,
A
p
r
il
201
4, p
p
.
23
7
~
24
2
I
S
SN
: 208
8-8
7
0
8
2
37
Jo
urn
a
l
h
o
me
pa
ge
: h
ttp
://iaesjo
u
r
na
l.com/
o
n
lin
e/ind
e
x.ph
p
/
IJECE
Field Monitoring of Trea
ted Industrial Waste Water
Vas
udh
a B
h
andari
*
, Preeti
Abr
o
l
**
*Centre for Dev
o
lpment of Adv
a
nced Computing
,
Mohali, Punjab
, India
**Centre for Devolpment of Ad
vanced
Computing, Mohali, Punjab, Ind
i
a
Article Info
A
B
STRAC
T
Article histo
r
y:
Received
J
u
l 29, 2013
Rev
i
sed
Feb
27
, 20
14
Accepte
d
Mar 9, 2014
Discharge of un
treated industr
ial wate
r on land and in existing waterbodies
has deteriorated
the qu
ality
of
these sources
an
d has become h
a
rmful and
dis
a
s
t
erous
for
hum
an as
well
as
aquat
i
c
life
.
M
a
n
y
a tim
es
e
v
en tre
a
t
e
d
industrial effluents are proved to be ha
rmful. So in the project discussed
below an effort
has been made to test
the tr
eated
industrial waste water and
send the obtain
e
d results to th
e con
cern
e
d in
dustr
y
as well
as pollution
control board
. The sensor used to test
the water
were pH elec
tro
d
e (P
E03),
conductivity
electrode (k
=1
), pu
rity
sensor, ther
mistor. The resu
lts obtain
e
d
from the abov
e s
e
nsors were th
en
sent to
the indu
str
y
control roo
m
as well as
pollution
con
t
rol board.using
Zig
B
ee.
Keyword:
GSM
pH electrode
Co
ndu
ctiv
ity sen
s
o
r
Puri
t
y
se
ns
or
Therm
i
stor
Copyright ©
201
4 Institut
e
o
f
Ad
vanced
Engin
eer
ing and S
c
i
e
nce.
All rights re
se
rve
d
.
Co
rresp
ond
i
ng
Autho
r
:
Vasudha B
h
andari,
C
e
nt
re
fo
r
Dev
e
l
opm
ent
of
A
dva
nce
d
C
o
m
put
i
n
g
M
ohal
i
,
Pu
n
j
a
b
Em
a
il: v
a
su
dhab
h
a
nd
ari.2
@
gmail.co
m
1.
INTRODUCTION
Th
e prin
cip
a
l ob
j
ective o
f
testin
g
th
e treated
waste water is to
ch
eck
th
e
p
u
rity, co
n
d
u
c
tiv
i
t
y, p
H
and
te
m
p
erature
of the wate
r s
o
t
h
at the
water
being
dispos
e
d
off from
the water treatm
e
nt
plant ca
n
be us
ed for
house
h
old ora
g
ric
u
ltural purpos
es.
T
h
e
nee
d
of testing t
h
e
treated industrial waste water arises
because
m
a
ny
a ti
m
e
s th
e waste water of t
h
e ind
u
s
t
r
y is
no
t treated
p
r
o
p
erly du
e t
o
imp
r
op
er ffun
ction
i
ng
o
f
th
e treat
m
en
t
pl
ant
s
. T
h
i
s
i
m
proper t
r
eat
m
e
nt
causes d
a
m
a
ge t
o
hum
an
as well as aquatic life. T
h
e treated wat
e
r of the
i
n
d
u
st
ri
es are
dum
ped i
n
t
o
ri
vers
, l
a
rge wat
e
r bo
di
es an
d a
r
e al
so use
d
f
o
r i
rri
gat
i
o
n p
u
r
pos
es. I
f
t
h
e w
a
t
e
r i
s
n
o
t
treated
p
r
op
erly th
en
it will cau
se d
i
sastrou
s
effect
to
no
t on
ly h
u
man
life b
u
t
also
to
th
e aquatic life.
Irrig
a
tion
with un
treated or
m
o
d
e
rately treated
wast
ewat
er a
n
d efflue
nt
s m
i
ght create
ecological and hum
a
n
health hazards
.
I
n
t
h
e
p
r
ev
ious p
a
p
e
rs th
e aff
ect of
th
e indu
str
i
al
ef
fl
ue
nt
s o
n
t
h
e a
quat
i
c l
i
f
e an
d
h
u
m
a
n l
i
f
e
ha
ve
been
di
sc
usse
d. It
m
a
i
n
l
y
poi
nt
s o
u
t
o
n
t
h
e nee
d
of
fu
rt
her i
m
pro
v
e
m
ent
i
n
t
h
e i
n
d
u
st
ri
al
wa
st
e wat
e
r
t
r
eatm
e
nt
m
e
tho
d
s.
T
h
e
p
r
o
j
ect
bei
n
g
di
sc
usse
d
bel
o
w i
s
base
d
o
n
t
e
s
t
i
ng
of
t
h
e
t
r
e
a
t
e
d i
n
d
u
st
ri
al
wast
e
water. In
th
is
p
r
oj
ect th
e p
H
v
a
lu
e, tem
p
eratu
r
e of
th
e water, con
d
u
c
tivity o
f
water an
d
th
e
v
i
sib
ility i.e.
p
u
rity o
f
th
e water will b
e
tested
for treated
water of
th
e ind
u
s
t
r
y an
d
t
h
e resu
lts ob
tain
ed
will b
e
send
to
th
e
ind
u
stry
c
ont
ro
l ro
om
thro
ug
h
ZigBee.
The
fol
l
o
wi
n
g
sens
ors
are
bei
n
g
us
ed
t
o
test
the treated wat
e
r
of t
h
e indust
ry:
pH electrode
Tem
p
erature s
e
ns
or
Puri
t
y
se
ns
or
Co
ndu
ctiv
ity sen
s
o
r
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
S
SN
:
2
088
-87
08
IJEC
E V
o
l
.
4, No
. 2, A
p
ri
l
20
14
:
23
7 – 2
4
2
23
8
2.
RELATED WORK
The im
pact of the disc
ha
rge
of th
e i
n
dustrial efflue
nts into the
r
eceiving
water
bodies
in Ni
geri
a
resul
t
e
d i
n
t
h
e
prese
n
ce
of
hi
gh c
o
ncent
r
at
i
on
of
p
o
l
l
u
t
a
nt
s i
n
t
h
e wat
e
r and se
di
m
e
nt
. The p
o
l
l
u
t
a
nt
s wer
e
prese
n
t
i
n
t
h
e conce
n
t
r
at
i
o
n
whi
c
h m
a
y
be t
oxi
c t
o
di
ffe
r
e
nt
or
gani
sm
s. The pu
r
pose
of t
h
i
s
pa
per
was t
o
determ
ine the i
m
pact of industrial effluents on the
wa
ter
quality of t
h
e
receiving
rivers in Ni
geria and t
o
aware
pe
ople from
the im
pact of
t
h
e
di
s
p
o
s
al
o
f
i
n
d
u
st
ri
al
ef
fl
ue
nt
s be
f
o
re
pre
-
t
r
eat
m
e
nt
[1]
.
St
udy
on Phy
s
i
c
o-C
h
em
i
cal
Param
e
t
e
rs
of Wast
e W
a
t
e
r Effl
uent
s fr
om
Tal
o
ja In
d
u
st
ri
al
Area of
Mu
m
b
ai was carried
ou
t
wh
ich
rev
ealed
th
at en
g
i
neering
,
p
a
p
e
r
m
ill, fin
e
ch
em
ical, d
y
es, p
a
in
t,
pha
rm
aceutical
, pet
r
oc
hem
i
ca
l and textile indust
r
ies are
some of t
h
e m
a
j
o
r indust
r
ies which a
r
e
responsibl
e
for
p
o
l
l
u
tin
g th
e su
rro
und
ing
aq
u
a
tic env
i
ron
m
en
t. Accord
i
n
g to
t
h
e
ob
serv
ed
resu
lts th
e
pH
v
a
lu
e of the
efflue
nts sam
p
les collected
from
the ab
o
v
e i
n
d
u
st
ri
es
we
re
ei
t
h
er a
b
o
v
e
or
bel
o
w t
h
e l
i
m
i
t
of
6.
5 t
o
8.
5.
Th
e
cont
e
n
t
s
of
t
o
t
a
l
di
ss
ol
ve
d s
o
l
i
d
s, t
h
e
c
h
l
o
ri
de
val
u
e
,
B
O
D, COD all
were above the
ac
ceptable lim
its. T
h
ese
i
n
d
u
st
ri
al
ef
fl
u
e
nt
s res
u
l
t
e
d i
n
p
o
l
l
u
t
i
o
n
of
t
h
e Kasa
rdi
R
i
ver t
h
ere
b
y
af
f
ect
i
ng t
h
e
gr
o
w
t
h
of
ve
get
a
t
i
on a
n
d
aq
u
a
tic life. Th
e
resu
lts
po
in
ted
ou
t on
t
h
e n
e
ed
to im
p
l
e
m
en
t co
mmo
n
obj
ec
tives, and
programmes for
im
pro
v
em
ent
in t
h
e
i
n
du
st
ri
al
wast
e
wat
e
r t
r
eatm
e
nt
m
e
t
hods
[2]
.
In
an
o
t
h
e
r
report, stud
y o
f
water qu
ality at M
a
n
g
ro
v
e
islands was don
e. In
th
is repo
rt th
e
p
a
ram
e
ters
tested
fo
r water q
u
a
lity
were
t
e
m
p
erat
ure,
p
H
,
Di
ss
ol
ve
d
Oxy
g
e
n
(
D
O),
B
i
oc
hem
i
cal
O
x
y
g
e
n
De
m
a
nd
(
B
OD
)
,
Ch
em
i
cal O
x
y
g
en
De
m
a
n
d
(
C
OD
), Tur
b
i
d
ity, To
t
a
l Su
sp
en
d
e
d
So
lid
(
T
SS), To
tal Or
g
a
n
i
c C
a
r
bon
(TOC
) and
Ammoniacal Nitroge
n
(N
H3-N). It
was found that the
Ai
r
H
i
t
a
m
,
Judah a
n
d Kel
u
an
g
ri
ve
rs we
re
ex
p
e
rien
ci
n
g
co
n
t
am
in
atio
n
an
d po
llu
tion
p
r
o
b
l
em
s d
u
e
to
d
i
spo
s
al
o
f
efflu
e
n
t
s fro
m
p
a
lm
o
il
mill [3
].
C
o
nsi
d
e
r
i
n
g t
h
e a
r
t
i
c
l
e
p
ubl
i
s
hed
i
n
The
Tim
e
s Of
I
ndi
a ne
ws
pape
r
o
n
29
m
a
rch
20
13
“H
u
n
d
r
e
d
s
of
fi
s
h
died
i
n
highly
contam
inated Sutlej wate
r”
whic
h states that due
to t
h
e
disp
osal of
indu
str
i
al w
a
ste w
a
t
e
r
fr
o
m
Lud
h
i
an
a in
to
th
e Su
tlej
ri
v
e
r h
und
red
s
of fish
d
i
e in
th
e riv
e
r, ap
art fro
m
fish
es th
e
h
i
gh
ly co
n
t
amin
ated
water als
o
ca
used
problem
s
for t
h
e
hum
an bei
ngs
living nea
r
t
h
e ca
na
ls.
T
h
e c
onta
m
inated wate
r is also
flowing
towards Raj
a
st
h
a
n,
wh
ere it is ta
king a t
o
ll especia
lly on the
fa
rmers
[4].
Tak
i
ng
i
n
to
the con
s
id
eration
th
e
recen
tly p
u
b
lish
e
d
article in
Th
e Econo
m
i
c Ti
mes n
e
wsp
a
p
e
r
on
2
1
A
p
r
il 2
013"Lakh
s of
f
i
sh d
i
e in
K
a
li Bein
” w
h
ich
states th
at lak
h
s
o
f
f
i
sh
es d
i
e
du
e to
r
e
d
u
c
ed
f
l
ow
o
f
fresh
water and
co
n
tinuo
us flo
w
o
f
d
i
rty water i
n
to
Kal
i
Bein
. Th
e
po
llu
ted
water
fro
m
Kap
u
rth
a
la, as
Sewerag
e
Treat
m
en
t Plan
t (STP) of th
e town
was no
t
wo
rk
ing
prop
erly,
as well as from so
m
e
o
t
h
e
r v
illag
e
s
an
d
sm
all
to
wn
s was con
tinuo
u
s
ly flowing
in
to
it. Du
e to
t
h
e t
h
e co
nt
i
n
u
ous
fl
o
w
of
di
r
t
y
wat
e
r and re
duc
e
d
flo
w
o
f
fres
h
water, la
k
h
s
of
fish
die in
the
rive
r.
Th
e d
i
rt
y
water
i.e.
th
e
waste water wh
ich
was no
t
treated
pr
o
p
erl
y
d
u
e t
o
i
m
pro
p
er
w
o
rki
ng
o
f
t
h
e
se
wera
ge
pl
an
t, th
e
p
o
llu
ted
water fro
m
th
e v
i
llag
e
s and
t
o
wn
s all
to
g
e
th
er
was
du
m
p
ed
in
to th
e riv
e
r
[5
].
3.
SEN
S
OR
S AN
D SPEC
IFIC
A
T
IONS:
3.
1. pH
E
l
ectr
o
de
The p
H
el
ect
r
ode i
s
use
d
t
o
det
e
rm
i
n
e wh
et
her t
h
e s
o
l
u
t
i
on
or t
h
e
wat
e
r bei
ng t
e
st
e
d
i
s
aci
di
c,
alkaline
or ne
utral.
pH is t
h
e im
portant
param
e
ter
as
m
o
st of the
c
h
em
ical reactions
in the
aquatic
envi
ro
nm
ent
are co
nt
r
o
l
l
e
d
by
any
va
ri
at
i
on i
n
i
t
s
val
u
e.
W
a
t
e
r
wi
t
h
pH
val
u
e
of
10
or a
b
ove
r
e
fl
ects
cont
am
i
n
at
i
on
by
st
r
o
n
g
base
s suc
h
as
N
a
O
H
a
n
d
C
a
(
O
H)
2.
In
th
is proj
ect, th
e electro
d
e
u
s
ed
is PE03
an
d
its pu
rpo
s
e
is to
d
e
term
in
e th
e acid
i
city,
alk
a
lin
ity o
r
th
e n
e
u
t
rality o
f
th
e treated
water o
f
t
h
e indu
stry. PE03
is a g
e
n
e
ral pu
rpo
s
e pH electrod
e
who
s
e pH ran
g
e
is
1 t
o
1
3
p
H
.
It
s
m
easures a
r
e
1
2
.
3
m
m
di
am
eter
x
16
0 m
m
l
e
ngt
h.
pH electrode
consist of an
active electrode a
nd a refe
re
nce electrode. These two el
ectrodes are
physically com
b
ined into
one electro
de
.
A com
b
inational electrode
consis
t of a gl
ass electrode
whic
h is
surrounded
by a conce
n
tric refere
nce electrode
. The
refe
re
nce electrode
consists of a silver wire in
contact
with
th
e app
r
ox
im
a
t
ely in
so
lu
b
l
e
Ag
Cl. C
o
n
t
act with
th
e
so
lu
tion
to
b
e
measu
r
ed
is
v
i
a a KCl fillin
g
so
lu
tion
.
To
avo
i
d
m
i
x
i
n
g
of t
h
e so
lu
tio
n to
b
e
m
easured and
t
h
e
fillin
g so
l
u
tion
,
a
p
o
ro
u
s
seal, t
h
e d
i
aphrag
m
,
is u
s
ed
.
The p
H
pr
obe
bei
n
g use
d
pr
o
duce
s
a
sm
al
l
vol
t
a
ge
a
r
o
u
n
d
0.
06
v
o
l
t
pe
r p
H
uni
t
.
Thi
s
v
o
l
t
a
ge
m
a
y
v
a
ry so
lu
tion
t
o
so
lu
tion
.
Th
i
s
vo
ltag
e
is m
easu
r
ed
and
is t
h
en sen
d
to
ADC. Th
e
ADC
co
nv
erts it in
to d
i
g
ital
form
an
d
send
it to
th
e m
i
cro
c
o
n
t
ro
ller.
3.
2. C
o
nd
ucti
vi
t
y
sens
or
Th
e co
ndu
ctiv
i
t
y sen
s
or is
u
s
ed
to
m
easu
r
e
th
e to
tal ion
con
cen
t
r
atio
n in
th
e aqu
e
o
u
s
solu
tio
n
.
It is
use
d
to m
easure the electrical con
d
u
c
tiv
it
y o
f
th
e so
lu
t
i
o
n
.
C
o
ndu
ctiv
ity p
r
ob
e is
acally
measu
r
in
g
t
h
e
conductance
that is inve
rsely
pro
p
o
tion
a
l to
resistan
ce.C
o
nd
u
c
tiv
ity is
foun
d u
s
i
n
g
form
u
l
a as b
e
l
o
w:
C = G
* K
c
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
ECE
I
S
SN
:
208
8-8
7
0
8
Fi
el
d Mo
ni
t
o
ri
ng
of
Tre
a
t
e
d
I
n
d
u
st
ri
al
Wast
e Wat
e
r (
V
as
u
d
h
a
Bh
a
n
d
a
ri
)
23
9
Whe
r
e
G =
co
nd
uct
a
nce
a
n
d
K
c=
Cell Con
s
tan
t
.
Cell co
n
s
tan
t
is d
e
term
in
ed
by th
e fo
rm
u
l
a as b
e
l
o
w:
K
c =
d/
A
D= distance be
tween
t
h
e
two electrodes
a
n
d A=
a
r
ea of
t
h
e electrode
surfa
ce.
The co
n
duct
i
v
i
t
y
sensor
bei
n
g use
d
i
n
t
h
i
s
pr
o
j
ect
i
s
of cel
l
const
a
nt
i
.
e.
k=1
.
0
.
C
o
nd
uc
t
i
v
i
t
y
probe
con
s
i
s
t
s
of t
w
o
part
s a
n
o
d
e a
n
d cat
h
ode
. T
h
e
di
st
ance
bet
w
een t
h
e t
w
o i
s
f
i
xed.
Wh
en t
h
e
pot
e
n
t
i
a
l
di
ffe
rence
is ap
p
lied
b
e
t
w
een
th
e two
electro
d
e
s t
h
e cu
rren
t is p
r
odu
ced. Th
e resu
ltin
g
curren
t
is p
r
opo
tio
n
a
l
to
th
e
co
ndu
ctiv
ity o
f
th
e so
lu
ti
o
n
. Th
is curren
t
is th
en
con
v
e
rted
in
to
vo
ltag
e
wh
ich
is further send
to
ADC fo
r
co
nv
er
sion
.
The co
nd
uct
i
v
i
t
y
sensor use
d
i
n
t
h
e pro
j
ect
has AB
S b
o
d
y
and has
paral
l
el
grap
hi
t
e
el
ect
ro
des. It
s
di
m
e
nsi
ons a
r
e
1
2
m
m
out
er di
am
et
er and
1
5
0
m
m
l
e
ngt
h
.
It
s t
e
m
p
erat
ure
r
a
nge
i
s
f
r
o
m
0 t
o
8
9
0
C.
3.
3. Puri
t
y
Se
nsor
The
pu
ri
t
y
sen
s
or
bei
ng
use
d
i
n
t
h
e
pr
o
j
ect
i
s
sel
f
m
a
de senso
r
.
It
i
s
i
n
e
x
pen
s
i
v
e a
n
d
ea
sy
t
o
use
.
It
i
n
cl
ude
s LE
D
(l
i
ght
em
i
t
t
i
ng
di
o
d
e) a
n
d L
D
R
(l
i
ght
depe
n
d
ent
resi
st
o
r).
B
o
t
h
LE
D a
n
d
LDR
are
seal
ed i
n
a
test tu
b
e
so that water cou
l
d no
t en
ter t
h
e
test tu
b
e
. Bot
h
are
sepa
rated by t
h
e
distance of
12cm
and a
r
e
inserted int
o
the treated was
t
e wate
r. The
light that is transm
itted fro
m the LED is
receive
d by the LDR.
More is
the light recei
ved by
the
L
D
R, m
o
re
pure
is the
wat
e
r.
The
output vol
t
age is c
o
nvert
e
d
int
o
ste
p
siz
e
usi
n
g form
ula:
Step
size for 1V
X=
Step size
for t
h
e output voltage,
Z=
∗
(1
)
Th
e
v
a
lu
e of Z is equ
a
l to th
e
p
u
rity %.
3.4. Tem
p
erature Sens
or
The tem
p
erature sens
or being used
i
n
the project is therm
i
stor. T
h
e
r
m
i
stors a
r
e i
n
e
xpe
nsi
v
e
,
easy
t
o
use, a
d
apt
a
bl
e
and easi
l
y
o
b
t
ai
nabl
e t
e
m
p
erat
ure se
ns
or
s.
These are c
o
nst
r
uct
e
d
of se
m
i
cond
uct
o
r
m
a
t
e
ri
al
with
a
resistiv
i
t
y th
at is sen
s
it
iv
e to
tem
p
eratu
r
e.
A therm
i
stor is a te
m
p
erature depe
ndent re
sistor.
Whe
n
te
m
p
erature change
s, the resi
stance of the
therm
i
stor cha
nge
s. Ac
cordi
n
g to
Ohm
’
s La
w resista
n
ce is
d
i
rectly p
r
o
potio
n
a
l to
vo
ltag
e
. Th
erefo
r
e,
as th
e
resistance c
h
a
nge
s voltage a
l
so cha
n
ges.T
h
e cha
nge i
n
voltag
e
is
m
easu
r
ed
and
is send
to
t
h
e ADC
for th
e
co
nv
er
sion
.
4.
E
X
PERI
MEN
T
AL SETUP
Th
e exp
e
r
i
m
e
n
t
al setu
p
gener
a
lly in
clu
d
e
s a p
H
electr
o
d
e
, condu
ctiv
ity sen
s
o
r
, pu
rity sen
s
o
r
,
t
e
m
p
erat
ure se
nso
r
,
ADC
08
0
8
, m
i
crocont
r
o
l
l
e
r AT8
9
S
5
2
,
LC
D an
d Zi
gB
ee. The m
a
i
n
pur
p
o
se o
f
AD
C
i
s
t
o
co
nv
ert th
e analo
g
ou
tpu
t
o
f
th
e sen
s
o
r
s into
th
e d
i
g
ital fo
rm
an
d th
en
send
it to th
e
micro
c
on
tro
ller.
The
analog output is conve
rted to digital form
because
m
i
crocont
roller cannot
proce
ss the
analog
o
u
t
p
u
t
.ADC080
8 is an
8
b
it an
alog
to
d
i
g
ital co
nv
ertor
with
8
i
n
p
u
t
an
alo
g
ch
an
nels.
Th
e i
n
pu
t th
at
is too
co
nv
erted
i
n
to
d
i
g
ital fo
rm
can
b
e
selected
with
th
e h
e
l
p
of three a
d
dress
lines. T
h
e
voltage
refe
rence
c
a
n
be
set
by
vre
f
-
a
n
d
vre
f
+
.
T
h
e
s
t
ep si
ze i
s
base
d
on
t
h
e
set
ref
e
rence
val
u
e.
The
de
faul
t
st
e
p
si
ze
o
f
t
h
e
A
D
C
i
s
19
.5
3 m
V
wi
th 5
V
as t
h
e r
e
fere
nce v
o
l
t
a
ge. It
s co
n
v
ers
i
on t
i
m
e
i
s
100
μ
s.
It wo
rk
s
at 15
m
W
.
It need
s
external cloc
k
to ope
r
ate.
The m
i
croco
n
t
r
ol
l
e
r
AT
89
S5
2 i
s
a l
o
w p
o
w
er
, hi
gh
per
f
o
r
m
a
nce C
M
OS
8-
bi
t
m
i
croco
n
t
r
ol
l
e
r
havi
ng
8
K
by
t
e
s of
i
n
sy
st
em
pr
og
ram
m
a
bl
e Fl
as
h m
e
m
o
ry
. It
has
25
6
by
t
e
s
of
R
A
M
,
32
I/
O
l
i
n
es,
Wat
c
h
d
o
g
t
i
m
e
r, t
w
o
dat
a
poi
nt
ers, t
h
ree
16 bi
t
t
i
m
e
rs and co
u
n
t
e
rs,
a si
x vect
or
t
w
o l
e
vel
i
n
t
e
rr
upt
arch
itecture, a
fu
ll du
p
l
ex
seri
al p
o
r
t,
on
ch
i
p
o
s
cillato
r, an
d clo
c
k
circu
itry. Th
e
AT89
S52
h
a
s static lo
gic for
ope
rat
i
o
n d
o
w
n
t
o
zer
o fre
q
u
ency
an
d s
u
p
p
o
r
t
s
t
w
o s
o
ft
ware sel
ect
abl
e
po
wer sa
vi
n
g
m
odes. It
h
a
s an
endurance of 1000
write/erase
cycles. It has programm
a
b
le serial
ch
an
n
e
l.
At89
S52 is id
eal lo
w p
o
wer
ope
rat
a
bl
e
a
n
d has p
o
we
r do
w
n
m
odes.
Zi
gB
ee i
s
a wi
rel
e
ss t
ech
nol
o
g
y
de
vel
o
pe
d a
s
an
ope
n
gl
o
b
a
l
st
anda
rd t
o
deal
wi
t
h
t
h
e u
n
i
q
ue
needs
of l
o
w cost
, l
o
w p
o
we
r wi
rel
e
ss M
2
M
net
w
or
ks. Zi
gB
ee i
s
basi
cal
l
y
desi
gne
d t
o
com
m
uni
cat
e dat
a
t
h
ro
u
g
h
h
o
s
tile RF environ
m
en
ts th
at are usu
a
lly commo
n
to
indu
strial an
d co
m
m
ercial ap
p
licatio
n
s
. It
h
a
s l
o
w du
ty
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
S
SN
:
2
088
-87
08
IJEC
E V
o
l
.
4, No
. 2, A
p
ri
l
20
14
:
23
7 – 2
4
2
24
0
cy
cl
e i
.
e. i
t
has l
o
n
g
bat
t
e
ry
l
i
f
e, l
o
w l
a
t
e
n
c
y
.
It
has u
p
t
o
65
00
0 n
o
d
es
per
net
w
or
k.
Zi
gB
ee net
w
or
ks are
secure
d
by
1
2
8
bi
t
enc
r
y
p
t
i
o
n key
s
.
I
t
s
ra
n
g
e i
s
1
0
0
-
30
0
Ft
. The e
x
per
i
m
e
nt
al
set
up i
s
sho
w
n i
n
fi
gu
re
1
bel
o
w:
Fi
gu
re
1.
B
l
oc
k
di
ag
ram
of t
h
e ex
peri
m
e
nt
al set
u
p
To
p
e
rfo
rm
th
e exp
e
rim
e
n
t
th
e treated
waste water is tak
e
n
.
All th
e
sen
s
ors are
d
i
pp
ed
in
t
o
th
e water.
p
H
sen
s
or is an
activ
e elem
e
n
t it do
es
no
t
n
eed an
y
po
wer su
pp
ly. Th
e electric po
tential will b
e
created
b
e
tween
th
e
g
l
ass electrod
e and
t
h
e referen
c
e el
ectrod
e
. Th
is
v
o
l
tag
e
will v
a
ry water to
water. The
obt
ai
ne
d
vol
t
a
ge i
s
t
h
en se
nt
t
o
t
h
e A
D
C
for c
o
n
v
e
r
s
i
on i
n
t
o
di
gi
t
a
l
form
and i
s
t
h
en se
nt
t
o
t
h
e
micro
c
on
tro
ller.
Co
ndu
ctiv
ity sen
s
o
r
wh
en immersed
in
t
o
the so
lu
ti
o
n
will pu
t fo
rce on
t
o
th
e ch
arged
io
n
s
i
n
the
water wh
ich
pu
shes th
em
to
eith
er cath
o
d
e
o
r
an
od
e.
Th
e flow o
f
ion
s
in th
e so
lu
tion
will cau
se cu
rren
t
to
fl
o
w
. Thi
s
cu
r
r
ent
i
s
pr
op
ot
i
onal
t
o
t
h
e co
nd
uct
i
v
i
t
y
of t
h
e sol
u
t
i
on
. Furt
her t
h
e cu
rr
ent
i
s
conve
rt
e
d
i
n
t
o
v
o
ltag
e
. Th
is
vo
ltag
e
is send
t
o
ADC
fo
r
conv
ersi
o
n
wh
ich
is furth
e
r send
to
m
i
cro
c
o
n
t
roller.
Purity se
nsor
will check t
h
e
am
ount
of light received by t
h
e L
D
R ie
am
ount
of voltage
received. T
h
e
out
put
v
o
l
t
a
ge
i
s
t
h
en
se
nt
t
o
t
h
e
ADC
.
St
e
p
si
ze
of
A
D
C
is 25
6. Th
e
ou
tpu
t
vo
ltag
e
i
s
th
en conv
er
t
e
d
in
t
o
th
e step size wh
ich
is equ
a
l to th
e
p
u
rity %.
Th
e co
m
put
ed
val
u
e i
s
t
h
e
n
se
nt
t
o
t
h
e m
i
crocont
rol
l
e
r.
Tem
p
erat
ure s
e
ns
or
use
d
i
n
t
h
i
s
pr
o
j
ect
i
s
t
h
erm
i
st
or.
Therm
i
st
or i
s
a t
e
m
p
erat
ur
e de
pe
nda
nt
resisto
r
.
With
t
h
e ch
an
g
e
in the tem
p
erature,
the re
sistance
of the
therm
i
st
or cha
n
ges. As
we
know,
resistance
an
d vo
ltag
e
are d
i
rectly pro
p
o
tio
n
a
l t
o
each o
t
h
e
r. Th
er
efore
with
th
e ch
an
g
e
in
resistance vo
ltag
e
will also
ch
ang
e
.Th
i
s chan
g
e
i
n
vo
ltage will b
e
m
eas
u
r
ed
and
will b
e
send
to
ADC. ADC
will co
nv
ert it in
to
d
i
g
ital
form
an
d
will fu
rt
h
e
r
send
it t
o
m
i
cro
c
on
tro
ller.
5.
RESULTS
The s
e
tup is t
e
sted
for
6
dy
s and ea
ch da
y the
t
r
eat
e
d
i
n
d
u
st
ri
al
wat
e
r has bee
n
c
h
ange
d.
T
h
e
m
o
n
ito
red
results
o
f
each
d
a
y after
testing
is sh
own
b
e
low:
Tab
l
e 1
Ob
tained
Resu
lts
Days
pH
Conductivity (
%
)
Purity (
%
)
Te
m
p
e
r
ature
(
cen
tigrades)
1
8
67
88
16
2
9 69
90
17
3
8.
2
72
87
16
4
7.
9 75
89
18
5
7.
5
78
91
17
6
8.
5 71
86
16
A
D
C0808
pH
electrode
Conductivity
sensor
Purity
sensor
ZigBee
Transm
i
tter
LCD
A
T
89S
5
2
ZigBe
e
Recieve
r
LCD
Tem
p
eratur
e
se
ns
or
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
ECE
I
S
SN
:
208
8-8
7
0
8
Fi
el
d Mo
ni
t
o
ri
ng
of
Tre
a
t
e
d
I
n
d
u
st
ri
al
Wast
e Wat
e
r (
V
as
u
d
h
a
Bh
a
n
d
a
ri
)
24
1
Fig
u
re 2
.
Graph
for Ob
tain
ed
Resu
lts
6.
CO
NCL
USI
O
N
W
i
t
h
th
e
g
r
o
w
in
g
indu
strialisatio
n
water as
well as
ai
r pol
l
u
t
i
on i
s
al
s
o
i
n
creasing. T
h
erefore,
only
treatin
g
t
h
e i
n
d
u
s
t
r
ial waste
water is no
t en
oug
h. So an
effo
rt
h
a
s b
e
en
m
a
d
e
to
test
th
e treated
i
n
d
u
s
t
r
ial
waste
water.
Test fo
r
pH, co
ndu
ctiv
ity, purity, TDS an
d t
e
m
p
erat
ure
ha
s
bee
n
per
f
o
rm
ed on
t
h
e wat
e
r
f
r
o
m
th
e treatm
e
n
t
plan
t of th
e leath
e
r ind
u
s
t
r
y.
After testin
g
t
h
e t
r
eat
e
d
wat
e
r c
oncl
u
si
o
n
has
bee
n
m
a
de t
h
at
t
h
e
values
of the
param
e
ters (be
i
ng c
onsi
d
ere
d
) cha
nge
s acco
rdi
ng to t
h
e efflue
nts left in the water. M
o
re the
i
m
p
u
r
ity in
water, m
o
re is its co
ndu
ctiv
ity. Th
e
v
a
lu
e
o
f
pH,
p
u
rity an
d
TDS also
chang
e
s if the water is no
t
treated properl
y
.
ACKNOWLE
DGE
M
ENTS
We are ve
ry
grat
eful
t
o
C
-
D
A
C
M
ohal
i
fo
r pr
o
v
i
d
i
n
g us
m
eans t
o
carry
out
ou
r rese
arch w
o
rk i
n
scru
p
u
l
o
us wa
y
.
W
e
ar
e al
so great
f
u
l
t
o
M
H
R
D
, G
ovt
o
f
I
n
di
a fo
r pr
o
v
i
d
i
ng
us a pl
at
fo
r
m
t
o
do ou
r re
search
wo
rk
.
REFERE
NC
ES
[1]
KANU, IJEOMA and ACHI, O.K.*, ” Industr
ial effluen
t
s and their impact on
wa
ter quality
of
receiv
i
ng rivers
in
Nigeria”, Journal of applied
technolog
y
in env
i
ronmental sanitation
,
Volume
1 Number 1: 75-86, July
, 201
1©
T2011, Depar
t
m
e
nt of Enviro
nm
ental Engin
e
ering Sepul
uh
Nopem
b
er institute of t
echnol
og
y
,
Surabay
a
&
Indonesian Society
of
Sanitar
y
and Envi
ronmental
Engineers, J
a
k
a
rta. Open
access http::// www.tr
isanita.org/jates.
[2]
Ram S. Lokhan
d
e, Prav
in U.
Singare, Deep
ali S. Pimple,”
Stud
y on Ph
y
s
ico-Chemical
Par
a
meter
s
of Waste Water
Effluen
t
s from
Taloja Industrial Area of Mumb
ai, India”,
Intern
ation
a
l Journal o
f
Ecos
y
s
tem 2011; 1(1): 1-9 DOI
:
10.5923/j.ije.201
10101.01.
[3]
Az
inoor Az
ida
Abu Ba
ka
r,
Nurha
f
idza
h Ahma
d,
Ma
rfia
h
Ab.
Wa
hid,
Fa
ez
a
h
Kama
ruddi
n,
Isma
il Ata
n
,
Za
hrulla
ili
Yah
y
a, Wardah
Tahir
,
Juhai
zad
Ahmad and Aminuddin B
a
ki,”
Stud
y
of
Water
Quality
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rove Island
: C
a
se
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of Care
y
I
s
land”, 2010 Int
e
rnat
ional Conf
e
r
ence on
Sci
e
nc
e
and Social Rese
arch (CSSR 2010), Decem
ber 5
-
7, 2010
, Kuala
Lumpur, Malay
s
ia
[4]
Neel kamal, “Hundreds of fish
died
in
highly
contaminated
Sutlej water”,
http:/
/tim
esofind
i
a.india
tim
es.co
m
/topic/Hundreds-Of-Fish-Died
-In
-Highl
y
-
Cont
am
inated-Sut
lej-
Water
, TOI 29
Mar 2013, 20:25
IST.
[5]
IP Singh, ” Lak
h
s of fish di
e in
Kali
Bein
”, htt
p
://t
im
esofindia.indiat
im
es.com
/t
opic/L
a
khs-Of-Fish-Died-In-Kali
-
Bein
, ET 21 Apr
2013, 03:03 IST
0
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1234
56
Results Obtained
pH
conductivity
(%)
purity
(%)
temperature
(centigrades)
days
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
S
SN
:
2
088
-87
08
IJEC
E V
o
l
.
4, No
. 2, A
p
ri
l
20
14
:
23
7 – 2
4
2
24
2
BIOGRAP
HI
ES OF
AUTH
ORS
Vasudha Bhandari is pursuing
her
M-tech
th
esis in Electron
i
c Product Design
and
Techno
log
y
in
C-DAC Mohali.
Her field of Interest are VHDL,
Control s
y
stems, Embe
dded Sy
stem Designing,
MATLAB, C, C
++.
Preeti Abrol is
working as Principa
l Design En
gi
neer
at C-DAC, Mohali. Her
proficiency
is in
embedded s
y
s
t
ems and C,
C+
+,
UNIX,
JAVA pr
ogramming.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.