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I
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8
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A
Gu
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f
y
in
g
t
h
e
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
th
at
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
b
asis
f
o
r
in
te
g
r
atio
n
.
T
-
GI
UE
SE
r
esu
lt
s
f
r
o
m
id
en
ti
f
icatio
n
o
f
co
m
m
o
n
ac
tiv
i
ties
a
n
d
esta
b
lis
h
m
e
n
t
o
f
w
h
er
ea
s
co
m
m
o
n
ar
tif
ac
ts
an
d
d
ep
en
d
en
cie
s
.
T
h
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
is
to
o
l,
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
tea
m
s
w
il
l
b
e
ab
le
to
s
et,
p
r
io
r
itize,
an
d
ev
alu
a
te
u
s
ab
il
it
y
a
s
p
ec
ts
s
m
o
o
t
h
l
y
d
u
r
in
g
th
eir
p
r
o
j
ec
ts
as
w
ell
as lea
r
n
t
o
u
s
e
an
d
u
n
d
er
s
ta
n
d
th
e
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
s
-
an
d
m
e
th
o
d
s
-
b
ased
u
s
ab
ilit
y
e
v
al
u
atio
n
.
2.
I
SO
ST
ANDA
RD
S IN U
E
A
ND
SE
T
h
is
s
ec
tio
n
p
r
o
v
id
es
th
e
b
ac
k
g
r
o
u
n
d
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
o
n
th
e
I
S
O
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
s
r
elate
d
to
UE
an
d
SE,
to
s
h
o
w
th
e
b
asi
s
o
f
s
elec
tin
g
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iate
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
f
o
r
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
to
o
l.
T
h
e
f
o
llo
w
in
g
s
ec
tio
n
s
d
is
cu
s
s
ea
ch
s
tan
d
ar
d
in
d
etail
.
2
.
1
.
Sta
nd
a
rds
in
So
f
t
wa
re
E
ng
ineering
So
f
t
w
ar
e
E
n
g
in
ee
r
i
n
g
(
SE)
s
t
an
d
ar
d
s
d
ef
i
n
e
th
e
r
u
le
s
,
g
u
id
elin
es
a
n
d
p
r
o
p
er
ties
o
f
p
r
o
ce
s
s
ele
m
e
n
t
s
th
at
ar
e
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
ed
f
o
r
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t.
As
s
u
ch
,
SE
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
d
ef
i
n
e
a
f
r
a
m
e
wo
r
k
f
o
r
SE
m
o
d
el
s
o
n
a
h
ig
h
er
le
v
el
o
f
ab
s
tr
ac
tio
n
.
T
h
is
u
lti
m
atel
y
s
u
p
p
o
r
ts
t
h
e
co
n
s
i
s
ten
c
y
,
co
m
p
atib
il
it
y
a
n
d
ex
c
h
a
n
g
ea
b
ilit
y
o
f
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
,
lead
in
g
to
i
m
p
r
o
v
ed
co
m
m
u
n
ica
tio
n
a
n
d
p
r
o
d
u
ct
q
u
alit
y
.
T
o
r
ea
ch
th
e
d
esire
d
o
u
tco
m
es
ab
o
v
e,
SE
m
o
d
els
s
h
o
u
ld
co
m
p
l
y
w
i
th
t
h
e
co
n
d
itio
n
s
d
ef
i
n
ed
b
y
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
b
o
th
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
s
an
d
SE
Mo
d
els
ca
n
n
o
t
b
e
ap
p
lied
d
ir
ec
tly
an
d
n
ee
d
to
b
e
ad
ap
ted
to
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
o
r
g
an
izat
io
n
al
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
An
SE
m
o
d
el
ca
n
o
n
l
y
b
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
a
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
af
ter
b
ei
n
g
f
it
ted
to
o
r
g
an
izat
io
n
al
a
s
p
ec
ts
,
a
n
d
th
er
e
af
ter
p
u
t
to
p
r
ac
tice.
T
h
u
s
,
o
p
er
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
r
esu
lt
f
r
o
m
b
o
th
an
u
n
d
er
l
y
i
n
g
SE
m
o
d
el
an
d
th
e
o
r
g
a
n
i
za
tio
n
al
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
a
ctiv
itie
s
.
T
h
er
e
ar
e
m
u
ltip
le
in
ter
n
atio
n
a
l
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
s
f
o
r
SE,
b
u
t
o
n
l
y
th
o
s
e
co
n
ce
r
n
in
g
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
e
s
w
i
ll
b
e
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
.
T
ab
le
1
b
elo
w
lis
t
s
an
d
d
escr
i
b
es th
e
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
s
an
d
tech
n
ical
r
ep
o
r
ts
f
o
r
SE.
2
.
2
.
Sta
nd
a
rds
in
Usa
bil
it
y
E
ng
ineering
Usab
ilit
y
E
n
g
in
ee
r
i
n
g
(
UE
)
h
as
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
s
i
m
ilar
to
So
f
t
war
e
E
n
g
i
n
ee
r
in
g
(
SE)
,
w
h
ich
also
s
er
v
e
s
as
a
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
to
en
s
u
r
e
co
n
s
i
s
te
n
c
y
,
co
m
p
atib
ilit
y
,
e
x
ch
an
g
ea
b
ili
t
y
,
an
d
q
u
alit
y
co
n
s
i
s
ten
t
w
it
h
d
e
f
i
n
ed
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
UE
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
ar
e
u
s
er
ce
n
tr
ic
an
d
f
o
cu
s
ed
o
n
th
e
co
n
s
tr
u
ctio
n
o
f
u
s
ab
le
s
o
l
u
tio
n
s
.
A
cc
o
r
d
in
g
to
N
ig
el
B
ev
a
n
[
1
5
]
,
th
er
e
ar
e
4
cla
s
s
es
o
f
u
s
ab
il
it
y
r
elate
d
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
s
,
d
ea
lin
g
w
it
h
:
1
.
T
h
e
u
s
e
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
d
u
ct,
2
.
u
s
er
i
n
ter
f
ac
e
an
d
in
ter
ac
tio
n
,
3
.
t
h
e
p
r
o
d
u
ct
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
a
n
d
4
.
th
e
ca
p
ab
ilit
y
o
f
an
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
to
ap
p
ly
u
s
er
-
c
en
tr
ic
d
esig
n
s
.
Am
o
n
g
t
h
ese
class
es,
o
u
r
co
n
ce
r
n
i
s
m
ai
n
l
y
o
n
th
e
p
r
o
d
u
ct
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
s
p
ec
i
f
i
ca
ll
y
,
th
e
p
la
n
n
in
g
o
f
a
u
s
a
b
ilit
y
p
r
o
ce
s
s
an
d
th
e
i
n
co
r
p
o
r
atio
n
o
f
u
s
ab
ilit
y
ac
tiv
itie
s
i
n
t
h
e
d
e
v
elo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
i
n
ter
ac
ti
v
e
s
y
s
te
m
s
.
T
ab
le
2
b
elo
w
li
s
ts
an
d
d
escr
ib
e
s
th
e
i
n
ter
n
atio
n
al
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
an
d
tec
h
n
ica
l r
ep
o
r
t
s
r
elate
d
to
u
s
ab
ilit
y
e
v
al
u
atio
n
(
UE
)
.
T
ab
le
1
.
I
n
ter
n
atio
n
al
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
s
o
f
SE
S
o
f
t
w
a
r
e
e
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
Std
Y
e
a
r
D
e
scr
i
p
t
i
o
n
IS
O/
IE
C
1
5
2
8
8
[
1
2
]
2
0
1
5
T
h
i
s
st
a
n
d
a
r
d
e
st
a
b
l
i
s
h
e
s
a
c
o
mm
o
n
f
r
a
me
w
o
r
k
f
o
r
d
e
scri
b
i
n
g
t
h
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l
i
f
e
c
y
c
l
e
o
f
h
u
ma
n
c
r
e
a
t
e
d
sy
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t
c
o
v
e
r
s
2
5
p
r
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e
sse
s
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t
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me
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q
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so
f
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w
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r
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p
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d
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c
t
/
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c
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n
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l
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p
me
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t
o
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mi
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a
r
p
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s o
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sy
st
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p
r
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u
c
t
s
.
IS
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C
1
2
2
0
7
[
1
3
]
2
0
0
2
T
h
i
s
st
a
n
d
a
r
d
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st
a
b
l
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s
h
e
s
a
c
o
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r
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mew
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b
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h
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t
c
o
n
t
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n
s
p
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sse
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a
c
t
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v
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n
d
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f
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c
t
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t
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p
p
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d
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l
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q
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r
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a
so
f
t
w
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r
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p
r
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d
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c
t
/
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r
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c
e
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a
n
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d
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e
l
o
p
me
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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N
:
2088
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I
J
E
C
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Vo
l.
7
,
No
.
6
,
Dec
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b
er
2
0
1
7
:
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6
3
2
–
3
6
4
2
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T
ab
le
2
.
I
n
ter
n
atio
n
al
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
s
o
f
UE
U
sa
b
i
l
i
t
y
S
t
d
Y
e
a
r
D
e
scr
i
p
t
i
o
n
IS
O 9
2
4
1
-
2
1
0
[
1
6
]
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0
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0
T
h
i
s
st
a
n
d
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r
d
c
o
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e
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sab
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t
y
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a
t
i
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p
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o
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o
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a
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t
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IS
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1
6
9
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ta
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les
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d
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m
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p
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ts
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esig
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a
n
d
d
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elo
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th
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i
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ter
ac
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v
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s
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s
te
m
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m
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lar
l
y
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o
f
t
w
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ev
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lo
p
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s
tan
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ee
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e
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asis
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s
g
u
i
d
elin
es
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o
r
t
h
e
d
ef
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itio
n
,
co
n
tr
o
l
an
d
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
o
f
t
h
e
l
if
e
c
y
cle
p
r
o
ce
s
s
e
s
u
s
ed
w
it
h
i
n
a
n
o
r
g
an
iza
tio
n
o
r
a
p
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o
j
ec
t.
A
s
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
F
ig
u
r
e
1
,
t
h
e
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1
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an
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9
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s
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s
h
a
v
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b
ee
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ch
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to
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n
s
tr
u
ct
a
s
o
lid
b
asis
f
o
r
in
te
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atio
n
.
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h
e
ac
tiv
itie
s
an
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ar
ticles
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s
tan
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ar
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in
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etail
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llo
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s
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tio
n
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
T
h
e
g
en
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al
in
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r
p
o
r
atio
n
m
o
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el
3.
M
O
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VALUA
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I
NCO
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h
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p
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u
cted
f
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ll
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a
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m
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s
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lti
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atel
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g
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alize
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s
ta
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ar
d
s
an
d
th
u
s
s
i
m
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li
f
y
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g
it
s
i
m
p
le
m
en
ta
tio
n
.
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h
e
in
co
r
p
o
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atio
n
w
as
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
t
ed
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
r
ee
m
ai
n
s
ta
g
es
i.e
1
.
Ma
p
p
in
g
p
o
te
n
tial
i
n
c
o
r
p
o
r
ati
o
n
p
o
in
ts
2
.
L
i
n
k
in
g
d
ep
en
d
en
cie
s
o
f
ac
ti
v
ities
an
d
ar
ti
f
ac
ts
a
n
d
3
.
Dis
p
la
y
in
g
co
n
v
er
g
e
n
t a
r
ti
f
ac
t
s
,
w
h
ich
ar
e
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
i
n
d
etail
b
elo
w
.
Firstl
y
,
b
ased
o
n
th
e
o
v
er
lap
b
et
w
ee
n
th
e
u
s
ab
ili
t
y
e
v
al
u
ati
o
n
an
d
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
ac
tiv
itie
s
(
s
ee
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
ab
o
v
e)
,
th
e
p
o
ten
tial
i
n
co
r
p
o
r
atio
n
p
o
in
ts
w
er
e
m
ap
p
ed
.
Seco
n
d
l
y
,
t
h
e
d
ep
en
d
en
cies
o
f
ac
tiv
itie
s
a
n
d
ar
ti
f
ac
ts
f
r
o
m
b
o
th
f
ield
s
ar
e
lin
k
ed
.
I
n
t
er
l
in
k
in
g
th
e
u
s
ab
ilit
y
a
n
d
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
d
e
v
elo
p
m
e
n
t
ac
tiv
itie
s
is
i
n
s
u
f
f
ic
ien
t
d
u
e
to
n
ec
ess
ar
y
co
n
s
id
er
atio
n
s
f
o
r
r
eq
u
ir
ed
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
f
l
o
w
s
a
n
d
ar
tif
ac
ts
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
a
co
n
cr
ete
b
asi
s
o
f
ar
ti
f
ac
t
s
w
a
s
e
x
tr
ac
ted
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
ch
o
s
e
n
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
s
f
o
r
f
u
r
th
er
in
v
es
tig
a
tio
n
.
E
x
a
m
in
i
n
g
t
h
e
d
ep
en
d
en
cie
s
o
f
t
h
o
s
e
ac
ti
v
itie
s
a
n
d
ar
ti
f
ac
ts
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
f
lo
w
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
ac
tiv
itie
s
f
o
r
ea
ch
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
I
n
p
u
t
an
d
o
u
tp
u
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ac
t
s
ar
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d
ef
i
n
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f
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ea
ch
p
r
o
ce
s
s
to
ex
p
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y
s
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o
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h
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r
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ase
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n
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t (
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g
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m
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Fig
u
r
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2
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E
x
ce
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p
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o
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w
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tiv
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4.
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h
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T
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w
h
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in
s
3
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h
ase
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p
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tial
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ts
,
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o
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d
ar
tif
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ts
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n
d
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n
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ce
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o
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ts
o
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ar
ti
f
ac
ts
f
o
r
b
o
th
UE
an
d
SE
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is
c
ip
lin
e
s
.
T
h
ese
ar
e
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ted
as
li
s
ts
with
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ar
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d
i
f
f
er
e
n
t
asp
ec
ts
w
er
e
p
r
esen
ted
s
ep
ar
atel
y
,
i.e
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
e
n
t
s
,
d
esig
n
,
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
,
an
d
test
i
n
g
(
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
ac
tiv
ities
)
.
Dir
ec
ted
ar
r
o
w
s
w
er
e
u
s
ed
to
h
i
g
h
li
g
h
t
in
co
r
p
o
r
atio
n
p
o
in
ts
,
w
h
er
ea
s
co
lo
r
ed
ar
r
o
w
s
co
n
n
ec
t
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
ar
tif
ac
t
s
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
ac
tiv
ities
.
Fo
r
i
n
s
ta
n
ce
,
th
e
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
ex
c
h
an
g
e
o
f
ar
tif
ac
t
s
ar
e
p
r
esen
ted
as: b
lack
=
o
u
tp
u
t,
b
lu
e
=
i
n
p
u
t,
a
n
d
b
r
o
w
n
=
i
n
p
u
t
/o
u
tp
u
t,
to
s
i
m
p
li
f
y
th
e
v
i
s
u
al
m
o
d
el.
An
e
x
ce
r
p
t
o
f
th
e
v
is
u
alize
d
m
o
d
el
is
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
es 3
,
4
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2088
-
8708
I
J
E
C
E
Vo
l.
7
,
No
.
6
,
Dec
em
b
er
2
0
1
7
:
3
6
3
2
–
3
6
4
2
3636
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
E
x
ch
a
n
g
e
o
f
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
b
et
w
ee
n
ar
ti
f
ac
ts
a
n
d
ac
tiv
itie
s
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
I
n
co
r
p
o
r
atin
g
u
s
ab
ili
t
y
ev
al
u
atio
n
in
to
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
e
n
t
s
ac
tiv
i
ties
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
E
C
E
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
A
Gu
id
elin
e
To
o
l fo
r
On
g
o
in
g
P
r
o
d
u
ct
E
va
lu
a
tio
n
in
S
ma
ll
a
n
d
S
MEs
(
A
z
iz
B
in
Dera
ma
n
)
3637
C
o
n
s
eq
u
en
tl
y
,
t
h
e
T
-
GI
UE
SE
m
o
d
el
h
elp
s
o
r
g
a
n
izatio
n
s
to
ea
s
il
y
co
m
p
ar
e
an
d
d
is
cu
s
s
th
e
ir
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es.
T
h
u
s
,
it
s
i
m
p
li
f
ies
th
e
id
e
n
ti
f
icatio
n
o
f
i
n
co
r
p
o
r
atio
n
asp
ec
ts
b
et
w
ee
n
u
s
ab
il
it
y
e
v
al
u
atio
n
a
n
d
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
w
it
h
th
e
b
e
n
ef
it
o
f
co
m
p
lia
n
ce
to
I
SO
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
an
d
a
n
e
w
,
ea
s
i
l
y
f
o
llo
w
ed
s
ch
e
m
e.
5.
T
H
E
K
E
Y
CO
N
T
R
I
B
UT
I
O
NS O
F
T
-
G
I
UE
SE
T
ab
le
3
.
Giv
es a
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
to
o
l a
n
d
in
ter
n
a
tio
n
al
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
s
N
o
.
T
-
GIU
E
S
E
S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
1.
S
h
o
r
t
a
n
d
c
o
n
c
i
se
L
a
r
g
e
a
n
d
d
e
t
a
i
l
e
d
2.
S
p
e
c
i
f
i
c
a
l
l
y
i
d
e
n
t
i
f
i
e
s
i
n
t
e
g
r
a
t
i
o
n
a
c
t
i
v
i
t
i
e
s a
n
d
a
r
t
i
f
a
c
t
s
.
D
e
t
e
r
mi
n
e
s i
n
t
e
g
r
a
t
i
o
n
a
c
t
i
v
i
t
i
e
s
a
n
d
a
r
t
i
f
a
c
t
s
i
n
g
e
n
e
r
a
l
.
3.
I
t
i
s c
o
l
l
e
c
t
i
o
n
o
f
f
i
g
u
r
e
s
d
i
s
p
l
a
y
i
n
g
a
map
o
f
p
o
t
e
n
t
i
a
l
i
n
t
e
g
r
a
t
i
o
n
p
o
i
n
t
s.
I
t
i
s
a
d
o
c
u
me
n
t
w
h
i
c
h
p
r
o
v
i
d
e
s
g
u
i
d
e
l
i
n
e
s
o
v
e
r
a
c
o
l
l
e
c
t
i
o
n
o
f
c
l
a
u
se
s.
4.
T
h
e
r
e
l
e
v
a
n
t
p
a
r
t
s
i
n
t
h
e
st
a
n
d
a
r
d
s I
S
O
/
I
EC
1
5
2
8
8
a
n
d
I
S
O
9
2
4
1
a
r
e
b
o
t
h
r
e
p
r
e
se
n
t
e
d
i
n
t
h
i
s
t
o
o
l
.
T
h
e
st
a
n
d
a
r
d
s I
S
O
/
I
EC
1
5
2
8
8
a
n
d
I
S
O
9
2
4
1
a
r
e
t
w
o
se
p
a
r
a
t
e
d
o
c
u
me
n
t
s.
5.
F
r
e
e
.
P
r
o
p
r
i
e
t
a
r
y
.
T
-
GI
UE
SE
is
b
en
ef
ic
ial
f
r
o
m
th
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
asp
ec
ts
(
s
ee
T
ab
le
3
)
:
•
T
o
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
u
s
ab
ilit
y
p
r
ac
titi
o
n
er
s
in
t
h
e
n
o
m
i
n
atio
n
o
f
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iate
ac
tiv
ities
;
as
w
ell
a
s
d
o
cu
m
e
n
tatio
n
an
d
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
o
f
r
es
u
lts
.
•
T
o
d
ef
in
e
f
ie
ld
s
o
f
co
m
p
ete
n
ci
es f
o
r
r
o
les in
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t p
r
o
j
ec
ts
to
ac
h
i
ev
e
t
h
e
q
u
alit
y
o
f
u
s
e.
•
T
o
b
o
o
s
t th
e
ac
ce
p
tan
ce
an
d
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
i
n
g
o
f
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
s
r
elate
d
u
s
ab
ilit
y
ev
al
u
atio
n
.
•
T
o
en
ab
le
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
s
to
h
a
v
e
clea
r
d
is
cu
s
s
io
n
s
an
d
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
o
f
t
h
eir
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
alo
n
g
s
id
e
th
e
m
o
d
el,
an
d
u
lti
m
atel
y
id
en
tify
s
u
itab
l
e
in
co
r
p
o
r
atio
n
asp
ec
ts
.
•
T
o
en
h
an
ce
o
r
ev
al
u
ate
t
h
e
ex
i
s
tin
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
m
o
d
els.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
to
o
l
s
u
m
m
ar
ize
s
t
h
e
asp
ec
ts
in
t
h
e
s
elec
ted
s
t
an
d
ar
d
s
r
elev
a
n
t
to
t
h
e
i
n
co
r
p
o
r
atio
n
o
f
u
s
ab
ilit
y
ev
a
lu
atio
n
,
m
a
k
i
n
g
it
ea
s
ier
f
o
r
co
m
p
an
ie
s
to
ad
o
p
t
th
e
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
-
b
ased
u
s
ab
ilit
y
e
v
alu
a
tio
n
.
Stan
d
ar
d
s
ar
e
r
eliab
le
as
th
e
y
ar
e
co
n
s
e
n
s
u
s
b
ased
an
d
ac
co
u
n
ts
f
o
r
m
o
s
t
c
u
r
r
en
t
n
ee
d
s
o
f
i
n
d
u
s
tr
ial
s
tak
e
h
o
ld
er
s
.
T
h
u
s
,
t
h
e
s
tan
d
a
r
d
s
ad
d
v
al
u
e
to
th
e
i
n
co
r
p
o
r
a
tio
n
o
f
u
s
ab
ilit
y
asp
ec
ts
i
n
S
ME
s
as
t
h
e
y
en
ab
l
e
s
af
et
y
,
r
eliab
ilit
y
,
r
ep
ea
tab
ilit
y
o
f
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es,
th
e
i
n
d
ep
en
d
en
ce
o
f
o
r
g
an
iza
tio
n
s
,
g
o
o
d
q
u
alit
y
,
an
d
a
b
asis
f
o
r
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
.
6.
E
VA
L
UA
T
I
O
N
O
F
T
-
G
I
U
E
SE
T
h
is
s
ec
tio
n
d
i
s
cu
s
s
e
s
t
h
e
ev
a
lu
atio
n
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
to
o
l.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
d
es
ig
n
i
n
s
h
o
w
n
is
s
ec
tio
n
6
.
1
w
h
er
ea
s
t
h
e
r
esu
l
ts
ar
e
p
r
esen
t
ed
in
s
ec
tio
n
6
.
2
.
6
.
1
.
Study
Desig
n
T
-
GI
UE
SE
w
a
s
e
v
al
u
ated
b
y
co
n
d
u
cti
n
g
a
q
u
e
s
tio
n
n
air
e
s
u
r
v
e
y
,
in
li
n
e
w
it
h
p
r
ev
io
u
s
s
u
r
v
e
y
s
tu
d
ie
s
o
f
ev
al
u
atio
n
p
r
ac
tice
s
[
1
9
]
,
[
2
0
]
,
[
2
1
]
.
T
h
e
r
esp
o
n
d
en
ts
t
o
th
is
q
u
e
s
tio
n
n
air
e
s
u
r
v
e
y
w
er
e
f
r
o
m
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
s
p
ec
ia
lizatio
n
s
.
T
h
e
r
esear
ch
er
b
r
ief
ed
th
e
r
esp
o
n
d
en
ts
o
n
th
e
o
b
j
ec
tiv
es
o
f
th
i
s
s
t
u
d
y
an
d
p
r
o
v
id
ed
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
to
o
l b
ef
o
r
e
s
tar
tin
g
th
e
q
u
est
io
n
n
air
e
s
u
r
v
e
y
.
6
.
1
.
1
.
Co
ns
t
ruct
s
a
nd
I
t
e
m
s
Used
T
h
e
q
u
esti
o
n
n
a
ir
e
h
as
b
ee
n
c
o
n
s
tr
u
cted
b
y
r
ev
ie
w
i
n
g
p
r
ev
i
o
u
s
s
t
u
d
ie
s
o
n
t
h
e
ev
al
u
atio
n
o
f
to
o
ls
.
I
t
co
m
p
r
is
e
s
o
f
f
o
u
r
s
ec
tio
n
s
a
s
f
o
llo
w
s
.
Firs
tl
y
,
w
e
h
a
v
e
t
h
e
d
e
m
o
g
r
ap
h
ic
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
s
u
ch
as
s
e
x
,
a
g
e,
j
o
b
titl
e,
an
d
ex
p
er
ien
ce
i
n
ar
ea
.
T
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
s
ec
tio
n
ev
al
u
ate
s
th
e
ac
ce
p
tan
ce
o
f
T
-
GI
U
E
SE
w
h
ic
h
in
v
o
l
v
es
p
er
ce
iv
ed
u
s
ef
u
l
n
es
s
an
d
ea
s
e
o
f
u
s
e.
T
h
e
th
ir
d
s
ec
tio
n
ev
alu
a
tes
t
h
e
s
atis
f
ac
tio
n
to
w
a
r
d
s
th
e
T
-
GI
U
E
SE
d
is
p
la
y
.
T
h
e
last
s
ec
tio
n
e
v
al
u
ates
t
h
e
q
u
ali
t
y
f
o
r
ea
ch
p
o
ten
tial
i
n
co
r
p
o
r
atio
n
p
o
in
t,
b
a
s
is
o
f
ar
ti
f
ac
ts
,
a
n
d
co
n
v
er
g
e
n
ce
ar
tif
ac
ts
f
o
r
b
o
th
u
s
ab
il
it
y
e
v
alu
a
tio
n
an
d
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t.
A
ll
ite
m
s
u
s
ed
in
th
o
s
e
s
ec
tio
n
s
w
er
e
s
co
r
ed
o
n
a
s
ev
en
-
p
o
i
n
t
L
i
k
er
t
s
ca
le
(
7
=
s
tr
o
n
g
l
y
a
g
r
ee
;
6
=
v
er
y
a
g
r
ee
;
5
=
ag
r
ee
;
4
=
n
eu
tr
al
;
3
=
d
is
ag
r
ee
; 2
=
v
er
y
d
is
a
g
r
e
e;
1
=
s
tr
o
n
g
l
y
d
i
s
ag
r
ee
)
.
6
.
1
.
2
.
Da
t
a
Co
llect
ing
T
h
e
r
esear
ch
er
co
n
tacte
d
p
o
ten
tial
r
e
s
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2088
-
8708
I
J
E
C
E
Vo
l.
7
,
No
.
6
,
Dec
em
b
er
2
0
1
7
:
3
6
3
2
–
3
6
4
2
3638
6
.
1
.
3
.
Relia
bil
it
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T
h
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cr
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b
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(
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Facto
r
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al
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F
A
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w
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ap
p
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to
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s
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ch
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en
s
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0
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b
y
[
2
2
]
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cr
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f
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p
p
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th
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v
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o
f
t
h
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q
u
esti
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n
n
air
e
co
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s
tr
u
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s
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T
ab
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4
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R
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a
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.
Resul
t
s
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
E
C
E
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
A
Gu
id
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To
o
l fo
r
On
g
o
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P
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o
d
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lu
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tio
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in
S
ma
ll
a
n
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MEs
(
A
z
iz
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in
Dera
ma
n
)
3639
T
h
e
r
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lts
w
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p
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t
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6
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2
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1
.
De
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ph
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Da
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a
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tio
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ts
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d
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m
o
g
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ap
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d
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a
n
d
th
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e
x
p
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ce
a
n
d
p
r
ac
tices
r
elate
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to
s
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f
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w
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elo
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m
en
t.
Mo
s
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Fig
u
r
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.
F
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r
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R
esp
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d
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t
s
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Fig
u
r
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6
.
E
x
p
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ce
o
f
ar
ea
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2088
-
8708
I
J
E
C
E
Vo
l.
7
,
No
.
6
,
Dec
em
b
er
2
0
1
7
:
3
6
3
2
–
3
6
4
2
3640
I
n
ter
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o
r
e,
t
h
e
to
o
l
h
ig
h
li
g
h
ts
p
o
ten
tial
i
n
co
r
p
o
r
atio
n
p
o
in
t
s
an
d
li
n
k
s
,
ac
ti
v
ities
w
i
th
ar
ti
f
ac
t
s
to
s
h
o
w
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ep
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d
en
cies
a
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d
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elatio
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s
h
ip
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,
ev
e
n
t
u
all
y
id
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t
if
y
in
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a
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d
s
h
o
w
in
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co
n
v
e
r
g
en
ce
ar
ti
f
ac
ts
o
f
b
o
th
d
is
cip
lin
es.
Fin
a
ll
y
,
t
h
i
s
to
o
l
w
a
s
ev
al
u
ated
f
a
v
o
u
r
ab
l
y
an
d
it
h
ad
h
ig
h
ac
ce
p
tan
ce
b
a
s
ed
o
n
th
e
q
u
esti
o
n
n
air
e
s
u
r
v
e
y
r
es
u
lt
s
in
v
o
lv
in
g
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t p
r
ac
titi
o
n
er
s
f
r
o
m
SME
s
.
ACK
NO
WL
E
D
G
E
M
E
NT
S
T
h
is
r
esear
ch
w
a
s
f
u
n
d
ed
b
y
t
h
e
Min
is
tr
y
o
f
E
d
u
ca
t
io
n
u
n
d
er
th
e
Fu
n
d
a
m
e
n
tal
R
esear
ch
Gr
an
t Sc
h
e
m
e
(
F
R
GS 2
0
1
3
-
2
)
,
Un
iv
er
s
iti Ma
la
y
s
ia
T
er
en
g
g
an
u
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
Ay
k
in
N,
e
d
it
o
r.
Us
a
b
il
it
y
a
n
d
in
t
e
rn
a
ti
o
n
a
li
z
a
ti
o
n
o
f
in
f
o
rm
a
ti
o
n
tec
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
.
CRC P
re
ss
;
2
0
1
6
A
p
r
1
9
.
[2
]
F
e
rn
a
n
d
e
z
A
,
In
sf
ra
n
E,
A
b
ra
h
ã
o
S
.
Us
a
b
i
li
ty
e
v
a
lu
a
ti
o
n
m
e
th
o
d
s
f
o
r
th
e
w
e
b
:
A
s
y
ste
m
a
ti
c
m
a
p
p
in
g
stu
d
y
.
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
o
n
a
n
d
S
o
f
twa
re
Tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
.
2
0
1
1
A
u
g
3
1
;
5
3
(8
)
:
7
8
9
-
8
1
7
.
[3
]
M
a
rti
n
e
z
HS,
Ro
d
rig
u
e
z
M
D,
Do
m
in
g
u
e
z
EL
.
T
ú
u
m
:
T
e
st
M
o
d
e
l
f
o
r
Na
ti
v
e
M
o
b
il
e
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s.
IEE
E
L
a
ti
n
Am
e
rica
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s.
2
0
1
7
;
1
5
(
5
):
9
9
4
-
1
0
0
0
.
[4
]
M
a
c
ias
z
e
k
LA
,
F
il
ip
e
J,
e
d
it
o
rs.
Ev
a
lu
a
ti
o
n
o
f
n
o
v
e
l
a
p
p
ro
a
c
h
e
s
to
so
f
t
wa
re
e
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
:
1
0
t
h
In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
,
ENA
S
E
2
0
1
5
,
Ba
rc
e
lo
n
a
,
S
p
a
i
n
,
A
p
ril
2
9
-
3
0
,
2
0
1
5
,
R
e
v
ise
d
se
lec
ted
p
a
p
e
rs.
S
p
ri
n
g
e
r;
2
0
1
6
F
e
b
1
3
.
[5
]
F
isc
h
e
r
H.
In
teg
ra
ti
n
g
u
sa
b
il
it
y
e
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
in
th
e
s
o
f
twa
re
d
e
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t
li
f
e
c
y
c
le
b
a
se
d
o
n
i
n
tern
a
t
io
n
a
l
sta
n
d
a
rd
s
.
In
P
ro
c
e
e
d
i
n
g
s
o
f
th
e
4
t
h
A
CM
S
IG
CHI
s
y
m
p
o
siu
m
o
n
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
In
tera
c
ti
v
e
Co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
S
y
ste
m
s
2
0
1
2
Ju
n
2
5
(p
p
.
3
2
1
-
3
2
4
).
A
CM
.
[6
]
P
a
k
istan
G
,
M
a
so
o
d
T
,
A
z
h
a
r
F
,
Ra
m
z
a
n
M
,
M
a
li
k
S
,
P
a
k
istan
W
.
Us
a
b
il
it
y
P
ra
c
ti
c
e
s
in
S
o
f
twa
re
De
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t
L
i
f
e
C
y
c
l
e
:
A
Re
v
ie
w
.
In
P
r
o
c
e
e
d
in
g
s o
f
2
n
d
In
tern
a
t
io
n
a
l
M
u
lt
i
-
Di
sc
ip
li
n
a
ry
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
1
9
-
2
0
De
c
e
m
b
e
r
2
0
1
6
.
[7
]
V
il
a
N,
Ku
ste
r
I.
T
h
e
ro
le
o
f
u
sa
b
il
it
y
o
n
stim
u
latin
g
S
M
E’s
o
n
l
in
e
b
u
y
in
g
in
ten
ti
o
n
:
a
n
e
x
p
e
rime
n
t
b
a
se
d
o
n
a
f
icticiu
s
w
e
b
site d
e
sig
n
.
Qu
a
li
ty
&
Qu
a
n
ti
ty
.
2
0
1
2
Ja
n
1
;
4
6
(
1
):
1
1
7
-
3
6
.
[8
]
G
in
ig
e
A
,
P
a
o
li
n
o
L
,
Ro
m
a
n
o
M
,
T
o
rto
ra
G
,
V
it
iello
G
.
IC
T
f
o
r
s
m
a
ll
to
m
e
d
iu
m
e
n
terp
rise
s:
f
o
c
u
s o
n
u
sa
b
il
it
y
f
o
r
a
w
e
b
-
b
a
se
d
sp
re
a
d
sh
e
e
t
m
e
d
iate
d
c
o
ll
a
b
o
ra
ti
o
n
e
n
v
iro
n
m
e
n
t.
In
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
o
n
sy
ste
m
s:
c
ro
ss
ro
a
d
s
fo
r
o
rg
a
n
iza
ti
o
n
,
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t,
a
c
c
o
u
n
ti
n
g
a
n
d
e
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
2
0
1
2
(p
p
.
1
8
1
-
1
8
8
)
.
P
h
y
sic
a
-
V
e
rlag
HD
.
[9
]
He
rin
g
D,
S
c
h
w
a
rt
z
T
,
Bo
d
e
n
A
,
W
u
lf
V
.
In
teg
ra
ti
n
g
u
sa
b
il
it
y
-
e
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
in
to
th
e
so
f
tw
a
re
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
i
n
g
p
ro
c
e
ss
e
s
o
f
S
M
E:
a
c
a
se
stu
d
y
o
f
so
f
t
w
a
r
e
d
e
v
e
lo
p
in
g
S
M
E
in
G
e
r
m
a
n
y
.
In
P
ro
c
e
e
d
in
g
s
o
f
th
e
Ei
g
h
th
In
tern
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
W
o
rk
sh
o
p
o
n
Co
o
p
e
ra
ti
v
e
a
n
d
Hu
m
a
n
A
sp
e
c
ts
o
f
S
o
f
t
w
a
r
e
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
2
0
1
5
M
a
y
1
6
(
p
p
.
1
2
1
-
1
2
2
).
IEE
E
P
re
ss
.
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