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6
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Dec
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cr
ip
ti
n
g
la
n
g
u
a
g
e
s
;
P
ix
y
[
7
]
is
o
n
e
g
o
o
d
ex
a
m
p
le
f
o
r
s
u
c
h
m
o
d
el
s
,
it
is
a
n
o
p
en
s
o
u
r
ce
s
tati
c
co
d
e
an
al
y
ze
r
p
er
f
o
r
m
s
au
to
m
at
ic
s
ca
n
s
o
f
P
HP
4
s
o
u
r
ce
co
d
e.
P
ix
y
ta
k
e
s
a
P
HP
p
r
o
g
r
am
a
s
i
n
p
u
t
a
n
d
o
u
tp
u
t
s
p
o
s
s
ib
le
v
u
l
n
er
ab
le
p
o
in
ts
.
Yu
et
al.
,
[
8
]
also
u
s
ed
s
tat
ic
a
n
al
y
s
is
to
d
etec
t
v
u
ln
er
ab
ilit
ies
in
P
HP
4
s
cr
ip
ts
a
n
d
cr
ea
te
s
tr
in
g
s
ig
n
at
u
r
es
f
o
r
t
h
es
e
v
u
l
n
er
ab
ilit
ie
s
.
T
h
e
y
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
ted
th
i
s
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
Stra
n
g
er
,
w
h
ic
h
s
ta
n
d
s
f
o
r
ST
R
in
g
Au
to
m
ato
N
GE
n
er
ato
R
.
Stra
n
g
er
is
a
s
tr
in
g
an
a
l
y
s
is
t
o
o
l
f
o
r
P
H
P
w
eb
ap
p
licatio
n
s
[
8
]
.
H
o
w
ev
er
,
th
e
to
o
l
d
o
es
n
o
t
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
a
r
ec
en
t
v
er
s
io
n
o
f
P
HP
.
San
er
[
9
]
is
an
o
t
h
er
s
ec
u
r
it
y
a
n
al
y
ze
r
th
a
t
u
s
e
s
a
n
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
th
at
co
n
s
is
t
s
o
f
a
s
tat
ic
an
al
y
s
i
s
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
to
id
en
ti
f
y
t
h
e
f
lo
w
s
o
f
i
n
p
u
t
v
al
u
es
f
r
o
m
s
o
u
r
ce
s
to
s
en
s
iti
v
e
s
i
n
k
s
.
Ne
v
er
th
eless
,
t
h
e
to
o
l
d
o
es
n
o
t
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
an
y
o
b
j
ec
t
-
o
r
ien
te
d
f
ea
tu
r
es
i
n
P
HP
.
T
h
e
au
th
o
r
o
f
R
I
P
S
[
1
0
]
u
s
ed
an
ap
p
r
o
a
ch
to
b
u
ild
a
s
tatic
s
o
u
r
ce
co
d
e
an
al
y
ze
r
w
r
it
ten
i
n
P
HP
u
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
b
u
ilt
-
i
n
to
k
e
n
izer
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
.
T
h
e
last
v
er
s
io
n
o
f
R
I
P
S
th
at
w
a
s
r
elea
s
ed
in
2
0
1
4
is
im
p
le
m
e
n
t
ed
to
f
in
d
a
w
id
e
r
an
g
e
o
f
k
n
o
w
n
v
u
l
n
er
ab
ilit
ies [
1
0
]
.
3.
P
RO
P
O
SE
D
M
O
DE
L
I
M
P
L
E
M
E
NT
A
T
I
O
N
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
o
d
el
is
d
esi
g
n
ed
to
d
etec
t
th
e
s
ec
u
r
it
y
i
s
s
u
es
in
s
cr
ip
ti
n
g
lan
g
u
a
g
es
lik
e
P
HP
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
u
n
d
er
lin
e
ar
ch
itect
u
r
e
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
o
d
el
w
h
ich
w
as
ap
p
lied
in
S
C
A
T
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
o
d
el
f
ir
s
t
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
s
t
h
e
i
n
p
u
t
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
in
to
a
p
ar
s
e
tr
ee
[1
1
]
.
I
n
th
e
p
r
o
to
ty
p
e,
th
e
lex
ical
an
al
y
ze
r
is
g
en
er
ated
f
r
o
m
th
e
f
a
m
o
u
s
le
x
ical
a
n
al
y
ze
r
g
en
er
ato
r
f
o
r
J
av
a
(
J
Flex
)
[
1
2
]
.
W
h
ile
th
e
p
ar
s
er
in
t
h
e
p
r
o
to
t
y
p
e
is
b
u
il
t
u
s
i
n
g
a
m
o
d
i
f
ied
v
er
s
io
n
o
f
T
h
e
C
o
n
s
tr
u
ct
o
r
o
f
Us
e
f
u
l
P
ar
s
er
(
C
UP
)
v
0
.
1
0
to
o
l
[
1
3
].
So
m
e
m
o
d
i
f
icatio
n
s
h
ad
to
b
e
m
ad
e
in
t
h
e
s
o
u
r
ce
f
iles
o
f
C
UP
,
an
d
s
o
th
e
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
'
s
s
y
m
b
o
l
n
a
m
e,
s
y
m
b
o
l
in
d
ex
a
n
d
len
g
th
ca
n
b
e
ac
ce
s
s
ed
b
y
t
h
e
r
u
le
ac
tio
n
s
.
Fin
all
y
,
in
d
ata
f
lo
w
an
al
y
s
is
,
th
e
co
n
s
tr
u
cted
p
ar
s
e
tr
ee
is
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
ed
in
to
a
co
n
tr
o
l
f
lo
w
g
r
ap
h
(
C
FG)
f
o
r
ea
ch
e
n
co
u
n
ter
ed
f
u
n
ctio
n
[
1
4
].
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
o
d
el
en
f
o
r
ce
s
a
li
s
t
o
f
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
th
at
m
u
s
t
b
e
s
atis
f
ied
b
y
t
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
d
ata
f
lo
w
an
al
y
s
is
.
Firs
t,
t
h
e
o
u
t
p
u
t
C
FG
m
u
s
t
m
ai
n
tai
n
t
h
e
f
l
o
w
o
f
t
y
p
es
o
f
ea
c
h
p
r
o
g
r
am
p
o
in
t
d
u
r
i
n
g
e
x
ec
u
tio
n
,
s
u
c
h
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
e
n
t
is
n
ec
ess
ar
y
d
u
e
to
th
e
d
y
n
a
m
i
ca
ll
y
t
y
p
ed
n
at
u
r
e
o
f
P
HP
[
1
5
]
.
Seco
n
d
,
it
is
r
e
q
u
ir
ed
to
co
llect
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
ab
o
u
t
th
e
co
m
p
lete
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
p
u
ttin
g
al
l
f
u
n
ctio
n
ca
lls
i
n
co
n
s
id
er
atio
n
s
;
th
i
s
i
s
th
e
m
a
in
r
o
le
o
f
th
e
I
n
ter
-
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
al
d
ata
f
lo
w
an
a
l
y
s
is
p
h
ase
[
1
6
]
.
Fin
all
y
,
th
e
d
ata
f
lo
w
a
n
al
y
s
is
co
llect
s
all
ass
o
ciat
ed
in
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
f
o
r
ea
ch
n
o
d
e
[
1
7
].
F
ig
u
r
e
1
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
o
d
el
s
y
s
te
m
a
r
c
h
itect
u
r
e
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T
h
e
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
in
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
d
ata
f
lo
w
a
n
al
y
s
i
s
s
t
ep
is
n
o
w
r
ea
d
y
f
o
r
t
h
e
tai
n
t
an
al
y
s
is
s
tep
[
1
9
]
.
T
ain
t a
n
al
y
s
i
s
s
i
m
p
l
y
d
eter
m
i
n
es
f
o
r
ea
ch
p
r
o
g
r
am
p
o
in
t
w
h
et
h
er
it
m
a
y
h
o
ld
a
tain
ted
v
al
u
e
o
r
n
o
t.
I
n
o
r
d
er
to
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
t
h
e
ca
p
a
b
ilit
y
o
f
th
e
an
al
y
s
is
p
h
ase,
a
lias
a
n
al
y
s
i
s
i
s
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
f
ir
s
t;
al
ias
a
n
al
y
s
is
is
co
n
ce
r
n
ed
w
ith
co
llecti
n
g
th
e
alias r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
s
f
o
r
all
v
a
r
ia
b
les in
t
h
e
in
p
u
t p
r
o
g
r
a
m
[
1
8
].
T
h
e
p
ar
s
e
tr
ee
is
f
ir
s
t
g
e
n
er
ated
in
to
DOT
lan
g
u
a
g
e,
an
d
th
en
t
h
e
Do
t
f
ile
i
s
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
ed
i
n
to
a
v
is
u
a
lized
tr
ee
u
s
in
g
Gr
ap
h
v
iz
[
19
]
.
W
e
u
s
e
Gr
ap
h
v
iz
clas
s
lib
r
ar
ies
to
cr
ea
te
a
g
r
ap
h
ic
al
r
ep
r
esen
tatio
n
f
o
r
p
ar
s
e
tr
ee
an
d
d
ep
en
d
e
n
ce
g
r
ap
h
s
f
o
r
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
p
o
in
ts
t
h
at
m
a
y
r
ec
ei
v
e
tai
n
ted
d
ata
d
u
r
i
n
g
ex
ec
u
tio
n
t
i
m
e.
Fig
u
r
e
2
s
h
o
w
s
a
r
ep
r
esen
t
atio
n
o
f
th
e
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
t
h
ese
f
u
n
c
tio
n
ali
ties
w
i
th
i
n
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
o
d
el
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e.
T
h
e
last
p
h
as
e
is
r
es
u
lt
p
r
o
ce
s
s
i
n
g
a
n
d
r
ep
o
r
t
g
en
er
atin
g
.
Fo
r
ea
ch
s
en
s
iti
v
e
s
i
n
k
t
h
at
c
an
r
ec
eiv
e
tain
ted
d
ata
d
u
r
in
g
ex
ec
u
tio
n
,
th
e
m
o
d
el
g
en
er
ate
s
a
v
u
l
n
er
a
b
ilit
y
r
ec
o
r
d
.
T
h
e
r
ec
o
r
d
s
h
o
ws t
h
e
f
ile
n
a
m
e
t
h
at
co
n
tain
s
th
e
s
en
s
iti
v
e
s
i
n
k
w
i
th
th
e
ta
in
ted
d
ata,
th
e
li
n
e
n
u
m
b
er
an
d
t
h
e
t
y
p
e
o
f
t
h
e
d
etec
ted
v
u
l
n
er
ab
ilit
y
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
o
d
el
also
cr
ea
tes d
ep
en
d
en
ce
g
r
ap
h
s
f
o
r
th
e
t
ain
ted
v
ar
iab
le
[
9
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
2.
Vis
u
al
izatio
n
f
ea
t
u
r
es
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
C
r
ea
tin
g
a
s
ec
u
r
it
y
m
o
d
el
f
o
r
s
cr
ip
tin
g
la
n
g
u
a
g
es
li
k
e
P
HP
r
eq
u
ir
es
g
i
v
in
g
e
x
tr
a
at
ten
t
io
n
to
a
lis
t
o
f
lan
g
u
a
g
e
f
ea
tu
r
es
s
u
c
h
as d
y
n
a
m
ic
i
n
clu
d
e
s
,
d
y
n
a
m
ic
t
y
p
in
g
,
an
d
d
y
n
a
m
ic
o
b
j
ec
t r
ef
er
en
ce
.
a.
D
y
n
a
m
ic
i
n
clu
d
e
s
:
P
HP
allo
w
s
d
y
n
a
m
ic
f
ile
i
n
clu
s
io
n
,
i
n
w
h
ic
h
t
h
e
f
ile
n
a
m
e
a
n
d
p
ath
is
f
o
r
m
ed
d
y
n
a
m
icall
y
i
n
e
x
ec
u
tio
n
t
i
m
e.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
o
d
el
p
er
f
o
r
m
s
r
ec
u
r
s
i
v
e
liter
al
a
n
al
y
s
is
p
h
ase
i
n
o
r
d
er
to
r
eso
lv
e
d
y
n
a
m
ic
-
i
n
cl
u
d
ed
f
ile
s
.
Fi
g
u
r
e
3
s
h
o
w
s
a
s
i
m
p
lifie
d
f
o
r
m
o
f
t
h
e
al
g
o
r
ith
m
f
o
r
r
e
s
o
lv
in
g
d
y
n
a
m
i
c
in
cl
u
s
io
n
.
b.
D
y
n
a
m
ic
T
y
p
in
g
:
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
o
d
el
d
eter
m
i
n
es
th
e
f
lo
w
o
f
t
y
p
e
s
f
o
r
ea
ch
v
ar
iab
le
in
th
e
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
.
I
t
k
ee
p
s
tr
ac
k
o
f
ea
ch
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o
in
t
in
th
e
p
r
o
g
r
am
t
h
at
m
a
y
r
es
u
lt
i
n
ch
a
n
g
i
n
g
v
ar
iab
le
t
y
p
e
s
u
ch
as
ass
ig
n
m
en
t
s
tate
m
en
t
s
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ca
llin
g
to
f
u
n
ct
io
n
s
an
d
Set
a
n
d
Un
s
et
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
[
20
]
.
I
n
ea
ch
o
f
th
e
af
o
r
em
en
tio
n
ed
ca
s
es
,
t
y
p
e
an
al
y
s
i
s
in
v
e
s
ti
g
ates t
h
e
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
C
FG a
n
d
u
p
d
at
e
r
elate
d
v
ar
iab
les t
y
p
es.
c.
D
y
n
a
m
ic
o
b
j
ec
t
r
ef
er
en
ce
:
T
h
e
p
r
o
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lem
w
it
h
m
an
y
e
x
is
t
in
g
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
is
th
e
lac
k
o
f
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
in
g
a
n
y
OOP
f
ea
t
u
r
es
i
n
s
cr
ip
tin
g
la
n
g
u
a
g
es
,
f
o
r
e
x
a
m
p
le,
p
ix
y
m
ar
k
s
a
n
y
c
u
s
to
m
o
b
j
ec
t
as
a
t
ain
ted
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
p
o
in
t.
Si
m
ilar
l
y
,
it
m
ar
k
s
all
u
s
er
-
d
ef
i
n
ed
m
et
h
o
d
r
etu
r
n
v
al
u
es
a
s
tai
n
ted
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
o
d
el
ap
p
lies
a
n
alg
o
r
ith
m
to
b
o
th
u
s
er
-
d
ef
i
n
e
d
class
es.
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h
e
alg
o
r
it
h
m
m
ai
n
f
u
n
ctio
n
i
s
to
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i
m
u
late
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tac
k
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h
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p
d
ata
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tr
u
ct
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r
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o
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cu
s
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cla
s
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e
s
,
o
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j
ec
t
r
ef
er
en
ce
s
,
u
s
er
-
d
ef
i
n
ed
m
et
h
o
d
s
an
d
v
ar
iab
le
s
,
n
a
m
esp
ac
es,
a
n
d
in
ter
f
ac
e
s
.
T
h
u
s
,
th
e
al
g
o
r
ith
m
ca
n
m
a
in
ta
in
r
elatio
n
s
b
et
w
ee
n
all
d
e
f
in
ed
o
b
j
ec
ts
,
th
ei
r
cu
s
to
m
clas
s
es
,
m
et
h
o
d
s
,
an
d
v
ar
iab
les.
D
u
r
in
g
t
h
e
a
n
al
y
s
is
p
h
ase
ea
ch
cu
s
t
o
m
o
b
j
ec
t
is
r
eso
lv
ed
w
it
h
its
class
d
e
f
in
itio
n
,
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is
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elp
s
to
d
etec
t v
u
l
n
er
ab
ilit
ies in
u
s
er
-
d
ef
i
n
ed
o
b
j
ec
ts
an
d
m
et
h
o
d
s
.
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it
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r
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nalys
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.
analyas
z
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nc
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de
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ode
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oll
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ude
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ter
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ult
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T
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olve
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f
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olve
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olve
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f
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ode
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E
nd
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ac
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Fig
u
r
e
3
.
R
eso
lv
i
n
g
d
y
n
a
m
ic
i
n
clu
s
io
n
s
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
10
,
No
.
6
,
Dec
em
b
er
2
0
2
0
:
6
0
6
1
-
6
0
7
0
6064
4.
RE
S
E
ARCH
M
E
T
H
O
D
4
.
1
.
Sub
ev
a
lua
t
i
o
n pro
ce
du
re
E
v
alu
a
tin
g
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
o
d
el
is
m
ai
n
l
y
b
a
s
ed
o
n
f
i
n
d
in
g
o
u
t
h
o
w
w
ell
t
h
e
p
r
o
to
ty
p
e
S
C
A
T
co
n
f
ir
m
s
to
s
tatic
co
d
e
an
al
y
s
i
s
to
o
ls
r
e
q
u
ir
e
m
e
n
ts
s
u
c
h
a
s
ac
cu
r
ac
y
,
r
o
b
u
s
tn
e
s
s
,
u
s
ab
ilit
y
,
a
n
d
r
esp
o
n
s
i
v
e
n
ess
[
2
1
,
22]
.
Fo
r
th
i
s
p
u
r
p
o
s
e,
t
w
o
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
s
ets
o
f
b
en
c
h
m
ar
k
test
s
wer
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
.
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h
e
ev
al
u
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
p
r
esen
ted
h
er
e
ad
ap
ted
th
e
s
a
m
e
s
tr
u
c
tu
r
e
u
s
ed
b
y
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o
el
[
2
3
]
.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
th
i
s
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
is
e
x
te
n
d
ed
b
y
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m
p
u
tin
g
th
e
ev
a
lu
at
io
n
m
etr
ics
f
o
r
ea
ch
to
o
l.
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v
alu
a
tio
n
m
etr
ics
c
o
m
p
u
ted
f
o
r
ea
ch
to
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l
in
cl
u
d
e
p
r
ec
is
io
n
,
r
ec
all,
s
p
ec
if
icit
y
a
n
d
F
measure
[2
4
]
.
-
P
r
ec
is
io
n
:
is
t
h
e
r
atio
o
f
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
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f
tr
u
e
p
o
s
i
tiv
e
s
(
TP
)
o
v
er
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
r
ep
o
r
ted
er
r
o
r
s
,
w
h
ic
h
in
cl
u
d
e
th
e
r
ep
o
r
ted
tr
u
e
p
o
s
itiv
es a
n
d
f
alse p
o
s
it
iv
e
s
(
TP+F
P
).
P
r
/
(
)
e
c
isi
on
T
P
T
P
F
P
(
1
)
-
R
ec
all
:
is
t
h
e
r
atio
o
f
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
tr
u
e
p
o
s
itiv
es
(
TP
)
o
v
er
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
ac
t
u
al
er
r
o
r
s
,
w
h
ic
h
is
t
h
e
s
u
m
o
f
r
ep
o
r
ted
tr
u
e
p
o
s
itiv
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a
n
d
f
alse
n
eg
a
tiv
e
s
t
h
at
w
er
e
n
o
t d
etec
ted
(
TP+F
N
).
Re
/
(
)
c
a
l
l
T
P
T
P
F
N
(
2
)
-
Sp
ec
if
icit
y
:
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s
th
e
r
atio
o
f
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
tr
u
e
n
e
g
ati
v
es
(
TN
)
o
v
er
th
e
s
u
m
o
f
tr
u
e
n
e
g
ati
v
es
a
n
d
f
als
e
p
o
s
itiv
es (
T
N
+F
P
).
/
(
)
S
pe
c
if
ic
it
y
T
N
T
N
F
P
(
3
)
-
F
measure
:
p
r
o
v
id
es a
n
ag
g
r
e
g
ate
m
ea
s
u
r
e
f
o
r
p
r
ec
is
io
n
an
d
r
ec
all.
=
2
×
×
+
(
4)
T
w
o
o
th
er
s
co
m
m
o
n
l
y
u
s
ed
F
measures
ar
e
th
e
F
2
-
measure
,
w
h
ic
h
w
ei
g
h
ts
r
ec
all
h
i
g
h
er
t
h
an
p
r
e
cisi
o
n
a
n
d
th
e
F
0.
5
-
measure
,
w
h
ich
p
u
ts
m
o
r
e
e
m
p
h
as
is
o
n
p
r
ec
is
io
n
t
h
a
n
r
ec
all
[
2
3
]
.
T
h
e
f
o
r
m
u
la
f
o
r
F
β
-
measure
is
:
−
=
(
1
+
2
)
(
×
)
2
×
+
(
5
)
F
measures
r
an
g
e
s
b
et
w
ee
n
0
an
d
1
f
o
r
a
g
iv
en
to
o
l,
th
e
th
r
ee
m
ea
s
u
r
e
s
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
to
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
a
r
an
k
in
g
o
f
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
s
e
v
er
al
to
o
ls
.
T
h
e
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
y
o
f
th
e
ev
alu
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
is
i
n
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
in
F
ig
u
r
e
4
,
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
s
tar
ts
w
i
t
h
ch
o
o
s
in
g
a
g
r
o
u
p
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f
r
elate
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atic
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al
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i
s
to
o
ls
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d
t
h
e
n
e
ac
h
to
o
l
w
ith
in
t
h
e
g
r
o
u
p
is
u
s
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to
an
al
y
ze
b
o
t
h
s
ets
o
f
b
en
c
h
m
ar
k
s
:
I
n
tr
a
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B
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ar
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t
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e
v
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u
at
io
n
m
etr
ics.
I
m
p
le
m
en
ta
tio
n
c
o
d
es
ar
e
av
ailab
le
th
r
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u
g
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th
e
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ttp
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r
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Fig
u
r
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4.
E
v
alu
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
m
et
h
o
d
o
lo
g
y
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
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I
SS
N:
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R
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6065
4.
2
.
B
ench
m
a
r
ks
t
ests
4
.
2
.
1
.
I
ntr
a
-
bench
m
a
r
ks
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est
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h
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h
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n
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h
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ap
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ar
e
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o
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e
e
x
p
er
i
m
e
n
ts
,
th
e
ap
p
licatio
n
t
y
p
e
an
d
co
d
e
s
ize
o
f
ea
c
h
ap
p
li
ca
tio
n
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
b
y
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
co
d
e
lin
e
s
(
L
O
C
)
,
th
e
co
d
e
s
ize
w
a
s
ca
lcu
late
d
u
s
in
g
P
HP
L
o
c
P
ea
r
p
ac
k
ag
e.
So
m
e
o
f
t
h
e
tes
ted
ap
p
licatio
n
s
ar
e
d
elib
er
atel
y
v
u
l
n
er
ab
le
w
eb
-
ap
p
licatio
n
s
t
h
at
ar
e
p
r
o
v
i
d
ed
as
a
tar
g
et
f
o
r
w
eb
-
s
ec
u
r
it
y
s
ca
n
n
er
s
.
T
h
ese
ap
p
licatio
n
s
ar
e
E
x
p
lo
it.c
o
.
il,
Mu
til
lid
ae
an
d
Da
m
n
V
u
l
n
er
ab
le
W
eb
A
p
p
(
DVW
A
)
.
T
h
e
r
est
o
f
th
e
test
ed
ap
p
licati
o
n
s
ar
e
r
ea
l
-
w
o
r
ld
ap
p
licatio
n
s
w
r
itte
n
in
P
HP
lik
e
PB
L
Gu
estb
o
o
k
1
.
3
2
,
My
B
lo
g
g
ie
2
.
1
.
6
,
W
o
r
d
P
r
ess
1
.
5
.
1
.
3
,
an
d
M
y
E
as
y
Ma
r
k
et
4
.
1
.
I
n
tr
a
-
b
en
c
h
m
ar
k
te
s
ts
b
o
il
d
o
w
n
to
r
u
n
n
in
g
a
s
tatic
co
d
e
an
al
y
s
i
s
o
n
ea
c
h
o
n
e
o
f
t
h
ese
ap
p
licatio
n
s
,
th
en
t
h
e
r
es
u
lt
s
o
b
tain
e
d
b
y
ea
ch
to
o
l
ar
e
m
a
n
u
al
l
y
an
a
l
y
ze
d
to
g
at
h
er
b
asic
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
a
b
o
u
t
ea
ch
to
o
l
s
u
ch
as
th
e
to
tal
an
a
l
y
s
is
ti
m
e,
th
e
to
tal
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
s
p
o
tted
v
u
l
n
e
r
ab
ilit
ies
(
T
P)
an
d
th
e
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
f
al
s
e
p
o
s
iti
v
es
(
FP
)
[
6
]
.
T
h
e
ex
p
er
i
m
en
t
s
f
o
cu
s
o
n
a
s
et
o
f
tain
t
-
s
t
y
le
v
u
l
n
er
ab
ilit
ie
s
,
w
h
ic
h
ar
e
XSS,
SQ
L
I
n
j
ec
tio
n
s
,
C
o
m
m
a
n
d
I
n
j
ec
tio
n
,
an
d
C
o
d
e
I
n
j
ec
tio
n
,
as
th
ese
ar
e
t
h
e
m
o
s
t
f
r
eq
u
en
t
l
y
d
etec
ted
v
u
l
n
er
ab
ilit
ie
s
b
y
th
e
s
elec
ted
s
et
o
f
s
tatic
co
d
e
an
al
y
s
is
to
o
ls
[
2
5
-
27]
.
T
ab
le
1.
L
is
t o
f
I
n
tr
a
-
b
en
c
h
m
a
r
k
ap
p
licatio
n
s
A
p
p
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
N
a
me
V
e
r
si
o
n
A
p
p
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
Ty
p
e
L
O
C
M
u
t
i
l
l
i
d
a
e
2
.
3
.
7
V
u
l
n
e
r
a
b
l
e
W
e
b
A
p
p
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
1
0
3
1
1
4
D
V
W
A
1
.
0
.
7
V
u
l
n
e
r
a
b
l
e
W
e
b
A
p
p
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
3
2
3
1
5
Ex
p
l
o
i
t
.
c
o
.
i
l
1
.
0
.
0
V
u
l
n
e
r
a
b
l
e
W
e
b
A
p
p
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
5
1
0
9
P
B
L
G
u
e
st
b
o
o
k
1
.
3
2
G
u
e
st
B
o
o
k
A
p
p
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
1
5
6
6
W
o
r
d
P
r
e
ss
1
.
5
.
1
.
3
C
o
n
t
e
n
t
M
a
n
a
g
e
me
n
t
S
y
st
e
m
3
1
0
1
0
M
y
Ea
sy
M
a
r
k
e
t
4
.
1
S
h
o
p
p
i
n
g
C
a
r
t
A
p
p
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
2
5
6
9
M
y
B
l
o
g
g
i
e
2
.
1
.
6
W
e
b
l
o
g
S
y
st
e
m
9
4
6
1
4
.
2
.
2
.
I
ntr
e
-
bench
m
a
r
ks
t
ests
T
h
e
in
ter
-
b
en
c
h
m
ar
k
co
n
s
i
s
ts
o
f
1
1
0
s
m
a
ll
p
h
p
test
ca
s
es
s
tatin
g
5
5
test
ca
s
es,
th
ese
ca
s
es
ar
e
d
iv
id
ed
in
to
t
h
r
ee
ca
te
g
o
r
ies,
w
h
ic
h
ar
e
la
n
g
u
a
g
e
s
u
p
p
o
r
t,
v
u
ln
er
ab
ilit
y
d
etec
t
io
n
,
a
n
d
s
an
it
izatio
n
r
o
u
ti
n
e
s
u
p
p
o
r
t.
Nico
L
.
De
P
o
el
[
2
4
]
u
s
ed
th
e
s
e
tes
t
ca
s
e
s
to
ev
al
u
ate
a
co
llectio
n
o
f
co
m
m
er
ci
al
an
d
o
p
en
s
o
u
r
c
e
s
tatic
co
d
e
an
al
y
ze
r
s
.
E
ac
h
test
ca
s
e
co
n
s
i
s
ts
o
f
a
v
u
l
n
er
ab
le
p
r
o
g
r
am
t
h
at
i
n
cl
u
d
es
a
s
ec
u
r
it
y
p
r
o
b
le
m
,
an
d
a
r
eso
lv
ed
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
t
h
at
r
eso
lv
es
th
e
v
u
l
n
er
ab
ilit
y
p
r
o
b
le
m
.
T
h
e
ev
a
lu
at
io
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
f
o
cu
s
es
o
n
b
o
th
tr
u
e
p
o
s
itiv
e
a
n
d
f
al
s
e
p
o
s
iti
v
e
s
it
u
atio
n
s
,
s
o
f
o
r
ea
ch
te
s
t
ca
s
e,
a
g
i
v
en
to
o
l
i
s
s
aid
to
p
ass
th
e
test
i
f
it
s
u
cc
ee
d
ed
to
d
etec
t th
e
v
u
ln
er
ab
ilit
y
i
n
t
h
e
v
u
l
n
er
ab
le
f
ile
a
n
d
d
id
n
o
t f
ir
e
alar
m
w
i
th
i
n
t
h
e
r
eso
lv
ed
f
ile.
4
.
3
.
Select
ed
t
o
o
ls
A
w
id
e
r
a
n
g
e
o
f
r
elate
d
to
o
ls
w
as
i
n
v
e
s
ti
g
ated
in
o
r
d
er
to
ch
o
o
s
e
th
e
to
o
ls
w
h
ich
ar
e
elig
ib
le
to
en
g
a
g
e
i
n
t
h
e
e
v
al
u
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
T
h
ese
to
o
ls
m
u
s
t
al
l
o
w
co
m
p
ar
i
n
g
th
e
ir
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
,
u
s
ab
ilit
y
a
n
d
th
e
r
an
g
e
o
f
co
v
er
ed
v
u
l
n
er
ab
ilit
ies.
T
h
is
w
as
th
e
m
ai
n
r
ea
s
o
n
f
o
r
c
h
o
o
s
in
g
o
p
en
s
o
u
r
ce
t
o
o
ls
,
as
th
e
y
o
f
f
e
r
f
u
ll a
cc
es
s
to
t
h
e
s
o
u
r
ce
co
d
e,
w
h
ic
h
h
elp
s
i
n
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
i
n
g
th
e
e
v
al
u
atio
n
r
esu
lts
.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
s
o
m
e
to
o
ls
w
er
e
d
is
ca
r
d
ed
s
u
ch
as
A
r
d
illa
[
2
8
]
an
d
I
P
A
AS
[
2
9
]
s
in
ce
t
h
e
y
d
o
n
o
t
p
r
o
v
id
e
s
o
u
r
ce
co
d
e
y
et
an
d
T
A
P
[
30
]
w
h
ic
h
is
a
r
ec
en
t to
o
l to
d
etec
t v
u
l
n
er
ab
ilit
y
u
s
in
g
d
ee
p
lear
n
in
g
.
T
h
e
s
et
o
f
s
e
lecte
d
to
o
ls
i
n
cl
u
d
es
P
ix
y
,
R
I
P
S
a
n
d
Yet
a
n
o
th
er
So
u
r
ce
C
o
d
e
An
al
y
ze
r
(
YA
S
C
A
)
.
P
ix
y
i
s
t
h
e
f
ir
s
t
a
n
d
p
o
p
u
lar
o
p
en
s
o
u
r
ce
s
tatic
co
d
e
an
al
y
s
is
to
o
l
tar
g
eted
f
o
r
P
HP
[
7
]
.
T
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
to
o
l
i
n
th
e
s
et
i
s
R
I
P
S,
w
h
ic
h
is
a
s
tatic
co
d
e
an
al
y
ze
r
t
h
at
w
as
d
ev
elo
p
ed
b
y
J
o
h
an
n
e
s
Da
h
s
e.
I
t
is
w
r
i
tten
i
n
P
HP
an
d
d
ev
elo
p
ed
t
o
d
etec
t
a
w
id
e
r
an
g
e
o
f
ta
in
t
s
t
y
le
v
u
ln
er
ab
ilit
ies.
T
h
e
t
h
ir
d
to
o
l
in
th
e
s
et
i
s
Y
A
S
C
A
w
h
ic
h
w
as
in
i
tiall
y
cr
e
ated
b
y
Mic
h
ae
l
V.
Sco
v
et
ta
[
31
]
.
I
t
ca
n
s
ca
n
s
o
u
r
ce
co
d
e
w
r
itte
n
i
n
P
HP
an
d
o
th
er
lan
g
u
a
g
es.
5.
E
M
P
I
RICAL
R
E
SU
L
T
S
5
.
1
.
Ana
ly
s
is
T
i
m
e
-
B
a
s
ed
Co
m
pa
ri
s
o
n
T
h
e
an
al
y
s
is
ti
m
e
is
co
m
p
u
ted
f
o
r
ea
c
h
i
n
tr
a
-
b
e
n
ch
m
ar
k
test
,
w
h
i
le
t
h
e
an
a
l
y
s
is
ti
m
e
i
n
in
ter
-
b
e
n
ch
m
ar
k
test
s
w
a
s
ig
n
o
r
ed
,
as
it
w
a
s
s
i
g
n
i
f
ica
n
tl
y
s
m
all.
T
ab
le
2
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
an
al
y
s
is
ti
m
e
f
o
r
in
tr
a
-
b
e
n
ch
m
ar
k
test
s
.
S
C
A
T
to
o
k
a
n
o
ticea
b
ly
lo
n
g
ti
m
e
in
s
o
m
e
ap
p
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n
s
;
a
s
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f
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n
t
p
ar
t
o
f
th
is
ti
m
e
r
etu
r
n
s
to
f
i
le
in
cl
u
s
io
n
r
eso
lu
tio
n
p
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a
s
e;
h
o
w
e
v
er
,
th
is
d
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la
y
s
h
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ld
b
e
ac
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m
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en
t
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
th
e
v
u
ln
er
ab
ili
ties
d
etec
ted
b
y
S
C
A
T
in
th
ese
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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R
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6.
CO
NCLU
SI
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ab
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C
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to
co
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p
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w
eb
s
y
s
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s
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f
f
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in
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t
h
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b
en
ef
its
o
f
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d
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f
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s
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s
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m
ai
n
tai
n
in
g
w
eb
ap
p
licatio
n
s
tab
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y
f
o
r
w
eb
ap
p
licatio
n
s
p
r
o
v
id
er
s
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
A.
Bre
e
v
a
a
n
d
E.
P
o
tse
l
u
e
v
sk
a
y
a
,
“
M
o
st
V
u
l
n
e
ra
b
le
W
e
b
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
i
n
2
0
1
3
:
X
S
S
,
P
H
P
a
n
d
M
e
d
ia
S
it
e
s
,
”
Po
siti
v
e
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
2
0
1
4
.
[2
]
S
.
G
u
p
ta
a
n
d
B.
B.
G
u
p
ta,
“
Cro
ss
-
S
it
e
S
c
rip
ti
n
g
(
X
S
S
)
a
tt
a
c
k
s
a
n
d
d
e
f
e
n
se
m
e
c
h
a
n
is
m
s:
c
la
ss
if
ic
a
ti
o
n
a
n
d
sta
te
-
of
-
t
he
-
a
rt,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
S
y
ste
m
Assu
ra
n
c
e
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
M
a
n
a
g
e
me
n
t
,
v
o
l
.
8
,
p
p
.
5
1
2
-
5
3
0
,
201
7
.
[3
]
M
.
K.
G
u
p
ta,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
S
tatic
a
n
a
l
y
sis
a
p
p
ro
a
c
h
e
s
to
d
e
tec
t
S
QL
in
jec
ti
o
n
a
n
d
c
ro
ss
site
sc
ri
p
ti
n
g
v
u
ln
e
ra
b
il
it
ies
in
w
e
b
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s:
A
su
rv
e
y
,
”
I
n
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
Rec
e
n
t
Ad
v
a
n
c
e
s
a
n
d
In
n
o
v
a
ti
o
n
s
i
n
En
g
in
e
e
ri
n
g
(
ICRA
IE)
,
p
p
.
1
-
5
,
2
0
1
4
.
[4
]
M
.
I.
P
.
S
a
las
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
S
e
c
u
rit
y
T
e
stin
g
M
e
th
o
d
o
l
o
g
y
f
o
r
Ev
a
lu
a
ti
o
n
o
f
W
e
b
S
e
rv
ice
s
Ro
b
u
stn
e
ss
-
Ca
se
:
X
M
L
In
jec
ti
o
n
,
”
2
0
1
5
IEE
E
W
o
rld
C
o
n
g
re
ss
o
n
S
e
rv
ice
s
,
p
p
.
3
0
3
-
3
1
0
,
2
0
1
5
.
[5
]
K.
G
.
P
o
p
st
o
jan
o
v
a
a
n
d
A
.
P
e
rh
i
n
sc
h
i,
“
On
th
e
c
a
p
a
b
il
it
y
o
f
sta
ti
c
c
o
d
e
a
n
a
ly
sis
to
d
e
tec
t
se
c
u
rit
y
v
u
ln
e
ra
b
il
it
ies
,
”
In
fo
rm
a
t
io
n
a
n
d
S
o
ft
wa
re
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
p
p
.
1
8
-
3
3
,
2
0
1
5
.
[6
]
M
.
Co
v
a
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
Vu
ln
e
ra
b
il
it
y
a
n
a
l
y
sis
o
f
we
b
-
b
a
se
d
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s,
”
T
e
st
a
n
d
An
a
lys
is
o
f
W
e
b
S
e
rv
ice
s
,
p
p
.
3
6
3
-
394
,
2
0
0
7
.
[7
]
N.
Jo
v
a
n
o
v
ic,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
P
ix
y
:
A
sta
ti
c
a
n
a
ly
sis
to
o
l
f
o
r
d
e
tec
ti
n
g
w
e
b
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
v
u
l
n
e
ra
b
il
it
ie
s,
”
2
0
0
6
IE
EE
S
y
mp
o
si
u
m o
n
S
e
c
u
rity
a
n
d
Priva
c
y
, p
p
.
6
-
2
6
3
,
2
0
0
6
.
[8
]
F
.
Yu
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
S
tran
g
e
r:
A
n
a
u
to
m
a
ta
-
b
a
se
d
st
rin
g
a
n
a
l
y
sis
t
o
o
l
f
o
r
P
H
P
,”
,
“
T
o
o
ls
a
n
d
A
lg
o
rit
h
m
s
f
o
r
th
e
Co
n
stru
c
ti
o
n
a
n
d
A
n
a
l
y
sis o
f
S
y
s
tem
s
,
”
L
e
c
tu
re
No
tes
in
Co
m
p
u
te
r S
c
ien
c
e
,
v
o
l.
6
0
1
5
,
p
p
.
1
5
4
-
1
5
7
,
2
0
1
0
.
[9
]
D.
Ba
lza
ro
tt
i,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
S
a
n
e
r:
C
o
m
p
o
sin
g
sta
ti
c
a
n
d
d
y
n
a
m
ic
a
n
a
l
y
sis
to
v
a
li
d
a
te
sa
n
it
iza
ti
o
n
i
n
we
b
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s,
”
2
0
0
8
.
IEE
E
S
y
mp
o
si
u
m
o
n
S
e
c
u
ri
ty a
n
d
Priva
c
y
,
p
p
.
3
8
7
-
4
0
1
,
2
0
0
8
.
[1
0
]
J.
Da
h
se
a
n
d
T
.
Ho
lz,
“
S
im
u
lati
o
n
o
f
Bu
il
t
-
in
P
H
P
F
e
a
tu
re
s
f
o
r
P
re
c
ise
S
tatic
Co
d
e
A
n
a
ly
sis,
”
S
y
mp
o
si
u
m
o
n
Ne
two
rk
a
n
d
Distrib
u
ted
S
y
ste
m S
e
c
u
rity (
NDS
S
)
,
2
0
1
4
.
[1
1
]
R.
F
.
A
.
K
a
d
e
r
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
A S
tatic C
o
d
e
A
n
a
l
y
sis
T
o
o
l
f
o
r
S
e
c
u
rit
y
V
u
ln
e
ra
b
il
it
ies
in
P
H
P
5
S
c
rip
ts
,
”
T
h
e
2
0
1
2
W
o
rl
d
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
Co
m
p
u
ter
S
c
ie
n
c
e
a
n
d
I
n
fo
rm
a
t
io
n
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
2
0
1
2
.
[1
2
]
G
.
Kle
in
,
e
t
a
l.
,
J
fl
e
x
-
th
e
f
a
st
sc
a
n
n
e
r
g
e
n
e
ra
t
o
r
fo
r
ja
v
a
,
JFl
e
x
Us
e
r’s
M
a
n
u
a
l,
Ju
ly
2
0
0
5
,
[
On
li
n
e
]
.
A
v
a
il
a
b
le
:
h
tt
p
:
//
ww
w
.
jf
le
x
.
d
e
.
[
A
c
c
e
ss
e
d
o
n
:
Ju
ly
2
0
1
5
].
[1
3
]
S
.
E.
H
u
d
s
o
n
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
C
u
p
p
a
rse
r
g
e
n
e
ra
to
r
f
o
r
jav
a
,
”
P
rin
c
e
to
n
Un
i
v
e
rsit
y
,
1
9
9
9
.
[1
4
]
E.
G
o
k
tas
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
Ou
t
o
f
c
o
n
tro
l
:
Ov
e
rc
o
m
in
g
c
o
n
tro
l
-
f
lo
w
in
teg
rit
y
,”
IEE
E
S
y
mp
o
siu
m
on
S
e
c
u
rit
y
a
n
d
Priva
c
y
,
p
p
.
5
7
5
-
5
8
9
,
2
0
1
4
.
[1
5
]
Y.
X
ie
a
n
d
A
.
A
ik
e
n
,
“
S
tatic
d
e
tec
ti
o
n
o
f
se
c
u
rit
y
v
u
ln
e
ra
b
il
it
ies
in
sc
rip
ti
n
g
lan
g
u
a
g
e
s,
”
Pro
c
e
e
d
in
g
s
o
f
t
h
e
1
5
th
c
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
U
S
ENIX
S
e
c
u
rity S
y
mp
o
siu
m
,
v
o
l
.
6
,
p
p
.
1
7
9
-
1
9
2
,
2
0
0
6
.
[1
6
]
A
.
Ri
m
s
a
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
E
ff
icie
n
t
sta
ti
c
c
h
e
c
k
e
r
f
o
r
tain
ted
v
a
riab
le
a
tt
a
c
k
s,
”
S
c
ien
c
e
o
f
Co
mp
u
ter
Pro
g
ra
mm
in
g
,
v
o
l.
8
0
,
p
p
.
9
1
-
1
0
5
,
2
0
1
4
.
[1
7
]
L
.
K.
S
h
a
r
a
n
d
H.
B.
K.
T
a
n
,
“
A
u
d
it
in
g
th
e
d
e
f
e
n
se
a
g
a
in
st cro
ss
si
te
sc
rip
ti
n
g
in
w
e
b
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s,
”
Pro
c
e
e
d
in
g
s o
f
th
e
2
0
1
0
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
on
S
e
c
u
rity a
n
d
Cry
p
to
g
ra
p
h
y
(
S
ECR
Y
P
T
),
p
p
.
1
-
7
,
2
0
1
0
.
[1
8
]
A
.
Ri
m
sa
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
Tain
ted
f
lo
w
a
n
a
l
y
sis
o
n
e
-
S
S
A
-
f
o
rm
p
ro
g
ra
m
s,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
Co
mp
il
e
r
Co
n
stru
c
ti
o
n
,
p
p
.
1
2
4
-
1
4
3
,
2
0
1
1
.
[1
9
]
J.
El
lso
n
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
G
ra
p
h
v
iz
a
n
d
d
y
n
a
g
r
a
p
h
-
sta
ti
c
a
n
d
d
y
n
a
m
ic
g
r
a
p
h
d
ra
w
in
g
to
o
ls,
”
Gr
a
p
h
Dr
a
win
g
S
o
ft
wa
re
,
p
p
.
1
2
7
-
1
4
8
,
2
0
0
4
.
[2
0
]
“
P
H
P
Of
f
icia
l
Do
c
u
m
e
n
tatio
n
,
”
T
h
e
PHP
Gr
o
u
p
,
[
On
li
n
e
].
A
v
a
il
a
b
le
:
h
tt
p
s://
w
ww
.
p
h
p
.
n
e
t/
m
a
n
u
a
l/
e
n
/
.
[2
1
]
B.
M
b
u
ra
n
o
a
n
d
W
.
S
i,
“
Ev
a
l
u
a
ti
o
n
o
f
W
e
b
V
u
ln
e
ra
b
il
it
y
S
c
a
n
n
e
rs
Ba
se
d
o
n
OWA
S
P
Be
n
c
h
m
a
rk
,”
2
6
t
h
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
S
y
ste
ms
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
p
p
.
1
-
6,
2
0
1
8
.
[2
2
]
R.
M.
P
a
rizi
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
Be
n
c
h
m
a
r
k
Re
q
u
irem
e
n
ts
f
o
r
A
ss
e
ss
in
g
S
o
f
tw
a
r
e
S
e
c
u
rit
y
V
u
ln
e
ra
b
il
it
y
T
e
sti
n
g
T
o
o
ls
,
”
IEE
E
4
2
n
d
A
n
n
u
a
l
Co
m
p
u
ter
S
o
ft
w
a
re
a
n
d
Ap
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
,
p
p
.
8
2
5
-
8
2
6
,
2
0
1
8
.
[2
3
]
N.
L.
d
e
P
e
o
l,
“
A
u
to
m
a
ted
se
c
u
rit
y
re
v
ie
w
o
f
P
HP
w
e
b
a
p
p
li
c
a
t
io
n
s
w
it
h
sta
ti
c
c
o
d
e
a
n
a
ly
sis,
”
M
a
ste
r'
s
th
e
sis,
2
0
1
0
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
10
,
No
.
6
,
Dec
em
b
er
2
0
2
0
:
6
0
6
1
-
6
0
7
0
6070
[2
4
]
G
.
Ch
a
tzie
le
f
th
e
rio
u
a
n
d
P
.
Ka
tsa
ro
s,
“
T
e
st
-
d
riv
in
g
sta
ti
c
a
n
a
l
y
sis
to
o
ls
in
se
a
rc
h
o
f
C
c
o
d
e
v
u
l
n
e
ra
b
il
it
ies
,
”
2011
IEE
E
3
5
th
An
n
u
a
l
C
o
mp
u
ter
S
o
ft
wa
re
a
n
d
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
W
o
rk
sh
o
p
s (
COM
PS
ACW
),
p
p
.
9
6
-
1
0
3
,
2
0
1
1
.
[2
5
]
G
.
Día
z
a
n
d
J.
R.
Be
r
m
e
jo
,
“
S
tatic
a
n
a
l
y
sis
o
f
so
u
rc
e
c
o
d
e
se
c
u
rit
y
:
a
ss
e
ss
m
e
n
t
o
f
to
o
ls
a
g
a
in
st
S
A
M
AT
E
tes
ts,
”
In
fo
rm
a
t
io
n
a
n
d
S
o
ft
wa
re
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
v
o
l.
5
5
,
n
o
.
8
,
p
p
.
1
4
6
2
-
1
4
7
6
,
2
0
1
3
.
[2
6
]
U.
S
a
r
m
a
h
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
A
su
rv
e
y
o
f
d
e
te
c
ti
o
n
m
e
th
o
d
s
f
o
r
X
S
S
a
tt
a
c
k
s,
”
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Ne
two
rk
a
n
d
C
o
mp
u
ter
Ap
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
,
v
o
l
.
1
1
8
,
p
p
.
1
1
3
-
1
4
3
,
S
e
p
.
2
0
1
8
.
[2
7
]
M
.
A
.
Ka
u
sa
r,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
S
QL
in
jec
ti
o
n
De
tec
ti
o
n
a
n
d
P
re
v
e
n
ti
o
n
T
e
c
h
n
iq
u
e
s
in
A
S
P
.
NET
W
e
b
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s,
”
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Re
c
e
n
t
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
a
n
d
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
(
IJ
RT
E
)
,
v
o
l.
8
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
7
7
5
9
-
7
7
6
6
,
S
e
p
.
2
0
1
9
.
[2
8
]
A
.
Kie
y
z
u
n
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
A
u
to
m
a
ti
c
c
r
e
a
ti
o
n
o
f
S
QL
in
jec
ti
o
n
a
n
d
c
ro
ss
-
site
sc
rip
ti
n
g
a
tt
a
c
k
s,
”
IEE
E
3
1
st
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
S
o
ft
w
a
re
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
(
ICS
E
2
0
0
9
)
,
p
p
.
1
9
9
-
2
0
9
,
2
0
0
9
.
[2
9
]
T
.
S
c
h
o
lt
e
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
P
re
v
e
n
ti
n
g
In
p
u
t
V
a
li
d
a
ti
o
n
Vu
ln
e
ra
b
il
it
ies
in
W
e
b
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
Au
to
m
a
ted
Ty
p
e
A
n
a
l
y
si
s
,”
2
0
1
2
IEE
E
3
6
th
A
n
n
u
a
l
Co
m
p
u
ter
S
o
ft
w
a
re
a
n
d
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
(
C
OM
PS
AC)
,
p
p
.
2
3
3
-
2
4
3
,
2
0
1
2
.
[3
0
]
Y.
F
a
n
g
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
TA
P
:
A
sta
ti
c
a
n
a
l
y
s
is
m
o
d
e
l
f
o
r
P
HP
v
u
l
n
e
ra
b
il
it
ies
b
a
se
d
o
n
t
o
k
e
n
a
n
d
d
e
e
p
lea
rn
in
g
tec
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,”
PL
o
S
ONE
,
v
o
l
.
14
,
n
o
.
11
,
p
p.
e
0
2
2
5
1
9
6
,
2
0
1
9
.
[3
1
]
A
.
A
.
Ne
to
a
n
d
M
.
V
ieira
,
“
T
ru
stw
o
rth
in
e
ss
Be
n
c
h
m
a
rk
in
g
o
f
W
e
b
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
Us
in
g
S
tatic
Co
d
e
A
n
a
l
y
sis,
”
2
0
1
1
S
ixth
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
on
Ava
il
a
b
il
it
y
,
Reli
a
b
il
it
y
a
n
d
S
e
c
u
rity (
AR
ES
)
,
p
p
.
2
2
4
-
2
2
9
,
2
0
1
1
.
B
I
O
G
RAP
H
I
E
S
O
F
AUTH
O
RS
Ra
b
a
b
Fa
r
o
u
k
A
b
d
e
l
-
K
a
d
e
r
s
h
e
re
c
e
iv
e
d
h
e
r
B.
S
.
f
ro
m
th
e
E
lec
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
De
p
a
rt
m
e
n
t
S
u
e
z
Ca
n
a
l
Un
iv
e
rsity
in
1
9
9
8
.
S
h
e
re
c
e
iv
e
d
h
e
r
P
h
.
D.
d
e
g
re
e
fro
m
th
e
d
e
p
a
rtme
n
t
o
f
Co
m
p
u
ter
S
c
ien
c
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