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I
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3
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I
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ep
r
esen
tati
v
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
d
u
e
to
its
ef
f
ec
t
iv
e
n
es
s
o
f
in
ter
-
ce
ll
i
n
ter
f
er
e
n
ce
co
o
r
d
in
atio
n
w
ith
o
u
t
co
m
p
r
o
m
is
i
n
g
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
e
f
f
ici
en
c
y
.
S
FR
ca
n
ac
h
iev
e
b
etter
o
u
tag
e
co
n
d
it
io
n
s
t
h
a
n
clas
s
i
ca
l
r
eu
s
e
s
c
h
e
m
es
an
d
i
m
p
r
o
v
es
t
h
e
ca
p
ac
it
y
w
i
th
r
esp
ec
t
to
FF
R
s
ch
e
m
es
[
10
]
.
So
f
t
Fre
q
u
en
c
y
R
e
u
s
e
(
SF
R
)
is
co
n
s
id
er
ed
as
an
ef
f
ec
ti
v
e
r
eso
u
r
ce
allo
ca
tio
n
tech
n
iq
u
e
th
at
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
u
s
er
s
,
e
s
p
ec
iall
y
f
o
r
u
s
er
ex
p
er
ien
ci
n
g
p
o
o
r
s
ig
n
al.
I
n
ter
-
C
ell
I
n
ter
f
er
en
ce
(
I
C
I
)
s
tr
o
n
g
l
y
af
f
ec
ti
n
g
Sig
n
al
-
to
-
I
n
ter
f
er
e
n
ce
p
lu
s
No
is
e
R
atio
(
SIN
R
)
o
f
ac
tiv
e
UE
s
,
esp
ec
iall
y
ce
ll
-
ed
g
e
u
s
er
s
,
w
h
ic
h
lead
s
to
a
s
ig
n
i
f
ican
t
d
eg
r
ad
a
tio
n
in
t
h
e
to
tal
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t
.
T
h
e
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
o
f
f
d
if
f
er
en
t
ce
lls
w
i
th
d
if
f
er
en
t
tr
an
s
m
itted
p
o
w
er
co
u
ld
m
a
k
e
th
e
I
C
I
p
r
o
b
lem
is
m
o
r
e
co
m
p
lica
ted
,
s
i
n
ce
s
i
m
u
lta
n
e
o
u
s
tr
a
n
s
m
i
s
s
io
n
s
o
v
er
th
e
s
a
m
e
f
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
in
ad
j
ac
en
t
c
ell.
T
h
e
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t
v
alu
e
f
o
r
u
s
er
s
t
h
at
ar
e
f
ar
f
r
o
m
e
-
No
d
eB
(
eNB
)
b
ec
o
m
es
p
r
o
b
le
m
s
i
n
ce
th
e
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
e
f
f
icie
n
c
y
i
s
d
ec
r
ea
s
in
g
,
an
d
h
e
n
ce
d
ec
r
ea
s
in
g
t
h
e
q
u
alit
y
o
f
s
y
s
te
m
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
s
.
I
n
th
is
p
ap
er
,
w
e
b
u
ild
a
s
y
s
te
m
-
le
v
e
l
s
i
m
u
lato
r
t
o
ev
al
u
ate
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
SF
R
w
it
h
HetN
et
s
y
s
te
m
i
n
o
r
d
er
d
ea
lin
g
with
i
n
ter
f
er
e
n
ce
.
I
n
S
ec
tio
n
2
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
m
o
d
el
w
i
ll
b
e
d
escr
ib
ed
,
w
h
i
le
i
n
S
ec
tio
n
3
w
e
w
il
l
b
e
ex
p
lai
n
e
d
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
m
o
d
e
l
an
d
f
o
r
m
u
latio
n
.
I
n
S
ec
tio
n
4
th
e
s
i
m
u
la
tio
n
s
et
u
p
an
d
t
h
e
r
es
u
lt
w
ill
b
e
ex
p
lai
n
ed
w
h
ile
th
e
S
ec
tio
n
5
co
n
clu
d
e
th
e
d
i
s
cu
s
s
io
n
in
t
h
is
p
ap
er
.
2.
P
RO
P
AG
A
T
I
O
N
M
O
DE
L
On
e
o
f
m
o
s
t
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
m
etr
i
c
in
a
ce
ll
u
lar
n
et
w
o
r
k
is
t
h
e
Sig
n
al
to
I
n
ter
f
er
en
ce
a
n
d
n
o
is
e
r
atio
(
SIN
R
)
.
On
ce
t
h
e
SIN
R
d
is
tr
i
b
u
tio
n
i
s
k
n
o
w
n
,
t
h
e
o
u
ta
g
e
a
n
d
av
er
ag
e
r
ate
ca
n
b
e
ea
s
il
y
co
m
p
u
ted
.
W
e
co
u
ld
p
ick
an
ar
b
itra
r
y
s
et
o
f
p
o
in
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
an
d
f
ad
in
g
d
is
tr
ib
u
t
io
n
s
to
p
lo
t
t
h
e
SIN
R
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
u
s
i
n
g
a
Mo
n
te
C
ar
lo
s
i
m
u
la
tio
n
.
T
h
e
SIN
R
i
s
f
o
r
m
u
lated
i
n
E
q
u
atio
n
(
1
)
,
w
it
h
P
_
R
is
t
h
e
r
ec
ei
v
ed
p
o
w
er
b
y
UE
,
I
is
to
tal
in
ter
f
er
i
n
g
p
o
w
er
an
d
N
is
t
h
e
n
o
is
e
p
o
w
er
[
4
].
N
I
PR
S
I
N
R
(
1
)
No
is
e
p
o
w
er
in
d
B
m
is
ca
lc
u
l
ated
in
E
q
u
atio
n
(
2
)
w
it
h
is
B
o
ltz
m
an
co
n
s
ta
n
t,
is
r
o
o
m
te
m
p
er
at
u
r
e,
is
s
y
s
te
m
b
an
d
w
id
t
h
,
is
n
o
is
e
f
ig
u
r
e
w
h
ic
h
is
ass
u
m
ed
0
an
d
is
I
m
p
le
m
en
ta
t
io
n
L
o
s
s
w
h
ic
h
is
ass
u
m
ed
0
[
11
]
,
IL
NF
BW
kT
N
l
o
g
10
l
o
g
10
(
2
)
I
n
th
is
p
ap
er
w
e
u
s
ed
Sta
n
f
o
r
d
Un
i
v
er
s
it
y
I
n
ter
i
m
(
SUI
)
m
o
d
el
to
d
escr
ib
e
th
e
ch
ar
ac
ter
izatio
n
o
f
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
at
th
e
lar
g
est
s
p
atial
s
ca
le.
T
h
e
b
en
ef
it
o
f
t
h
is
m
o
d
el
is
allo
w
u
s
to
co
n
s
id
er
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
co
n
d
itio
n
s
f
o
r
b
o
th
lo
n
g
er
an
d
clo
s
er
d
is
tan
ce
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
eNB
[
9
]
.
SUI
is
o
n
e
o
f
ch
a
n
n
el
m
o
d
el
f
o
r
t
h
e
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
b
a
n
d
s
b
elo
w
1
1
G
Hz,
w
h
ic
h
i
s
d
ev
elo
p
ed
u
n
d
er
th
e
8
0
2
.
1
6
I
E
E
E
w
o
r
k
in
g
g
r
o
u
p
th
at
d
e
v
elo
p
th
e
tech
n
ical
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
f
o
r
f
ix
ed
w
ir
ele
s
s
ac
ce
s
s
s
y
s
te
m
s
[
12
].
T
h
e
d
o
w
n
li
n
k
p
at
h
lo
s
s
is
d
ef
in
ed
i
n
t
w
o
ca
s
es,
f
o
r
d
is
tan
ce
lo
w
er
th
an
a
r
ef
e
r
en
ce
d
is
tan
ce
an
d
f
o
r
d
is
tan
ce
h
ig
h
er
th
an
.
T
h
e
d
o
w
n
l
i
n
k
p
ath
lo
s
s
is
d
ef
in
ed
as [
11
]
,
'
0
'
0
0
,
4
l
o
g
20
,
l
o
g
10
R
R
if
s
R
R
R
if
s
X
X
R
R
P
h
f
L
(
3
)
Fig
u
r
e
1
s
h
o
w
t
h
e
HetNe
t.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
S
o
ft F
r
eq
u
en
cy
R
e
u
s
e
(
S
F
R
)
i
n
LT
E
-
A
Hete
r
o
g
en
eo
u
s
N
etw
o
r
ks b
a
s
ed
u
p
o
n
P
o
w
er R
a
tio
…
(
I
s
ka
n
d
a
r
)
1571
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
HetNe
t
is
th
e
d
is
tan
ce
b
et
w
ee
n
eNB
an
d
UE
in
m
eter
,
is
th
e
co
r
r
e
ctio
n
f
ac
to
r
s
in
ce
t
h
e
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
u
s
ed
is
a
b
o
v
e
2
G
Hz
w
h
ic
h
is
d
ef
i
n
ed
in
E
q
u
atio
n
(
4
)
,
is
th
e
c
o
r
r
ec
tio
n
f
ac
to
r
f
o
r
t
h
e
r
ec
ei
v
er
an
te
n
n
a
h
ei
g
h
t
w
h
ic
h
is
d
ef
in
ed
in
E
q
u
atio
n
(
5
)
,
an
d
r
ep
r
esen
ts
a
s
h
ad
o
w
i
n
g
ter
m
o
r
a
9
5
th
p
er
ce
n
tile
ter
m
in
p
lan
n
i
n
g
m
ar
g
i
n
s
.
T
h
e
v
a
lu
e
o
f
is
a
f
i
x
ed
v
alu
e,
t
h
at
is
eq
u
al
to
1
5
.
8
d
B
f
o
r
th
e
in
ter
m
ed
iate
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t
[
13
]
.
T
h
e
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
co
r
r
ec
tio
n
f
ac
to
r
ca
n
b
e
ex
p
r
ess
ed
as [
12
]
,
2000
/
]
[
l
o
g
6
M
h
z
f
x
X
f
(
4
)
a
n
d
co
r
r
ec
tio
n
f
ac
to
r
f
o
r
an
ten
n
a
h
ei
g
h
t c
an
b
e
d
ef
i
n
ed
as [
8
]
,
2000
/
l
o
g
UE
h
h
x
d
X
(
5
)
w
h
er
e
is
th
e
r
ec
eiv
er
an
te
n
n
a
h
eig
h
t
an
d
f
o
r
ter
r
ain
t
y
p
es
A
an
d
B
o
r
f
o
r
ter
r
ain
ty
p
e
C
.
T
h
e
v
alu
e
o
f
is
d
ef
i
n
ed
as [
12
]
,
/
4
l
o
g
20
'
0
R
x
(
6
)
R
ef
er
e
n
ce
d
is
ta
n
ce
is
d
ef
i
n
ed
b
y
[
11
]
,
10
0
'
0
10
h
f
X
X
x
R
R
(
7
)
T
h
e
p
ath
lo
s
s
ex
p
o
n
e
n
t
d
ep
en
d
s
o
n
th
e
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t,
w
h
ich
is
d
ef
i
n
ed
as [
12
]
,
e
N
B
e
N
B
h
C
h
x
b
a
(
8
)
w
h
er
e
is
th
e
eNB
an
ten
n
a
h
eig
h
t
(
in
m
eter
s
)
.
T
h
e
a
,
b
,
a
n
d
c
co
n
s
tan
t
s
d
ep
en
d
o
n
th
e
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t.
T
h
e
v
alu
e
o
f
p
at
h
lo
s
s
ex
p
o
n
e
n
t i
n
t
h
e
u
r
b
an
a
r
ea
is
,
f
o
r
u
r
b
an
ar
ea
f
o
r
ce
llu
lar
r
ad
io
p
ath
lo
s
s
ex
p
o
n
e
n
t
is
,
an
d
f
o
r
s
h
ad
o
w
ed
u
r
b
an
ar
ea
f
o
r
ce
ll
u
lar
r
ad
io
p
ath
lo
s
s
e
x
p
o
n
en
t
is
b
et
w
ee
n
an
d
.
I
n
in
d
o
o
r
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
p
ath
lo
s
s
e
x
p
o
n
e
n
t is o
v
er
[
13
]
,
[1
4
].
T
h
e
SUI
m
o
d
el
co
v
er
t
h
r
ee
m
o
s
t
co
m
m
o
n
ter
r
ain
ca
teg
o
r
ies
:
a
h
ill
y
ter
r
ai
n
w
i
th
m
o
d
er
ate
to
h
ea
v
y
tr
ee
d
en
s
itie
s
(
t
y
p
e
A
)
,
a
n
i
n
te
r
m
ed
iate
p
ath
lo
s
s
co
n
d
itio
n
s
(
t
y
p
e
B
)
,
an
d
a
m
o
s
tl
y
f
lat
ter
r
ain
w
it
h
li
g
h
t
tr
ee
d
en
s
itie
s
(
t
y
p
e
C
)
.
Fo
r
t
y
p
e
B
,
th
e
ter
r
ain
t
y
p
e
u
s
e
v
alu
e
,
,
,
an
d
[
9
]
.
I
n
th
is
p
ap
er
w
e
co
n
s
id
er
ate
th
e
B
ty
p
e
ter
r
ain
.
3.
SYST
E
M
M
O
DE
L
AND
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O
RM
UL
AT
I
O
N
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h
e
s
y
s
te
m
m
o
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el
co
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p
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m
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d
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i
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Fi
g
u
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2
.
S
FR
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m
p
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en
tatio
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ac
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o
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ll
i
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to
ce
ll
ce
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ter
w
it
h
f
r
eq
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en
c
y
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eu
s
e
o
f
1
an
d
ce
ll
ed
g
e
w
h
ic
h
h
a
s
f
r
eq
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en
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y
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eu
s
e
p
atter
n
w
it
h
f
ac
to
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is
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o
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te
d
.
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cr
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ce
ll
h
as
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ad
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it
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is
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ir
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t
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tier
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ter
f
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o
m
m
ea
s
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ce
ll
ce
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ter
w
h
ic
h
is
d
ef
in
ed
as
√
an
d
√
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
Ma
cr
o
ce
ll
allo
ca
ted
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
s
ep
ar
atel
y
i
n
to
th
r
ee
s
e
g
m
e
n
t
(
)
.
C
ell
c
en
ter
m
a
k
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u
s
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all
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m
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n
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it
s
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j
ac
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ce
ll
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s
eg
m
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n
t
allo
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tio
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.
T
h
is
m
et
h
o
d
w
ill
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
in
ter
ce
ll c
en
ter
in
t
er
f
er
en
ce
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2088
-
8708
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
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n
g
,
Vo
l.
8
,
No
.
3
,
J
u
n
e
2
0
1
8
:
1
5
6
9
–
1576
1572
T
h
e
m
ax
i
m
u
m
tr
a
n
s
m
it
p
o
w
e
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f
eNB
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i
n
ed
as
th
e
p
o
w
e
r
tr
a
n
s
m
it
ted
to
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ce
ll
ed
g
e.
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s
m
itted
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ce
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ce
n
ter
is
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y
m
u
l
tip
lied
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s
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i
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ll
ed
g
e
is
d
en
o
te
d
in
E
q
u
atio
n
(
9
)
[
11
]
,
[1
5
].
1
0
;
Tc
Te
P
(
9
)
I
n
ter
f
er
en
ce
t
h
at
o
cc
u
r
r
ed
in
m
ac
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o
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ter
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ll
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ter
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d
in
ter
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ce
r
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b
y
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ll
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e.
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in
ce
ll
ce
n
ter
in
ter
f
er
ed
b
y
ad
j
ac
en
t
ce
lls
ce
n
ter
(
6
ce
lls
in
th
e
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ir
s
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d
1
2
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lls
in
th
e
s
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tier
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d
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g
e
ce
ll
(
6
ce
lls
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th
e
s
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n
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tier
)
,
w
it
h
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d
in
E
q
u
atio
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s
(
1
0
)
an
d
(
1
3
)
.
UE
in
ce
ll
ed
g
e
in
ter
f
er
ed
b
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p
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w
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tr
an
s
m
itted
f
r
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ad
j
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en
t
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ter
(
6
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n
d
1
2
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in
s
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o
n
d
tier
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a
d
j
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t
6
ce
lls
ed
g
e
f
o
r
m
u
lat
ed
in
(
1
2
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an
d
(
1
3
)
.
C
o
ef
f
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t
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d
th
e
p
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ab
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eNB
tr
an
s
m
i
t to
th
e
ce
l
l e
d
g
e
d
ef
in
ed
i
n
[
11
]
,
[1
6
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
SF
R
HetNe
t
m
o
d
el
w
it
h
K
=
3
Tc
c
Tc
c
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d
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I
2
*
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1
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6
(
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2
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C
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I
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M
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ip
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eq
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en
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o
f
1
.
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e
ass
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m
e
t
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at
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ch
m
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ll
o
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ter
f
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ed
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y
6
id
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tic
m
icr
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ep
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ated
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ce
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m
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o
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m
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ted
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a
m
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ter
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[
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6
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mi
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w
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f
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SUI
co
ef
f
icie
n
t
s
ex
p
lai
n
ed
in
[
11
]
,
[1
6
].
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
S
o
ft F
r
eq
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en
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R
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r
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c
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d
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11
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,
L
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].
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x
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d
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ize
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n
in
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2
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]
.
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1
.
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m
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o
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r
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5
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4.
SI
M
UL
AT
I
O
N
R
E
S
UL
T
A
ND
ANAL
YSI
S
4
.
1
.
Si
m
ula
t
io
n s
et
u
p
I
n
o
u
r
s
i
m
u
latio
n
,
w
e
ai
m
to
ev
alu
a
te
th
e
p
o
w
er
r
atio
v
ar
iatio
n
s
b
y
i
n
s
p
ec
ti
n
g
ac
h
ie
v
ed
ca
p
ac
it
y
o
f
th
e
ce
ll.
P
er
ce
n
tag
e
o
f
UE
s
co
v
er
ed
b
u
y
m
icr
o
ce
lls
also
b
ec
o
m
e
a
n
in
ter
est
in
g
p
ar
a
m
et
er
to
ev
alu
ate.
T
o
t
al
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
UE
s
s
er
v
ed
is
1
0
0
.
Si
m
u
latio
n
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
li
s
ted
o
n
T
ab
le
3
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2088
-
8708
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
8
,
No
.
3
,
J
u
n
e
2
0
1
8
:
1
5
6
9
–
1576
1574
T
ab
le
3
.
Sim
u
latio
n
P
ar
am
e
ter
s
P
a
r
a
me
t
e
r
V
a
l
u
e
N
u
mb
e
r
o
f
ma
c
r
o
c
e
l
l
p
e
r
c
l
u
st
e
r
7
N
u
mb
e
r
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f
mi
c
r
o
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e
l
l
p
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r
mac
r
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l
l
10
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a
n
d
w
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t
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mac
r
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c
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l
l
1
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M
H
z
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d
w
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in
m
ac
r
o
-
ce
ll,
t
h
e
u
s
er
s
t
h
at
ar
e
lo
ca
ted
in
ce
ll
ed
g
e
h
a
v
e
b
etter
SIN
R
a
n
d
ca
p
ac
it
y
r
at
h
er
t
h
a
n
u
s
er
s
lo
ca
ted
i
n
ce
ll
ce
n
ter
,
s
i
n
ce
e
v
er
y
s
e
g
m
en
t
h
a
s
b
ee
n
allo
ca
ted
t
h
e
f
i
x
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
R
B
.
Fo
r
u
s
er
s
i
n
m
icr
o
-
ce
ll,
th
e
SIN
R
a
n
d
ca
p
ac
it
y
ar
e
h
i
g
h
est
w
h
e
n
th
e
u
s
er
’
s
d
i
s
tan
ce
is
t
h
e
n
ea
r
est
o
n
e,
an
d
lo
w
es
t
w
h
e
n
th
e
u
s
er
’
s
d
i
s
tan
ce
i
s
th
e
f
ar
th
est
o
n
e,
s
in
ce
t
h
e
f
ar
th
er
u
s
er
f
r
o
m
eNB
,
th
e
lo
w
er
p
o
w
er
w
ill b
e
tr
an
s
m
itte
d
d
u
e
to
p
ath
lo
s
s
an
d
in
ter
f
er
en
ce
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
S
.
Ne
e
ra
ja,
G
.
S
a
sib
h
u
sh
a
n
a
Ra
o
,
“
A
Co
m
p
a
ra
ti
v
e
stu
d
y
o
n
Ha
n
d
o
f
f
A
lg
o
rit
h
m
s
f
o
r
G
S
M
a
n
d
CDMA
C
e
ll
u
lar
Ne
tw
o
rk
s
”
,
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
a
n
d
Co
m
p
u
ter
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
(
IJ
ECE
)
,
v
o
l
.
7
,
n
o
.
3
,
Ju
n
e
2
0
1
7
,
IS
S
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8
7
0
8
.
[2
]
Isk
a
n
d
a
r,
I.
S
e
t
y
a
wa
n
,
a
n
d
H.
Nu
ra
in
i,
“
In
te
r
-
c
e
ll
In
terf
e
re
n
c
e
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
Tec
h
n
iq
u
e
f
o
r
M
u
lt
i
-
Ce
ll
L
T
E
-
A
Ne
tw
o
rk
”
,
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
a
n
d
C
o
mp
u
ter
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
(
IJ
ECE
)
,
v
ol
.
7
,
n
o
.
5
,
Oc
to
b
e
r
2
0
1
7
,
IS
S
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8
7
0
8
.
[3
]
A
d
e
e
b
S
a
lh
,
L
u
k
m
a
n
A
u
d
a
h
,
N
o
r
S
h
a
h
id
a
M
o
h
d
S
h
a
h
,
S
h
i
p
u
n
A
n
u
a
r
Ha
m
z
a
h
,
“
A
d
a
p
ti
v
e
A
n
ten
n
a
S
e
lec
ti
o
n
a
n
d
P
o
w
e
r
A
ll
o
c
a
ti
o
n
in
Do
w
n
li
n
k
M
a
ss
iv
e
M
IM
O
S
y
ste
m
s”
,
In
te
rn
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
a
n
d
C
o
mp
u
ter
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
(
IJ
ECE
)
,
v
ol
.
7
,
n
o
.
6
,
De
c
e
m
b
e
r
2
0
1
7
,
IS
S
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8
7
0
8
.
[4
]
Isk
a
n
d
a
r
a
n
d
D.
Hid
a
y
a
t,
“
S
C
-
F
DMA
LT
E
P
e
rf
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
T
h
ro
u
g
h
Hig
h
A
lt
it
u
d
e
P
latf
o
rm
s
C
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
(HA
P
S
)
Ch
a
n
n
e
l”
,
T
EL
KOM
NIKA
(
T
e
lec
o
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
,
Co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
,
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
,
a
n
d
Co
n
tro
l
)
,
v
o
l.
1
4
,
n
o.
2
,
Ju
n
e
2
0
1
6
,
p
p
.
1
1
9
-
1
2
8
.
[5
]
A
u
b
id
a
,
A
.
J
a
si
m
,
a
n
d
S
.
A
.
M
a
w
jo
u
d
,
"
LT
E
H
e
tero
g
e
n
o
u
s
Ne
tw
o
rk
:
A
Ca
s
e
S
tu
d
y
"
,
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Co
mp
u
ter
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s (
0
9
7
5
-
8
8
8
7
)
,
v
o
l.
6
1
,
n
o
.
8
,
Ja
n
u
a
ry
2
0
1
3
.
[6
]
A
.
G
h
o
sh
,
e
t
a
ll
,
"
He
tero
g
e
n
o
u
s
Ce
ll
u
lar
N
e
t
w
o
rk
:
F
ro
m
T
h
e
o
ry
to
P
ra
c
ti
c
e
"
,
IEE
E
Co
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
M
a
g
,
p
p
.
5
4
-
6
4
,
Ju
n
e
2
0
1
2
.
[7
]
G
.
G
ia
m
b
e
n
e
,
V
.
A
.
L
e
,
T
.
Bo
u
rg
e
a
u
,
H.
Ch
a
o
u
c
h
i,
"
S
o
ft
Fre
q
u
e
n
c
y
Reu
se
S
c
h
e
me
s
fo
r
He
ter
o
g
e
n
o
u
s
L
T
E
S
y
ste
ms
"
,
IEE
E
ICC
2
0
1
5
-
M
o
b
i
le an
d
W
irele
ss
Ne
t
w
o
rk
in
g
S
y
m
p
o
siu
m
,
p
p
.
3
1
6
1
-
3
1
6
6
,
2
0
1
5
.
[8
]
E.
R.
M
a
rti
n
e
z
,
“
In
ter
Ce
ll
In
t
e
rfe
re
n
c
e
Co
o
rd
i
n
a
ti
o
n
T
e
c
h
n
iq
u
e
s
in
HET
NET
:
A
l
m
o
st
Bla
n
k
S
u
b
-
F
ra
m
e
s
A
p
p
ro
a
c
h
,
”
2
0
1
3
.
[9
]
M
.
Ya
ss
in
,
e
t
a
l,
“
S
u
rv
e
y
o
f
ICI
C
T
e
c
h
n
iq
u
e
s
in
L
T
E
Ne
t
w
o
rk
s
u
n
d
e
r
V
a
ri
o
u
s
M
o
b
il
e
E
n
v
iro
n
m
e
n
t
P
a
ra
m
e
ter
s
”
,
De
c
e
m
b
e
r
2
0
1
5
.
[1
0
]
R.
P
a
ti
l,
R.
D.
P
a
tan
e
,
“
In
ter
-
c
e
ll
In
terf
e
re
n
c
e
M
it
ig
a
ti
o
n
Re
d
u
c
t
io
n
in
L
T
E
Us
in
g
F
re
q
u
e
n
c
y
R
e
u
se
S
c
h
e
m
e
”
,
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
S
c
ien
ti
fi
c
a
n
d
Res
e
a
c
h
Pu
b
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s,
v
o
l
.
5
,
n
o
.
8
,
A
u
g
u
st 2
0
1
5
.
[1
1
]
G
.
G
ia
m
b
e
n
e
a
n
d
T
.
A
.
Ya
h
i
y
a
,
“
LT
E
P
l
a
n
n
i
n
g
f
o
r
S
o
f
t
F
re
q
u
e
n
c
y
Re
u
se
”
,
2
0
1
3
.
[1
2
]
V
.
Erce
g
,
K.V
.
S
.
Ha
ri,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
Ch
a
n
n
e
l
m
o
d
e
ls
f
o
r
f
ix
e
d
w
irele
ss
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s”
,
tec
h
.
re
p
.
,
IEE
E
8
0
2
.
1
6
Br
o
a
d
b
a
n
d
W
irele
ss
Ac
c
e
s
s W
o
rk
in
g
G
ro
u
p
,
Ja
n
u
a
ry
2
0
0
1
.
[1
3
]
W
.
Af
ric,
N.
M
a
to
sic
a
n
d
D.
V
a
k
a
n
te,
"
W
iM
AX
o
n
3
.
5
GH
z
Ce
ll
S
ize
Ca
lcu
l
a
ti
o
n
"
,
P
r
o
c
e
e
d
in
g
s
EL
M
AR
2
0
0
6
,
Zad
a
r,
2
0
0
6
,
p
p
.
1
9
5
-
1
9
8
.
[1
4
]
Ra
m
jee
P
ra
sa
d
;
"
Un
iv
e
r
sa
l
Wi
re
les
s
P
e
rso
n
a
l
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s"
,
A
rtec
h
Ho
u
se
,
Bo
sto
n
,
L
o
n
d
o
n
,
1
9
9
8
,
p
p
.
3
5
0
-
3
5
3
.
[1
5
]
G
.
G
ia
m
b
e
n
e
a
n
d
V
.
A
.
L
e
,
"
Per
fo
rm
a
n
c
e
e
v
a
l
u
a
ti
o
n
o
f
d
i
ff
e
re
n
t
fra
c
ti
o
n
a
l
fre
q
u
e
n
c
y
re
u
se
sc
h
e
me
s
fo
r
L
T
E
"
,
2
0
1
4
E
u
ro
M
e
d
T
e
lco
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
(EM
T
C)
,
Na
p
les
,
2
0
1
4
,
p
p
.
1
-
6.
[1
6
]
V
.
Erce
g
e
t
a
l.
,
“
A
n
Em
p
iri
c
a
ll
y
B
a
se
d
P
a
th
L
o
ss
M
o
d
e
l
f
o
r
W
irele
ss
Ch
a
n
n
e
ls
in
S
u
b
u
rb
a
n
En
v
iro
n
m
e
n
ts
”
,
v
o
l.
1
7
,
n
o
.
7
,
p
p
.
1
2
0
5
-
1
2
1
1
,
1
9
9
9
.
[1
7
]
G
.
G
ia
m
b
e
n
e
,
V
.
A
.
L
e
,
T
.
Bo
u
r
g
e
a
u
,
a
n
d
H.
Ch
a
o
u
c
h
i
,
“
S
o
ft
fr
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
re
u
se
sc
h
e
me
s
fo
r
h
e
ter
o
g
e
n
e
o
u
s
L
T
E
sy
ste
ms
”
,
in
IEE
E
I
n
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
,
2
0
1
5
,
v
o
l.
2
0
1
5
–
S
e
p
te,
n
o
.
Ic
ic,
p
p
.
3
1
6
1
-
3
1
6
6
.
[1
8
]
V
.
Erce
g
,
L
.
J.
G
r
e
e
n
ste
in
,
S
.
Y.
T
jan
d
ra
,
S
.
R.
P
a
rk
o
f
f
,
A
.
Gu
p
ta,
B.
n
K
u
li
c
,
A
.
A
.
Ju
li
u
s,
R.
Bian
c
h
i,
“
A
n
Em
p
iri
c
a
ll
y
b
a
se
d
P
a
th
L
o
ss
M
o
d
e
l
f
o
r
W
irele
ss
Ch
a
n
n
e
ls
in
S
u
b
u
rb
a
n
E
n
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
ts”
,
IEE
E
J
S
A
C
,
v
o
l.
1
7
,
n
o
.
7
,
p
p
.
1
2
0
5
-
1
2
1
1
,
Ju
ly
1
9
9
9
.
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