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o
r
h
ar
v
e
s
t
af
t
er
3
y
ear
s
o
f
g
r
o
w
i
n
g
[4
]
.
U
t
i
l
i
z
a
t
i
on of
ba
m
boo i
n
i
n
dus
t
r
i
a
l
i
s
n
ot
n
e
w
.
I
t
h
a
s
be
e
n
us
e
d
w
i
de
l
y
f
or
m
a
ny
a
ppl
i
c
a
t
i
on
s
s
u
c
h a
s
s
tr
u
c
t
u
r
a
l a
p
p
lic
a
tio
n
s
[4
]
a
nd
ho
us
e
ho
l
d
t
h
i
n
gs
[5
]
.
A
t
t
he
m
o
m
e
nt
,
t
he
i
nve
nt
i
o
ns
o
f
u
s
i
ng b
a
m
b
o
o
i
n d
a
i
l
y
l
i
f
e ar
e r
each
i
n
g
o
u
t
t
o
ab
u
n
d
an
t
o
f
m
a
n
u
f
act
u
r
i
n
g
ap
p
l
i
cat
i
o
n
s
.
D
u
e t
o
m
a
n
y
p
o
t
e
n
t
i
al
r
es
e
ar
ch
er
s
ad
v
an
ce
i
n
ha
nd
l
i
n
g ne
w
i
nno
va
t
i
o
n,
s
o
t
he
r
e
a
r
e a v
ar
i
et
y
o
f
n
e
w
d
i
s
c
o
v
er
i
es
i
n
t
h
e u
s
es
o
f
b
a
m
b
o
o
s
s
u
c
h
as
i
n
p
ap
er
t
e
c
hno
l
o
g
y
[6
]
,
c
h
e
m
ic
a
l i
n
d
u
s
tr
y
[7
]
an
d
r
o
b
o
t
i
c ar
en
a
[8
]
.
T
he
s
e
i
n
ve
nt
i
o
ns
a
r
e
go
o
d
s
i
nc
e
i
t
c
a
n gi
ve
ne
w
i
d
e
a
s
a
nd
r
e
p
l
a
c
e
t
he
c
o
nve
nt
i
o
na
l
m
e
t
ho
d
o
f
e
a
c
h f
i
e
l
d
.
C
o
ns
e
q
ue
nt
l
y,
b
y
ha
vi
ng
m
a
n
y i
nve
nt
i
o
n a
nd
i
n
n
o
v
a
t
i
on us
e
s
of
ba
m
boo,
i
t
c
a
n
e
x
pa
n
d t
h
e
e
x
pl
oi
t
a
t
i
o
n
of
ba
m
boo i
n t
h
e
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
i
n
d
u
s
t
r
y
.
T
hi
s
s
t
ud
y
i
s
m
an
i
p
u
l
at
ed
a l
o
cal
b
a
m
b
o
o
cal
l
ed
as
“
B
u
l
u
h
M
i
n
y
ak
”
o
r
i
t
s
s
ci
en
t
i
f
i
c n
a
m
e i
s
B
am
bus
a V
ul
gar
i
s
. I
n
a
d
d
itio
n
,
B
am
bus
a V
ul
gar
i
s
w
a
s
c
h
o
s
en
b
ecau
s
e o
f
i
t
h
a
s
g
o
o
d
ch
e
m
i
cal
a
n
d
m
ec
h
an
i
ca
l
p
r
o
p
er
t
i
es
s
u
c
h
a
s
qu
i
c
k
m
a
t
u
r
a
t
i
o
n
r
a
t
e
a
n
d
h
i
gh
pr
os
pe
c
t
i
v
e
f
or
c
a
r
bon
s
t
o
r
a
ge
[3
]
.
T
hi
s
B
am
bus
a V
ul
gar
i
s
ca
n
b
e
h
ar
v
e
s
t
ed
a
f
t
e
r
3
ye
a
r
s
gr
o
w
t
h
a
nd
i
t
a
l
s
o
ha
s
q
ui
c
k
ye
a
r
l
y r
e
-
m
at
u
r
at
i
o
n
r
at
e.
M
ean
w
h
i
l
e,
co
n
s
u
m
i
n
g
h
i
g
h
car
b
o
n
s
t
or
a
g
e
i
s
g
ood f
or
t
h
e
l
i
f
e
s
pa
n
of
t
h
e
B
am
bus
a V
ul
gar
i
s
.
F
ur
t
he
r
m
o
r
e
,
B
am
bus
a V
u
l
gar
i
s
w
as
c
h
o
s
en
b
ecau
s
e i
t
eas
y
t
o
b
e
f
o
u
n
d
a
n
d
id
e
n
ti
f
ie
d
.
I
ts
c
u
l
m
lo
o
k
s
l
ik
e
o
il
y
a
n
d
g
lo
s
s
y
.
I
t is
a
ls
o
a
m
o
n
g
th
e
la
r
g
e
s
t
sp
e
c
i
e
s
of
ba
m
boo i
n
t
h
e
w
or
l
d
[3
]
.
A
s
s
t
at
ed
b
ef
o
r
e,
t
h
i
s
ex
p
l
o
r
at
i
o
n
w
a
s
u
s
ed
W
P
C
t
ech
n
i
q
u
e t
o
p
r
o
ces
s
t
h
e
B
am
bus
a
V
ul
gar
i
s
b
eco
m
e a b
o
ar
d
w
h
er
eb
y
W
P
C
i
s
a p
r
o
ces
s
o
f
co
m
b
i
n
i
n
g
a
p
l
an
t
w
i
t
h
a p
o
l
y
m
er
.
S
o
,
t
h
e
s
el
ect
ed
p
o
l
y
m
er
i
s
cal
l
ed
H
i
g
h
D
en
s
i
t
y
P
o
l
y
et
h
y
l
en
e (
H
D
P
E
)
.
H
D
P
E
i
s
s
el
ect
ed
d
u
e t
o
h
i
g
h
d
u
r
ab
i
l
i
t
y
t
o
t
em
p
er
at
u
r
e
w
h
i
c
h
i
t
c
a
n
h
ol
d u
p t
o 200 de
g
r
e
e
s
C
e
l
s
i
us
[9
]
.
I
n
W
P
C
,
pol
y
m
e
r
i
s
us
e
d t
o pr
ov
i
de
m
or
e
s
t
r
e
n
gt
h
t
o
t
h
e
de
v
e
l
ope
d
boa
r
d.
A
ddi
t
i
on
a
l
l
y
,
t
h
e
W
P
C
u
s
i
ng
ba
m
boo i
s
n
ot
ne
w
t
o t
h
e
e
x
i
s
t
i
n
g
i
n
d
u
s
t
r
y
.
T
h
er
e ar
e s
ev
er
al
a
ppl
i
c
a
t
i
on
s
a
n
d s
t
u
di
e
s
h
a
d
be
e
n
a
c
c
o
m
pl
i
s
h
e
d
u
s
i
ng
t
h
i
s
t
y
pe
of
m
i
x
t
u
r
e
s
u
c
h
a
s
i
n
w
ood t
e
c
h
n
ol
ogy
a
n
d
m
an
u
f
act
u
r
i
n
g
[
10]
-
[
12]
.
H
o
w
e
ve
r
,
t
hi
s
k
i
nd
o
f
m
i
xt
ur
e
i
s
no
t
c
o
m
m
o
nl
y
us
e
d
i
n e
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
a
l
a
p
p
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
ns
.
T
h
u
s
,
h
o
p
e
f
u
ll
y
t
h
is
s
t
u
d
y
c
a
n
r
e
v
e
a
l th
e
p
o
te
n
tia
l o
f
t
h
i
s
m
i
x
tu
r
e
i
n
a
n
e
le
c
tr
ic
a
l
f
ie
ld
s
uc
h a
s
t
o
m
a
ke
a
go
o
d
in
s
u
la
to
r
.
M
o
r
eo
v
er
,
g
r
eat
i
n
s
u
l
at
o
r
s
ar
e
r
eal
l
y
s
i
g
n
i
f
i
can
ce
as
t
o
av
o
i
d
a
n
y
cu
r
r
en
t
l
eak
i
n
g
i
n
t
h
e e
l
ect
r
i
cal
s
ys
t
e
m
s
.
N
o
t
o
nl
y t
he
p
ha
s
e
s
w
i
r
e
c
a
n c
a
us
e
t
o
t
he
c
ur
r
e
nt
l
e
a
k,
gr
o
u
nd
a
nd
ne
ut
r
a
l
w
i
r
e
s
a
l
s
o
ha
ve
p
o
t
e
nt
i
a
l
o
f
c
ur
r
e
nt
l
e
a
k
[
13]
.
T
h
i
s
pr
obl
e
m
c
a
n
oc
c
u
r
du
e
t
o i
m
p
r
ope
r
w
i
r
i
n
g
,
ba
d i
ns
u
l
a
t
or
a
n
d poor
g
r
ou
n
di
ng
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
b
y
h
av
i
n
g
g
o
o
d
i
n
s
u
l
a
t
o
r
i
t
can
r
ed
u
ce t
h
e cau
s
e o
f
cu
r
r
en
t
l
eak
.
2.
M
ETH
O
D
OL
OG
Y
T
h
i
s r
e
se
a
r
c
h
c
o
n
s
i
s
t
s o
f
s
e
v
e
r
a
l
s
i
g
n
i
f
i
can
t
s
t
ag
e
s
.
F
i
r
s
t
s
t
ag
e i
s
a b
o
ar
d
d
ev
el
o
p
m
e
n
t
a
n
d
s
eco
n
d
s
t
ag
e i
s
b
r
eak
d
o
w
n
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
m
eas
u
r
e
m
en
t
.
A
l
l
t
h
e d
et
ai
l
s
w
i
l
l
b
e d
i
s
cu
s
s
ed
b
el
o
w
.
2
.1
.
B
am
bu
s
a V
u
l
gar
i
s
B
oar
d
D
e
ve
l
op
m
e
n
t
W
e
l
l
gr
o
w
n
B
am
bus
a V
ul
gar
i
s
w
as
h
ar
v
e
s
t
ed
an
d
cl
ea
n
ed
w
el
l
f
r
o
m
an
y
u
n
w
an
t
ed
s
u
b
s
t
an
ce s
u
c
h
a
s
d
ir
t.
F
ig
u
r
e
1
s
ho
w
s
t
he
B
am
bus
a
V
ul
g
ar
i
s
t
h
at
u
s
ed
i
n
t
h
i
s
r
es
ear
c
h
.
T
he
n,
t
he
B
am
bus
a
V
ul
g
ar
i
s
ha
s
b
een
ch
i
p
p
ed
an
d
g
r
i
n
d
ed
i
n
t
o
s
m
al
l
er
s
i
ze (
s
a
w
d
u
s
t
)
.
A
f
t
er
t
h
at
,
t
h
e s
a
w
d
u
s
t
h
as
b
ee
n
d
r
i
e
d
us
i
ng o
ve
n.
T
he
s
a
w
d
u
s
t
w
as
p
u
r
p
o
s
el
y
d
r
i
ed
t
o
en
s
u
r
e
m
i
n
i
m
al
w
at
er
co
n
t
en
t
ex
i
s
t
s
i
n
t
h
e
s
a
w
d
u
s
t
.
T
h
e d
r
i
ed
s
a
w
d
u
s
t
h
a
s
b
e
e
n
m
i
xe
d
w
i
t
h H
D
P
E
us
i
n
g ho
t
m
i
xe
r
.
T
he
m
i
x
t
ur
e
o
f
B
am
bus
a V
ul
gar
i
s
a
nd
H
D
P
E
w
a
s
e
xt
r
ud
e
d
o
ut
f
r
o
m
h
o
t
m
ix
e
r
a
s
p
a
le
tte
.
I
n
o
r
d
er
t
o
m
ak
e t
h
e
m
i
x
t
u
r
e b
eco
m
e a b
o
ar
d
,
t
h
e p
al
et
t
e h
as
b
een
p
r
es
s
ed
u
s
i
n
g
h
ot
a
n
d c
ol
d pr
e
s
s
u
r
e
m
a
c
hi
n
e
.
A
c
c
or
di
ng
l
y
,
F
i
g
u
r
e
2
s
ho
w
s
a
s
a
s
u
m
m
a
r
y o
f
t
he
s
t
e
p
s
w
h
i
c
h ha
ve
m
e
nt
i
on
e
d be
f
or
e
.
F
i
gu
r
e
1.
W
e
l
l
gr
o
w
n
B
am
bus
a V
ul
gar
i
s
us
e
d
i
n t
hi
s
s
t
ud
y
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H
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F
i
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2.
P
r
oc
e
s
s
e
s
of
de
v
e
l
opi
n
g
B
am
bus
a V
ul
gar
i
s
boa
r
d
2
.
2
.
B
r
e
ak
d
ow
n
V
ol
t
age
M
e
as
u
r
e
m
e
n
t
B
r
e
a
kd
o
w
n
vo
l
t
a
ge
o
r
a
f
e
w
r
es
ear
ch
er
s
cal
l
ed
a
s
p
ar
t
i
al
d
i
s
ch
ar
g
e i
s
d
e
f
i
n
ed
as
an
el
ect
r
i
cal
d
i
s
ch
ar
g
e t
h
at
d
o
es
n
o
t
co
m
p
l
et
el
y
b
r
i
d
g
e t
h
e i
n
s
u
l
at
i
o
n
b
et
w
ee
n
t
w
o
el
ect
r
o
d
es
o
r
co
n
d
u
ct
o
r
s
[9
],
[
1
4]
.
T
hi
s
te
s
ti
n
g
m
e
t
h
od i
s
u
s
ed
t
o
m
e
as
u
r
e t
h
e
m
ax
i
m
u
m
v
o
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s
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.
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b
le
2.
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pos
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t
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o
n
of
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am
bus
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ar
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te
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.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
In
t
J
E
l
e
c
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
S
S
N
:
2088
-
8708
H
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t
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s
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5
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ab
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B
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F
R
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b
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F
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g
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.
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tp
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t
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ig
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a
l o
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s
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m
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f
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am
bus
a
V
ul
gar
i
s
boa
r
d
F
i
gu
r
e
7.
S
a
m
pl
e
of
B
am
bus
a V
ul
gar
i
s
boa
r
d
(
a)
b
ef
o
r
e t
h
e ex
p
er
i
m
en
t
(
b
)
af
t
er
t
h
e ex
p
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i
m
e
n
t
B
as
ed
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n
t
h
e o
b
t
ai
n
ed
r
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l
t
i
n
T
ab
l
e
3
,
i
t
s
eem
s
t
h
er
e ar
e
s
ev
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at
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o
n
s
a
m
o
n
g
t
h
e v
al
u
e o
f
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d
o
w
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v
o
l
t
a
g
e.
T
h
u
s
,
i
n
o
r
d
er
t
o
ch
o
o
s
e t
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e b
r
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d
o
w
n
v
o
l
t
ag
e r
e
s
u
l
t
f
o
r
each
s
a
m
p
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e,
m
ean
v
al
u
e
h
a
s
b
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cal
cu
l
at
ed
.
F
u
r
t
h
er
m
o
r
e,
an
ex
i
s
t
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n
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b
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ar
d
n
a
m
ed
F
R
-
4
i
s
al
s
o
m
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u
r
ed
as
a r
ef
er
en
ce.
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a
m
pl
e
1 a
n
d
FR
-
4
i
s
m
ad
e
f
r
o
m
p
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r
e H
D
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E
an
d
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g
l
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s
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r
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s
p
ect
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v
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y
.
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h
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e
t
w
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ar
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s
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av
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h
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g
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er
b
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d
o
w
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v
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l
t
ag
e
co
m
p
ar
e
t
o
B
am
bus
a
V
ul
gar
i
s
boa
r
ds
.
S
a
m
pl
e
2
w
i
t
h
c
o
m
pos
i
t
i
on
10%
of
B
a
m
bus
a V
ul
gar
i
s
a
nd
90%
H
D
P
E
c
a
n
h
ol
d v
ol
t
a
g
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p t
o 15.
88k
V
,
S
a
m
pl
e
3
w
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t
h c
o
m
pos
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t
i
on 20%
of
B
am
bus
a V
ul
gar
i
s
a
n
d 80%
H
D
P
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t
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br
e
a
k
do
w
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v
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t
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12.
86k
V
m
e
a
nw
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l
e
S
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4
w
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t
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s
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bs
t
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n
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e
c
om
po
s
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on
30%
of
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am
bus
a V
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gar
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s
a
n
d 70%
H
D
P
E
be
a
bl
e
t
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11.
86k
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.
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h
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s
,
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ex
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t
can
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ce t
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t
ag
e r
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s
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an
t
cap
ab
i
l
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t
y
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f
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.
T
a
b
le
3
.
S
u
mma
r
y
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f
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r
e
a
k
dow
n V
ol
t
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oa
r
d
B
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k
d
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V
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t
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g
e M
ea
s
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2
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4
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34
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e 2
1
6
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5
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5
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5
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88
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1
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3
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.
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.
04
M
o
r
eo
v
er
,
acco
r
d
i
n
g
t
o
t
h
e
m
ean
v
al
u
es
co
l
u
m
n
at
T
ab
l
e 3
,
t
h
e b
r
eak
d
o
w
n
v
o
l
t
ag
e
v
al
u
e
s
ar
e
i
n
v
e
r
s
e
l
y
pr
opor
t
i
on
a
l
t
o t
h
e
a
m
oun
t
of
B
am
bus
a V
ul
gar
i
s
f
i
lle
r
t
h
a
t
e
x
i
s
t
i
n
t
h
e
boa
r
d.
T
h
e
br
e
a
k
dow
n
vo
l
t
a
ge
va
l
ue
s
ar
e
d
ecr
eas
ed
i
f
t
h
e q
u
a
n
t
i
t
y
o
f
B
am
bus
a V
ul
gar
i
s
f
ille
r
i
n
c
r
e
a
s
e
d i
n
t
h
e
pr
opos
e
d
boa
r
d.
T
h
e
r
e
la
tio
n
s
h
i
p of
br
e
a
k
do
w
n v
ol
t
a
g
e
a
n
d
B
am
bus
a V
ul
gar
i
s
f
i
lle
r
is
ill
u
s
tr
a
te
d
in
F
i
g
u
r
e
9
.
T
hus
,
b
a
s
e
d
o
n t
he
l
i
ne
o
f
gr
a
p
h i
n F
i
g
ur
e
9
,
it f
ig
u
r
e
s
o
ut
t
ha
t
t
he
gr
a
p
h i
s
d
e
c
l
i
ne
d
ne
ga
t
i
ve
e
xp
o
ne
nt
i
a
l
l
y.
I
f
t
he
a
m
o
unt
o
f
D
am
ag
e
d
a
r
ea
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SSN
:
20
88
-
8708
In
t
J
E
l
e
c
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
V
o
l.
8
, N
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.
5
,
O
c
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r
20
18
:
264
3
-
2649
2648
B
am
bus
a V
ul
gar
i
s
s
a
w
d
u
s
t is
in
c
r
e
a
s
e
d
to
th
e
b
o
ar
d
m
i
x
t
u
r
e
,
t
h
e v
al
u
e
s
o
f
b
r
eak
d
o
w
n
v
o
l
t
ag
e ar
e d
ecr
eas
ed
.
So
,
it c
a
n
b
e
s
a
id
th
a
t
t
he
B
am
bus
a V
ul
g
ar
i
s
s
u
b
s
t
an
ce
s
ar
e
af
f
ect
i
n
g
t
h
e i
n
s
u
l
at
i
o
n
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce o
f
t
h
e b
o
ar
d
.
C
om
pos
i
t
i
on
(
B
am
bus
a
V
ul
gar
i
s
-
H
DP
E
)
0-
100
10-
90
20-
80
30-
70
B
r
e
a
kdow
n
V
ol
t
a
ge
(
kV)
10
12
14
16
18
20
F
i
g
ur
e
9.
R
e
l
a
t
i
ons
h
i
p be
t
w
e
e
n
br
e
a
k
do
w
n
v
ol
t
a
g
e
a
n
d
m
i
ne
r
a
l
c
om
pos
i
t
i
o
n
s
4.
CO
NCL
U
S
I
O
N
A
n
e
w
p
o
te
n
t
ia
l in
s
u
la
tio
n
b
o
a
r
d
e
n
title
d
B
am
bus
a V
ul
gar
i
s
boa
r
d
i
s
s
uc
c
e
s
s
f
ul
l
y
de
v
e
l
ope
d.
T
h
e
ch
ar
act
er
i
s
t
i
c o
f
el
ect
r
i
cal
p
r
o
p
er
t
i
es
i
n
t
er
m
o
f
b
r
eak
d
o
w
n
v
o
l
t
ag
e
a
r
e
m
eas
u
r
ed
,
an
al
y
ze
d
an
d
p
r
es
en
t
ed
i
n
t
h
i
s
p
ap
er
.
F
u
r
t
h
er
m
o
r
e,
t
h
e
o
b
t
ai
n
ed
r
es
u
l
t
s
f
o
r
B
am
bus
a V
ul
gar
i
s
boa
r
ds
a
r
e co
m
p
ar
ed
w
i
t
h
f
a
m
i
l
i
ar
e
xi
s
t
i
n
g b
o
a
r
d
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