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u
ctio
n
,
w
e
p
r
esen
t
i
n
s
ec
tio
n
2
t
h
e
to
o
ls
o
f
in
v
e
s
ti
g
atio
n
u
s
ed
.
T
h
en
,
i
n
s
ec
tio
n
3
,
w
e
an
al
y
ze
d
i
f
f
er
en
t
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
e
n
ts
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
i
n
o
n
e
o
f
t
h
e
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
s
tr
ee
t
l
ig
h
ti
n
g
s
u
b
s
tatio
n
s
i
n
a
n
ar
ea
o
f
Dc
h
e
ir
a
E
l
J
ih
ad
ia
m
u
n
icip
alit
y
.
T
h
en
,
w
e
d
escr
ib
e
in
s
ec
tio
n
4
a
s
izin
g
m
et
h
o
d
ap
p
lied
to
th
e
P
V
in
s
tallatio
n
o
f
s
tr
ee
t
lig
h
ti
n
g
i
n
th
e
tes
t
in
g
ar
ea
.
Sectio
n
5
co
n
clu
d
es
t
h
e
s
iz
in
g
w
it
h
a
f
i
n
an
cia
l
s
t
u
d
y
o
f
t
h
e
i
n
s
ta
llatio
n
b
y
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
u
s
e
o
f
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
an
d
P
V
-
b
ased
lig
h
ti
n
g
.
T
h
en
,
th
e
tech
n
ical
a
n
d
ec
o
n
o
m
ic
s
tu
d
y
r
e
s
u
l
ts
w
il
l
b
e
p
r
esen
ted
,
co
m
p
ar
ed
an
d
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
in
s
ec
tio
n
6
.
Fin
al
l
y
,
a
co
n
clu
s
io
n
an
d
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
s
c
lo
s
e
th
is
p
ap
er
.
2.
DE
V
E
L
O
P
M
E
NT
T
O
O
L
S
A
p
o
r
tab
le
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
a
n
al
y
ze
r
[
1
8
]
w
a
s
u
s
ed
to
s
tu
d
y
t
h
e
s
t
ate
o
f
a
p
o
s
t
o
f
t
h
e
s
tr
ee
t
li
g
h
ti
n
g
.
T
h
i
s
d
ev
ice
allo
w
s
to
m
ak
e
m
ea
s
u
r
es
an
d
to
r
ec
o
r
d
ce
r
tain
elec
tr
ical
q
u
an
t
ities
a
s
w
ell
a
s
th
e
p
ar
am
eter
s
w
h
ic
h
id
en
ti
f
y
t
h
e
q
u
alit
y
o
f
a
n
elec
t
r
ical
n
et
w
o
r
k
.
Oth
er
w
i
s
e
,
f
o
r
s
izi
n
g
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
o
lar
s
tr
ee
t lig
h
tin
g
s
y
s
te
m
,
th
e
to
o
ls
u
s
ed
ar
e
:
-
P
VS
y
s
t
i
s
a
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
d
ed
icate
d
to
s
izin
g
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
s
y
s
te
m
s
[
1
9
].
-
DiaL
u
x
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
is
u
s
ed
to
ca
lcu
late
o
p
ti
m
u
m
b
r
ig
h
tn
e
s
s
i
n
p
u
b
lic
lig
h
ti
n
g
i
n
s
tallatio
n
[
2
0
].
-
Ma
p
I
n
f
o
w
h
ic
h
is
a
co
m
p
u
ter
to
o
l
g
iv
in
g
a
r
ep
r
esen
tat
io
n
o
f
g
eo
g
r
ap
h
ic
d
ata
o
f
lig
h
t
p
o
in
ts
o
n
g
eo
g
r
ap
h
ical
/s
atell
ite
m
ap
s
[
2
1
]
.
3.
M
E
ASURE
M
E
NT
ANA
L
Y
SI
S O
F
CO
NV
E
NT
I
O
NAL
ST
R
E
E
T
L
I
G
H
T
I
NG
SYS
T
E
M
P
r
io
r
to
s
tu
d
y
a
n
d
s
ize
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
o
lu
ti
o
n
,
w
e
p
r
ese
n
t
t
h
e
s
tate
o
f
o
n
e
o
f
t
h
e
s
tr
e
et
lig
h
ti
n
g
s
u
b
s
ta
tio
n
,
n
a
m
ed
"
Su
b
s
tatio
n
9"
,
in
th
e
Dch
eir
a
E
l
-
J
ih
ad
ia
m
u
n
icip
ali
t
y
.
T
h
e
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
e
n
t
s
w
er
e
ca
r
r
i
ed
o
u
t
as
f
o
llo
w
:
Firs
tl
y
,
s
o
m
e
elec
tr
ical
q
u
a
n
tit
ies
c
h
ar
ac
t
er
izin
g
t
h
e
s
u
b
s
ta
tio
n
,
s
u
ch
a
s
v
o
lta
g
e
,
cu
r
r
en
t,
p
o
w
er
f
ac
to
r
an
d
f
u
n
d
a
m
e
n
tal
f
r
eq
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en
c
y
.
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n
d
ly
,
t
h
e
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
id
en
ti
f
y
i
n
g
t
h
e
elec
tr
ical
g
r
id
q
u
alit
y
o
f
th
e
co
n
v
en
tio
n
a
l
s
u
b
s
tatio
n
,
s
u
ch
as
to
tal
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
d
i
s
to
r
tio
n
,
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
o
f
t
h
e
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
t
h
e
c
u
r
r
en
t,
a
n
d
th
eir
co
m
p
at
ib
ilit
y
lev
e
ls
.
Fin
all
y
,
t
h
e
p
o
w
er
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
in
v
o
lv
ed
i
n
th
is
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
s
u
b
s
tatio
n
.
3
.
1
.
T
ra
cing
a
nd
t
ra
ck
ing
o
f
t
he
ins
t
a
lla
t
io
n
Usi
n
g
Ma
p
I
n
f
o
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e,
w
e
h
av
e
tr
ac
k
ed
co
o
r
d
in
ates
o
f
t
h
e
d
i
f
f
er
e
n
t
l
ig
h
t
p
o
i
n
ts
s
u
p
p
lied
b
y
t
h
e
"
Su
b
s
tatio
n
9"
th
at
w
as
c
h
o
s
e
n
f
o
r
th
i
s
s
t
u
d
y
.
T
h
is
S
u
b
s
tati
o
n
is
lo
ca
ted
in
th
e
r
eg
io
n
w
h
o
s
e
GP
S
co
o
r
d
in
ates
ar
e
3
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t
(
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6
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e
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5
2
8
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)
.
F
ig
u
r
e
1
p
r
ese
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ts
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h
e
g
eo
g
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ap
h
ical
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is
tr
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u
tio
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f
7
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p
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ts
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p
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wer
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a
t
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b
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tat
io
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9"
s
er
v
e
s
.
T
h
ese
li
g
h
t
p
o
in
t
s
ar
e
lis
ted
in
T
ab
le
1
.
T
ab
le
1
.
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r
ac
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in
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m
b
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lig
h
t p
o
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f
ig
u
r
e
1
R
e
f
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r
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si
g
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t
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Po
w
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r
(
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)
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t
p
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s
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S
u
b
s
t
a
t
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o
n
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"
--
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U
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u
r
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1
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r
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u
p
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lied
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ac
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tab
le
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As a
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Fig
u
r
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u
r
e
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v
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y
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
t.
S
u
b
s
eq
u
e
n
tl
y
,
t
h
e
s
o
f
t
war
e
g
en
er
ate
s
a
t
y
p
e
o
f
P
V
m
o
d
u
le
an
d
o
f
s
u
itab
le
b
atter
y
.
T
h
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
to
b
e
tak
en
f
o
r
th
e
s
izi
n
g
is
as
f
o
llo
w
s
[
2
5
]:
T
r
ac
k
in
g
an
d
tr
ac
i
n
g
o
f
t
h
e
i
n
s
tallatio
n
;
Sizin
g
o
f
t
h
e
la
m
p
s
;
Def
i
n
itio
n
o
f
th
e
e
n
er
g
y
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
t
;
Dete
r
m
i
n
atio
n
o
f
th
e
p
ea
k
p
o
w
er
o
f
t
h
e
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
p
an
e
ls
;
C
alc
u
latio
n
o
f
t
h
e
b
atter
y
ca
p
a
cit
y
;
C
h
o
ice
o
f
c
h
ar
g
e
co
n
tr
o
ller
.
Sizin
g
a
P
V
s
y
s
te
m
r
eq
u
ir
es
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
o
f
d
ail
y
a
v
er
ag
e
i
r
r
ad
ian
ce
I
rd
at
th
e
p
lace
o
f
i
n
s
tal
latio
n
.
T
ab
le
5
p
r
esen
ts
th
e
m
eteo
r
o
lo
g
ical
d
ata
in
t
h
e
te
s
ti
n
g
ar
ea
.
T
h
ese
d
ata
ar
e
o
b
tain
ed
u
s
i
n
g
s
i
m
u
latio
n
to
o
l
P
Vg
is
-
C
M
S
A
F [
2
6
]
,
in
co
r
p
o
r
atin
g
ir
r
ad
ian
ce
d
ata
I
rd
,
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
p
er
io
d
f
r
o
m
1
9
9
8
to
2
0
1
1
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
J
E
C
E
Vo
l.
7
,
No
.
5
,
Octo
b
er
2
0
1
7
:
2
2
8
7
–
2
2
9
9
2294
T
ab
le
5
.
A
v
er
ag
e
d
ail
y
ir
r
ad
ian
ce
I
r
d
in
t
h
e
test
i
n
g
ar
ea
f
r
o
m
1
9
9
8
to
2
0
1
1
M
o
n
t
h
Ju
n
a
.
F
e
b
.
M
a
r
.
A
p
r
.
M
a
y
Ju
n
e
Ju
l
y
A
u
g
.
S
e
p
t
.
O
c
t
.
N
o
v
.
D
e
c
.
Irr
a
d
i
a
n
c
e
I
rd
(
k
W
h
/
m
2
/
d
)
3
,
8
9
4
,
7
2
6
,
2
7
7
,
0
7
7
,
6
7
7
,
5
0
7
,
5
4
6
,
9
4
6
,
0
6
5
,
1
1
4
,
1
1
3
,
4
5
4
.
1
.
Sizin
g
lig
ht
f
ix
t
ures
I
n
th
e
ca
s
e
o
f
th
e
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
s
tr
ee
t
li
g
h
tin
g
,
t
h
e
lo
ad
s
to
b
e
s
u
p
p
lied
ar
e
m
ai
n
l
y
la
m
p
s
in
p
o
w
er
s
o
f
1
5
0
,
2
5
0
an
d
4
0
0
W
.
Fo
r
o
u
r
s
o
lu
tio
n
,
b
o
th
f
o
r
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
an
d
ec
o
n
o
m
ic
r
ea
s
o
n
s
,
w
e
o
p
t
f
o
r
L
E
Ds
la
m
p
s
(
Lig
h
t
E
mittin
g
Dio
d
e
)
r
ep
lacin
g
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
la
m
p
s
.
T
h
ese
L
E
Ds
la
m
p
s
w
er
e
ch
o
s
en
b
y
m
ea
n
s
o
f
th
e
DiaL
u
x
4
.
1
2
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
[
2
0
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
s
9
an
d
1
0
s
h
o
w
a
co
m
p
a
r
ativ
e
ex
a
m
p
le,
g
iv
e
n
b
y
th
e
m
an
u
f
ac
t
u
r
e
r
s
[
2
7
]
,
b
et
w
ee
n
th
e
p
h
o
to
m
etr
ic
r
es
u
l
ts
o
f
a
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
HP
S
la
m
p
in
p
o
w
er
o
f
150
W
an
d
th
at
o
f
eq
u
iv
ale
n
t
L
E
Ds
la
m
p
[
2
8
]
.
W
ith
r
esp
ec
t
to
p
h
o
to
m
etr
ic
p
r
o
p
er
ties
g
iv
en
in
F
ig
u
r
es
9
an
d
1
0
,
th
e
m
a
n
u
f
ac
t
u
r
er
s
d
e
f
in
e
o
n
t
h
e
o
n
e
h
a
n
d
,
t
w
o
"C
-
p
lan
e
"
;
C0
-
C
1
8
0
n
a
m
ed
th
e
tr
an
s
v
er
s
e
p
l
an
e
p
er
p
en
d
icu
lar
to
t
h
e
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g
h
t
f
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x
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r
e
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s
a
n
d
t
h
e
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n
g
it
u
d
i
n
al
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lan
e
C
9
0
-
C
2
7
0
p
ass
in
g
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
ax
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s
o
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h
t
f
ix
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u
r
e.
On
t
h
e
o
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er
h
a
n
d
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th
e
y
d
e
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i
n
e
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ar
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eter
w
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h
r
ep
r
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t
h
e
v
ie
w
i
n
g
an
g
le
w
h
er
ei
n
w
e
ca
n
o
b
s
er
v
e
th
e
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i
g
h
t
f
ix
tu
r
e.
Fig
u
r
es
9
a
n
d
1
0
illu
s
tr
ate
t
h
e
l
u
m
in
o
u
s
in
te
n
s
it
y
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
in
C
d
/
k
L
m
,
e
m
i
tted
in
a
g
i
v
e
n
d
ir
ec
tio
n
w
it
h
i
n
th
e
t
w
o
p
lan
es
C
0
-
C
1
8
0
an
d
C
9
0
-
C
2
7
0
.
W
e
n
o
te
th
at
th
e
lig
h
t
f
ix
tu
r
e
ef
f
icie
n
c
y
o
f
th
e
HP
S
la
m
p
in
p
o
w
er
o
f
1
5
0
W
u
p
to
8
2
%,
is
cl
o
s
er
(
8
4
%)
to
th
at
o
f
t
h
e
lig
h
t
f
i
x
tu
r
e
o
f
eq
u
i
v
alen
t
L
E
D
s
la
m
p
.
T
h
is
ef
f
icien
c
y
i
s
d
ef
i
n
ed
as t
h
e
r
atio
o
f
th
e
l
u
m
in
o
u
s
f
l
u
x
e
m
itted
b
y
t
h
e
li
g
h
t
f
i
x
t
u
r
e
an
d
th
at
o
f
t
h
e
la
m
p
.
Fo
llo
w
i
n
g
o
u
r
co
m
p
ar
ati
v
e
s
tu
d
y
o
f
d
if
f
er
en
t
t
y
p
e
s
o
f
H
P
S
la
m
p
s
u
s
ed
in
co
n
v
en
t
io
n
al
s
tr
ee
t
lig
h
ti
n
g
,
tab
le
6
s
u
m
m
ar
izes t
h
e
s
i
m
u
latio
n
r
es
u
lt
s
o
b
tain
ed
in
th
e
D
ia
L
u
x
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
.
T
ab
le
6
.
C
o
m
p
ar
is
o
n
o
f
s
o
m
e
p
ar
am
eter
s
o
f
s
elec
ted
L
E
Ds
s
u
b
s
tit
u
ti
n
g
la
m
p
s
u
s
ed
in
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
n
el
s
tr
ee
t li
g
h
t
in
g
R
e
p
l
a
c
e
m
e
n
t
L
E
D
s
C
o
n
v
e
n
t
i
o
n
a
l
l
a
m
p
L
i
g
h
t
e
f
f
i
c
i
e
n
c
y
(
L
m
/
W)
L
u
m
i
n
o
u
s fl
u
x
(
L
m
)
Po
w
e
r
(
W
)
EL
3
0
0
0
-
D
C
P
h
i
l
i
p
s
[
2
8
]
S
H
P
1
5
0
W
[
2
7
]
9
1
A
g
a
i
n
st
1
0
4
3
0
0
0
A
g
a
i
n
s
t
1
7
500
3
3
A
g
a
i
n
st
1
6
9
U
P
2
S
u
n
n
a
D
e
si
g
n
[
29
]
S
H
P
2
5
0
W
[
3
1
]
1
1
2
A
g
a
i
n
s
t
1
2
1
5
6
0
0
A
g
a
i
n
s
t
3
3
300
5
0
A
g
a
i
n
st
2
7
6
YY
-
S
T
9
0
W
S
a
ma
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
i
e
[
3
0
]
S
H
P
4
0
0
W
[
3
2
]
1
1
0
A
g
a
i
n
s
t
1
3
0
9
9
0
0
A
g
a
i
n
s
t
5
6
500
9
0
A
g
a
i
n
st
4
3
3
4
.
2
.
Ca
lcula
t
i
o
n
o
f
t
he
elec
t
r
ica
l e
nerg
y
re
qu
ire
m
ent
T
h
is
en
er
g
y
is
r
eq
u
ir
e
d
f
o
r
th
e
d
es
ig
n
o
f
p
h
o
to
v
o
lta
ic
g
e
n
e
r
ato
r
(
PV
G
)
an
d
th
e
s
t
o
r
ag
e
c
ap
ac
it
y
o
f
th
e
b
atter
y
w
i
t
h
a
n
ad
eq
u
ate
se
r
ies/
p
ar
allel
m
o
d
e
s
elec
t
e
d
f
o
r
th
eir
in
ter
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
s
.
C
o
n
s
id
er
in
g
th
e
lig
h
t
p
o
in
t
th
at
co
n
s
u
m
e
s
3
3
W
,
f
o
r
an
av
er
ag
e
o
f
1
3
h
/d
a
y
,
t
h
e
elec
tr
ical
en
er
g
y
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
e
n
t
is
ap
p
r
o
x
i
m
a
tel
y
E
c
=
430
W
h
/d
.
Fig
u
r
e
9
.
P
h
o
to
m
etr
ic
c
u
r
v
e
o
f
t
h
e
la
m
p
P
h
ilip
s
SGS4
5
3
C
GB
1
So
n
-
T
p
p
1
5
0
W
SGR
C
R
P
6
[
2
7
]
Fig
u
r
e
1
0
.
P
h
o
to
m
etr
ic
cu
r
v
e
o
f
th
e
L
ed
la
m
p
o
f
th
e
Mo
d
el
E
L
3
0
0
0
-
DC
,
P
h
ilip
s
,
E
co
lite [
2
8
]
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
E
C
E
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
F
ea
s
ib
ilit
y
o
f S
u
b
s
titu
tio
n
o
f t
h
e
C
o
n
ve
n
tio
n
a
l S
tr
ee
t Lig
h
tin
g
I
n
s
ta
lla
tio
n
b
y
th
e
…
(
F
a
tima
Ou
tfer
d
in
e
)
2295
4.
3
.
Sizin
g
o
f
t
he
P
V
M
o
du
l
es
W
ith
th
e
d
ata
in
th
e
p
r
ev
i
ous
p
ar
ag
r
ap
h
,
it
is
p
o
s
s
ib
le
to
k
n
o
w
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
P
V
m
o
d
u
le
s
n
ee
d
ed
to
co
v
er
elec
tr
icit
y
d
e
m
a
n
d
.
T
h
is
i
n
v
o
l
v
es
f
ir
s
tl
y
ca
lc
u
lati
n
g
en
er
g
y
w
h
ic
h
t
h
e
P
V
m
o
d
u
le
s
h
a
v
e
to
p
r
o
d
u
ce
ev
er
y
d
a
y
[
25
]
-
[
33
]:
4
.
3
.
1
.
E
nerg
y
pro
du
ce
d by
a
P
V
pa
nel
A
cc
o
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
in
f
l
u
e
n
ce
o
f
s
ev
er
al
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
,
f
o
r
an
ex
p
ec
ted
en
er
g
y
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
e
n
t
E
c
to
s
u
p
p
l
y
a
s
in
g
le
li
g
h
t p
o
in
t,
th
e
e
n
er
g
y
E
p
to
p
r
o
d
u
ce
b
y
a
s
i
n
g
le
P
V
m
o
d
u
le
is
g
i
v
en
b
y
th
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
r
elatio
n
.
=
(
1
)
W
h
er
e
k
r
ep
r
esen
t
s
a
co
ef
f
icie
n
t
d
ep
en
d
e
n
t
o
n
t
h
e
m
eteo
r
o
lo
g
ical
u
n
ce
r
tain
t
y
,
th
e
u
n
co
r
r
ec
ted
tilt
o
f
th
e
P
V
m
o
d
u
les
ac
co
r
d
in
g
t
o
th
e
s
ea
s
o
n
,
th
e
o
p
er
atin
g
p
o
in
t
o
f
th
e
m
o
d
u
le
s
th
at
i
s
r
ar
ely
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Fin
all
y
,
w
e
est
i
m
a
te
th
e
a
n
n
u
a
l o
p
er
atin
g
co
s
t a
f
ter
ca
lcu
lati
n
g
t
h
e
an
n
u
al
co
s
t o
f
m
ai
n
te
n
a
n
ce
.
5
.
1
.
O
rig
ina
l In
v
est
m
ent
I
t
is
d
ef
in
ed
as
th
e
s
u
m
o
f
th
e
ac
q
u
is
itio
n
co
s
t
an
d
th
e
lab
o
u
r
co
s
t
f
o
r
th
e
in
s
tallatio
n
.
I
n
d
ee
d
,
th
e
P
V
s
y
s
te
m
m
ater
ial
s
is
ab
o
u
t
9
0
5
830
MA
D,
w
h
ile
t
h
e
lab
o
u
r
is
ap
p
r
o
x
im
ate
l
y
5
250
MA
D
.
W
h
er
ea
s
th
e
co
s
t
o
f
eq
u
ip
m
e
n
t o
f
t
h
e
co
n
v
en
t
io
n
al
in
s
tal
latio
n
d
id
n
o
t e
x
ce
ed
391
700
MA
D
,
w
it
h
a
lab
o
u
r
co
s
t o
f
th
e
i
n
s
ta
llatio
n
o
f
ap
p
r
o
x
i
m
atel
y
15
750
MA
D
.
5
.
2
.
Annu
a
l
c
o
s
t
o
f
t
he
ener
g
y
co
ns
u
m
ptio
n
T
h
e
co
s
t
o
f
a
n
n
u
al
e
n
er
g
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
t
io
n
i
s
t
h
e
p
r
o
d
u
ct
o
f
t
o
tal
p
o
w
er
o
f
t
h
e
la
m
p
s
b
y
t
h
e
li
g
h
ti
n
g
h
o
u
r
s
p
er
y
ea
r
(
4
5
3
0
h
)
an
d
t
h
e
p
r
ice
o
f
t
h
e
K
ilo
w
att
-
h
o
u
r
(1
,
1
1
0
7
1
MA
D)
.
T
h
is
av
er
a
g
e
an
n
u
al
c
o
s
t
f
o
r
th
e
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
i
n
s
tallatio
n
is
a
b
o
u
t
69
2
0
0
MA
D
.
I
n
th
e
ca
s
e
o
f
P
V
s
y
s
te
m
w
h
er
e
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
is
f
r
ee
,
th
e
eq
u
iv
ale
n
t o
f
a
n
n
u
al
co
s
t i
s
ab
o
u
t
18
000
MA
D
.
5
.
3
.
A
nnua
l
o
pera
t
ing
co
s
t
I
t
in
clu
d
e
s
th
e
a
n
n
u
al
co
s
t
o
f
en
er
g
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
C
a
an
d
t
h
e
an
n
u
al
co
s
t
o
f
m
ai
n
ten
a
n
c
e
C
m
w
h
ic
h
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
s
to
th
e
r
ep
lace
m
en
t
co
s
t.
T
h
e
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
s
y
s
te
m
h
a
s
g
e
n
er
ated
a
s
ig
n
i
f
ican
t
co
s
t
o
f
ab
o
u
t
73
2
8
0
MA
D
,
w
h
ic
h
C
m
is
ab
o
u
t
4
080
MA
D
.
On
t
h
e
co
n
tr
ar
y
,
t
h
e
o
p
er
atin
g
co
s
t
f
o
r
th
e
P
V
s
y
s
te
m
is
o
n
l
y
14
2
5
0
MA
D
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
o
n
l
y
to
t
h
e
an
n
u
al
co
s
t o
f
m
ai
n
t
en
an
ce
.
5
.
4
.
T
o
t
a
l o
pera
t
in
g
c
o
s
t
f
or
25
y
e
a
rs
T
h
e
o
p
e
r
atin
g
co
s
t
is
ca
lc
u
la
ted
f
o
r
a
g
iv
en
p
er
io
d
.
T
h
is
p
er
io
d
is
co
n
s
id
er
ed
as
th
e
m
ax
i
m
u
m
lif
eti
m
e
o
f
P
V
p
an
els,
w
h
ich
is
eq
u
al
to
2
5
y
ea
r
s
[
3
3
-
37
]
.
Fo
r
th
at
p
u
r
p
o
s
e,
w
e
p
r
o
ce
ed
f
ir
s
t
to
u
p
d
ate
t
h
e
p
r
ices a
cc
o
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
eq
u
atio
n
[
3
8
]
:
=
0
(
1
+
)
(
5)
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