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.
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.
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1591
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ttp
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H
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th
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g
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m
s.
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ro
wth
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tec
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n
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th
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d
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re
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e
fficie
n
t
m
o
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if
ied
c
a
rry
sa
v
e
a
d
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e
r
(CS
A)
is
p
re
se
n
ted
.
A
m
u
lt
ip
lex
e
r
b
a
se
d
d
e
sig
n
o
f
fu
ll
a
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p
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By
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e
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t
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o
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e
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trad
it
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l
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a
n
d
m
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C
S
As
p
r
e
se
n
ted
in
li
tera
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re
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re
sim
u
late
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g
Qu
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rtu
s
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n
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C6
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.
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lati
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re
su
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f
6
4
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r
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sig
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d
8
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sp
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ti
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ly
f
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e
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c
a
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e
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th
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rm
a
l
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issip
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ts.
K
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d
s
:
B
in
ar
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ad
d
er
C
ar
r
y
s
av
e
ad
d
er
H
ig
h
s
p
ee
d
L
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w
p
o
wer
M
u
lti o
p
er
an
d
ad
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itio
n
T
h
is i
s
a
n
o
p
e
n
a
c
c
e
ss
a
rticle
u
n
d
e
r th
e
CC B
Y
-
SA
li
c
e
n
se
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
Ah
m
ed
Salah
Ham
ee
d
Dep
ar
tm
en
t o
f
C
o
m
p
u
ter
E
n
g
i
n
ee
r
in
g
Un
iv
er
s
ity
o
f
Diy
ala
C
o
lleg
e
o
f
E
n
g
i
n
ee
r
in
g
B
r
an
c
h
-
P.O.
B
OX
-
1
,
B
aq
u
b
a,
Diy
ala
,
I
r
aq
E
m
ail:
ah
m
ed
h
am
ee
d
_
en
g
@
u
o
d
iy
ala.
ed
u
.
iq
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
B
in
ar
y
ad
d
itio
n
is
a
v
e
r
y
b
asic
an
d
im
p
o
r
tan
t
o
p
er
atio
n
i
n
d
ig
ital
co
m
p
u
ter
s
y
s
tem
.
Ad
d
er
cir
cu
its
ar
e
u
s
ed
in
im
p
lem
en
tin
g
m
o
s
t
o
f
th
e
o
th
er
ar
ith
m
etic
o
p
e
r
atio
n
s
.
I
t
is
b
ec
o
m
in
g
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
ly
im
p
o
r
tan
t
to
en
h
an
ce
th
e
d
ata
p
at
h
u
n
its
’
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
to
m
ee
t
g
r
o
ws
o
f
h
ig
h
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
ce
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
.
T
h
e
u
s
e
o
f
th
e
ad
d
er
u
n
it
in
im
p
lem
en
tin
g
m
o
s
t
ar
i
th
m
etic
o
p
er
atio
n
s
in
cr
ea
s
es
th
e
n
ee
d
to
h
av
e
l
o
w
p
o
we
r
,
h
i
g
h
s
p
ee
d
an
d
s
m
all
ar
ea
d
esig
n
o
f
ad
d
er
[
1
-
7
].
A
d
d
er
s
ar
e
p
r
im
ar
ily
u
s
ed
as
b
asi
c
u
n
its
in
im
p
lem
en
tin
g
d
ig
ita
l
s
ig
n
al
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
(
DSP)
s
y
s
tem
s
f
o
r
ap
p
licatio
n
s
lik
e
d
esig
n
o
f
an
alo
g
t
o
d
ig
it
al
co
n
v
er
ter
s
(
ADCs
)
an
d
d
esig
n
o
f
d
ig
ital
f
ilter
s
[8
-
1
3
]
.
Dif
f
er
e
n
t
tech
n
iq
u
es
ar
e
u
s
ed
in
th
e
d
esig
n
o
f
a
m
u
lti
b
it
b
in
ar
y
ad
d
er
,
f
o
r
ex
a
m
p
l
e
r
ip
p
le
ca
r
r
y
ad
d
e
r
(
R
C
A)
,
ca
r
r
y
in
c
r
em
en
t
ad
d
er
(
C
I
A)
,
ca
r
r
y
s
k
ip
ad
d
er
(
C
Sk
A)
,
ca
r
r
y
l
o
o
k
ah
ea
d
ad
d
er
(
C
L
A)
,
ca
r
r
y
s
elec
t
ad
d
er
(
C
SlA),
ca
r
r
y
s
av
e
ad
d
e
r
(
C
SA)
,
an
d
ca
r
r
y
b
y
p
ass
ad
d
er
(
C
B
A)
[
14
-
18
].
T
h
e
v
e
r
y
b
asic
alg
o
r
ith
m
f
o
r
m
u
lti
-
b
it
b
in
a
r
y
ad
d
itio
n
is
R
C
A.
R
C
A
is
th
e
s
im
p
lest
b
u
t
n
o
t
th
e
b
est
way
to
b
u
ild
th
e
m
u
lti
-
b
it
b
i
n
ar
y
ad
d
itio
n
,
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
N
ca
s
ca
d
in
g
f
u
ll
a
d
d
er
s
to
a
d
d
two
N
-
b
it
n
u
m
b
er
s
.
Acc
u
m
u
lated
d
elay
is
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
in
R
C
A
ad
d
er
as
b
its
n
u
m
b
er
N
is
lar
g
e
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
r
ip
p
lin
g
o
f
th
e
ca
r
r
y
in
th
e
N
ca
s
ca
d
in
g
f
u
ll
ad
d
er
s
.
On
th
e
o
th
er
h
a
n
d
,
C
SA
is
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
b
est
ar
ch
itectu
r
e
u
s
ed
in
s
o
lv
in
g
th
e
d
elay
p
r
o
b
lem
ass
o
ciate
d
with
R
C
A.
C
SA
is
a
p
o
wer
f
u
l
ar
ch
itectu
r
e
f
o
r
f
ast
m
u
lt
i
-
o
p
er
an
d
ad
d
itio
n
ad
d
er
.
C
SAs
ar
e
p
r
im
a
r
ily
u
s
ed
with
ar
r
ay
m
u
ltip
lier
s
to
b
u
ild
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
ac
cu
m
u
latin
g
th
e
p
ar
tial
p
r
o
d
u
cts [
19
-
23
].
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
7
0
8
I
n
t J E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
11
,
No
.
2
,
Ap
r
il
2
0
2
1
:
1
5
9
1
-
1598
1592
T
h
e
m
ajo
r
g
o
al
o
f
th
is
wo
r
k
is
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
a
f
ast,
an
d
ar
ea
e
f
f
icien
t
m
o
d
if
ied
im
p
lem
en
tat
io
n
o
f
th
e
C
SA.
T
h
e
r
est
o
f
th
e
p
ap
e
r
is
o
r
g
an
ized
as
f
o
llo
ws
:
s
ec
tio
n
2
d
ea
ls
with
th
e
r
elate
d
wo
r
k
.
Sectio
n
3
d
escr
ib
es
th
e
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
C
SA.
Fin
ally
,
in
s
ec
tio
n
4
an
d
5
s
im
u
latio
n
r
esu
lts
an
d
co
n
cl
u
s
io
n
ar
e
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
.
2.
RE
L
AT
E
D
WO
RK
2
.
1
.
T
ra
ditio
na
l
CSA
A
tr
ad
itio
n
al
C
SA
u
s
es
a
lad
d
er
o
f
f
u
ll
ad
d
er
u
n
its
to
b
u
il
d
th
e
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
o
f
a
d
d
itio
n
.
U
n
lik
e
b
asic
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
o
f
R
C
A,
Sav
in
g
th
e
ca
r
r
y
to
a
n
e
x
t
lev
el
o
f
ad
d
itio
n
is
u
s
ed
to
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
r
ip
p
li
n
g
o
f
ca
r
r
y
in
C
SA
[
24
]
.
C
SA
is
f
ast
b
u
t
n
o
t
ar
e
a
an
d
p
o
wer
e
f
f
icien
t
b
ec
au
s
e
it
u
s
es
a
lar
g
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
f
u
ll
ad
d
e
r
s
in
clu
d
i
n
g
R
C
A
u
s
e
s
in
th
e
f
in
al
s
tag
e.
T
h
e
wea
k
n
ess
in
C
SA
is
in
it
s
f
in
al
s
tag
e
wh
ich
is
b
asicall
y
d
esig
n
ed
with
a
R
C
A.
F
ig
u
r
e
1
s
h
o
ws
th
e
g
en
er
al
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
o
f
f
o
u
r
o
p
er
a
n
d
s
N
-
b
it
tr
ad
itio
n
al
C
SA.
T
h
e
b
a
s
ic
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
o
f
1
-
b
it
f
u
ll
ad
d
e
r
u
s
ed
in
t
h
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
o
f
tr
ad
itio
n
al
C
SA
is
f
o
u
n
d
e
d
in
ac
co
r
d
a
n
c
e
to
th
e
f
o
llo
win
g
eq
u
atio
n
s
:
=
⊕
⊕
(
1
)
=
(
⊕
)
+
(
2
)
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
T
h
e
g
e
n
er
al
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
o
f
f
o
u
r
o
p
er
an
d
s
N
-
b
it
tr
ad
it
io
n
al
C
SA
2
.
2
.
CSA
us
ing
CL
A
T
o
s
o
lv
e
th
e
d
ela
y
ca
u
s
ed
b
y
R
C
A
in
th
e
f
in
al
s
tag
e
o
f
tr
ad
itio
n
al
C
SA,
a
m
o
d
if
ied
v
er
s
i
o
n
o
f
C
SA
was
p
r
esen
ted
in
[
24
]
.
T
h
e
m
o
d
if
ied
v
er
s
io
n
was
d
o
n
e
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
C
L
A
in
im
p
lem
en
tin
g
th
e
f
in
al
s
tag
e
o
f
tr
ad
itio
n
al
C
SA.
All
th
e
f
u
ll
ad
d
er
s
k
ee
p
u
s
in
g
th
e
s
am
e
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
o
f
f
u
ll
ad
d
er
u
s
ed
with
tr
ad
itio
n
al
C
SA
as
m
en
tio
n
ed
p
r
ev
io
u
s
ly
in
eq
u
atio
n
s
1
,
an
d
2
.
T
h
e
f
u
ll
ad
d
er
s
in
th
e
last
s
tag
e
ar
e
m
o
d
if
ied
to
f
it th
e
im
p
lem
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
C
L
A
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
f
o
llo
win
g
eq
u
atio
n
s
:
=
+
(
3
)
=
∗
(
4
)
=
⊕
(
5
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
7
0
8
Hig
h
s
p
ee
d
mo
d
ified
c
a
r
r
y
s
a
ve
a
d
d
er u
s
in
g
a
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
o
f m
u
ltip
lexe
r
s
(
A
h
med
S
a
la
h
Ha
mee
d
)
1593
=
+
∗
(
6
)
T
h
e
g
en
er
al
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
o
f
th
e
m
o
d
if
ied
C
SA
u
s
in
g
C
L
A
i
s
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
T
h
e
u
s
e
o
f
C
L
A
ad
d
er
aim
s
to
s
p
ee
d
u
p
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
ad
d
i
ng
.
T
h
e
m
o
d
if
ie
d
C
SA
in
[
1
0
]
is
f
aster
th
an
th
e
tr
ad
i
tio
n
al
C
SA
,
b
u
t
s
till
n
o
t a
r
ea
ef
f
icien
t im
p
lem
en
tat
io
n
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
T
h
e
g
e
n
er
al
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
o
f
f
o
u
r
o
p
er
an
d
s
8
-
b
it C
SA w
ith
C
L
A
2
.
3
.
CSA
us
ing
m
o
dified
f
ull
a
dd
er
T
h
e
au
th
o
r
s
in
[
25
]
u
s
e
th
e
s
am
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
o
f
a
tr
ad
itio
n
al
C
SA
with
a
m
o
d
if
ied
d
esig
n
o
f
f
u
ll
ad
d
er
.
T
h
e
s
u
g
g
ested
d
esig
n
o
f
f
u
ll
a
d
d
er
is
b
ased
o
n
u
s
in
g
two
(
4
to
1
)
m
u
ltip
lex
er
s
.
T
h
e
d
esig
n
aim
s
to
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
d
elay
tim
e
o
f
tr
ad
itio
n
al
C
SA
an
d
p
r
esen
t
ar
ea
e
f
f
icien
t
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
.
T
h
e
d
esig
n
o
f
f
u
ll
ad
d
er
b
ased
o
n
m
u
ltip
lex
er
u
s
ed
i
n
[
25
]
is
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
Usi
n
g
t
h
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
o
f
MU
Xs
to
b
u
ild
t
h
e
f
u
ll
ad
d
e
r
s
in
C
SA
p
ar
ticip
ates
in
s
p
e
e
d
in
g
u
p
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
ad
d
i
ng
.
T
h
e
g
en
e
r
ated
C
SA
is
f
aster
th
a
n
t
h
e
tr
ad
itio
n
al
C
SA
,
b
u
t
also
s
till
n
o
t a
r
ea
an
d
p
o
wer
ef
f
icien
t.
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
On
e
-
b
it f
u
ll a
d
d
er
u
s
ed
in
th
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
o
f
m
o
d
if
ie
d
C
SA [
25
]
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
7
0
8
I
n
t J E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
11
,
No
.
2
,
Ap
r
il
2
0
2
1
:
1
5
9
1
-
1598
1594
3.
P
RO
P
O
SE
D
WO
RK
I
t
i
s
clea
r
ly
s
ee
n
th
at
f
u
ll
ad
d
er
r
ep
r
esen
t
t
h
e
b
asic
u
n
it
d
es
ig
n
in
th
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
o
f
im
p
lem
en
tin
g
th
e
tr
ad
itio
n
al
C
SA.
Acc
o
r
d
in
g
ly
,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
C
SA
d
esig
n
r
e
lies
o
n
u
s
in
g
a
m
o
d
if
ied
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
o
f
f
u
ll
ad
d
er
.
T
h
e
s
u
g
g
ested
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
o
f
f
u
ll
ad
d
er
aim
s
to
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
p
o
wer
,
th
e
ar
ea
,
an
d
th
e
d
elay
tim
e
f
o
r
th
e
C
SA
d
esig
n
.
A
n
ew
s
u
m
an
d
ca
r
r
y
g
en
er
atin
g
ar
ch
itectu
r
e
f
o
r
f
u
ll
ad
d
er
is
u
s
ed
wi
th
a
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
o
f
th
r
ee
(
2
to
1
)
m
u
ltip
lex
er
s
.
B
ased
o
n
th
e
b
a
s
ic
tr
u
th
tab
le
o
f
1
-
b
it
f
u
ll
ad
d
er
s
h
o
wn
in
T
ab
le
1
,
a
n
i
m
p
lem
en
t
atio
n
o
f
Su
m
an
d
C
ar
r
y
o
u
tp
u
ts
co
u
ld
b
e
d
o
n
e
as f
o
llo
win
g
:
T
h
e
(
X
⊕
Y)
c
o
u
ld
b
e
s
im
p
ly
im
p
lem
en
ted
with
o
n
e
2
to
1
m
u
ltip
lex
er
as f
o
llo
w:
⊕
=
ℎ
=
0
(
7
)
⊕
=
̅
̅
̅
ℎ
=
1
(
8
)
Su
m
co
u
ld
b
e
g
e
n
er
ated
as
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
2
to
1
m
u
ltip
lex
e
r
u
s
in
g
(
X
⊕
B
)
as a
s
elec
to
r
:
=
ℎ
⊕
=
0
(
9
)
=
̅
̅
̅
̅
̅
ℎ
⊕
=
1
(
1
0
)
C
ar
r
y
co
u
ld
b
e
g
e
n
er
ated
as o
u
tp
u
t o
f
2
to
1
m
u
ltip
lex
e
r
u
s
i
n
g
(
X
⊕
B
)
as a
s
elec
to
r
:
=
ℎ
⊕
=
0
(
1
1
)
=
ℎ
⊕
=
1
(
1
2
)
T
ab
le
1
.
T
h
e
b
asic tr
u
th
ta
b
le
o
f
1
-
b
it f
u
ll a
d
d
er
X
Y
C
i
n
X
⊕
Y
S
u
m
C
o
u
t
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
T
h
e
g
en
e
r
al
b
lo
ck
d
iag
r
am
o
f
1
-
b
it
m
u
ltip
lex
er
b
ased
d
esig
n
o
f
f
u
ll
ad
d
e
r
u
s
in
g
t
h
r
ee
(
2
to
1
)
m
u
ltip
lex
er
s
is
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
B
ased
o
n
th
e
s
u
g
g
ested
ar
ch
itectu
r
e
o
f
f
u
ll
ad
d
er
,
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
o
f
th
e
CS
A
is
r
ep
lacin
g
all
th
e
u
n
it
s
o
f
f
u
ll
a
d
d
er
s
in
th
e
t
r
ad
itio
n
al
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
o
f
C
SA
with
th
e
s
u
g
g
ested
one
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
T
h
e
g
e
n
er
al
b
lo
c
k
d
i
ag
r
am
o
f
1
-
b
it f
u
ll a
d
d
er
(
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
7
0
8
Hig
h
s
p
ee
d
mo
d
ified
c
a
r
r
y
s
a
ve
a
d
d
er u
s
in
g
a
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
o
f m
u
ltip
lexe
r
s
(
A
h
med
S
a
la
h
Ha
mee
d
)
1595
4.
SI
M
UL
A
T
I
O
N
R
E
S
UL
T
S
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ates
t
h
e
a
d
d
itio
n
o
f
d
if
f
e
r
en
t
d
esig
n
s
tr
u
ctu
r
es
f
o
r
C
SA.
T
wo
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
s
izes
o
f
ad
d
er
s
,
i.e
.
,
8
-
b
it
an
d
6
4
-
b
it
f
o
u
r
b
in
a
r
y
o
p
er
an
d
s
f
o
r
th
e
i
m
p
lem
en
ted
d
esig
n
s
in
clu
d
in
g
(
tr
ad
itio
n
al
C
SA,
Mo
d
if
ied
C
SA
[
24
]
,
Mo
d
if
ied
C
SA
[
25
]
,
an
d
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
v
er
s
io
n
o
f
C
SA)
ar
e
si
m
u
lated
to
d
o
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
an
aly
s
is
in
ter
m
s
o
f
tim
e
d
elay
,
p
o
wer
d
is
s
ip
atio
n
,
an
d
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
lo
g
ic
elem
en
ts
.
T
o
in
cr
ea
s
e
th
e
r
eliab
ilit
y
o
f
m
ea
s
u
r
es,
all
th
e
d
esig
n
s
wer
e
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
u
s
in
g
Qu
ar
t
u
s
I
I
s
y
n
th
esis
s
o
f
twar
e
to
o
l
with
VHDL
to
o
b
tain
s
im
u
lati
o
n
r
esu
lts
.
Alter
a
FP
GA
E
P2
C
5
T
1
4
4
C
6
d
ev
ic
e
(
C
y
clo
n
e
I
I
)
was
s
elec
ted
an
d
wo
r
s
t
ca
s
e
tim
e,
th
er
m
al
p
o
wer
d
is
s
ip
atio
n
r
ep
o
r
ts
,
an
d
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
lo
g
ic
ele
m
en
ts
wer
e
u
s
ed
to
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ate
th
e
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
all
th
e
d
esig
n
s
.
T
h
e
s
im
u
latio
n
r
esu
lts
f
o
r
8
-
b
it
an
d
1
6
-
b
it
C
SA
d
esig
n
s
tr
u
ctu
r
es
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
in
th
is
p
ap
er
ar
e
s
h
o
w
n
in
T
ab
le
2
.
T
ab
le
2
. R
esu
lts
f
o
r
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
an
d
r
elate
d
C
SA d
esig
n
s
tr
u
ctu
r
es
S
i
z
e
o
f
a
d
d
e
r
Ty
p
e
o
f
a
d
d
e
r
W
o
r
st
c
a
s
e
t
i
m
e
(
n
s)
To
t
a
l
t
h
e
r
m
a
l
p
o
w
e
r
d
i
ss
i
p
a
t
i
o
n
(
mW
)
N
o
.
o
f
F
P
G
A
b
l
o
c
k
s
t
o
t
a
l
l
o
g
i
c
e
l
e
m
e
n
t
s
8
-
b
i
t
Tr
d
i
t
i
o
n
a
l
C
S
A
1
9
.
8
7
2
34
48
C
S
A
[
2
4
]
1
9
.
1
8
4
3
3
.
9
7
70
C
S
A
[
2
5
]
1
9
.
5
3
3
.
9
8
48
P
r
o
p
o
se
d
C
S
A
18
3
3
.
9
5
46
64
-
b
i
t
Tr
d
i
t
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n
a
l
C
S
A
4
7
.
8
0
7
1
4
8
.
4
4
3
5
2
C
S
A
[
2
4
]
7
4
.
7
6
4
1
5
0
.
1
1
5
1
1
C
S
A
[
2
5
]
4
5
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0
5
4
1
4
8
.
3
9
3
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P
r
o
p
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d
C
S
A
3
7
.
0
5
9
1
4
6
.
0
1
3
2
1
C
o
m
p
ar
is
o
n
s
b
etwe
en
t
h
e
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
d
esig
n
s
in
ter
m
s
o
f
wo
r
s
t
ca
s
e
tim
e,
th
er
m
al
p
o
wer
d
is
s
ip
atio
n
r
ep
o
r
ts
,
an
d
n
u
m
b
er
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.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
F
.
Ja
fa
rz
a
d
e
h
p
o
u
r,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
Ne
w
e
n
e
rg
y
-
e
fficie
n
t
h
y
b
ri
d
wid
e
-
o
p
e
r
a
n
d
a
d
d
e
r
a
rc
h
i
tec
tu
re
,
”
in
IE
T
C
irc
u
it
s,
De
v
ice
s
&
S
y
ste
ms
,
v
o
l.
1
3
,
n
o
.
8
,
p
p
.
1
2
2
1
-
1
2
3
1
,
2
0
1
9
.
[2
]
C.
Vu
d
a
d
h
a
a
n
d
M
.
B
.
S
rin
iv
a
s,
“
De
sig
n
o
f
Hig
h
-
S
p
e
e
d
a
n
d
P
o
we
r
-
Eff
icie
n
t
Tern
a
r
y
P
re
fix
Ad
d
e
rs
Us
in
g
CNFE
Ts,
”
in
I
EE
E
T
r
a
n
s
a
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
N
a
n
o
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
v
o
l
.
1
7
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
7
7
2
-
7
8
2
,
2
0
1
8
.
[3
]
R.
Ka
tree
p
a
ll
i
a
n
d
T.
Ha
n
i
o
tak
is,
“
Hig
h
S
p
e
e
d
P
o
we
r
Eff
icie
n
t
Ca
rry
S
e
lec
t
Ad
d
e
r
De
sig
n
,
”
2
0
1
7
I
EE
E
Co
m
p
u
te
r
S
o
c
iety
An
n
u
a
l
S
y
mp
o
si
u
m o
n
V
L
S
I
(IS
V
L
S
I)
,
Bo
c
h
u
m
,
2
0
1
7
,
p
p
.
3
2
-
3
7
.
[4
]
J.
Ka
n
d
p
a
l,
A.
To
m
a
r,
M
.
Ag
a
rwa
l
a
n
d
K.
K.
S
h
a
rm
a
,
“
Hig
h
-
S
p
e
e
d
H
y
b
ri
d
-
L
o
g
ic
F
u
ll
A
d
d
e
r
Us
in
g
Hi
g
h
-
P
e
rfo
rm
a
n
c
e
1
0
-
T
XO
R
–
XN
OR
Ce
ll
,
”
in
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s
a
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
Ver
y
L
a
rg
e
S
c
a
le
In
teg
ra
t
io
n
(
VL
S
I)
S
y
ste
ms
,
v
o
l.
2
8
,
n
o
.
6
,
p
p
.
1
4
1
3
-
1
4
2
2
,
2
0
2
0
.
[5
]
R.
H.
V
.
a
n
d
S
.
Hire
m
a
th
,
“
Lo
w
P
o
we
r
De
sig
n
a
n
d
Im
p
lem
e
n
tati
o
n
o
f
M
u
lt
i
-
Ou
t
p
u
t
Ca
rry
L
o
o
k
-
Ah
e
a
d
Ad
d
e
r,
”
2
0
1
8
3
rd
I
EE
E
I
n
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
Rec
e
n
t
T
re
n
d
s
in
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
,
In
fo
rm
a
t
io
n
&
Co
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
(
RT
EICT
)
,
Ba
n
g
a
l
o
re
,
In
d
ia
,
2
0
1
8
,
p
p
.
1
9
1
2
-
1
9
1
6
.
[6
]
P
.
Bh
a
tt
a
c
h
a
ry
y
a
,
B.
K
u
n
d
u
,
S
.
G
h
o
sh
,
V.
Ku
m
a
r
a
n
d
A.
Da
n
d
a
p
a
t
,
“
P
e
rfo
rm
a
n
c
e
An
a
ly
sis
o
f
a
Lo
w
-
P
o
we
r
Hig
h
-
S
p
e
e
d
Hy
b
ri
d
1
-
b
it
F
u
ll
A
d
d
e
r
Circu
it
,
”
i
n
IE
EE
T
r
a
n
sa
c
t
io
n
s
o
n
Ver
y
L
a
rg
e
S
c
a
le
In
teg
ra
ti
o
n
(
VL
S
I)
S
y
ste
ms
,
v
o
l.
2
3
,
n
o
.
1
0
,
p
p
.
2
0
0
1
-
2
0
0
8
,
2
0
1
5
.
[7
]
A.
Ra
g
h
u
n
a
n
d
a
n
a
n
d
H
.
V.
R.
Ara
d
h
y
a
,
“
Are
a
a
n
d
Ti
m
in
g
An
a
ly
sis
o
f
Ad
v
a
n
c
e
d
Ad
d
e
rs
u
n
d
e
r
c
h
a
n
g
i
n
g
Tec
h
n
o
l
o
g
ies
,
”
2
0
1
9
4
th
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
Rec
e
n
t
T
re
n
d
s
o
n
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
,
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
o
n
,
Co
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
&
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
(R
T
EICT
)
,
Ba
n
g
a
l
o
re
,
In
d
ia
,
2
0
1
9
,
p
p
.
3
3
-
38.
[8
]
P
.
J.
E
d
a
v
o
o
r
a
n
d
A.
D.
Ra
h
u
lk
a
r,
“
De
sig
n
a
n
d
imp
lem
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
a
n
o
v
e
l
l
o
w
c
o
m
p
lex
it
y
sy
m
m
e
tri
c
o
rt
h
o
g
o
n
a
l
wa
v
e
let
fil
ter
-
b
a
n
k
,
”
in
IET
Im
a
g
e
Pro
c
e
ss
in
g
,
v
o
l
.
1
3
,
n
o
.
5
,
p
p
.
7
8
5
-
7
9
3
,
2
0
1
9
.
[9
]
P
.
P
a
tali
a
n
d
S
.
T
.
Ka
ss
im,
“
Hig
h
t
h
ro
u
g
h
p
u
t
F
IR
fil
ter
a
rc
h
it
e
c
tu
re
s
u
sin
g
re
ti
m
i
n
g
a
n
d
m
o
d
ifi
e
d
CS
LA
b
a
se
d
a
d
d
e
rs,
”
in
I
ET
Circ
u
i
ts,
De
v
ice
s &
S
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ste
ms
,
v
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l.
1
3
,
n
o
.
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,
p
p
.
1
0
0
7
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0
1
7
,
2
0
1
9
.
[1
0
]
A.
Li
a
c
h
a
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
De
sig
n
o
f
h
ig
h
-
sp
e
e
d
,
l
o
w
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p
o
we
r,
a
n
d
a
re
a
-
e
fficie
n
t
F
IR
fil
ters
,
”
in
IE
T
Circ
u
it
s,
De
v
ice
s
&
S
y
ste
ms
,
v
o
l.
1
2
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
1
-
1
1
,
2
0
1
8
.
[1
1
]
R.
M
a
h
a
lak
sh
m
i
a
n
d
T.
S
a
silat
h
a
,
“
An
Im
p
ro
v
e
d
Dig
i
tal
F
IR
F
il
ter
De
sig
n
Us
in
g
F
a
st F
IR
Alg
o
rit
h
m
a
n
d
M
o
d
ifi
e
d
Ca
rry
S
a
v
e
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d
it
i
o
n
,
”
N
a
ti
o
n
a
l
A
c
a
d
e
my
S
c
ien
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e
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tt
e
rs
,
v
o
l.
4
1
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
1
4
7
-
1
5
0
,
2
0
1
8
.
[1
2
]
Z.
Hu
a
n
g
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
A
1
6
-
b
it
H
y
b
rid
AD
C
with
Circu
lar
-
Ad
d
e
r
-
B
a
se
d
Co
u
n
t
in
g
fo
r
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μm
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it
c
h
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4
0
×
5
1
2
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WI
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F
P
As
,
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in
C
h
in
e
se
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
,
v
o
l.
2
9
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
2
9
1
-
2
9
6
,
2
0
2
0
.
[1
3
]
M
.
Je
o
n
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
A
S
t
o
c
h
a
stic
F
las
h
An
a
lo
g
-
to
-
Di
g
it
a
l
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o
n
v
e
rter
Li
n
e
a
rize
d
b
y
Re
fe
re
n
c
e
S
wa
p
p
in
g
,
”
i
n
IEE
E
Acc
e
ss
,
v
o
l.
5
,
p
p
.
2
3
0
4
6
-
2
3
0
5
1
,
2
0
1
7
.
[1
4
]
G
.
Li
u
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
A
Ca
rry
Lo
o
k
a
h
e
a
d
Ad
d
e
r
Ba
se
d
o
n
Hy
b
ri
d
CM
OS
-
M
e
m
risto
r
Lo
g
ic
Circu
it
,
”
i
n
IEE
E
Acc
e
ss
,
v
o
l.
7
,
p
p
.
4
3
6
9
1
-
4
3
6
9
6
,
2
0
1
9
.
[1
5
]
N.
Kito
a
n
d
N.
Tak
a
g
i,
“
C
o
n
c
u
rre
n
t
Err
o
r
De
tec
tab
le
Ca
rry
S
e
lec
t
Ad
d
e
r
wi
th
Eas
y
Tes
tab
il
it
y
,
”
in
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
Co
m
p
u
ter
s
,
v
o
l.
6
8
,
n
o
.
7
,
p
p
.
1
1
0
5
-
1
1
1
0
,
2
0
1
9
.
[1
6
]
A.
A.
A
n
a
n
t
h
a
k
rish
n
a
n
,
e
t
a
l
.,
“
F
P
G
A
Ba
se
d
P
e
rfo
rm
a
n
c
e
Co
m
p
a
riso
n
o
f
Diffe
re
n
t
Ba
sic
Ad
d
e
r
T
o
p
o
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g
ies
wit
h
P
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ra
ll
e
l
P
ro
c
e
ss
in
g
Ad
d
e
r,
”
2
0
1
9
3
rd
I
n
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
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o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
El
e
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tro
n
ics
,
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mm
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n
ica
t
io
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n
d
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o
s
p
a
c
e
T
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c
h
n
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l
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g
y
(IC
ECA
)
,
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imb
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to
r
e
,
In
d
ia
,
2
0
1
9
,
p
p
.
8
7
-
92
.
[1
7
]
P
.
Ba
las
u
b
ra
m
a
n
ian
,
“
As
y
n
c
h
r
o
n
o
u
s
c
a
rry
se
lec
t
a
d
d
e
rs,”
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
S
c
ie
n
c
e
a
n
d
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
a
n
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
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o
u
rn
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l
,
v
o
l
.
2
0
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
1
0
6
6
-
1
0
7
4
,
2
0
1
7
.
[1
8
]
B.
Ko
y
a
d
a
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
A
c
o
m
p
a
ra
ti
v
e
stu
d
y
o
n
a
d
d
e
rs,
”
2
0
1
7
I
n
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
W
ire
les
s
Co
mm
u
n
ic
a
ti
o
n
s
,
S
ig
n
a
l
Pro
c
e
ss
in
g
a
n
d
Ne
tw
o
rk
in
g
(W
iS
PNE
T
)
,
C
h
e
n
n
a
i
,
2
0
1
7
,
p
p
.
2
2
2
6
-
2
2
3
0
.
[1
9
]
P
.
P
a
tali
a
n
d
S
.
T
.
Ka
ss
im,
“
An
Eff
icie
n
t
Arc
h
it
e
c
tu
re
fo
r
S
ig
n
e
d
C
a
rry
S
a
v
e
M
u
lt
ip
l
ica
ti
o
n
,
”
in
IEE
E
L
e
tt
e
rs
o
f
th
e
Co
mp
u
ter
S
o
c
iety
,
v
o
l
.
3
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
9
-
1
2
,
2
0
2
0
.
[2
0
]
S
.
Na
g
a
ra
j
,
B.
Va
m
si
K
rish
n
a
,
G
a
n
e
k
a
n
ti
Na
re
sh
a
n
d
P.
K.
An
a
n
d
P
re
m
,
“
De
sig
n
a
n
d
An
a
ly
sis
o
f
8
-
b
it
Arra
y
,
Ca
rry
S
a
v
e
Arra
y
,
Bra
u
n
,
W
a
ll
a
c
e
Tree
a
n
d
Ve
d
ic
M
u
lt
ip
li
e
rs,”
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Psy
c
h
o
so
c
ia
l
Reh
a
b
il
it
a
ti
o
n
,
v
o
l
.
2
4
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
2
6
8
7
-
2
6
9
7
,
2
0
2
0
.
[2
1
]
D.
Esp
o
si
to
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
On
t
h
e
u
se
o
f
a
p
p
r
o
x
ima
te
a
d
d
e
rs
in
c
a
rry
-
sa
v
e
m
u
lt
ip
li
e
r
-
a
c
c
u
m
u
lato
r
s,
”
2
0
1
7
I
EE
E
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
S
y
mp
o
si
u
m o
n
Circ
u
it
s a
n
d
S
y
ste
ms
(IS
CA
S
)
,
Ba
lt
im
o
re
,
M
D
,
2
0
1
7
,
p
p
.
1
-
4.
[2
2
]
A.
A.
D.
Ba
rri
o
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
A
P
a
rti
a
l
Ca
rry
-
S
a
v
e
On
-
th
e
-
F
l
y
Co
rre
c
ti
o
n
M
u
l
ti
sp
e
c
u
lati
v
e
M
u
lt
i
p
li
e
r,
”
in
IE
EE
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
Co
m
p
u
ter
s
,
v
o
l.
6
5
,
n
o
.
1
1
,
p
p
.
3
2
5
1
-
3
2
6
4
,
2
0
1
6
.
[2
3
]
S
.
Jia
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
S
imp
li
fied
c
a
rry
sa
v
e
a
d
d
e
r
-
b
a
se
d
a
rra
y
m
u
lt
i
p
li
e
r
s
c
h
e
m
e
a
n
d
c
ircu
it
s d
e
sig
n
,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Circ
u
it
T
h
e
o
ry
a
n
d
A
p
p
l
ica
ti
o
n
s
,
v
o
l
.
4
3
,
n
o
.
9
,
p
p
.
1
2
2
6
-
1
2
3
4
,
2
0
1
4
.
[2
4
]
R.
A.
Ja
v
a
li
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
De
sig
n
o
f
h
i
g
h
s
p
e
e
d
c
a
rry
sa
v
e
a
d
d
e
r
u
si
n
g
c
a
rry
lo
o
k
a
h
e
a
d
a
d
d
e
r,
”
I
n
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
Circ
u
it
s,
Co
mm
u
n
ic
a
ti
o
n
,
C
o
n
tro
l
a
n
d
Co
mp
u
ti
n
g
,
Ba
n
g
a
l
o
re
,
2
0
1
4
,
p
p
.
3
3
-
3
6
.
[2
5
]
A.
K.
Va
m
si,
N.
U.
Ku
m
a
r,
K
.
B.
S
in
d
h
u
ri
a
n
d
G
.
S
.
C.
Teja
,
“
A
S
y
ste
m
a
ti
c
De
lay
a
n
d
P
o
we
r
Do
m
in
a
n
t
Ca
rr
y
S
a
v
e
Ad
d
e
r
De
sig
n
,
”
2
0
1
8
In
t
e
rn
a
ti
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
S
ma
r
t
S
y
ste
ms
a
n
d
I
n
v
e
n
ti
v
e
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
(ICS
S
I
T
)
,
Ti
ru
n
e
l
v
e
li
,
I
n
d
ia
,
2
0
1
8
,
p
p
.
3
5
9
-
3
6
2
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
7
0
8
I
n
t J E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
11
,
No
.
2
,
Ap
r
il
2
0
2
1
:
1
5
9
1
-
1598
1598
B
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RAP
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AUTH
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