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[
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r
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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I
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&
C
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p
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,
Vo
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11
,
No
.
5
,
Octo
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r
2
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2
1
:
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2
3
3
-
424
0
4234
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f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
in
te
r
m
s
o
f
t
h
e
a
v
e
r
a
g
e
c
h
a
n
n
e
l
c
a
p
a
c
i
t
y
w
a
s
i
n
v
e
s
t
i
g
a
t
e
d
.
W
e
c
a
n
f
i
n
d
s
o
m
e
o
t
h
e
r
s
t
u
d
i
e
s
s
u
c
h
a
s
[
2
2
]
-
[
25]
,
t
h
a
t
u
s
e
d
th
e
i
n
s
tan
ta
n
eo
u
s
C
SI
to
d
eter
m
i
n
e
t
h
e
P
S
f
ac
to
r
f
o
r
a
n
a
m
el
y
d
y
n
a
m
ic
p
o
w
er
s
p
litt
i
n
g
s
c
h
e
m
e
(
DP
SS
)
.
T
h
e
OP
a
n
d
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t
f
o
r
m
u
l
t
i
-
u
s
e
r
c
o
o
p
e
r
a
t
i
v
e
r
e
l
a
y
i
n
g
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
s
o
v
e
r
N
a
k
a
g
a
m
i
f
a
d
i
n
g
c
h
a
n
n
e
l
s
w
e
r
e
s
t
u
d
i
e
d
i
n
[
2
6
]
,
[
2
7
]
.
L
ast b
u
t n
o
t
least,
[
2
8
]
-
[
30]
in
v
est
ig
ated
t
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
ti
m
e
s
w
i
tc
h
in
g
r
ela
y
in
g
(
T
SR
)
an
d
p
o
w
er
s
p
litt
in
g
r
ela
y
i
n
g
(
P
SR
)
p
r
o
t
o
co
ls
f
o
r
d
u
al
-
h
o
p
r
ela
y
in
g
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
i
n
th
e
i
n
d
o
o
r
s
ce
n
ar
io
m
o
d
elled
b
y
lo
g
-
n
o
r
m
a
l
f
ad
in
g
ch
an
n
el
s
.
I
t
is
n
o
ted
th
at
s
ev
er
al
ex
is
ti
n
g
s
t
u
d
ies
w
er
e
co
n
d
u
cted
m
ain
l
y
o
v
er
o
u
td
o
o
r
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
w
h
ic
h
ar
e
m
o
d
elled
b
y
R
a
y
lei
g
h
a
n
d
Na
k
ag
a
m
i
-
m
f
ad
in
g
m
et
h
o
d
s
.
I
n
d
ee
d
,
th
er
e
is
s
ca
r
ce
l
y
r
ec
e
n
t s
tu
d
ies r
e
g
ar
d
in
g
t
h
e
SW
I
PT
s
y
s
te
m
s
f
o
r
in
d
o
o
r
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
m
o
d
elled
b
y
lo
g
-
n
o
r
m
al
f
ad
in
g
ch
a
n
n
els.
Am
o
n
g
t
h
e
m
,
t
h
er
e
ar
e
p
ap
er
s
[
2
8
]
,
[
29]
w
h
er
e
th
e
H
D
AF a
n
d
DF
SW
I
PT
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
w
er
e
an
al
y
ze
d
.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
lo
g
-
n
o
r
m
a
l
f
a
d
i
n
g
f
i
ts
b
e
t
t
e
r
f
o
r
m
o
d
e
l
l
i
n
g
s
h
a
d
o
w
i
n
g
e
f
f
e
c
t
f
r
o
m
i
n
d
o
o
r
m
o
v
i
n
g
o
b
je
c
t
s
a
n
d
h
u
m
a
n
b
o
d
i
e
s
,
a
s
m
e
n
t
i
o
n
e
d
in
[
3
1
]
-
[
33
]
.
B
esid
es,
as
in
[
3
4
]
,
lo
g
-
n
o
r
m
al
f
ad
i
n
g
ca
n
b
e
e
m
p
lo
y
ed
t
o
m
o
d
el
t
h
e
s
m
a
ll
-
s
ca
le
f
ad
i
n
g
o
f
i
n
d
o
o
r
u
ltra
-
w
id
eb
an
d
(
UW
B
)
co
m
m
u
n
ic
atio
n
s
,
an
d
i
n
[
3
5
]
-
[3
7
]
t
o
m
o
d
el
th
e
s
h
o
r
t
an
d
lo
n
g
-
ter
m
f
ad
in
g
o
f
s
lo
w
l
y
-
v
ar
y
i
n
g
in
d
o
o
r
ch
a
n
n
el
s
.
T
o
o
v
er
co
m
e
all
o
f
t
h
ese
co
n
s
tr
ai
n
ts
,
it
is
ess
e
n
tial
to
d
ep
lo
y
co
o
p
er
ativ
e
r
ela
y
s
f
o
r
in
d
o
o
r
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
,
esp
ec
ial
l
y
f
o
r
in
ter
n
et
o
f
t
h
i
n
g
s
(
I
o
T
)
ap
p
li
ca
tio
n
s
[3
8
].
T
h
er
eb
y
,
in
th
is
p
a
p
er
,
w
e
s
t
u
d
y
t
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
a
h
y
b
r
id
T
SR
-
P
SR
s
c
h
e
m
e
o
v
er
l
o
g
-
n
o
r
m
al
f
ad
in
g
c
h
an
n
els
in
a
co
o
p
er
ativ
e
A
F
r
ela
y
i
n
g
n
et
w
o
r
k
.
W
e
ev
alu
a
te
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
in
ter
m
s
o
f
it
s
o
u
tag
e
b
eh
a
v
io
u
r
.
I
t
is
p
r
o
v
en
th
at
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
h
y
b
r
id
p
r
o
t
o
co
l
ca
n
d
eliv
er
s
ig
n
if
ica
n
tl
y
lo
w
er
OP
th
a
n
th
e
t
w
o
s
ep
ar
ate
p
r
o
to
co
ls
.
Fu
r
th
e
r
m
o
r
e,
w
e
d
escr
ib
e
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
m
o
d
el
i
n
s
ec
tio
n
2
.
I
n
s
ec
tio
n
3
,
w
e
a
n
al
y
ze
t
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
t
h
e
h
y
b
r
id
P
SR
-
T
SR
A
F
s
y
s
te
m
o
v
er
lo
g
-
n
o
r
m
al
f
ad
in
g
ch
a
n
n
els.
W
e
r
ep
o
r
t
th
e
s
i
m
u
latio
n
r
esu
lt
s
an
d
d
i
s
c
u
s
s
t
h
e
m
i
n
s
ec
tio
n
4
.
T
h
e
co
n
clu
s
io
n
i
s
in
s
e
ctio
n
5
.
2.
SYST
E
M
M
O
DE
L
I
llu
s
tr
ated
i
n
F
ig
u
r
e
1
(
a)
(
s
ee
in
ap
p
en
d
i
x
)
is
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
m
o
d
el
o
f
a
d
u
al
-
h
o
p
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
i
n
clu
d
i
n
g
a
b
ase
s
tatio
n
(
B
S),
a
r
elay
(
R
)
an
d
a
d
esti
n
atio
n
(
D)
.
A
s
s
u
m
ed
w
i
th
o
u
t
d
ir
ec
t
lin
k
,
t
h
e
B
S
-
to
-
D
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
ca
n
o
n
l
y
b
e
r
ea
lized
v
ia
R
,
w
it
h
B
S
'
s
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
p
o
w
er
o
f
.
A
p
ar
t
o
f
t
h
e
R
F
s
i
g
n
al
th
a
t
B
S
s
en
d
s
is
h
ar
v
ested
b
y
R
f
o
r
r
elay
i
n
g
ta
s
k
.
W
e
d
en
o
te
th
e
B
S
-
to
-
R
,
R
-
to
-
D
d
is
ta
n
ce
s
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
,
w
ith
1
an
d
2
,
an
d
ac
co
r
d
in
g
c
h
an
n
el
c
o
ef
f
icie
n
t
s
o
f
ℎ
1
an
d
ℎ
2
.
A
d
d
itio
n
a
ll
y
,
w
e
h
a
v
e
t
w
o
r
a
n
d
o
m
v
ar
i
ab
les
(
R
Vs)
|
ℎ
1
|
2
an
d
|
ℎ
2
|
2
w
h
ic
h
ar
e
in
d
ep
en
d
e
n
tl
y
an
d
id
en
ticall
y
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
(
i.i.
d
.
)
o
v
er
th
e
b
lo
ck
ti
m
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
th
e
lo
g
-
n
o
r
m
al
d
is
tr
ib
u
t
io
n
,
r
esp
e
ctiv
el
y
,
w
it
h
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
(
ℎ
1
,
ℎ
1
2
)
an
d
(
ℎ
2
,
ℎ2
2
)
.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
w
e
h
a
v
e
th
e
m
ea
n
v
al
u
e
o
f
10
l
og
(
|
ℎ
|
2
)
d
en
o
ted
as
ℎ
,
an
d
th
e
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
d
ev
iatio
n
o
f
10
l
og
(
|
ℎ
|
2
)
,
∈
{
1
,
2
}
,
d
en
o
ted
as
ℎ
2
.
B
S
-
to
-
R
an
d
R
-
to
-
D
h
av
e
co
m
p
le
x
Gau
s
s
ia
n
b
ac
k
g
r
o
u
n
d
n
o
is
e,
an
d
,
th
e
f
o
r
m
er
h
a
s
ze
r
o
m
ea
n
a
n
d
t
h
e
latter
h
as
v
ar
ian
ce
0
N
.
L
ast b
u
t
n
o
t le
ast,
w
e
h
av
e
m
w
h
ic
h
is
t
h
e
p
ath
-
lo
s
s
e
x
p
o
n
en
t.
C
o
n
s
id
er
in
g
a
h
y
b
r
id
P
SR
-
T
SR
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
1(
b)
(
s
ee
in
ap
p
en
d
ix
)
,
w
e
h
a
v
e
a
t
w
o
-
ti
m
e
-
s
lo
t
b
lo
ck
ti
m
e,
T
,
w
h
ic
h
is
s
p
lit
b
y
T
S
f
ac
to
r
,
2
,
to
2
an
d
(
1
−
2
)
g
iv
e
n
th
at
2
∈
[
0
,
1
]
.
I
n
2
,
R
r
ec
eiv
es
s
ig
n
al
f
r
o
m
B
S.
W
e
d
iv
id
e
t
h
is
1
s
t
ti
m
e
s
lo
t
i
n
to
t
w
o
s
e
g
m
e
n
t
s
w
h
ich
ar
e
√
1
an
d
√
1
−
1
,
w
it
h
th
e
P
S
f
ac
to
r
,
1
,
g
i
v
en
th
a
t
1
∈
[
0
,
1
]
.
W
e
u
s
e
t
h
e
s
eg
m
e
n
t
√
1
f
o
r
R
F
E
H,
a
n
d
t
h
e
s
eg
m
e
n
t
√
1
−
1
f
o
r
r
ec
eiv
in
g
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
f
r
o
m
B
S.
T
h
en
,
with
i
n
t
h
e
2
n
d
ti
m
e
s
lo
t
(
1
−
2
)
,
th
e
h
a
r
v
ested
en
er
g
y
w
e
h
a
v
e
at
R
is
u
s
ed
u
p
to
d
ec
o
d
e
an
d
f
o
r
w
ar
d
th
e
s
i
g
n
al
v
ia
th
e
B
S
-
to
-
D
li
n
k
.
B
es
i
d
es,
w
e
as
s
u
m
e
t
h
at
t
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
i
n
g
p
o
w
er
o
f
R
i
s
n
eg
lec
ted
b
ec
au
s
e
it is
r
elati
v
e
l
y
s
m
all
i
n
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
w
it
h
th
e
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
p
o
w
er
o
f
R
-
to
-
D
[
1
1
]
,
[
3
9
]
.
3.
P
E
RF
O
RM
ANCE AN
AL
YS
I
S H
YB
RID P
SR
-
T
SR S
CH
E
M
E
W
ith
in
t
h
e
1
s
t ti
m
e
b
lo
ck
,
w
e
h
av
e
s
ig
n
al
tr
a
n
s
m
itted
f
r
o
m
B
S to
R
f
o
r
d
ec
o
d
in
g
g
i
v
en
b
y
(
1
)
.
1
B
1
1
R
1,
m
rx
y
P
l
h
s
n
(
1
)
w
h
er
e
w
e
n
o
r
m
alize
th
e
tr
an
s
m
itted
s
ig
n
al
f
r
o
m
B
S a
n
d
d
e
n
o
te
it
w
it
h
,
=
[
|
|
2
]
=
1
.
T
h
en
,
w
e
h
a
v
e
t
h
e
r
ec
eiv
ed
s
ig
n
al
f
o
r
E
H
in
th
e
1
s
t ti
m
e
s
lo
t a
s
(
2
)
.
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I
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RE
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.
3
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5
,
α
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3
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,
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d
t
w
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d
ata
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s
m
is
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ates,
i.e
.
,
R
0
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2
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b
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s
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,
an
d
R
0
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4
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.
I
n
g
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er
al,
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n
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ee
th
at
t
h
e
OP
de
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e
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cr
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h
e
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y
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SR
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h
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m
e
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it
h
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ig
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s
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[
1
1
]
.
Gen
er
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g
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i
m
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latio
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s
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l
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d
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r
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g
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e
r
.
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h
er
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y
,
w
e
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n
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s
e
t
h
e
d
er
iv
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p
r
ess
io
n
s
f
o
r
f
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r
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er
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d
ie
s
.
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
OP
v
er
s
u
s
SN
R
u
n
d
er
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io
u
s
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y
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a
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ic
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itio
n
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
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er
s
u
s
SN
R
w
it
h
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io
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s
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ata
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s
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is
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n
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ate
5.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
o
s
u
m
m
ar
ize,
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s
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d
y
a
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a
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b
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et
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m
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ts
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e
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n
clu
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at
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e
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y
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ch
e
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e
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ar
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ly
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u
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n
e
P
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SR
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e
s
.
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r
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er
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r
o
v
e
th
at
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
c
e
ca
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b
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r
aised
i
n
ass
o
ciatio
n
w
i
th
t
h
e
i
n
cr
ea
s
e
o
f
E
H
T
S f
ac
to
r
an
d
th
e
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
in
d
ata
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
r
ate.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
11
,
No
.
5
,
Octo
b
e
r
2
0
2
1
:
4
2
3
3
-
424
0
4238
AP
P
E
NDI
X
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
T
h
is
f
ig
u
r
e
ar
e
;
(
a)
s
y
s
te
m
m
o
d
el,
(
b
)
h
y
b
r
id
P
SR
-
T
SR
p
r
o
to
c
o
l
ACK
NO
WL
E
D
G
E
M
E
NT
S
T
h
an
k
s
f
o
r
th
e
Sai
g
o
n
I
n
ter
n
a
tio
n
al
Un
iv
er
s
it
y
(
SIU
)
f
u
n
d
s
s
u
p
p
o
r
tin
g
th
i
s
p
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o
j
ec
t.
T
h
is
r
esear
ch
i
s
f
u
n
d
ed
b
y
T
h
u
Dau
Mo
t U
n
i
v
er
s
it
y
u
n
d
er
g
r
a
n
t n
u
m
b
er
DT
.
2
0
.
2
-
0
2
0
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
A
.
A
.
Na
sir
,
X
.
Zh
o
u
,
S
.
Du
rra
n
i
a
n
d
R.
A
.
K
e
n
n
e
d
y
,
“
Re
l
a
y
in
g
P
r
o
to
c
o
ls
f
o
r
W
irele
ss
En
e
r
g
y
Ha
rv
e
stin
g
a
n
d
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
o
n
P
ro
c
e
ss
in
g
,
”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
W
ire
les
s
Co
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
,
v
o
l.
1
2
,
n
o
.
7
,
p
p
.
3
6
2
2
-
3
6
3
6
,
2
0
1
3
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/T
W
C.
2
0
1
3
.
0
6
2
4
1
3
.
1
2
2
0
4
2
.
[2
]
M
.
H.
M
isra
n
,
S
.
K
.
A
.
Ra
h
im
,
M
.
A
.
M
.
S
a
id
,
M
.
A
.
O
t
h
m
a
n
,
“
A
s
y
s
t
e
m
a
t
i
c
o
p
t
i
m
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
p
r
o
c
e
d
u
r
e
o
f
a
n
t
e
n
n
a
m
i
n
i
a
t
u
r
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
f
o
r
e
f
f
i
c
i
e
n
t
w
i
r
e
l
e
s
s
e
n
e
r
g
y
t
r
a
n
s
f
e
r
,
”
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
E
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
a
l
a
n
d
C
o
m
p
u
t
e
r
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
(
I
J
E
C
E
)
,
v
ol
.
9
,
n
o
4
,
p
p
.
3
1
5
9
-
3
1
6
6
,
2
0
1
9
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
5
9
1
/
i
j
e
c
e
.
v
9
i
4
.
p
p
3
1
5
9
-
3
1
6
6
[3
]
K.
Ra
b
ie,
B.
A
d
e
b
isi
a
n
d
M
.
A
lo
u
in
i
,
“
Ha
lf
-
Du
p
lex
a
n
d
F
u
ll
-
Du
p
l
e
x
A
F
a
n
d
DF
Re
lay
in
g
W
it
h
En
e
rg
y
-
H
a
rv
e
stin
g
in
L
o
g
-
No
rm
a
l
F
a
d
in
g
,
”
IEE
E
T
r
a
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s o
n
Gr
e
e
n
Co
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s a
n
d
Ne
two
rk
in
g
,
v
o
l.
1
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
4
6
8
-
4
8
0
,
2
0
1
7
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/T
G
CN.2
0
1
7
.
2
7
4
0
2
5
8
.
[4
]
T
.
N.
Ng
u
y
e
n
,
P
.
T
ra
n
,
H
.
-
S
y
Ng
u
y
e
n
,
D
.
-
T
.
Do
,
“
On
t
h
e
P
e
rf
o
rm
a
n
c
e
o
f
a
W
irele
ss
P
o
w
e
re
d
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
S
y
st
e
m
Us
in
g
a
He
lp
in
g
Re
la
y
,
”
Ra
d
i
o
e
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
v
o
l.
2
6
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
8
6
0
-
8
6
9
,
2
0
1
7
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
3
1
6
4
/re.2
0
1
7
.
0
8
6
0
.
[5
]
H.
-
S
.
Ng
u
y
e
n
,
T
.
-
S
.
Ng
u
y
e
n
,
&
M
.
V
o
z
n
a
k
,
“
W
irele
ss
p
o
w
e
re
d
D2
D
c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
u
n
d
e
rly
in
g
c
e
ll
u
lar
n
e
tw
o
rk
s:
d
e
sig
n
a
n
d
p
e
rf
o
r
-
m
a
n
c
e
o
f
th
e
e
x
ten
d
e
d
c
o
v
e
ra
g
e
,
”
Au
to
m
a
ti
k
a
,
v
o
l
5
8
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
3
9
1
-
3
9
9
,
2
0
1
8
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
8
0
/0
0
0
5
1
1
4
4
.
2
0
1
8
.
1
4
5
5
0
1
6
.
[6
]
H.
-
S
.
Ng
u
y
e
n
,
T
.
T
.
Ho
c
Ly
,
T
.
-
S
.
Ng
u
y
e
n
,
V
.
V
.
Hu
y
n
h
,
T
.
-
L
.
Ng
u
y
e
n
,
a
n
d
M
.
Vo
z
n
a
k
,
“
Ou
t
a
g
e
p
e
rf
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
a
n
a
ly
sis
a
n
d
S
W
IP
T
o
p
ti
m
iz
a
ti
o
n
in
e
n
e
rg
y
-
h
a
r
v
e
stin
g
w
irel
e
s
ss
e
n
so
r
n
e
tw
o
rk
d
e
p
lo
y
in
g
NO
M
A
,
”
S
e
n
so
rs
,
v
o
l.
1
9
,
n
o
.
3
,
2
0
1
9
,
A
rt.
No
.
6
1
3
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
3
3
9
0
/s
1
9
0
3
0
6
1
3
[7
]
H.
-
S
.
Ng
u
y
e
n
,
M
.
V
o
z
ň
á
k
,
M
.
-
T
u
n
g
Ng
u
y
e
n
,
L
.
S
e
v
c
ik
,
“
P
e
rf
o
rm
a
n
c
e
A
n
a
l
y
sis
w
it
h
W
irele
ss
P
o
w
e
r
T
ra
n
s
f
e
r
Co
n
stra
in
t
P
o
li
c
ies
in
F
u
l
l
-
Du
p
l
e
x
Re
la
y
in
g
Ne
t
w
o
rk
s,”
El
e
k
tro
n
El
e
k
tro
tec
h
,
v
o
l.
2
3
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
7
0
-
7
6
,
2
0
1
7
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
5
7
5
5
/j
0
1
.
e
ie.
2
3
.
4
.
1
8
7
2
5
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
Ou
ta
g
e
p
r
o
b
a
b
ilit
y
a
n
a
lysi
s
fo
r
h
yb
r
id
TS
R
-
P
S
R
b
a
s
ed
S
W
I
P
T
s
ystem
s
o
ve
r
…
(
Ho
a
n
g
Th
i
en
V
a
n
)
4239
[8
]
O.
Ka
z
u
m
a
,
K
.
Ya
m
a
g
u
c
h
i
,
K
.
Iid
a
,
“
W
irele
ss
p
o
w
e
r
tran
sfe
r
u
sin
g
m
u
lt
ip
le
-
tran
sm
it
ters
f
o
r
h
i
g
h
sta
b
il
it
y
f
o
r
p
o
siti
o
n
,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
E
lec
trica
l
a
n
d
Co
m
p
u
ter
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
(
IJ
ECE
)
,
v
o
l.
1
0
,
n
o
3
,
p
p
.
2
2
4
5
-
2
2
4
9
,
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
5
9
1
/i
jec
e
.
v
1
0
i3
.
p
p
2
2
4
5
-
2
2
4
9
.
[9
]
R.
T
a
o
,
A
.
S
a
l
e
m
a
n
d
K.
A
.
Ha
m
d
i,
“
A
d
a
p
ti
v
e
Re
la
y
in
g
P
ro
to
c
o
l
f
o
r
W
irele
ss
P
o
w
e
r
T
ra
n
s
f
e
r
a
n
d
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
o
n
P
r
o
c
e
ss
in
g
,
”
IEE
E
Co
mm
u
n
ic
a
ti
o
n
s L
e
tt
e
rs
,
v
o
l.
2
0
,
n
o
.
1
0
,
p
p
.
2
0
2
7
-
2
0
3
0
,
2
0
1
6
.
[1
0
]
H.
-
S
.
Ng
u
y
e
n
,
D
.
-
T
.
Do
,
A
.
-
H
.
Bu
i,
M
.
V
o
z
ň
á
k
,
“
S
e
lf
-
P
o
w
e
re
d
W
irel
e
ss
Tw
o
-
Wa
y
Re
la
y
in
g
Ne
tw
o
rk
s:
M
o
d
e
l
a
n
d
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h
ro
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g
h
p
u
t
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rm
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n
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e
w
it
h
T
h
re
e
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ra
c
ti
c
a
l
S
c
h
e
m
e
s,”
W
ir
e
les
s
Per
so
n
a
l
Co
mm
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n
ica
ti
o
n
s
,
v
o
l.
9
7
,
n
o
.
1
1
,
p
p
.
6
1
3
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6
3
1
,
2
0
1
7
.
[1
1
]
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-
S
.
Ng
u
y
e
n
,
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h
-
T
.
Do
,
M
.
V
o
z
n
a
k
,
“
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o
-
w
a
y
re
la
y
in
g
n
e
t
w
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rk
s
in
g
re
e
n
c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
f
o
r
5
G
:
Op
ti
m
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l
th
ro
u
g
h
p
u
t
a
n
d
trad
e
o
f
f
b
e
t
w
e
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n
re
la
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istan
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p
o
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li
tt
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g
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se
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n
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ti
m
e
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it
c
h
in
g
-
b
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se
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re
la
y
in
g
S
W
IP
T
,
”
AEU
-
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
E
lec
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
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n
ica
ti
o
n
s
,
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l.
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0
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o
.
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2
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6
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6
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4
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6
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o
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0
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6
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.
a
e
u
e
.
2
0
1
6
.
1
0
.
0
0
2
.
[1
2
]
Y.
S
h
a
n
g
,
“
Co
n
se
n
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s
o
f
H
y
b
rid
M
u
lt
i
-
A
g
e
n
t
S
y
ste
m
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it
h
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a
li
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io
u
s
No
d
e
s,”
IEE
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T
ra
n
s
a
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
Circ
u
it
s
a
n
d
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y
ste
ms
II:
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re
ss
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,
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o
l.
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7
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o
.
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p
.
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6
8
9
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0
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o
i:
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1
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9
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CS
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2
0
1
9
.
2
9
1
8
7
5
2
.
[1
3
]
F
.
W
a
n
g
,
W
.
Xu
,
S
.
L
i,
Z.
F
e
n
g
a
n
d
J.
L
in
,
“
Ou
tag
e
P
ro
b
a
b
il
i
ty
A
n
a
l
y
si
s
o
f
DF
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la
y
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t
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rk
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it
h
RF
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e
rg
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rv
e
stin
g
,
”
2
0
1
5
IEE
E
Glo
b
a
l
Co
mm
u
n
ica
ti
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n
s
Co
n
fer
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n
c
e
(
GL
OBECOM
)
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a
n
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o
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5
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5
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o
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0
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1
1
0
9
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L
OCO
M
.
2
0
1
5
.
7
4
1
7
5
7
9
.
[1
4
]
H.
-
S
.
Ng
u
y
e
n
,
T
.
-
S
.
Ng
u
y
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n
,
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.
-
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ri
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o
,
M
.
V
o
z
n
a
k
,
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b
rid
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u
ll
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u
p
lex
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lf
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lay
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ti
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l
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o
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n
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e
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n
d
iv
id
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a
l
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o
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o
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stra
in
ts
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n
d
e
n
e
rg
y
h
a
rv
e
stin
g
,
”
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mp
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ter
C
o
mm
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n
ic
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t
io
n
s
,
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o
l.
1
2
4
,
p
p
.
3
1
-
4
4
,
2
0
1
8
,
d
o
i:
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0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j.
c
o
m
c
o
m
.
2
0
1
8
.
0
4
.
0
1
4
[1
5
]
F
.
Ojo
,
a
n
d
M
.
F
.
M
o
h
d
S
a
ll
e
h
,
“
T
h
ro
u
g
h
p
u
t
A
n
a
ly
sis
o
f
a
H
y
b
rid
ize
d
P
o
w
e
r
T
i
m
e
S
p
li
tt
in
g
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se
d
Re
la
y
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g
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r
o
to
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o
l
f
o
r
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irele
ss
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f
o
rm
a
t
io
n
a
n
d
P
o
w
e
r
T
ra
n
s
f
e
r
in
Co
o
p
e
ra
ti
v
e
Ne
tw
o
rk
s,”
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E
A
c
c
e
ss
,
v
o
l.
6
,
p
p
.
2
4
1
3
7
-
2
4
1
4
7
,
2
0
1
8
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/A
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S
.
2
0
1
8
.
2
8
2
8
1
2
1
.
[1
6
]
H.
-
S
.
Ng
u
y
e
n
,
A
.
Bu
i,
D.
Do
a
n
d
M
.
V
o
z
n
a
k
,
“
Im
p
e
rfe
c
t
c
h
a
n
n
e
l
s
t
a
t
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n
f
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m
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t
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o
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o
f
A
F
a
n
d
D
F
e
n
e
r
g
y
h
a
r
v
e
s
t
i
n
g
c
o
o
p
e
r
a
t
i
v
e
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
s
,
”
C
h
i
n
a
C
o
m
m
u
n
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
s
,
v
o
l
.
1
3
,
n
o
.
1
0
,
p
p
.
1
1
-
19,
2016
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/CC.
2
0
1
6
.
7
7
3
2
0
0
8
.
[1
7
]
H.
-
S
.
Ng
u
y
e
n
,
D
.
-
T
.
Do
,
T
.
-
S
.
Ng
u
y
e
n
,
&
M
.
V
o
z
n
a
k
,
“
Ex
p
l
o
it
in
g
h
y
b
rid
ti
m
e
sw
it
c
h
in
g
-
b
a
se
d
a
n
d
p
o
w
e
r
sp
li
tt
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n
g
-
b
a
se
d
re
la
y
in
g
p
ro
to
c
o
l
in
w
irele
ss
p
o
we
re
d
c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
n
e
tw
o
rk
s
w
it
h
o
u
t
d
a
ted
c
h
a
n
n
e
l
sta
te
in
f
o
rm
a
ti
o
n
,
”
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to
m
a
ti
k
a
,
v
o
l
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8
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
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1
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1
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7
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o
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0
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8
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5
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1
4
4
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2
0
1
7
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1
3
7
2
1
2
4
[1
8
]
D.
W
a
n
g
,
Y.
L
i,
Y.
Y
e
,
H.
X
ia
a
n
d
H.
Zh
a
n
g
,
“
Jo
i
n
t
T
ime
A
ll
o
c
a
t
io
n
a
n
d
P
o
w
e
r
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p
li
tt
i
n
g
S
c
h
e
m
e
s
f
o
r
DF
En
e
rg
y
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rv
e
stin
g
Re
la
y
in
g
Ne
t
w
o
rk
s,”
2
0
1
7
I
EE
E
8
6
t
h
Ve
h
icu
l
a
r
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
(
VT
C
-
Fa
ll
)
,
T
o
ro
n
t
o
,
ON
,
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n
a
d
a
,
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0
1
7
,
p
p
.
1
-
5
,
d
o
i:
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0
.
1
1
0
9
/
V
T
CF
a
l
l.
2
0
1
7
.
8
2
8
8
1
1
5
.
[1
9
]
Y.
Ye
,
Y.
L
i,
D.
W
a
n
g
,
F
.
Zh
o
u
,
R.
Q.
Hu
a
n
d
H.
Zh
a
n
g
,
“
O
p
ti
m
a
l
T
ra
n
s
m
issio
n
S
c
h
e
m
e
s
f
o
r
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Re
la
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in
g
Ne
tw
o
rk
s
Us
in
g
S
W
IP
T
,
”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
Veh
icu
la
r
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
v
o
l.
6
7
,
n
o
.
8
,
p
p
.
7
0
6
2
-
7
0
7
2
,
2
0
1
8
,
d
o
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1
0
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1
1
0
9
/T
V
T
.
2
0
1
8
.
2
8
2
6
5
9
8
.
[2
0
]
H.
S
.
Ng
u
y
e
n
,
N.
X.
H.
Ng
u
y
e
n
,
Q.
P
.
M
a
,
J.
Ja
lo
w
icz
o
r,
M
.
V
o
z
n
a
k
.
“
S
y
m
b
o
l
Err
o
r
P
ro
b
a
b
il
it
y
o
f
S
e
c
o
n
d
a
ry
Us
e
r
in
Un
d
e
rlay
Co
g
n
it
iv
e
Ra
d
io
Ne
tw
o
rk
s
w
it
h
A
d
a
p
ti
v
e
T
r
a
n
sm
it
P
o
w
e
r
Co
n
stra
in
t”.
I
n
P
r
o
c
.
o
f
M
u
lt
ime
d
ia
Co
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s,
S
e
rv
ice
s a
n
d
S
e
c
u
rity.
(
M
CS
S
2
0
2
0
)
,
v
o
l.
1
2
8
4
,
2
0
2
0
.
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
0
7
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7
8
-
3
-
0
3
0
-
5
9
0
0
0
-
0
_
2
3
[2
1
]
N.
Ku
m
a
r
a
n
d
V
.
Bh
a
ti
a
,
“
Ou
tag
e
P
ro
b
a
b
il
it
y
a
n
d
A
v
e
r
a
g
e
Ch
a
n
n
e
l
Ca
p
a
c
it
y
o
f
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p
li
fy
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a
n
d
-
F
o
rw
a
rd
in
Co
n
v
e
n
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
o
p
e
ra
ti
v
e
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
Ne
tw
o
rk
s
o
v
e
r
Ra
y
l
e
ig
h
F
a
d
in
g
Ch
a
n
n
e
ls,”
W
ire
les
s
Per
so
n
a
l
Co
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
,
v
o
l
.
8
8
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
9
4
3
-
9
5
1
,
2
0
1
6
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
0
7
/s1
1
2
7
7
-
0
1
6
-
3
2
2
1
-
0
.
[2
2
]
Y.
Ye
,
Y.
L
i,
F
.
Zh
o
u
,
N.
A
l
-
Dh
a
h
ir
a
n
d
H.
Z
h
a
n
g
,
“
P
o
w
e
r
S
p
li
tt
i
n
g
-
Ba
se
d
S
W
IP
T
w
it
h
Du
a
l
-
Ho
p
DF
Re
la
y
in
g
in
th
e
P
re
se
n
c
e
o
f
a
Dire
c
t
L
in
k
,
”
IEE
E
S
y
ste
ms
J
o
u
rn
a
l
,
v
o
l.
1
3
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
1
3
1
6
-
1
3
1
9
,
2
0
1
9
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/JS
YST
.
2
0
1
8
.
2
8
5
0
9
4
4
.
[2
3
]
N.
T
.
Do
,
D.
B.
d
a
Co
sta
,
T
.
Q.
Du
o
n
g
,
V.
N.
Q.
Ba
o
a
n
d
B.
A
n
,
“
Ex
p
lo
it
i
n
g
Dire
c
t
L
in
k
s
in
M
u
lt
i
u
se
r
M
u
lt
irela
y
S
W
IP
T
Co
o
p
e
ra
ti
v
e
Ne
tw
o
rk
s
W
it
h
Op
p
o
rt
u
n
isti
c
S
c
h
e
d
u
li
n
g
,
”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
t
io
n
s
o
n
W
ire
l
e
ss
Co
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
,
v
o
l.
1
6
,
n
o
.
8
,
p
p
.
5
4
1
0
-
5
4
2
7
,
2
0
1
7
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/T
W
C.
2
0
1
7
.
2
7
1
0
3
0
7
.
[2
4
]
Y.
Yin
g
h
u
i,
Y.
L
i,
L
.
S
h
i,
R
.
Q.
Hu
a
n
d
H.
Z
h
a
n
g
,
“
Im
p
ro
v
e
d
Hy
b
rid
Re
la
y
in
g
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ro
t
o
c
o
l
f
o
r
DF
Re
la
y
in
g
in
th
e
P
re
se
n
c
e
o
f
a
Dire
c
t
L
in
k
,
”
I
EE
E
W
ire
les
s
Co
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
L
e
t
ter
s
,
v
o
l.
8
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
1
7
3
-
1
7
6
,
2
0
1
9
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/L
W
C.
2
0
1
8
.
2
8
6
5
4
7
6
.
[2
5
]
Y.
Ye
,
L
.
S
h
i,
X
.
C
h
u
,
H.
Z
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