I
nte
rna
t
io
na
l J
o
urna
l o
f
Adv
a
nces in Applie
d Science
s
(
I
J
AAS)
Vo
l.
4
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
201
5
,
p
p
.
95
~
1
0
2
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8814
95
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8814
IJ
AA
S
Vo
l.
4
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
2
0
1
5
:
95
–
1
0
2
96
m
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ar
e
lo
o
k
in
g
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
b
o
d
y
.
C
T
an
d
MRI
ar
e
s
im
ilar
to
ea
ch
o
th
er
,
b
u
t
p
r
o
v
id
e
a
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
v
ie
w
o
f
th
e
b
o
d
y
th
an
an
x
-
r
a
y
d
o
es.
M
R
I
u
s
es
a
m
a
g
n
e
tic
f
ield
an
d
r
ad
io
wav
es
to
p
r
o
d
u
ce
i
m
ag
e
s
,
w
h
il
e
C
T
u
s
es
x
-
r
a
y
s
to
p
r
o
d
u
ce
im
a
g
es.
P
lain
x
-
r
a
y
s
ar
e
an
in
ex
p
en
s
i
v
e,
q
u
ick
ex
a
m
a
n
d
ar
e
ac
cu
r
ate
at
d
iag
n
o
s
in
g
t
h
i
n
g
s
s
u
c
h
as
p
n
eu
m
o
n
ia,
ar
t
h
r
itis
a
n
d
f
r
ac
tu
r
es.
St
u
d
ies
h
av
e
s
h
o
w
n
t
h
at
H
R
C
T
ap
p
ea
r
s
to
b
e
s
u
p
er
io
r
to
th
e
C
h
est
R
ad
io
g
r
ap
h
(
C
XR
)
f
o
r
ea
r
l
y
d
etec
tio
n
a
n
d
ch
ar
ac
ter
i
s
tics
o
f
a
v
ar
iet
y
o
f
l
u
n
g
d
i
s
ea
s
e.
Fu
r
t
h
er
m
o
r
e,
t
h
e
e
x
ten
t
o
f
th
e
d
is
ea
s
e
in
v
o
l
v
e
m
e
n
t
i
s
s
h
o
w
n
m
o
r
e
ac
c
u
r
atel
y
o
n
HR
C
T
th
u
s
r
ai
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
le
v
e
l
o
f
co
n
f
id
e
n
ce
f
o
r
d
iag
n
o
s
i
s
o
f
i
n
f
iltra
ti
v
e
lu
n
g
d
is
ea
s
e
[
1
]
.
T
h
e
HR
C
T
h
as
also
b
ee
n
u
s
e
d
to
g
u
id
e
an
d
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
in
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
r
eg
ar
d
in
g
an
o
p
ti
m
u
m
s
ite
f
o
r
o
p
en
lu
n
g
s
u
r
g
er
y
.
HR
C
T
p
r
o
v
id
es
ad
d
itio
n
al
u
s
e
f
u
l
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
to
t
h
e
C
X
R
an
d
d
ir
ec
t
l
y
i
n
f
lu
e
n
ce
t
h
e
clin
ical
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
en
t
o
f
p
ed
iatr
ic
p
atien
t
s
w
it
h
p
u
l
m
o
n
ar
y
d
is
ea
s
e,
esp
ec
iall
y
in
d
etec
tin
g
p
o
s
t
-
i
n
f
ec
t
io
n
o
r
p
o
s
t
b
o
n
e
m
ar
r
o
w
tr
an
s
p
lan
t
s
eq
u
elae
,
b
r
o
n
ch
iecta
s
i
s
a
n
d
in
ev
a
lu
at
in
g
p
atie
n
ts
w
it
h
n
o
n
s
p
ec
i
f
ic
C
XR
f
i
n
d
in
g
s
.
Use
o
f
th
e
s
u
b
s
ec
o
n
d
m
u
lti
s
lice
C
T
s
ca
n
n
er
f
o
r
H
R
C
T
o
f
th
e
ch
e
s
t
in
c
h
ild
r
en
p
r
o
v
id
es
i
m
ag
e
s
o
f
d
iag
n
o
s
t
ic
q
u
alit
y
d
u
e
to
th
e
s
h
o
r
t i
m
a
g
i
n
g
ti
m
e
[
6
]
,
[
7
]
.
Gr
o
u
n
d
Gla
s
s
No
d
u
les
(
GGN
s
)
ar
e,
f
o
r
ex
a
m
p
le,
r
a
d
i
o
g
r
a
p
h
i
c
a
p
p
e
ar
a
n
c
e
s
o
f
h
a
z
y
l
u
n
g
o
p
a
c
i
t
ie
s
n
o
t
a
s
s
o
c
i
a
t
e
d
w
i
t
h
a
n
o
b
s
c
u
r
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
u
n
d
e
r
l
y
i
n
g
v
e
s
s
e
l
s
.
G
G
N
s
c
o
m
e
i
n
t
wo
f
o
r
m
s
,
“
p
u
r
e
”
a
n
d
“
m
i
x
e
d
”
.
P
u
r
e
G
G
N
s
d
o
n
o
t
co
n
s
i
s
t
o
f
a
n
y
s
o
l
i
d
c
o
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
s
,
w
h
e
r
e
a
s
m
i
x
e
d
G
G
N
s
c
o
n
s
i
s
t
o
f
s
o
m
e
s
o
l
i
d
c
o
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
s
.
G
G
N
s
a
r
e
m
o
r
e
c
l
e
a
r
l
y
s
h
o
wn
i
n
H
i
g
h
R
e
s
o
l
u
t
i
o
n
C
o
m
p
u
t
e
d
T
o
m
o
g
r
a
p
h
i
c
(
H
R
C
T
)
i
m
a
g
e
s
t
h
a
n
p
l
a
i
n
r
a
d
i
o
g
r
ap
h
s
.
G
G
Ns
a
l
s
o
a
p
p
e
ar
d
i
f
f
e
r
e
n
t
l
y
t
h
a
n
s
o
l
i
d
n
o
d
u
l
e
s
i
n
H
R
C
T
i
m
a
g
e
s
b
e
c
a
u
s
e
s
o
l
i
d
n
o
d
u
l
e
s
h
a
v
e
a
h
i
g
h
e
r
c
o
n
t
r
a
s
t
a
n
d
w
e
l
l
d
e
f
i
n
e
d
b
o
u
n
d
a
r
ie
s
.
I
n
a
d
d
i
t
i
o
n
,
t
h
e
ap
p
ea
r
a
n
c
e
o
f
G
G
N
s
i
n
H
R
C
T
i
m
a
g
e
s
i
s
a
h
i
g
h
l
y
s
i
g
n
i
f
i
c
a
n
t
f
i
n
d
i
n
g
a
s
t
h
e
y
o
f
t
e
n
i
n
d
i
c
a
t
e
t
h
e
p
r
e
s
e
n
c
e
o
f
a
n
a
c
t
iv
e
a
n
d
p
o
t
e
n
t
i
a
l
l
y
t
r
e
a
t
a
b
le
p
r
o
ce
s
s
s
u
c
h
a
s
b
r
o
n
c
h
i
o
a
l
v
e
o
l
a
r
ca
r
c
i
n
o
m
a
s
o
r
i
n
v
a
s
i
v
e
a
d
e
n
o
c
a
r
c
i
n
o
m
a
.
B
ec
au
s
e
GGN
s
ar
e
t
y
p
icall
y
as
s
o
ciate
d
w
it
h
ac
t
iv
e
l
u
n
g
d
i
s
ea
s
e,
t
h
e
p
r
ese
n
ce
o
f
GGN
s
o
f
ten
lead
s
to
f
u
r
th
er
d
ia
g
n
o
s
t
ic
ev
alu
a
tio
n
,
in
c
lu
d
i
n
g
,
f
o
r
ex
a
m
p
le,
lu
n
g
b
io
p
s
y
.
T
h
u
s
,
a
co
m
p
u
ter
-
b
ased
s
eg
m
e
n
tatio
n
ca
n
b
e
o
f
ass
is
ta
n
ce
to
m
ed
ical
ex
p
er
ts
f
o
r
d
iag
n
o
s
i
s
an
d
tr
ea
t
m
e
n
t
o
f
ce
r
ta
in
t
y
p
es
o
f
lu
n
g
d
is
ea
s
e.
A
cc
o
r
d
in
g
l
y
,
th
er
e
is
a
n
ee
d
f
o
r
a
s
y
s
te
m
a
n
d
m
et
h
o
d
o
f
co
m
p
u
ter
-
b
ased
s
e
g
m
e
n
tatio
n
t
h
at
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
to
ac
cu
r
atel
y
a
n
d
co
n
s
is
te
n
tl
y
s
eg
m
e
n
t
GG
Ns
f
o
r
q
u
ick
d
iag
n
o
s
is
.
Fu
r
t
h
er
m
o
r
e,
t
h
e
e
x
ten
t
o
f
t
h
e
d
i
s
ea
s
e
in
v
o
lv
e
m
en
t
i
s
s
h
o
w
n
m
o
r
e
ac
cu
r
atel
y
o
n
H
R
C
T
th
u
s
r
aisi
n
g
th
e
lev
el
o
f
co
n
f
id
e
n
ce
f
o
r
d
iag
n
o
s
i
s
o
f
in
f
i
ltra
tiv
e
lu
n
g
d
is
ea
s
e.
T
h
e
H
R
C
T
h
as
al
s
o
b
ee
n
u
s
ed
to
g
u
id
e
an
d
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
r
e
g
ar
d
in
g
an
o
p
ti
m
u
m
s
i
te
f
o
r
o
p
en
lu
n
g
s
u
r
g
er
y
.
HR
C
T
p
r
o
v
id
es
ad
d
itio
n
al
u
s
ef
u
l
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
to
th
e
C
XR
an
d
d
ir
ec
tly
i
n
f
lu
e
n
ce
th
e
cli
n
ical
m
an
a
g
e
m
en
t
o
f
p
ed
iatr
ic
p
atien
ts
w
it
h
p
u
l
m
o
n
ar
y
d
is
ea
s
e,
esp
ec
ial
l
y
in
d
etec
tin
g
p
o
s
t
-
i
n
f
ec
tio
n
o
r
p
o
s
t
b
o
n
e
m
ar
r
o
w
tr
an
s
p
lan
t
s
eq
u
elae
,
b
r
o
n
ch
iec
tasi
s
an
d
in
e
v
alu
at
in
g
p
atien
t
s
w
it
h
n
o
n
s
p
ec
i
f
ic
C
X
R
f
i
n
d
i
n
g
s
.
Use
o
f
th
e
s
u
b
s
ec
o
n
d
m
u
lti
s
lice
C
T
s
ca
n
n
er
f
o
r
HR
C
T
o
f
th
e
c
h
es
t
in
c
h
il
d
r
en
p
r
o
v
id
es
i
m
a
g
es
o
f
d
ia
g
n
o
s
tic
q
u
alit
y
d
u
e
to
th
e
s
h
o
r
t i
m
a
g
i
n
g
ti
m
e
[
1
1
]
.
G
a
bo
r
f
ilte
rs:
Gab
o
r
f
i
lter
s
ca
n
s
er
v
e
as
ex
ce
l
len
t
b
an
d
-
p
ass
f
ilter
s
f
o
r
o
n
e
-
d
i
m
en
s
io
n
al
s
ig
n
al
s
(
e.
g
.
,
s
p
ee
ch
)
.
Gab
o
r
f
ilter
s
a
r
e
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
ted
i
n
i
m
ag
e
r
ep
r
esen
tat
io
n
,
te
x
tu
r
e
s
eg
m
e
n
tati
o
n
,
ed
g
e
d
etec
tio
n
,
r
e
t
i
n
a
i
d
e
n
t
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
,
i
m
a
g
e
c
o
d
i
n
g
a
n
d
i
m
a
g
e
r
e
t
r
i
e
v
a
l
i
n
d
e
c
a
d
e
s
.
T
h
i
s
G
a
b
o
r
f
i
l
t
e
r
s
a
r
e
p
r
e
f
e
r
r
ed
f
o
r
m
e
d
i
c
a
l
i
m
a
g
e
p
r
o
c
e
s
s
i
n
g
a
n
d
f
o
r
s
i
g
n
a
l
p
r
o
c
e
s
s
i
n
g
a
p
p
l
ic
a
t
i
o
n
s
b
e
c
a
u
s
e
o
f
t
h
e
i
r
s
h
a
r
p
c
u
t
o
f
f
s
.
S
o
,
t
h
e
n
o
i
s
e
l
e
v
e
l
d
e
c
r
e
a
s
e
s
a
s
t
h
e
c
u
t
o
f
f
o
f
t
h
e
f
i
l
t
e
r
s
m
o
o
t
h
e
s
.
G
a
b
o
r
f
i
l
t
e
r
s
a
r
e
a
l
s
o
l
i
n
e
a
r
s
h
i
f
t
i
n
v
a
r
i
a
n
t
a
n
d
o
r
i
e
n
t
a
t
i
o
n
s
e
l
ec
t
i
v
e
f
i
l
t
e
r
s
.
T
h
i
s
c
a
n
a
c
h
i
e
v
e
t
h
e
m
i
n
i
m
u
m
r
e
s
t
r
i
c
t
io
n
f
o
r
s
i
m
u
l
t
a
n
e
o
u
s
l
o
c
a
l
i
z
a
t
io
n
i
n
b
o
t
h
s
p
a
t
i
a
l
a
n
d
f
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
d
o
m
a
i
n
s
.
An
a
d
v
a
n
t
a
g
e
o
f
t
h
e
s
e
f
i
l
t
e
r
s
i
s
t
h
a
t
t
h
e
y
s
a
t
i
s
f
y
t
h
e
m
i
n
i
m
u
m
s
p
a
c
e
-
b
a
n
d
w
i
d
t
h
p
r
o
d
u
c
t
p
e
r
t
h
e
u
n
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IJ
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SS
N:
2252
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8814
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8814
IJ
AA
S
Vo
l.
4
,
No
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3
,
Sep
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2
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8
0
.
T
h
e
v
alu
e
s
0
a
n
d
1
8
0
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
to
ce
n
ter
-
s
y
m
m
etr
ic
„
ce
n
ter
-
o
n
‟
a
n
d
„
ce
n
ter
-
o
f
f
‟
f
u
n
c
tio
n
s
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
,
w
h
ile
-
9
0
an
d
9
0
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
to
an
ti
-
s
y
m
m
etr
ic
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
.
A
ll o
th
er
ca
s
es c
o
r
r
esp
o
n
d
to
asy
m
m
etr
ic
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
.
A
s
p
e
c
t
r
a
t
io
(
γ)
:
T
h
i
s
p
a
r
am
e
t
e
r
,
c
a
l
l
e
d
m
o
r
e
p
r
ec
i
s
e
l
y
t
h
e
s
p
a
t
i
a
l
a
s
p
e
c
t
r
a
t
i
o
,
s
p
e
c
i
f
i
e
s
t
h
e
e
l
l
i
p
t
i
c
i
t
y
o
f
t
h
e
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
o
f
th
e
G
a
b
o
r
f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n
.
F
o
r
γ
=
1
,
t
h
e
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
i
s
c
i
r
c
u
l
ar
.
F
o
r
γ
<
1
t
h
e
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
i
s
e
l
o
n
g
a
t
e
d
i
n
o
r
i
e
n
t
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
p
ar
a
l
l
e
l
s
t
r
ip
e
s
o
f
t
h
e
f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n
.
D
e
f
a
u
l
t
v
a
l
u
e
i
s
γ
=
0
.
5
.
B
a
nd
w
idth
(
b):
T
h
e
h
alf
r
es
p
o
n
s
e
s
p
atial
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
b
a
n
d
w
id
t
h
b
(
in
o
ctav
es)
o
f
a
Ga
b
o
r
f
ilter
is
r
elate
d
to
th
e
r
atio
σ
/λ
,
w
h
er
e
σ
an
d
λ
ar
e
th
e
s
tan
d
ar
d
d
ev
iatio
n
o
f
th
e
Ga
u
s
s
ian
f
ac
to
r
o
f
th
e
Gab
o
r
f
u
n
c
tio
n
an
d
th
e
p
r
ef
er
r
ed
w
a
v
ele
n
g
t
h
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
G
ro
un
d
g
la
s
s
o
pa
cit
y
di
s
ea
s
e:
Gr
o
u
n
d
-
g
la
s
s
r
e
f
er
s
to
t
h
e
HR
C
T
ap
p
ea
r
an
ce
o
f
a
h
az
y
o
p
ac
ity
th
a
t
d
o
es
n
o
t
o
b
s
cu
r
e
th
e
ass
o
ciate
d
p
u
l
m
o
n
ar
y
v
ess
e
ls
.
T
h
is
ap
p
ea
r
an
ce
r
esu
lts
f
r
o
m
p
ar
en
ch
y
m
a
l
ab
n
o
r
m
alitie
s
th
at
ar
e
b
elo
w
th
e
s
p
atial
r
eso
lu
tio
n
o
f
HR
C
T
.
Gr
o
u
n
d
-
g
lass
o
p
ac
it
y
ca
n
b
e
s
ee
n
w
it
h
al
v
eo
lar
w
all
in
f
la
m
m
a
tio
n
o
r
th
i
c
k
en
in
g
,
with
p
ar
tial a
ir
-
s
p
ac
e
f
illi
n
g
,
o
r
w
it
h
s
o
m
e
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
o
f
th
e
t
w
o
.
Gr
o
u
n
d
g
las
s
o
p
ac
it
y
is
a
f
r
eq
u
en
t
b
u
t
n
o
n
s
p
ec
if
ic
f
in
d
i
n
g
o
n
h
i
g
h
-
r
eso
lu
t
io
n
C
T
s
ca
n
s
o
f
t
h
e
l
u
n
g
p
ar
en
ch
y
m
a.
T
h
e
u
n
d
er
l
y
i
n
g
ab
n
o
r
m
alit
y
is
d
iv
er
s
e;
an
y
c
o
n
d
itio
n
th
a
t
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
s
th
e
air
co
n
ten
t
o
f
t
h
e
l
u
n
g
p
ar
en
ch
y
m
a
w
i
th
o
u
t to
tall
y
o
b
liter
atin
g
t
h
e
al
v
eo
li c
an
p
r
o
d
u
ce
g
r
o
u
n
d
g
las
s
o
p
ac
it
y
.
T
h
ese
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es a
r
e
n
o
t
v
is
ib
le
o
n
h
i
g
h
-
r
e
s
o
lu
tio
n
C
T
s
ca
n
s
.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
in
s
p
ec
if
ic
clin
ical
s
etti
n
g
s
,
t
h
e
in
f
o
r
m
at
i
o
n
p
r
o
v
id
ed
b
y
t
h
e
h
ig
h
r
e
s
o
lu
t
io
n
C
T
is
co
n
s
id
e
r
ab
le
w
h
e
n
t
h
e
a
n
ato
m
ic
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
an
d
a
s
s
o
ciate
d
s
tr
u
c
tu
r
al
ch
a
n
g
e
s
to
th
e
lu
n
g
p
ar
en
c
h
y
m
a
ar
e
an
al
y
ze
d
.
T
h
e
s
o
-
ca
lled
g
r
o
u
n
d
g
lass
p
u
l
m
o
n
ar
y
o
p
ac
it
y
is
ch
ar
ac
ter
iz
ed
b
y
a
s
li
g
h
t
i
n
cr
ea
s
e
i
n
lu
n
g
d
en
s
it
y
,
w
it
h
p
er
s
is
te
n
t
v
is
ib
ili
t
y
o
f
v
asc
u
lar
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
es
a
n
d
b
r
o
n
ch
ial
w
all
s
.
I
f
v
es
s
els
ar
e
o
b
s
cu
r
ed
,
th
e
ter
m
co
n
s
o
lid
atio
n
i
s
p
r
ef
er
r
ed
.
T
h
is
k
i
n
d
o
f
p
u
l
m
o
n
ar
y
o
p
ac
it
y
,
w
h
ic
h
m
a
y
b
e
p
atch
y
o
r
d
if
f
u
s
e,
w
a
s
w
ell
k
n
o
w
n
in
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
r
ad
io
lo
g
y
,
b
u
t
h
a
s
b
ee
n
r
ec
en
tl
y
r
e
-
e
v
al
u
at
ed
,
f
o
llo
w
in
g
th
e
i
n
cr
ea
s
i
n
g
l
y
w
id
esp
r
ea
d
u
s
e
o
f
h
ig
h
r
eso
lu
t
io
n
C
T
o
f
t
h
e
l
u
n
g
.
Gr
o
u
n
d
g
lass
o
p
ac
it
y
is
c
o
m
m
o
n
l
y
o
b
s
er
v
ed
i
n
p
atien
t
s
w
it
h
ea
r
l
y
d
if
f
u
s
e
p
u
l
m
o
n
ar
y
i
n
f
iltra
ti
v
e
d
is
ea
s
e
s
.
T
h
o
u
g
h
n
o
n
-
s
p
ec
if
ic
in
its
el
f
,
th
e
s
i
g
n
is
al
w
a
y
s
v
er
y
s
i
g
n
i
f
ica
n
t.
P
ar
ticu
la
r
l
y
,
it
co
u
ld
r
ep
r
esen
t
a
u
s
e
f
u
l
s
i
g
n
o
f
ac
tiv
e
an
d
tr
ea
tab
le
ab
n
o
r
m
alit
y
i
n
s
o
m
e
d
i
f
f
u
s
e
p
u
l
m
o
n
ar
y
d
i
s
ea
s
es,
s
u
ch
as id
io
p
ath
ic
p
u
l
m
o
n
ar
y
f
ib
r
o
s
is
an
d
s
ar
co
id
o
s
is
[
5
]
.
Gr
o
u
n
d
g
las
s
o
p
ac
it
y
i
s
o
b
s
er
v
ed
w
h
e
n
h
i
s
to
lo
g
ical
t
h
ic
k
en
i
n
g
o
f
t
h
e
alv
eo
lar
w
alls
an
d
s
ep
tal
in
ter
s
ti
tiu
m
is
m
i
n
i
m
al
o
r
t
h
e
alv
eo
lar
l
u
m
en
is
p
ar
tiall
y
f
i
lled
w
ith
f
lu
id
,
m
ac
r
o
p
h
ag
e
s
,
n
e
u
tr
o
p
h
ils
o
r
th
e
a
m
o
r
p
h
o
u
s
m
ater
ial.
T
h
e
d
eg
r
ee
o
f
i
n
cr
ea
s
ed
l
u
n
g
o
p
ac
it
y
i
s
n
o
t
s
u
f
f
ic
ien
t
to
o
b
s
cu
r
e
p
u
l
m
o
n
ar
y
v
ess
e
ls
,
a
s
w
o
u
ld
b
e
th
e
ca
s
e
in
tr
u
e
c
o
n
s
o
lid
atio
n
.
Gr
o
u
n
d
-
g
las
s
o
p
ac
it
y
is
p
o
ten
tiall
y
r
ev
er
s
ib
l
e
w
it
h
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iate
th
er
ap
y
,
i
f
th
e
u
n
d
er
l
y
i
n
g
d
i
s
o
r
d
er
is
tr
ea
ted
ea
r
l
y
,
b
ec
au
s
e
n
o
n
e
o
f
t
h
e
c
h
an
g
es
i
n
lu
n
g
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
ar
e
p
er
m
a
n
e
n
t.
So
m
e
ac
ti
v
e
b
u
t
p
o
ten
tiall
y
r
ev
er
s
ib
le
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
th
at
p
r
o
d
u
ce
g
r
o
u
n
d
-
g
la
s
s
o
p
ac
it
y
in
c
lu
d
e
p
u
l
m
o
n
ar
y
ed
e
m
a;
al
v
eo
lar
p
r
o
tein
o
s
is
;
an
d
m
a
n
y
ca
u
s
es
o
f
al
v
eo
liti
s
o
r
in
ter
s
titi
al
f
ib
r
o
s
is
,
s
ar
co
id
o
s
is
,
h
y
p
er
s
e
n
s
i
tiv
it
y
p
n
eu
m
o
n
itis
a
n
d
ea
r
l
y
r
ad
iatio
n
p
n
e
u
m
o
n
iti
s
.
G
r
o
u
n
d
g
l
ass
o
p
a
c
i
ty
m
ay
a
ls
o
b
e
s
e
e
n
as
a
c
o
n
s
e
q
u
en
c
e
o
f
i
n
c
r
e
as
e
d
c
a
p
i
ll
a
r
y
b
l
o
o
d
v
o
l
u
m
e
i
n
r
e
d
i
s
t
r
i
b
u
ti
o
n
o
f
b
l
o
o
d
f
l
o
w
.
A
l
t
h
o
u
g
h
it
is
a
n
o
n
s
p
e
ci
f
i
c
f
in
d
i
n
g
,
it
c
an
s
u
g
g
es
ts
a
s
p
e
c
if
i
c
d
i
a
g
n
o
s
i
s
in
c
e
r
t
ain
c
l
in
i
c
al
c
i
r
cu
m
s
t
an
c
es
o
r
i
n
d
i
ca
t
e
a
p
o
t
en
t
i
al
ly
t
r
e
at
a
b
l
e
d
is
ea
s
e
.
B
ey
o
n
d
th
at
i
t
is
an
in
it
i
al
a
p
p
e
a
r
a
n
ce
o
f
th
e
d
i
f
f
u
s
e
l
u
n
g
d
i
s
e
a
s
e
.
T
h
e
r
e
f
o
r
e
,
a
c
c
u
r
a
te
d
e
t
e
c
ti
o
n
an
d
d
i
f
f
e
r
en
ti
a
l
d
i
ag
n
o
s
is
o
f
g
r
o
u
n
d
g
l
a
s
s
o
p
a
c
i
ty
a
r
e
im
p
o
r
t
an
t
.
T
h
e
cu
r
r
e
n
t
ly
av
a
il
ab
l
e
l
u
n
g
d
is
e
as
e
d
e
t
ec
t
i
o
n
a
lg
o
r
i
t
h
m
s
a
r
e
b
as
e
d
o
n
s
ta
t
is
t
ic
a
l
le
a
r
n
in
g
[8
]
-
[
1
0
]
.
Sig
nifica
nce
o
f
g
ro
un
d
g
la
s
s
o
pa
cit
y
:
I
n
s
o
m
e
d
is
ea
s
e
s
,
s
u
c
h
as
id
io
p
ath
ic
p
u
l
m
o
n
ar
y
f
ib
r
o
s
i
s
(
f
ib
r
o
s
in
g
al
v
eo
liis
)
a
n
d
s
ar
co
id
o
s
is
,
th
e
ap
p
ea
r
an
ce
o
f
g
r
o
u
n
d
g
la
s
s
o
p
ac
it
y
co
r
r
elate
s
w
i
t
h
s
d
i
s
ea
s
e
ac
ti
v
it
y
,
as
i
n
d
icate
d
b
y
b
io
p
s
y
,
b
r
o
n
ch
io
alv
eo
lar
la
v
a
g
e,
o
r
g
al
liu
m
lu
n
g
s
ca
n
s
.
T
h
e
s
e
ar
ea
s
o
f
g
r
o
u
n
d
-
g
la
s
s
o
p
ac
it
y
h
av
e
b
ee
n
s
h
o
w
n
to
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
to
r
eg
io
n
s
o
f
ac
t
iv
e
alv
eo
liti
s
a
n
d
p
r
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th
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elo
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g
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p
to
3
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f
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en
t
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T
h
e
r
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lt
is
an
i
m
ag
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o
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ch
d
y
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s
h
o
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is
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m
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tai
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dg
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det
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d
g
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d
etec
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a
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tr
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s
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m
eth
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f
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ased
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ad
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ical
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x
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p
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ask
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l
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R
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Pr
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v
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d
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t
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o
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ch
a
r
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ch
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r
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m
o
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ly
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t
a
l
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at
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r
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v
id
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d
etec
tio
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esu
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s
ca
n
v
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y
.
Gr
ad
ien
t
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b
ased
alg
o
r
it
h
m
s
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c
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as
t
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P
r
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f
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e.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IJ
AA
S
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N:
2252
-
8814
P
erfo
r
ma
n
ce
a
n
d
A
n
a
lysi
s
o
f A
u
to
ma
tic
Dete
ctio
n
o
f G
r
o
u
n
d
-
Gla
s
s
P
a
tter
n
in
Lu
n
g
…
(
M.
A
n
to
B
en
n
et
)
101
Ca
lcula
t
ing
a
cc
ura
cy
:
Sens
it
iv
it
y
:
Sen
s
i
tiv
it
y
o
f
t
h
e
alg
o
r
ith
m
is
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
b
y
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
ea
c
h
in
d
i
v
id
u
al
d
is
ea
s
ed
r
eg
io
n
lab
eled
b
y
th
e
r
ad
io
lo
g
is
t
s
as
g
r
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u
n
d
g
la
s
s
an
d
co
u
n
t
in
g
t
h
e
r
es
u
lt
o
f
Gr
o
u
n
d
Gla
s
s
d
e
te
ctio
n
A
l
g
o
r
ith
m
(
GGDA
)
Se
n
s
iti
v
it
y
=
FP
/ (
FP
+
L
N)
:
1.
Fin
al
P
o
s
iti
v
e
(
FP
)
: Reg
io
n
s
l
ab
eled
b
y
th
e
r
ad
io
lo
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is
t a
n
d
r
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o
g
n
ized
b
y
GGD
A
2.
L
ast p
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s
it
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e
(
L
P
)
: Reg
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n
s
r
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co
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ized
b
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GGD
A
b
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t n
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t la
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eled
b
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Neg
ati
v
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L
N)
: Re
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t b
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ized
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Fin
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ized
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ith
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Sp
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s
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f
o
ll
o
w
s
an
d
v
al
u
es
ar
e
s
h
o
w
n
in
tab
le.
2.
M
AT
E
RIAL
S AN
D
M
E
T
H
O
DS
I
n
th
is
s
tu
d
y
Gr
o
u
n
d
g
la
s
s
p
atter
n
d
etec
tio
n
o
f
HR
C
T
im
ag
es
is
d
o
n
e
f
o
r
b
etter
v
is
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izatio
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d
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s
.
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s
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tial
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w
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co
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lid
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e
m
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tec
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n
iq
u
es.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
Ra
h
m
a
t
M.
F.,
M.
D.
Isa
,
K.
J
u
so
f
f
,
T
.
A
.
Hu
ss
in
a
n
d
S
.
M
d
.
Ro
z
a
li
,
“
I
m
a
g
e
Re
c
o
n
stru
c
ti
o
n
A
lg
o
rit
h
m
f
o
r
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
Ch
a
rg
e
T
o
m
o
g
ra
p
h
y
S
y
ste
m
”,
Am.
J
.
Ap
p
li
e
d
S
c
i.
,
V
o
l
.
7
,
p
p
.
1
2
5
4
-
1
2
6
3
,
2
0
1
0
.
[2
]
No
o
r
N.
R.
M
.
,
N.
A.
M
.
Isa
,
M
.
Y.
M
a
sh
o
r
,
N.
H.
Oth
m
a
n
a
n
d
K.
Z.
Zam
li
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
A
u
to
m
a
ti
c
G
las
s
-
S
li
d
e
Ca
p
tu
ri
n
g
S
y
ste
m
f
o
r
Ce
rv
i
c
a
l
Ca
n
c
e
r
P
re
-
S
c
re
e
n
in
g
P
ro
g
ra
m
”,
Am
.
J
.
Ap
p
li
e
d
S
c
i.
,
V
o
l
.
5
,
p
p
.
4
6
1
-
4
6
7
,
2
0
0
8
.
[3
]
Be
n
a
m
r
a
n
e
N.,
A
.
F
re
v
il
le
a
n
d
R.
Ne
k
k
a
c
h
e
,
“
A
h
y
b
rid
f
u
z
z
y
n
e
u
ra
l
n
e
tw
o
rk
s
f
o
r
th
e
d
e
tec
ti
o
n
o
f
t
u
m
o
rs
in
m
e
d
ica
l
ima
g
e
s
”,
Am.
J
.
Ap
p
li
e
d
S
c
i
.,
V
o
l.
2
,
p
p
.
8
9
2
-
8
9
6
,
2
0
0
5
.
[4
]
Rizo
n
M
.
,
M
.
F
.
Ha
sh
im
,
P
.
S
a
a
d
a
n
d
S
.
Ya
a
c
o
b
,
“
F
a
c
e
re
c
o
g
n
it
i
o
n
u
si
n
g
e
ig
e
n
f
a
c
e
s
a
n
d
n
e
u
ra
l
n
e
tw
o
rk
s
”,
Am.
J
.
Ap
p
li
e
d
S
c
i
.,
V
o
l.
3
,
p
p
.
1
8
7
2
-
1
8
7
5
,
2
0
0
6
.
[5
]
M
u
ra
d
S.
A.
Z.
,
a
n
d
W
.
Is
m
a
il
,
“
De
sig
n
o
f
a
c
ti
v
e
in
teg
ra
ted
a
n
te
n
n
a
f
o
r
d
u
a
l
f
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
i
m
a
g
e
r
e
jec
ti
o
n
”,
Am.
J
.
Ap
p
li
e
d
S
c
i
.
,
V
o
l.
3
,
p
p
.
1
8
9
0
-
1
8
9
4
,
2
0
0
6
.
[6
]
De
sa
i
S.
R.
,
“
Hig
h
re
so
l
u
ti
o
n
c
o
m
p
u
ted
to
m
o
g
ra
p
h
y
o
f
th
e
lu
n
g
”,
CM
E
Ra
d
i
o
lo
g
y
,
V
o
l.
2
,
p
p
.
1
2
6
-
133
,
2
0
0
1
.
[7
]
F
u
k
u
m
o
to
,
H.
A.
B.
,
T
.
Nitt
a
a
n
d
N.
T
.
S
u
d
a
g
a
w
a
,
“
De
tec
ti
o
n
o
f
G
ro
u
n
d
G
las
s
Op
a
c
it
ies
in
lu
n
g
CT
i
m
a
g
e
s
u
sin
g
G
a
b
o
r
f
il
ters
a
n
d
n
e
u
ra
l
n
e
tw
o
rk
s
”,
IEE
E
T
r
a
n
s.
,
V
o
l.
1
,
p
p
.
2
5
1
-
2
5
6
,
2
0
0
5
.
[8
]
Ho
ffm
a
n
E.
A
.
,
a
n
d
A
.
V
.
Clo
u
g
h
,
“
T
h
e
c
o
m
p
re
h
e
n
siv
e
i
m
a
g
in
g
b
a
se
d
a
n
a
l
y
sis
o
f
th
e
lu
n
g
”,
Am.
Ra
d
i
o
l.
,
V
o
l
.
1
1
,
p
p
.
1
3
7
0
-
1
3
8
0
,
2
0
0
4
.
[9
]
M
a
n
ju
n
a
th
B.
S.
,
a
n
d
W
.
Y.
M
a
,
“
T
e
x
tu
re
f
e
a
tu
re
s
f
o
r
b
ro
w
sin
g
a
n
d
re
tri
e
v
a
l
o
f
im
a
g
e
d
a
ta
”,
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s.
,
V
o
l
.
1
8
,
pp
.
8
3
7
-
8
4
2
,
2
0
0
6
.
[1
0
]
Up
p
a
lu
ri
R.
,
M
.
S
o
n
k
a
,
P
.
G
.
Ha
rtl
e
y
,
G
.
W
.
Hu
n
n
in
g
h
a
k
e
a
n
d
G
.
M
.
L
e
n
n
a
n
,
“
Co
m
p
u
ter
re
c
o
g
n
it
i
o
n
o
f
re
g
io
n
a
l
lu
n
g
d
ise
a
se
p
a
tt
e
rn
s
”,
Am.
J
.
Res
p
ira
t
o
ry
Criti
c
a
l
C
a
re
M
e
d
.
,
V
o
l
.
1
6
0
,
p
p
.
6
4
8
-
6
5
4
,
1
9
9
9
.
[1
1
]
Ya
m
a
g
u
c
h
i
T
.
,
K.
A
sh
iza
wa
,
K.
Na
g
a
o
k
i
a
n
d
K.
Ha
y
a
sh
i,
“
Hig
h
r
e
so
lu
ti
o
n
CT
e
v
a
lu
a
ti
o
n
o
f
g
ro
u
n
d
g
las
s
o
p
a
c
it
y
in
d
if
f
u
se
lu
n
g
d
ise
a
se
”,
Acta
M
e
d
.
Na
g
a
s
a
k
i
,
V
o
l.
4
3
,
p
p
.
1
-
11
,
2
0
0
0
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.