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[
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2
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11
ha
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I
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252
-
88
14
IJ
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.
7
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.
2
,
J
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201
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:
105
–
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6
1
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i
ve
ne
s
s
of
t
he
p
r
o
p
os
e
d
a
pp
r
o
a
c
h
i
s
di
s
c
us
s
e
d
t
hr
o
ug
h
a
s
e
t
of
p
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e
l
i
m
i
na
r
y
r
e
s
ul
t
s
c
onc
e
r
ni
n
g
a
pp
l
i
c
a
t
i
ons
o
f
a
c
t
ua
l
r
e
l
ev
a
n
c
e
[
6
].
A
f
t
e
r
t
ha
t
a
n e
nha
nc
e
d V
H
D
m
ode
l
ba
s
e
d o
n P
r
e
di
c
t
e
d R
e
c
e
i
ve
d S
i
gna
l
S
t
r
e
n
gt
h
(P
R
S
S
)
a
n
d
d
w
e
l
l
t
im
e
va
l
ue
i
s
pr
o
po
s
e
d
by
K
u
n
a
r
ak
an
d
S
u
l
ees
at
h
i
r
a
.
T
h
e
r
e
c
e
i
v
e
d
s
i
g
n
a
l
s
t
r
e
n
g
t
h
i
s
p
r
e
d
i
c
t
e
d
b
y
a
ba
c
k
p
r
o
pa
ga
t
i
on
ne
ur
a
l
ne
t
w
or
k
t
o
i
ni
t
i
a
t
e
a
ha
n
d
of
f
e
a
r
l
y
.
T
he
va
l
ue
of
d
w
e
l
l
t
im
e
de
pe
nds
u
p
on
t
he
m
obi
l
e
no
de
ve
l
oc
i
t
y
a
nd m
ovi
n
g
pa
t
t
e
r
n.
T
he
y
ha
ve
de
s
i
g
ne
d m
ul
t
i
pl
e
m
e
t
r
i
c
ba
s
e
d p
ol
i
c
i
e
s
f
o
r
r
e
a
l
t
i
m
e
a
nd
n
on
r
e
a
l
t
im
e
s
e
r
v
i
c
e
s
i
n di
f
f
e
r
e
nt
ne
t
w
or
ks
.
T
he
y
ha
ve
de
s
i
gne
d ha
n
do
f
f
t
r
i
gge
r
i
n
g p
r
oc
e
s
s
t
o c
he
c
k t
he
c
on
s
i
s
t
e
nc
y
o
f
R
S
S
du
r
i
n
g a
w
hol
e
d
we
l
l
t
im
e
dur
a
t
i
o
n
f
or
t
r
i
g
ge
r
i
ng
h
a
nd
o
f
f
p
r
oc
e
s
s
.
S
o t
ha
t
u
nne
c
e
s
s
a
r
y
ha
n
d
of
f
c
a
n
be
a
voi
de
d
.
I
n f
u
t
ur
e
,
t
he
a
l
g
or
i
t
hm
c
a
n be
ut
i
l
i
z
e
d f
or
c
a
l
c
ul
a
t
i
ng ha
n
do
f
f
de
l
a
y
a
nd t
hr
o
ug
h
pu
t
f
o
r
r
eal
t
i
m
e
s
er
v
i
ces
[
7
].
B
o e
t
a
l
.
,
i
n 201
4 ha
ve
p
r
o
p
os
e
d
m
ul
t
i
a
t
t
r
ibut
e
ve
r
t
i
c
a
l
ha
nd
o
f
f
de
c
i
s
i
o
n a
l
go
r
i
t
hm
ba
s
e
d o
n n
ode
m
obi
l
it
y
.
T
he
c
ur
r
e
nt
a
c
c
e
s
s
poi
nt
pr
e
s
wi
t
c
h t
o t
he
a
dja
c
e
nt
a
c
c
e
s
s
p
oi
nt
s
,
a
n
d t
he
ha
n
d
of
f
i
s
t
r
i
gg
e
r
e
d
w
he
n
t
h
e s
i
g
n
al
co
v
e
r
ag
e
r
at
e o
f
t
h
e acces
s
p
o
i
n
t
i
s
b
e
l
o
w
a
p
r
e
s
e
t
t
h
r
e
s
h
o
l
d
.
D
e
t
a
i
l
e
d
s
i
m
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
r
e
s
u
l
t
s
s
h
o
w
t
h
e
pe
r
f
o
r
m
a
nc
e
im
pr
ove
m
e
nt
i
n a
pr
o
po
s
e
d a
l
go
r
i
t
hm
a
s
c
o
m
pa
r
e
d t
o t
r
a
d
i
t
i
ona
l
m
ul
t
i
a
ttr
i
b
ut
e
de
c
i
s
i
on
m
a
ki
ng
a
l
g
o
r
i
t
h
m
[
8
].
L
a
t
e
r
o
n,
i
n
2
0
15
Ga
o
a
n
d
Z
h
a
ng
ha
ve
p
r
op
os
e
d
a
m
e
c
ha
ni
s
m
t
o
s
e
l
e
c
t
b
es
t
acces
s
n
et
w
o
r
k
f
o
r
L
o
w
P
o
w
e
r
M
o
b
i
l
e
T
e
r
m
i
n
a
l
(
L
P
M
T
)
i
n
i
n
t
e
g
r
a
t
e
d
W
L
A
N
/
U
M
T
S
e
n
v
i
r
o
n
m
e
n
t
.
T
h
e
a
d
a
p
t
i
v
e
w
e
i
g
h
t
s
a
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e
u
s
e
d
t
o
r
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d
uc
e
un
ne
c
e
s
s
a
r
y
ha
nd
o
f
f
a
nd t
o e
xt
e
nd
ba
t
t
e
r
y
l
i
f
e
t
im
e
s
of
l
ow
p
ow
e
r
m
obi
l
e
t
e
r
m
i
na
l
w
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t
ho
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i
m
pa
c
ti
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g
t
h
e
p
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r
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e
i
v
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d
q
u
a
l
i
t
y
o
f
s
e
r
v
i
c
e
(
Q
o
S
)
[9
].
A
l
s
o
,
t
h
er
e ar
e s
o
m
e cas
es
i
n
w
h
i
c
h
co
n
v
en
t
i
o
n
al
d
i
s
t
a
n
ce p
r
e
d
i
ct
ed
h
an
d
o
f
f
al
g
o
r
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t
h
m
can
n
o
t
pr
o
vi
de
a
n e
f
f
e
c
t
i
ve
ha
n
do
v
e
r
de
c
i
s
i
o
n.
F
ol
l
ow
i
ng a
r
e
t
he
t
wo c
a
s
e
s
i
n w
hi
c
h ha
n
d
ove
r
t
o a
m
ob
i
l
e
node
c
a
nn
ot
be
pr
o
v
i
de
d
t
hr
o
ug
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a
c
on
ve
nt
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on
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l
a
l
g
o
r
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t
h
m
w
h
e
n
i
t
i
s
a
c
t
u
a
l
l
y
r
e
q
u
i
r
e
d
.
a
.
C
a
s
e
1
T
he
c
e
l
l
ul
a
r
n
e
t
w
o
r
k a
nd
W
L
A
N
ove
r
l
a
p
wi
t
h e
a
c
h ot
he
r
a
s
s
ho
w
n i
n F
i
gu
r
e
1 (
a
)
L
e
t
us
a
s
s
um
e
,
t
he
m
obi
l
e
no
d
e
e
nt
e
r
s
f
r
om
the
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e
l
l
ul
a
r
ne
t
w
o
r
k
(
p
oi
nt
P
i
)
i
nt
o t
he
W
L
A
N a
n
d wi
l
l
e
xi
t
f
r
om
a
not
he
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poi
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P
o
.
N
o
w
a
s
m
o
b
i
l
e n
o
d
e t
r
av
el
s
i
n
t
h
e W
L
A
N
,
i
t
co
v
er
s
s
o
m
e d
i
s
t
an
ce.
T
h
er
e
r
e
f
or
e
,
c
on
ve
nt
i
ona
l
a
p
pr
oa
c
h
pr
o
vi
de
s
t
he
h
a
nd
o
ve
r
t
o t
he
m
obi
l
e
node
o
n t
he
ba
s
i
s
of
t
r
a
ve
l
l
e
d
di
s
t
a
n
c
e
i
n t
hi
s
s
i
t
ua
t
i
on.
B
ut
,
t
he
s
t
r
e
n
gt
h
o
f
cel
l
u
l
ar
n
et
w
o
r
k
as
w
el
l
as
W
L
A
N
i
s
s
u
f
f
i
c
i
e
n
t
l
y
s
t
r
o
n
g
t
o
p
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v
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d
e
s
e
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e
c
o
n
t
i
n
u
i
t
y
i
n
t
h
i
s
t
r
a
j
e
c
t
o
r
y
.
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h
e
r
e
f
o
r
e
,
h
a
n
d
o
f
f
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s
a
c
t
u
a
l
l
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o
t
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e
q
u
i
r
e
d
i
n
t
h
i
s
s
i
t
u
a
t
i
o
n
.
F
ig
ur
e
1
(
a
).
O
ve
r
l
a
ppi
ng
s
t
ru
c
t
u
r
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o
f
c
e
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l
u
l
a
r
ne
t
w
or
k
a
n
d
W
L
A
N
F
ig
ur
e
1
(b
).
S
h
o
r
t
e
s
t
p
r
e
d
i
c
t
e
d
d
i
s
t
a
n
c
e
b.
C
as
e
2
I
n t
he
s
e
c
on
d s
c
e
na
r
i
o a
s
s
h
ow
n i
n F
i
g
ur
e
1 (
b
)
,
t
he
m
obi
l
e
node
e
nt
e
r
s
f
r
om
t
he
c
e
l
l
u
l
a
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ne
t
wo
r
k
(
p
oi
nt
P
i
)
i
nt
o t
he
W
L
A
N
a
n
d w
i
l
l
e
xi
t
f
r
om
a
not
he
r
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P
o.
A
c
c
or
di
n
g
t
o
c
o
nve
nt
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a
p
pr
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h,
t
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s
h
o
r
t
e
s
t
t
r
a
v
e
l
l
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d
d
i
s
t
a
n
c
e
(
d
)
i
s
v
e
r
y
s
m
a
l
l
a
s
co
m
p
ar
e
d
t
o
t
h
r
es
h
o
l
d
d
i
s
t
an
ce.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
h
a
n
d
o
f
f
can
n
o
t
be
pr
o
vi
de
d
t
o
t
he
m
obi
l
e
n
od
e
t
hr
o
ug
h
c
o
nv
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nt
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ona
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a
p
pr
o
a
c
h,
b
ut
i
t
i
s
a
c
t
ua
l
l
y
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e
de
d.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IJ
A
A
S
I
S
S
N
:
225
2
-
88
14
A
No
v
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l
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v
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g
D
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(
Jyo
t
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1
07
2.
R
ES
EA
R
C
H
M
ETH
O
D
T
o
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ve
r
c
om
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the
a
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im
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f
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o,
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n pr
e
s
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l
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i
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ha
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f
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on t
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ba
s
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w
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Rd
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d
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e
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d
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.
F
i
g
u
r
e
2
(
a
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:
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l
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d
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n
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e
w
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r
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t
.
ra
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u
s
(R
d
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i
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l
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pi
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s
t
r
u
c
t
u
r
e
F
i
g
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re
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(b
):
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r
a
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d
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s
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.
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t
ra
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d
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c
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d
d
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t
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t
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a
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h
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t
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s
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o
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n
F
i
g
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r
e 2
(
a
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.
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s
t
i
m
at
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r
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a
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n
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t
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s
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ol
d
di
s
t
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(
).
T
h
e
re
f
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,
h
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n
d
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s
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de
d
t
h
r
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u
gh
p
r
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s
e
nt
e
d
a
l
g
o
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t
hm
.
Al
t
ho
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h
c
o
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n
t
i
ona
l
m
e
t
hod
pr
o
vi
de
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nd
of
f
i
n
t
hi
s
c
a
s
e
.
I
n s
h
or
t
e
s
t
pr
e
di
c
t
e
d
di
s
t
a
nc
e
a
r
c
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t
e
c
t
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r
e
a
s
s
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n i
n F
i
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r
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2 (
b
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,
E
s
t
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t
e
d t
r
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).
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h c
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a
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pr
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s
cas
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3.
R
ES
U
LTS
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s
s
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s
t
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m
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t
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od
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N
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M
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t
e
r
m
i
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s
t
he
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e
s
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i
t
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king
a
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o a
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l
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bl
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t
w
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k.
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m
odul
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ve
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oc
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gr
a
m
of
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s
s
h
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n
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F
i
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r
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3.
F
i
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3.
H
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f
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t
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hol
d
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≤
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r
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t
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≥
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
S
SN
:
2
252
-
88
14
IJ
A
A
S
V
o
l
.
7
,
N
o
.
2
,
J
un
e
201
8
:
105
–
11
6
1
08
T
he
out
put
of
H
NE
M
i
s
on
e
t
o
i
n
d
i
c
a
t
e
t
h
a
t
t
h
e
P
R
S
S
of
c
ur
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nt
s
e
r
vi
c
e
d
ne
t
w
or
k i
s
n
ot
e
no
u
gh t
o
pr
o
vi
de
s
e
r
vi
c
e
s
t
o
m
obi
l
e
node
a
s
we
l
l
a
s
e
s
t
im
a
t
e
d t
r
a
ve
l
l
i
ng di
s
t
a
nc
e
or
s
t
a
y
t
im
e
of
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obi
l
e
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i
n a
ne
t
w
or
k i
s
ve
r
y
hi
g
h a
s
c
om
pa
r
e
d t
o t
h
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s
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t
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s
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e
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n
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s
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ot
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e
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d
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s
e
r
th
d
th
PR
SS
R
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&
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d
1
,
HNE
M
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<
≥=
=
(
1)
T
h
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t
i
m
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i
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f
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an
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o
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r
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o
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t
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t
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ar
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et
er
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t
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m
at
io
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of
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3.
1.
R
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v
ed
S
i
g
n
a
l
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t
ren
g
t
h
P
red
i
ct
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s
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erg
M
a
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l
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T
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s
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s
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n a
l
go
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i
t
hm
a
t
t
e
m
pt
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e
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t
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c
h
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r
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c
h
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p
s
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n e
s
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im
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ti
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ha
t
w
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t
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r
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l
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de
i
s
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or
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os
e
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In
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ra
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t
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k
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s
) h
a
s
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a
s
t
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e
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c
c
e
s
s
f
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l
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l
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ri
t
h
m
fo
r t
h
e
pu
r
pos
e
o
f
pr
e
di
c
t
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on
of
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S
i
n r
ur
a
l
,
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ub
ur
ba
n
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a
nd i
n i
n
d
oo
r
e
nvi
r
o
nm
e
nt
a
s
w
e
l
l
[
1
0
].
A
n
a
r
t
i
f
i
c
i
a
l
n
e
u
r
a
l
ne
t
w
or
k i
s
t
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ne
ur
o
n
ba
s
e
d
s
y
s
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e
m
w
hos
e
w
or
ki
n
g i
s
qui
t
e
s
i
m
i
l
a
r
t
o t
he
hum
a
n
br
a
i
n a
nd
i
s
u
s
e
d
f
o
r
pr
oc
e
s
s
i
ng
of
t
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i
nf
or
m
a
t
i
on
on t
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ba
s
i
s
o
f
t
he
i
nf
or
m
a
t
ion t
ha
t
t
he
s
y
s
t
e
m
ha
ve
.
A
N
N
i
s
de
ve
l
ope
d
ba
s
e
d
on hum
a
n
br
a
i
n,
w
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c
h
i
s
c
om
pl
e
x,
no
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i
ne
a
r
,
a
n
d c
a
pa
bl
e
of
w
o
r
ki
ng i
n
pa
r
a
l
l
e
l
o
r
i
n
d
i
s
t
r
i
b
u
t
e
d
e
nvi
r
o
nm
e
nt
a
nd
a
l
s
o
c
a
n
pe
r
f
o
r
m
t
he
l
oc
a
l
pr
oc
e
s
s
i
ng
a
n
d
a
da
pt
i
on
o
f
t
h
e
i
nf
or
m
a
t
i
on
a
s
w
e
l
l
.
T
he
f
i
e
l
d s
t
r
e
n
gt
h
pr
e
di
c
t
i
on
i
s
do
ne
be
t
w
e
e
n t
w
o
poi
nt
s
a
nd c
a
n a
l
s
o
be
c
on
s
i
de
r
e
d a
s
a
f
u
nc
t
i
o
n
w
i
t
h s
e
ve
r
a
l
i
np
ut
s
a
n
d a
s
i
ngl
e
o
ut
p
ut
[1
1
],
[1
2
].
T
he
i
np
ut
s
c
o
nt
a
i
n
i
nf
or
m
a
t
i
on a
b
out
t
he
m
obi
l
e
n
o
d
e
s
pe
e
d,
pa
t
h
l
os
s
,
di
s
t
a
nc
e
,
e
t
c
.
,
w
hi
l
e
t
he
o
ut
put
gi
ve
s
t
he
R
S
S
f
o
r
t
h
os
e
i
n
put
s
.
T
he
pr
e
s
e
nt
e
d
a
pp
r
oa
c
h
us
e
m
ult
i
l
a
y
e
r
pe
r
c
e
pt
i
on
(
M
L
P
)
f
o
r
p
r
o
pa
ga
t
i
o
n s
i
m
ul
a
t
i
on t
ha
t
i
s
s
h
ow
n
i
n
t
h
e
F
i
g
u
r
e
4
w
i
t
h
f
o
ur
l
a
y
e
r
s
:
t
he
i
n
p
ut
l
a
y
e
r
,
t
w
o
hi
dde
n
l
a
y
e
r
s
a
n
d
a
n
o
ut
p
ut
l
a
y
e
r
.
T
h
e
ne
ur
o
n
ne
t
w
or
k
i
s
co
m
p
l
et
el
y
i
n
t
er
co
n
n
ect
ed
.
T
h
i
s
m
ean
s
t
h
at
f
eed
f
o
r
w
ar
d
p
r
o
ces
s
i
n
g
o
f
t
h
e A
N
N
i
s
p
o
s
s
i
b
l
e.
T
h
r
ee
d
i
f
f
er
en
t
t
y
pe
s
o
f
s
i
gna
l
s
a
r
e
be
i
n
g
i
de
nt
i
f
i
e
d
i
n
t
hi
s
n
e
t
w
o
rk
:
F
i
g
u
r
e
4
.
F
e
e
d
fo
rw
a
r
d
m
u
l
t
i
l
a
y
e
r
p
e
r
c
e
p
ti
on
(
ML
P
)
a.
T
he
i
n
put
s
i
g
n
a
l
i
s
pr
e
s
e
nt
e
d
a
t
t
he
i
nput
l
a
y
e
r
of
t
he
ne
t
w
o
r
k a
nd
pr
o
p
a
ga
t
e
s
i
n a
f
or
wa
r
d di
r
e
c
t
i
o
n
t
o
r
e
a
c
h t
he
ot
he
r
e
nd o
f
t
he
ne
t
w
o
r
k a
s
out
put
s
i
gna
l
.
E
a
c
h i
np
ut
u
ni
t
r
e
c
e
i
ve
s
t
he
i
n
put
s
i
gna
l
(
pa
t
h l
os
s
,
ve
l
oc
i
t
y
,
a
nd l
oc
a
t
i
on c
oo
r
di
na
t
e
s
of
t
he
m
obi
l
e
n
ode
)
a
n
d t
r
a
ns
m
i
t
s
t
his
s
i
gna
l
t
o a
l
l
hi
d
de
n l
a
y
e
r
s
.
T
h
e
out
put
s
i
g
na
l
i
s
be
i
ng c
om
put
e
d by
a
p
pl
y
i
ng t
he
a
ddi
t
i
o
n of
t
he
w
e
i
gt
hs
o
f
t
he
i
np
u
t
s
i
gna
l
f
or
e
a
c
h
h
i
d
d
e
n
u
n
i
t
i
n
t
h
e
a
c
t
i
v
a
t
i
o
n
f
unc
t
i
o
n.
b.
A
s
t
he
A
N
N i
s
t
he
ba
c
k
p
r
o
pa
ga
t
i
o
n a
l
go
r
i
t
hm
he
nc
e
t
he
e
r
r
or
s
i
g
na
l
s
t
ha
t
a
r
e
ge
ne
r
a
t
e
d a
t
t
he
o
ut
p
ut
l
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y
e
r
pr
o
pa
ga
t
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ba
c
k
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r
ds
f
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om
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ye
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n
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n t
he
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N ne
t
w
o
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s
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s
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n
e
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n
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e
t
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t
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n
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I
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SN
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252
-
88
14
IJ
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g
p
a
t
t
e
r
n
.
Wh
e
re
P
tx
i
s
t
h
e
t
ra
n
s
m
i
t
i
o
n
p
o
w
e
r o
f t
h
e
A
P
(
~2
0
d
Bm
)
,
β
i
s
t
he
pa
t
h l
os
s
e
x
po
ne
nt
(
r
a
n
ge
s
i
nbe
t
w
e
e
n
2
a
nd
5
)
,
χ
σ
i
s
a
G
au
s
s
i
an
d
i
s
t
r
i
b
u
t
e
d
r
an
d
o
m
v
ar
i
a
b
l
e w
i
t
h
a
zer
o
m
ean
an
d
s
t
a
n
d
ar
d
d
ev
i
a
t
i
o
n
(σ
~
12
d
B
)
[
19
],
R
S
S
P
i
r
e
pr
e
s
e
nt
s
r
e
c
e
i
ve
d
s
i
gna
l
s
t
r
e
ngt
h
a
t
e
nt
r
y
poi
nt
,
R
S
S
P
T
i
s
r
e
c
e
i
ve
d s
i
gna
l
s
t
r
e
ngt
h a
t
m
o
bi
l
e
node
c
ur
r
e
nt
p
os
i
t
i
on
P
T,
R
i
s
r
a
d
i
u
s
o
f
W
L
A
N
,
R
P
T
i
s
r
a
d
i
u
s
a
t
p
o
i
n
t
P
T,
P
T
i
s
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
l
o
c
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
m
obi
l
e
node
i
n
W
L
A
N
ne
t
wo
r
k
,
l
OP
i
s
t
he
di
s
t
a
nc
e
be
t
w
e
e
n
p
oi
nt
P
a
nd t
he
A
P
,
l
Opi
i
s
d
i
s
t
a
n
c
e
b
e
t
w
e
e
n
e
nt
r
y
poi
nt
P
i
a
nd
t
he
AP
,
a
nd
l
OPT
i
s
d
i
s
t
an
ce
b
et
w
ee
n
cu
r
r
en
t
l
o
cat
i
o
n
P
T
a
n
d
t
he
A
P
.
3.
3
.
C
a
n
d
i
d
a
t
e
N
e
t
w
o
rk
S
el
ect
i
o
n
T
he
a
va
i
l
a
bl
e
ne
t
wo
r
k de
f
i
ne
s
t
he
c
a
n
di
da
t
e
ne
t
w
or
ks
.
A c
a
n
di
da
t
e
ne
t
w
or
k i
s
de
f
i
ne
d a
s
t
he
ne
t
w
or
k
w
hi
c
h
c
a
n
s
u
p
po
r
t
t
h
e
s
e
r
vi
c
e
s
r
e
q
u
e
s
t
e
d
by
t
he
m
obi
l
e
us
e
r
.
M
i
n
im
u
m
gua
r
a
n
t
e
e
f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n
(
M
G
F
)
i
s
de
f
i
ne
d a
s
t
he
f
u
nc
t
i
o
n w
hi
c
h
de
n
ot
e
s
w
h
e
t
h
e
r
t
he
ne
t
w
or
k
s
up
p
or
t
s
t
he
m
i
nim
u
m
r
e
qui
r
e
m
e
nt
of
t
he
m
obi
l
e
no
de
or
n
ot
.
I
t
i
s
a
f
unc
t
i
on
of
r
e
c
e
i
ve
d s
i
gna
l
s
t
r
e
n
gt
h
,
ba
n
d
w
i
dt
h
,
po
w
e
r
r
e
qui
r
e
m
e
nt
,
s
e
r
vi
c
e
c
os
t
,
a
n
d
v
e
l
o
c
i
t
y
o
f
t
h
e
m
o
b
i
l
e
nod
e
.
T
he
M
i
ni
m
um
gua
r
a
nt
e
e
f
un
c
t
i
on
of
a
ne
t
w
o
r
k
l
i
s
gi
ve
n
by
:
l
l
l
th
l
th
l
th
l
th
m
n
th
M
G
F
f
(
PR
SS
R
S
S
)
f
(
B
W
B
W
)
f
(
PO
PO
)
f
(
C
O
C
O
)
f
(
V
V
)
=
−
∗
−
∗
−∗
−
∗
−
(
12
)
W
h
e
r
e
PR
SS
l
,
B
W
l
, PO
l
,
CO
l,
V
m
n ,
r
e
p
r
e
s
e
nt
s
pr
e
di
c
t
e
d r
e
c
e
i
ve
d s
i
gna
l
s
t
r
e
n
gt
h,
ba
n
dw
i
dt
h,
p
ow
e
r
c
on
s
um
pt
i
on,
s
e
r
vi
c
e
c
os
t
,
a
n
d ve
l
oc
i
t
y
of
a
m
obi
l
e
no
de
i
n
a
n
e
t
wo
rk
l
.
R
S
S
th
,
BW
th
,
PO
th
,
CO
th
,
V
th
ar
e
t
h
e
pr
e
de
f
i
ne
d t
hr
e
s
h
ol
ds
of
r
e
c
e
i
ve
d s
i
g
na
l
s
t
r
e
ngt
h,
ba
n
d
w
i
dt
h,
p
ow
e
r
r
e
q
ui
r
e
m
e
nt
,
s
e
r
v
i
c
e
c
os
t
,
a
n
d v
e
l
oc
i
t
y
of
m
obi
l
e
no
de
t
o
s
u
pp
or
t
t
he
r
e
q
ue
s
t
e
d
s
e
r
vi
c
e
o
f
a
pa
r
t
i
c
ul
a
r
ne
t
w
or
k
l
.
T
he
m
i
nim
u
m
gua
r
a
nt
e
e
f
u
nc
t
i
on i
s
de
f
i
ne
d
a
s
t
he
u
ni
t
s
t
e
p
f
unc
t
i
o
n,
w
h
o
s
e
va
l
ue
i
s
de
f
i
ne
d
a
s
0
or
1 o
n t
h
e
ba
s
i
s
of
t
he
a
r
g
um
e
nt
w
he
t
he
r
t
he
a
r
g
um
e
nt
i
s
ne
g
a
t
i
ve
or
p
os
i
t
i
v
e
.
T
h
e
r
ef
o
r
e,
i
t
can
b
e r
e
p
r
es
e
nt
e
d
a
s
a
uni
t
s
t
e
p f
unc
t
i
o
n [
2
0
]
.
I
f
t
h
e v
al
u
e o
f
a
n
y
p
ar
am
et
er
i
s
l
owe
r
t
ha
n t
h
e
t
hr
e
s
h
ol
d,
t
h
e
n t
he
va
l
ue
o
f
M
GF
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IJ
A
A
S
I
S
S
N
:
225
2
-
88
14
A
No
v
e
l
H
a
n
d
o
f
f
Ne
c
e
s
s
i
t
y
E
s
t
i
m
a
t
i
o
n
A
p
p
r
o
a
c
h
B
a
s
e
d
o
n
T
r
a
v
e
l
l
i
n
g
D
i
s
t
a
n
c
e
(
Jyo
t
i
M
ad
aan
)
1
11
i
s
s
e
t
t
o z
e
r
o.
As
t
he
r
e
s
ul
t
o
f
t
ha
t
,
t
he
c
ur
r
e
nt
ne
t
w
or
k i
s
not
c
ons
i
de
r
e
d
a
s
c
a
ndi
da
t
e
n
e
t
w
o
r
k a
ny
m
or
e
.
E
l
s
e
t
h
e
c
u
rre
n
t
n
e
t
w
o
rk
i
s
a
dde
d
t
o
t
he
c
a
n
di
d
a
t
e
ne
t
w
o
r
k
.
B
y
i
nt
r
od
uc
i
n
g t
he
m
obi
l
e
no
de
ve
l
oc
i
t
y
i
nt
o t
he
m
i
ni
m
u
m
gua
r
a
nt
e
e
f
u
nc
t
i
on
,
t
he
s
e
r
i
ous
pi
n
g
-
po
n
g e
f
f
e
c
t
c
a
n be
e
f
f
i
c
i
e
nt
l
y
e
l
im
i
na
t
e
d.
F
or
e
xa
m
pl
e
,
i
f
m
obi
l
e
no
de
’
s
s
pe
e
d i
s
ov
e
r
1
0
0 km
/
h,
W
L
A
N
c
a
nn
ot
s
up
p
or
t
i
t
s
s
pe
e
d.
H
a
n
do
ve
r
t
o
W
L
A
N
i
n t
ha
t
s
i
t
ua
t
i
on
w
i
l
l
not
w
or
k.
F
o
r
c
e
r
t
a
i
n us
e
r
’
s
t
he
ba
tte
r
y
po
w
e
r
i
s
c
r
uc
i
a
l
.
F
or
e
xa
m
pl
e
,
i
f
t
he
ba
t
t
e
r
y
pow
e
r
i
s
l
ow
t
h
e
n
t
he
m
obi
l
e
ne
t
w
or
k
c
a
n
s
wi
t
c
h
t
o
t
he
ne
t
w
o
r
ks
w
hi
c
h ha
s
l
e
s
s
po
we
r
r
e
q
ui
r
e
m
e
nt
a
s
a
dh
o
c
a
nd B
l
ue
t
oo
t
h ne
t
w
or
k.
S
w
i
t
c
hi
n
g t
o a
ne
t
w
or
k t
ha
t
r
e
qui
r
e
hi
g
he
r
p
o
w
e
r
r
e
qui
r
e
m
e
nt
wi
l
l
not
be
b
e
n
e
f
i
c
i
a
l
i
n
t
h
i
s
.
S
i
n
ce e
q
u
at
i
o
n
(
1
2
)
i
s
q
u
i
t
e s
i
m
p
l
e an
d
t
h
e
es
t
i
m
at
i
o
n
o
f
t
h
e p
a
r
am
et
er
s
can
b
e d
o
n
e e
as
i
l
y
h
en
ce
t
he
t
im
e
c
ons
u
m
pti
on
i
s
ve
r
y
l
ow
i
n
t
he
c
a
s
e
o
f
t
he
p
r
e
-
ha
n
do
f
f
de
c
i
s
i
on
.
4.
M
E
T
H
O
D
O
L
O
G
Y
A
l
g
or
i
t
hm
f
or
t
he
ha
n
d
of
f
ne
c
e
s
s
i
t
y
e
s
t
im
a
ti
on
i
s
s
h
ow
n i
n F
i
g
ur
e
6
.
T
h
e
m
a
t
he
m
a
ti
c
a
l
a
r
gum
e
nt
s
us
e
d t
o e
s
t
i
m
a
te
t
he
ne
c
e
s
s
i
t
y
of
m
a
ki
ng
ha
nd
o
f
f
a
r
e
p
r
e
s
e
nt
e
d
be
l
o
w
.
A
ha
n
d
ove
r
i
s
r
e
qui
r
e
d
,
i
f
o
ne
of
t
h
e
t
w
o
c
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
n
s
i
s
s
a
t
i
s
f
i
e
d
:
a.
T
he
m
obi
l
e
n
o
de
i
s
t
r
a
ve
l
l
i
ng
a
w
a
y
f
r
om
t
he
c
ur
r
e
nt
ne
t
w
or
k a
nd
r
e
c
e
i
v
e
d s
i
g
na
l
s
t
r
e
n
gt
h
f
r
om
m
obi
l
e
no
de
s
t
a
r
t
s
c
o
nt
i
nu
o
us
l
y
de
t
e
r
i
or
a
t
i
n
g.
I
n
o
t
he
r
w
o
r
ds
t
h
e
P
R
S
S
f
r
om
t
he
c
ur
r
e
nt
s
e
r
vi
c
e
d ne
t
w
o
r
k
f
a
l
l
s
be
l
o
w t
he
R
S
S
t
hr
e
s
h
ol
d
o
f
c
ur
r
e
nt
ne
t
w
o
r
k
(
≤
se
r
t
h
,
se
r
PR
SS
R
SS
)
a
n
d
t
he
R
S
S
f
r
om
t
he
ne
i
g
h
bo
r
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
s
s
t
a
r
t
s
i
n
cr
eas
i
n
g
,
w
h
i
ch
m
ean
s
t
h
e
m
o
b
i
l
e
n
o
d
e
i
s
n
ear
t
h
e
b
o
u
n
d
ar
y
ar
ea.
b.
T
he
t
r
a
ve
l
l
i
ng
di
s
t
a
nc
e
of
m
obi
l
e
no
de
i
s
g
r
e
a
t
e
r
t
ha
n
t
he
t
hr
e
s
h
ol
d
t
r
a
ve
l
l
e
d
di
s
t
a
nc
e
.
T
hr
e
s
h
ol
d
t
r
a
ve
l
l
e
d
di
s
t
a
nc
e
r
e
f
e
r
s
t
o
a
m
i
nim
u
m
di
s
t
a
nc
e
t
r
a
ve
l
l
e
d
by
m
obi
l
e
n
ode
i
n
a
ne
t
w
o
r
k
f
or
i
n
i
t
i
a
t
i
n
g
a
h
a
n
d
o
f
f
.
A
b
o
ve
t
w
o e
q
ua
t
i
on
s
,
e
s
t
i
m
a
t
e
s
t
he
ne
c
e
s
s
i
t
y
of
m
a
ki
ng
h
a
nd
o
f
f
i
n
or
de
r
t
o m
i
nim
i
z
e
t
he
ha
n
do
f
f
f
a
i
l
ur
e
a
n
d u
n
ne
c
e
s
s
a
r
y
ha
n
d
of
f
.
I
n t
he
c
a
s
e
t
ha
t
a
bove
t
w
o c
o
ndi
t
i
o
ns
f
a
i
l
s
,
i
t
m
e
a
ns
t
he
m
obi
l
e
node
i
s
not
m
ovi
ng
out
o
f
t
he
c
o
ve
r
a
ge
ar
ea;
t
h
er
e
i
s
n
o
n
eed
t
o
h
a
n
d
o
f
f
.
F
i
gu
r
e
6:
F
l
o
w
c
ha
r
t
of
ha
nd
of
f
ne
c
e
s
s
i
t
y
e
s
t
im
a
ti
on
a
l
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i
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
S
SN
:
2
252
-
88
14
IJ
A
A
S
V
o
l
.
7
,
N
o
.
2
,
J
un
e
201
8
:
105
–
11
6
1
12
T
he
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oba
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l
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t
y
of
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a
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in
2
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[
6
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H
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h
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τ
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tx
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5.
S
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Rd
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IJ
A
A
S
I
S
S
N
:
225
2
-
88
14
A
No
v
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1
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t
w
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t
o W
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k pa
r
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Netwo
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in
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7
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Valu
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W
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AN r
ad
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s
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150 (
m
)
P
a
t
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os
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3
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Path
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co
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19 dB
m
E
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v
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t f
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h
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e t
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to
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e W
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2
Dis
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etween
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e
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o
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A
N acc
es
s
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t wh
en
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ndo
f
f
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c
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s
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h
ys
120
6.
R
ES
U
LTS
A
N
D
AN
A
L
Y
S
I
S
T
o
e
v
al
u
at
e t
h
e p
er
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m
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ce o
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a
p
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en
t
e
d
h
a
n
d
o
f
f
n
ec
es
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i
t
y
es
t
i
m
at
i
o
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al
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o
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i
t
h
m
,
t
h
r
ee m
et
r
i
c
s
,
i
.
e
.
p
r
e
di
c
t
e
d
r
e
c
e
i
ve
d
s
i
gna
l
s
t
r
e
n
gt
h
(
P
R
S
S
)
,
pr
o
ba
bi
l
i
t
y
of
u
nne
c
e
s
s
a
r
y
ha
n
d
of
f
,
a
nd
p
r
o
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l
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t
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nd
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