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[
5
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20
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[
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R
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M
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[
10
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.
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r
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,
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ha
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.
[1
1
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pr
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pos
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d pl
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[
13
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pr
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d
du
a
l b
a
nd
E
-
s
h
ap
ed
r
ad
i
at
i
n
g
s
u
r
f
a
ce
b
ac
k
t
o
b
ac
k
a
n
t
en
n
a
t
h
at
can
b
e
em
b
ed
d
ed
i
n
t
he
l
a
pt
o
ps
a
nd
o
bs
e
r
ve
d
t
w
o
f
r
eq
u
e
n
ci
e
s
can
be
t
u
ne
d
a
t
1.
2
t
o
3
.
5
G
Hz
,
f
r
e
que
nc
y
.
I
n
20
0
7,
K
ha
l
e
gh
hi
[1
5
]
de
s
c
r
i
be
d
dua
l
ba
n
d
a
nt
e
n
na
ha
vi
n
g
m
e
a
nde
r
l
i
ne
w
i
t
h
ba
c
ke
d
g
r
o
u
nd
pl
a
ne
f
o
r
W
L
A
N
a
n
d m
e
a
s
ur
e
d
1
1%
a
n
d
6%
i
m
pe
da
nc
e
ba
n
dw
i
dt
h
f
or
l
o
we
r
a
n
d
u
ppe
r
r
e
s
ona
nc
e
f
r
e
que
nc
y
.
L
at
t
er
,
W
o
n
g
et
al
.
[1
6
]
de
s
i
gne
d a
nt
e
n
na
i
n s
uc
h a
wa
y
t
ha
t
na
r
r
ow
s
t
r
i
p ge
ne
r
a
t
e
hi
g
he
r
f
r
e
que
nc
y
ba
n
ds
w
he
r
e
a
s
ot
he
r
ge
ne
r
a
t
e
l
o
w
e
r
f
r
e
q
ue
nc
y
ba
n
d
a
nd
a
nt
e
nna
wo
r
k
fo
r
p
e
r
s
o
n
n
e
l
a
s
s
i
s
t
a
n
t
(P
D
A
)
.
I
n
ye
a
r
200
8,
C
h
a
ng
[1
7
] p
re
s
e
n
t
ed
c
o
m
p
act
v
er
t
i
cal
p
at
ch
an
t
en
n
a f
o
r
W
L
A
N
o
p
er
a
t
i
o
n
.
L
at
t
er
,
Ca
l
l
a
g
h
a
n
a
n
d
Ba
t
c
h
e
l
o
r
[
18
]
pr
op
os
e
d
di
s
k
s
ha
pe
d a
nt
e
n
n
a
w
i
t
h s
h
o
r
t
i
ng
wa
l
l
a
t
t
he
e
d
ge
s
o
f
t
he
pa
t
c
h a
n
d
f
u
n
d
am
en
t
al
m
o
d
e
s
i
s
g
en
e
r
at
ed
at
3
7
m
m
o
f
ai
r
as
s
u
b
s
t
r
at
e.
I
n
y
e
a
r
20
0
9,
L
i
u
a
n
d
C
he
n
[
19
]
de
m
ons
t
r
a
t
e
d
t
wi
n
s
t
e
ppe
d
pa
t
c
h
r
a
di
a
t
o
r
s
f
or
W
L
A
N
a
ppl
i
c
a
t
i
o
ns
.
A
ft
e
r t
h
e
n
,
Wa
n
g
e
t
a
l
.
[2
0
]
d
e
s
i
gne
d e
l
e
c
t
r
o
m
a
gne
t
i
c
a
l
l
y
c
ou
pl
e
d a
nt
e
nn
a
f
o
r
d
ua
l
b
a
n
d o
pe
r
a
t
i
on
w
h
i
c
h i
s
a
p
p
l
i
c
a
b
l
e
f
o
r
s
a
t
e
l
l
i
t
e
c
o
m
m
u
n
i
cat
i
o
n
s
.
L
at
t
er
,
H
e
[
21
]
p
r
es
en
t
ed
a
hi
g
h
ga
i
n
a
nt
e
n
na
w
a
s
de
s
i
gne
d
o
f
a
f
or
k
f
o
r
W
L
A
N
a
p
p
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
.
I
n
ye
a
r
201
0,
H
s
u
[
22
]
pr
e
s
e
nt
e
d E
-
s
ha
pe
d
pa
t
c
h a
nt
e
n
na
ha
vi
n
g t
w
o r
e
s
on
a
t
i
ng f
r
e
qu
e
nc
y
a
t
2.
4
a
nd
3.
5 G
H
z
f
or
w
i
r
e
l
e
s
s
c
o
m
m
uni
c
a
t
i
on.
L
a
t
t
e
r
,
S
ha
nm
uga
na
nt
ha
m
a
nd R
a
g
ha
r
a
n
[2
3
]
pr
opo
s
e
d
a n
o
v
el
s
qu
a
r
e
pa
t
c
h
a
nt
e
n
na
f
o
r
ba
n
dw
i
dt
h
i
m
pr
o
v
e
m
e
nt
a
nd
s
i
z
e
r
e
duc
t
i
o
n
of
t
h
e
a
nt
e
n
na
.
I
n
ye
a
r
2
011
,
P
e
n
g a
nd
R
ua
n
[2
4
]
p
r
e
s
e
nt
e
d a
n a
nt
e
n
na
f
or
B
l
ue
t
o
ot
h a
nd
DC
S
a
p
pl
i
c
a
t
i
ons
w
h
i
c
h
ha
s
be
e
n
o
bt
a
i
ne
d
f
r
om
dua
l
i
n
ve
r
t
e
d
L
-
s
ha
p
e
d s
tub a
nd a
n
te
n
n
a
is
e
xc
i
t
e
d
t
h
o
u
g
h
a
m
i
c
r
o
s
t
r
i
p
l
i
n
e
f
e
d
.
T
h
er
ea
f
t
er
,
S
i
m
an
d
C
ai
[
25
-
26
]
d
e
s
i
g
n
e
d
m
i
c
r
o
s
t
r
i
p
-
f
ed
p
o
l
y
g
o
n
s
l
o
t
s
t
r
u
ct
u
r
e f
o
r
w
i
r
el
es
s
l
o
c
al
ar
ea
ne
t
w
or
k a
ppl
i
c
a
t
i
ons
a
nd l
oa
de
d
na
r
r
ow
s
l
o
t
s
on
r
e
c
t
a
n
gul
a
r
pa
t
c
h w
hi
c
h
ha
s
L
-
g
e
o
m
e
t
r
i
c
s
l
i
t
s
f
o
r
w
i
r
e
l
e
s
s
a
p
p
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
s
.
E
s
f
a
h
l
a
n
i
[2
7
]
de
m
ons
t
r
a
t
e
d
t
he
f
r
e
qu
e
nc
y
r
a
t
i
o
o
f
4.
75
c
a
n be
o
bt
a
i
ne
d f
r
om
pr
i
nt
e
d
pa
t
c
h
a
nt
e
n
na
w
hi
l
e
a
ppl
y
i
n
g c
oa
xi
a
l
f
e
d a
n
d s
h
o
r
t
i
ng
pi
n o
n t
h
e
r
a
di
a
t
i
ng
pa
t
c
h.
M
a
a
n
d R
o
w
[
28
]
de
s
i
g
ne
d t
he
dua
l
ba
nd
pa
t
c
h a
nt
e
n
na
w
h
i
c
h ha
s
t
w
o di
e
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
s
ub
s
t
r
a
t
e
ove
r
l
a
p
pe
d
e
a
c
h
ot
he
r
a
n
d e
xc
i
t
e
d vi
a
a
s
m
a
co
n
n
ect
o
r
.
I
n 20
1
2
,
Li
[
29
]
pr
op
os
e
d d
ua
l
ba
n
d a
nt
e
n
na
t
ha
t
ha
s
L
-
s
ha
pe
d a
nd a
r
c
-
s
ha
pe
d s
t
u
b a
s
r
a
di
a
t
i
ng
s
t
r
u
ct
u
r
e w
h
er
eas
L
u
o
[3
0
]
r
ep
o
r
t
ed
d
u
al
b
an
d
an
t
e
n
n
a
f
o
r
w
i
r
el
es
s
a
p
p
l
i
cat
i
o
n
s
w
h
i
c
h
h
a
s L
-
s
ha
pe
d
s
l
ot
s
.
L
eal
et
al
.
[3
1
]
pr
o
vi
de
d
t
he
e
f
f
e
c
t
i
ve
w
a
y
o
f
r
e
d
uc
i
n
g
s
i
z
e
o
f
t
he
pa
t
c
h
a
nt
e
nna
u
s
i
n
g
U
-
s
ha
pe
d
r
e
s
ona
t
o
r
.
I
n
ye
a
r
201
3,
L
e
e
[3
2
]
pr
op
o
s
e
d t
he
t
e
c
h
ni
q
ue
s
f
o
r
s
i
z
e
r
e
duc
t
i
o
n a
n
d w
i
de
f
r
e
que
nc
y
o
n m
i
c
r
os
t
r
i
p
an
t
en
n
as
d
es
i
g
n
.
F
u
r
t
h
e
r
,
An
s
a
ri
e
t
a
l
.
[3
3
]
p
r
o
p
os
e
d
t
he
a
n
a
l
y
s
i
s
of
di
s
k
s
ha
pe
d
a
nt
e
n
na
wi
t
h
L
-
s
t
r
i
p
f
e
e
d
i
n
g
us
i
n
g m
e
t
hod
of
m
ove
m
e
nt
a
nd c
i
r
c
ui
t
t
he
or
y
c
onc
e
pt
s
.
A
f
t
e
r
t
ha
t
,
M
o
os
a
z
a
de
h a
n
d
E
s
m
a
t
i
[3
4
]
p
r
es
en
t
ed
t
h
e
s
m
a
l
l
p
l
a
n
a
r
m
i
c
r
o
s
t
r
i
p
-
f
e
d
s
qu
a
r
e
r
a
di
a
t
or
us
i
ng
s
l
ot
t
e
d
c
on
d
uc
t
o
r
ba
c
ke
d
pl
a
ne
.
I
n y
e
a
r
20
1
4,
t
r
a
pe
z
oi
da
l
s
ha
pe
d
a
nt
e
nna
w
a
s
p
r
o
p
os
e
d b
y
B
one
y
[
35
]
w
hi
c
h ha
s
ha
l
f
gr
o
un
d a
n
d
a
nt
e
n
na
i
s
e
xc
i
t
e
d
by
t
he
m
e
a
nde
r
l
i
ne
f
e
d.
F
ur
t
he
r
,
A
dda
c
i
[3
6
]
p
r
o
p
os
e
d
a
n
a
nt
e
n
na
f
or
dua
l
ba
n
d
o
pe
r
a
t
i
on
w
h
i
c
h
h
a
s
P
IF
As
t
h
at
ar
e
p
l
a
ced
cl
o
s
ed
t
o
e
ach
o
t
h
e
r
.
I
n
y
e
a
r
2
01
5,
L
i
u
[3
7
]
pr
e
s
e
nt
e
d t
he
de
s
i
g
n o
f
s
t
a
c
ke
d E
-
a
nd
U
-
s
ha
pe
d pa
t
c
he
s
t
o
p
r
o
d
uc
e
d
ua
l
ba
n
d a
t
2.
6 a
n
d 3.
5 G
Hz
wi
t
h pe
a
k ga
i
n
of
7.
1 a
n
d 7.
4 dB
i
.
F
ur
t
he
r
,
W
a
ng
[3
8
]
i
l
l
u
s
t
r
a
t
e
d
t
h
e
p
a
t
c
h
a
n
t
e
n
n
a
d
e
s
i
g
n t
ha
t
i
s
ut
i
l
i
z
e
d f
o
r
w
i
r
e
l
e
s
s
c
om
m
uni
c
a
t
i
ons
,
t
he
ge
om
e
t
r
y
i
s
not
c
he
s
l
oa
de
d
t
ha
t
he
l
p i
n
pr
ovi
di
n
g
dua
l
ba
nd
a
t
1.
45
a
n
d
2.
3
5
G
H
z
.
I
n
ye
a
r
20
16
,
G
uh
a
a
nd
Kum
a
r
[3
9
]
h
a
v
e
d
em
o
n
s
t
r
at
ed
t
h
e c
o
m
p
ar
i
s
o
n
b
et
w
een
d
i
el
e
ct
r
i
c r
es
o
n
at
o
r
a
nd pa
t
c
h
a
nt
e
nna
us
i
n
g di
f
f
e
r
e
nt
f
e
e
di
n
g t
e
c
hni
que
s
.
T
he
y
de
s
i
gne
d t
he
pa
t
c
h a
nt
e
n
na
on c
i
r
c
ul
a
r
ge
om
e
t
r
y
a
nd r
e
s
on
a
t
or
on s
ol
i
d
cy
l
i
n
d
er
.
L
at
er
o
n
,
S
ab
a
p
at
h
y
[4
0
]
de
s
i
gn
pa
t
c
h
a
nt
e
n
na
of
Y
a
gi
U
da
s
ha
pe
d w
i
t
h
d
ef
ect
e
d
g
r
o
u
n
d
an
d
a
n
al
y
s
i
s
t
h
e a
n
t
en
n
a
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce b
y
v
ar
y
i
n
g t
he
p
a
r
a
s
i
t
i
c
e
l
e
m
e
n
t
s
.
F
u
r
t
h
e
r
,
W
.
-
Q
.
Ca
o
[
41
]
h
a
ve
de
s
i
gne
d
t
he
a
nt
e
n
na
of
m
us
hr
o
om
s
ha
pe
d
on
c
i
r
c
ul
a
r
pa
t
c
h
t
ha
t
i
s
u
t
i
l
i
z
e
d f
o
r
du
a
l
ba
nd
ope
r
a
t
i
o
n a
n
d
a
c
hi
e
ve
d t
he
ope
r
a
t
i
n
g f
r
e
que
nc
y
a
t
4
.
4
2 G
Hz
a
nd
5
.
7
4
G
Hz
.
T
h
e
re
a
ft
e
r,
S
a
l
i
h
a
n
d
S
h
a
ra
wi
[4
2
] d
e
s
i
gne
d c
om
pa
c
t
U
-
s
ha
pe
d p
a
t
c
h a
nt
e
n
na
on
R
oge
r
R
O
43
5
0 di
e
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
s
u
bs
t
r
a
t
e
w
i
t
h
de
f
e
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7
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pt
.
S
in
gh
[
50
]
pr
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d t
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d.
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in
gh
[
51
]
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na
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d t
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.
[
5
2
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pr
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d
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s
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[
53
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p
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L
i
u
[
54
]
r
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p
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dua
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ba
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99
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[
55
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[
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w
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pe
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ha
s
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p
r
o
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os
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r
y
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a
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but
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t
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l
l
t
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r
e
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s
m
or
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pos
s
i
bi
l
i
t
y
of
m
or
e
pa
t
c
h a
nt
e
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na
t
o
be
de
s
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g
ne
d
f
or
di
f
f
e
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e
nt
s
h
a
pe
s
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n
d ge
o
m
e
t
r
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s
.
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ur
t
he
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t
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e
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pos
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f
o
r
pa
t
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h a
nt
e
n
na
s
.
T
he
a
ppl
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
of
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he
pa
t
c
h
a
nt
e
n
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i
s
a
l
s
o
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on
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i
de
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a
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i
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.
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s
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m
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c
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ow
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ve
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ds
.
R
EF
ER
E
N
C
ES
[1]
D.
D.
G
re
i
g
a
n
d H
.
F
.
E
ngl
e
m
a
n,
“
M
i
c
ros
t
ri
p
-
a
ne
w
t
r
a
ns
m
i
s
s
i
on t
e
c
hn
i
que
f
or t
he
ki
l
om
e
ga
c
y
c
l
e
ra
ng
e
,
”
P
r
o
ceed
i
n
g
I
R
E
,
40,
pp.
1644
-
16
50
,
1952
.
[2]
G
. A
. D
es
ch
am
p
s
, "
M
i
cr
o
s
t
r
i
p
m
i
cr
o
w
av
e
an
t
en
n
as
,"
3
rd
U
S
A
F
S
y
m
pos
i
um
on
A
nt
e
nna
s
,
1953.
[3]
B.
K
.
P
a
nde
y
,
A
.
K
.
P
a
nde
y
,
S
B
Cha
kra
ba
r
t
y
,
S
K
ul
s
hre
s
t
ha
,
A
L
S
ol
a
nki
,
a
nd
S
.
B.
S
ha
rm
a
,
“
D
ua
l
fre
qu
e
n
c
y
s
i
ngl
e
a
p
e
rt
ure
m
i
c
ros
t
ri
p a
nt
e
n
na
e
l
e
m
e
nt
for S
A
R a
ppl
i
c
a
t
i
ons
,
”
I
E
T
E
T
ech
n
i
ca
l
R
e
vi
ew
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V
ol
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2
3,
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T
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aag
en
s
o
n
,
S
. N
o
g
h
an
i
an
,
P
d
. L
eo
n
,
an
d
Y
i
-
hs
i
a
ng Cha
ng,
“
T
e
xt
i
l
e
a
nt
e
nna
s
for s
pa
c
e
s
ui
t
a
ppl
i
c
a
t
i
ons
:
D
e
s
i
gn,
s
i
m
ul
a
t
i
on,
m
a
nufa
c
t
ur
i
ng,
a
nd
t
e
s
t
i
ng
of t
e
xt
i
l
e
p
a
t
c
h a
nt
e
nn
a
s
for s
pa
c
e
s
u
it a
p
p
li
c
a
tio
n
s
,
”
I
E
EE
A
nt
e
nnas
and
P
r
opagat
i
on Maga
z
i
ne
,
V
ol
.
57
,
pp
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64
-
73,
2015.
[5]
N
.
F
a
y
y
a
z
,
E
.
S
hi
n a
nd S
.
S
.
N
a
e
i
ni
,
“
A
nove
l
d
ua
l
ba
nd pa
t
c
h a
n
t
e
nna
for G
S
M
b
a
nd,
”
A
n
t
e
nna a
nd P
r
opagat
i
on
f
or
wi
r
e
l
e
s
s
Com
m
uni
c
at
i
ons
,
I
E
E
E
-
A
P
S
co
n
f
.,
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156
-
159
,
N
o
v.
19
9
8.
[6]
J.
-
Y
.
J
a
n,
“
L
ow
profi
l
e
dua
l
fr
e
que
nc
y
c
i
rc
ul
a
r m
i
c
ros
t
ri
p a
nt
e
nna
for dua
l
I
S
M
ba
nds
,
”
Ele
c
tr
o
n
ic
s
L
e
tte
r
,
V
ol
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1000,
A
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[7]
H
.
T
.
Ch
e
n,
K
.
L
W
ong a
nd T
.
W
.
Chi
ou,
“
P
IF
A
w
i
t
h a
m
e
a
nd
e
re
d a
nd fo
l
de
d
pa
t
c
h for
t
he
du
a
l
ba
nd m
obi
l
e
phone
a
pp
l
i
c
at
i
o
n
,”
I
E
E
E
T
r
ans
.
A
nt
e
nna
P
r
opag
at
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,
V
ol
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S
e
pt
.
2003
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S
.
Y
.
L
i
n
a
nd K
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C.
H
ua
ng
,
“
A
c
om
pa
c
t
m
i
c
ros
t
ri
p a
nt
e
nna
for
G
P
S
a
nd D
CS
a
ppl
i
c
a
t
i
on
,
”
IE
E
E
T
r
ans
.
A
nt
e
nnas
and P
r
opagat
.
,
V
ol
.
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1227
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1229,
M
a
r.
200
5.
[9]
J
. W
. W
u
, Y
. D
. W
an
g
a
nd J
.
H
.
L
u,
“
N
ove
l
d
ua
l
broa
db
a
nd r
e
c
t
a
ngul
a
r s
l
o
t
a
nt
e
nna
for 2
.
4/
5
-
GHz
wi
r
e
l
e
ss
c
om
m
uni
c
a
t
i
on,
”
Mi
c
r
ow.
O
pt
.
T
e
c
hnol
.
L
e
t
t
.
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V
ol
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1,
A
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Y
.
S
.
Z
he
ng a
n
d S
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J
.
F
a
ng,
“
D
ua
l
ba
nd re
c
t
a
n
gul
a
r pa
t
c
h a
nt
e
nna
w
i
t
h a
pa
i
r
of L
-
s
ha
pe
s
l
ot
s
for
W
L
AN f
o
r
A
ppl
i
c
a
t
i
on,
”
Mi
c
r
owav
e
,
A
nt
e
nn
a,
pr
opagat
i
on and E
MC T
e
c
hnol
ogi
e
s
f
or
Wi
r
e
l
e
s
s
Com
m
uni
c
at
i
ons
,
IE
E
E
In
t
.
Sy
m
p.
,
V
ol
.
1
,
pp
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185
-
187
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A
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2005.
[11]
D
.
C.
Cha
ng,
C.
B.
Cha
ng a
nd J
.
C.
L
i
u,
“
M
odi
fi
e
d pl
a
na
r qua
s
i
-
Y
a
gi
a
nt
e
nn
a
for W
L
A
N
dua
l
ba
nd ope
ra
t
i
o
n
s,
”
Mi
c
r
ow.
O
pt
.
T
e
c
hnol
.
L
e
t
t
.
,
V
ol
.
46,
pp
.
443
-
446
,
S
e
pt
.
2005.
[12]
Ki
n
-
L
u W
ong,
Y
ua
n
-
Chi
h L
i
n a
nd T
i
ng
-
Chi
h
T
s
e
ng,
“
T
hi
n i
nt
e
rna
l
G
S
M
/
D
C
S
pa
t
c
h a
nt
e
nna
for a
port
a
bl
e
m
o
b
i
l
e
t
e
r
m
i
n
a
l
,
”
A
n
t
e
nna
and P
r
opagat
i
on,
I
E
E
E
T
r
ans
.
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V
ol
.
5
4,
pp
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238
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242
,
J
a
n.
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J
. Y
. S
ze, C
. I
. G
. H
s
u
an
d
J
. J
.
J
i
ao
, “
C
P
W f
ed
ci
r
cu
l
ar
s
l
o
t
an
t
e
n
n
a w
i
t
h
s
l
i
t
b
ac
k
-
pa
t
c
h for 2.
4/
5
G
H
z
dua
l
ba
nd
ope
ra
t
i
on,
”
E
l
e
ct
r
o
n
i
cs
L
et
t
er
s
,
V
ol
.
42,
pp.
563
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56
4,
M
a
y
2006.
[14]
J
.
G
ut
e
rm
a
n,
Y
.
R.
S
a
m
i
i
,
A
.
A
.
M
ore
i
ra
a
nd
C.
P
e
i
xe
i
ro
,
“
Q
ua
s
i
om
ni
di
re
c
t
i
ona
l
du
a
l
ba
nd ba
c
k
-
to
-
b
ack
E
-
s
ha
pe
d pa
t
c
h
a
nt
e
nna
for
l
a
pt
op
a
ppl
i
c
a
t
i
ons
,
”
Ele
c
tr
o
n
ic
s
L
e
tte
r
s
,
V
ol
.
42,
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845
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847,
J
ul
y
2006
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[15]
A
.
K
ha
rl
e
ghi
,
“
D
ua
l
ba
nd m
e
a
n
de
r l
i
ne
a
n
t
e
nn
a
for w
i
re
l
e
s
s
L
A
N
c
om
m
uni
c
a
t
i
on,
”
IE
E
E
T
r
ans
.
A
nt
e
nna and
P
r
opagat
.
,
V
ol
.
5
5,
pp
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1004
-
10
09
,
M
a
r
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2007
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[16]
Ki
n
-
l
u W
ong,
Y
ua
n
-
Chi
h a
nd Bra
i
n Che
n,
“
Int
e
rna
l
pa
t
c
h a
nt
e
n
na
w
i
t
h a
t
hi
n a
i
r l
a
y
e
r s
ubs
t
ra
t
e
for G
S
M
/
D
CS
ope
ra
t
i
on i
n
a
P
D
A
phone
,
”
A
nt
e
nna and
P
r
opagat
i
on,
IE
E
E
T
r
ans
.
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V
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1172,
A
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2007.
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F
. S
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h
an
g
, K
. C
.
C
h
ao
, C
.
H
. L
u
a
nd S
.
W
.
S
u,
“
Com
pa
c
t
v
e
rt
i
c
a
l
pa
t
c
h a
nt
e
nna
for d
ua
l
ba
nd
W
L
A
N
ope
ra
t
i
on,
”
El
ec
t
r
o
n
i
c
s
L
e
t
t
e
r
s
,
V
ol
.
44,
pp.
612
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61
3,
M
a
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2008.
[18]
P
.
Ca
l
l
a
gh
a
n a
n
d J
.
C.
Ba
t
c
hl
or
,
“
D
ua
l
ba
nd pi
n
pa
t
c
h a
n
t
e
nna
f
or W
i
-
F
i a
p
p
lic
a
tio
n
s
,
”
A
nt
e
nna
s
and Wi
r
e
l
e
s
s
P
r
opagat
i
on L
e
t
t
e
r
s
,
IE
E
E
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r
a
n
s
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W
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C.
L
i
u a
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.
K
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Che
n,
“
D
ua
l
ba
nd t
w
i
n s
t
e
pp
e
d
-
pa
t
c
h m
onopol
e
a
n
t
e
nn
a
for
W
L
A
N
a
ppl
i
c
a
t
i
on,
”
Ele
c
tr
o
n
ic
s
Le
t
t
.,
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09.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IJ
A
A
S
I
S
S
N
:
225
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-
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14
R
evi
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ual
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an
d
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i
c
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os
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r
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nt
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or
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r
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s
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i
c
at
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on
s
(
R
ak
e
s
h
K
um
ar
B
aj
p
ai
)
1
49
[20]
Z
hongba
o W
a
ng,
S
ha
oj
un F
a
ng,
S
hi
qui
a
ng F
u,
a
nd S
ha
nw
e
i
L
u,
“
D
ua
l
ba
nd p
robe
-
fe
d s
t
a
c
k
e
d pa
t
c
h a
nt
e
nna
for
G
N
S
S
ap
p
l
i
cat
i
o
n
s
,”
A
n
t
e
nnas
an
d Wi
r
e
l
e
s
s
P
r
opag.
L
e
t
t
.
,
I
E
E
E
,
V
ol
.
8,
pp.
100
-
1
03,
2009
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[21]
X
.
H
e
,
S
.
H
ong,
H
.
X
i
ong,
Q
.
Z
ha
ng a
nd E
.
M
.
M
.
T
e
nt
z
e
ri
s
,
“
D
e
s
i
gn of nove
l
hi
gh ga
i
n dua
l
b
a
nd a
nt
e
nn
a
for
W
L
A
N
ap
p
l
i
c
at
i
o
n
s
,”
A
n
t
en
nas
a
nd Wi
r
e
l
e
s
s
P
r
opagat
i
on L
e
t
t
e
r
s
,
IE
E
E
,
V
ol
.
8,
p
p.
798
-
801
,
200
9.
[22]
He
n
g
-
T
an
g
H
s
u
, F
an
g
-
Y
a
o K
u
o,
a
nd
P
i
ng
-
H
ung L
u,
“
D
e
s
i
gn of W
i
F
i
/
W
i
M
A
X
dua
l
ba
nd
E
-
s
ha
pe
d p
a
t
c
h
a
nt
e
nn
a
s
t
hroug
h c
a
v
i
t
y
m
ode
l
a
pproa
c
h,
”
M
i
cr
o
w
. O
p
t
.
T
ech
n
o
l
.
L
et
t
.
,
V
ol
.
52
,
pp
.
471
-
474,
F
e
b
.
2
010.
[23]
T
.
S
ha
nm
uga
na
nt
ha
m
a
nd S
.
R
a
ga
ha
v
a
n,
“
A
n
ove
l
dua
l
ba
nd s
qua
re
pa
t
c
h
a
nt
e
nna
for w
i
r
e
l
e
s
s
a
ppl
i
c
a
t
i
ons
,
”
Mi
c
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ow.
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“
A
m
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c
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ri
p f
e
d p
a
t
c
h a
nt
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nna
w
i
t
h
t
w
o pa
ra
s
i
t
i
c
i
nv
e
rt
L
s
t
ubs
for d
ua
l
-
b
a
n
d
W
L
AN
a
ppl
i
c
a
t
i
ons
,
”
W
i
r
e
l
e
s
s
P
e
r
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F
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Re
c
t
a
ngul
a
r
s
l
ot
a
nt
e
nna
d
e
s
i
gn
w
i
t
h t
w
o
L
-
sh
a
p
e
d
sl
i
t
s f
o
r
W
L
AN/
W
i
MA
X
a
ppl
i
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t
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ons
,
”
M
i
c
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ow.
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c
ros
t
ri
p
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fe
d pol
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l
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a
nt
e
nna
de
s
i
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L
A
N
a
ppl
i
c
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da
,
“
A
c
om
pa
c
t
s
i
ngl
e
-
l
ay
e
r
d
ua
l
-
ba
nd
m
i
c
ros
t
r
i
p a
nt
e
nna
f
or
s
at
el
l
i
t
e ap
p
l
i
cat
i
o
n
s
,”
A
n
t
e
nnas
a
nd Wi
r
e
l
e
s
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P
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L
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d
J
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he
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n R
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,
“
D
e
s
i
gn of
S
i
ngl
e
-
F
eed
D
u
al
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F
re
que
nc
y
P
a
t
c
h A
nt
e
nna
for G
P
S
a
nd W
L
A
N
A
ppl
i
c
at
i
o
n
s
,
”
A
nt
e
nnas
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r
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on,
IE
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J
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an
g
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A
nove
l
co
m
p
act
dua
l
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ba
nd
a
n
t
e
nna
for
WL
A
N
a
ppl
i
c
a
t
i
ons
,
”
M
i
c
r
ow.
O
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T
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nol
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Z
ha
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,
“
A
dua
l
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w
i
de
b
a
nd
a
nt
e
nna
w
i
t
h
an
op
e
n
L
-
sl
o
t
for
W
L
AN/
W
i
MA
X
a
ppl
i
c
a
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ons
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”
M
i
c
r
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ea
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A
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i
r
ad
o
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M
e
nde
z
a
ndR
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A
c
e
vo
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rre
r
a
,
“
Re
duc
e
d m
i
c
ros
t
r
i
p s
l
ot
m
ul
t
i
ba
nd
a
nt
e
nn
a
w
i
t
h A
U
-
s
ha
pe
d re
s
on
a
t
or for W
L
A
N
a
ppl
i
c
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ons
,
”
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c
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ow.
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i
at
u
r
i
zed
d
u
al
-
ba
nd
a
nt
e
nna
for w
i
re
l
e
s
s
l
o
c
a
l
ar
ea n
et
w
o
r
k
,”
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i
c
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g
h
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rm
a
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A
na
l
y
s
i
s
of L
-
s
ha
pe
d s
l
ot
l
oa
de
d
c
i
rc
ul
a
r di
s
k pa
t
c
h a
nt
e
nna
for s
a
t
e
l
l
i
t
e
a
nd ra
di
o t
e
l
e
c
om
m
u
ni
c
a
t
i
on,
”
W
i
r
e
l
e
ss P
e
rso
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a
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Com
m
uni
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Com
pa
c
t
re
c
onf
i
gura
bl
e
d
u
a
l
fre
que
nc
y
m
i
c
ros
t
ri
p pa
t
c
h a
n
t
e
nn
a
for 3G
a
nd 4G
m
obi
l
e
c
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m
uni
c
a
t
i
on t
e
c
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i
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s
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c
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B
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ad
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“
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ua
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ra
pe
z
o
i
da
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a
nt
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nna
w
i
t
h pa
rt
i
a
l
ground a
n
d
m
e
a
nde
r l
i
n
e
fe
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d for G
P
S
a
nd W
IM
A
X
a
ppl
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c
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t
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M
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cr
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y
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n
i
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, “
D
u
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ba
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N
m
ul
t
i
a
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nn
a
s
ys
t
e
m
a
nd di
ve
rs
i
t
y
/
M
IM
O
pe
rfo
rm
a
nc
e
e
v
a
l
ua
t
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e
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fe
e
d dua
l
l
a
y
e
r du
a
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ba
nd
E
s
ha
pe
d a
nd U
-
s
l
ot
pa
t
c
h
a
nt
e
n
na
for w
i
re
l
e
s
s
c
om
m
uni
c
a
t
i
on a
ppl
i
c
a
t
i
on,
”
IE
E
E
A
nt
e
nna
an
d
Wi
r
e
l
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s
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P
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A
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ba
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n
s
l
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t
a
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e
nna
w
i
t
h d
ua
l
ba
nd
c
i
r
c
ul
a
r pol
a
ri
z
a
t
i
on,
”
IE
E
E
A
nt
e
nnas
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r
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h ve
rs
us
di
e
l
e
c
t
ri
c
re
s
ona
t
or a
nt
e
nna
be
a
ri
ng a
l
l
c
om
m
on us
e
d fe
e
ds
:
A
n
e
xpe
ri
m
e
nt
a
l
s
t
u
d
y
t
o c
hoos
e
ri
g
ht
e
l
e
m
e
nt
s
,
”
IE
E
E
A
n
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an
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hm
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M
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R.
K
a
m
a
ru
di
n,
a
nd
P
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J
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S
oh,
“
A
ground pl
a
ne
t
runc
a
t
e
d
,
broa
dl
y
s
t
e
e
ra
b
l
e
Y
a
gi
-
U
da
p
a
t
c
h a
rra
y
a
nt
e
nna
,
”
IE
E
E
A
n
t
e
nna
s
and Wi
r
e
l
e
s
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Q
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u
l
a
r pa
t
c
h a
nt
e
n
na
w
i
t
h br
oa
dba
nd uni
di
r
e
c
t
i
on
a
l
l
i
n
e
a
r
l
y
pol
a
ri
z
e
d a
nd o
m
ni
di
re
c
t
i
ona
l
c
i
rc
ul
a
rl
y
pol
a
ri
z
e
d c
ha
r
a
c
t
e
ri
s
t
i
c
s
,
”
IE
T
Mi
c
r
ow
av
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A
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A
dua
l
ba
nd hi
ghl
y
m
i
ni
a
t
uri
z
e
d pa
t
c
h
a
nt
e
nn
a
,
”
IE
E
E
A
nt
e
nna
s
and Wi
r
e
l
e
s
s
P
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i
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u
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l
b
a
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t
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c
ke
d
a
nnul
a
r
s
l
ot
/
p
a
t
c
h a
nt
e
nna
fo
r o
m
ni
di
re
c
t
i
ona
l
r
a
di
a
t
i
on,
”
I
E
E
E
A
nt
e
nna
s
a
nd
W
i
re
l
e
s
s
P
ropa
ga
t
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X
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h
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Z
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Y
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ei
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W
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u
an
, “
L
o
w
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profi
l
e
du
a
l
ba
nd fi
l
t
e
ri
ng p
a
t
c
h
a
nt
e
nna
a
nd
i
t
s
a
ppl
i
c
a
t
i
on
t
o
L
T
E
MI
MO s
y
st
e
m
,
”
I
E
E
E
T
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ans
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A
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w
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an
d
M
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a
n
t
eg
h
i
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“
P
a
ra
l
l
e
l
ge
ne
t
i
c
a
l
go
ri
t
h
m
opt
i
m
i
z
a
t
i
on
of a
dua
l
ba
nd
pa
t
c
h
a
nt
e
nna
fo
r w
i
re
l
e
s
s
c
om
m
uni
c
a
t
i
ons
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”
IE
E
E
T
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ans
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A
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S
hi
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ra
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B.
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s
hva
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r
m
a
,
“
A
na
l
y
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t
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O
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ar
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p l
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e
fe
d dua
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ba
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nn
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for
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N
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ppl
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c
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nna
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w
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4
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nd T
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ha
pe
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m
ono
pol
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a
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nn
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U
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nn
as
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c
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m
m
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u
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fe
d w
i
de
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s
l
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Int
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nc
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rc
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t
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a
g a
nt
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nna
d
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s
i
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di
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fre
que
nc
y
i
de
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i
fi
c
a
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i
on (RF
ID
)
a
ppl
i
c
a
t
i
on,
”
P
r
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e
s
s
In E
l
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c
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pri
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e
d di
ve
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i
t
y
a
n
t
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n
na
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A
X
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A
N
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i
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g
re
ss
In E
l
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E
D
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nn
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for p
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rs
ona
l
m
obi
l
e
c
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m
m
uni
c
a
t
i
on s
e
rvi
c
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(P
CS
) a
nd
bl
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i
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l
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p
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fe
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b
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nna
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4/
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8 G
H
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A
N
ap
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K
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,
“
Com
pa
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t
du
a
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ba
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m
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t
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p
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nna
for
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802.
11a
W
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A
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u
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nd
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h
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N
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Ma
x
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m
i
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y
co
u
p
l
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i
c
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p a
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for Bl
ue
t
oot
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W
i
M
a
x,
a
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W
L
A
N
a
ppl
i
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a
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”
IE
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