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8814
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ip
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iato
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w
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w
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IJ
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8814
Mo
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w
er
e
u
s
ed
f
o
r
th
e
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
o
f
b
u
ild
i
n
g
m
o
d
el.
Sev
er
al
a
n
a
l
y
s
i
s
u
s
e
d
i
n
t
h
i
s
s
t
u
d
y
ar
e
C
o
n
f
ir
m
a
to
r
y
F
ac
t
o
r
An
a
l
y
s
i
s
(
C
F
A)
,
D
i
s
cr
i
m
i
n
a
n
t
Va
lid
it
y
,
P
at
h
An
a
l
y
s
i
s
,
Str
u
ct
u
r
a
l
E
q
u
a
tio
n
Mo
d
e
li
n
g
(
SEM
)
a
n
d
C
h
i
Sq
u
ar
e
te
s
t.
Co
nfir
m
a
t
o
ry
F
a
ct
o
r
Ana
ly
s
is
(
CF
A
)
is
a
s
p
ec
ial
f
o
r
m
o
f
f
ac
to
r
an
al
y
s
is
,
m
o
s
t
co
m
m
o
n
l
y
u
s
ed
i
n
s
o
cial
r
esear
ch
(
Ah
m
ad
Naz
im
,
2
0
1
3
)
.
I
t
is
d
if
f
er
en
t
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
E
x
p
lo
r
ato
r
y
Facto
r
A
n
al
y
s
i
s
(
E
F
A
)
s
in
ce
i
t
is
u
s
ed
to
test
w
h
e
th
er
m
ea
s
u
r
es
o
f
a
co
n
s
tr
u
ct
co
n
s
is
te
n
t
w
it
h
a
r
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ch
er
'
s
u
n
d
er
s
ta
n
d
in
g
o
f
th
e
n
a
tu
r
e
o
f
th
at
co
n
s
tr
u
ct
(
o
r
f
ac
to
r
)
.
As
s
u
c
h
,
t
h
e
o
b
j
ec
tiv
e
o
f
C
F
A
is
to
test
w
h
e
th
er
t
h
e
d
ata
f
it
a
h
y
p
o
th
e
s
ized
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
e
n
t
m
o
d
el.
Mo
d
el
f
it
m
ea
s
u
r
es
co
u
ld
t
h
en
b
e
o
b
tain
ed
to
ass
es
s
h
o
w
w
ell
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
o
d
el
ca
p
tu
r
ed
th
e
co
v
ar
ia
n
ce
b
et
wee
n
all
t
h
e
ite
m
s
o
r
m
e
as
u
r
es
in
t
h
e
m
o
d
el
(
Z
ai
n
u
d
in
,
2
0
1
2
)
.
A
ll
r
ed
u
n
d
a
n
t
ite
m
s
e
x
is
t
i
n
a
la
ten
t
co
n
s
tr
u
ct
w
ill
b
e
eit
h
er
r
e
m
o
v
ed
o
r
co
n
s
tr
ain
ed
(
Ah
m
ad
Naz
i
m
,
2
0
1
3
)
.
Mo
d
el
f
it
n
es
s
esti
m
atio
n
s
ar
e
as f
o
llo
w
s
:
T
ab
le
1
.
M
o
d
el
f
itn
es
s
esti
m
a
tio
n
N
a
me
o
f
C
a
t
e
g
o
r
y
N
a
me
o
f
I
n
d
e
x
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e
v
e
l
o
f
A
c
c
e
p
t
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n
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e
L
i
t
e
r
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t
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F
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t
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r
L
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d
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n
g
S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
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z
e
d
R
e
g
r
e
ssi
o
n
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e
i
g
h
t
W
e
i
g
h
t
>
0
.
5
H
e
i
r
e
t
a
l
(
2
0
0
6
)
A
b
so
l
u
t
e
F
i
t
C
h
i
sq
P
>
0
.
.
0
5
W
h
e
a
t
o
n
e
t
a
l
.
(
1
9
7
7
)
R
M
S
EA
R
M
S
EA
<
0
.
0
8
B
r
o
w
n
e
a
n
d
C
u
d
e
c
k
(
1
9
9
3
)
G
F
I
G
F
I
>
0
.
9
Jo
r
e
sk
o
g
a
n
d
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o
r
b
o
m
(
1
9
8
4
)
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n
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r
e
me
n
t
a
l
F
i
t
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G
F
I
A
G
F
I
>
0
.
9
T
a
n
a
k
a
a
n
d
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u
b
a
(
1
9
8
5
)
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F
I
C
F
I
>
0
.
9
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e
n
t
l
e
r
(
1
9
9
0
)
TLI
TLI
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0
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e
n
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e
r
a
n
d
B
o
n
e
t
t
(
1
9
8
0
)
N
F
I
N
F
I
>
0
.
9
B
o
l
l
e
n
(
1
9
8
9
)
P
a
r
si
mo
n
i
o
u
s F
i
t
C
h
i
sq
/
d
f
C
h
i
sq
/
d
f
<
5
.
0
M
a
r
s
h
a
n
d
H
o
c
e
v
a
r
(
1
9
8
5
)
Dis
cr
i
m
i
na
nt
v
a
lid
it
y
is
t
h
e
d
eg
r
ee
to
w
h
ic
h
s
co
r
es o
n
a
test
d
o
n
o
t c
o
r
r
elate
w
it
h
s
co
r
es
f
r
o
m
o
th
er
test
s
t
h
at
ar
e
n
o
t
d
esi
g
n
ed
to
ass
ess
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
co
n
s
tr
u
ct.
C
o
r
r
elatio
n
co
ef
f
icie
n
ts
b
et
w
ee
n
m
ea
s
u
r
es
o
f
a
co
n
s
tr
u
ct
a
n
d
m
ea
s
u
r
e
s
o
f
co
n
ce
p
tu
all
y
d
i
f
f
er
e
n
t
co
n
s
tr
u
ct
s
ar
e
u
s
u
all
y
g
i
v
e
n
as
ev
id
e
n
ce
o
f
d
is
cr
i
m
i
n
a
n
t
v
alid
it
y
.
I
f
th
e
co
r
r
elatio
n
co
ef
f
icien
t
i
s
h
ig
h
(
>0
.
8
5
)
,
th
en
th
e
d
i
s
cr
i
m
in
a
n
t
v
alid
it
y
i
s
c
o
n
s
id
er
ed
as
w
ea
k
,
d
ep
en
d
in
g
o
n
t
h
e
t
h
eo
r
etica
l
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
an
d
t
h
e
m
a
g
n
it
u
d
e
o
f
th
e
co
ef
f
icie
n
t
(
Z
ai
n
u
d
i
n
,
2
0
1
2
)
.
On
th
e
o
th
e
r
h
an
d
,
i
f
th
e
co
r
r
elatio
n
s
ar
e
lo
w
to
m
o
d
er
ate,
th
i
s
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
a
tes th
at
t
h
e
m
ea
s
u
r
e
h
as d
i
s
cr
im
i
n
an
t
v
alid
it
y
.
C
o
r
r
elatio
n
co
ef
f
icien
t =
√
W
h
er
e:
=
co
r
r
elatio
n
b
etw
ee
n
x
an
d
y
=
r
eliab
ilit
y
o
f
x
=
r
eliab
il
it
y
o
f
y
P
a
t
h
Ana
ly
s
is
ca
n
test
t
h
e
s
ig
n
if
ican
ce
o
f
m
ed
iato
r
v
ar
iab
le
in
lin
k
in
g
i
n
d
ep
en
d
en
t
v
ar
iab
les
to
d
ep
en
d
en
t
v
ar
iab
le
o
r
s
i
m
p
l
y
ca
lled
as
m
ed
iat
io
n
test
.
I
t
c
an
d
eter
m
in
e
t
h
e
e
x
is
te
n
ce
o
f
d
ir
ec
t
an
d
i
n
d
ir
ec
t
ef
f
ec
t
o
f
i
n
d
ep
en
d
en
t
v
ar
iab
l
e
to
w
ar
d
s
d
ep
en
d
en
t
v
ar
iab
l
e.
Us
u
all
y
i
n
SP
SS
/
A
NO
V
A,
th
e
co
n
v
en
t
io
n
al
r
eg
r
ess
io
n
n
ee
d
s
to
b
e
an
al
y
ze
d
s
ep
ar
ately
i
n
o
r
d
er
to
d
eter
m
in
e
t
h
e
m
ed
iati
n
g
ef
f
ec
t.
Ho
wev
er
in
A
MO
S,
th
e
r
eg
r
ess
io
n
eq
u
atio
n
s
ca
n
b
e
r
u
n
s
i
m
u
lta
n
eo
u
s
l
y
i
n
o
n
e
d
iag
r
a
m
.
T
h
er
e
ar
e
th
r
ee
ty
p
e
s
o
f
m
e
d
iatio
n
w
h
ic
h
ar
e:
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8814
IJ
AA
S
Vo
l.
3
,
No
.
4
,
Dec
em
b
er
201
4
:
17
2
–
17
7
174
a)
C
o
m
p
lete
m
ed
iatio
n
:
Occ
u
r
wh
en
th
e
i
n
d
ep
en
d
en
t
v
ar
iab
le
l
in
k
s
to
w
ar
d
s
th
e
d
ep
en
d
en
t
v
a
r
iab
le
o
n
l
y
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
m
ed
iato
r
v
ar
iab
le
an
d
th
er
e
i
s
n
o
d
ir
ec
t
e
f
f
ec
t
o
f
in
d
ep
en
d
e
n
t
v
ar
iab
le
to
w
ar
d
s
d
ep
en
d
en
t
v
ar
iab
le.
b)
P
ar
tial
m
ed
iatio
n
:
Occ
u
r
w
h
en
in
d
ep
en
d
en
t
v
ar
iab
le
lin
k
s
to
w
ar
d
s
th
e
d
ep
en
d
en
t
v
ar
iab
le
th
r
o
u
g
h
m
ed
iato
r
v
ar
iab
le
a
n
d
t
h
er
e
is
also
a
d
ir
ec
t
e
f
f
ec
t
o
f
in
d
ep
en
d
e
n
t
v
ar
iab
le
to
w
ar
d
s
d
ep
en
d
e
n
t
v
ar
iab
le.
c)
No
m
ed
iatio
n
:
Occ
u
r
w
h
e
n
i
n
d
ep
en
d
en
t
v
ar
iab
le
d
o
es
n
o
t
li
n
k
to
t
h
e
d
ep
en
d
e
n
t
v
ar
iab
le
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
m
ed
iato
r
v
ar
iab
le
b
u
t h
a
s
a
d
ir
ec
t e
f
f
ec
t to
w
ar
d
s
d
ep
en
d
en
t v
ar
iab
le.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Me
d
iatio
n
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
Fig
u
r
e
ab
o
v
e
s
h
o
w
s
th
e
e
x
a
m
p
le
o
f
m
ed
iatio
n
tes
t.
x
1
ac
ts
as
in
d
ep
en
d
e
n
t
v
ar
iab
le,
y
2
ac
t
s
as
m
ed
iato
r
v
ar
iab
le
an
d
y
1
ac
ts
as
d
ep
en
d
en
t
v
ar
iab
le.
I
n
m
ed
iatio
n
test
,
t
h
e
d
ir
ec
t/in
d
ir
ec
t
e
f
f
ec
t
o
f
x
1
to
w
ar
d
s
y
1
ca
n
b
e
d
eter
m
in
ed
.
T
he
Str
uct
ura
l
E
q
ua
t
io
n
M
o
delin
g
o
r
p
o
p
u
lar
k
n
o
w
n
a
s
SEM
is
a
s
ec
o
n
d
g
e
n
er
atio
n
s
tatis
tical
an
al
y
s
is
tech
n
iq
u
e
s
d
ev
elo
p
ed
f
o
r
an
al
y
zi
n
g
t
h
e
i
n
ter
-
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
s
a
m
o
n
g
m
u
ltip
le
v
ar
iab
l
es
in
a
m
o
d
el.
T
h
e
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
s
a
m
o
n
g
v
ar
iab
les
co
u
ld
b
e
ex
p
r
ess
ed
in
a
s
er
i
es
o
f
s
i
n
g
le
an
d
m
u
ltip
le
r
eg
r
ess
io
n
eq
u
a
tio
n
s
.
SEM
tech
n
iq
u
e
e
m
p
lo
y
s
t
h
e
c
o
m
b
i
n
atio
n
o
f
q
u
an
titati
v
e
a
n
d
th
e
co
r
r
elatio
n
al
o
r
ca
u
s
al
a
s
s
u
m
p
tio
n
s
i
n
to
t
h
e
m
o
d
el
(
Z
ain
u
d
i
n
,
2
0
1
2
)
.
SE
M
ca
n
in
d
ir
ec
tl
y
e
s
ti
m
ates
t
h
e
ite
m
s
u
n
d
er
laten
t
co
n
s
tr
u
ct
in
d
iv
id
u
all
y
.
L
ate
n
t
co
n
s
tr
u
ct
is
t
h
e
v
ar
iab
le
w
h
ic
h
ca
n
‟
t
b
e
m
ea
s
u
r
e
d
ir
ec
tl
y
s
i
n
ce
it
i
s
o
n
l
y
a
h
y
p
o
t
h
etica
l
c
o
n
ce
p
t
o
f
a
r
esear
ch
.
L
ate
n
t
co
n
s
tr
u
c
t
is
a
ls
o
k
n
o
wn
as
u
n
o
b
s
er
v
ed
v
ar
iab
le
s
,
it
i
s
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
u
s
i
n
g
a
s
e
t
o
f
i
te
m
s
in
a
q
u
es
tio
n
n
air
e.
T
h
e
u
s
e
o
f
SEM
i
s
al
s
o
a
b
le
to
m
o
d
el
t
h
e
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
a
m
o
n
g
th
e
s
e
co
n
s
tr
u
c
ts
an
d
an
a
l
y
ze
th
e
m
s
i
m
u
lt
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IJ
AA
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N:
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8814
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I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8814
IJ
AA
S
Vo
l.
3
,
No
.
4
,
Dec
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b
er
201
4
:
17
2
–
17
7
176
to
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IJ
AA
S
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8814
Mo
d
elin
g
th
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I
n
flu
en
tia
l F
a
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s
o
f 8
th
Gra
d
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s
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a
th
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tics
A
ch
ieve
men
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n…
(
A
h
ma
d
N
a
z
im
)
177
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
A
h
m
a
d
Na
z
i
m
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
A
Co
m
p
a
riso
n
Be
tw
e
e
n
Ord
in
a
ry
L
e
a
st
S
q
u
a
re
(OL
S
)
A
n
d
S
tr
u
c
tu
ra
l
Eq
u
a
ti
o
n
M
o
d
e
li
n
g
(S
EM
)
M
e
t
h
o
d
s
In
Esti
m
a
ti
n
g
T
h
e
In
f
lu
e
n
c
ial
F
a
c
to
rs
Of
8
th
G
ra
d
e
s
S
tu
d
e
n
t‟s
M
a
th
e
m
a
ti
c
s
A
c
h
ie
v
e
m
e
n
t
In
M
a
la
y
sia
,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
S
c
ien
ti
fi
c
a
n
d
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
Res
e
a
rc
h
(
IJ
S
ER
)
,
2
0
1
3
,
V
o
l
.
4
,
No
.
7.
[2
]
A
h
m
a
d
Na
z
i
m
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
A
ss
e
ss
in
g
T
h
e
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id
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e
n
sio
n
a
li
ty
,
Re
li
a
b
il
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,
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li
d
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y
A
n
d
F
it
n
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ss
Of
In
flu
e
n
ti
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l
F
a
c
to
r
s
Of
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th
G
ra
d
e
s
S
tu
d
e
n
t‟s
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a
t
h
e
m
a
ti
c
s
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c
h
iev
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t
In
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a
lay
si
a
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ter
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t
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n
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l
J
o
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rn
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l
Of
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n
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d
Res
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a
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h
M
a
th
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ma
ti
c
s (
IJ
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)
,
2
0
1
3
,
Vo
l
.
1
,
No
.
5.
[3
]
A
h
m
a
d
Na
z
i
m
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
A
Co
m
p
a
riso
n
b
e
tw
e
e
n
In
d
iv
id
u
a
l
Co
n
f
irma
to
ry
F
a
c
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r
A
n
a
l
y
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a
n
d
P
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l
e
d
Co
n
f
irm
a
to
r
y
F
a
c
to
r
A
n
a
l
y
sis:
A
n
A
n
a
l
y
sis
o
f
L
ib
ra
r
y
S
e
rv
ice
Qu
a
li
t
y
,
A
Ca
se
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tu
d
y
A
t
A
P
u
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li
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n
iv
e
rsity
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ra
r
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in
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g
a
n
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,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
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n
a
l
J
o
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r
n
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l
Of
En
g
in
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S
c
ien
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e
a
n
d
In
n
o
v
a
ti
v
e
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
(
IJ
ES
IT
)
,
2
0
1
4
,
V
o
l
.
3
,
No
.
1.
[4
]
A
n
d
e
rso
n
,
e
t
a
l.
,
"
S
o
m
e
M
e
th
o
d
s
f
o
r
Re
sp
e
c
i
fy
in
g
M
e
a
su
re
m
e
n
t
M
o
d
e
l
s
to
Ob
tai
n
Un
id
im
e
n
s
io
n
a
l
Co
n
stru
c
t
M
e
a
su
re
m
e
n
t,
"
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
M
a
rk
e
ti
n
g
Res
e
a
rc
h
,
1
9
8
2
,
p
p
.
4
5
3
-
4
6
0
.
[5
]
A
n
d
e
rso
n
J.
C.
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
S
tr
u
c
tu
ra
l
Eq
u
a
ti
o
n
M
o
d
e
li
n
g
in
P
ra
c
ti
c
e
:
A
Re
v
ie
w
a
n
d
a
Re
c
o
m
m
e
n
d
e
d
T
w
o
-
S
tep
A
p
p
ro
a
c
h
,
”
Psy
c
h
o
l
o
g
ica
l
Bu
ll
e
ti
n
,
1
9
8
8
,
Vo
l.
1
0
3
,
N
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
4
1
1
-
4
2
3
.
[6
]
Ba
ro
n
R.
M
.
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
T
h
e
m
o
d
e
ra
to
r
-
m
e
d
iato
r
v
a
riab
le
d
isti
n
c
ti
o
n
in
s
o
c
ial
p
sy
c
h
o
lo
g
ica
l
re
se
a
r
c
h
:
Co
n
c
e
p
tu
a
l
,
stra
teg
ic,
a
n
d
sta
ti
stica
l
c
o
n
sid
e
ra
ti
o
n
s
,”
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
Per
so
n
a
li
ty
a
n
d
S
o
c
ia
l
Psy
c
h
o
lo
g
y
,
1
9
8
6
,
Vo
l
.
51
,
No
.
6,
p
p
.
1
1
7
3
-
1
1
8
2
.
[7
]
Be
n
tl
e
r
P.
M.
,
“
Co
m
p
a
ra
ti
v
e
f
it
in
d
e
x
e
s in
stru
c
t
u
ra
l
m
o
d
e
ls
,”
Psy
c
h
o
lo
g
ica
l
Bu
l
letin
,
1
9
9
0
,
V
o
l.
1
0
7
,
p
p
.
2
3
8
-
2
4
6
.
[8
]
Bo
ll
e
n
K.
A.
,
“
A
n
e
w
in
c
re
m
e
n
tal
f
it
in
d
e
x
f
o
r
g
e
n
e
ra
l
stru
c
tu
ra
l
e
q
u
a
ti
o
n
m
o
d
e
ls
,”
S
o
c
io
l
o
g
ic
a
l
M
e
th
o
d
s
a
n
d
Res
e
a
rc
h
,
1
9
8
9
,
V
o
l
.
1
7
,
p
p
.
3
0
3
-
3
1
6
.
[9
]
B
y
rn
e
B.
M
.
,
“
S
tru
c
tu
ra
l
Eq
u
a
t
io
n
M
o
d
e
li
n
g
w
it
h
A
M
OS:
Ba
sic
Co
n
c
e
p
ts,
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s,
a
n
d
P
r
o
g
ra
m
m
in
g
,
M
a
h
w
a
h
,
”
Ne
w
J
e
rs
e
y
:
L
a
wre
n
c
e
Erlb
a
u
m A
ss
o
c
i
a
tes
,
2
0
0
1
.
[1
0
]
Dia
n
a
D.
S
u
h
r.
,
“
Cit
in
g
W
e
b
sites
,
”
Exp
lo
ra
t
o
ry
o
r C
o
n
f
irma
to
ry
F
a
c
to
r A
n
a
lys
is
,
2
0
0
1
.
[1
1
]
F
o
rn
e
ll
,
e
t
a
l.
,
"
Ev
a
lu
a
ti
n
g
S
tr
u
c
tu
ra
l
Eq
u
a
ti
o
n
M
o
d
e
ls
w
it
h
Un
o
b
se
rv
a
b
le
V
a
riab
les
a
n
d
M
e
a
su
re
m
e
n
t
Err
o
r,
"
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
M
a
rk
e
ti
n
g
Res
e
a
rc
h
,
1
9
8
1
,
p
p
.
39
-
5
0
.
[1
2
]
Ha
ir
J.
F
.
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
M
u
lt
iv
a
riate
Da
ta A
n
a
l
y
sis
,”
6
th
e
d
it
io
n
.
U
p
p
e
r S
a
d
d
le R
ive
r
,
Ne
w
Je
rs
e
y
:
P
re
n
t
ice
Ha
ll
,
2
0
0
6
.
[1
3
]
Hu
L
.
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
Cu
t
o
ff
c
rit
e
ria
fo
r
f
it
in
d
e
x
e
s
in
c
o
v
a
rian
c
e
stru
c
tu
re
a
n
a
l
y
sis:
Co
n
v
e
n
ti
o
n
a
l
c
rit
e
ria
v
e
r
su
s
n
e
w
a
lt
e
rn
a
ti
v
e
s,”
S
tru
c
tu
ra
l
Eq
u
a
t
io
n
M
o
d
e
li
n
g
,
1
9
9
9
,
V
o
l
.
6
,
No
.
1,
p
p
.
1
-
5
5
.
[1
4
]
T
a
n
a
k
a
J.
S.
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
A
f
it
in
d
e
x
fo
r
c
o
v
a
rian
c
e
stru
c
tu
re
m
o
d
e
ls
u
n
d
e
r
a
rb
it
ra
ry
GL
S
e
sti
m
a
ti
o
n
,”
Brit
ish
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
M
a
th
e
ma
ti
c
a
l
a
n
d
Psy
c
h
o
lo
g
y
,
1
9
8
5
,
V
o
l
.
38
,
p
p
.
1
9
7
-
2
0
1
.
[1
5
]
Zain
u
d
in
A.
,
“
Re
se
a
rc
h
M
e
th
o
d
o
lo
g
y
a
n
d
Da
ta
A
n
a
l
y
sis
,”
5
th
Ed
it
io
n
.
S
h
a
h
A
la
m:
Un
ive
rs
it
i
T
e
k
n
o
lo
g
i
M
AR
A
Pu
b
li
c
a
ti
o
n
Ce
n
tre
(
UiT
M
Pre
ss
)
,
2
0
1
2
.
B
I
O
G
RAP
H
Y
O
F
AUTHO
R
A
h
m
a
d
Na
z
i
m
A
i
m
ra
n
is
a
S
tatist
icia
n
a
t
Na
ti
o
n
a
l
P
o
p
u
latio
n
a
n
d
F
a
m
il
y
De
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t
Bo
a
rd
o
f
M
a
la
y
sia
.
He
p
u
rsu
e
d
h
is
M
a
ste
r‟s
in
S
c
ien
c
e
(M
.
S
c
.
)
M
a
th
e
m
a
ti
c
s
S
tatisti
c
s
a
t
Un
iv
e
r
siti
M
a
la
y
sia
Tere
n
g
g
a
n
u
(UMT
),
M
a
la
y
sia
a
n
d
Ba
c
h
e
lo
r
i
n
S
c
ien
c
e
(B.
S
c
.
)
S
tatisti
c
s
d
e
g
re
e
a
t
Un
iv
e
rsiti
T
e
k
n
o
lo
g
i
M
A
R
A
(UiT
M
),
M
a
la
y
sia
.
S
in
c
e
Ba
c
h
e
lo
r,
h
e
is
a
n
a
c
ti
v
e
f
a
c
il
it
a
to
r
f
o
r
S
P
S
S
a
n
d
A
M
OS
w
o
rk
sh
o
p
a
t
th
e
u
n
iv
e
rsit
y
.
Du
rin
g
th
e
m
a
ste
r
'
s
lev
e
l,
h
e
is
a
d
e
m
o
n
stra
to
r
f
o
r
Ba
c
h
e
lo
r
o
f
F
in
a
n
c
ial
M
a
th
e
m
a
ti
c
s
stu
d
e
n
ts
i
n
ti
m
e
se
ries
a
n
d
f
o
re
c
a
stin
g
su
b
jec
t
a
n
d
a
n
in
f
o
rm
a
l
c
o
n
su
lt
a
n
t
f
o
r
S
o
c
ial
S
c
ien
c
e
s,
S
tatisti
c
s,
Eco
n
o
m
ic
a
n
d
o
th
e
r
M
a
ste
r‟s
a
n
d
P
h
D
stu
d
e
n
ts
o
f
UMT
.
His
m
a
in
a
b
il
it
y
is
in
Co
n
v
e
n
ti
o
n
a
l
(Ord
i
n
a
r
y
)
a
n
d
S
tru
c
tu
ra
l
Eq
u
a
ti
o
n
M
o
d
e
li
n
g
(S
EM
)
–
S
e
c
o
n
d
G
e
n
e
ra
ti
o
n
S
tatisti
c
a
l
m
e
th
o
d
s.
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