I
nte
rna
t
io
na
l J
o
urna
l o
f
Adv
a
nces in Applie
d Science
s
(
I
J
AAS)
Vo
l.
3
,
No
.
2
,
J
u
n
e
201
4
,
p
p
.
87
~
94
I
SS
N:
2252
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8814
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4
In
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Fac
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I
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8814
IJ
AA
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Vo
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3
,
No
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2
,
J
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2
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1
4
:
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–
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g
in
to
co
n
tact
w
ith
h
ig
h
-
m
o
is
tu
r
e
f
o
o
d
m
ater
ials
s
u
ch
as
f
r
esh
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r
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ltu
r
al
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r
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d
u
ce
.
A
b
s
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p
tio
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o
f
m
o
is
tu
r
e
r
ed
u
ce
s
p
h
y
s
ical
an
d
m
ec
h
an
ical
s
tr
en
g
th
o
f
th
e
p
ap
er
b
o
ar
d
s
,
ca
u
s
in
g
co
r
r
u
p
tio
n
o
f
b
o
x
es
d
u
r
in
g
s
to
r
ag
e
an
d
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
.
Su
r
f
ac
e
tr
ea
tm
en
ts
s
u
ch
as
s
izin
g
an
d
co
atin
g
ar
e
u
s
u
ally
u
s
ed
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
p
h
y
s
ical
s
tr
en
g
th
as w
ell
as w
ater
b
ar
r
ier
p
r
o
p
er
ties
.
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h
e
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
o
f
w
ater
v
ap
o
r
an
d
g
as
tr
an
s
f
er
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
ap
er
s
tr
ea
ted
b
y
ca
len
d
er
in
g
an
d
co
atin
g
w
as
clea
r
ly
o
b
s
er
v
ed
b
y
(
A
n
d
er
s
s
o
n
et
al.
2
0
0
2
c;
Du
r
y
-
B
r
u
n
et
al.
2
0
0
6
;
Sch
u
m
an
et
al.
2
0
0
4
a,
b
)
.
I
n
co
n
tr
ast
,
th
e
ef
f
ec
ts
o
f
ca
len
d
er
in
g
,
im
p
r
eg
n
atio
n
an
d
/o
r
co
atin
g
tr
ea
tm
en
ts
o
n
ar
o
m
a
co
m
p
o
u
n
d
t
r
an
s
f
er
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
ap
er
p
ac
k
ag
in
g
w
er
e
litt
le
s
tu
d
ied
.
(
C
h
alier
et
al.
2
0
0
7
)
h
av
e
s
h
o
w
n
th
at
a
g
lu
ten
lay
er
w
as
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
in
d
ec
r
ea
s
in
g
th
e
tr
an
s
f
er
o
f
tw
o
m
eth
y
l
k
eto
n
es
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
ap
er
co
ated
w
ith
a
w
h
ea
t
g
lu
ten
s
o
lu
tio
n
.
No
w
ad
ay
s
p
ap
er
-
p
u
lp
is
p
r
ac
tic
ally
co
m
p
letely
r
ec
y
clab
le
an
d
co
n
s
id
er
ed
as
an
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tally
f
r
ien
d
ly
m
ater
ial.
T
h
e
u
s
e
o
f
p
ap
er
-
p
u
lp
p
ac
k
ag
in
g
h
as
b
ec
o
m
e
m
o
r
e
attr
ac
tiv
e,
th
an
tr
ad
itio
n
al
r
aw
m
ater
ials
(
b
ag
ass
e
an
d
r
ice
s
tr
aw
,
etc…)
d
u
e
to
lo
w
p
r
ice
o
f
r
ec
y
cled
p
ap
er
,
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
b
en
ef
i
ts
s
u
ch
as
b
io
d
eg
r
ad
ab
ilit
y
(
Srid
ac
h
et
al.
2006
;
Yaj
u
n
2
0
0
4
;
Yaj
u
n
&
Xu
ej
u
n
2
0
0
3
)
,
an
d
lo
w
co
s
t
o
f
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
.
So
,
th
e
tr
ea
tm
en
t
o
f
r
ec
y
cled
ca
r
to
n
b
y
u
s
in
g
d
if
f
er
en
t
ty
p
es
o
f
p
o
ly
m
er
s
w
as
u
s
ed
v
ia
tw
o
d
if
f
er
en
t
tech
n
iq
u
es:
eith
er
th
r
o
u
g
h
d
ip
p
in
g
th
e
s
h
ee
ts
o
r
d
u
r
in
g
its
m
ak
in
g
(
Nad
a
et
al.
1
9
9
6
)
.
I
m
p
r
eg
n
atio
n
o
f
p
ap
er
s
h
ee
ts
in
p
o
ly
m
er
s
o
lu
tio
n
is
a
co
m
m
o
n
m
eth
o
d
f
o
r
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
m
ec
h
an
ical
p
r
o
p
er
ties
as
w
ell
as
w
ater
ab
s
o
r
p
tio
n
o
f
p
ap
er
s
h
ee
ts
(
Nad
a
et
al.
2
0
0
5
)
.
C
o
atin
g
o
f
p
ap
er
s
h
ee
ts
w
ith
o
r
g
an
ic
p
o
ly
m
er
ic
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
ar
e
u
s
ed
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
p
ap
er
s
h
ee
ts
p
r
o
p
er
ties
.
2.
E
XP
E
R
I
M
E
NT
A
L
2
.
1
.
P
re
pa
ra
t
io
ns
o
f
M
M
A
/
B
uA
a
nd
St
/
B
uA
Co
po
ly
m
er
L
a
t
ex
us
ing
t
he
S
em
i
C
o
ntinuo
us
P
ro
ce
s
s
f
o
r
T
re
a
t
m
ent
o
f
R
ec
y
cled
C
a
rt
o
n
S
heet
s
T
h
e
em
u
ls
io
n
co
p
o
ly
m
er
izatio
n
o
f
b
u
ty
l
ac
r
y
late
(
B
u
A
)
w
ith
s
ty
r
en
e
(
St)
o
r
w
ith
m
eth
y
l
m
eth
ac
r
y
late
(
MM
A
)
w
ith
f
ee
d
m
o
n
o
m
er
co
m
p
o
s
itio
n
1
:2
0
h
av
in
g
s
o
lid
co
n
ten
t
ca
.
2
0
%
±
2
%
w
er
e
p
r
ep
ar
ed
b
y
s
em
ico
n
tin
o
u
s
tech
n
iq
u
e
at
7
0
◦
C
w
ith
m
ec
h
an
ical
s
tirr
in
g
5
0
0
r
p
m
.
T
h
e
r
ea
ctio
n
w
as
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
in
a
5
0
0
m
l
th
r
ee
n
ec
k
ed
r
ea
ctio
n
f
lask
eq
u
ip
p
ed
w
ith
a
r
ef
lu
x
co
n
d
en
s
er
,
s
tirr
er
,
an
d
tw
o
s
ep
ar
atin
g
f
u
n
n
els.
T
h
e
f
ir
s
t
f
ee
d
w
as
th
e
ad
d
itio
n
o
f
th
e
p
r
e
-
em
u
ls
io
n
(
B
u
A
w
ith
St
o
r
MM
A
)
w
ith
d
o
d
ec
y
l
b
en
ze
n
e
s
o
d
iu
m
s
u
lp
h
o
n
ate
(
DB
SS
)
an
d
o
cty
l
p
h
en
o
l
eth
o
x
y
lated
)
.
T
h
e
o
th
er
f
ee
d
f
o
r
th
e
in
itiato
r
s
o
lu
tio
n
.
T
h
ese
tw
o
f
ee
d
s
w
er
e
ad
d
ed
d
r
o
p
w
is
e
th
r
o
u
g
h
a
p
er
io
d
o
f
tim
e
th
r
ee
h
o
u
r
s
to
th
e
f
lask
w
h
ich
co
n
tain
ed
p
ar
t
o
f
s
o
lu
b
le
co
-
em
u
ls
if
ier
,
s
o
lu
b
le
in
itiato
r
an
d
a
s
m
all
am
o
u
n
t
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
e
-
em
u
ls
io
n
.
A
t
th
e
en
d
,
th
e
latex
is
co
o
led
d
o
w
n
to
r
o
o
m
tem
p
er
atu
r
e.
A
ll
th
e
in
g
r
ed
ien
ts
an
d
th
eir
am
o
u
n
ts
ar
e
g
iv
en
in
T
ab
le
1
(
B
ad
r
an
et
al.
1
9
9
7
)
.
T
ab
le
1
.
T
h
e
r
ec
ip
e
o
f
p
r
ep
ar
a
tio
n
o
f
B
u
A
/M
M
A
an
d
B
u
A
/
S
t c
o
p
o
ly
m
er
latices
I
n
g
r
e
d
i
e
n
t
A
mo
u
n
t
(
g
)
W
a
t
e
r
4
0
0
B
u
A
5
St
95
MMA
95
D
o
d
e
c
y
l
b
e
n
z
e
n
e
so
d
i
u
m s
u
l
p
h
n
o
a
t
e
a
s e
mu
l
si
f
i
e
r
3
O
c
t
y
l
p
h
e
n
o
l
e
t
h
o
x
y
l
a
t
e
d
0
.
7
5
P
o
t
a
ssi
u
m
p
e
r
su
l
p
h
a
t
e
a
s i
n
i
t
i
a
t
o
r
3
.
3
7
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IJ
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Mech
a
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l a
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r
o
p
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f R
ec
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led
C
a
r
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h
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ts
T
r
ea
ted
w
ith
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(
M.
A
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l
-
S
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ma
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y)
89
2
.
2
.
T
re
a
t
m
e
nt
o
f
Rec
y
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Ca
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o
n
w
it
h
Co
po
ly
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er
L
a
t
ex
B
uA/M
M
A
a
n
d
B
u
A/St
t
hro
ug
h
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w
o
T
ec
hn
i
qu
e
s
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2
.
1
.
Dipp
ing
T
ec
h
niq
ue
T
h
e
s
h
ee
ts
o
f
t
h
e
r
ec
y
cled
ca
r
to
n
w
er
e
d
ip
p
ed
in
d
if
f
er
en
t
co
n
ce
n
tr
atio
n
s
o
f
t
h
e
co
p
o
l
y
m
er
late
x
B
u
A/MM
A
(
2
,
3
an
d
4
%)
o
r
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u
A/St
(
1
,
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,
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,
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d
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f
o
r
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e
m
i
n
t
h
en
t
h
e
e
x
ce
s
s
o
f
th
e
p
o
l
y
m
er
w
as
r
e
m
o
v
ed
b
y
w
ip
in
g
w
it
h
t
h
e
f
i
lter
p
ap
er
s
an
d
lef
t to
d
r
y
T
h
e
u
s
e
o
f
aq
u
eo
u
s
d
i
s
p
er
s
ed
p
o
ly
m
er
e.
g
.
ac
etate
,
ac
r
y
l
ate
an
d
m
et
h
y
l
m
eth
ac
r
y
late
co
p
o
ly
m
er
(
Ha
m
p
h
r
y
1
9
8
4
)
as
w
ell
a
s
p
o
ly
v
i
n
y
l
ac
etate
/
v
in
y
l
v
er
s
it
ate
(
Nad
a
et
al.
1
9
9
9
)
is
h
i
g
h
l
y
estab
li
s
h
ed
f
o
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co
n
s
er
v
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n
as
r
es
to
r
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n
o
f
ar
ch
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a
l
m
a
ter
ial.
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h
e
u
s
e
o
f
w
et
s
tr
e
n
g
t
h
p
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l
y
m
er
d
u
r
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th
e
p
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d
u
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o
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p
ap
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an
d
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d
in
cr
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s
es th
e
m
ac
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e
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u
n
n
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d
r
eten
t
io
n
o
f
f
i
ller
s
an
d
f
i
n
es
(
Dav
'so
n
,
1
9
8
2
)
.
2
.
2
.
2
.
During
Sh
ee
t
s
M
a
k
ing
T
ec
hn
i
qu
e
T
h
e
r
ec
y
cled
ca
r
to
n
s
h
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tr
ea
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w
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h
d
if
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t
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o
f
t
h
e
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p
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l
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d
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t
h
e
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h
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t
s
w
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e
d
r
ied
in
th
e
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r
u
m
a
t
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°C
.
2
.
2
.
T
her
m
a
l
G
ra
v
i
m
et
ric
A
na
ly
s
is
(
T
G
A)
T
h
e
th
er
m
al
d
eg
r
ad
atio
n
o
f
e
ac
h
s
a
m
p
le
p
r
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s
in
to
th
r
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tag
es,
ea
r
l
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y
d
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e
to
th
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ap
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r
atio
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o
f
w
ater
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n
d
ea
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il
y
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latile
m
ater
ials
,
f
r
ag
m
en
tatio
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s
ta
g
e
w
h
ic
h
is
t
h
e
m
a
in
d
eg
r
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n
s
tep
an
d
p
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ce
ed
s
in
t
w
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m
o
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e
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tep
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n
d
f
i
n
all
y
th
e
ca
r
b
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n
iz
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s
tag
e
in
w
h
ich
t
h
e
e
v
o
lu
tio
n
o
f
g
a
s
es
ta
k
es
p
lace
(
Sef
ain
1
9
7
5
)
.
3.
RE
SU
L
T
AND
DI
SCUS
SI
O
N
3
.
1
.
M
ec
ha
nica
l
a
nd
P
hy
s
ica
l
P
ro
pert
ies o
f
Rec
y
cled
Ca
rt
o
n
S
heet
s
Acc
o
rding
t
o
Dipp
i
ng
T
ec
hn
i
qu
e
T
h
e
b
r
ea
k
in
g
len
g
th
o
f
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y
cled
ca
r
to
n
d
ip
p
ed
in
d
if
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t
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ce
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IJ
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IJ
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8814
Mech
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ico
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ical
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th
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4.
CO
NCLU
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ical
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ical
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t
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ip
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ts
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ly
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y
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cr
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e
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n
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.
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b
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ased
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ly
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er
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ap
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m
ak
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h
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m
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g
r
av
im
etr
ic
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aly
s
is
(
T
GA
)
o
f
s
am
p
les
w
as
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
.
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h
e
Mic
r
o
s
tr
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ctu
r
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o
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n
tr
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ted
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d
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ted
r
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r
to
n
s
h
ee
ts
w
er
e
clar
if
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u
s
in
g
SEM
.
RE
F
E
RE
NCES
[1
]
Ha
n
lo
n
F
.
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
Ha
n
d
b
o
o
k
o
f
P
a
c
k
a
g
e
En
g
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g
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rd
e
d
.
,
T
e
c
h
n
o
mic
P
u
b
li
s
h
in
g
Co
.
In
c
.
,
L
a
n
c
a
ste
r,
P
A,
US
A
,
1
9
9
8
,
p
p
.
2
1
6
.
[2
]
L
o
re
n
ć
a
k
P.
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
"
P
o
ly
v
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y
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m
in
e
-
A
n
e
w
p
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ly
m
e
r
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re
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s
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g
p
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stre
n
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th
,
"
W
o
c
h
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n
b
l.
Pa
p
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f
a
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r
,
2
0
0
0
,
V
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l
.
1
2
8
,
No
1
/
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p
p
.
14
-
1
8
.
[3
]
Kitao
k
a
T
.
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
"
No
v
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l
p
a
p
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stre
n
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d
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-
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in
d
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o
m
a
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ll
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lo
se
,
"
J
o
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rn
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l
o
f
W
o
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d
S
c
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e
,
2
0
0
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,
Vo
l.
47
,
No
.
4
,
p
p
.
3
2
2
-
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2
4
.
[4
]
Clae
ss
o
n
P
.
M
.
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
"
P
o
ly
e
le
c
t
ro
ly
tes
a
s
a
d
h
e
sio
n
m
o
d
if
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,
”
Ad
v
a
n
c
e
s
in
C
o
ll
o
id
a
n
d
In
ter
fa
c
e
S
c
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c
e
,
2
0
0
3
,
V
o
l
.
1
0
4
,
p
p
.
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-
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.
[5
]
L
in
d
strö
m
T
.
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
"
On
t
h
e
n
a
t
u
re
o
f
jo
in
t
stre
n
g
th
i
n
p
a
p
e
r
-
A
re
v
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w
o
f
d
r
y
a
n
d
w
e
t
stre
n
g
th
re
sin
s
u
se
d
i
n
p
a
p
e
r
m
a
n
u
f
a
c
tu
rin
g
,
"
Pro
c
.
1
3
th
F
u
n
d
a
me
n
ta
l
Res
e
a
rc
h
S
y
mp
.
,
Ca
mb
ri
d
g
e
,
Pi
ra
In
tl
.
,
L
e
a
th
e
rh
e
a
d
,
S
u
rr
e
y
,
UK
,
2
0
0
5
.
[6
]
H
e
rsh
k
o
w
it
z
A
.
,
“
Bro
n
x
e
c
o
lo
g
y
,
”
W
a
sh
in
g
to
n
DC: Isla
n
d
Pre
ss
,
2
0
0
2
,
p
p
.
6
2
.
[7
]
G
u
il
b
e
r
,
S
.
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
"
Ag
ro
-
p
o
ly
m
e
r
s
f
o
r
e
d
ib
le
a
n
d
b
i
o
d
e
g
ra
d
a
b
le
f
il
m
s:
a
re
v
ie
w
o
f
a
g
ricu
lt
u
ra
l
p
o
ly
m
e
ric
m
a
teria
ls,
p
h
y
sic
a
l
a
n
d
m
e
c
h
a
n
ica
l
c
h
a
ra
c
te
risti
c
s,”
In
J
.
H.
Ha
n
(
Ed
.
).
In
n
o
v
a
ti
o
n
s in
f
o
o
d
p
a
c
k
a
g
in
g
,
2
0
0
5
,
V
o
l
.
1
6
,
p
p
.
2
6
3
-
2
7
5
.
[8
]
G
u
il
b
e
rt
S
.
,
e
t
a
l.
,
"
F
o
rm
a
ti
o
n
a
n
d
p
r
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p
e
rti
e
s
o
f
w
h
e
a
t
g
lu
ten
f
il
m
s
a
n
d
c
o
a
ti
n
g
s
,
"
In
A.
Ge
n
n
a
d
io
s
(
Ed
.
).
Pr
o
tein
-
b
a
se
d
f
il
ms
a
n
d
c
o
a
ti
n
g
s,
CRC
p
re
ss
,
2
0
0
2
,
V
o
l.
3
,
p
p
.
6
9
-
1
1
5
.
[9
]
Tw
e
d
e
D.,
e
t
a
l
.,
"
Co
rru
g
a
ted
f
ib
e
rb
o
a
rd
stru
c
t
u
re
a
n
d
p
r
o
p
e
rti
e
s
,
"
In
Ca
rto
n
s,
c
ra
tes
a
n
d
c
o
rr
u
g
a
t
e
d
b
o
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rd
,
2
0
0
5
,
p
p
.
4
0
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-
4
3
1
.
[1
0
]
A
n
d
e
rss
o
n
C.
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
"
Ba
rrier
p
ro
p
e
rti
e
s
a
n
d
h
e
a
t
se
a
lab
il
it
y
/
f
a
il
u
re
m
e
c
h
a
n
is
m
s
o
f
d
isp
e
rsio
n
-
c
o
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ted
p
a
p
e
rb
o
a
r
d
,
"
Pa
c
k
a
g
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n
g
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
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y
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n
d
S
c
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c
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,
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.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.