I
nte
rna
t
io
na
l J
o
urna
l o
f
Adv
a
nces in Applie
d Science
s
(
I
J
AAS)
Vo
l.
3
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
201
4
,
p
p
.
12
2
~
12
9
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8814
122
J
o
ur
na
l ho
m
ep
a
g
e
:
h
ttp
:
//ia
e
s
jo
u
r
n
a
l.c
o
m/o
n
lin
e/in
d
ex
.
p
h
p
/I
J
AAS
Bio
m
o
nitoring
of
Z
n
po
llution
by
u
sing
L
ea
v
es,
Ste
ms
and
R
o
o
ts of a
M
edici
na
l P
la
nt
Cent
ella
A
sia
tica
Ya
p,
C.
K
.
,
O
ng
,
G
.
H
.
De
p
a
rtme
n
t
o
f
Bio
lo
g
y
,
F
a
c
u
lt
y
o
f
S
c
ien
c
e
,
Un
iv
e
rsiti
P
u
tra M
a
lay
sia
,
M
a
lay
sia
Art
icle
I
nfo
AB
ST
RAC
T
A
r
ticle
his
to
r
y:
R
ec
eiv
ed
J
u
n
1
2
,
2
0
1
4
R
ev
i
s
ed
A
u
g
10
,
2
0
1
4
A
cc
ep
ted
A
u
g
2
4
,
2
0
1
4
In
th
is
st
u
d
y
,
th
re
e
p
a
rts
(lea
v
e
s,
ste
m
s
a
n
d
ro
o
ts)
o
f
Ce
n
tella
a
sia
ti
c
a
a
n
d
su
rf
a
c
e
so
il
s
we
re
c
o
ll
e
c
ted
fro
m
1
1
g
e
o
g
ra
p
h
ica
l
sa
m
p
li
n
g
sites
in
P
e
n
in
su
lar
M
a
la
y
sia
.
Ra
n
g
e
s
o
f
Zn
c
o
n
c
e
n
tratio
n
s
(
µg
/g
d
w
)
i
n
so
il
w
a
s
1
0
2
.
7
0
-
8
2
6
.
1
1
w
h
il
e
8
1
.
1
6
-
1
9
8
.
5
6
f
o
r
lea
v
e
s,
5
6
.
2
7
-
1
4
6
.
9
3
f
o
r
ste
m
s
a
n
d
9
5
.
7
2
-
2
8
5
.
0
0
f
o
r
r
o
o
ts.
In
C
.
a
sia
ti
c
a
,
Z
n
a
c
c
u
m
u
latio
n
w
a
s
f
o
u
n
d
th
e
h
ig
h
e
st
in
r
o
o
ts
f
o
ll
o
w
e
d
b
y
lea
v
e
s
a
n
d
ste
m
s.
Co
rre
latio
n
a
n
a
ly
si
s
b
a
se
d
o
n
Zn
c
o
n
c
e
n
tratio
n
s
b
e
tw
e
e
n
th
e
th
re
e
p
a
rts
o
f
p
lan
ts
a
n
d
so
il
s
w
e
re
f
o
u
n
d
to
b
e
sig
n
if
ica
n
tl
y
(P
<
0
.
0
5
)
c
o
rre
l
a
ted
(
ro
o
t
-
so
il
,
R=
0
.
9
7
3
;
lea
v
e
s
-
so
il
s,
R=
0
.
9
5
5
;
ste
m
-
so
il
s,
R=
0
.
9
5
2
).
F
o
r
th
e
tran
sp
lan
tati
o
n
stu
d
y
,
th
re
e
sites
w
e
r
e
se
lec
ted
a
s
u
n
p
o
ll
u
te
d
(U
P
M
),
se
m
i
-
p
o
ll
u
ted
(Ba
lak
o
n
g
)
a
n
d
p
o
l
lu
ted
sites
(S
g
.
Ju
ru
).
Ba
se
d
o
n
tra
n
sp
lan
t
a
ti
o
n
stu
d
y
u
n
d
e
r
e
x
p
e
rime
n
tal
f
ield
a
n
d
lab
o
ra
to
ry
c
o
n
d
it
i
o
n
s,
Z
n
c
o
n
c
e
n
tratio
n
s
in
t
h
e
lea
v
e
s,
ste
m
s
a
n
d
ro
o
ts
o
f
C.
a
sia
ti
c
a
w
e
re
sig
n
i
f
ica
n
tl
y
(P
<
0
.
0
5
)
h
ig
h
e
r
a
f
ter
th
re
e
w
e
e
k
s.
T
h
e
Zn
a
c
c
u
m
u
latio
n
w
a
s
th
e
h
ig
h
e
st
in
S
g
.
Ju
ru
,
f
o
ll
o
w
e
d
b
y
Ba
l
a
k
o
n
g
a
n
d
U
P
M
w
h
ich
w
e
re
in
a
c
c
o
rd
a
n
c
e
w
it
h
th
e
Zn
c
o
n
tam
in
a
ti
o
n
lev
e
ls
in
th
e
so
il
s.
T
h
u
s,
th
e
se
e
x
p
e
ri
m
e
n
tal
f
in
d
in
g
s
c
o
n
f
ir
m
e
d
th
a
t
lea
v
e
s,
ste
m
s
a
n
d
ro
o
ts
c
a
n
re
f
le
c
t
th
e
Zn
lev
e
ls
in
th
e
so
il
s
w
h
e
re
C.
a
sia
ti
c
a
w
e
re
f
o
u
n
d
.
Af
ter
th
re
e
w
e
e
k
s
o
f
b
a
c
k
tran
sp
lan
tatio
n
to
c
lea
n
so
il
s,
th
e
Zn
lev
e
ls
in
th
e
t
h
re
e
p
a
rts
w
e
r
e
stil
l
h
ig
h
e
r
th
a
n
th
e
i
n
it
ial
Zn
lev
e
l
e
v
e
n
th
o
u
g
h
e
li
m
in
a
ti
o
n
o
c
c
u
rre
d
.
In
c
o
n
c
lu
sio
n
,
a
ll
t
h
e
a
b
o
v
e
f
in
d
in
g
s
i
n
d
ica
ted
t
h
a
t
t
h
e
lea
v
e
s,
ste
m
s
a
n
d
ro
o
ts
o
f
a
sia
ti
c
a
a
re
g
o
o
d
b
i
o
m
o
n
it
o
rs o
f
Zn
p
o
ll
u
ti
o
n
.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
:
C
en
te
lla
asiatica
So
ils
T
r
an
s
p
lan
tatio
n
s
t
u
d
ies
Z
i
n
c
Co
p
y
rig
h
t
©
201
4
In
s
t
it
u
te o
f
A
d
v
a
n
c
e
d
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
S
c
ien
c
e
.
Al
l
rig
h
ts
re
se
rv
e
d
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
Yap
,
C
.
K.
,
Dep
ar
t
m
en
t o
f
B
io
lo
g
y
,
Facu
lt
y
o
f
Sc
ien
ce
,
U
n
i
v
er
s
iti
P
u
tr
a
Ma
la
y
s
ia,
T
el:
6
0
3
-
8
9
4
6
6
6
1
6
,
Fax
:
603
-
8
6
5
6
7
4
5
4
,
4
3
4
0
0
UP
M,
Ser
d
an
g
,
Selan
g
o
r
,
Ma
lay
s
ia
.
E
m
ail:
y
ap
ck
o
n
g
@
h
o
t
m
ail.
co
m
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
Z
n
is
o
n
e
o
f
t
h
e
m
o
s
t
co
m
m
o
n
ele
m
e
n
t
s
in
t
h
e
E
ar
th
's
cr
u
s
t
.
Hig
h
co
n
ce
n
tr
atio
n
o
f
Z
n
ca
n
ca
u
s
e
th
e
p
h
y
to
to
x
ic
it
y
w
h
ich
ca
n
i
n
h
ib
it
m
e
tab
o
lic
ac
ti
v
ities
an
d
r
es
u
lt
i
n
g
r
o
w
t
h
r
etar
d
atio
n
a
n
d
s
en
e
s
ce
n
ce
in
p
lan
t.
E
x
ce
s
s
iv
e
Z
n
ca
n
also
g
i
v
e
r
i
s
e
to
Fe,
Mn
an
d
C
u
d
ef
ic
ien
c
y
t
h
at
r
ed
u
ce
t
h
e
tr
an
s
f
er
o
f
t
h
o
s
e
m
icr
o
n
u
tr
ie
n
ts
f
r
o
m
r
o
o
ts
to
s
h
o
o
ts
(
E
b
b
s
an
d
Ko
ch
ian
,
1
9
9
7
)
.
A
m
ed
ici
n
a
l
p
lan
t
C
en
tella
a
s
ia
tica
h
as
b
ee
n
u
s
ed
w
id
el
y
i
n
f
o
lk
m
ed
ici
n
e
f
o
r
h
u
n
d
r
ed
s
o
f
y
ea
r
s
to
tr
ea
t
a
w
id
e
r
an
g
e
o
f
ill
n
es
s
(
B
r
in
k
h
a
u
s
et
a
l
.,
2
0
0
0
)
.
T
h
ese
p
lan
t
s
w
er
e
u
s
ed
to
tr
ea
t
v
ar
io
u
s
ill
n
ess
es
t
h
u
s
a
w
ar
e
n
es
s
o
f
t
h
e
to
x
ic
e
f
f
ec
t o
f
th
e
m
ed
icat
io
n
d
u
e
to
th
e
p
r
esen
ce
o
f
ex
ce
s
s
iv
e
Z
n
ac
cu
m
u
latio
n
s
h
all
b
e
o
f
p
u
b
lic
co
n
ce
r
n
.
I
n
Ma
la
y
s
ia,
Z
n
lev
el
s
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
r
ep
o
r
ted
in
m
u
s
s
el
s
(
Yap
et
a
l
.
,
2
0
0
3
)
an
d
s
ed
im
e
n
ts
(
Yap
an
d
P
an
g
,
2
0
1
1
)
.
Ho
w
ev
er
,
Z
n
le
v
els
in
ter
r
estrial
s
o
ils
in
r
elat
io
n
to
C
.
a
s
ia
tica
ar
e
lac
k
i
n
g
in
t
h
e
liter
atu
r
e.
Z
n
co
n
ta
m
i
n
atio
n
o
f
n
atu
r
al
s
o
il
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
ca
n
b
e
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
b
e
tter
th
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
is
s
t
u
d
y
w
h
ich
h
as
e
m
er
g
ed
as
a
n
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
i
s
s
u
e
d
u
e
to
th
e
ex
ten
s
io
n
o
f
u
r
b
an
iza
tio
n
a
n
d
in
d
u
s
tr
i
al
izatio
n
i
n
P
en
i
n
s
u
lar
Ma
la
y
s
ia.
T
h
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IJ
AA
S
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8814
B
io
mo
n
ito
r
in
g
o
f Zn
p
o
llu
tio
n
b
y
u
s
in
g
Lea
ve
s
,
S
tems a
n
d
R
o
o
ts
o
f a
Med
icin
a
l P
l
a
n
t
C
en
tella
…
(
Ya
p
,
C
.
K
.
)
123
o
b
j
ec
tiv
e
o
f
t
h
is
s
t
u
d
y
w
as
to
d
eter
m
i
n
e
t
h
e
p
o
te
n
tial
o
f
C
.
a
s
ia
tica
as
a
g
o
o
d
b
io
m
o
n
it
o
r
o
f
Z
n
p
o
llu
t
io
n
b
ased
o
n
co
r
r
elatio
n
o
f
Z
n
b
et
w
ee
n
th
e
p
la
n
t a
n
d
s
o
il
s
an
d
e
x
p
er
i
m
e
n
tal
tr
an
s
p
lan
ta
tio
n
s
t
u
d
y
.
2.
M
AT
E
RIAL
S AN
D
M
E
T
H
O
DS
Fo
r
s
a
m
p
lin
g
,
a
to
tal
o
f
1
1
s
am
p
lin
g
s
ites
f
r
o
m
ar
o
u
n
d
P
en
in
s
u
lar
Ma
la
y
s
ia
h
ad
b
ee
n
allo
ca
ted
f
o
r
p
lan
t
an
d
s
o
il
s
a
m
p
les
co
llecti
o
n
(
Fig
u
r
e
1
)
.
T
h
e
p
lan
ts
o
f
2
-
4
m
o
n
t
h
s
m
at
u
r
it
y
w
er
e
co
lle
cted
an
d
p
lace
d
in
p
last
ic
b
ag
s
.
T
h
en
,
th
e
s
u
r
f
ac
e
s
o
il
o
f
3
-
5
cm
d
ep
th
w
as
c
o
llected
in
to
a
p
last
ic
b
ag
u
s
i
n
g
a
p
last
ic
s
co
o
p
.
L
itter
s
in
t
h
e
s
o
il
w
ill
al
s
o
b
e
r
e
m
o
v
ed
.
I
n
t
h
e
lab
o
r
ato
r
y
,
t
h
e
p
lan
t
s
w
er
e
s
ep
ar
ated
in
to
leav
es,
s
te
m
s
an
d
r
o
o
ts
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Ma
p
s
h
o
w
i
n
g
th
e
s
a
m
p
lin
g
s
ites
i
n
P
en
in
s
u
lar
Ma
l
a
y
s
ia
.
(
Na
m
es o
f
s
a
m
p
li
n
g
s
s
it
es a
s
in
T
ab
le
1
)
2
.
1
.
T
ra
ns
p
la
nta
t
io
n St
ud
y
Fo
r
ex
p
er
i
m
en
ta
l
tr
an
s
p
la
n
tat
io
n
s
tu
d
y
,
th
e
tr
a
n
s
p
lan
tatio
n
s
t
u
d
ies
w
er
e
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
b
o
th
u
n
d
er
ex
p
er
i
m
e
n
tal
f
ield
an
d
ex
p
er
im
en
tal
lab
o
r
ato
r
y
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
Fo
r
th
e
ex
p
er
i
m
en
t
u
n
d
er
f
i
eld
co
n
d
itio
n
s
,
th
e
p
lan
ts
o
b
tai
n
ed
f
r
o
m
Un
i
v
er
s
it
y
Ag
r
ic
u
lt
u
r
al
P
ar
k
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a
n
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U
n
i
v
er
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T
P
U)
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a
s
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o
r
t
w
o
m
o
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t
h
s
to
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it
s
m
at
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atio
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s
ta
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e.
T
h
r
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ite
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s
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n
a
m
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l
y
Un
i
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ti
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tr
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la
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d
Sg
.
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.
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r
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tr
a
n
s
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tatio
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ased
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1
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7
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5
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o
r
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J
u
r
u
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Hen
ce
,
th
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s
ite
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wer
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ca
teg
o
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ized
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n
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ll
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ted
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s
e
m
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-
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ll
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ted
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d
p
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s
ites
f
o
r
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alak
o
n
g
a
n
d
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.
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u
r
u
,
r
esp
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ti
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el
y
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r
th
e
ex
p
er
i
m
e
n
tal
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ield
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n
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itio
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e
t
w
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m
o
n
t
h
s
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ld
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ts
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tr
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s
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m
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n
d
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it
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at
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g
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u
r
u
f
o
r
t
h
r
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s
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ee
k
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h
en
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tr
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th
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n
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l
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ite
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k
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r
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m
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o
r
ato
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d
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llected
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lace
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i
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tr
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y
s
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h
e
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o
ils
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o
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t
h
e
co
n
t
r
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l
w
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ta
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th
e
to
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A
t
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lan
t
s
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h
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l
tr
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y
s
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ta
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llected
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t
h
e
s
e
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i
-
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d
p
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ite
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.
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w
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th
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lan
ts
f
r
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m
s
e
m
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th
e
p
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tr
a
y
s
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ac
k
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tr
an
s
p
lan
ted
to
th
e
u
n
p
o
llu
ted
co
n
tr
o
l tr
a
y
s
.
T
h
r
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licates
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e
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
f
o
r
ea
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ite
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h
r
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tr
a
p
s
o
f
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m
x
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c
m
f
o
r
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ield
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y
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d
th
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f
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m
x
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m
x
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m
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o
r
ato
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d
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h
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la
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ts
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tr
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s
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lan
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o
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f
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t
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k
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lace
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f
te
r
2
w
ee
k
s
i
n
tr
a
n
s
p
la
n
tatio
n
wo
r
k
(
U.
S.E
P
A
,
1
9
9
6
)
.
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h
e
p
lan
ts
w
er
e
h
ar
v
este
d
in
ev
er
y
3
w
ee
k
s
.
2
.
2
.
Neut
ro
n Ac
t
iv
a
t
io
n Ana
ly
s
is
(
U.
S.E
P
A,
2
0
0
1
;
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AE
A
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a
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t
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t
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d
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d
a
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e
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3
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ncent
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t
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n F
a
ct
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h
e
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ce
n
tr
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f
ac
to
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n
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e
u
s
ed
to
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m
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t
h
e
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p
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ak
e
o
f
Z
n
b
y
p
lan
t
s
f
o
r
tr
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s
p
lan
tatio
n
s
tu
d
ie
s
.
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t
w
a
s
ca
lcu
lated
ac
co
r
d
in
g
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l
.
(
2
0
0
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)
,
as b
elo
w
:
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h
e
r
ate
o
f
Z
n
ac
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m
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w
a
s
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lcu
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ted
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co
r
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g
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f
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la
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,
2
0
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li
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h
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i
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f
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n
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e
u
s
ed
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eter
m
i
n
e
th
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eli
m
i
n
atio
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o
f
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n
b
y
p
lan
t
s
f
o
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tr
an
s
p
lan
tatio
n
s
tu
d
ie
s
w
as c
alc
u
lated
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
Yap
et
a
l
.
(
2
0
0
3
)
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as b
el
o
w
:
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h
e
r
ate
o
f
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n
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m
i
n
atio
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a
s
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alcu
lated
ac
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la
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l
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,
2
0
0
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as
b
elo
w
:
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5
.
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t
is
t
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l A
na
ly
s
is
T
h
e
ST
A
T
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S
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C
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v
er
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o
f
t
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ar
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w
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s
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s
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to
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eter
m
i
n
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t
h
e
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ef
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t
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n
d
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h
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ar
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u
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ter
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n
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y
s
is
.
T
h
e
an
al
y
s
i
s
o
f
v
ar
ian
ce
(
A
N
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A
)
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d
en
t
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Ke
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ls
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d
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s
t
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e
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s
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o
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o
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n
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ce
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et
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t
h
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l c
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n
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f
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i
f
f
er
en
t
s
ites
(
Z
ar
,
1
9
9
6
)
.
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
3
.
1
.
Z
n
L
ev
el
s
in S
o
il
s
Fro
m
T
ab
le
1
,
th
e
Z
n
lev
e
l
in
s
o
ils
f
r
o
m
th
e
1
1
s
a
m
p
lin
g
s
i
tes
in
P
en
i
n
s
u
lar
Ma
la
y
s
ia
r
a
n
g
e
s
f
r
o
m
1
0
2
.
7
0
µg
/g
d
w
to
8
2
6
.
1
1
µg
/g
d
w
.
T
h
e
Z
n
le
v
el
i
n
s
o
ils
f
r
o
m
P
P
au
h
w
as
s
ig
n
i
f
ica
n
tl
y
(
P
<
0
.
0
5
)
h
ig
h
es
t
(
8
2
6
.
1
1
µg
/g
)
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
th
e
o
th
er
s
a
m
p
li
n
g
s
ite
s
.
B
ased
o
n
t
h
e
s
o
il
s
ed
i
m
e
n
t
g
u
id
eli
n
e
s
f
o
r
Z
n
in
T
ab
le
2
,
th
er
e
ar
e
f
o
u
r
s
a
m
p
l
in
g
s
ites
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A
r
a
u
,
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an
g
a
n
,
P
o
n
tio
n
an
d
Kep
al
a
B
atas)
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er
e
f
o
u
n
d
to
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e
b
elo
w
C
h
i
n
ese
s
o
il
q
u
alit
y
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
(
2
5
0
µg
/g
d
w
)
(
C
E
P
A
,
1
9
9
5
)
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d
C
an
ad
ian
s
o
il
q
u
alit
y
f
o
r
ag
r
icu
lt
u
r
al
u
s
e
(
2
0
0
µg
/g
d
w
)
(
C
C
ME
,
1
9
9
9
)
.
On
ly
t
h
r
ee
s
ite
s
at
A
r
au
,
Kar
a
n
g
a
n
,
a
n
d
P
o
n
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n
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er
e
f
o
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n
d
to
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e
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el
o
w
T
ar
g
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alu
e
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w
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h
e
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ase
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e
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n
ce
n
tr
atio
n
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al
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e
t
h
at
co
n
s
i
d
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ed
n
o
t
af
f
ec
ti
n
g
t
h
e
n
a
tu
r
a
l
p
r
o
p
er
ties
o
f
th
e
s
o
il)
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
D
u
tc
h
s
o
il
g
u
id
el
i
n
e
(
V
R
OM
,
2
0
0
0
)
.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
o
n
l
y
s
a
m
p
lin
g
s
ites
B
u
tter
w
o
r
t
h
a
n
d
P
er
m
ata
n
g
P
au
h
h
ad
Z
n
le
v
els
w
h
ic
h
ar
e
h
ig
h
er
th
a
n
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n
te
r
v
en
tio
n
v
al
u
e
(
7
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0
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w
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t
h
e
m
a
x
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m
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m
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ler
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le
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n
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n
tr
atio
n
th
a
t
r
e
m
ed
iatio
n
i
s
r
eq
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ir
ed
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ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
Du
tc
h
s
o
il
g
u
id
eli
n
e
(
VR
OM
,
2
0
0
0
)
.
Oth
er
s
ite
s
,
ex
ce
p
t
f
o
r
Sen
a
w
an
g
,
f
all
ar
o
u
n
d
th
e
m
id
d
le
v
al
u
e
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3
0
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w
,
a
th
r
e
s
h
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ld
v
al
u
e
f
o
r
f
u
r
t
h
er
in
v
est
ig
at
io
n
).
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IJ
AA
S
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8814
B
io
mo
n
ito
r
in
g
o
f Zn
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llu
tio
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y
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s
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Lea
ve
s
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S
tems a
n
d
R
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o
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l P
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p
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125
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ab
le
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.
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n
co
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n
tr
atio
n
s
(
m
ea
n
±
SD,
µg
/
g
d
r
y
w
ei
g
h
t)
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n
th
e
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o
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r
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es c
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lecte
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n
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r
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n
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d
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h
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0
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±
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3
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d
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e
r
mat
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n
g
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a
u
h
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P
P
a
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h
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,
P
e
n
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n
g
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2
6
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1
1
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2
a
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n
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h
o
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e
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d
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s,
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h
o
r
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8
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p
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l
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t
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s
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t
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s)
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n
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t
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l
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r
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5
1
±
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2
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2
c
No
te:
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d
en
t
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wm
a
n
–
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l
s
(
SNK)
co
m
p
ar
is
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s
o
f
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n
co
n
ce
n
tr
atio
n
s
in
s
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t d
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e
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f
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ab
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2
.
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alit
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h
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No
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ll
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r
e
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g
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n
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e
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n
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n
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n
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n
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il
s
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as
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ee
n
r
ep
o
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ted
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ar
n
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et
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l
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,
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0
0
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y
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ted
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o
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o
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e
d
th
e
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f
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n
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n
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la
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a
s
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e
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el
o
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ed
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u
s
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ial
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ith
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e
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n
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u
s
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ies
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la
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ch
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s
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te
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o
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r
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r
u
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b
er
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ased
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u
s
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n
tr
ib
u
te
th
e
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n
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n
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i
n
atio
n
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th
e
en
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ir
o
n
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en
t
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l
k
ar
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h
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et
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l
.
,
2
0
0
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e
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s
e
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o
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g
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o
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zi
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ld
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v
e
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e
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ce
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s
to
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h
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n
to
th
e
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il
(
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2
0
0
1
)
.
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ils
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ea
r
h
i
g
h
w
a
y
s
a
n
d
s
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el
ter
s
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n
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n
ed
h
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g
h
Z
n
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o
n
ce
n
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atio
n
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as
a
r
es
u
lt
o
f
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ep
o
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itio
n
o
f
Z
n
r
elea
s
ed
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tire
ab
r
asio
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an
d
s
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k
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m
is
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io
n
s
(
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r
r
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tr
ö
m
a
n
d
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k
s
,
1
9
9
9
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n
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s
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ep
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ted
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ce
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r
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n
t
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r
ce
o
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tio
n
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C
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ME
,
1
9
9
9
)
.
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h
er
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o
r
e,
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ig
h
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le
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n
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e
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n
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ar
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e
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n
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n
ta
m
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n
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ce
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1
4
4
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0
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g
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d
w
o
f
Z
n
(
5
3
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g
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d
w
to
3
8
0
μ
g
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d
w
)
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a
s
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ee
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r
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ted
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y
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n
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r
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s
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f
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h
in
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7
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8
4
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f
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n
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a
s
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n
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r
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ed
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m
en
ts
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llected
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r
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m
t
h
e
n
o
r
th
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n
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atic
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s
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lar
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5
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f
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m
e
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ts
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r
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m
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n
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lar
Ma
la
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ia.
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h
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s
e
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d
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g
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m
p
ar
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r
s
t
u
d
y
m
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g
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t
b
e
d
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e
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t
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r
b
y
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u
m
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tiv
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h
er
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r
e
m
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e
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ce
r
n
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o
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t
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n
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n
ta
m
i
n
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s
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o
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l
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b
e
s
h
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y
t
h
e
p
u
b
lic
in
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la
y
s
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ec
iall
y
f
o
r
ag
r
ic
u
lt
u
r
al
p
u
r
p
o
s
e.
3
.
2
.
Z
n
L
ev
el
s
in
P
la
nts
T
h
e
Z
n
lev
el
s
in
t
h
e
th
r
ee
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IJ
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N:
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8814
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te
m
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CO
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Fro
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Brin
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―
Re
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Article
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―
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9
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IJ
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Do
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Eb
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―
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Bra
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2
6
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[9
]
Ha
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J.
L.
,
―
Ce
ll
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s
f
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x
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ti
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to
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,‖
J
.
Exp
.
Bo
t
,
.
2
0
0
2
,
V
o
l
.
53
,
p
p
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–
11.
[1
0
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IA
E
A
-
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-
1360,
―
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2
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3
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No
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4
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Ra
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5
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S
e
rb
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M.,
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t
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―
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m
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o
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m
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n
u
sin
g
p
la
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p
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d
t
o
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so
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,
‖
Ec
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En
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2
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6
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1
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.
[1
6
]
S
g
h
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rri
C.
,
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t
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l
.
,
―
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h
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Ra
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ro
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x
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‖
Ph
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2
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l.
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1
8
,
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p
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21
-
2
8
.
[1
7
]
S
in
g
h
B.
K.
,
―
S
t
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d
ies
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n
v
a
riab
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y
a
n
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h
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tero
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o
f
im
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tr
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iv
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traits
in
c
a
b
b
a
g
e
,
‖
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h
.
D
.
T
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e
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P
u
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De
lh
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In
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ia
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2
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0
7
.
[1
8
]
S
m
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―
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lan
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e
to
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v
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m
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ss
,‖
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9
8
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p
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2
1
4
–
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1
9
.
[1
9
]
U.S
.
E
P
A
.
,
―
Eco
l
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ica
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ts
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s
(
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ra
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t)
,‖
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.
En
v
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tal
P
ro
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A
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W
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A
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1
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9
6
.
[2
0
]
U.S
.
E
P
A
.
,
―
M
e
th
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ti
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f
o
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c
h
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m
i
c
a
l
a
n
d
to
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ico
lo
g
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‖
O
ff
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c
e
o
f
W
a
ter.
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En
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m
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P
ro
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n
A
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Was
h
in
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to
n
,
DC
,
2
0
0
1
.
[2
1
]
V
ROM
,
―
Circu
lar
o
n
targ
e
t
v
a
l
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e
s
a
n
d
in
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n
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lu
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s
f
o
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so
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re
m
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d
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A
n
n
e
x
A
:
tar
g
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t
v
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r
se
rio
u
s
c
o
n
tam
in
a
ti
o
n
,‖
Du
tch
M
in
istr
y
o
f
Ho
u
sin
g
,
S
p
a
ti
a
l
P
la
n
n
i
n
g
a
n
d
En
v
iro
n
m
e
n
t
,
2
0
0
0
.
[2
2
]
W
a
n
g
X.
S.
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
―
S
o
m
e
c
h
a
ra
c
teristics
o
f
th
e
d
istri
b
u
ti
o
n
o
f
h
e
a
v
y
m
e
tals
in
u
rb
a
n
to
p
so
il
o
f
X
u
z
h
o
u
,
Ch
i
n
a
,‖
En
v
iro
n
.
Ge
o
c
h
e
m.
He
a
lt
h
,
2
0
0
7
,
Vo
l.
29
,
No
.
1
,
p
p
.
11
-
19.
[2
3
]
W
a
rn
e
M.
S.
J.,
e
t
a
l
.
,
―
M
o
d
e
ll
i
n
g
th
e
1
8
1
to
x
icity
o
f
c
o
p
p
e
r
a
n
d
z
in
c
sa
lt
s
to
w
h
e
a
t
in
1
4
so
il
s
,‖
E
n
v
iro
n
.
T
o
x
ico
l.
Ch
e
m.
2
0
0
8
,
V
o
l
.
2
7
,
p
p
.
7
8
6
-
7
9
2
.
[2
4
]
W
HO
,
―
Zi
n
c
.
En
v
iro
n
m
e
n
tal
H
e
a
lt
h
Crit
e
ria
2
2
1
,
‖
W
o
rld
He
a
lt
h
Org
a
n
isa
ti
o
n
,
In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
P
r
o
g
ra
m
m
e
o
n
Ch
e
m
ic
a
l
S
a
f
e
t
y
(IP
CS
),
G
e
n
e
v
a
,
S
w
it
z
e
rlan
d
,
2
0
0
1
.
[2
5
]
Ya
p
C.
K.,
e
t
a
l
.
,
―
Cd
a
n
d
Zn
i
n
th
e
stra
it
s
o
f
M
a
lac
c
a
a
n
d
in
te
rti
d
a
l
se
d
im
e
n
ts
o
f
th
e
we
st
c
o
a
s
t
o
f
P
e
n
i
n
su
lar
M
a
la
y
sia
,‖
M
a
r.
Po
ll
.
B
u
ll
,
2
0
0
3
,
Vo
l.
4
6
,
p
p
.
1
3
4
8
-
1
3
5
3
.
[2
6
]
Ya
p
C.
K.
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
―
A
ss
e
ss
m
e
n
t
o
f
Cu
,
P
b
,
a
n
d
Zn
c
o
n
tam
in
a
ti
o
n
in
se
d
ime
n
t
o
f
n
o
rth
w
e
ste
rn
P
e
n
in
su
lar
M
a
la
y
sia
b
y
u
sin
g
se
d
im
e
n
t
q
u
a
li
ty
v
a
lu
e
s
a
n
d
d
if
f
e
re
n
t
g
e
o
c
h
e
m
ica
l
in
d
ice
s
,‖
En
v
iro
n
.
M
o
n
it
.
Asse
ss
,
2
0
1
1
,
Vo
l.
1
8
3
,
p
p
.
23
–
3
9
.
[2
7
]
Ya
p
C.
K.,
e
t
a
l
.
,
Distrib
u
ti
o
n
o
f
Ni
a
n
d
Zn
in
th
e
su
rf
a
c
e
s
e
d
ime
n
ts
c
o
ll
e
c
ted
f
ro
m
d
ra
in
a
g
e
s
a
n
d
in
tertid
a
l
a
re
a
in
S
e
lan
g
o
r
,‖
Per
ta
n
ika
J
.
T
ro
p
.
A
g
ric
.
S
c
i
,
2
0
0
8
,
V
o
l.
31
,
N
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
79
-
89.
[2
8
]
Ya
p
C.
K.,
e
t
a
l
.
,
―
Ef
f
e
c
t
o
f
m
e
tal
-
c
o
n
tam
in
a
ted
so
il
s
o
n
th
e
a
c
c
u
m
u
latio
n
o
f
h
e
a
v
y
m
e
tal
in
d
i
ff
e
r
e
n
t
p
a
rts
o
f
Ce
n
tella
a
sia
ti
c
a
:
A
lab
o
ra
to
ry
stu
d
y
,‖
S
a
in
s M
a
la
y
,
2
0
1
0
,
V
o
l
.
3
9
,
p
p
.
3
4
7
-
3
5
2
.
[2
9
]
Ya
p
C.
K.,
e
t
a
l
.
,
―
He
a
v
y
m
e
tal
(Cd
,
Cu
,
Ni,
P
b
a
n
d
Zn
)
p
o
l
lu
ti
o
n
in
su
rf
a
c
e
se
d
i
m
e
n
ts
c
o
ll
e
c
ted
f
ro
m
d
ra
in
a
g
e
s
re
c
e
iv
in
g
d
iff
e
r
e
n
t
a
n
th
r
o
p
o
g
e
n
ic
s
o
u
rc
e
s
f
ro
m
P
e
n
in
s
u
lar
M
a
lay
s
ia,‖
W
e
tl
a
n
d
S
c
i
,
2
0
0
7
,
V
o
l.
5
,
No
.
2
,
p
p
.
97
–
1
0
4
.
[3
0
]
Zar
J.
H
.
,
―
Bio
sta
ti
st
ica
l
a
n
a
ly
sis
,‖
3
rd
.
e
d
.
P
re
n
ti
c
e
Ha
ll
,
Ne
w
Je
rs
e
y
,
1
9
9
6
.
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