Int
ern
at
i
onal
Journ
al of
Advance
s in
A
p
p
li
ed Sciences (
IJ
A
AS)
Vo
l.
7
, No
.
4,
Decem
ber
201
8
, p
p.
317
~
321
IS
S
N: 22
52
-
8814, DO
I: 10
.11
591/ijaas
.v
7
.i
4.pp3
17
-
321
317
Journ
al h
om
e
page
:
http:
//
ia
es
core
.c
om/
onli
ne/index
.ph
p/I
JAAS
Mobile Ap
pli
ca
t
ion Deve
lopment
with An
droid
Rajesh
Kesh
av
ra
o Desh
mu
kh,
Shil
pa M
ar
ka
n
dey
, P
ooj
a
S
ahu
Dep
ar
t
m
ent
o
f
C
SE,
SS
IPM
T,
Ol
d
Dham
ta
ri
Roa
d,
Sej
aba
h
ar
P.O
.
,
Mujgaha
n
,
R
aipur,
Chha
tt
isga
r
h
492015,
India
Art
ic
le
In
f
o
ABSTR
A
CT
Art
ic
le
history:
Re
cei
ved
Feb
9
, 2
01
8
Re
vised
Ju
l
9
,
201
8
Accepte
d
Aug
1
1
, 201
8
The
Android
is
m
obil
e
pl
at
form
.
It
is
an
op
en
sou
rce
and
fr
ee
oper
at
ing
s
y
st
em
appl
i
ca
t
ion,
b
y
Google
it
is
de
vel
oped
and
m
ai
nt
ai
ned
.
It
wa
s
designe
d
essenti
a
lly
for
t
ouch
scre
en
m
o
bil
e
device
s,
such
as
and
ta
bl
et,
compute
rs,
sm
art
phones,
watc
h
te
l
evi
sion
,
ca
rs
etc.
Androi
d
is
one
of
th
e
m
ost
widely
used
m
obil
e
O
S.
Android
is
a
no
t
onl
y
ope
rat
ing
s
y
s
te
m
b
ut
al
so
k
e
y
appl
i
ca
t
ions
and
m
iddl
ewa
re
.
Android
is
an
open
source
oper
at
in
g
s
y
stem.
I
t
is
dev
el
oped
b
y
th
e
op
en
ha
ndset
Al
li
an
ce,
l
ed
b
y
Googl
e,
and
oth
er
companie
s.
Tho
se
are
used
to
a
ndroid
studio
2.
2.
3
ver
sion
and
deve
lopment
the
m
obile
appl
i
ca
t
ion.
Ke
yw
or
d:
Androi
d
A
rc
hitec
ture
Secu
rity
Ver
si
on
Copyright
©
201
8
Instit
ut
e
o
f Ad
vanc
ed
Engi
n
ee
r
ing
and
S
cienc
e
.
Al
l
rights re
serv
ed
.
Corres
pond
in
g
Aut
h
or
:
Ra
j
esh
K
e
sh
a
vrao
D
es
hm
uk
h
,
Dep
a
rtm
ent o
f C
SE
,
SS
IP
MT
,
Old D
ham
ta
ri
Road
, S
e
j
a
bahar P
.O
.
, M
ujg
a
han, Rai
pur
,
C
hh
at
ti
sg
a
rh 49
2015, I
nd
ia
.
Em
a
il
:
r.
desh
m
ukh@ssi
pm
t.com
1.
INTROD
U
CTION
The
A
ndro
i
d
is
te
chnol
og
y.
It
is
open
sou
rce
op
e
rati
ng
syst
e
m
,
wh
ic
h
m
eans
t
hat
any
on
e
who
wa
nts
to
us
e
A
ndr
oid
can
do
so
by
dow
nlo
a
ding
t
he
fu
ll
Android
so
urce
c
ode.
T
hat
was
us
e
d
for
de
velo
pm
ent
m
ob
il
e
base
d
a
ppli
cat
i
on
a
nd
des
ktop
base
d
ap
plica
ti
on
.
T
his
is
c
om
plete
set
of
so
ft
war
e
f
or
m
ob
il
e
de
vice
s
uc
h
us
ta
blet
com
pu
te
r
,sm
art
phon
e
,
note
books
,wat
ch
an
d
book
read
e
rs,
set
-
to
p
bo
xes
et
c.
it
con
te
nt
three
things
Op
e
rati
ng
syst
e
m
,
m
idd
le
wa
re,
key
ap
ps
.
The
a
ndr
oid
i
s
Lin
ux
base
d
operati
ng
sys
tem
.
More
tha
n
30
com
pan
ie
s
wor
king
t
o
open
up
t
he
m
ob
il
e
ha
ndset
e
nv
ir
on
m
ent.
Mo
bile
a
pp
li
cat
io
n
deve
lop
m
ent
is
ve
r
y
good
dem
and
in
m
ark
et
.
T
he
a
pp
li
c
at
ion
a
re
usual
l
y
dev
el
op
m
ent
the j
ava
la
n
guage u
sin
g
the
a
ndr
oid
d
evel
op
m
ent
too
ls
.the
de
velop
m
ent
too
ls
a
re
a
vaila
ble
in
m
ark
et
su
c
h
a
s
native
devel
op
m
ent
kit
f
or
a
ppli
cat
ion
or
ext
ensio
n
in
C
or
C+
+,
G
oogle
ap
p
in
ve
ntor
et
c.
It
ca
n
run
on
m
any
di
ff
e
ren
t
de
vices
from
m
any
dif
f
eren
t
m
anu
fact
ur
e
r
s.
The
an
droi
d
is
po
werfu
l
a
nd
ver
y
po
pu
la
r
operati
ng
syst
em
it
can
s
uppo
rts
la
r
ge
nu
m
ber
of
a
ppli
cat
ion
s
i
n
tou
c
h
sc
reen
P
hone.
T
he
hard
war
e
sup
ports
andr
oid
s
oft
wa
re
w
hic
h
is
bas
ed
on
ARM
a
r
chite
ct
ur
e
platf
or
m
.
These
ap
plica
ti
on
s
are
m
or
e
com
fo
rt
Z
one
an
d
a
dv
a
nce
L
evel
f
or
th
e
use
rs.
The
a
ndroi
d
is
a
n
open
s
ource
op
e
rati
ng
syst
e
m
that
m
eans
it
’s
fr
ee
a
nd
us
er
s
ca
n
easi
ly
acc
ess
a
nd
us
e
it
the
a
ndr
oid
a
ppli
cat
ion
.
T
he
a
ndr
oi
d
has
go
t
m
il
li
on
s
of
a
pp
s
avail
a
ble.
T
he
a
ndr
oid
help
us
t
o
m
a
nag
e
ou
r
li
fe
one
or
oth
e
r
wa
y
and
the
a
ppli
cat
ion
are a
vaila
ble in
m
ark
et
low
c
ost
at that
r
eas
ons a
ndr
oid
is
very
po
pu
la
r
in worl
d.
2.
HISTO
RY
The
world
m
os
t
popula
r
m
ob
il
e
operati
ng
syst
e
m
la
un
ch
in
2003
In
it
ia
ll
y,
and
r
oid
i
nc
orp
or
at
io
n
fou
nd
e
d
by
A
ndy
R
ub
i
n
i
n
Pa
lo
Alt
o,
Ca
li
for
nia,
U
nited
Sta
te
s
in
Oct
ob
e
r,
2003.
I
n
17th
Aug
us
t
2005,
Goo
gle
purc
hase
a
ndr
oi
d
In
c
orp
or
at
io
n.
Since
the
n,
andr
oid
bec
ome
s
ub
si
diary
of
G
oogle
I
nc
orp
or
at
io
n.
Ri
ch
Mi
ner,
Andy R
ub
i
n
,
N
ic
k
Sea
rs an
d
Chris
Wh
it
e
is
the
key em
plo
ye
es of
And
ro
i
d In
c
orp
or
at
i
on.
A
t t
hat ti
m
e
ca
m
era
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2252
-
8814
IJAAS
Vo
l.
7
,
No.
3
,
Se
ptem
ber
20
18
:
xx
–
xx
318
is
m
or
e
e
xp
e
nsi
ve
t
o
buy
s
o
th
at
an
droid
s
hift
ed
cam
era
i
nto
sm
art
ph
ones
.
Andy
R
ubin
lo
ve
R
obots
s
o
t
hat
he
giv
e
n
the
nick
nam
e
of
A
ndr
oi
d
is
co
wor
ker
s
.
I
n
20
07,
G
oo
gle
an
nounces
the
de
velo
pm
e
nt
of
an
droi
d
OS
.
I
n
2008, HTC
la
unche
d
t
he first
andr
oid
m
ob
il
e.
2.1
.
An
dr
oid
versi
on
s
:
The
re
a
re
M
any
Ve
rsions
of
a
ndro
i
d
bu
t
Ve
rsions
1.0
a
nd
1.1
we
re
no
t
re
le
ased
under
sp
eci
fic
c
oden
a
m
e
Table
1.
Versi
on
s
of
A
ndro
i
d
Versio
n
Co
d
e na
m
e
API
lev
el
Releas
e date
1
.0
No
cod
en
a
m
e
1
Sep
te
m
b
er
2
3
,
2008
1
.1
No
cod
en
a
m
e
2
Feb
ruary 9
,
2
0
0
9
1
.5
Cu
p
cake
3
Ap
ril
2
7
,
2
0
0
9
1
.6
Do
n
u
t
4
Sep
te
m
b
er
1
5
,
2009
2
.1
Éclair
5
-
7
Octo
b
er
2
6
,
2
0
0
9
2
.2
Froyo
8
May 2
0
,20
1
0
2
.3
Gin
g
erbread
9
-
10
Dece
m
b
e
r
6
,20
1
0
3
.1
-
3
.3
Ho
n
ey
co
m
b
11
-
13
Feb
ruary 2
2
,20
1
1
4
.0
Ice
Cr
ea
m
San
d
wi
ch
14
-
15
Octo
b
er
1
8
,20
1
1
4
.1
-
4
.2
-
4
.3
Jelly
Bean
16
-
18
Ju
ly
9,
2012
4
.4
KitKat
19
-
20
Octo
b
er
3
1
2
0
1
3
5
.0
Lollip
o
p
21
-
22
No
v
e
m
b
e
r
1
2
,20
1
4
6
.0
Mar
sh
m
a
llo
w
23
Octo
b
er
5
,20
1
5
7
.0
No
u
g
at
24
-
24
Au
g
u
st 2
2
,2016
8
.0
-
8
.1
Oreo
26
-
27
Au
g
u
st
2
1
,2017
Fig
ure
1.
O
f A
ndr
oid
Versi
on
s
3.
FEATU
RE O
F AND
ROI
D
Stor
a
ge:
A
li
gh
twei
gh
t
relat
io
nal d
at
a
base
S
QLite
, fo
r purposes
of da
ta
sto
rag
e
it
is u
se
d.
Connect
ivit
y:
I
t
sup
port
m
any
co
nnect
ivit
y
te
chnolo
gy
li
ke
WI
F
I,
BL
U
ETO
OT
H,
U
MTS,
WIXM
A
X
,
CDMA,
and
G
SM/
EDGH.
Me
ssaging
: T
he
andr
oid i
s s
uppo
rt f
eat
ure
of the
both
MM
S and SM
S.
Web
bro
wser
:
Coupled
with
Chrom
e
'
s V
8 J
avaSc
ript e
ngine s
up
porting
CSS3MM
S
and
HTML
5, ba
s
ed
on the
open
-
s
ource
W
e
b Kit
lay
ou
t e
ng
i
ne.
Mult
i
-
tou
c
h
:
A
ndr
oid
ha
ve
a
f
eat
ur
e
of Mult
it
ou
c
h
w
hic
h
is
first m
ade b
y
ha
ndset
H
TC
Hero
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IJAAS
IS
S
N: 22
52
-
8814
Mo
bile Ap
plicati
on D
evel
op
men
t w
it
h An
droid
(
Rajesh
K
esh
avrao Des
hmuk
h
)
319
Mult
i
-
ta
sk
in
g
:
V
ari
ou
s
a
ppli
cat
ion
ca
n
r
un
s
i
m
ultaneou
sly
.
The
us
er
c
an
jum
p
fr
om
on
e
ta
sk
to
a
no
t
he
r
ta
sk
at the
sam
e tim
e.
Tet
her
in
g:
T
he
andr
oid i
s S
upports s
har
i
ng of Inter
net c
onne
ct
ion
s as
a
wir
ed/
wireless
hotspo
t
.
4.
AND
ROID
A
RCHITE
CT
U
RE
The
s
oft
war
e
s
ta
ck
is s
pilt
into five lay
er:
The
a
ppli
cat
ion
lay
er
The
a
ppli
cat
ion
fr
am
e w
orks
The
li
braries
The ru
ntim
e
The ker
nel
Fig
ure
2.
Androi
d
Archi
t
ec
tu
re
4.1
.
The
Kernel
T
he
a
ndr
oid
is
base
d
on
Li
nux
2.6
kernel
a
r
chite
ct
ur
e
.
T
his
la
ye
r
is
c
or
e
of
an
droid
arc
hitec
ture.
I
t
pro
vid
es
ser
vice li
ke
pr
ocess
or a
nd po
wer
m
anag
em
ent, sec
ur
it
y, m
e
m
or
y m
anag
em
ent etc
.
4.2
.
The N
at
i
ve
Li
braries
Ther
e
A
ndr
oid
has
it
s
ow
n
li
br
a
ries,
wh
ic
h
is
wr
it
te
n
in
C/
C+
+.
These
li
br
a
ries
can
not
be
acce
sse
d
directl
y.
Usi
ng
app
li
cat
io
n
f
ra
m
ewo
r
k
we
ca
n
acce
ss
t
hese
li
br
aries.
The
r
e
are
li
br
a
ries
wh
ic
h
hel
p
to
acce
ss
m
any ty
pe
of
web br
ow
se
rs f
or this the
re is
a w
e
b
li
brary a
nd li
br
a
ries f
or
v
ide
o
a
nd a
ndro
i
d
f
orm
at
s et
c.
4.3
.
The An
droid
Ru
n
Ti
me
The
A
ndr
oid
Run
ti
m
e
is
an
app
li
cat
io
n.
W
hich
is
r
un
ti
m
e
en
vir
on
m
ent
.I
t
is
use
d
by
op
e
rati
ng
of
andr
oid
.
Wh
er
e
you
ha
ve
li
m
i
te
d
batte
ry,
lim
it
ed
CPU
,
li
m
ited
m
e
m
or
y.
A
ndr
oid
ha
ve
it
s
own
virt
ual
m
a
chine
is cal
le
d
Dal
vik
. It
is
run o
n
a
ndr
oid
a
ppli
cat
ion
.
D
al
vik
is
us
e
d
in
m
ob
il
e d
evices
su
c
h
a
s tablet
s, pho
ne
etc.
Pr
og
ram
are
co
m
m
on
ly
w
ritt
en
in
j
a
va
a
nd c
om
pile t
o
byte
cod
e
.
4.3.1
.
Android
R
u
n Tim
e
This
is
in
bl
ue
m
eaning
t
ha
t
it
’s
wr
it
te
n
i
n
t
he
j
a
va
pro
gr
am
m
ing
la
ngua
g
e.
T
he
int
ern
al
li
br
a
ry
con
ta
in
s all
of
the co
ll
ect
io
n uti
li
ti
es, class, I
O an
d
al
l t
he
util
it
ie
s.
4.4
.
Ap
pic
at
i
on
Fr
amewor
k
The
ap
plica
ti
on
f
ram
ewo
rk
i
s
the
too
l
kit
that
al
l
app
li
cat
ion
us
e
a
nd
this
is
al
l
wr
it
te
n
in
ja
va
pro
gr
am
m
ing
l
angua
ge
T
hese
ap
plica
ti
on
s
i
nc
lud
e
t
he
ones
that
com
e
with
a
phone
li
ke
th
e
phone
a
ppli
cat
ion
,
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2252
-
8814
IJAAS
Vo
l.
7
,
No.
3
,
Se
ptem
ber
20
18
:
xx
–
xx
320
or
hom
e
app
li
cat
ion
s,
.I
t
i
nclu
des
a
pp
li
cat
io
n
wr
i
tt
en
by
Goog
le
,
an
d
i
nclu
des
a
pps
that
w
il
l
be
wr
it
te
n
by
you.
Ever
y a
ppli
cat
ion us
e sam
e A
PI
s a
nd fram
e
work.
These are
as f
ollows:
Acti
vity
m
ang
er
:
the
m
anag
e
s
the
li
fecyc
le
of
ap
plica
ti
on
.
It
ena
bles
pro
pe
r
m
anag
em
ent
of
al
l
act
ivit
ie
s.
All t
he
act
ivit
i
es are c
ontr
olled
by m
anag
er.
Re
so
urce m
anag
er
:
it
prov
i
de a
ccess t
o n
on
-
c
od
e
r
es
ources
s
uch as
gr
a
phic
et
c.
Locati
on m
anag
er
:
if
f
ire
s ale
rts whe
n user e
nter or
leaves
a
sp
eci
fie
d geog
raphical
locati
on
Packa
ge
m
anag
er:
it
is
us
e t
o retrie
ve
t
he dat
a ab
ou
t i
ns
ta
ll
ed packa
ges
on device.
W
i
ndow m
anag
er
:
it
is
us
e t
o creat
e v
ie
w
a
nd lay
outs.
Tel
epho
ny
m
a
nag
e
r:
it
is
us
e
to
ha
nd
le
set
ti
ng
of
net
wor
k
connecti
on
a
nd
al
l
inform
ation
ab
out
ser
vice
s
on d
e
vice.
4
.5
.
Ap
pli
ca
tio
n L
ay
er
Applic
at
ion
la
ye
r
is
in
the
to
p
la
ye
r.
I
n
t
his
la
ye
r
sh
ari
ng
of
data
a
nd
t
ransfer
of
file
s.
It
involves
t
he
con
ta
ct
s
ap
plica
ti
on
,
the
ho
m
e
ap
plica
ti
on,
a
pp
s
a
nd
t
he
bro
wser.
It
is
the
t
op
la
ye
r
in
an
droi
d
a
rch
it
ect
ur
e.
All
the
native
a
ppli
cat
ion
a
re
li
ke
Goo
gle
m
aps,
ca
m
era,
SMS
,
bro
w
ser,
cal
en
dar
s
,
a
nd
c
on
ta
ct
s
are.
W
it
h
th
e
he
l
p
of ap
plica
ti
on
of fram
ewo
rk to
op
e
rate t
his
a
pp
li
cat
io
n wor
k wit
h
e
nd user
5.
SECURIT
Y
All
Android
is
desig
n
m
or
e
te
chn
ic
al
sec
ur
it
y
featur
es
a
nd
si
m
ply
pr
esent
ed
to
us
er
that
m
eans
they
can
be
ea
sil
y
con
t
ro
ll
ed
th
rou
gh
the
inter
fac
e.
T
o
im
pr
oving
yo
ur
A
ndr
oi
d
de
vice’
s
sec
ur
it
y
this
m
et
ho
d
is
strai
gh
t
forw
a
r
d
m
et
ho
ds
ca
n
inclu
de:
us
i
ng
a
pin
or
fi
ng
e
r
pr
i
nt,
pa
sswo
r
d,
set
ti
ng
yo
ur
phone
to
loc
k
after
a
per
i
od
of
inact
ivit
y,
only
e
na
bling
wireless
connecti
ons
th
at
yo
u
us
e
,
a
nd
only
instal
li
ng
And
ro
i
d
a
pps
yo
u
belie
ve
a
nd
ha
ve pers
onal
ly
ch
eke
d.
Goo
gle
al
lows
A
ndro
i
d
a
pp
li
cat
ion
s
i
nto
it
s
m
ark
et
place
and
this
a
pp
li
ca
ti
on
a
re
te
ste
d
and
pro
ve
n,
secur
e
by
G
oogle,
it
m
eans
th
at
the
us
e
r
will
be
protect
ed
a
nd
le
ss
of
a
c
hance
of
instal
li
ng
vir
us
a
nd
m
alic
ious
app.
F
or
in
sta
ll
at
ion
of
a
n
ap
plica
ti
on
,
A
nd
ro
i
d
sec
ur
it
y
s
yst
e
m
pr
om
pts
the
us
e
r
to
al
low
this
i
ns
ta
ll
at
ion
.
Me
anin
g
that
it
is
im
po
ssible
to
r
em
otely
inst
al
l
and
r
un
an
a
pp
li
cat
io
n.
By
regularly
instal
li
ng
sy
ste
m
updates
us
ers
ca
n
sec
ure thei
r
a
ndr
oid
dev
ic
es
fro
m
att
ackers.
Androi
d
is
a
m
ulti
-
process
sy
stem
in
wh
ic
h
each
ap
plica
ti
on
(a
nd
par
t
of
the
syst
e
m
)
r
un
s
in
it
s
own
process
.
The
s
ecur
it
y
betwee
n
the
syst
em
a
nd
a
ppli
cat
ion
is
getti
ng
th
rou
gh
sta
nd
a
r
d
Li
nux
facil
it
ie
s,
su
ch
a
s
gro
up
I
Ds
an
d
us
e
r
that
a
re
a
ssign
e
d
to
the
app
li
cat
io
ns
.
Wh
e
n
at
ta
ckers
at
ta
ck
on
de
vice,
a
ndr
oid
pl
at
fo
rm
help
t
o protec
t
the sm
art fr
om
att
ackers.
Ther
e
are
k
ey
com
po
ne
nts
of an
droid
secu
ri
ty
w
hich
are
d
e
scribe
d
as
foll
ows:
Desig
n
re
view:
b
y
t
he
de
velo
per
s
desig
n
of
secur
it
y
m
od
el
is
re
viewe
d.
S
o
t
hat
w
hile
usi
ng
this
m
od
el
the r
is
k
le
vel
wi
ll
b
e v
e
ry less.
Cod
e
r
evie
w
and
pe
netrati
ng
te
sti
ng
:
the
m
a
i
n
ai
m
of
co
de
r
eview
is
that
it
will
be
te
st
that
how
the
syst
e
m
will
b
ecom
e pow
e
rful
?
Op
e
n
s
ource
a
nd
com
m
un
it
y
rev
ie
w:
an
dro
id
ha
ve
open
s
ource
a
nd
com
m
un
it
y
rev
ie
w
su
c
h
as
Lin
ux
kernel.
6.
ADV
AN
T
AGE
A
N
D DI
SADV
A
NTAG
E
OF
ANDROI
DS
M
any ad
va
ntage or
d
isa
dv
a
nt
age
of an
droid
app
li
cat
io
n.
6.1
.
Advant
ag
e
s
of A
n
droid
Androi
d pho
ne
is
easy
to
acc
e
ss.
It is the ea
sy t
o ca
rr
y.
It is m
or
e secu
re.
W
it
h
the
s
uppo
rt of m
any app
l
ic
at
ion
, t
he use
r
ca
n
c
hange t
he
scr
ee
n displa
y
.
It is p
la
tf
or
m
ind
e
pe
nd
e
nt.
The
m
ajo
r
a
dvantage is
andr
oi
d
is m
ulti
ta
sk
i
ng.
I
t i
s s
upport th
e Google
se
rv
i
ce.
It g
i
ven
yo
u be
tt
er notific
at
ion
.
A
m
or
e m
at
ur
e p
la
tf
or
m
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IJAAS
IS
S
N: 22
52
-
8814
Mo
bile Ap
plicati
on D
evel
op
men
t w
it
h An
droid
(
Rajesh
K
esh
avrao Des
hmuk
h
)
321
6.2
.
Disad
van
t
ag
e
of
An
d
roi
d
So
m
e tim
e att
a
cker
s
can
att
ack a
ndr
oid
.
A
ndro
i
d o
per
a
ti
ng
syst
em
h
avin
g
lot
of
pro
cess b
eca
us
e
of this a
ndr
oid
OS
ha
ng.
If
m
e
m
or
y i
s full
then an
droi
d pho
ne gett
in
g
sl
ow
.
Ext
rem
el
y i
nco
ns
ist
ence i
n de
sign am
on
g
a
pps.
It is unsta
ble a
nd so
m
e tim
e c
rash.
7.
CONCL
US
I
O
N AND F
UT
U
RE
S
COPE
Androi
d i
s
ope
n s
ource
platfo
rm
i
t
can
easi
ly
dev
el
opm
ent
t
he m
ob
il
e
base
d ap
plica
ti
on
All
the
A
PIs
are
a
vaila
ble
in
order
to
de
ve
lop
t
hese
a
pp
li
cat
ion
s.
It
is
ver
y
sec
ure
a
nd
it
s
help
t
o
protect
from
at
tack
ers
.
Ma
ny
ver
si
on
of
a
ndr
oid
s
a
vaila
ble
an
d
la
te
st
ver
sio
n
is
Or
e
o
8.1
.
I
n
th
e
fiel
d
of
arti
fi
ci
al
intel
li
gen
t
m
any
ty
pe
of
ben
e
fic
ia
l
ro
bot
can
be
m
ade
wh
ic
h
is
require
in
fut
ur
e.
Wh
ic
h
i
s
in
pro
gr
es
s
to
us
e
in
ca
rs,
wa
tc
hes
and also
An
dro
id T
V.
REFERE
NCE
S
[1]
Vikas
Agrawal
,
Shruti
Agrawal
,
Raj
esh
Deshm
ukh
“
Anal
y
sis
and
Revi
ew
of
En
cr
ypti
on
and
De
cr
ypti
on
for
Secur
e
Com
m
unic
at
ion”
In
te
rnationa
l
J
ournal
of
S
ci
en
tific
Eng
ineering
and
R
ese
arch
(
IJS
ER
)
ISS
N
(On
li
ne)
:
2347
-
3878
,
Volum
e
2
Iss
ue 2,
Februa
r
y
201
4.
[2]
Li
Ma,
L
ei
Gu
an
d
Jin
W
ang
“
Res
ea
rch
and
D
eve
l
opm
ent
of
Mobil
e
Appl
ic
a
ti
on
for
Android
Plat
fo
r
m
”
Inte
rnational
journal
of
Multi
media
and
Ubiq
uit
ous E
ng
ine
eri
ng
.
[3]
htt
ps://
ww
w.j
av
apoi
nt
.
com/andr
ooid
-
histor
y
–
an
d
-
ver
sions
[4]
htt
ps://
ww
w.di
gi
ta
lt
r
ends.
com/m
obil
e/androi
d
-
v
e
rsion
-
histor
y
[5]
htt
ps://
ww
w.scribd.c
om
/doc
um
e
nt/
79741205/Pa
per
-
Presentation
-
on
-
Andriod
[6]
htt
p://ww
w.a
ndr
oid.
com
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.